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Home , Bakerloo line extension, City and Brixton Railway, Crossrail, Jubilee line, Silvertown Tunnel, West London Orbital

NEW HOMES AND JOBS 211

Chapter five – New homes and jobs

More people than ever want to live and work in . By 2041, there are forecast to be about 1.3 million more people working in the capital than there are today. To meet the demands of the growing population, experts say land will need to be identified in London for the building of at least 65,000 homes every year between now and 2041.

London’s growth is a sign of its success as a city at the heart of the world economy and global culture. But it also comes at a cost. Londoners are being priced out of their city by an increasingly unaffordable housing market. Many Londoners are trapped paying rents that they can barely afford for homes that do not meet their needs or aspirations. If this situation continues to worsen, London could suffer.

While growth is good for London, it must not be pursued at the expense of people’s quality of life – as London becomes a bigger city, it must also become a better one, where all Londoners are able to access the benefits that this growth brings.

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The transport network has a crucial Transport and Good Growth The transport principles ‘Good Growth role to play in this. Public transport of Good Growth connections can make parts of London Applying the Healthy Streets Approach means offering viable places to build homes and to planning transport for growth creates • Good access to public transport create jobs for the first time. Using a set of Good Growth principles that will • High-density, mixed-use developments people across the Healthy Streets Approach to plan help London grow in a way that works new developments around walking and for Londoners. • People choose to walk and cycle cycling for local trips, and cycling and London the • Car-free and car-lite places public transport for longer ones, will help This will contribute to the London people to live active and healthy lives Plan’s priorities for Good Growth, benefits of • Inclusive, accessible design and the city to function effectively even which are to build strong and inclusive walking, cycling as it grows. communities, to make the best use of • Carbon-free travel land, to create a healthy city, to deliver and public This chapter sets out the transport the homes Londoners need, to grow a • Efficient freight principles of Good Growth and then good economy, and to increase London’s transport use explains in two sections how transport efficiency and resilience. can be used to help deliver homes and Policy 21 that have been jobs in a way that will improve quality Good Growth means ensuring that The Mayor, through TfL and of life by: people living in new housing in central, the boroughs, and working with available in some inner and outer London have options stakeholders, will ensure that new a) Shaping the type of growth in London, other than to drive to the shops, to homes and jobs in London are parts of London using transport services to create school or to work. It means offering delivered in line with the transport high-density, mixed-use places where people across London – existing principles of Good Growth for for years.’ people can walk and cycle to local residents and new ones – the benefits of current and future Londoners by amenities, and use public transport for walking, cycling and public transport use using transport to: longer trips. that have been available in some parts of London for years. a) Create high-density, mixed-use b) Shaping the city, using transport to places, and support and direct Good Growth, so Applying the transport principles of the potential for new jobs and homes Good Growth will mean that, as London b) Unlock growth potential in in underdeveloped parts of the city grows, a greater proportion of people underdeveloped parts of the city. can be unlocked. will live in locations that are well connected to employment and other opportunities by walking, cycling or using public transport.

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a) Shaping the type of growth options are available for longer trips. Using the Healthy Streets Approach to Improving access to public transport plan for this kind of active lifestyle will Residential, commercial and other result in a more compact city, and also development should encourage make the best use of scarce land. batchwalking, cycling5 and the use of public transport and minimise the use of the People living in more densely developed car. Fundamentally, this means that places are less likely to depend on the development should be suitably car for their journeys, and516 more likely to located where there is good access use public transport, walking and cycling to public transport. to get about. Moreover, the better people’s access to public transport, the Developing in these locations will create more likely they are to use it. Figure 37 high-density, mixed-use places where shows the current relationship between local amenities are within walking and population density and commuting to cycling distance, and public transport work by car in London.

TRAVEL TO WORK CAR MODE SHARE BY WARD�LEVEL POPULATION DENSITY, LONDON RESIDENTS, 2011 FIGURE 37: COMMUTER CAR USE AND POPULATION DENSITY 80

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Creating high-density, mixed-use places connected by rail or Tube to employment FIGURE 38: INCREASE IN PUBLIC TRANSPORT ACCESS LEVELS ASSOCIATED WITH CYCLING Land around stations provides opportunities, but will almost always be Without cycling With cycling opportunities to create high-density, better connected to schools, hospitals mixed-use places – new communities and shops by public transport, walking that are well connected to local or cycling. Land around stations is often amenities, and to jobs and locations owned by TfL, and other further afield. This makes the most of public sector landowners, and presents past investment in public transport, a good opportunity to bring forward and the benefits of future public surplus or underused land for increased transport investment can be enhanced housing delivery. by providing new homes (including affordable homes in a range of tenures) High-density development further and jobs nearby. from stations can be supported through improved bus and cycle There are almost 600 rail and Tube links; such networks can dramatically stations in London, and opportunities increase the catchment area of a for development around these stations station, providing greater employment should be explored, such as converting opportunities and reducing Londoners’ land use from low-density uses (retail dependence on cars. parks, storage, parking, etc) to high- density, mixed-use development. Figure 38 shows standard and enhanced Major road Such change can act as a catalyst for Public Transport Access Levels (PTALs) Public Transport Access Levels 0 1 mile the regeneration of town centres and in a typical residential area. By extending Lowest Highest Underground Minor road 0 1 km neighbourhoods, and play a role in the access distance to rail stations Station revitalising high streets. Development (including cycling as well as walking as opportunities around stations are access modes), the PTAL can be raised particularly attractive for ‘Build to Rent’. and more areas can be made attractive for high-density residential development. Planning policy and decisions that This would be accompanied by seek to locate high-density housing improvements to the local cycle within walking distance of stations infrastructure, such as cycle parking and mean residents will not only be well segregated routes, where necessary.

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Proposal 79 Secure cycle parking and storage must Proposal 80 Car and cycle parking – The Mayor, through TfL and the be built into all new developments to The Mayor, through TfL and the guiding principles boroughs, will seek opportunities enable far higher levels of cycling in the boroughs, will: for densification of development future, and to enable all residents to own • An expectation for car-free development in London’s more accessible areas, and supported by the public transport a cycle. a) Impose high expectations on car-lite development elsewhere network, in particular around public developers to deliver transport transport stations and stops. As future developments will be planned solutions that will promote a • Any residential parking spaces permitted Investment in improving station around active, efficient and sustainable shift to active, efficient and should make provision for low emission environments, interchanges and transport modes, they should also be sustainable modes, reduce road vehicles to enable carbon-free travel local walking and cycling networks, planned to discourage car use, and car- congestion, improve air quality • Appropriate provision of dedicated spaces including third-party investment in free and car-lite places must become the and assist in the development for disabled drivers the redevelopment of surrounding first option across London. of attractive, healthy and lower-density sites, will act as a active places. • Outside the Central Activities Zone (CAZ), catalyst to create wider growth. Provision for car parking should be car clubs could be provided in lieu of private car parking restricted and that which is provided b) Restrict car parking provision should be designed to enable alternative within new developments, with • Well-located and accessible cycle Embedding active travel in uses in the future as car dependency those locations more accessible parking provision new development decreases. In those areas of London to public transport expected to All new developments should comprise that are more accessible and well be car-free. New developments streets and places where people choose connected by public transport, there should contain high levels of More detail, including standards for to walk and cycle. All developers should is already a tendency towards car-free cycle parking and storage, car and cycle parking, is set out in the plan to deliver improvements against developments, especially in central and contribute to the provision London Plan. the ten Healthy Streets Indicators London and town centres. This trend of on-street cycle parking in when designing local street networks, needs to continue and spread, with car- town centres and other places clearly putting people before motorised free development becoming the starting of high demand. vehicles. These street networks should point for all development in well-served provide for the needs of the whole places. Where car parking is considered community. Inclusive, accessible design appropriate in new developments, that enables people of all ages and provision should be made for ultra low abilities to access services without emission vehicles. relying on the car is fundamental across London, and should be planned into all developments at the outset.

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Embedding efficient freight and Proposal 81 b) Shaping the city Central Activities Zone servicing in new development The Mayor, through TfL and the Investment in the public transport New developments will be expected boroughs, and working with Using transport to support and direct system, particularly the rail network, is to be designed to encourage efficient, stakeholders, will embed efficient Good Growth critical to enabling employment growth safe and low-emission delivery and freight and servicing in new Creating high-density, mixed-use places in . These improvements servicing trips. Planning permissions development by: will require transport investment to be are set out in Chapter four. In addition, should secure delivery and servicing fully aligned with the growth strategy set the vitality of central London depends plans that support off-peak (including a) Ensuring that delivery and out in the London Plan. on a good public realm and a healthy and night-time) deliveries. servicing plans facilitate off-peak clean environment, including measures deliveries using quiet technology, The draft London Plan shows that the to reduce traffic dominance, improve air and the use of more active, city’s growth potential is concentrated quality and deliver far better provision efficient and sustainable modes in the CAZ and within its town centres for walking and cycling. This is set out in of delivery, including cargo and Opportunity Areas; there will also Chapter three. cycles and electric vehicles be growth potential from the managed where practicable. intensification of suburban areas. This Town centres means maximising the capacity of Town centres offer a range of vital b) Ensuring that large-scale the existing public transport network, services and facilities to meet developments and area-wide extending the network to open up new Londoners’ needs, as well as providing plans include a local freight and areas for homes, optimising land use a focus for employment and leisure. By servicing strategy (consisting around stations and radically improving improving transport access between and of measures such as shared conditions for walking and cycling, within town centres, through a variety of procurement for consumables, supporting higher densities. transport modes and better conditions co-ordinated waste and recycling for walking and cycling, their role as collection, timetabled deliveries, Each of London’s areas is unique nodes for growth can be strengthened, ‘click and collect’ for residents and will require tailored transport to supporting higher development and flexible loading bays). support growth. densities and greater housing capacity. Development in and immediately around c) Piloting ambitious plans in town centres should be focused on Opportunity Areas and around public transport, walking and cycling major developments such as High networks, reducing car dependency and Speed Two to reduce the impact improving the local environment. of freight and construction trips.

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Opportunity Areas Developments within Opportunity Areas Suburban London Many town centres in outer London offer Planning for London’s growth corridors should be well designed, compact, safe, Many parts of suburban London also opportunities for high-density, mixed-use and Opportunity Areas (designated walkable neighbourhoods with good have the capacity to support new redevelopment that can improve the town through the London Plan as areas access to facilities and services from the development, especially where there centre offer for Londoners living in the with particular development potential) outset. Live-work areas can reduce the are good connections to central suburbs. The Healthy Streets Approach should embed best practice in Good need to travel, and efficient deliveries London and town centres. However, it is should be applied in places such as Growth. Dedicated public transport and and servicing infrastructure should important that the development of the , Hounslow, Sutton and Wood walking and cycling provision (such be integrated within the site to reduce suburbs is achieved in a way that is not Green, for example, as developments as bus and segregated vehicle movements. dependent on the car. To support this, come forward to maximise the potential cycleways) should be at their heart, as the transport network needs to reach all for improved public realm and quality well as good interchanges with rail and parts of London, using the bus network of life for everyone living in, visiting or Tube for longer journeys and for those Proposal 82 in particular to better connect areas, working in them. Town centre catchments into central London. Within their growth The Mayor, through TfL and the but also creating a public realm that can grow through improved conditions corridor, Opportunity Areas should boroughs, will support growth encourages greater levels of walking for walking and cycling, as well as be well connected to each other as through transport investment and and cycling. enhanced bus services and priority, well as nearby town centres, schools, planning in the Central Activities which will significantly improve suburban employment hubs and stations, including Zone, in and around town centres, To deliver new homes and jobs in Londoners’ access to employment and the provision of public transport options in close proximity to stations and suburban London, full use needs to be leisure opportunities, and contribute to at weekends to enable car-free lifestyles. in Opportunity Areas. The Mayor made of London’s transport network. regeneration in outer London. expects planning frameworks in This means extending the public Strategic planning for Opportunity Areas these areas to set mode share transport network in a selected number Wider South East should ensure that unnecessary journeys targets that are significantly more of places to support major development Transport can play an important role in by car are discouraged, partly through ambitious than elsewhere in London opportunities. But crucially, it also means strengthening links between London restricted parking (including mandatory and will require boroughs and getting more out of the existing network, and areas beyond the GLA boundary, car-free/car-lite developments), limited other stakeholders to demonstrate by upgrading the quality and capacity not including supporting growth. In planning access for vehicles by time of day/ how development plans will just of the rail network, but other modes London’s transport, it is important that vehicle type, and very low speeds, with contribute to mode shift away too, including buses. opportunities for creating new homes traffic calming measures. Providing from car use towards walking, and jobs in other parts of the Wider shared access to a car club instead cycling and public transport. South East are considered, working with of private parking bays in a new willing partners to support development development (or in an existing residential along the strategic corridors that street) is just one example of how car continue outwards from London’s dominance can be reduced and space growth corridors shown in Figure 35. freed up for other infrastructure to support active travel.

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Unlocking growth potential through Increasing the capacity of the West new rail links Anglia Main Line and new bus services 2 will support development of parts of In addition to relieving some of the most the Lee Valley and beyond as part of a severe crowding on the transport system, package of improvements with Crossrail will unlock the potential 2. A phased approach can be taken, for homes and jobs on a region-wide starting with a new Stratford to Angel scale. Crossrail 2 will deliver substantial Road service, followed by increased benefits to the wider economy and is a capacity (‘four tracking’) to Broxbourne. scheme of national significance. The new The Mayor is therefore undertaking a railway could provide the infrastructure refresh of the planning framework for needed to support 200,000 new homes the wider Lee Valley which will consider and 200,000 new jobs, and it will also whether strategic industrial land can enable growth further afield by releasing be reconfigured (without net loss of capacity on some of the most congested industrial floor-space) in order to capture national rail lines into London. The overall the housing potential of committed and case for Crossrail 2 is summarised in potential transport improvements. Chapter four.

Proposal 84 Proposal 83 The Mayor, through TfL and the The Mayor, through TfL and the relevant boroughs, will seek to boroughs, will seek to ensure encourage Network Rail to proceed that full advantage is taken of the with enhancements to the West opportunity presented by Crossrail Anglia Main Line to help create and 2 to maximise housing delivery and support new homes and jobs in the the creation of healthy new places Lee Valley. that are fully integrated with their surroundings.

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Bakerloo line extension that the right balance is achieved FIGURE 39: PROPOSED EXTENSION The Mayor has consulted on options between much-needed housing, and for an extension of the Bakerloo line to jobs. A potential phase 2 extension could CITY OF TOWER improve public transport connectivity offer high-capacity, high-frequency LONDON HAMLETS NEWHAM and capacity between south east services that would enable more growth London and central London, as shown beyond . Waterloo by Figure 39. In addition to the transport Charing benefits it delivers, the Bakerloo line Cross extension could also enable more than Proposal 85 CITY OF WESTMINSTER 1 25,000 new homes and 5,000 jobs to be The Mayor, through TfL, the relevant accommodated in the Old Kent Road and boroughs and Network Rail, will Elephant Old Kent Road 2 the Lewisham, and seek to extend the Bakerloo Castle Opportunity Areas. With the Bakerloo line to Lewisham and beyond in extension, the Old Kent Road order to improve public transport New Cross Gate Opportunity Area provides a connectivity in this part of London unique opportunity to create a high- and enable the provision of new density, mixed-used place near the homes and jobs. The extension Lewisham CAZ. A new type of development can will be designed to facilitate the be created that supports significant creation of an attractive, dense LEWISHAM levels of both employment and housing area in inner London, with active, in an urban setting that could act as an efficient and sustainable travel example for other parts of inner London. behaviours and a mix of uses. This kind of development can ensure

Bakerloo line Proposed Bakerloo line Housing 0 1 mile extension & new station growth 0 1 km

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Elizabeth line extension be improved. As well as providing vital Proposal 86 Other schemes supporting Land to enable an extension of the support for growth plans in Kent, the The Mayor, through TfL and Good Growth Elizabeth line was safeguarded as part Elizabeth line extension could link to relevant boroughs, will support a of the Crossrail Bill. An extension, shown at Ebbsfleet and boost rail Government-led extension of the In addition to those included in this chapter, many of the schemes outlined in Chapter four in Figure 40, could support the 55,000 connectivity throughout the Wider South Elizabeth line eastwards from Abbey will also support Good Growth in London, new homes and 50,000 new jobs planned East. It should therefore be taken forward Wood to provide up to 12 trains per for example improved services in south along the route in Bexley and north by Government as a scheme of regional hour, enabling Good Growth in the London and national rail upgrades such as Kent1. To achieve this, services on the and national importance. corridor within providing longer trains on services from existing rail network would also need to and beyond London. Fenchurch Street. Additionally, other projects that are nearing completion (such as the Elizabeth line and the upgrade) are already demonstrating how important transport FIGURE 40: POTENTIAL ELIZABETH LINE EXTENSION New stations investment is in boosting growth. TfL will work with boroughs and Custom developers to identify places along the House NEWHAM HAVERING existing transport network that could be developed more intensively if new stations were to be built. This is already THURROCK being done at Beam Park in , and opportunities for additional stations are currently being assessed at many Abbey Arsenal Wood sites including Old Oak.

GREENWICH Proposal 87 BEXLEY The Mayor, through TfL and KENT the boroughs, will make the most of the transport network in London by identifying opportunities for 0 2 miles new rail stations that will unlock the Elizabeth line Potential extension Housing (under construction) growth potential for significant numbers of 0 2 km homes and jobs to be created.

1 The method of estimating the number of homes and jobs supported by an extension to the Elizabeth line is different to that used for other schemes, so numbers should not be directly compared

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Unlocking growth potential through Opportunities from London FIGURE 41: PROPOSED RAIL improved rail services Overground improvements Opportunity Areas Opportunities from London The network serves suburban metro several Opportunity Areas across the London BARNET In recent years, areas around TfL capital and can therefore be a catalyst HARROW Strategic Interchange Hendon stations have developed twice as quickly for growth. Most Londoners want to as elsewhere. This is because services move around London – rather than in Proposed West London Orbital Rail BRENT from these stations provide higher and out of the centre – every day, and and proposed station Brent Cross frequencies and better connections to the London Overground supports this Potential West London Orbital Rail other parts of London. type of travel. London Overground train and potential station Existing London Overground line service improvements are therefore and station CAMDEN There are particular opportunities to needed to support new jobs and housing Harlesden transform service quality and frequency throughout inner London and parts CITY OF on the national rail network (see London of outer London. In particular, there HS2 WESTMINSTER HILLINGDON suburban metro proposal in Chapter four). is an opportunity to improve ‘orbital’ Victoria Road Old Oak This can act as a catalyst to regenerate connections to Old Oak and across west Common Acton Central existing neighbourhoods, and enable London, between Hounslow and Brent Lionel KENSINGTON town centre residential intensification Cross – Cricklewood via the Dudding Hill South Acton Road AND CHELSEA and other new development. Through line. This new West London Orbital line Brentford Syon Lane working with boroughs to align planning could potentially support the delivery of Kew HAMMERSMITH Bridge policy and investment in the London an additional 20,000 homes, as well as AND FULHAM Q suburban metro network, there is employment growth in west London. HOUNSLOW Isleworth potential to facilitate higher densities in sustainable locations around stations Junction Hounslow in . Proposal 88 RICHMOND WANDSWORTH The Mayor, through TfL, the West UPON London Alliance boroughs and THAMES Network Rail, will work towards the delivery of a new London Overground ‘West London Orbital’ MERTON line connecting Hounslow with KINGSTON Cricklewood and Hendon via Old 0 3 miles UPON THAMES Oak, Neasden and . 0 3 km

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Unlocking growth potential through walking and cycle environments, and FIGURE 42: TRAM NETWORK WITH INDICATIVE EXTENSION TO SUTTON tram network extensions enhancing the attractiveness of the area Extensions of the tram network will for new developments. WANDSWORTH Wimbledon LAMBETH be considered where they enable the provision of new homes and jobs in In the longer term, a further extension South line with Good Growth principles, are beyond Sutton town centre to the Wimbledon supported by Local Plans and can be planned London Cancer Hub at Belmont, Birkbeck Beckenham Junction funded primarily through locally which may accommodate up to 10,000 MERTON derived sources. new jobs, will also be considered to Elmers Mitcham End support the full development of the site. Junction An extension to Sutton, shown in Figure could also run direct from Sutton West 42, is the first to be considered in this to Wimbledon, linking to Crossrail 2 Croydon context and further extensions will be and delivering a wider improvement in St Helier considered where they are consistent connectivity in south west London. Hospital with this approach. The Sutton extension East will be built on a north-south corridor Croydon CROYDON from Sutton town centre, with a Proposal 89 connection to the existing tram network The Mayor, through TfL and the SUTTON and to the wider public transport network boroughs, will use the tram network Sutton at the extension’s northern terminus. to enable Good Growth by:

It is expected to enable the provision a) Considering opportunities to New Addington of more than 10,000 new homes as well extend the network where they as new jobs in the area, following the would enable the provision of new principles of Good Growth. Sutton town homes and jobs, are supported 0 1 mile centre is a focus for many of these new by Local Plans and can be funded Existing Network Proposed network extension & new stop homes. The tram extension would also primarily through locally derived 0 1 km increase the number of jobs accessible sources, and to local residents by providing faster, more frequent connections to centres b) Exploring opportunities, with of employment. the of Sutton and Merton, for an extension to The extension will be delivered in line Sutton and potentially beyond, with the Healthy Streets Approach and including exploring innovative Vision Zero policies, providing better funding mechanisms.

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Unlocking growth potential through Bus transit improved bus services New types of services, including high- Increasing public transport quality bus transit, can unlock new areas connectivity across London for development (enabling housing Improvements to London’s bus densities akin to those associated network since 2000 have greatly with ). Bus transit services improved connectivity for many generally consist of enhanced vehicles parts of London and as a result have and infrastructure, for example high- supported population growth across capacity buses running on dedicated the city. Without this widespread uplift carriageways, but can also take the form in access to public transport, housing of continuous bus priority. densities would have been lower at many developments. Equally, if London A major benefit of bus transit is that, is to deliver enough homes to meet by providing fast, reliable, sustainable demand, the intensification of existing bus connections from the outset, it can suburban residential land will have to kick-start housing development ahead of play a role in growth. The bus network, investment in rail links to serve the area. therefore, is one of the greatest enablers This may require a different approach to of development potential. This is planning less well-connected areas to particularly true for locations away from provide investors with the confidence the immediate catchment area of rail and that other forms of public transport will Tube stations. be available in future.

Proposal 90 Proposal 91 The Mayor, through TfL and working The Mayor, through TfL and the with the boroughs, will complement boroughs, will pilot bus transit major transport infrastructure networks in outer London investment with improvements Opportunity Areas with the aim to local bus services, bus priority of bringing forward development, and bus infrastructure in order to either ahead of rail investment or enable high-density development to support growth in places without over a larger area and thus spread planned rail access. Consideration the benefits of the infrastructure will be given to pilots at locations investment further. including Bexley/Greenwich, Enfield, Havering and Hounslow.

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New bus connections In such areas, new services could offer FIGURE 43: AREAS THAT COULD BENEFIT FROM DEMAND-RESPONSIVE TRANSPORT SERVICES More diffuse growth can be supported the potential to reduce car ownership, by smaller improvements to the existing cater for more diverse trip patterns and network, including providing new routes respond to changing lifestyles. Coupled or enhancing or extending bus priority, with reduced car parking provision, this coupled with improvements for walking could support denser development in and cycling. For example, the benefits of areas where it has traditionally been more the Tunnel will be maximised difficult to provide more frequent public through the delivery of new cross-river transport. In conjunction with measures bus services, which will increase the to promote cycling and walking, demand- potential to deliver new housing and responsive services should deliver overall improve access to jobs. benefits for health and the environment. The flexible nature of these services could New demand-responsive bus services also support early transport provision It will be important to explore new in new areas of development, ahead of ‘mobility’ models (described in more permanent infrastructure/fixed routes. detail in Chapter six) that enable wider growth, for example demand-responsive services. This should be focused in outer Proposal 92 London, where more ‘conventional’ forms The Mayor, through TfL and the of public transport are less economically boroughs, will explore the role for viable and car dependency is higher. demand-responsive bus services to These areas, shown in Figure 43, often enable Good Growth, particularly in have relatively low PTALs. About one otherwise difficult-to-serve areas of third of Londoners live in areas with the outer London. lowest (0, 1a and 1b) PTALs. 0 5 miles

0 5 km Low public transport access & moderately high population density Areas that could potentially benefit from Demand-Responsive High levels of commuting by car Transport (DRT) services should be identified using a range of measures, depending on the type of area they are Outer London Opportunity Areas intended to serve

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Unlocking growth potential through A (DLR) FIGURE 44: POTENTIAL NEW BUS ROUTES ENABLED BY THE SILVERTOWN TUNNEL improved cross-river connectivity extension to would support A key means of improving the efficiency the development of thousands of new A1205 Towards Stratford of the transport network and unlocking homes in Newham, Greenwich and A112 growth potential is to eliminate physical Bexley, and could be delivered within A11 barriers to movement. The Thames ten years; other options being explored A124 A13

can in places present a barrier to include the potential for an extension A1011

Canning A117 easy movement, and therefore new of the London Overground from Barking A12 Town A13 river crossings would connect the Riverside, which would enable orbital rail communities on either side of it. trips in outer London. Poplar Towards A13 ExCeL A1020 Throughout London, increasing the In east London, there is also the potential number and capacity of public transport for new road crossings to reduce the links across the Thames will help to bring barriers to trade between east and Towards people together and improve access to south east London. The Silvertown Canary A112 Wharf Towards employment opportunities. The Elizabeth Tunnel will provide new bus links (see Proposed London City Silvertown Airport line will provide a new cross-river link Figure 44) as well as ensure that there Tunnel from south east London, and Crossrail 2 is a reliable and resilient road link A102 will create new links between south west between east and south east London. A206 Isle of Towards London and central London. It will include user charges on the new Dogs Charlton A200 crossing and on the to Woolwich

manage traffic demand. A206 Charlton

Towards

Greenwich A205

Greenwich Proposal 93 A2 The Mayor, through TfL, will continue is opened), to address the problems A207 to support the construction and of traffic congestion and associated operation of the Silvertown Tunnel, air pollution, frequent closures and together with the introduction of consequential delays, and the lack user charges on the Blackwall and of network resilience and reliability Towards Eltham Silvertown tunnels (once the latter at the Blackwall Crossing. A2 A20 Eltham 0 1 mile Potential bus routes enabled by the Silvertown Tunnel 0 1 km

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In central and inner London, new homes in the area. Walking and cycling Active travel and public transport Proposal 94 crossings for people walking and cycling crossings could help to support Good crossings will be the first choice for The Mayor, through TfL, will promote can help to connect local communities Growth and encourage more active further bridges and tunnels as they new walking, cycling and public and encourage healthier lifestyles. A new travel in other parts of London, and the support healthy, sustainable living, and transport river crossings where walking and cycling crossing between Mayor will encourage their development because public transport crossings in such infrastructure would accord and would where they are supported and led by particular have the unique potential to with the policies and proposals of give thousands of people a direct link the boroughs affected and where local unlock housing and jobs growth. this strategy. between and Canary funding is available. Wharf, and support jobs and new

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On the M25 orbital motorway, there Proposal 95 ‘In the context is already enormous pressure on Following the delivery of the d) In conjunction with the Silvertown the Dartford Crossing, an important Silvertown Tunnel, the Government’s Tunnel, the Government’s Lower of other measures artery for people and businesses in Lower Thames Crossing and the Thames Crossing and the DLR outer London. The new Lower Thames Docklands Light Railway (DLR) to Thamesmead, the proposal in this strategy to Crossing being proposed by the extension to Thamesmead, the Mayor would support Good Growth Government could help to reduce will give consideration to the case and reduce barriers to trade and promote a shift pressure on this important link. for further road crossings of the river employment between east and in east London where the following south east London. away from car use However, there are no road bridges or criteria are met: tunnels in outer east London. As east e) The proposal includes appropriate and to improve and south east London grow, further a) The proposal is shown to meet provision for people walking, road crossings in this part of London a growth and development need people cycling and public transport London’s air may be beneficial during the course of that cannot be met through the services (unless there is already this strategy. In the context of other provision of a public transport- alternative provision for these quality, any new measures in this strategy to promote a only crossing. users nearby). shift away from car use and to improve road crossings London’s air quality, any new road b) The proposal has been developed f) Legal limits for air quality are crossings would need to have a strong through engagement with all met, and there would be no would need to have public transport element and to meet the affected boroughs, and its location significant adverse air quality broader criteria set out in Proposal 95. and utility are determined by impacts at sensitive receptors, a strong public Any decision on future crossings would reference to demand and including schools. be considered only once the effects of growth modelling. transport element.’ the Silvertown Tunnel, the Government’s g) The use of the river for the Lower Thames Crossing, the planned c) The proposal is consistent with movement of freight will be public transport crossings and other the Mayor’s overall vision for a maintained and protected. improvements in the area, and the healthy city, and includes provision Mayor’s air quality measures are known. for a mechanism to ensure that any negative impacts of the likely volume of traffic carried can be managed within relevant environmental limits.

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FOCUS ON: NEW HOMES AND JOBS ON TRANSPORT LAND

Surplus land town centres and in accessible locations Development at TfL stations and Decking over roads and other TfL is the owner of substantial areas within suburban areas, development will other co-location opportunities transport infrastructure of public land in London. In order to aim to meet the Good Growth principles, There are also opportunities to co-locate Large roads and other transport facilitate delivery of much needed and the revenue raised will be reinvested transport and homes or jobs as has been infrastructure can divide communities, housing, the Mayor intends to ensure into the transport network to benefit done at Hammersmith and Westminster create air pollution hotspots and take that TfL surplus land is used to maximise all Londoners. Tube stations. Given the amount of up a lot of land that could be used for affordable housing and so reduce operational land TfL holds, significant housing or to support jobs growth. the inequalities in housing provision The development of TfL’s surplus sites numbers of homes and jobs could be ‘Decking over’ is a method of building for those who are from low-income will also act as a catalyst to other land delivered in future, for example, by across underpasses or rebuilding roads households, younger people and owners, particularly those in the public developing housing over or around bus or other transport infrastructure into disabled people. sector, to bring forward their sites. and rail stations or depots. In developing tunnels, so the land above becomes Where appropriate, TfL will work with innovative approaches to mixed-use usable for other types of development. By 2020/21, TfL will start on the property adjoining public sector land owners to redevelopment, the Mayor and TfL can This is expensive to do and must be development sites that will deliver maximise development opportunities. lead the way in showing other land carefully managed. Early feasibility 10,000 homes. The Mayor intends owners and businesses how to maximise studies suggest that there may be an that, overall, 50 per cent of homes (as homes and jobs as sites around the opportunity at Barking on the A13 to measured by habitable rooms) built on Proposal 96 capital are redeveloped. Higher-density deck over a section of highway. This TfL land and brought to market since May The Mayor, through TfL, will redevelopment at sites with low-density could allow an area that has been 2016 will be affordable. consider, when surplus transport uses such as retail parks (including blighted by noise and poor air quality to land becomes available, its supermarkets) could support London’s be made a more pleasant place to live, TfL has brought forward four schemes accessibility to the transport growth sustainably. while also yielding land for new growth. in 2016-17 (at , Fenwick, network and its potential for the This scheme would be funded by the Landmark Court and Blackhorse Road) development of sustainable, development unlocked. which are on target to deliver, overall, affordable housing. Any capital Proposal 97 more than 50 per cent affordable homes. receipts generated from the sale The Mayor, through TfL, will Many more surplus sites will be brought of TfL surplus land shall be pursue opportunities for mixed- Proposal 98 forward over the next four years and allocated to TfL’s transport use development and The Mayor, through TfL and working beyond. Given their locations, most of investment programme. redevelopment in and around with the relevant boroughs, will them being within Opportunity Areas, operational sites such as rail or bus examine the feasibility of decking stations to deliver much-needed over the A13 at Barking and assess housing and regeneration, while the case for its potential to support continuing to protect, and enhance new homes and jobs, and to improve where practicably possible, the character of the surrounding transport operations. environment for the benefit of existing communities.

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FIGURE 45: ‘FOCUS AREAS’: WHERE TRANSPORT IS THE ENABLER Crossrail 2 and the Lee Valley Barriers to more localised movement OF SIGNIFICANT CHANGE TO AN AREA Maximising the housing, employment (for example east-west connectivity) and mode shift potential of the Lee must be addressed to support growth See Figure 46 Valley requires significant transport and enable behaviour change towards investment, including faster and more more active modes of travel that also Enfield frequent public transport connections support the local economy. Transforming Barnet to more destinations and embedding the way local people see walking and Wood active, efficient and sustainable travel cycling will depend on delivering new Green See Figure 49 patterns from the start through good routes and enhancing the experience of Romford design and place-making. walking or cycling through improvements Harrow to the public realm and excellent place- See Figure 50 Stratford Upminster Barking Crossrail 2 will support 200,000 new making. A particular focus will need to See Figure 48 Ealing Old Oak homes and 200,000 jobs along its route be put on ensuring better access to the and has the potential to transform the poorly connected but newly emerging

Heathrow accessibility and growth potential of neighbourhoods of , Lea the Lee Valley and its local centres. Bridge/Leyton and north east Enfield. Lewisham Hounslow Clapham Dartford Early upgrades of the West Anglia Main Junction Line in advance of Crossrail 2 could The Crossrail 2 corridor also provides Kingston accelerate the delivery of this growth. excellent opportunities to support Croydon Bromley Long-term planning for Good Growth is growth beyond London’s boundaries, necessary in order to phase the delivery building on existing synergies, including Sutton of homes and jobs alongside investment as part of the London Stansted See Figure 47 in the railway. Cambridge Consortium. Central Activities Zone See Figure 51 To reach its full potential and optimise Figure 46 sets out the main transport 0 5 miles Opportunity Areas the places it serves, Crossrail 2 will proposals to support new jobs and London 0 5 km need to be complemented by a network homes in the Lee Valley. of streets that enable and encourage walking and cycling and deliver a reliable and clean bus and freight network.

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FIGURE 46: TRANSPORT PROPOSALS FOR HOMES AND JOBS IN THE LEE VALLEY

To Broxbourne & New neighbourhoods connections to Crossrail 2 in south west London Currently, off-peak and weekend public Stansted Airport Opportunity Areas M25 The growth enabled by Crossrail 2 transport services can be poor in areas Waltham will be delivered using the principles of outer London, creating a cultural Cross London M25 of the Healthy Streets Approach to reliance on car ownership and travel. Proposed Crossrail 2 create ‘Liveable Neighbourhoods’. It Complementary measures for Crossrail route/station will promote active forms of movement 2 will aim to tackle this bias towards car Eneld Lock Proposed Crossrail 2 by densifying town centres and use by improving public transport links North East route options

0 Eneld around stations, alongside targeted between outer London town centres, Potential future Crossrail 2 A1 eastern branch improvements in walking, cycling and providing accessible multi-modal Eneld Brimsdown Cockfosters National rail the public realm. interchanges, as well as enhancing VictoriaLoughton line walking and cycling access to local This will be further supported by co- services and destinations to reduce Ponders Central line End ordination of land use, transport and the need to travel long distances. Other Underground lines Southgate Chingford regeneration activity in south west These interventions will lead to many London Overground London, implementing borough- more people building walking and Elizabeth line level traffic reduction strategies, and cycling into their daily lives and so (under construction) improving existing links and ‘feeder’ bus help to tackle reliance on cars in outer New Proposed HS2 line and tram services to Crossrail 2 stations. London, reducing health inequalities Southgate A406 Meridian Road Angel by encouraging active travel, improving Water Woodford Wood Road A406 Existing or planned Rail capacity into central London the environment and supporting Green cycle routes A10 will be radically improved by Crossrail 2. local economies. Wood Northumberland Crossrail 2 indicativeM11 alignment 2015 Alexandra (subject to change) This will relieve crowding on existing Palace south west rail routes and provide new Figure 47 sets out the main transport Tottenham Hale direct connections. proposals to support new jobs and Turnpike Lane Walthamstow homes in south west London.

Seven A12 Crouch Sisters End

A4 Leyton 0 Ilford 6 A503 Lee Valley

A1 Eastside A1

0 Dalston 2 A1

Camden Dalston Town King’s Cross Stratford St Pancras Barking Angel 0 2 miles Euston Euston St Pancras 0 2 km

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FIGURE 47: TRANSPORT PROPOSALS FOR HOMES AND JOBS IN SOUTH WEST LONDON

e s Clapham T h a m Heathrow Clapham Richmond Junction Putney Hounslow

Twickenham Feltham Earlseld Balham

Fulwell Tooting T h Broadway a m e s Wimbledon Kempton Teddington Park Norbury Sunbury-on-Thames Kingston Raynes Hampton Wick Hampton Norbiton Park Merton Upper Halliford New Malden Hampton Court Mitcham Morden Molesey Berrylands Motspur Park Shepperton

Thames Ditton

Maldon Worcester Park Manor Tolworth Croydon

Opportunity Areas Bus routes feeding Crossrail 2 stations

Indicative development potential Underground related to Crossrail 2 London Overground Chessington North London Stoneleigh Tram

Proposed Crossrail 2 route/station Tram extension preferred route Sutton

Proposed Crossrail 2 route options National rail Claygate Chessington South

Existing or planned cycle routes Ewell West 0 2 miles To Epsom Crossrail 2 indicative alignment 2015 (subject to change ) 0 2 km

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Inner East London and the At present, the Thames contributes to Significant growth is expected across this problem by acting as a barrier to Inner East London to 2041, with the movement, particularly for journeys by potential to deliver more than 100,000 foot and cycle. Feasibility studies are new homes and 170,000 new jobs. under way for a new walking and cycling Within this, the northern part of the Isle crossing from Rotherhithe to Canary of Dogs will continue to act as a global Wharf. To optimise its potential to change employment hub, at Canary Wharf. travel behaviour and encourage more active forms of travel, any crossing will Despite significant transport need to be supported by improvements improvements, such as the Elizabeth to the surrounding walking and cycle line from 2019, crowding is predicted networks in order to change the attitude to worsen on all routes into the area. towards these modes. New and updated Further investment is needed to continue piers and a cross-river ferry from North to support growth and serve existing Greenwich will also mean more river communities, and so options for further services in east and central London. enhancements to the network as well as The Silvertown Tunnel will deliver a new connections must be considered. fundamental change in cross-river Current proposals include DLR fleet bus services. replacement and improved services, upgrade, and an improved Figure 48 sets out the main transport bus and cycle network to enable greater proposals to support new jobs and travel choice and enhance bus reliability. homes in Inner East London and the However, congestion on public transport Isle of Dogs. and the street network is unlikely to reduce without a focus on behaviour change that enables and encourages people to choose to walk and cycle for short and medium-length journeys.

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FIGURE 48: TRANSPORT PROPOSALS FOR HOMES AND JOBS IN INNER EAST LONDON AND THE ISLE OF DOGS

Star Lane Green Whitechapel Barbican Riv er Le a Liverpool St Aldgate Canning Town Street East Langdon Pauls Park Bank Limehouse Aldgate Poplar Custom Fenchurch House Cannon Street Street Tower Royal East Victoria Gateway Shadwell All Saints Mansion House Monument Westferry India Blackwall East India Poplar Emirates Dock Basin Royal Docks Central Activities Zone Tower Hill North of Isle of Dogs area Canary Royal Victoria Dock LondoTowen r Canary Wharf Opportunity Areas Wharf Canary Bridge Wapping Doubletree Wharf City St Katherine Docklands North Greenwich Whitechapel Wapping Nelson Dock London Heron West ElizabethBridge line/station T Quays Emirates Silvertown (under construction) h West India Greenwich a m Docks e s Rotherhithe Peninsula Silvertown Rotherhithe River pier South Quay North Canada ProposedBoroug newh ferry route & pier Greenwich Water T h a m Proposed new river pier e s Proposed Silvertown Tunnel Crossharbour Greenland Proposed Rotherhithe to Bermondsey Surrey Canary Wharf foot/cycle bridge Quays Proposed Isle of Elephant & Castle Dogs NationalOld Kent rail Road 1 Mudchute

Jubilee line Island Gardens All other Underground lines

London Overground Masthouse on South Te rrace Bermondsey Proposed New Bermondsey New Greenwich London Overground station Foot Tunnel Bermondsey Docklands Light Railway Greenwich Westcombe Cutty Park Sark Emirates Air Line Maze Hill Road Deptford Greenwich Road tunnel 0 ½ mile

Existing or planned cycle routes Deptford Greenwich 0 500 metres

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Outer East London and the in DLR rolling stock and increasing Thames corridor capacity to the Docklands area. Further Outer East London and the Thames work is being carried out to understand corridor have long been identified as what transport infrastructure is needed having substantial potential for housing to support the growth in the Thames and employment growth, but progress corridor in the medium and long term. has been limited by poor public This includes options for walking and transport connections. There is cycling enhancements, new rail links potential for a further 250,000 new and local bus improvements. It also homes and 200,000 new jobs within the includes the reduction of the severance GLA boundary over the next 20 years, caused by the A13, by putting a section subject to there being improvements to of it into a tunnel. transport connectivity and capacity, and a reduction in the barriers to movement It is essential that the Healthy Streets in the area presented by the Thames and Approach is applied to any regeneration local waterways. activity, to support a shift away from the car to walking, cycling and public TfL’s planned extension of the in these places and to enable Overground to will Good Growth. New developments support the delivery of 11,000 new should come forward in tandem with the homes that would otherwise not have provision of new transport links, and so been viable. In addition, a further 55,000 high-quality, reliable bus connections homes and 50,000 jobs are planned along will be fundamental to delivering and the proposed route corridor of a potential stimulating regeneration ahead of new extension of the Elizabeth line in Bexley rail links. and North Kent (as shown in Figure 40), of which at least 20,000 homes would be The Mayor recognises the importance of directly unlocked by the scheme. river crossings in east London to support new homes and employment in an area The Elizabeth line will boost the area’s with significant growth potential. Options connectivity, and investment is already for new crossings are being examined, under way to continue to transform old with the priority on improving public industrial land into new neighbourhoods, transport links across the river. while providing the necessary supporting transport infrastructure. Figure 49 sets out the main transport proposals to support new jobs and TfL is already investing in capacity homes in Outer East London and the enhancements such as the upgrade Thames corridor.

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FIGURE 49: TRANSPORT PROPOSALS FOR HOMES AND JOBS IN OUTER EAST

LONDON AND THE THAMESBlackhorse CORRIDOR Turnpike Lane Road Seven A12 Sisters Tottenham Gidea A127 A127 Hale Park Walthamstow Central Chadwell A406 Heath Romford Romford Seven A12 Kings

A10 Ilford Upminster Forest Stratford Gate Manor Park Upminster Dalston International Maryland Dalston Barking

Stratford Proposed A13 Dagenham Barking Tunnel Opportunity Areas Beam Angel Park London Barking M25 A11 West Ham ShoreditchBethnal Riverside Whitechapel A12 A13 LiverpoolHighElizabeth Street Greenline Canning A1020 Street(under construction) Potential Aldgate Town Beckton Lower Roding BankCityAldgateEast FenchurchPotential Street Elizabeth line A13 Crossing A13 extensionTower Potential TowerGateway Custom Belvedere House London City Crossing LondonHillWapping Overground Airport Potential A13 London Gallions Thamesmead Bridge Proposed London Waterloo Borough Proposed Crossing Bermondsey Canary Woolwich Lambeth North Overground extension & new Silvertown Belvedere Wharf Tunnel Ferry BarkingBermondsey Riverside stationCanada A102 Elephant Old Castle Kent Road 1 Water Potential London Abbey m e Grays T h a s Kennington Overground extension Woolwich Wood Charlton Arsenal Old Kent New Purfleet DocklandsRoad Light 2 Railway Cross Woolwich Grays Potential Docklands Light ueens Road A205 Railway extensions Greenwich A2 A2 New Tilbury Proposed Bakerloo line Slade Green Lewisham A282 Dartford PeckhamPeckham Cross Bexleyheath extension Gate Crossing Tilbury Loughborough Peckham Town BrixtonJunctionDenmarkNational railRye Hill East BrixtonBrixton Proposed Beam Park station A20 Proposed Lower Eltham A2 Thames Crossing Herne Underground Dartford A21 Hill Eltham Gravesend Ebbsfleet A205 International Dartford Road A205 Tulse Hill West Dulwich Tulse Hill Catford Road tunnel A2 Gravesend A20 Proposed road tunnel Sidcup West A21 0 2 miles Norwood Potential or proposed Thames crossings M25 0 2 km

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Old Oak and Opportunity The development area at Old Oak There is already congestion on the Area – interchange between HS2, presents a unique opportunity to surrounding highway network, particularly the Elizabeth line and the Great champion and implement the Healthy on the A40 and A406. The road network Western Main Line Streets Approach, using the principles will need to be proactively managed to Significant investment in transport of Good Growth to base development minimise the impact of development, infrastructure at the area around Old around active, healthy lives. especially during construction works. Oak could act as a catalyst for unlocking High-quality public transport, walking and development opportunities. At present, the , cycling facilities, and limits on car parking railway lines and changes in level across are essential to encourage mode shift There is space to create 25,500 new the area create barriers to walking and away from cars. homes and 65,000 jobs for Londoners, cycling, and significant amounts of making this one of the biggest growth development are proposed for which Development of this growth area is areas in the city and the largest public transport capacity and safe anticipated to happen over many years regeneration area in the UK. and convenient walking and cycling and transport proposals will need to be Neighbouring the Old Oak development routes do not currently exist. It is flexible enough to respond to changes area is Park Royal, Europe's largest essential that a new street network is in technology and behaviours. It is also industrial estate, which needs to be developed using the Healthy Streets essential that the needs of businesses protected, supported and intensified Approach to make walking and cycling at Park Royal and existing residential through good transport infrastructure. the first choice across the area. This communities around the site are met will require a series of new bridges and during construction and development. A new Old Oak station served by underpasses and careful consideration TfL will work with stakeholders to HS2, the and of how the proposed Old Oak High Street consider a complementary package the Elizabeth line is set to open in 2026. is delivered, ensuring it is able to link of transport investment, including the This key strategic interchange will help into all existing and proposed stations. opportunities to connect with London to relieve pressure at Euston by allowing High-quality and reliable bus links to and Overground and Underground services, people to change between these lines through the area from existing residential a potential new service before reaching central London, and communities will also be required to to Old Oak, and new bus, walking and act as a national and international ensure that everyone benefits from the cycling links through the site, with gateway for travellers arriving from proposals at Old Oak. High-density, flexible multi-purpose streets. HS2 and Heathrow. The West London mixed-use development will mean that Orbital line will significantly improve local amenities are within walking and Figure 50 sets out the main transport orbital connectivity from Old Oak to cycling distance, and exceptional public proposals to support new homes and jobs north west and south west London. transport links for longer journeys will at Old Oak and Park Royal. reduce the need to use cars.

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FIGURE 50: TRANSPORT PROPOSALS FOR HOMES AND JOBS AT OLD OAK AND PARK ROYAL

Roundwood Opportunity Areas Park GrAlpereen spacton e

Elizabeth line (under construction) & proposed new station A406 Proposed HS2 line & proposed G ra Alperton n new station d U n Harlesden London Overground io Kensal n Canal Kensal Rise Potential new London Green Overground stations A406 Willesden Potential London Overground Junction extension (West London Orbital Rail)

National rail

Underground A40 Road Kensal Hanger Hythe Green Cycle routes Lane G St Mary’s RC ra d Un Road Cemetery n io Cemetery n Potential new cycling routes C a n al Park Old Oak Common Royal Victoria Road Old Oak A40 Common Lane

North HS2 Acton Old Oak Common Wormwood Scrubs

A406 North Kensington

Ladbroke Grove Acton Ealing Main Line West North Acton East Ealing Acton

A40 Latimer White Road

A406 City White Ealing City Broadway

Ealing 0 ½ mile Common Ealing Acton Wood Common Lane 0 500 metres

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Devolution and London’s suburban Trams provide a high-quality link between In most places, the focus will be on metro in south London Wimbledon and Croydon, and connect increasing the density of existing land Historically, south London’s growth has with the existing and future planned uses rather than converting industrial been constrained by the nature of its rail rail services to central London. Large land (which is in scarce supply compared connections, and much of the area has increases in patronage are expected over to other parts of the city) to housing. low-density housing, with opportunities the next 20 years, and various options In some areas, it may be possible to for intensification. There is a limited for expansion are being considered, in consider the potential consolidation Underground network in the region and particular, an extension to Sutton, which and co-location of industrial activities much of that network is overcrowded. would support the delivery of at least to enable the release of land for high- Where good rail connections do exist, 10,000 new homes and improve public density development while maintaining they serve a wide catchment area, transport accessibility to Sutton town the amount of floor-space available causing commuters to use cars to reach centre and St Helier Hospital. for industry. stations and adding to congestion on the streets in these areas. TfL will work with the GLA, boroughs Figure 51 sets out the main transport and other stakeholders to better proposals to support new homes and Crossrail 2 will add significant capacity co-ordinate land use and transport jobs in south London. to the network and enable densification planning activity around stations in south of town centres such as Kingston and London, which will aid regeneration, Wimbledon. The proposed Bakerloo line increase the delivery of new jobs and extension would also put south east homes and integrate them better with London on the and underpin the local and wider area. By improving the development of 25,000 new homes the environment for walking, cycling and and 5,000 new jobs. public transport users, these will become the default modes of choice for travel Devolution of the south London rather than the use of cars. rail networks would bring about an immediate improvement in service There will also be focused transport quality for existing users across a investment at ‘strategic hubs’, such as wide area. This could be followed by Clapham Junction and Lewisham, to upgrades to signalling, track and optimise customer experience, improve stations to further enhance frequency connectivity between town centres and and therefore capacity. improve accessibility by extending the reach of the step-free network.

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FIGURE 51: TRANSPORT PROPOSALS FOR HOMES AND JOBS IN SOUTH LONDON

Acton Elephant Town & Castle Canada Water Kew T Victoria h Bridge a m Kennington e Charlton Woolwich Gunnersbury Kings s Arsenal West Brompton Road Vauxhall Chelsea Peckham Rye Heathrow Syon New Greenwich Terminals Lane Cross New Cross 2 & 3 Gate Mortlake Barnes Richmond Falconwood Brockley East Lewisham North Putney Clapham Dulwich Sheen Brixton Hounslow East Putney Junction Honor Eltham Heathrow Herne Oak Park Terminal 4 Hill Hither Catford Catford Green New Twickenham West Bridge Eltham Streatham Dulwich Feltham Hill Forest Mottingham Balham Tulse Hill Grove Hill Park Fulwell Beckenham T West h a Tooting Hill m Norwood e Wimbledon Broadway Streatham s Elmstead Woods Teddington Crystal Palace Bromley North Norbury Chislehurst Kingston Beckenham Hampton Raynes Junction Park Court Bickley New Morden Mitcham Bromley Malden Junction Elmers End South Motspur Selhurst Eden Park Shepperton Park Arena Maldon Petts Surbiton St Helier West Woods Manor Croydon West Wickham

Worcester Hayes Indicative development potential Park Sutton related to transport infrastructure Common Sandilands Tolworth Opportunity Areas Waldon East Carshalton Croydon South Addington London Croydon Village Wallington Proposed Crossrail 2 route Chessington Proposed Crossrail 2 route options South

National rail Belmont New Addington Underground Tram Purley

Northern line extension Tram extension Epsom (under construction) preferred route

Proposed Bakerloo line extension Docklands Light Railway Kenley Epsom Coulsdon London Overground Elizabeth line Downs Town 0 2 miles (under construction) Crossrail 2 indicative alignment 2015 (subject to change) 0 2 km

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FOCUS ON: GETTING THE PLANNING PROCESS RIGHT

Delivering Good Growth depends on the growth, new development must be FIGURE 52: DELIVERING GOOD GROWTH planning process. It requires clear policy expected to contribute to funding GoodDELIVERING land use GOOD planning GROWTH enables the delivery of enhanced and increased public transport and at all levels, with targets for mode share it. Public sector funds can unlock activeGood land travel use provision. planning Transport enables the services delivery and of infrastructure enhanced and in increasedturn shape public the city transport through and (such as through OAPF) and enhanced development and leverage further enablingactive travel high-density provision. development Transport services and liveable and infrastructure neighbourhoods in turn where shape people the city want through to live and environmental standards, securing private funding. TfL’s Growth Fund work.enabling This high-density is the cycle developmentof Good Growth. and liveable neighbourhoods where people want to live and work. This is the cycle of good growth. funding for transport from increased land supports the delivery of transport values, and working with authorities and schemes that accelerate housing communities, in and outside London. delivery and unlock development and regeneration opportunities in London’s Using land use planning to achieve sustainable travel: The London Plan is the spatial strategy growth areas. The Fund allows TfL to for growth, with policies to ensure new deliver beneficial development that Maximised densities Ambitious local and focused growth mode share targets development delivers Good Growth. might otherwise be unviable. TfL works Given the importance of transport with the GLA to allocate this Fund to Supportive Enhanced tools Freight servicing infrastructure to support and unlock appropriate projects. London Plan and data such included in policies as WebCAT design

Proposal 99 Planning process: Travel Space can be used This shapes Plans and Transport flexibly as needs The Mayor, through TfL, the boroughs, c) Use public sector funding, such as Assessments change the city This shapes the planning authorities beyond London TfL’s Growth Fund, for smaller scale Transport can direct type of growth and other delivery agencies, will: transport schemes that help directly where growth happens, Land use planning can unlock growth create high-density unlock the creation of new homes potential, deliver mixed-use places, a) Develop mechanisms for co- and jobs, and leverage funding for regeneration embed active travel and enable and support greater ordinating planning and investment such purposes from other sources. high-density, less public transport use. car-dependent Providing additional sustainable travel options: along transport growth corridors, development. building on approaches such as d) Embed Good Growth principles in Getting the street the London Stansted Cambridge TfL assessment of development New rail and bus links network right Corridor and Old Kent Road. proposals and Transport

Assessment requirements, and ULEV More capacity on Local as well as infrastructure buses and making b) Develop Opportunity Area Planning then use and apply them. strategic transport and low emission the most of the networks Frameworks with ambitious mode zones rail network shares for walking, cycling and e) Update TfL’s Travel Plan guidance Enhanced interchange New options such as public transport, maximising the to ensure developments and improved or new demand-responsive use of investment in transport encourage active, efficient and stations transport infrastructure and services. sustainable travel, apply the Healthy Streets Approach and help deliver carbon-free transport.

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Public transport links to airports • Increased frequencies on rail services London’s airports play a vital role to Southend airport in maintaining and enhancing its international connectivity for both • New automated people-mover to passengers and freight. Improved public better connect with the transport links, notably rail, have a key rail network role to play in making the best use of existing capacity while supporting a shift In addition to these major schemes, to more active, efficient and sustainable improvements to bus, coach, cycling and ways of travelling. walking facilities have a valuable part to play in improving access to all six of Improvements should include: London’s airports. These enhancements • New, longer trains for Gatwick and will help to integrate the airports into Luton airports as part of the Thameslink the wider public transport network, Programme and enabling passengers and staff to make upgrade, followed by the next phase of better use of them. All surface access upgrade and redevelopment of Gatwick improvements should be planned based Airport station on the principle that airport operators provide a fair share of funding. • Upgrading the serving Stansted airport, including four-tracking, to be followed by Proposal 100 increasing frequencies associated The Mayor will promote the with Crossrail 2 improvement of surface links to London’s airports, with airport • Enabling new routes and frequencies operators contributing a fair share to , with the delivery of the funding required. of the Elizabeth line

• Further introduction of full-length and more frequent DLR services to

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FOCUS ON: THE UNACCEPTABLE IMPACT OF EXPANDING HEATHROW

The Government announced its Moreover, it would be unacceptable if the in highway trips’ is not credible and Any proposals must ensure that they can preference for a new north west runway air quality gains secured by the Mayor would place further pressure on already deliver significant additional capacity at Heathrow in October 2016. This would and the potential noise improvements congested streets, including through the and connectivity that are capable both increase the airport’s current cap by as a result of new technologies were not increase in freight vehicles that would of attracting sufficient passenger and more than 50 per cent, from 480,000 allowed to accrue to local communities result from any expansion. staff trips that would otherwise be made flights to 740,000 flights per year. The to improve public health, but were in cars and taxis, and of accommodating Mayor is engaging with the planning instead used to enable expansion of If the aspiration for no new highway the additional demand. This cannot be process around Heathrow expansion to Heathrow airport. trips is achieved, this would result in at the expense of non-airport trips and ensure his fundamental concerns are an increase in public transport trips of services, nor should it erode the ability of raised and addressed. more than 250 per cent. But without the transport network – including already Policy 22 significant new infrastructure, it will place planned schemes – to enable growth. The demand generated by the current The Mayor will continue to oppose severe strain on the public transport airport combined with local traffic expansion of Heathrow airport networks that serve the airport. Existing There is an important role for already place considerable strain on the unless it can be shown that no committed schemes such as the improvements to bus, cycling and roads and railways serving the airport new noise or air quality harm Elizabeth line and the walking infrastructure serving the airport, and contribute to levels of NO2 that would result and the benefits of upgrade – designed to support London’s particularly for staff journeys. It is also are well in exceedance of legal limits. future regulatory and technology population growth – will not be able to essential that the access for disabled The Mayor considers that, as a result improvements would be fairly accommodate this increase. Delivering people to the airport is improved. of the additional flights and associated shared with affected communities. the shift to public transport requires traffic, any expansion at Heathrow would Any such expansion must also Government commitment to further significantly impair London’s ability to demonstrate how the surface schemes to provide sufficient additional Proposal 101 meet international air quality obligations access networks will be invested capacity and connectivity, notably: The Mayor will: in the shortest possible timescale and in to accommodate the resultant would contribute to an overall worsening additional demand alongside • A western rail link to Heathrow – direct a) Work with industry partners of air quality relative to the situation background growth. services from the Thames Valley: and stakeholders to assess without expansion. , and Reading options for surface access to Heathrow, and Heathrow already exposes more people The forecast additional airport-related • A southern rail link to Heathrow to significant aircraft noise than its five highway trips are an essential component – direct services via a route with b) Seek a commitment from main European rivals combined, and the of the air quality impacts and one that sufficient spare capacity from central, Government to fund and deliver proposed increase in flights cannot avoid any expansion would have to address. south and south west London, as well within an appropriate timescale many people being newly exposed to Without significant rail investment, the as Surrey the extensive transport measures significant noise. airport’s aspiration for ‘no net increase required to support the expansion of Heathrow.

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