DEUQUA EXCURSIONS issn 2625-8129 An open-access journal by the German Quaternary Association Editor-in-chief: Henrik Rother DEUQUA Special Publications FROM WEICHSELIAN ICE-SHEET DYNAMICS TO HOLOCENE LANDSCAPE CHANGES IN WESTERN POMERANIA AND MECKLENBURG Field trips on geology, geomorphology and geoarchaeology Guest editors: Heiko Hüneke, Andreas Börner, and Sebastian Lorenz International Field Symposium of the INQUA Peribaltic Working Group 7–13 September 2019 in Greifswald, Germany DEUQUA Special Publications An open-access journal of the German Quaternary Association Editor-in-chief 2018: Christopher Lüthgens Die Deutsche Quartärvereinigung (DEUQUA) e.V. ist ein Zusammenschluss deutschsprachiger Quartär- wissenschaftler. Der Verein hat zum Ziel die Quartärwissenschaft zu fördern, sie in der Öffentlichkeit zu vertreten, den Kontakt zu angewandter Wissenschaft zu intensivieren sowie öffentliche und politische Gremien in quartärwissenschaftlichen Fragestellungen zu beraten. Desweiteren hat der Verein sich zur Aufgabe gemacht, die Kontaktpflege der Quartärforscher untereinander und zu verwandten Organisa- tionen im In- und Ausland zu betreiben. The German Quaternary Association (Deutsche Quartärvereinigung, DEUQUA e.V.) is the official union of German-speaking Quaternary scientists. The aim of the association is to support Quaternary science, to present it to the public, to intensify contacts to the applied sciences, and to provide advice to public and political authorities on issues related to Quaternary science. Furthermore, the association supports net- working among Quaternary scientists and neighbouring disciplines at home and abroad. Copernicus Publications Bahnhofsallee 1e 37081 Göttingen Germany Phone: +49 551 90 03 39 0 Fax: +49 551 90 03 39 70 [email protected] http://publications.copernicus.org Printed in Germany. Schaltungsdienst Lange o.H.G. ISSN 2625-8129 Published by Copernicus GmbH (Copernicus Publications) on behalf of the German Quaternary Association (DEUQUA). All DEUQUASP articles have been distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. Image credits: Top: Sea cliff and morphology of the Jasmund Peninsular from southeast (Photo: Martin Meschede) Bottom left: Königsstuhl, coastal cliff of Jasmund, imbricated chalk (Photo: Paul Mehlhorn) Bottom center: The valley of the meandering Tollense River near Kessin (Photo: Sebastian Lorenz) Bottom right: View from Großer Werder at Lake Krakower Obersee (Photo: Sebastian Lorenz) https://www.deuqua-special-publications.net Excursion route Excursion route during the International Field Symposium of the Peribaltic Working Group from 7 to 13 September 2019 in Greifswald. Simplified geological map of Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania modified by A. Börner (2019, based on Bremer, 2002; Müller et al., 1995; and Müller, 2004b); for details and references, see the introduction of this volume. Tromper Wiek Lohme <Double-click here to enter title> 5 Glowe V . 2 N G r o ß e r J a s m u n d e r B o d d e n 3 4 Legend Sagard Superimposed ridges 1 Ridges Rivers Sassnitz Lakes/other depressions Undiff. glacigenic landforms 7 Holocene swamps and fenland 6 Weichselian ground moraine P r o r e r Holocene sea sand plains Glacifluvial deposits W i e k Glacilimnic deposits Composite ridges 0 2,5 5 Northern sub-complex K l e i n e r J a s m u n d e r km Southern sub-complex B o d d e n © GeoBasis-DE/M-V 2017 Location of stops 1 to 7 on Jasmund (Rügen) during the International Field Symposium of the Peribaltic Working Group from 7 to 13 September 2019 in Greifswald. Geomorphological map of the Jasmund peninsula with hillshaded digital elevation model as background (modified from Gehrmann, 2018); for details and references, see stop 1 of this volume (Gehrmann and Harding, 2019). The surrounding seabed is based on a digital elevation model of the German Baltic Sea (Tauber, 2012a, b). Introduction DEUQUA Spec. Pub., 2, 1–10, 2019 https://doi.org/10.5194/deuquasp-2-1-2019 © Author(s) 2019. This work is distributed under DEUQUA the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License. Special Publications The Quaternary sequence of Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania: areas of specific interest and ongoing investigations Andreas Börner1, Anna Gehrmann2, Heiko Hüneke2, Michael Kenzler2, and Sebastian Lorenz2 1Geological Survey of Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania, LUNG M-V, Goldberger Strasse 12, 18273 Güstrow, Germany 2Greifswald University, Institute for Geography and Geology, Friedr.-Ludwig-Jahn Str. 17a, 17489 Greifswald, Germany Correspondence: Andreas Börner ([email protected]) Relevant dates: Published: 15 August 2019 How to cite: Börner, A., Gehrmann, A., Hüneke, H., Kenzler, M., and Lorenz, S.: The Quaternary sequence of Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania: areas of specific interest and ongoing investigations, DEUQUA Spec. Pub., 2, 1–10, https://doi.org/10.5194/deuquasp-2-1-2019, 2019. Abstract: This paper aims to combine the knowledge of more than 100 years of Quaternary research in Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania (Geinitz, 1922; Deecke, 1907; Schulz, 1967, 1971; von Bülow, 2000; Rühberg et al., 1995; Müller et al., 1995; Katzung, 2004; Kenzler et al., 2015, 2018) including a summary of the areas of specific interest, a general overview of the most recent scientific results and of the ongoing investigations presented during the Field Symposium of the INQUA PeriBaltic Working Group 2019. Dedication MWP (427 m) has been observed. Glaciofluvial sands over- lie the oldest cold climate sediments at the base of this chan- This article is dedicated to Werner Schulz (1932–2018) and nel structure. Proglacial deposits of an Elsterian ice advance all active Quaternary field geologists for their important input (400–320 ka; Litt et al., 2007) indicate the change to the during the last decades. first complete glacial–interglacial cycle. During the Elste- rian deglaciation, glaciolacustrine sediments were deposited, 1 Quaternary sedimentary record and such as the more than 100 m thick fine-grained sequence of environmental change in northeastern Germany the “Lauenburg Clay” in the lower Elbe area (SW Mecklen- burg, Müller, 2004a). Palynological data from the upper part 1.1 Early and Middle Pleistocene (2.6–0.3 Ma) of the Lauenburg Clay sequence indicate the change from sub-arctic climate conditions to the warmer climate of the The oldest Pleistocene deposits are located in the SW of Holsteinian Interglacial (320–300 ka; German Stratigraphic Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania (MWP) and consist of flu- Commission, 2016). vial gravel (von Bülow, 2000) with a mixed provenance of northern and southern source area (lydites and porphyrites). 1.2 The Holsteinian Complex (320–300 ka) These fluvial deposits (“Loosen-Formation”) were assigned to the Early Pleistocene (Rühberg et al., 1995; von Bülow In the area of MWP, the Holsteinian marine transgres- and Börner, 2019; see Fig. 1). In the buried, over-deepened sion occurred during pollen zone 4 and finished after Hol- erosional channels near Hagenow (SW Mecklenburg), the steinian pollen zone 5 (according to the pollen zones of Erd, base of the Pleistocene is found at a maximum depth of 1973). The related marine-brackish deposits are not only 550 m. Here, the greatest thickness of Pleistocene deposits in restricted to the system of over-deepened Elsterian chan- Published by Copernicus Publications on behalf of the Deutsche Quartärvereinigung (DEUQUA) e.V. 2 A. Börner et al.: The Quaternary sequence of Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania Figure 1. Quaternary stratigraphy of northern Germany (modified after German Stratigraphic Commission, 2016; cf. Bittmann et al., 2018). nels and basins, but also locally distributed across central increasing in thickness towards the south. A similar ten- Mecklenburg and the eastern adjacent area between Anklam dency has also been noted with regard to the respective and Neubrandenburg. Throughout the “Holsteinian Com- Saalian till sheets (Müller et al., 1995). The “Drenthe” ice ad- plex”, fluvial deposits of southerly provenance are interca- vance deposited a highly variable, frequently very thick qsD- lated (Müller et al., 1995; von Bülow, 2000). till sheet, often containing lenses and rafts of redeposited allochthonous pre-Quaternary materials of Jurassic, Creta- ceous and Tertiary ages. For large areas of MWP, this Saalian 1.3 The Saalian Complex (300–126 ka) ice advance is responsible for the palaeo-morphology of the Above the late Holsteinian deposits, silt layers occur at sev- pre-Pleistocene substrate surface (Müller, 2004c). In the east- eral localities with a pollen spectrum indicating cold, arc- erly parts of MWP, the clay-rich qsD-till constitutes a charac- tic climate conditions. These silts are classified as the Fuhne teristic marker unit, with its green to blue-green matrix (in- cold stage (Fig. 1). During the course of the first Saalian ice corporation of Tertiary clay) and high flint content (Creta- advance (MIS 6), coarse proglacial sands were deposited, ceous). Further inland, a compact Saalian till sheet is present, DEUQUA Spec. Pub., 2, 1–10, 2019 www.deuqua-spec-pub.net/2/1/2019/ A. Börner et al.: The Quaternary sequence of Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania 3 which splits further to the south into two individual till layers proposed by Houmark-Nielsen (2010). However, because no (qsD, qsWA), which may be separated locally by sand and absolute age data are available for the Warnow advance, the gravel lenses possibly of englacial origin. Based on numer- exact stratigraphic position is still unknown. One reason for ous drillings that have been sampled during the last 50 years, this lack of data is the absence of deposits of Early to Middle the conventional subdivision of the Saalian into a “Drenthe” Weichselian age in MWP. Hence, this time period is poorly and “Warthe” substage has proved to be valid (Fig. 1; Müller documented across this area. et al., 1995). In the northeasternmost parts of MWP (e.g. Rü- Sedimentological and geochronological results indicate gen), this qsWA-till forms the main unit of the Saalian glacia- that no ice advance reached the island of Rügen during MIS 3 tion. For example, on the island of Rügen and in the coastal (57–29 ka; Kenzler et al., 2015, 2017).