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Seloka: Jurnal Pendidikan Bahasa dan Sastra Indonesia 8 (2) (2019) : 7 – 13 https://journal.unnes.ac.id/sju/index.php/seloka/article/view/19547 Dawan Language Shift in Amanuban Society in Family Context Dian Sidiarna Nenoliu¹ & Hari Bakti Mardikantoro2 ¹ STKIP SoE, Nusa Tenggara Timur, Indonesia ² Universitas Negeri Semarang, Indonesia Article Info Abstract ________________ ___________________________________________________________________ History Articles The purpose of this study are to explain form of language shift and to find out of Received: facor that be background in Dawanese shifting in Amanuban society in South November 2017 Accepted: Central Timor regnancy. Data are collected by using SLC (simak libat cakap) December 2017 and it is continued by using recording taking note method. Data analysis is done Published: is some stages, there are data collection, data reduction, data resentation, and August 2019 ________________ conclusion. The results is this study are Dawanese has got shifting in Amanuban Keywords: society through: (a) words, (b) phrases, (c) sentences, and factors that be dawanese, background in Dawanese shifting, through (a) ages, (b) mixed marriage, factor of language shifting, (c) occupation, and (d) mobility population. Based on the results above, form of language shift, language shifting Dawanese shifting happened in Amanuban society especially in family can be ____________________ seen from form of language, there are words, phrases, and sentences. The main factor cause Dawanese shifting is education factor that rise another language. DOI https://doi.org/10.15294 /seloka.v8i2.19547 © 2019 Universitas Negeri Semarang Correspondence address: p-ISSN 2301-6744 Karang Siri, Soe, Timor Tengah Selatan, e-ISSN 2502-4493 Nusa Tenggara Timur, 85511 E-mail: : [email protected] 7 Dian Sidiarna Nenoliu & Hari Bakti Mardikantoro Seloka: Jurnal Pendidikan Bahasa dan Sastra Indonesia 8 (2) (2019) : 7 – 13 INTRODUCTION Amanuban, Amanatun and Molo tribe. Dawan language has been bound to the underlying The relationship between language and sociocultural context.Dawan language describes cultures has become interesting topic of one of the characters of its speaker which consider conversation that caught the attention of of having culture. linguistic experts especially in sociolinguistics. Rokhman (2009) stated that interaction Fasold (1984) stated that sociolinguistics between two tribes or two races that bring their become a subject because there are options in own languages will slowly cause language language use. Fasold illustrated it with competition. Furthermore, Rizkiansyah, and multilingual society which referred to the reality Rustono (2017) stated that the more positive that there are variations of language use in language attitude of a speaker, the more the society. Related to that matter, in such situation speaker’s language will be preserved. On the there are lingual, social, and cultural interactions opposite, the more negative the seaker’s language that demand every members of speaker society to attitude the more the speaker’s language have sociolinguistics competence to choose the existence will be threatened. language in a certain speaking event. Budiarta (2009) stated that compared to Mardikantoro (2012) stated that language other local languages, Dawan language isa local spoken by a certain speaker society in its language language that is quite widely used in East Nusa vocabulary always has variations. It is due to the Tenggara. Dawan language is the language used reality that language that lives in a society is by Dawan tribe who resides in most of Timor always used by its speakers’ social roles. In region with quite vast spreading area. Dawan accordance to that Poedjosoedarmo (in Suwito language holds a very important role in the life of 1991) stated that the influence of social and Dawan society because it is an inseparable from situational factors may create variations in the Dawan culture itself. Therefore it is an language choices. Social factors behind the obligation for the Dawan society to preserve the variations of language choices include level of Dawan language. This language is also called Uab education, type of occupation, age, and social Meto or Molok Meto by its speakers which is status difference. Dawan tribe or Atoin Meto. Widianto, and Zulaeha (2016) stated that This research aimed to explain the shifting language choice occurs because of the presence of of Dawan language in Amanuban society, also to bilingualism .Bilingualism can create language find out the factors which underlie the occurrence choices in the form of code switching or code of language shift in Amanuban society in South mixing. Besides, language choice also happen Central Timor Regency. because there is a certain goal that the speaker The object of this study is the Amanuban wants to achieve. society (East Amanuban, West Amanuban, Makrdikantoro (2017) stated that the South Amanuban and Central Amanuban). concession in the use of language as the result of The reason the researcher choose that locations the existence of social and situational factors does is because there are three languages in Amanuban not mean the liberty to breal language rules but it society which are (1) Dawan language, is meant to adapt the language choice or language (2) Indonesian language (3) Kupang language variation with social problems of the speakers that make possible for Dawan language to be himself or in the language society level. replaced. The society of South Central Timor is a multilingual society who has more than two METHODS languages, which are Dawan language, Indonesian and Kupang language. Dawan This study used theoretical and language (uabmeto) is the mother tongue or local methodological approaches. The theoretical language which is used by three tribes which are approach of this study was sociolinguistics while 8 Dian Sidiarna Nenoliu & Hari Bakti Mardikantoro Seloka: Jurnal Pendidikan Bahasa dan Sastra Indonesia 8 (2) (2019) : 7 – 13 the methodological approach used was techniques; reducing data, clarifying data, descriptive qualitative or naturalistic study describing data, presenting data, concluding the because the study was conducted in natural result of data analysis and interpreting all setting. Bogdan, and Taylor (Moleong, 2013) information and data obtained selectively. stated that qualitative method as a research Data presentation is a technique or method procedure that produce descriptive data in the to present a set of data that have been analyzed. form of written or spoken words from the people The writing of the data analysis obviously or attitude that can be observed. required readability, so that it can be easily The data of this study were the utterances understood by readers. According to Sudaryanto of Amanuban society that had undergone Dawan (2015) the method known as rule analysis language shift and the source of the data was in presentation result method, divided into two the form of Amanuban society’s utterances. which are informal and formal presentation The data collection in this study was method. Informal method is used to formulate conducted naturally (natural setting), which was the result of analysis in the form of ordinary in Amanuban society who was presumed to had words, while the formal method is used to done language shift. The data collection used formulate the result of analysis in the form of listening method to obtain the primary data and signs and symbols. interview method to obtain secondary data. Sudaryanto (2015) mentioned that the RESULTS AND DISCUSSION characteristic of participate-while-listen is the recognition and awareness of researcher’s Based on the findings in the field Dawan involvement in the proces of speaking by trhe language shift in Amanuban society in family concrete speaking partner; and simultaneously, context there were many linguistic form. The the speaking partner totally unaware that the part linguistic form which was analyzed in every which was focused on was not the content of the utterance including: word form, phrase form and conversation but the language used by the sentence form. speaking partner. Thus, the researchers was (1) Context: The speaking event happened in a directly involved in the conversation. This familybetween a child and his mother. Topic technique is called “simak libat cakap (involve of the conversation is a mother who told her listen speak) technique or SLC technique, with child to drink the medicine because he was ill. researcher own self as the instrument which was (2) directly involved in forming and making the P1 : Muah hen ai ‘fekahaf? potential data to emerge. Have you eaten?’ P2 : Fe’ kahaf. Mautfes, au’ ‘fe ka umnahaf. When the interview and involve listen ‘Not yet. Later, I’m not hungry yet.’ speak technique conducted, tape recorder P1 : Muah nai’ he nati miunle’u recording and note taking technique by using ‘Just eat already, and then drink the medicine!’ notes. Thus, the researcher conducted recording P2 : Au ka’ uhinfa’ he’ iun leu sa? ‘I don’t know, what medicine should I drink?’ and note taking during the process of interview P1 : Mait ranitidin et leu in balan he miun. and conversation. ‘Take the Ranitidin in the medical box and drink it!’ Data analysis used in the study referred to P2 : Leko En. interactive dialective model (Miles, and Yes Mom. Hubberman, 2014). Based on this model data was analyzed with the following principles (1) data The conversation in data (1) happened in reduction, (2) data presentation (3) drawing Amanuban family who have not undergone conclusion/verification. Dawan language shift. The conversation The data analysis process was conducted happened in an informal situation where between systematically and simultaneously starting from a mother (P1) and her child (P2). The topic of the data collection process by using several conversation was a mother who told her child to 9 Dian Sidiarna Nenoliu & Hari Bakti Mardikantoro Seloka: Jurnal Pendidikan Bahasa dan Sastra Indonesia 8 (2) (2019) : 7 – 13 drink medicine. This topic occurred as a form of had shifted into the word sonde which means care from a mother to her child who was being ‘a particle to express denial or rejection’.
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