LAL FERRO ALLOYS Co. (P) LTD TERMS of REFERENCE – STATUS of COMPLIANCE

Home , Durian, Kharagdiha

FINAL REPORT

ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT (EIA)

AND

ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN (EMP)

FOR

ADDITION OF

INDUCTION FURNACE (18000 TPA)

TO ALREADY INSTALLED PLANT

PIG IRON (12000 TPA) & HARD COKE (15000 TPA)

LALLAL FERROFERRO ALLOYSALLOYS CO.CO. (P)(P) LTDLTD Vill:Vill: Biswasdih,Biswasdih, P.O.P.O. GadiGadi SrirampurSrirampur DistrictDistrict-- Giridih,Giridih, JHARKHANDJHARKHAND

Prepared by:-

VISIONTEK CONSULTANCY SERVICES PVT. LTD (An Enviro Engineering Consulting Cell)

N5-311, IRC Village, Jaydev Vihar, Nayapalli, Bhubaneswar Phone No. : 0674 – 2550594, 3250790, 6451781 Fax: 0674 – 2550594

Chapter – TOR - Final Report M/s Lal Ferro Alloys Co.(P) Ltd, Vill – Biswasdih, Giridih, Jharkhand Induction Furnace (18000 TPA), Pig Iron (12000 TPA), Hard Coke (15000 TPA)

F. No. J-11011/537/2009 – IA II (I) LAL FERRO ALLOYS Co. (P) LTD TERMS OF REFERENCE – STATUS OF COMPLIANCE

SL TOR SPECIFIED LOCATION IN EIA No A site location map on Indian map of 1:10, 00,000 scale followed by 1:50,000/1:25,000 scale on an A3/A2 sheet with at least next 10 Kms of terrains i.e. circle of 10 kms Chapter -2 and further 10 kms on A3/A2 sheets with proper 1 Page-9 longitude/latitude/heights with min. 100/200 m. contours

should be included. 3-D view i.e. DEM (Digital Elevation Model) for the area in 10 km radius from the proposal site.

Present land use should be prepared based on satellite imagery. High-resolution satellite image data having 1m- 5m spatial resolution like quickbird, Ikonos, IRS P-6 pan Chapter -3 2 sharpened etc. for the 10 Km radius area from proposed Page – 28 & 29 site. The same should be used for land used/land-cover mapping of the area.

Location of national parks / wildlife sanctuary / reserve forests within 10 km. radius should specifically be mentioned. A map showing landuse/landcover, reserved Chapter-2 3 forests, wildlife sanctuaries, national parks, tiger reserve Page-7 etc in 10 km of the project site.

Project site layout plan showing raw materials and other storage plans, bore well or water storage, aquifers (within 1 km.) dumping, waste disposal, green areas, water Chapter-2 4 bodies, rivers/drainage passing through the project site Page-13 should be included.

Details and classification of total land (identified and Chapter-2 5 acquired) should be included. Page-11,12

Proposal should be submitted to the Ministry for environment clearance only after acquiring total land. Land acquired. 6 Necessary documents indicating acquisition of land viz. Documents lease deed, allotment letter should be included. annexed

Rehabilitation & Resettlement (R & R) should be as per No displacement. policy of the State Govt. and a detailed action plan should 7 R&R not required be included.

TOR: 1 Chapter – TOR - Final Report M/s Lal Ferro Alloys Co.(P) Ltd, Vill – Biswasdih, Giridih, Jharkhand Induction Furnace (18000 TPA), Pig Iron (12000 TPA), Hard Coke (15000 TPA)

8 Permission and approval for the use of forest land, if any, Annexure and recommendations of the State Forest Department regarding impact of proposed expansion on the surrounding protected forests and mixed jungle of SAL, should be included.

9 A list of industries containing name and type in 25 km Chapter-3 radius should be incorporated. Page-24,25

10 Residential colony should be located in upwind direction. No residential colony is proposed

11 List of raw material required and source along with mode Chapter-2 of transportation should be included. Page-14 - 15

12 Petrological and Chemical analysis and other chemical Chapter-2 properties of raw materials used (with GPS location of Page- 15 to 31 source of raw material) i.e. ores, minerals, rock, soil, coal, iron, dolomite quartz etc. using high definition and precision instruments mentioning their detection range and methodology such Digital Analyzers, AAS with Graphite furnace, ICPMS, MICRO-WDXRF, EPMA, XRD, Nano studies or at least as per I30-10500 and WHO norms. These analysis should include trace element and metal studies like Cr (vi) Ni, Fe, As, Pb, Zn, Hg, Se, S etc. Presence of radioactive elements (U, Th etc.), if applicable, should also be included..

13 Petrography, grain size analysis and Major element Chapter-2 analysis of raw material and soil from project site and raw Page- 15 to 31 material should be done on the same parameters along with analysis for SiO2, Al2O3, MgO, MnO, K2O, CaO, FeO, Fe2O3, P2O5, H2O, CO2.

14 If the rocks, ores, raw material has trace elements their Chapter-2 petrography, ore microscopy, XRD, elemental mapping Page- 15 to 31 EPMA, XRF is required to quantify the amount present in it and hence future risk involved while using it and management plan.

15 Studies for muck, slurry, sludge material disposal and Chapter-4 solid waste generated, if the raw materials used has trace Page-40 elements and a management plan should also be included.

TOR: 2 Chapter – TOR - Final Report M/s Lal Ferro Alloys Co.(P) Ltd, Vill – Biswasdih, Giridih, Jharkhand Induction Furnace (18000 TPA), Pig Iron (12000 TPA), Hard Coke (15000 TPA)

16 Manufacturing process details for all the plants should be Chapter-2 included. Page -43-50

17 Mass balance for the raw material and products should be Chapter-2 included. Page-15 18 Energy balance data for all the components of steel plant Chapter-2 should be incorporated. Page- 32

19 Site-specific micro-meteorological data using Chapter-3 temperature, relative humidity, hourly wind speed and Page-15 & 18 direction and rainfall should be collected. 20 Data generated in the last three years i.e. air, water, raw Chapter-4 material properties and analysis (major, trace and heavy Page - 3 metals), ground water table, seismic history, flood hazard history etc. 21 Data on existing ambient air, stack emission, fugitive Chapter 4 emissions data; water requirement and water balance Page-6 - 16 cycle; generation, re-utilization and disposal of solid/ hazardous waste for the existing plant and predicted increase in pollution load (GLCs) due to proposed expansion should be incorporated. 22 Point-wise compliance to the specific and general Annexure conditions stipulated in the environmental clearance/consent to establish for the existing plant. 23 Ambient air quality at 8 locations within the study area of Chapter-3 10 km., aerial coverage from project site with one AAQMS Page-12,22 - 23 in downwind direction should be carried out. 24 The suspended particulate matter present in the ambient Chapter-3 air must be analyzed for the presence of poly-aromatic Page-23 hydrocarbons (PAH), i.e. Benzene soluble fraction. Chemical characterization of RSPM and incorporating of RSPM data. 25 Determination of atmospheric inversion level at the Chapter-3 project site and assessment of ground level concentration Page- 18 of pollutants from the stack emission based on site- specific meteorological features. 26 Air quality modelling for steel plant for specific pollutants Chapter 4 needs to be done. APCS for the control of emissions from Page-6 to 16 the kiln and WHRB should also be included to control emissions within 50 mg/Nm3. 27 Action plan to follow National Ambient Air Quality Chapter 4 Emission Standards issued by the Ministry vide G.S.R. No. Page 32 826(E) dated 16th November, 2009 should be included.

TOR: 3 Chapter – TOR - Final Report M/s Lal Ferro Alloys Co.(P) Ltd, Vill – Biswasdih, Giridih, Jharkhand Induction Furnace (18000 TPA), Pig Iron (12000 TPA), Hard Coke (15000 TPA)

28 Ambient air quality monitoring modeling alongwith Chapter-4 cumulative impact should be included for the day (24 hrs) for maximum GLC alongwith following :

i Emissions (g/second) with and without the air pollution Chapter-3 control measures ii eteorological inputs (wind speed, m/s), wind direction, Chapter-3 ambient air temperature, cloud cover, relative humidity & mixing height) on hourly basis

iii Model input options for terrain, plume rise, deposition etc. Chapter-4

iv Print-out of model input and output on hourly and daily Chapter-4 average basis

v A graph of daily averaged concentration (MGLC scenario) Chapter-4 with downwind distance at every 500 m interval covering the exact location of GLC.

vi Details of air pollution control methods used with Chapter-4 percentage efficiency that are used for emission rate estimation with respect to each pollutant

vii Applicable air quality standards as per LULC covered in the study area and % contribution of the proposed plant to the applicable Air quality standard. In case of expansion project, the contribution should be inclusive of both existing and expanded capacity.

viii No. I-VII are to be repeated for fugitive emissions and any other source type relevant and used for industry

ix Graphs of monthly average daily concentration with Chapter-4 down-wind distance

x Specify when and where the ambient air quality standards Chapter-4 are exceeded either due to the proposed plant alone or when the plant contribution is added to the background air quality.

xi Fugitive dust protection or dust reduction technology for Chapter-4 workers within 30 m of the plant active areas.

29 Impact of the transport of the raw materials and end Chapter-4 products on the surrounding environment should be Page-17 assessed and provided.

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30 One season data for gaseous emissions other than Chapter-3 monsoon season is necessary. Page- 22 -23

31 An action plan to control and monitor secondary fugitive Chapter-4 emissions from all the sources as per the latest Page- 32 permissible limits issued by the Ministry vide G.S.R. 414(E) dated 30th May, 2008.

32 Presence of aquifer(s) within 1 km of the project Chapter-4 boundaries and management plan for recharging the Page-37 - 39 aquifer should be included.

33 Source of surface/ground water level, site (GPS), cation, Chapter-3 anion (Ion Chromatograph), metal trace element (as Page-33,34 above) chemical analysis for water to be used. If surface water is used from river, rainfall, discharge rate, quantity, drainage and distance from project site should also be included.

34 Ground water analysis with bore well data, litho-logs, Chapter-3 drawdown and recovery tests to quantify the area and Page-33,34 volume of aquifer and its management.

35 Ground water modelling showing the pathways of the Chapter-4 pollutants should be included Page-15

36 Column leachate study for all types of stockpiles or waste Not Applicable. disposal sites at 20oC-50oC should be conducted and included.

37 Action plan for rainwater harvesting measures at plant site Chapter 4 should be submitted to harvest rainwater from the roof Page-37 - 39 tops and storm water drains to recharge the ground water and also to use for the various activities at the project site to conserve fresh water and reduce the water requirement from other sources. Rain water harvesting and groundwater recharge structures may also be constructed outside the plant premises in consultation with local Gram Panchayat and Village Heads to augment the ground water level.

38 Permission for the drawl of 141 m3/day ground water from Chapter-2 bore well from the SGWB/CGWA and water balance data Page- 33 including quantity of effluent generated, recycled and reused and discharged is to be provided. Methods

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adopted/to be adopted for the water conservation should be included.

39 A note on the impact of drawl of water on the nearby River N.A during lean season.

40 Surface water quality of nearby River (60 m upstream and Chapter-3 downstream) and other surface drains at eight locations Page -9, 50- 59 must be ascertained.

41 If the site is within 10 km radius of any major river, Flood N.A Hazard Zonation Mapping is required at 1:5000 to 1;10,000 scale indicating the peak and lean river discharge as well as flood occurrence frequency. 42 A note on treatment of wastewater from different plants, Chapter-4 recycle and reuse for different purposes should be Page-40 included.

43 Provision of traps and treatment plants are to be made, if N.A water is getting mixed with oil, grease and cleaning agents.

44 If the water is mixed with solid particulates, proposal for Chapter-4 sediment pond before further transport should be Page- 40-43 included. The sediment pond capacity should be 100 times the transport capacity.

45 Wastewater characteristics (heavy metals, anions and N.A cations, trace metals, PAH) from different sources should be included.

46 The pathways for pollution via seepages, evaporation, Chapter-4 residual remains are to be studied for surface water Page 15,16 (drainage, rivers, ponds, lakes), sub-surface and ground water with a monitoring and management plans.

47 Ground water monitoring minimum at 8 locations and near Chapter-3 solid waste dump zone, Geological features and Geo- Page-9, 50- 59 hydrological status of the study area are essential as also. Ecological status (Terrestrial and Aquatic) is vital.

48 Geotechnical data by a bore hole of upto 40 mts. in every Chapter-4 One sq. km area such as ground water level, SPTN values, Page-3 soil fineness, geology, shear wave velocity etc. for liquefaction studies and to assess future Seismic Hazard and Earthquake Risk Management in the area.

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49 Action plan for solid/hazardous waste generation, storage, Chapter-4 utilization and disposal particularly slag from all the Page-40-43 sources.

50 A note on the treatment, storage and disposal of all type of Chapter 2 slag should be included. Identification and details of land Page – 54,54 to be used for SMS slag disposal should be included. Chapter – 4 Details of secured land fill as per CPCB guidelines should Page – 40-43 also be included.

51 End use of solid waste and its composition should be Chapter-4 covered. Toxic metal content in the waste material and its Page-40 composition should also be incorporated particularly of slag.

52 All stock piles will have to be on top of a stable liner to Chapter-4 avoid leaching of materials to ground water. Page – 41

53 Acton plan for the green belt development plan in 33 % Chapter-4 area should be included. The green belt should be around Page-33 - 35 the project boundary and a scheme for greening of the Chapter-6 traveling roads should also be incorporated. All Page-9 rooftops/terraces should have some green cover.

54 Detailed description of the flora and fauna (terrestrial and Chapter-3 aquatic) should be given with special reference to rare, Page-36- 39 endemic and endangered species.

55 At least 2 % of the total cost of the project should be Chapter 8 earmarked towards the corporate social responsibility Page - 5 and item-wise details alongwith time bound action plan should be included. Socio-economic development activities need to be elaborated upon.

56 Disaster Management Plan including risk assessment and Chapter-7 damage control needs to be addressed and included. Page- 13

57 Occupational health of the workers needs elaboration. Chapter-7 Health effects of other metals used and health hazard Page-19 plans based on monthly correlation of these metal related diseases and people affected and mitigation plans. Arsenicosis Management Plan, if Arsenic is present in ore, rock, coal, fly ash, water. Action Plan for protecting the workers against hazardous chemicals such as Sulphuric acid, pesticides, solvents etc.

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58 Occupational health of the workers needs elaboration Chapter-7 including evaluation of noise, heat, illumination, dust, any Page-19 other chemicals, metals being suspected in environment and going into body of workers either through inhalation, ingestion or through skin absorption and steps taken to avoid musculo-skeletal disorders (MSD), backache, pain in minor and major joints, fatigue etc. Occupational hazards specific pre-placement and periodical monitoring and periodical monitoring should be carried out. The detailed plan to carry out above mentioned activity should be mentioned.

59 Environment Management Plan (EMP) to mitigate the Chapter 6 adverse impacts due to the project along with item wise Page-14 cost of its implementation. Total capital cost and recurring cost/annum for environmental pollution control measures.

60 Plan for the implementation of the recommendations made Chapter-6 for the steel plants in the CREP guidelines must be Page-7 prepared.

61 Public hearing issues raised and commitments made by Public Hearing the project proponent on the same should be included conducted separately in EIA/EMP Report in the form of tabular chart. on…………. Details enclosed. 62 Any litigation pending against the project and / or any Nil direction / order passed by any Court of Law against the project, if so, details thereof.

TOR: 8 Chapter – TOR - Final Report M/s Lal Ferro Alloys Co.(P) Ltd, Vill – Biswasdih, Giridih, Jharkhand Induction Furnace (18000 TPA), Pig Iron (12000 TPA), Hard Coke (15000 TPA)

TERMS OF REFERENCE

TOR: 9 Chapter – TOR - Final Report M/s Lal Ferro Alloys Co.(P) Ltd, Vill – Biswasdih, Giridih, Jharkhand Induction Furnace (18000 TPA), Pig Iron (12000 TPA), Hard Coke (15000 TPA)

TOR: 10 Chapter – TOR - Final Report M/s Lal Ferro Alloys Co.(P) Ltd, Vill – Biswasdih, Giridih, Jharkhand Induction Furnace (18000 TPA), Pig Iron (12000 TPA), Hard Coke (15000 TPA)

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TOR: 12 Chapter – TOR - Final Report M/s Lal Ferro Alloys Co.(P) Ltd, Vill – Biswasdih, Giridih, Jharkhand Induction Furnace (18000 TPA), Pig Iron (12000 TPA), Hard Coke (15000 TPA)

TOR: 13 Chapter – Public Hearing - Final Report M/s Lal Ferro Alloys Co.(P) Ltd, Vill- Biswasdih, Giridih, Jharkhand Induction Furnace (18000 TPA) , Pig Iron (12000 TPA), Hard Coke ( 15000 TPA),

PUBLIC HEARING DETAILS

PH- 1 Chapter – Public Hearing - Final Report M/s Lal Ferro Alloys Co.(P) Ltd, Vill- Biswasdih, Giridih, Jharkhand Induction Furnace (18000 TPA) , Pig Iron (12000 TPA), Hard Coke ( 15000 TPA),

F. No. J-11011/537/2009 – IA II (I)

LAL FERRO ALLOYS Co. (P) LTD PUBLIC HEARING HELD on 22.01.2013 ISSUES & RESPONSE

S. Name and Address Questions/ Suggestions/ Issues Answers/ Solutions No of Present Villagers 1. Sri Gopal Kumar, He expressed his worries The unit management said Bishwasdih regarding the negative impact on that necessary equipments nearby agricultural land and will be installed in the unit for wanted to know how water and air control of air pollution and pollution would not affect the the unit will reuse the water farming. which means the unit is based on zero discharge. Thus farming in the surroundings would not be affected. 2. Sri Kunal Kumar He does not feel that the The unit management said Sinha, Bishwasdih information pertaining to water and that the dust accumulated on air quality given during the leaves may also be due to executive summary is correct. plying of heavy vehicles on Dust accumulated on leaves of bad roads. Information given surrounding trees would give a in the executive summary is clear picture of pollution. true.

3. Sri Vinod Kumar Management for water, air and Management agrees with Mishra, Bishwasdih noise pollution must be done; the him. villagers must get preference in employment, help in education and medical facilities.

4. Sri Vishweshwar He said, addressing to the officers Management assured to Pathak, Vishwasdih and villagers present in the install and operate the unit executive summary that the China with pollution control Plant (M/s Atibir Inds. Co. Ltd., systems. Unit- 2) established in this area already creates lots of noise pollution, water pollution and air pollution. Public hearing was done for that too but it was not followed. I request to make improvement in this plant, on basis of which this unit shall be permitted with the pollution control systems.

PH- 2 Chapter – Public Hearing - Final Report M/s Lal Ferro Alloys Co.(P) Ltd, Vill- Biswasdih, Giridih, Jharkhand Induction Furnace (18000 TPA) , Pig Iron (12000 TPA), Hard Coke ( 15000 TPA),

5. Sri Ranjeet Kumar, He said that pollution will take Management agrees with Chatatand place on setting up of plant but I him. say that due to water, air & noise pollution, our farm should not get polluted. 6. Sri Anand Kumar It is good that Lal Ferro Plant is The management assured of Ray, Chatatand being set up. We must get priority in employment to the employment. We welcome the local people on the basis of company. qualification and as per requirement. 7. Sri Bihari Sav, He said, addressing to the Management agrees with Tikodih executive summary that the plant him. is going to set up in our village; more and more plantation must be done to stop pollution. The water in well looks polluted, hand pumps must be set up. 8. Sri Arun Kumar Sav, Everybody said everything, Management agrees with Tikodih plantation must be done, him. unemployed must get employment, unhealthy people must be helped for treatment, youngsters must be made responsible, hand pumps must be set up. 9. Sri Dinesh Kumar There a big problem of drinking Necessary arrangements Sinha, Tikodih water, company must do deep shall be done for drinking boring. Pollution is being done by water facility. Ground water the factory, water level is dropping table would be maintained by down and children take birth with rain water harvesting. deformities. 10. Sri Rajeev Sinha There is a lot of pollution in this The unit management said Vishwasdih area; the villagers are obliged to that rain water harvesting sell their land because there is no would be done so as to facility of irrigation for farming. The maintain the ground water factories make deep boring of over table; complete 1000 feet. We request A.D.C. arrangements shall be done madam to either let the factory for pollution control. settle here or the population. Dust of sponge iron keeps entering into the houses. 11. Sri Dinu Marik, The main problem is not due to Management agrees with Udnabad, setting up of plant rather due to him. The height of chimney small chimneys that create a lot of would be kept as per the pollution, the chimneys should be norms of Central Pollution high to reduce pollution and Control Board and all necessary arrangements for arrangements for pollution pollution control must be done. control would be done. 12. Sri Subhash Lal, Necessary arrangements for Management agrees with

PH- 3 Chapter – Public Hearing - Final Report M/s Lal Ferro Alloys Co.(P) Ltd, Vill- Biswasdih, Giridih, Jharkhand Induction Furnace (18000 TPA) , Pig Iron (12000 TPA), Hard Coke ( 15000 TPA),

Burdhiadih pollution control must be done; him. people must get proper benefit of employment, education and health. 13. Sri Rameshwar There is a rice mill opened in our Management said that his Tiwari, Purnanagar area, movement to any place has question is not related to my become difficult due to the unit. polluted water from it. 14. Sri Vinod Kumar The workers in the unit must get Management agrees with Sav, Tikodih security cover of pension and P.F. him. The workers would be Necessary arrangements must be paid as per the norms and done to control pollution of all complete arrangements for types from the unit. pollution control would be done. 15. Sri Vinod Ray, The unit must set up, there is no Management agrees with Purnanagar problem. Arrangements for him. pollution control must be done. 16. Sri Subhash Ray, He said that the pollution is not Management agrees with Purnanagar that big a problem as is him. unemployment. Villagers must get employment as well as arrangement for pollution control must be done. 17. Sri Budhan Malah, The road is unconstructed. Water Management agrees with Turukdiha sprinkling must be done on the him. road. Villagers must get drinking water facility. 18. Sri Rupesh Kumar Chimney must be high, which Management agrees with Gupta, Mohanpur does not create pollution. him. Preference in employment to local people. Medical facility must be provided. 19. Sri Nawal Kishor No one is dying due to Environmental pollution Sav, Purnanagar environmental pollution. Most of would be controlled along them are dying due with providing employment to unemployment. Employment must local people on the basis of provide. qualification and as per requirement. 20. Sri Rajendra Bayan, When there were no plants here, Management agrees with Tikodih people were dependent on him. farming. Plants have been set and pollution has risen. Pollution must be controlled. Drinking water facility must be provided. 21. Sri Ranjeet Kumar Arrangements for drinking water People from surroundings Yadav (Mukhiya), have not been made by the unit. will be provided with drinking Mohanpur There is pollution all around. No water facility under company advertisements have been made. CSR. Advertisements have Agriculture is not taking place. been done according to the

PH- 4 Chapter – Public Hearing - Final Report M/s Lal Ferro Alloys Co.(P) Ltd, Vill- Biswasdih, Giridih, Jharkhand Induction Furnace (18000 TPA) , Pig Iron (12000 TPA), Hard Coke ( 15000 TPA),

Water level is dropping down. rules. People are dying in the age of 50- 60 only. 22. Sri Ram Ratan The plant will be at 500 meters Arrangement shall be done Pathak, Bishwasdih from population. We cannot to minimize noise pollution. believe that the noise pollution will Water in the river will remain be under control or water from the normal. river will be good to drink, as is written in the executive summary. 23. Sri Madhu Sharma, There are many sponge iron in the Management agrees with Mohanpur surroundings. Equipments for him. Pollution control pollution control have been equipment shall be installed installed but the unit management and also kept operational. does not operate it. No sprinkling Water sprinkling will be done of water being done on the road. on roads. We request to sprinkle water on roads. Medical facility must be provided. Equipments installed for pollution control must be operated. 24. Sri Tulsi Turi (Labour So many protests have been done Management agrees with Union Secretary), against pollution but there is no him. Kulchi development. Pollution control must be done. 25. Sri Vinod Yadav, Not just one but two plants should Management agrees with Turukdiha be set up to provide people with him. employment, medical and drinking water facilities etc. 26. Smt. Sanju Devi, The plant must not be set up near All necessary arrangement Mukhiya, Turukdiha the school. The condition of roads for pollution control would be is worse. It is good that the plant is done. setting up. Necessary arrangements must be made for pollution control.

Proceeding of the Public Hearing conducted on 22.01.2013 at – Upgraded Primary School, Bishwasdih for the Environmental Clearance of proposed project (Pig Iron- 12000 ton/ year, Hard Coke- 15000 ton/ year and M.S. Ingots- 18000 ton/year) of M/s Lal Ferro Alloys Company Private Limited, Bishwasdih, PO- Gadi Srirampur, Dist.- Giridih.

1. Public Hearing for the proposed project (Pig Iron- 12000 ton/year, Hard Coke – 15000 ton/year and M.S. Ingots- 18000 ton/year) of aforesaid unit was conducted under the chairmanship of Smt. S. Kiro, Addl. Deputy Collector, Dist.- Giridih on 22.01.2013 at Upgraded Primary school, Bishwasdih, PO- Gadi Srirampur, Dist.- Giridih, in which Sri Ravindra Prasad, Regional Officer, Hazaribagh, Sri Mithilesh

PH- 5 Chapter – Public Hearing - Final Report M/s Lal Ferro Alloys Co.(P) Ltd, Vill- Biswasdih, Giridih, Jharkhand Induction Furnace (18000 TPA) , Pig Iron (12000 TPA), Hard Coke ( 15000 TPA),

Jha, Scientific Assistant, Ranchi (Head Quarter) and Sri Ram Pravesh Kumar, Junior Environmental Engineer, Hazaribagh took part on behalf of Jharkhand State Pollution Control Board. Sri Ravindra Prasad, Regional Officer conducted the public hearing. 2. Officers of M/s Lal Ferro Alloys Company Private Limited & villagers especially from Bishwasdih, Turukdiha, Chatatand, Tikodih, Udnabad, Burdhiadih, Purnanagar, Mohanpur, Kulchi etc. villages took part in the public hearing. 3. Sri. Rakesh Kumar, Manager, presented the executive summary on behalf of M/s Lal Ferro Alloys Co. Pvt. Ltd. in which along with the established units Mini Blast Furnace of 1x23 m3 capacity for production of 12000 ton per year of Pig Iron and hard coke plant (24 Ovens) for production of 15000 ton per annum of hard coke, addition of an induction furnace of 1x6 ton capacity is proposed. Raw materials required for Pig Iron per year will be 19200 tons of Iron Ore, 9000 tons of Coke, 1200 tons of Dolomite, 1500 tons of Lime Stone 480 tons of Magnesium Ore, for Hard Coke 18700 tons per annum of coal and for M.S. Billets per year 12000 tons of Pig Iron, 9000 tons of Sponge Iron and 2160 tons of iron scrap will be required. The unit is on 11.57 acres of non- forest land. Water consumed in the unit for industrial as well as domestic purposes will be 160 KL per day which will be sourced from ground water. The effluents from industrial purposes will be kept in closed circuit, thus the unit will be based on zero discharge. For control of air pollution, fume extractor with bag filters in the induction furnace, bag filter with the gas cleaning plant of Mini Blast Furnace and in the hard coke plant double tunnel system with wet scrubber in the chimney will be established height of chimneys attached to the bag filter with the fume extractor of induction furnace and bag filter with gas cleaning plant of Pig Iron will be 30 m each and height of chimney attached to hard coke plant will be 40 m. the B.F. Slag produced by the Pig Iron plant shall be sold to cement plant and the induction furnace slag shall be used for land filling. Green belt will be done over 3.95 acres of land which will be within the premises. 4. On behalf of the villagers Sri Gopal Kumar, Sri Kunal Kumar Sinha, Sri Vishweshwar Pathak, Sri Rajeev Sinha, Sri Ram Ratan Pathak; Village- Vishwasdih, Sri Vinod Kumar Mishra, Sri Budhan Malah, Sri Vinod Yadav, Sri Sanju Deva; Village- Turukdiha, Sri Ranjeet Kumar, Sri Anand Kumar Ray; Village- Chatatand, Sri Bihari Sav, Sri Arun Kumar Sav, Sri Dinesh Kumar Sinha, Sri Vinod Kumar Sav, Sri Rajendra Bayan; Village- Tikodih, Sri Dinu Marik; Village- Udanabad, Sri Subhash Lal; Village- Burdiyadih, Sri Rameshwar Tiwari, Sri Vinod Ray, Sri Subhash Ray, Sri Nawal Kishor Sav; Village- Purna nagar, Sri Ranjeet Kumar Yadav (Head Representative), Sri Madhu Sharma, Sri Rupesh Kumar Gupta; Village- Mohanpur, Sri Tulsi Turi (Labour Union Secretary);

PH- 6 Chapter – Public Hearing - Final Report M/s Lal Ferro Alloys Co.(P) Ltd, Vill- Biswasdih, Giridih, Jharkhand Induction Furnace (18000 TPA) , Pig Iron (12000 TPA), Hard Coke ( 15000 TPA),

Village- Kulchi reacted on the impacts posed upon this area due to establishment of the aforesaid unit, after finishing the executive summary of environmental impact assessment due to the aforesaid unit. 5. Detailed discussion was done regarding the expectations of villagers such as no discharge of polluted water outside the premises, installation and working of necessary equipments to control air pollution, to do water sprinkling on the path of transportation, tree plantation and proper maintenance of vehicles to control noise pollution, to provide ear plugs to workers and to resolve public issues as per the law. 6. As per the expectation of the villagers, priority in employment, medical facility, help in education, drinking water facility and plan of other basic facilities are included in the project management. 7. On behalf of Lal Ferro Alloys Company Private Limited, authorized representative Sri Anil Kumar Singh, Technical Advisor, gave assurance that as per the expectations of the villagers, necessary equipments would be installed and worked on to control pollution along with keeping the environment clean, drinking water facility, education, necessary help in arrangement of health facilities and according to the requirement priority in employment will be given to the local people on the basis of qualification. Also he gave assurance to settle the problems/suggestions raised by villagers and other social issue as per the law. 8. Smt. S.Kiro, Deputy Collector, Giridih in her chairperson’s address appreciated the villagers for peacefully listening to the executive summary of proposed project of the management and also their ideas/ demands/ suggestions etc. In addition she also directed the management to take necessary steps to control pollution and settle the questions/ suggestions/ demands etc as per the law as far as possible. 9. List of officer and villagers present, C.D. of video recording of the public hearing and questions/answers is enclosed for easy reference.

PH- 7

Chapter – Contents - Final Report M/s Lal Ferro Alloys Co.(P) Ltd, Vill- Biswasdih, Giridih, Jharkhand Induction Furnace (18000 TPA), Pig Iron (12000 TPA), Hard Coke (15000 TPA)

CONTENTS 1 INTRODUCTION 1.00 Background 1 1.01 Purpose of the Report 2 1.02 Identification of project & project proponent 4 1.03 Brief description of nature, location of the project 6 1.04 Scope of the study 9 1.05 Report Preparation 10 1.06 Approved Terms of Reference 10 2 PROJECT DESCRIPTIONS 2.01 Type of the Project 1 2.02 Need for the Project 2 2.03 Location of Project 5 2.04 Size or magnitude of operation 14 2.05 Proposed schedule for approval and implementation 35 2.06 Technology and process description 36 2.07 Quality Control 51 2.08 Traffic Movement 51 Description Of Mitigative Measures Incorporated In 2.09 52 Project Assessment of New & Untested for present Technology 2.10 56 Failure 2.11 Permission from forest 56 2.12 Permission from ground water authority 56

3 DESCRIPTION OF THE ENVIRONMENT 3.01 Introduction 1 3.02 Study Area 1 3.03 Study Period 2 3.04 Study Components 2 3.05 Study Methodology 2 3.06 Establishment of Baseline for Environmental Components 15 3.07 Regional Demographic Profile 35 3.08 Ecological Profile 36

Contents: 1 Chapter – Contents - Final Report M/s Lal Ferro Alloys Co.(P) Ltd, Vill- Biswasdih, Giridih, Jharkhand Induction Furnace (18000 TPA), Pig Iron (12000 TPA), Hard Coke (15000 TPA)

4 ANTICIPATED ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS & MITIGATION 4.00 Introduction 1 4.01 Environmental Impacts due to Project Location 1 4.02 Environmental Impacts due to possible Accidents 1 4.03 Environmental Impacts due to Project Design 3 4.04 Environmental Impacts due to Project Construction 4 4.05 Environmental Impacts due to Regular Operations 5 4.06 Ambient Air Quality Modeling 6 Environmental Impacts due to Vehicular movement & 4.07 17 transportation 4.08 Environmental Impacts due to final decommissioning 18 4.09 Measures for minimizing and/or offsetting adverse impacts 18 Irreversible and Irretrievable commitments of 4.10 20 Environment 4.11 Noise Environment 22 4.12 Impact on Soil Quality 22 4.13 Impact on Local Ecology 22 4.14 Impact on Socio Economic Status 23 4.15 Assessment of Significance of Impacts 23 4.16 Mitigation Measures 25 4.17 Management Plan for Construction Activities 25 4.18 Management Plan for Operation Activities 26 4.19 Waste Heat Management 32 4.20 Noise Quality Management 33 4.21 Green Belt Development Plan 33 4.22 Occupational Safety and Health 35 4.23 Water Resource Management 35 4.24 Solid/Hazardous Waste Generation and Disposal 39 4.25 Residual Impact Matrix 41 Minimizing of waste generation & conservation of natural 4.26 43 resources 5 ANALYSIS OF ALTERNATIVES

5.01 Site 1 5.02 Production Technology and Module 2

Contents: 2 Chapter – Contents - Final Report M/s Lal Ferro Alloys Co.(P) Ltd, Vill- Biswasdih, Giridih, Jharkhand Induction Furnace (18000 TPA), Pig Iron (12000 TPA), Hard Coke (15000 TPA)

6 EMP IMPLEMENTATION AND MONITORING Technical aspects of monitoring the effectiveness of 6.00 1 measures 6.01 Environmental monitoring program 1 Technical aspects of monitoring the effectiveness of 6.02 2 Mitigative measures 6.03 Compliance of CREP recommendations for steel plants 7 6.04 Leakage Detection Schedule 9 6.05 Post Monitoring Of Environment Management System 11 7 ADDITIONAL STUDIES 7.01 Public Consultation 1 7.02 Risk Assessment and Mitigation 8 7.03 Probable Emergencies At Plant Site 8 7.04 Social Impact Assessment 14 7.05 Occupational Health and Safety 19 8 PROJECT BENEFITS

8.01 Improvement in the Physical Infrastructure 1 8.02 Employment Potential 1 8.03 Other Tangible Benefits 2 8.04 Conclusion 3 8.05 Improvement in the Social Infrastructure 4

9 ENVIRONMENT MANAGEMENT PLANNING

9.01 Description of Administrative aspects of EMP 1

10 SUMMARY AND CONCLUSION

11 DISCLOSURE OF CONSULTANT

LIST OF TABLES 3-01 Methodology for Micrometeorology 3 - 03 3-02 Standard Procedure for Air Quality Study 3 - 04 3-03 Ambient Air Quality Monitoring Locations 3 - 05 3-04 Noise Level Monitoring Locations 3 - 06 3-05 Soil Quality Monitoring Locations 3 - 06 3-06 Analytical Techniques for Soil Analysis 3 - 07

Contents: 3 Chapter – Contents - Final Report M/s Lal Ferro Alloys Co.(P) Ltd, Vill- Biswasdih, Giridih, Jharkhand Induction Furnace (18000 TPA), Pig Iron (12000 TPA), Hard Coke (15000 TPA)

3-07 Water Sampling Locations 3 - 09 3-08 Methods for Analysis of Water 3 - 10 3-09 Monthly Climatological Data Of Dhanbad 3 - 15 - 17 3-10 Summary of Micrometeorological Data 3 - 18 3-11 Summary of Ambient Air Quality Data 3 - 22 3-12 Chemical Characterization of RSPM 3 - 23 3-13 Summary of Noise Quality Data 3 - 26 3-14 Land Use Breakup of Study Area Flora In The Study Area 3 - 27 3-15 Flora In The Study Area 3 - 37 3-16 Air Quality Monitoring Results 3 - 41 - 48 3-19 Noise Quality Monitoring Results 3 - 49

3-20 Surface Water Quality Monitoring Results 3 - 50 - 59 3-21 Ground Water Quality Monitoring Results 3 - 60- 67

3-22 Soil Quality Monitoring Results 3 - 68

4-01 Types and major sources of Pollution 4 - 05 4-02 Details of emission with APC 4 - 08

4-03 Stability Class 4 - 08

4-04 Stability Class of Rural Condition 4 - 09 4-05 Mixing Height 4 - 09

4-06 Resultant Concentration after Implementation of the Project 4 - 13 Irreversible and Irretrievable commitments of environmental 4-07 4 - 20 components 4-08 Assessment of significance of impacts 4 - 23 4-09 PIV without EMP 4 - 24

4-10 Details of proposed APC System for PIG IRON PLANT 4 - 27

4-11 Details of proposed stacks for HARD COKE 4 - 30

4-12 Details of proposed APC System for INDUCTION FURNACE PLANT 4 - 31 4-13 List of Plants for Green Belt Development 4 - 34

4-14 Parameter Importance Value AFTER EMP 4 - 42 6-01 National Ambient Air Quality Standard 6 - 13

6-02 Area Wise Noise Quality Standard 6 - 14

Contents: 4 Chapter – Contents - Final Report M/s Lal Ferro Alloys Co.(P) Ltd, Vill- Biswasdih, Giridih, Jharkhand Induction Furnace (18000 TPA), Pig Iron (12000 TPA), Hard Coke (15000 TPA)

LIST OF FIGURES 2 - 01 Location Map of District 2 - 06 2 - 02 Location Map of Site 2 - 07

2 - 03 Plant Layout 2 - 10

3 – 01(A) Air Sampling Locations 3 - 12 3 – 01(B) Water Sampling Locations 3 - 13

3 – 01(C) Noise & Soil Sampling Locations 3 - 14

3 - 02 Windrose diagram for study period 3 - 19 3 - 03 Average Day – Night Time Noise level In study Area 3 - 25

3 - 04 Satellite Image of Study Area 3 - 28

3 – 05 Supervised Classification using Maximum Likelihood method based on 3 - 28 Satellite Imagery of Study Area 3 – 06 Drainage map of study area 3 - 30

3 – 07 Geological Map of Study area 3 - 31

3 – 08 Hydro geological Map of Study area 3 - 31 3 – 09 Premonsoon Water level Map of Study area 3 - 32

3 – 10 Water level Map of Study area 3 - 32

4 – 01 Data flow in the AERMOD modeling system 4 - 07 4 – 02 (A) Isoplots Of Ground Level Concentration of PM over the study area 4 - 10

4 – 02 (B) Isoplots Of Ground Level Concentration oF SO2 over the study area 4 - 11

4 – 02 (C) Isoplots Of Ground Level Concentration of NOx over the study area 4 - 12 4 – 03 Stepwise modeling of groundwater pollutant flow 4 - 15

Contents: 5 Chapter 1 - Introduction - Final Report M/s Lal Ferro Alloys Co.(P) Ltd, Vill- Biswasdih, Giridih, Jharkhand Induction Furnace (18000 TPA), Pig Iron (12000 TPA), Hard Coke (15000 TPA)

CHAPTER – 1 INTRODUCTION

1.0 BACKGROUND Since the sixties concern over the state of environment has grown the world over. There has been substantive decline in environment quality due to increasing pollution, loss of vegetation and biological diversity, excessive concentration of harmful chemicals in the atmosphere and in food chains, growing risks of environmental accidents and threats to life support systems. While participating in the United Nations Conference on the Human Environment held in Stockholm in June, 1972 Government of India strongly voiced the environmental concerns. Although several measures had been taken for environment protection after the Conference it was found necessary to enact an effective tool to impose restrictions and prohibitions on the expansion and modernization of any activity or new projects being undertaken in any part of India unless environmental clearance has been accorded by the, concerned authorities.

The First Environment Impact Assessment Notification S.O. 60(E) of India was notified and implemented on 27th January 1994. This notification was re-engineered and the new Environment Impact Assessment Notification S.O. 1533 was notified and came into force on 14th September 2006. This was notified in exercise of the powers conferred by sub-section (1) and clause (v) of sub-section (2) of section 3 of the Environment (Protection) Act, 1986, read with clause (d) of sub-rule (3) of rule 5 of the Environment (Protection) Rules, 1986 and in suppression of the notification number S.O. 60 (E) dated the 27th January, 1994, except in respect of things done or omitted to be done before such suppression, the Central Government hereby directs that on and from the date of its publication the required construction of new projects or activities or the expansion or modernization of existing projects or activities listed in the Schedule to this notification entailing capacity addition with change in process and or technology shall be undertaken in any part of India only after the prior environmental clearance from the Central Government or as the case may be, by the State Level Environment Impact Assessment Authority, duly constituted by the

CH-I- 1 Chapter 1 - Introduction - Final Report M/s Lal Ferro Alloys Co.(P) Ltd, Vill- Biswasdih, Giridih, Jharkhand Induction Furnace (18000 TPA), Pig Iron (12000 TPA), Hard Coke (15000 TPA)

Central Government under sub-section (3) of section 3 of the said Act, in accordance with the procedure specified hereinafter in this notification.

Latest amendment to this has been notified vide notification SO. 3067, dated 1st December 2009.

1.1 PURPOSE OF THE REPORT The objective of this EIA study report is description of those aspects of the project which are likely to cause environmental impacts in/around the proposed project area and identification of Long-term, short-term, reversible & irreversible impact on the immediate environment, ecology and ecosystem. Based on impact prediction, suitable management plan is to be defined that will control and/or minimize the detrimental impacts.

Construction and Operation of project, no matter how necessary those projects are, the negative impacts of the environment must be considered and the project should be justified in relation to environmental considerations. Therefore, it is very much important in the design stage of the project to take into account not only the social and economic aspects of the project, but also environment protection considerations. The environmental impacts of any new project must be surveyed, forecasted and evaluated by the project proponents in process of designing the project. Those results and findings are then to be incorporated in the Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) Report.

Under the Modified/Amended EIA Notification S.O. 3067(E), dated 1st December 2009 of Ministry of Environment and Forest, New Delhi, manufacturing activities associated with use of primary metal as per the following table require prior Environmental Clearance from the concerned Regulatory Authority based on Terms

of Reference provided during the scoping.

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3 Materials Production

Category with threshold limit Project or Activity Conditions if any A B 3( Metallurgical a) Primary General conditions shall a) industries metallurgical apply (ferrous & non industry * Note: ferrous) All projects (i) The recycling industrial Sponge iron units covered under b) Sponge iron manufacturing HSM Rules, which manufacturing < 200TPD require registration are ≥ 200TPD exempted Secondary (ii) In case of secondary c) Secondary metallurgical metallurgical processing metallurgical processing industry industrial units only processing industry those projects involving i) All toxic and operation of furnaces All toxic and heavy heavy metal such as induction and metal producing producing units electric arc furnace, units < 20,000 tonnes submered arc furnace, pre heating furnace, ≥≥≥ 20,000 tonnes /annum cupola and crucible /annum furnace with capacity ii) All other non – toxic secondary more than 5 tonnes per heat would require metallurgical processing environmental industries clearance (iii) Plant / units based on > 5000 municipal solid waste tons/annum (non-hazardous) are exempted [* inserted by S.O. 3067, dated 01.12.2009]

4 Materials Processing

Category with threshold limit Project or Activity Conditions if any A B 4( Coke oven ≥ 2,50,000 tonnes / < 2,50,000 & General Conditions shall b) plants annum ≥25,000 tonnes / apply - annum

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As steel industry is viewed as one of the major polluting industry it was decided by the project proponent to carry out an EIA study and later on in the scoping of project by the concerned authorities it was required to submit a formal EIA Report with public hearing details for the Environmental Clearance of the proposed project.

The identification of impacts requires one to first describe and understand the conditions of the environment prior to the activity. The baseline data has been collected over a period of three months from December 2011 to February 2012.

1.2 Identification of project & project proponent Pig Iron is one of the basic raw materials required by the foundry and casting industry for manufacture of various types of castings for the engineering sector. Due to the captive use of scraps in the big steel plants, the generation of scrap has come down and is expected to fall further in future. The old product mix of our induction furnaces has been changed over the years. Now, the sponge & pig iron has become the main raw-materials for the induction furnace. Sponge iron is available in huge quantities due to mini sponge iron plants in the nearby areas. Pig Iron & Cast Iron is essential to maintain the carbon content of the product. Demand for Pig Iron is on the increase in the region.

M / S LAL FERRO ALOYS Co. (P) LTD. is proposed project is an expansion to an existing Pig Iron Plant (1 x 23 M3 MBF) with capacity 12000 TPA and Hard Coke Plant (24 Ovens) of 15000 TPA with addition of Induction Furnace (1x 6 Ton) with manufacturing capacity 18000 TPA of MS Ingots. The organization intends to expand its plant in the coalfield belt of the state of Jharkand at village – Biswasdih, in the district of Giridih. It plans to diversify itself into two dissimilar projects in order to diversify its risk and create a healthy working environment. The total cost of the expansion project is estimated to be Rs 2.45 Crores.

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Company Details Name : LAL FERRO ALLOYS Co. (P) LTD. Plant Location and Vill : Biswasdih, P.O. Gadi Srirampur : Registered Office Dist. Giridih, Jharkhand. Existing Plant : Pig Iron & Hard Coke Proposed Plant : Induction Furnace Sector : Iron & Steel Constitution : Private Limited Co.

The company has been promoted by a group of experienced businessmen who are presently engaged in manufacturing and trading business of various products. They are:

SL Name & Age Qualification Experience No Designation He has more than 10 years of experience in trade and business of Coal and Hard Coke. He is considered one of 1 Sri Chetu Saw 38 Inter the biggest supplier of Coal and coke products in Giridih and clearly understands the demand and supply scenario of Coal and Coke products. He has over 5 years of experience in the line trade and business since his involvement in the family business of export 2 Sri Sumeet Bagaria 28 Graduate house of Mica in Giridih since more than 30 years in the name and style of M/s Mohan International, Promoted by Sri Kamal Pd. Bagaria.

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1.3. Brief description of nature, size, location of the project and its importance to the country, region

1.3.1 Nature The proposed project is an expansion industrial project which is manufacturing pig iron and Hard Coke form various raw materials like iron ore, quartz, lime stone, coke, dolomite, Lime stone, Coal etc. Addition of induction furnace is proposed to enhance the feasibility of the unit. The proposed project is listed in the new EIA Notification S.O. 1533, dated 14.09.06 as category A at Serial No. 3(a) under heading No. 3 and 4(b) under heading No. 4 of Materials Production. It requires prior environmental clearance from Ministry of Environment and Forest, Government of India, New Delhi.

Pig Iron is reduced molten metallic form of Iron Ore. The natural iron ore has

chemical composition Fe2O3. the natural Iron Ore is reduced in the process of iron making and the oxygen is eliminated by the gas carbon monoxide by burning coke in front of the tuyeres to produce Iron i.e. Fe. Hence, the pig iron is a refined form of the natural iron ore. The pig iron is the basic raw-material for manufacture of grey iron casting; malleable iron and S.G. iron castings. It is used in the induction furnace, foundry and casting units etc.

Sponge iron, Steel Scrap, Cast Iron are segregated and separated as per the quality required for the finished product. Melting Scrap and Cast Iron together with sponge iron is first weighed and is charged from the top of the induction furnace. The product is mainly used in Re-rolling mills, Mills manufacturing Bar, flats, wires and rods, sections, beams angles, channels which are widely used in construction projects like bridges, dams, plants etc. The manufacturing activity is considered to be one of the major air polluting projects, which account for significant impact on air quality in and around the project area, if proper mitigative measures are not incorporated.

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1.3.2 Size Existing plant has set up one Mini Blast Furnace of 23 m3 and hard coke of 24 ovens only. It is proposed to add one induction furnace of 6 ton with an annual capacity of 18000 MT. The total cost of the expansion project is estimated to be Rs 2.45 Crores.

Company is in possession of a land measuring 11.75 acres at Vill: Biswasdih in the district of Giridih. The land use will change from fallow to industrial.

1.3.3 Location The proposed site is located at Vill: Biswasdih, P.O. Gadi Srirampur, District Giridih, of Jharkhand State and is about 1.25 KM from State Highway. Latitude : 240 08’ 34” N. Longitude: 860 19’ 51” E. Type of Land: Fallow and Plain land with Gentle slope and 281 M above MSL. Since the entire movement of incoming and outgoing materials will be by road, no rail head or rail connection is required. However a railway line (North Railway Giridih line) passes at a distance of 4.5 Km from the site.

1.3.4 Details of the site:

No. Features Details Vill : Biswasdih, P.O. Gadi Srirampur 1 Village, District and State Dist. Giridih, Jharkhand Survey of India Topo. sheet covering 2 72 L / 8 the plant and surroundings

3 Latitude 240 08’ 34” N.

4 Longitude 860 19’ 51” E.

5 Land use at the proposed project site Industrial

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6 Nearest Highway State Highway 1.25 KM (SW)

7 Nearest Railway Station Giridih - 4.5 km

8 Nearest major habitation Giridih - 4.5 km

9 Nearest River Ushri – 4.1 KM, Barakar River – 8 KM Reserve Forest – NIL, 10 Forest P F - 3 to 10 Km in SW 11 National Park NIL within 10 KM

1.3.5 Importance Pig Iron is one of the basic raw materials required by the foundry and casting industry for manufacture of various types of castings for the engineering sector. There exists a growing demand for pig iron in the international market, which has resulted in the international price of pig iron to soar up. Brazil, currently one of the major suppliers of pig iron in the world market has started to tighten the supply because of high inflation rate and severe shortage of coal. Even other suppliers like Japan and China have become buyers. This coupled with the government’s desire to export more value-added pig iron than iron ore has bettered the prospects of pig iron export.

India was the most economic producer of steel in the world during 1960s, but during 1970s the regular maintenance and technology up gradation aspects of steel plants were neglected which resulted in the decline of steel production. During the same period the steel industry in other parts of the world was moving up technologically, aiming at energy saving and efficient utilization of all grade of raw materials. Under such circumstances Indian steel prices went up with regard to international prices, which in turn affected the rate of consumption.

The growth of the steel sector is intricately linked with the growth of the Indian economy and especially the growth of the steel consuming sectors. India has become self-sufficient in iron and steel materials in the last 3 - 4 years. Exports are rising and

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imports are falling. Production and production capacities are increasing. At the same time, productivity of our steel plants must be maintained at levels close to international standards.

The role of secondary steel sector is very significant in meeting the demand supply gap, in view of the fact that the existing integrated steel plants have its limitations to push up output in short term. Also on other hand, setting up of a new integrated steel plant will take its own course.

1.4 Scope of the study In order to assess the present environmental scenario and the likely impacts, due to the construction and operation of the proposed plant at Biswasdih village, Giridih, Jharkhand, India. The project proponent assigned Eco Care, Asansol, West Bengal to carry out the study and prepare the Environmental Impact Assessment Report of the project for statutory compliance and mitigation of impacts.

The EIA/EMP Report has appropriately examined the anticipated impacts of the project during its development and operation phase. Mitigation measures have been suggested and implementation schedule provided as per requirements of the Ministry of Environment & Forests, New Delhi.

1.5 Report Preparation All the findings have been presented in the EIA Report covering the issues of approved Terms of Reference and other relevant information towards Environmental Clearance as per EIA Notification, S.O. 1533, dated 14th September 2006.

The EIA/EMP Report prepared for the proposed plant is presented in the following Chapters:

Chapter 1 : Introduction Chapter 2 : Project Descriptions Chapter 3 : Description of the Environment Chapter 4 : Anticipated Impacts & Mitigation Measures Chapter 5 : Analysis of Alternatives Chapter 6 : Environmental Monitoring Program

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Chapter 7 : Additional Studies Chapter 8 : Project Benefits Chapter 9 : EMP Chapter 10 : Summary & Conclusion Chapter 11 : Disclosure of Consultants

1.6 Screening & Scoping The proposed Terms of Reference along with Form I of the proposed project was submitted to Ministry of Environment and Forest, Government of India, New Delhi for the environment clearance process on 17.08.2009 and presented before the EAC of MoEF during 6th meeting of the Expert Appraisal Committee (Industry - 1) held on 22nd–23rd December, 2009. The approved Terms of Reference was issued by MoEF, New Delhi to M/s Lal Ferro Alloys Co. (P) Limited on 08.01.2010 vide F. No. J- 11011/537/2009- IA II (I). The EIA Report has been prepared based primarily on approved Terms of Reference in accordance with the requirements of the EIA Notification S.O. 1533, Dated 14th September 2006.

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CHAPTER - 2 PROJECT DESCRIPTIONS

2.1 TYPE OF THE PROJECT The proposed project is an expansion industrial project which is manufacturing pig iron and Hard Coke form various raw materials like iron ore, quartz, lime stone, coke, dolomite, Lime stone, Coal etc. Addition of induction furnace is proposed to enhance the feasibility of the unit. The proposed project is listed in the new EIA Notification S.O. 1533, dated 14.09.06 as category A at Serial No. 3(a) under heading No. 3 and 4(b) under heading No. 4 of Materials Production. It requires prior environmental clearance from Ministry of Environment and Forest, Government of India, New Delhi.

Pig Iron like other iron & steel manufacturing processes in general generates air pollution, solid waste and noise pollution to a great extent. Water pollution is not of great concern in this type of unit.

Pig Iron is reduced molten metallic form of Iron Ore. The natural iron ore has

chemical composition Fe2O3 which is reduced in the process of iron making and the oxygen is eliminated by oxidation of carbon monoxide to carbon dioxide by burning coke in front of the tuyeres to produce Iron i.e. Fe. Hence, the pig iron is a refined form of the natural iron ore. The pig iron is the basic raw-material for manufacture of grey iron casting; malleable iron and S.G. iron castings. It is used in the induction furnace, foundry and casting units etc. Pig Iron contains 3.5 to 4.5 percent carbon.

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incorporated.

Ambient air quality is obviously poor due to significant quantities of stack emissions and fugitive emissions. Air pollution is generated from the stacks connected to the blast furnace, coke oven and Induction Furnace. The nature of the raw materials used and high volumetric flow rate of gases result in significant quantities of particulate emission which are much above permissible standards. Effective mitigative measures are essential to control the high stack emissions.

Fugitive emission is also high in various sections of such units, but is significantly high in the raw material handling & feeding point along with the product tapping section. The operating floor of the plant has excessive fugitive emission which is dependent on the design of the stack dimensions and the nature of the raw materials used.

The decontrol of the steel sector in 1992 has ushered in a revolution in the creation of rash capacity in the industry. Moreover, with the abolition of the freight equalisation scheme, regional concentration of demand centers have emerged, opening up this vital core sector to smaller players in their backyard markets using the Mini Blast Furnace and induction furnace methods of steel making.

2.2 NEED FOR THE PROJECT: Higher investment in construction sector and infrastructure and sustained growth in the automobile sector etc. have resulted in increase in the demand of iron and steel products. Accordingly higher growth is also expected in foundry products. Projections of the pig iron demand in India for varying time horizons from 2001-02 to 2011-12 have been made by various agencies from time to time. Although the focus of Indian steel industry is on the domestic market, export will be another window on the demand side. The growth of exports of steel from India has been around 10 percent per annum over the past decade. That speaks for the international cost competitiveness of the steel sector. It takes assiduous effort to create, and hold on to export markets. While the business decision to export will depend on the prevailing relative prices, a growth rate of around 13 percent per annum is envisaged up to 2019-20.

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Over the last few years, there has been a great change in the Indian Economic scenario which has concomitant impact on industries. Under spell of liberalization, the Indian Steel Industry has witnessed a rapid growth. Induction Furnace method of producing steel has gained momentum due to upcoming of sponge iron being a substitute for scrap, the demand for Sponge Iron is on the rise mainly for two reasons i.e. Firstly, with an improvement in the Steel scenario, there has been a growth in the use of Electric Arc and Induction Furnace method of producing steel which requires the use of good quality scrap, and secondly due to the shortfall in the availability of good quality scrap.

Review of the Plant Pig Iron The Pig Iron is one stage advance of the Sponge Iron where the iron ore reduces to

the “molten metallic iron”. The iron ore (Fe2O3) is reduced to Iron (Fe) through different chemical reactions to form molten metallic iron, which is called “PIG IRON”. The Pig Iron is the raw material for casting and steel making units. There is huge demand for pig iron in this region. The pig iron is used in the induction furnaces & casting unit for the production of M.S. and Alloys and other casting jobs as per requirement.

The concept of Mini Blast Furnace is well established in China where iron is produced through the Mini Blast Furnace just like induction furnace in India.

The proposed plant is located in the state of Jharkhand and close to the area which is rich in both coal and iron ore being the basic raw materials for manufacturing Pig Iron. Pig Iron is essential raw material with sponge iron for the induction furnace. There is a rapid growth of steel industry in this state. The company would take advantage of the growing market trend in respect to demand of finished steel and hence demand for Pig iron is expected to increase day by day.

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Existence of the plant under study is expected to improve the socio-economic conditions by raising the gross economic output of the area. It is also the expectation that the enterprise shall provide additional avenues of employment and improved infrastructural facilities and living standards in terms of housing, water supply, medical facilities, transport, schools etc. Hence it is desirable that all such qualities and impact of the project on socio economic fabric of the area should be taken into consideration.

Hard Coke Plant Hard coke are carbonized coking coal in deficient air and is a very good fuel for manufacturing pig iron through mini blast furnace route. Besides the imported Prime Coking Coal, suitably designed fast coking beehive coke ovens can successfully carbonize even the inferior coking coals which fail to produce satisfactory coke in by-product coke ovens. The availability of both imported Prime Coking Coal and indigenous inferior coking coal is assured for considerable period in future. The capital investment of the beehive coke oven plant is only about one-tenth of that for a by-product coke oven plant of same capacity. Beehive coke ovens can be installed as small scale industrial units generating considerable employment opportunities. Coke making through non-recovery technology (beehive) due to its inherent features of carbonisation at negative pressure and complete burning of all hydrocarbons with large excess air has got the distinct advantages over conventional coke ovens in respect of pollution control. Induction Furnace Over the last few years, there has been a great change in the Indian Economic scenario which has concomitant impact on industries. Under spell of liberalization, the Indian Steel Industry has witnessed a rapid growth. Induction Furnace method of producing steel has gained momentum due to upcoming of sponge iron being a substitute for scrap, the demand for Sponge Iron is on the rise mainly for two reasons i.e. Firstly, with an improvement in the Steel scenario, there has been a growth in the use of Electric Arc and Induction Furnace method of producing steel which requires the use of good quality scrap, and secondly due to the shortfall in the availability of good quality scrap.

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Steel manufacturing with commercial scrap does not result in the production of defined quality of steel because of unknown impurities present in the scrap, the final product fetches low price. The principal raw materials sponge iron is available from local industries in Giridih. Procurement of the principal raw materials will be economical convenient and smooth and therefore the promoters have preferred to set up the proposed project at proposed site of Biswasdih, Jharkhand.

The plant is expected to improve the socio-economic conditions by raising the gross economic output of the area. The enterprise shall also provide additional avenues of employment and improved infrastructural facilities and living standards in terms of housing, water supply, medical facilities, transport, schools etc.

Future outlook of steel With moderate supply addition through brown field expansions, steady demand growth and continued level of imports and exports, the steel industry's operating ratio is likely to improve to almost 95 per cent by 2007-08. The downstream sector's operating rates will largely hinge on the level of imports and exports, because the domestic demand-capacity ratio is low. The demand growth of flat steel products is expected to be around 7.5 per cent, driven by strong demand in sectors like auto, pipes and tubes, construction etc. The growth in downstream sectors will also be buoyant. On the other hand, till 2007-08, supply growth will mainly come from brown-field expansions, which will keep pace with demand growth. But operating rates will decline in 2008-09 & 2009-10 because Tata Iron and Steel Company Ltd is likely to partially commission (to the tune of 3 million tonnes per annum) its Orissa plant and Jindal’s mega steel plant in West Bengal.

2.3 LOCATION: The proposed site is located at Vill: Biswasdih, P.O. Gadi Srirampur, District: Giridih, of Jharkhand State. The site is in proximity to State Highway connecting Giridih and Dhanbad which is about 1.25 KM from the site. The area has all necessary infrastructure facilities such as road, nearness to rail head, telephone facilities and electric power with electric sub station. Nearest Railway Station is Giridih at 4.5 km. The site is located close to down the line users of the product. DVC will supply

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electricity to the plant.

Transportation facilities to access various markets are readily available. Both skilled and unskilled labour is available in the area.

No major impacts due to project location is envisaged as it is situated at a considerable distance from various environmental sensitive locations like dense human habitation, forest, water course, mountain, etc. However the land use will change permanently from rural barren to industrial.

2.3.1 Factors taken into consideration while selecting the site: • Availability of land, present land use / conditions & geography • Facilities for procurement of raw materials & supply of finished goods. • Availability of resources for such project. • Overall impact on environment • Socio – economic background & Other infrastructural facilities

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ENVIRONMENTAL SETTING OF THE SITE No. Features Details Vill : Biswasdih, P.O. Gadi 1 Village, District and State Srirampur Dist. Giridih, Jharkhand Survey of India Topo. sheet covering the plant 2 72 L / 8 and surroundings 3 Latitude 240 08’ 34” N. 4 Longitude 860 19’ 51” E. 5 Land use at the proposed project site Industrial State Highway – 1.25 KM 6 Nearest Highway (SW) 7 Nearest Railway Station Giridih - 4.5 km 8 Nearest major habitation Biswasdih - 1 km 9 Nearest River Usri Nadi – 4.1 KM, 10 Forest P F - 3 to 10 Km (SW) 11 National Park & Reserve Forest NIL within 10 KM

There are no national parks / wildlife sanctuary / reserve forests within 10 km. radius. A map showing land use / land cover and non-presence of reserved forests, wildlife sanctuaries, national parks, tiger reserve etc in 10 km of the project site is attached as Plates at the end of report.

As there are some other coal based and metallurgical industrial units in the area hence there will be moderate to significant build up of pollutants.

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LOCATION MAP OF DISTRICT

PLANT SITE

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LOCATION MAP OF SITE

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2.3.2 Land and Plant Lay Out The Company has already possessed a land measuring 11.75 acres at Vill: Biswasdih, District: Giridih which is bounded and developed. The present landuse of proposed area is fallow at an elevation of 281 m above MSL. The vicinity of the unit is occupied by very thin human habitation, but some industries like Steel, Refractory and Coke etc. are present and proposed in the vicinity.

The general layout of the proposed plant has been developed keeping in the view the following factors: • Uninterrupted flow of materials in accordance with the technological requirements. • Contours and gradient of the site • Optimum lead for transport of materials and for service lines • Predominant wind direction • Logistic approach in location of technological units as well as service facilities • Safety clearances & statutory provisions • Close proximity to rich iron ore sources

2.3.3 Topography and Drainage The topography of the site is flat. Ursi River flows from north-west to south-east on the eastern part of the site. It is a perennial water source of the area and also the sink for industrial and domestic waste water from the area. A large number of ponds, reservoirs are present in the area. Number of dug-wells and tube wells are present in the 10 km study area.

The study area is part of lower Gondwanas and consists of the general Stratigraphy sequence of Talchir, Da-muda and Panchet rocks of which Damuda series is the most important. The important rock types are sandstones, shales, traps and coal seams. The entire region is a plain area having a gentle slope from the south to the north. This needs to be changed as the details of study area in toposheet in presentation are not clear, original topo to be referred.

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2.3.4 LAND USE BREAKUP The total area of land acquired by the company for the project is about 11.75 acres at Vill: Biswasdih, Giridih, Jharkhand.

Land Use Breakup

Area SL No Type of use (in acres)

1 Plant Area 2.80

2 Raw Material Storage 1.34

3 Road & Infrastructure 1.86

4 Green belt 3.86

5 Office & Stores 0.16

6 Vacant area 1.73

TOTAL LAND AREA 11.75

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PLOT DETAILS:

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PLANT LAYOUT WITH GREEN BELT

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2.4 SIZE OR MAGNITUDE OF OPERATION 2.4.1 PRODUCTION CAPACITY The proposal is for addition of one Induction Furnace unit (18000 TPA) to already installed Pig Iron Unit (12000 TPA) and Hard Coke Unit (15000 TPA) form various raw materials like iron ore, quartz, lime stone, coke, dolomite, Lime stone, Coal etc.

2.4.2 QUANTITY OF INCOMING MATERIALS SL RAW SPECIFIC REQUIREMENT REQUIREMENT No MATERIAL CONSUMPTION PER DAY PER YEAR PIG IRON UNIT (EXISTING) 1 IRON ORE 1.6 64 19200 2 COKE 0.75 30 9000 3 DOLOMITE 0.1 4 1200 4 LIME STONE 0.12 5 1500 MANGANESE 5 0.04 1.6 480 ORE HARD COKE (EXISTING) 1 COAL 1.25 62.5 18750 INDUCTION FURNACE (PROPOSED) 1 PIG IRON 0.67 40 12000 2 SPONGE IRON 0.5 30 9000 3 SCRAP 0.12 7.20 2160

SOURCE OF RAW MATERIALS SL MODE OF ITEM SOURCE No TRANSPORTATION 1 IRON ORE Barajamda Road 2 COKE In House Road 3 DOLOMITE Bhutan Road 4 LIME STONE Patratu Road 5 MANGANESE ORE In House Road 6 COAL BCCL, Jharkhand Road

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The operational efficiency and quality of product are mainly dependent upon the quality and size of raw material, hence utmost care will be taken in procuring and storage of the raw materials.

2.4.2.1 MASS BALANCE

Material balance for Induction Furnace

2.4.2.2 Petrographic analysis of Raw Materials

COAL

MINERALOGY

Sl. Vitrai Fusian Clarian Durian Organic Quartz Chalcopyri No n (%) (%) (%) Matrix (%) te . (%) (%) (%) 1 44-48 20-23 9-13 4-7 2-4 2-3 < 2 2 43-47 21-24 8-12 3-6 2-3 3-4 2-3 3 45-49 19-23 7-11 5-7 2-4 2-3 < 2

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DESCRIPTION The rock is non clastic carbonaceous sedimentary rock, mainly composed of organic materials. The rock is black to dark grey in colour, have glossy luster and splintery fracture. It is composed of mainly vitran, fusian, clarian with minor amount of durian, organic matrix, quartz and chalcopyrite. Vitrans occur as fine to medium sized, brilliant black band of organic material. They are aligned along the main foliation of the rock. They are the most voluminous material of the rock. Fusians also occur as very fine to medium grained, soft and powdery bands. They occur alternately and in association with vitrans. Clarians occur as fine, laminated bright grains. They are distributed randomly throughout the rock. Durians occur as very fine to medium dull bands, in association with other bands of vitran and fusian. They rock is cemented together by very fine organic materials. Minor amount of chalcopyrite are present arbitrary in the sample.

COMMENTS The rock is non clastic carbonaceous sedimentary rock, mainly composed of organic materials. It composed of mainly vitran, fusian, clarian with minor amount of durian, organic matrix, quartz and chalcopyrite.

Sample preparation

Fig. 1: Photomicrograph showing vitran (Vit), fusian Fig. 2: Photomicrograph showing vitran (Vit), fusian (Fus), clarian (Cla) and durian (Dur) in plane (Fus), clarian (Cla) and durian (Dur) in crossed polarized light (ore microscopy). nicols (ore microscopy).

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Coal samples Coal samples were crushed and fine powder was used for making pallets for XRF studies. For ICP-MS analysis, the solutions of samples were prepared by wet ashing digestion method. Wet ashing (open vessel acid) digestion: Coal samples were ashed in concentrated H2SO4 to digest the organic materials and retain volatile metals as sulfates. The mixture of coal and sulfuric acid was heated in a platinum crucible, first on a hotplate for 3 h and then in a muffle furnace at 520 °C. The ashed product or an ash sample was treated with perchloric and hydrofluoric acid and heated at 200 °C to incipient

dryness. When fume emissions ceased, the residue was dissolved in 4% HNO3 and washed into a 25 ml calibrated flask. Clear solutions were obtained, indicating complete dissolution of solid samples. Volumes of acid were matched to the initial sample size as far as possible. The initial volumes of sulfuric, perchloric and hydrofluoric acid (1, 3 and 5 ml, respectively, for digestion of a 150 mg sample) were reduced for smaller sample sizes: for 10 mg samples, the amounts of the three acids used were 100, 300 and 500 µl, respectively. They could not be decreased any further for the 5 mg sample since a minimum working volume was necessary to rinse the crucibles properly.

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Trace Element of Coal Sample

Elements E3C-1 E3C-1 E3C-1 Major oxides of Coal Sample (ppb)

Na 30 24 26 E3C - E3C - Major oxides E3C -3 K 34 30 30 (wt.%) 1 2 Mg 49 50 54 SiO2 36.94 38.45 42.01 Ca 1890 1530 1754 Al O 18.31 20.38 17.82 2 3 Y 2 1 1 Fe2O3 5.9 6.7 4.5 Zr 31 30 30

TiO2 1.01 0.4 0.8 Cr 24 24 25

P2O5 2.12 3.02 1.98 Mn 18 15 13 CaO 4.54 2.98 3.07 Fe 1116 1298 1064 MgO 4.14 3.47 3.53 Co 2 1 1 Cu 9 7 7 SO3 2.83 2.24 3.47 Alkalies 3.63 2.57 2.01 Al 1594 1328 1276 LOI 20.41 19.5 20.77 As 4 4 6 Si 48 54 51 Total 99.83 99.71 99.96 Pb 0.5 0.5 0.3

La 0.9 0.8 0.9 Ce 3 1 1 Pr 0.3 0.5 0.2 Eu 0.1 0.1 BDL Ho 0.1 BDL 0.1 Er 0.3 0.4 0.6 Lu 0.1 BDL 0.1 Ba 3 2 2 Hf 109 125 116 Ni 5 7 4 Zn 23 25 27 Yb 0.3 0.1 0.1 Ti 270 284 250 Cd 0.1 Bdl 0.1 Nd 2 1 1 Sm 0.4 0.2 0.1 Gd 0.5 0.6 0.6 Dy 0.5 0.7 0.5 P 198 201 213 Pt BDL 0.1 0.1 V 16 21 18 Bdl – Below detectible Limit CH-II: 18 Chapter 2 – Project Report - Final Report M/s Lal Ferro Alloys Co.(P) Ltd, Vill- Biswasdih, Giridih, Jharkhand Induction Furnace (18000 TPA), Pig Iron (12000 TPA), Hard Coke (15000 TPA)

The samples were prepared for the XRD analysis for the minerals. The material obtained was used to prepare smear slides. The smear slides were then run on potassium KA2 stripping, Phillips X-Ray diffractometer with nickel filter Cu-K radiation. For each sample a diffractogram was recorded for 2o ranging from 2o to 60o, scanning speed 1o/min., chart speed at 10mm per minute and C.P.S. 4 X 102 . o The X-rays diffractogram so obtained and the d-spacing d1, d2,…….,dn A were noted

where d1 is the largest spacing and other are successive smaller spacings. These 2 2 2 2 2 2 spacings were computed by the formulae d /d1 /d1 /dn ………..d1 /dn . This set of squared quotients was used to determine the different minerals using Crystal Impact Software.

INTERPRETATION

The XRD analysis shows the presence of the following minerals with distinctive

peaks, d-spacingTable: and Showinghardness minerals(H) on Mohs present scale inis theshown sample in following and their table: respective hardness

Sl. No. Mineral Hardness 1 Quartz 7 2 Kaolinite 2-2.5 3 Calcite 3 4 Chalcopyrite 3.5-4 5 Illite 1-2

The X-ray diffraction analysis on the basis of the peak intensity counts and intensity percentages of the distinctive peaks suggest that the material is dominantly composed of organic matters, quartz, calcite, kaolinite, illite and chalcopyrite.

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Fig 1: X-Ray Diffraction graph of coal sample showing mineral composition IRON OREof Quartz (Q), kaolinite (K), chalcopyrite (Ch), illite (I) and Calcite (Ca).

MINERALOGY

Sl. Hemati Quartz Martite Magneti Geothi Sulphide No. te (chert) (%) te (%) te Minerals (%) (%) (%) (%) 1 70-74 6-10 5-8 2-4 2-4 T 2 69-73 6-11 5-8 3-5 2-3 T 3 70-75 7-10 6-9 2-4 < 2 < 2 T= Trace (< 1%)

DESCRIPTION The rock is completely oxidized iron ore and composed mainly of alternating lamina of dense microcrystalline and porous cryptoplaty hematite, martite with minor amount of goethite, magnetite and traces of sulphide minerals. Hematites are fine grained, massive, bluish white in color. They occur in form of porous cryptoplaty hematite and appear to replace earlier chert mesobands. Two petrographic varieties of massively textured hematite are recognized. One variety is composed of a rather porous intergrowth of martite with crypto- and microplaty hematite. In the sample, original chert intraclasts and magnetite crystals are both replaced by cryptoto microplaty hematite. The sample is also composed of a dense intergrowth of euhedral to subhedral equigranular magnetite, which is almost

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completely transformed to martite. Crypto- and microplaty hematite fills pores between the equigranular martite. Martites are fine grained, euhedral and occur arbitrary in association with hematite. They occur as pseudomorphs after Magnetite crystals. Geothite are also fine grained, massive, occasionally acicular, euhedral. Magnetites occur in minor amount as unaltered fresh samples. They are fine grained, euhedral and granular. Chert are very fine grained, cryptocrystalline and found to occur in dissolved bands. Traces of sulphide minerals such as pyrite are present in the ore.

COMMENTS The rock is completely oxidized iron ore and composed mainly of alternating lamina of dense microcrystalline and porous cryptoplaty hematite, martite with minor amount of goethite, magnetite and traces of sulphide minerals.

Fig. 1: Photomicrograph showing microcrystalline Fig. 2: Photomicrograph showing hematite (Mh), martite (Mr), goethite (Geo), microcrystalline hematite (Mh), martite chert (Ch) and magnetite (Mt) in plane (Mr), goethite (Geo), chert (Ch) and polarized light. (ore microscopy) magnetite (Mt) in crossed nicols. (ore

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Iron ore samples Iron ore samples were crushed in chrome mill. Then powdered samples were bombard using Teflon bomb. The solution of the residue, were then ashed in hydrofluoric acid, hydrochloric acid and percholic acid. Then solution is stored in

dilute HNO3. Major elements of Iron Ore Sample no. E3 I-1 E3 I -2 E3 I -3 Major oxides (wt %)

SiO2 0.21 0.48 0.67 Al2O3 0.56 0.87 0.79 Fe2O3 96.9 96.4 95.8 MgO Nd 0.01 Nd CaO 0.02 0.04 0.02 Na2O Nd Nd Nd K2O 0.02 Nd 0.01 TiO2 0.01 0.02 0.02 P2O5 0.01 0.03 0.01 MnO 0.61 0.81 0.71 Cr2O3 0.01 Nd 0.02 C 0.05 0.04 0.06 S Nd 0.01 Nd LOI 1.53 1.11 1.75 Total 99.93 99.82 99.86 Nd – Not detected

Trace elements (ppm) of Iron Ore Trace elements (ppm) E3 I -1 E3 I -2 E3 I -3 Th 0.1 0.2 0.4 U 0.7 0.6 0.9 V 17 12 8 W 1.24 1.01 1.01 Co 1.3 0.9 1.4 Mo 0.9 0.8 2.4 Cu 1.8 2.4 4 Pb 1.01 0.8 0.6 Zn 1.23 1.01 0.9 Ni 1.7 2.1 3.2 As 3.2 2.21 3.09 Sb 0.3 0.1 0.4 Au 0.9 0.6 0.8 Hg BDL 0.01 BDL BDL – Below Detectible Limit

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METHODOLOGY

INTERPRETATION

The XRD analysis shows the presence of the following minerals with distinctive peaks, d-spacing and hardness (H) on Mohs scale is shown in following table:

Table: Showing minerals present in the sample and their respective hardness Sl. No. Mineral Hardness (Mohs Scale) 1 Hematite 5.5-6.5 2 Martite 5-6

3 Geothite 5-5.5 4 Quartz (Chert) 7

The X-ray diffraction analysis on the basis of the peak intensity counts and intensity percentages of the distinctive peaks suggest that the material is dominantly composed of hematite, martite, geothite and chert. Few weak peaks of sulphide minerals are also observed.

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Fig 1: X-Ray Diffraction graph of Iron ore sample showing mineral composition of Hematite (Hm), Geothite (Go), Martite (Mr) and Quartz (Q).

LIMESTONE

MINERALOGY

Sl. Calcit Dolomite Aragonit Quartz Siderite No. e (%) e (%) (%) (%) (%) 1 74-78 8-12 2-4 2-3 2-3 2 74-77 7-11 3-5 3-4 < 2 3 75-78 7-11 3-4 3-4 2-3

DESCRIPTION The rock is massive calcareous sedimentary rock and mainly composed of calcite

(CaCO3). It is composed mainly of calcium carbonate minerals like calcite, dolomite with minor amount of aragonite, quartz and siderite. Calcites are fine to medium grained, sub-rounded to sub-angular. At places, medium grained calcite grains show typical calcite cleavage (2 set perfect). They show very good twinning. Some grains of calcite are replaced by fine quartz grains. Dolomites are also fine to medium grained, sub-angular, granular and massive. They have

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perfect cleavage. Aragonites are fine grained and irregular in shape. Some of grains show polysynthetic twinning. Minor amount of siderite (Iron carbonate) are present arbitrary as inclusion in calcite. Very fine to fine grains of quartz are present as an altered product of calcite.

COMMENTS The rock is massive calcareous sedimentary rock and mainly composed of calcite

(CaCO3). It is composed mainly of calcium carbonate minerals like calcite, dolomite with minor amount of aragonite, quartz and siderite.

Fig. 1: Photomicrograph showing calcite (Cal), Fig. 2: Photomicrograph showing calcite (Cal), dolomite (Dol), aragonite (Arg), sedirite dolomite (Dol), aragonite (Arg), sedirite (Sed) and quartz (Qtz) in plane polarized (Sed) and quartz (Qtz) in crossed nicols.

Samples were powdered using jaw crusher and Agate ball mill and the fine powder was used for making pellets for further XRF analysis. The solutions of the samples were prepared using wet ashing digestion method. In this method, the samples were ashed in a 2:1 mixture of Hydrofloric acid and Hydrochloric acid, at 150°C until the samples were completely dissolved. Then the resulting clear solutions were treated with percolic acid at 150°C, until formation of gel. Lastly solutions of the gel were prepared using dilute nitric acid.

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Major Oxides of Limestone Samples

Oxides (wt%) E3L-1 E3L-2 E3L--3

SiO2 0.31 0.34 0.29

Fe2O3 0.02 0.04 0.03

Al2O3 0.09 0.07 0.05

MnO2 0.01 0.02 0.01 CaO 53.04 54.93 51.52 MgO 2.17 1.92 1.64

Na2O 0.14 0.09 0.11 K2O 0.13 0.21 0.15

CO2 43.97 41.75 45.72

TiO2 0.01 0.03 0.01 Total 99.89 99.4 99.53

Trace Element of Limestone Sample Trace Element E3L-1 E3L-2 E3L--3 (ppm) Cu 0.0003 0.0005 0.0005 Cr 0.0009 0.0008 0.0007 Ni 0.0018 0.0025 0.0021 V 0.0098 0.0108 0.0066 Sr 0.0111 0.0104 0.0133 Mo 0.0035 0.0037 0.0034 Zn 0.0017 0.0019 0.0014 As Bdl 0.002 Bdl Bdl- Below detectible limit

METHODOLOGY

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60o, scanning speed 1o/min., chart speed at 10mm per minute and C.P.S. 4 X 102 . o The X-rays diffractogram so obtained and the d-spacing d1, d2,…….,dn A were noted

INTERPRETATION

The XRD analysis shows the presence of the following minerals with distinctive peaks, d-spacing and Hardness (H) on Mohs scale is shown in following table:

Table: Showing minerals present in the sample and their respective hardness Sl. No. Mineral Hardness (Mohs Scale) 1 Calcite 3 2 Dolomite 3.5-4 The X-ray diffraction analysis on the basis of the peak intensity counts and intensity percentages of the distinctive peaks suggest that the material is dominantly composed of calcite with minor amount of dolomite.

Fig 1: X-Ray Diffraction graph of Limestone sample showing mineral composition of Calcite (C) and Dolomite (D).

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DOLOMITE

MINERALOGY

Sl. Dolomi Calcite Barite Fluorite Quartz No. te (%) (%) (%) (%) (%) 1 77-81 4-8 3-5 2-3 2-3 2 77-82 5-9 2-4 < 2 2-3 3 78-82 4-8 3-5 2-3 < 2

DESCRIPTION The rock is a sedimentary rock, mainly composed of carbonate minerals. It is composed mainly of dolomite, calcite with minor amount of fluorite, barite and quartz.

Dolomites are very fine to medium grained, sub-rounded to sub-angular. Some of medium grained dolomites show typical dolomictic cleavage (rhombohedrons). They are mostly light colored and represented by a dolosparitic mosaic. The crystal boundaries are well-developed but lacking of interlock grains. Some grains of dolomite are replaced by fine quartz grains. Calcites are also very fine to fine grained, sub-angular and massive. They are mostly distributed in intergranular space of dolomite grains as filled materials. Some of calcite grains have perfect two set cleavages. Barite occurs as very fine to fine grained sub-angular, bladed or tabular crystals. Fluorites are fine grained, granular and sub-angular. Some of fluorite grains show weak isotropism. Very fine to fine grains of quartz are present as an altered product of dolomite and calcite.

COMMENTS The rock is a sedimentary rock, mainly composed of carbonate minerals. It is composed mainly of dolomite, calcite with minor amount of fluorite, barite and quartz.

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F ig. 1: Photomicrograph showing dolomite (Dol), Fig. 2: Photomicrograph showing dolomite (Dol), calcite (Cal), Barite (Ba) and quartz (Qtz) in calcite (Cal), Barite (Ba) and quartz (Qtz) in crossed nicols.

Major Oxides of Dolomite Samples

Major Oxides E3D-1 E3D-2 E3D-3 (wt %) MgO 52.39 54.23 49.12 CaO 28.48 26.42 33.57

SiO2 0.17 0.15 0.21

Fe2O3 0.42 0.43 0.36

Al2O3 0.14 0.17 0.24

K2O 0.01 0.04 0.02

TiO2 0.07 1.01 0.05 MnO 0.14 0.09 0.26

Na2O 0.24 0.29 0.19 LOI 17.87 16.92 15.49 Total 99.93 99.75 99.51

Trace Element of Dolomite Sample

Trace Element E3D-1 E3D-2 E3D-3 (ppm) Cu 4.01 5.21 7.01 Pb 4.21 5.01 7.23 Ni 15.01 13.48 18.12 Ga 2.11 4.23 3.48 V 32.67 29.16 25.04

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Se 0.12 0.19 Nd Rb 12.45 14.05 19.45 Sr 62.64 81.05 59.48 Ba 54.94 48.66 56.51 Cr 1.01 Nd Nd Y 68.45 43.45 51.04 Ca 84.46 71.64 64.98 La 15.65 14.05 10.98 Zn 4.34 3.28 5.06

Nd – Not detected

METHODOLOGY

INTERPRETATION The XRD analysis shows the presence of the following minerals with distinctive peaks, d-spacing and Hardness (H) on Mohs scale is shown in following table: Table: Showing minerals present in the sample and their respective hardness Sl. No. Mineral Hardness (Mohs Scale) 1 Dolomite 3.5-4 2 Calcite 3 3 Quartz 6 4 Barite 3-4 5 Fluorite 4

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The X-ray diffraction analysis on the basis of the peak intensity counts and intensity percentages of the distinctive peaks suggest that the material is dominantly composed of dolomite, calcite, quartz, barite and fluorite.

Fig 1: X-Ray Diffraction graph of Dolomite sample showing mineral composition of dolomite (D), barite (B), quartz (Q), fluorite (F) and calcite (C).

2.4.3 PROJECT COST The total cost of the expansion project is estimated at Rs. 2.45 Crores. It includes cost of land, building & sheds, plant & machinery, electrical and other fixed investment.

2.4.4 MANPOWER REQUIREMENT The total man power required for the project has been estimated at 120, inclusive of managerial, supervisory, administrative, skilled /unskilled workers, and security staff. Training would also be provided by the consultant. Company does not envisage any difficulty in availability of adequate man power.

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2.4.5 POWER The power requirement for the proposed unit is 500 KVA. The power shall be sourced through DVC and DG sets 0f 500 KVA will be installed for emergency.

Details of Electric Motor Installed:

SL No. DESCRIPTION KVA 1 Pollution Equipment 14.92 2 Pump House 85.79 3 Blast Furnace 294.67 4 Hard Coke 104.44 5 Miscellaneous 0.18 Total 500.00

2.4.6 WATER Ground water source shall be used for which appropriate number of bore wells will be dug. Circulating water requirement for the plant is 23-25 m3 .Total make-up water estimated at 160 m3/day.

Plant Section Make up Water Quantity Blast furnace 120 m3/day Induction furnace 15 m3/day Hard coke plant 20 m3/day Domestic use 5 m3/day total make up requirement 160 m3/day

Water will be sourced from under ground through bore well. Application for withdrawal of under ground water has been made which is expected within a short period.

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WATER FLOW DIAGRAM

Rain water

Source of Water harvesting

(Bore Well)

Rain Water Tank (800 M3)

/day /day 3

160 M 160 Water Make up tank

3 Process Water Tank 150 M / day (1000 M3)

3 5 M3 / day 5 M / day

15 M3 / day Domestic use Green belt & Water sprinkle /day Evaporation Loss 3 Induction Furnace /day 3 135 135 M Soak pit MBF

134M & Hard Coke Plant

Recycle 16 M3 / day

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2.4.7 FIRE FIGHTING FACILITIES As blast furnace and Sinter plant involves lot of material handling and high temperature operations, so to protect the plant from fire hazards, adequate fire fighting measures have been planned. The following fire protection facilities have been provided. ‹ Fire hydrant system ‹ Portable fire extinguishers ‹ Manual fire alarm system

2.4.8 TRANSPORTATION SYSTEM All the materials required for construction and operation of the plant will be transported through road. State Highway is at a distance of nearly 1.25 Km. from the site which connects Giridih to Dhanbad and NH 2. The site has also good connectivity with other major cities. Hence transportation of materials by road is feasible as the existing network of roads is adequate to accommodate increase of traffic due to the project. Buses will be provided for manpower communication. Most of the workers will be local and if required houses in the nearby villages and town will be taken on lease for accommodating out side manpower. Other major industrial towns like Asansol, Raniganj, Durgapur, Jamshedpur and Rourkela are within an approachable distance from the Plant site.

2.5 PROPOSED SCHEDULE FOR APPROVAL AND IMPLEMENTATION The schedule of implementation of the project is the most reasonable time during which the proposed project can be implemented. This takes into account the time required for various activates i.e. acquisition of land, detailed engineering of the unit including architectural and structural designs, civil construction Procurement of equipment and machinery including utilities and service erection of the equipment test and trial runs etc. The implementation schedule depending upon the timely clearances from statutory bodies, land, completion of pre- construction activities will be 15 to 18 month. This does not include the commissioning schedule, which may take an additional 3 to 5 months.

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2.6 TECHNOLOGY AND PROCESS DESCRIPTION The project envisages manufacture of Pig Iron by Mini Blast Furnace technology Selection of suitable production process and the capacity of the production units form the nucleus around which the basic concept of a plant is developed. While the selection of a process takes into account factors like type of product, availability of local raw material, process status, specific energy consumption, level of energy required, environment, and pollution etc., the capacity selection of major units would depend on the volume of production, available unit sizes, economies of scale etc.

The basic materials used for the manufacture of pig iron are iron ore, coke, and limestone. The coke is the reducing agent and is partly burnt as a fuel to heat the furnace; but to reduce consumption of this expensive commodity, additional fuels, such as natural gas, fuel oil, and pulverized coal are added to the air blast injected near the bottom of the furnace. By doing this, coke consumption has been halved since the 1980s to an average 500 kg (1,100 lb) per tonne of metal produced. The air reacts with the carbon in the coke to produce carbon monoxide, which combines with the iron oxides in the ore, reducing them to metallic iron. This is the basic

chemical reaction in the blast furnace; it has the equation Fe2O3 + 3CO = 3CO2 + 2Fe. The limestone in the furnace charge acts as a flux to combine with the infusible silica present in the ore to form fusible calcium silicate slag. Without the limestone, iron silicate would be formed, with a resulting loss of metallic iron. Calcium silicate and other impurities form a slag that floats on top of the molten metal at the bottom of the furnace. Ordinary pig iron as produced by blast furnaces has the composition: iron, about 92 per cent; carbon, 3 to 4 per cent; silicon, 0.5 to 3 per cent; manganese, 0.25 to 2.5 per cent; phosphorus, 0.04 to 2 per cent; with a trace of sulphur.

A typical blast furnace consists of a cylindrical steel shell lined with a refractory, which is any non-metallic substance such as firebrick. The shell is tapered at the top and at the bottom and is widest at a point about one quarter of the distance from the bottom. The lower portion of the furnace, called the bosh, is equipped with several tubular openings or tuyeres through which the air blast is forced. Near the bottom of the bosh is a hole through which the molten pig iron flows when the furnace is tapped, and above this hole, but below the tuyères, is another hole for draining the

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slag. The top of the furnace, which is about 27 m (90 ft) in height, contains vents for the escaping gases, which are collected, de-dusted, and then blended with natural gas for use as a fuel within the plant. The blast furnace top is fitted with a charging device such as a pair of round hoppers closed with bell-shaped valves through which the charge is introduced into the furnace, or a movable chute that is continuously adjusted to direct the charge to the required spot in the top of the furnace. The materials are brought up to the top of the furnace by conveyor or in small dump cars or skips that are hauled up an inclined external skip hoist.

Blast furnaces operate continuously. The raw material to be fed into the furnace is divided into a number of small charges that are introduced into the furnace at 10- to 15-minute intervals. Slag is drawn off from the top of the melt about once every 2 hours, and the iron itself is drawn off or tapped about five times a day.

An important development in blast-furnace technology, the pressurizing of furnaces, was introduced after World War II. By “throttling” the flow of gas from the furnace vents, the pressure within the furnace may be built up to 1.7 atmosphere or more. The pressurizing technique makes possible better combustion of the coke and higher output of pig iron. The output of many blast furnaces can be increased by 25 per cent in this way. Experimental installations have also shown that the output of blast furnaces can be increased by enriching the air blast with oxygen, a level of 2.5 to 5 per cent being common.

The process of tapping consists of knocking out a clay plug from the iron hole near the bottom of the bosh and allowing the molten metal to flow into a clay-lined runner and then into a large, brick-lined metal container, which may be either a ladle or a rail car capable of holding as much as 100 tonnes or more of metal. Any slag that may flow from the furnace with the metal is skimmed off before it reaches the container. The molten pig iron is then transported to the steel-making shop.

Modern blast furnaces are operated in conjunction with basic oxygen furnaces and occasionally an electric arc furnace, or in a few countries the older open-hearth furnaces, as part of a single steel-producing plant. In such plants the molten pig iron is used to charge the steel furnaces. The molten metal from several blast furnaces may be mixed in a large mixer vessel before it is converted to steel, to minimize any

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irregularities in the composition of the individual melts.

Selection of suitable production process and the capacity of the production units form the nucleus around which the basic concept of a plant is developed. While the selection of a process takes into account factors like type of product, availability of local raw material, process status, specific energy consumption, level of energy required, environment, and pollution etc., the capacity selection of major units would depend on the volume of production, available unit sizes, economies of scale etc.

TECHNOLOGY FOR MANUFACTURE OF HARD COKE Coking coal contributes to approximately 50% of the cost of hot metal. Therefore, it is logical that coke quality and price needs to be kept under control in the iron and steel industry to be competitive. The two primary variables that influence the price and quality of BF coke are – coke making technology and raw materials used. Some of the technological developments that have improved performance of industry are: • Stamp Charging of Coal • Partial Briquetting of Coal Charge (PBCC) • Selective Crushing of Coals • Dry Coke Quenching

Non-Recovery/ Heat Recovery Coke Production: Non-Recovery coke plants, originally referred to as beehive ovens, have large oven chambers. The carbonization process takes place from the top by radiant heat transfer and from the bottom by conduction.

Primary air for combustion is introduced into the oven chamber through several ports located above the charge level in both pusher and coke side doors of the oven. Combusted gases exit through common tunnel via a stack which creates natural draft. Since by-products are not recovered, the process is called Non-Recovery Coke making.

The waste gas is fed into a waste heat recovery boiler to convert excess heat into steam for power generation; hence, the process is also called Heat Recovery Coke

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making.

Non-Recovery Coke Oven Technology The Non-Recovery Coke Ovens are considered eco-friendly in comparison to recovery type. It is less capital intensive and has short construction periods of approximately 6 months. Main features are:

• Energy of carbonisation is supplied by burning the gaseous volatile products released from the coal charge during carbonisation. • Heat generated by the combustion of the volatile matter, produces high temperature zone in the free space above the coal charge. This radiates back into the coal charge downwards. • The products of combustion are drawn through the various points in the oven arch and passed through side wall off-take flues into a series of sole flues located below the oven floor. • Application of heat takes place from above, sides and below the charge. Temperature at the point where burning gases are drawn into the side off take ports is of the order of 1200 oC.

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A typical flow-scheme of Non Recovery Type Coke Oven plant is as given below:

Advantages of Non-Recovery Coke Oven • Low Capital cost; low operating and maintenance cost; and hence low cost per ton of coke conversion. • High coke yield and flexibility of operation; No external heating required • Heat transfer is in vertical direction against horizontal as in case of by-product or recovery type oven design • Exhaust flue gas can be utilized for power generation. • No effluent discharge, all volatiles are fully burnt resulting in clean flue gas with minimal environmental impact. • Ovens of non-recovery type are being operated under suction to avoid any explosion during operation and to prevent pollution. • Extensive flue system ensuring complete combustion of all hydrocarbons leaving a clean stack gas with in permissible limit.

TECHNOLOGY AND PROCESS DESCRIPTION Selection of suitable production process and the capacity of the production units form the nucleus around which the basic concept of a plant is developed. While the selection of a process takes into account various factors including environmental

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pollution, the capacity selection of major units would depend on the volume of production, available unit sizes, economies of scale etc.

INDUCTION FURNACE (M.S. Ingots) – TECHNOLOGY Induction Furnace is an established process for production of liquid steel using 100% solid charge comprising appropriate proportion of Scrap / DRI / HBI / Pig Iron. India has witnessed an un-precedent growth in induction furnace steel making in just two decades. The technology for the proposed mini steel plant is selected as 6 TPH Induction Furnace (steel melting) with an installed capacity for production of 18000 TPA MS Ingots.

Induction furnace (IF)

Major technological features of induction furnace envisaged are as follows. ‹ Two crucible per furnace; one crucible will be powered and other crucible will be kept as standby and ready to take over when the first crucible goes under patching / lining, thus ensuring continuous productivity. ‹ Continuous charging of charge-mix. ‹ Quick release of worn out crucible

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2.6.1 MANUFACTURING PROCESS - PIG IRON The project under study has installed a Mini Blast Furnace of much smaller size. It is going to adopt only some of these techniques which are less capital oriented and provides relatively more benefits. It is going to have higher hot blast temperature, use of sinter and pellets, slag granulation system etc.

With the introduction of Blast Furnace, it has become possible to manufacture iron in a continuous process. The features of the blast furnace are as below:

• An arrangement for charging material in blast furnace. • An arrangement for taking out molten metal. • An arrangement to blow air into the furnace.

Important points of the Mini Blast Furnace manufacturing process are:

• Hearth at the base which serves the purpose of crucible to store molten metal and slag. • A high shaft formed by joining two cones. The one on the lower side is known as “Bosh” and upper one as “Stack”. • A double cup and cone arrangement to close the throat of furnace. • Tapping out the molten metal from one outlet in the lower portion of the hearth. • Let out for lighter slag – another “Slag notch”. • Introducing Blast of air, tuyeres and • Out let for gases of the Furnace. The other important equipment’s of Blast Stoves which contains high alumina bearing balls. The heat of the air is increased by passing through brick work generators, heated by burning the waste gases collected from the top of the furnace. The waste gases collected at the throat of the furnace is burnt in the stove and the products of the combustion passes through the brick work and then to the chimney. The heat is thus observed by the balls and by passing the blast through the stove balls in a direction opposite to that taken by products of combustion it attains the desired temperature. At least three stoves are required, two on gas and one on the blast in a sequence. Advantages of hot air blast:

• The raw coal powder can be used through tuyeres replacing some coke.

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• Less fuel is now required in the furnace, owing to the heat already conveying the air. • The temperature in front of the tuyerers is increased and the fusion zone or the furnace brought lower down. • The furnace works with lesser irregularity and is more easily controlled. • Foundry grade pig iron can be easily produced. In the blast furnace sinter, the iron ore lumps and pellets are charged from top of the blast furnace along with the Coke, Limestone & Dolomite by the help of skip car moving up and down by the electric hoist. It keeps the furnace continuously full to the required level by keeping a watch on the stack gauge rod.

The hot air is blown inside the furnace through the tuyeres. This air provides necessary oxygen for combustion of the coke inside the furnace which generates carbon dioxide. This gas travels upwards, comes across more hot coke and is reduced to the carbon monoxide which helps in preheating and reducing iron ore in successive stages to iron (Fe). The ash of the coke is fluxed with limestone to form slag. The slag and the molten metal accumulate in the hearth of the blast furnace which are subsequently tapped from time to time. It is proposed that the slag will be granulated and the same will be sold as a raw-material for the cement plants. The gas is released from the top of the blast furnace containing calorific value of approx 900 kilo calories/NM3. The gas is passed through dust catcher and the other Gas Cleaning Systems so that it is finally clear enough to be used as a fuel for preheating the air in the Blast Furnace. The liquid hot metal will be directed towards the pig casting machine and it will provide the pig iron shed to the molten metal. Finally the Pig Casting Machine will transport the finished product at the end of the machine. The cooling arrangement of Pig Casting Machine will convert the molten metal into solid pig iron.

CHEMICAL REACTIONS IN THE BLAST FURNACE Considering the chemical change taking place in the blast furnace, the conditions under which it works must be borne in the mind. In the furnace the temperature varies continuously from throat to the hearth. Near the throat the temperature is 2000C max. Next is the stack where the reduction takes place and the temperature is

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up to 800 deg. cent. Next is the zone of slag formation with temperature from 8000C to 12000C and finally near the hearth is the zone of fusion with a temperature of 12000C to 15000C.

After charging the materials, it takes a considerable time in descending to the lower part of the furnace. In its descent, the ore meets carbon-mono-oxide produced from the coke at the hearth and air blast.

2C + O2 = 2 CO Above the boshes, at a dull red heat, the reaction takes place in two stages, as under:- Between 4000C - 7000C:

Fe2O3 + CO = 2 FeO + CO2 Between 7000C - 9000C:

FeO + CO = Fe + CO2 The ore is thus reduced to metallic iron. Further, in the upper zone limestone charged as flux is reduced to lime.

CaCO3 = CaO + CO2 Carbon dioxide is expelled in the upper part of the furnace and calcium oxide combines with the gangue and produces slag consisting of calcium silicate:

CaO + SiO2 = Ca SiO3 Near the centre of the furnace where the temperature is of a bright red heat (10000 - 12000), the following reaction also takes place simultaneously:

2CO = CO2 + C The liberated carbon is utilized for the completion of the reduction process.

The norms of consumption of raw materials differs from plant to plant depending upon the health of the plant, technology followed, nature of important input raw materials, melting practice extent to which fuel injection is practiced, design of plant, resources used efficiency, type of steel manufacture etc. The requirement of raw materials differs from one plant to another depending upon technological route followed. For example raw material needed for integrated steel plants differs very much from those of Electric Arc Furnace (EAF) or Sponge Iron making units.

The steel melting scrap in International market is depleting. Therefore,

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manufacturing of sponge iron, which is a partial substitute, is being encouraged. But all others units needs Iron ore as starting materials, irrespective of process and technology followed. Several units in private sector are engaged in Sponge Iron and merchant Pig Iron making which is eventually used for steel making.

Therefore, it is difficult to summarize precisely the pattern of raw materials consumption in the country. Never the less the Iron ore, manganese ore, coal & coke, flux & refractory, etc are invariably used in Iron and Steel making. The growth in domestic demands (plus expected level of export demand) for Iron and Steel items leads to growth in investment in steel sector and eventually results in increased domestic production. This eventually leads to grow in demand for inputs including raw materials. The forecasting of demand helps industry to gear its activities for expansion of production capacities or locate new source of supply.

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BLAST FURNACE PROCESS FLOW CHART

Raw Material Yard

Feeding Conveyor

Stock House

Charging Cold Blast From Conveyor Blower

Sending BF Gas for BLAST Supplying Gas Cleaning Plant FURNACE Hot Blast Through Stove

Clean Gas to Stove or Flare Metal from Runners From Slag Runner to SGP Stack

PIG CASTING MACHINE

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MATERIAL HANDLING FLOW CHART

RAW MATERIAL STOCK YARD

Feeding Conveyor

Shuttle Conveyor

Bunkers

Vibro Feeder

Vibrating Screens Fines Conveyor

Weigh Hoppers Fines Hoppers

Collecting Conveyor

Charging Conveyor

Blast Furnace Small Bell

Blast Furnace Big Bell

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2.6.2 MANUFACTURING PROCESS – HARD COKE Coking is the process of heating coal in coke ovens to drive volatile matter from it. Ovens are heated by coke-oven gas, which burns in heating flues in an oven's side walls. Waste gases from this combustion pass out through a stack or chimney. At either 20- or 30-minute intervals, the flows of gas, air and waste gas are reversed to maintain uniform temperature distribution across the wall. The design of heating systems varies from battery to battery. Approximately 40 percent of the total coke oven gas produced from coking is returned to the heating flues for burning after having passed through various cleaning and co product recovery processes.

The process of filling the oven with coal is called charging. The actual coking process begins with coal charging. 'Larry cars’ atop the batteries ‘take on’ coal from storage bins and carries it to the ovens. This process can also done manually. Currently it is planned to carry the coal manually to the oven. The coal is dropped through four charging holes in the top of an oven. Charging-hole lids, taken off before charging, are then replaced.

After nearly all the coal has been dropped into an oven, a pusher machine extends a large steel ram to level the coal within the oven to a height that provides a space above the bed of coal to allow for the collection of gases emitted during the coking process. The gases driven from the coal during coking are carried away from the oven through refractory- lined standpipes or ascension pipes. Refractory is a special type of brick. Pipes from each oven are connected to a 'collecting main,' which runs the length of a battery, and which carries the gases and waste ammonia liquor to the coal chemical processing facilities.

During a charge, steam aspirators located in gas off take pipes are turned on to maintain negative pressure in the oven chamber and thus contain charging emissions.

After charging, a worker turns off the steam aspirators, replaces the charging lids and seals them. These designs plus careful work practices minimize emissions.

Once charged, coal is allowed to 'coke' for from, for example, from 24 to 36 hours depending on the battery and the way it is operated. Times may vary even wider

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depending on the battery. The coking time can be changed depending on production requirements. When coking is finished, the oven is dampened from the collecting main and the oven doors are removed. A large ram, mounted on the pusher machine is used to push the coke out of the oven from the 'pusher-side' out through the 'coke side.' A coke guide on the coke side directs the coke across a bench and into a 'quench car.'

A quench car is equipped with emission control devices that spray water over the hot coke to suppress release of particulate emissions.

Preparing Coke for Use After quenching, the temperature of coke is about 300 degrees F to 400 degrees F. The quench car dumps the coke onto a coke wharf, which feeds the coke onto conveyer belts that transport it to a coke screening station.

The screening station is a processing point that either diverts the coke to a truck 'load-out' bin or sends it to be separated according to size. The load-out bin holds the coke for dump trucks to transport it to storage piles. Coke is fed onto a single-deck scalping screen where large pieces of coke are separated for crushing before rejoining the smaller coke for screening.

2.6.3 MANUFACTURING PROCESS – INDUCTION FURNACE

Sponge Iron, Pig Iron, Scrap etc are brought near Induction furnaces with the help of scrap bucket transfer cars and EOT cranes. DRI from the day bins is conveyed to operating platform of induction furnaces. Before starting the IF, the crucible is inspected. Initial quantity of scrap/ pig iron is charged into the IF with transformer at full load.

After the scrap/ pig iron is fully melted and the temperature of the melt reaches above 16000C, DRI is continuously charged into the furnace. Initial charging of scrap is done with the help of scrap bucket and overhead crane. The subsequent feeding of charge materials is done by Goliath crane. Main activities of the operation such as charging of input materials, melting and de-slagging are done simultaneously.

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As soon as charge is melted, bath sample is taken and temperature measured. The steel at this stage is ready for tapping. Predetermined quantity of ferro-alloys is added in the ladle during tapping.

The molten metal is finally poured in moulds to form M S Ingots on cooling.

2.7 QUALITY CONTROL Quality Control is an essential process in producing the correct products. This can be divided broadly in four groups: 1. Testing of raw materials 2. Testing of Liquid metal while in furnace ; 3. Testing of intermediate product 4. Testing of Final Product.

2.8 TRAFFIC MOVEMENT (Per day) INCOMING TRAFFIC Raw Materials trucks : 14-15- Nos

Manpower + Visitors : 4 cars 10-12 two wheelers

OUTGOING TRAFFIC Product Trucks : 6-7 Nos.

Empty Truck : 8

Manpower + Visitors : 4 cars 10-12 two wheelers

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2.9 DESCRIPTION OF MITIGATIVE MEASURES INCORPORATED IN PROJECT TYPES AND MAJOR SOURCES OF POLLUTION TYPES AND MAJOR SOURCES OF POLLUTION

Proposed Type of Pollutants production Process operation environmental Mitigation released facilities pollution Raw Water Material Unloading, Stocking Dust Air Pollution suppression Handling Feeding RM in stock Fugitive Raw Bin of MBF, Hard Emission Material Dust Air Pollution Coke Ovens and Control Feeding Induction Furnace system Melting of Raw Air Pollution Production material, Chemical Fume & Dust Air Pollution Control Process Reaction in system Furnace/ ovens. Molten Metal Solid Waste Disposal And Product Discharge, Slag Air Pollution in form of Sale of Solid Processing Discharge and Hard Land pollution Slag Waste Coke Discharge Covering of Sizing, Storage, Trucks, Product Loading & Dust Air Pollution dumpers and handling Transporting of water Product Suppression

Mitigative Measures for environment management

a) Ambient Air Quality Management: ° Fume extraction system for suction of fugitive emissions from raw material charging area and then to bag filter ° Water sprinkling and green belt development for maintenance of AAQ. ° Fugitive emissions can also be kept low by making pucca haul roads within the premises and making arrangements for water spraying at all the dusty places in the premises and during loading, unloading process. ° Control of Stack Emissions and Fugitive Emissions will have a direct impact on the ambient conditions.

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° Development of planned green belt in the industry will also control ambient conditions • Fume extraction system with appropriate Air pollution control System to control the emissions from the process and fugitive emissions at furnace will be installed. Particulate matter emission from de-dusting units will be maintained below 50 mg/NM3.

• All de-dusting units will be connected to a stack of height 30 m.

• The fugitive emissions of suspended particulate matter (SPM) will be maintained below 2000 µg/M3 at a distance of 10 m from the source.

• Appropriate disposal of solid waste.

° For Pig Iron Division: Bag filter system for control of emissions from Blast furnace and dust from charging section of mini blast furnace.

° Hard Coke Division Hard Coke Manufacturing Units accounts for a significant amount of Particulate and Gaseous Emissions from the process. Components of suitable pollution control system are: o Wet Scrubber o Ventury Scrubber o Cyclone Separator o I. D. Fan o Recycle Water Cleaning System

° Induction Furnace The following measures for minimizing adverse impact on the environment will be incorporated

o Fume extraction system with bag filter. Particulate matter emission from de-dusting units will be maintained below 100 mg/NM3.

o All de-dusting units will be connected to a stack of height 30 m.

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b) Waste Water Management Water requirement is only for cooling purpose. There would be no discharge of any effluent to the outside area. Hence at present there appears no requirement for any Effluent treatment plant. Domestic discharge from canteens and toilets must be channeled through proper sewage channels and soak pits. Should any situation arise for discharge for liquid effluents, necessary treatment will be undertaken.

c) Solid Waste Quantity of solid waste generation is estimated. Appropriate disposal program must be undertaken. The solid waste is not hazardous in nature.

NON HAZARDOUS WASTE: The main Solid waste generated as follows:

Solid Waste Waste Management From Process From PCD

Slag sold to cement unit. APC Present BF Slag – 18.4 TPD 1.50 TPD dust reused Non Hazardous, Sale to slag Proposed IF Slag – 2.0 TPD 0.525 TPD processing units

Total 20.4 TPD 2.025 TPD As above (after expansion)

Slag from Induction furnace was usually used for low land filling. However recently the Slag is being purchased by slag processing unit for use in village & other road making after grinding & removal of iron content from it

HAZARDOUS WASTE: There is no hazardous waste from the plant except for used oil of equipment which is either used in-house for mould lubrication or saleable to the registered recyclers in the market. The hazardous waste generated will be collected, handled, stored and

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disposed as per Hazardous Waste (Management, Handling & Transboundary Movement) Rules 2009 amended till date.

SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT Solid waste generated as above will be disposed off or used as follows: • Dust from bag filters will be used for land filling. • Slag from process will be sold to slag processing units for village and other road making after recovery & removal of iron content from it • Bore / Riser will be re-used in the process.

Toxic Chemical Leach ability Potential (TCLP) test for the slag No petrography, chemical analysis or leachate studies for fly ash, muck, sludge and slag generated, has been undertaken as non of the raw materials used has any trace elements. However TCLP data was collected from secondary source for SMS slag as it will be handled in open. Management plan for the same is proposed as below:

TCLP data of slag (all in ppm) source – steel technology, internet

Paramete Cr 6+ F Cr Mn As Cd Hg Pb r Slag <0.02 1.85 <0.02 0.04 <0.02 <0.01 <0.01 <0.05

Management plan ‹ Slag generated from the unit will be tested for actual concentration. ‹ Methodical TCLP for at least 3 samples of actual slag will be taken up for ascertaining its characteristic. If found to be hazardous will be handled as per norms – kept on impervious/lined flooring and contact with liquid/water will be avoided. ‹ Slag will be disposed to metal recovery unit for further processing ‹ Maximum storage of slag only for 15 days within the unit. ‹ Slag will be stored in a covered area. Column leachate study for all types of stockpiles or waste disposal sites, at 20 0C – 50 0C should be conducted and reported after actual generation of the same.

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2.10 ASSESSMENT OF NEW & UNTESTED TECHNOLOGY FOR FAILURE The proposed technology which will be adopted in this industry for steel making is a tested well known technology being adopted world wide. So there is no risk in the technology hence no other alternative technology is opted for in this project.

2.11 PERMISSION FROM FOREST Application made for permission to DFO, Giridih Division, which is under process and will be obtained accordingly

2.12 PERMISSION FROM GROUND WATER AUTHORITY Hydro geological report for post monsoon has been done and application filed with CGWA for grant of water withdrawal permission. Permission for drawl of water will be obtained from the concerned authority.

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CHAPTER – 3 DESCRIPTION OF THE ENVIRONMENT

3.01 INTRODUCTION Detailed outline of activities and process technology for the proposed project has been presented in the previous chapter. This chapter presents in detail the existing environmental scenario and condition in & around the project site. This is required to assess the likely impact on the environment due to the proposed activity.

3.02 STUDY AREA For the requirement of the environmental impact assessment, the study area has been divided into two zones, namely Core Zone, comprising the project site which is the area of maximum impact and the buffer zone area surrounding the centre of core zone, up to 5 km radius as per the approved TOR.

Core: The proposed expansion is located within the existing 11.75 acres of Lal Ferro Alloys bounded by Latitude 240 08’ 34” N and Longitude 860 19’ 51”E in Village Biswasdih, P.O- Gadi Sri Rampur, District Giridih, State Jharkand. The site is around 1.25 km from State Highway (Tundi Road), connecting Dhanbad and Giridih. Nearest Railway Station is Giridih and is 4.5 km away from the site. River Ushri, the nearest surface water body, flows in the Eastern part of the area at a distance of about 4.1 km from the site and controls the drainage in the immediate vicinity of the site. The Barakar is also present at a distance of 8.0 km from the site.

Buffer: This is the 10 km radius area surrounding the core zone. The area around the proposed plant is in general a flat terrain. The area covering the Plant and its surroundings falls under the Survey of India Toposheet No: 72 L/ 8. Other industries located within 10.0 km radius are Pig Iron, Refractory, Coke, Iron & Steel Industries, etc.

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The village where project is to be set up is interspersed with population of about 445 as per Census 2001. This buffer zone is the area where the impacts, if any, due to the activity would be contained. Largest market place is Giridih. Schools are at Giridih, etc. Colleges are situated at Giridih (nearly 4.5 Km). Hospital, medical facility is available at Giridih.

3.03 STUDY PERI OD The monitoring to study the present environmental condition in terms of its components at the location was carried out from December 2011 to February 2012.

3.04 STUDY COMPONENTS The description of the study area in relation its environmental setting was studied under following components as per the approved TORs:

a) Physicochemical Component – comprising of meteorological & air environment; noise environment; land & soil environment and water environment. b) Ecological Component – comprising of terrestrial & aquatic flora-fauna. c) Demographic Component – comprising demographic, socio-economic status and Built environment in & around the study site.

3.05 STUDY METHODOLOGY

An assessment of the baseline environment status and identification of impacts is a prerequisite for predication of likely impacts due to the proposed project. With this specific view, an environmental quality study was undertaken, which included the collection and analysis of samples of ambient air, water, soil and noise, etc. covering three month data. The likely impacts on the present environment were assessed due to proposed activity and type of changes expected. To evaluate the pollution load before and after proposed activity, assessment was done based on the collected data from the various environmental components in & around the site.

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3.5.01 M ethodologies for Physio-chemical Component

M icrometeorology: The met-data is very useful and essential tool for the proper preparation and prediction of impact to the air environment due to the proposed project. A meteorological station was installed at Giridih, during the study period to record various meteorological parameters such as ambient temperature, relative humidity, wind speed & direction, rainfall, etc. The study scheme adopted for monitoring meteorological environment is as per norms laid down by the Bureau of Indian Standards (IS:8829) and Indian Meteorological Department. Equipments were installed at a height of 8.5 m above ground for continuous monitoring data. The various meteorological data collection methods are shown in Table no 3-01 below.

TABLE: 03 - 01

M icrometeorology

SL No Parameter Method Reference 1 Temperature Digital thermometer IS-8829-1978 2 Relative Humidity Wet-Dry Bulb Thermometer 3 Wind Speed Digital Cup anemometer IS-8829-1978 4 Wind Direction Wind vane IS-8829-1978 6 Rainfall Rain gauge

Ambient Air Quality:

Ambient air quality of the study area has been assessed through a network of eight ambient air quality monitoring stations. The following methodology has been considered for design of ambient air quality monitoring network in 10.0 km radius of the study area

. Prevalent Wind direction & Wind speed in the study area . Human habitations/villages in or around the impacted zone. . Basic Air Quality modeling and . TOR specifications

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. Ambient air quality (AAQ) was studied in respect of; . Particulate Matter (PM10), . Particulate Matter (PM2.5),

. Sulphur dioxide (SO2) and

. Oxides of Nitrogen (NOx) . PAH Benzene Fraction The above parameters have been studied and determined quantitatively through planned monitoring. The standard procedure followed for the estimation is shown in Table 3-02., where as the monitored sites are given in table 3.03

TABLE – 3-02 M ethodology for Air Quality Study Sl. Parameter Methodology No. 3 1. Sulphur Dioxide (SO2). µg/ m Improved West and Gaeke Modified Jacob & Hochhciser (Na- 2. Nitrogen Dioxide (NO ). µg/ m3 2 Arsenite) 3. Particulate Matter (PM 10). µg/ m3 Gravimetric

4. Particulate Matter (PM 2.5). µg/ m3 Gravimetric

3 5. Ozone (O3), µg/ m UV Photometric

6. Lead (Pb), µg/m3 AAS method after sampling on EPM 2000

7. Carbon Monoxide (CO), mg/ m3 Non Dispersive Infra Red (NDIR)

3 8. Ammonia (NH3), µg/m Indophenol blue method

Adsorption and Desorption followed by 9. Benzene (C H ) µg/ m3 6 6 GC analysis

10. Benzo(O) Pyrene (BaP) – Solvent extraction followed by GC particulate phase only. ng/m3 analysis 11. Arsenic (As), ng/m3 AAS method after sampling on EPM 2000

12. Nickel (Ni), ng/ m3 AAS method after sampling on EPM 2000

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TABLE: 3- 03 Ambient air quality monitoring stations Station Direction w.r.t. Distance from Location Code Plant Site Plant Site, km AQ1 Inside proposed Plant PLANT SITE AQ2 Koiradih E 8.1 km AQ3 Gamharitanr SE 7.2 km AQ4 Majhiladih S 2.5km AQ5 Barhagori E 4.6 km AQ6 Purnanagar SW 2.5 km AQ7 Chunjaka NW 2.75 km AQ8 Giridih NW 7.75 km

Ambient Noise Quality:

A noise monitoring methodology was chosen such that it best suited the purpose and objectives of the study. Digital Sound Level Meter was used for the study. All reading was taken on the ‘A-Weighting’ frequency network, at a height of 1.5 meters from ground level and on the ‘Fast’ Range Time Weighting. The sound level meter does not give a steady and consistent reading and it is quite difficult to assess the actual sound level over the entire monitoring period. To mitigate this shortcoming, the Continuous Equivalent Sound level, indicated by Leq, is used. Equivalent sound level, ‘Leq’, can be obtained from variable sound pressure level, ‘L’, over a time period by using following equation

N Li 10/ Leq 10log10 /1 N 10  i1 

Where Li is the noise level of the ith reading. The noise monitoring locations are given below in table 3.04

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TABLE: 3 - 04 NOISE LEVEL M ONITORING STATIONS Station Direction w.r.t. Distance from Location Code Plant Site Plant Site, km NQ1 Inside proposed Plant PLANT SITE NQ2 Mohanpur SE 1.75 km NQ3 Chitarpur SE 7.25 km NQ4 Majhiladih S 4.5 NQ5 Koiradih E 8.25 km NQ6 Purnanagar SW 1.2 km NQ7 Chunjake NW 6.82km NQ8 Giridih NW 4.5km

Soil Quality:

Soil Samples were collected as per standard procedure from six locations. One sampling was done inside the plant premise, where as five other samples were taken from villages and agricultural fields within the study area. Sampling was done from soil depth of about one foot. The details of sampling locations are given in Table 3 - 05 and the analytical technique in table 3-06

TABLE: 3 - 05 SOIL QUALITY M ONITORING LOCATIONS Station Direction w.r.t. Distance from Location Code Plant Site Plant Site, km SQ1 Inside proposed Plant PLANT SITE SQ2 Tirukdiha SE 0.75 km SQ3 Burhiyadihtola N 1.25 km SQ4 Giridih NW 4.5 SQ5 Chunjake NW 1.25 km SQ6 Biswasdih SW 0.5 km

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TABLE: 3 - 06 ANALYTI CAL TECHNI QUES FOR SOI L ANALYSIS

SL No Parameter Analysis M ethod IS :2720 & Methods of Soil 1 Texture ( % Sand, % Silt, % Clay) Analysis, Part – I, 2nd edition, 1986 ( ASA,SSSA) pH (40 % Aqueous Solution, soil- water Methods of soil Analysis Part- 2, 2 extract) 2nd edition, 1982 ( ASA, SSSA ) Methods of soil Analysis, Part -2 3 Electrical Conductivity 2nd edition, 1982 (ASA,SSSA) Methods of soil Analysis Part- 2, 4 Total Organic Carbon (%) 2nd edition, 1982 ( ASA, SSSA ) IS : 2720 & Methods of Soil 5 Water Holding Capacity (%) Analysis, Part – I, 2nd edition, 1986 ( ASA,SSSA) Methods of soil Analysis Part- 2, 6 Available Nitrogen as N 2nd edition, 1982 ( ASA, SSSA ) Methods of soil Analysis, Part -2 7 Available Phosphorous as P 2nd edition, 1982 (ASA,SSSA) Methods of soil Analysis Part- 2, 8 Available Potassium as K 2nd edition, 1982 ( ASA, SSSA ) Methods of soil Analysis, Part -2 9 Cation Exchange capacity 2nd edition, 1982 (ASA,SSSA) Methods of soil Analysis, Part -2 10 Exchangeable Magnesium as Mg, mg/kg 2nd edition, 1982 (ASA,SSSA) Methods of soil Analysis, Part -2 11 Chloride as Cl, mg/kg 2nd edition, 1982 (ASA,SSSA)

Land use:

Studies on the land use aspects of eco-system play an important role in identifying sensitive issues and to take appropriate action to maintain ecological Homeostasis in the region. The main objective of this section is to provide a baseline status of the study area covering 10.0 km radius around the plant so that temporal changes due the industrial activities on the surroundings can assess in future. The objectives of the land use studies are:

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 To determine the present land use pattern;  To determine the temporal changes in land use pattern during construction and operational phases.

 To analyze the impacts on the land use due to proposed pig iron plant activities in the study area; and

 To give recommendations for optimizing the future land use pattern vis-à-vis growth of industrial activities in the study area and their associated impacts.

The land use of the study area is assessed by analyzing the available secondary data such as the Direct Primary Census Handbooks of Giridih district of Jharkand state for the year 2001, as the latest village wise land use pattern details are not yet been published. The NRSA supplied Satellite Data in the form of Imagery was used for the assessment of Landuse mapping by supervised classification algorithm. Land Use Based on village wise Records 2001. For computation of the land use pattern of the study area based on the village-wise land-use data given in the census records, the geographical area of all settlements covered within the study area, though some village in the peripheries of the circular study area are partially covered.

Physio -Geological characteristics:

Water Quality:

The methodology for sample collection, preservation and estimation was as per Standard methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, 20th Edition, APHA. The details are shown in Table No 3-08 and locations in Table No 3-07. Water samples were collected manually from selected sampling points. Considering several possibilities of interference the poly tetrafluoroethylene (TFF) sample bottles

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were used. These bottles were sterilized properly before being used for water sample collection.

TABLE: 3 - 07 Water Sampling Locations GROUND WATER Direction w.r.t. Distance from Code Location Plant Site Plant Site (km) GWQ1 Plant site bore well Proposed Site GWQ2 Tirukdiha SE 0.75 km GWQ3 Burhiyadihtola N 1.25 km GWQ4 Giridih NW 4.5 GWQ5 Chunjake NW 1.25 km GWQ6 Biswasdih SW 0.5 km GWQ7 Udnabad NE 2.75 km GWQ8 Chamarkha W 7.75 km SURFACE WATER Direction w.r.t. Distance from Code Location Plant Site Plant Site (km) RWQ1 Usri Nadi 4.20 km, W RWQ2 Usri Nadi 4.25 km, W SWQ3 Barakar Nadi SW 8.25 km SWQ4 Dhirabar nala N 5.0 km SWQ5 Khakho nala W 6.0 km SWQ6 Chilkharo nala SW 5.0 km SWQ7 Jaria nala S 4.5 km SWQ8 Giridih nala NW 4.5 km SWQ9 Chamarkha W 7.75 km SWQ10 Udnabad nala NE 2.75 km

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TABLE: 3 - 08 M ethods for Analysis of Water Samples

Parameters Methodology APHA-References

Colour Visual comparison 2120 –C Conductivity Electrometric 26510-B pH Electrometric 4500 HB+ Total dissolved solids Gravimetric 2540-C Temperature Thermometric 2550-B Turbidity Nephalometric 2130-B Total alkalinity Titrimetric 2320-B BOD 5 Day BOD at `200C 5210-B Chloride Argentometry 4500-Cl Chlorine (residual) Iodometric titration 4500-Cl COD Open reflux 5220-B Fluoride SPADNS 4500-F-D Hardness (total & calcium) EDTA-Titrimetric 2340-C

Nitrate nitrogen UV Spectrophotometer 4500-NO3-B Oil & grease Partition & Gravimetric 5520-B

Sulphate Gravimetric 4500-SO4-C Arsenic Silver Diethyldithio carbamate 3500-As-B Calcium EDTA-Titrimetric 3500-Ca-B Iron Orthophenonthroline method 3500-Fe-B Magnesium Calculation Method 3500-Mg-B Total Coliform (MPN) MPN method-Mc-Konky broth 9221-B

3.5.02 M ethodologies for Ecological Component

Study of biological environment is one of the important aspects in Environmental Impact Assessment in view of the need for conservation of environment quality. Natural Flora and Fauna are the two major important components of the biological environment/ecological studies. Ecological system consist of variety of inter relationship between both abiotic and biotic factors leading to dependence, competition and mutualism. They show various responses and sensitivities to external influences.

Random Sampling of green patches was autonomously conducted of the core and buffer region. Transact Line Method with the help of 100 meters rope to resolve

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density and variety of flora. A method was adopted regarding fauna, repeated discussion was made with different groups of inhabitant of the locality like, farmer, fisherman, teacher, experienced aged person get in contact with farming, natural vegetation, forest; as well as by presenting record and photograph of different fauna (Terrestrial & Aquatic) and by group discussion among residents of the area about the behavioral pattern of different faunal elements to classify them accurately.

3.5.03 M ethodologies for Demographic Component

Data related to population, number of households, residential houses, density of population, literacy etc. combined together indicates the present socioeconomic structure of the population in the vicinity of the project area. The Environmental Impact Assessment study demands this data to assess the associated impacts due to industrial activity. The data is collected from census records, official agencies and project proponents. Following paragraphs provides the demographic details of the villages within 5 km radius from project.

Socio-Economic study was based on household survey of the study area. Standard Socio-economic questionnaire was prepared to input their information. The survey work was primarily done in the villages in the form of stratified sampling in the 0 – 5 km radius and 5 - 10 km radius. Random sampling method was adopted covering all communities of the surveyed area, good co-operation from the respondents had been received during the study and no refusal case was experienced by the representative surveyor/volunteer. Data was also utilized from Census 2001 handbook

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FIGURE: 3 – 01(A) AM BIENT AIR QUALITY M ONITORING LOCATIONS

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FIGURE: 3 – 01(B) WATER QUALITY M ONITORING LOCATIONS

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FIGURE: 3 – 01(C) NOISE & SOIL QUALITY M ONITORING LOCATIONS

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3.06 ESTABLI SHM ENT OF BASELI NE FOR VALUED ENVI RONM ENTAL COM PONENTS

3.6.01 Analysis of climatological data TABLE: 3 – 09 (A) M onthly Profile of Ambient Temperature at Dhanbad LOWEST MEAN MAX HIGHEST MX M EAN M I N M ONTH MIN TEM P DEG C TEM P DEG C TEM P DEG C TEM P DEG C January 26.4 31.0 7.9 4.0 February 27.4 31.3 11.2 9.0 March 26.2 30.6 12.7 8.2 April 35.9 43.6 17.2 9.6 May 31.6 39.2 18.7 14.8 June 33.2 37.7 20.1 17.2 July 30.0 32.8 19.3 17.8 August 30.8 33.2 19.7 17.4 September 30.1 33.6 19.2 17.8 October 27.6 31.5 15.2 11.2 November 26.2 30.3 12.7 8.0 December 24.8 28.8 7.9 4.8

TABLE: 3 – 09 (B) M onthly Profile of Atmospheric Pressure, Relative Humidity at Dhanbad Mean Mean Stn Mean Sea Mean Dry Mean Wet Relative Month Level Pr Level Pr Bulb Temp Bulb Temp Humidity hPa hPa DEG C DEG C % January 986.7 1016.8 16.6 13.5 71 February 985.6 1015.0 20.1 17.1 72 March 983.9 1013.2 22.3 18.8 70 April 978.0 1006.6 27.2 20.9 56 May 975.6 1004.0 27.6 25.2 81 June 970.8 998.9 28.2 26.2 84 July 971.2 999.6 26.6 25.7 92 August 974.9 1003.5 27.0 25.7 90 September 976.8 1004.4 26.6 24.9 91 October 984.0 1013.1 24.3 21.6 78 November 985.7 1014.6 22.1 19.5 76 December 988.7 1018.7 19.0 15.9 71

CH-III- 15 Chapter 3 – Description of the Environment - Final Report M/s Lal Ferro Alloys Co. (P) Ltd, Vill- Biswasdih, Giridih, Jharkhand Induction Furnace (18000 TPA), Pig Iron (12000 TPA), Hard Coke (15000 TPA)

TABLE: 3 – 09 (C) M ONTHLY RAINFALL PROFILE AT DHANBAD NUMBER OF TOTAL RAINFALL HEAVIEST 24 HR MONTH RAINDAYS IN MONTH IN MM RAINFALL IN MM IN MONTH > 2.4 MM January 0.0 0.0 0 February 128.4 90.6 4 March 29.2 11.6 4 April 22.4 13.4 2 May 180.9 78.4 9 June 336.9 93.8 15 July 843.3 132.4 21 August 374.9 108.2 14 September 498.6 181.4 8 October 305.7 80.2 9 November 12.8 12.6 1 December 0.0 0.0 0

TABLE: 3 – 09 (D) M ONTHLY WIND SPEED PROFI LE OF DHANBAD MEAN NO DAYS NO DAYS NO DAYS NO DAYS NO DAYS WND WIND WND SP WND SP WND SP WND SP MONTH SPEED DIR >= 62 KMPH 20 - 61 01 TO 19 CALM CALM KMPH January 0.3 0 0 3 28 28 February 1.0 0 0 7 21 21 March 1.0 0 0 9 22 22 April 2.0 0 0 15 13 13 May 1.6 0 0 13 18 18 June 2.7 0 0 18 5 5 July 1.4 0 0 12 19 19 August 2.7 0 0 23 8 8 September 2.6 0 0 10 5 5 October 0.8 0 0 4 16 16 November 0.5 0 0 5 25 25 December 0.1 0 0 1 29 29

CH-III- 16 Chapter 3 – Description of the Environment - Final Report M/s Lal Ferro Alloys Co. (P) Ltd, Vill- Biswasdih, Giridih, Jharkhand Induction Furnace (18000 TPA), Pig Iron (12000 TPA), Hard Coke (15000 TPA)

TABLE: 3 – 09 (E) M ONTHLY WIND DIRECTION PROFILE OF DHANBAD No Days Number Of Days With Wind Direction From With M onth Calm N NE E SE S SW W NW Conditions January 0 0 0 0 0 2 0 1 28 February 0 1 0 2 0 1 0 3 21 March 0 1 0 6 0 0 0 2 22 April 0 1 0 4 0 5 0 5 13 May 0 2 0 10 0 0 0 1 18 June 0 1 0 10 0 5 0 2 5 July 0 1 0 10 0 0 0 0 19 August 0 1 0 20 0 1 0 0 8 Septemb 0 1 0 11 0 0 0 0 5 er October 0 1 0 2 0 0 0 2 16 Novembe 0 2 0 2 0 0 0 1 25 r Decembe 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 29 r

TABLE: 3 – 09 (F) M ONTHLY CLOUD COVERED PROFILE OF DHANBAD M EAN M EAN LOW M EAN HIGH M EAN TOTAL MEDIUM CLOUD CLOUD CLOUD CLOUD M ONTH COVER COVER COVER COVER OKTA OKTA OKTA OKTA January 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 February 2.2 0.0 0.0 2.2 March 3.2 0.0 0.0 3.2 April 1.5 0.0 0.0 1.5 May 2.2 0.0 0.0 2.1 June 5.8 0.0 0.0 5.8 July 6.1 0.0 0.0 6.0 August 6.3 0.0 0.0 6.5 September 6.6 0.0 0.0 7.4 October 2.4 0.2 0.0 2.7 November 1.0 0.0 0.0 1.0 December 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.1

CH-III- 17 Chapter 3 – Description of the Environment - Final Report M/s Lal Ferro Alloys Co. (P) Ltd, Vill- Biswasdih, Giridih, Jharkhand Induction Furnace (18000 TPA), Pig Iron (12000 TPA), Hard Coke (15000 TPA)

TABLE: 3 - 10 Summary of micro-meteorological observations of the study area Station Location: GIRIDIH Parameters Elevation: 9.0 m from G.L. December February January 2012 2011 2012 Min. Ambient Temp. (0C) 11.9 11.5 14.1 Average Ambient Temp. (0C) 18.8 18.3 42.7 Max. Ambient Temp. (0C) 25.8 25.2 28.6 Average Relative Humidity (%) 54.5 53 44.5 Total Rainfall (mm) 5.1 17.3 19.4 Average Wind Speed (kmph) 4.0 4.3 5.0 Predominant Wind Direction North-West North-West North-West

Features of On- Site Data: Site specific data for the period December 2011 to February 2012 are represented in Ta ble 3-11.

1. Temperature varies between 10.2 0C and 32.8 0C during this period with hottest month was being February. 2. Humidity varies between 62.2 % and 74.6 % with February being the most humid month. 3. Rainfall varies between 0.00 mm and 19.4 mm during these three months. 4. The predominant wind direction was from North-West. The wind speed and direction are important factors that control the movement of dust and gaseous pollutants across the atmosphere. Hence special emphasis was given to monitor the wind pattern in and around the study area. Wind rose for the study period is represented in Figure: 3-02. 5. M ixing Heights/ Inversion - Maximum mixing height ranges between 1000 and 1150 m and minimum mixing height varies from 40 to 80 m in Winter Season. The diurnal and nocturnal variation of mixing height has been studied through Doppler sodar. (Source: http:/ / envfor.nic.in/ divisions/ cltech/ Damodar).

CH-III- 18 Chapter 3 – Description of the Environment - Final Report M/s Lal Ferro Alloys Co. (P) Ltd, Vill- Biswasdih, Giridih, Jharkhand Induction Furnace (18000 TPA), Pig Iron (12000 TPA), Hard Coke (15000 TPA)

FI GURE: 3-02 Site Specific composite Windrose Diagram during study period (December 2011-February 2012)

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FI GURE: 3-03 Site Specific Wind rose [Stability Class] (December 2011-February 2012)

WIND ROSE PLOT: DISPLAY: Stability Class Stability Class

NORTH

20%

16%

12%

WEST EAST

STABILITY CLASS

G F E Resultant Vector D 308 deg - 42% SOUTH C B A Calms: 45.03%

COMMENTS: COMPANY NAME:

M/s Lal Ferro Alloys Co. Pvt. Ltd.

MODELER: M/s Visiotek Consultancy Services Pvt. Ltd. CALM WINDS: TOTAL COUNT:

45.03% 2184 hrs.

AVG. WIND SPEED: PROJECT NO.:

1.37 m/s

WRPLOT View - Lakes Environmental Software

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FI GURE: 3-04 Wind class frequency distribution (December 2011-February 2012)

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3.6.02 AM BI ENT AI R QUALI TY TABLE: 3 – 11 Summarised results of 24 hours average ambient pollutant level in µg/ m3

Locations Average Conc. in µg/ m3 Location I D PM10 PM2.5 SO2 NOx CO

A1 Inside proposed Plant 68.6 34.7 12.5 23.4 113.0 A2 Koiradih 61.4 30.8 10.1 18.8 111.5 A3 Gamharitanr 56.2 25.8 9.3 16.7 109.2 A4 Majhiladih 62.8 31.2 10.2 18.0 111.6

A5 Barhagori 54.8 28.8 8.4 17.4 109.4 A6 Purnanagar 47.3 29.2 7.6 15.5 110.6

A7 Chunjaka 52.3 26.2 8.8 16.7 109.2 A8 Gir idih 68.2 31.6 11.2 28.1 111.8

AI R QUALI TY FI NDI NGS AND OBSERVATI ONS

The ambient air quality status of pollutants viz, SPM, RPM, NOx, SO2 for the study period was computed and is presented in Table 3 – 12 above for the months of December 2011 to February 2012. As may be seen, the position in respect of all the parameters is fairly satisfactory.

(I) Particulate Matter (PM) 3 Maximum concentration of PM10 & PM2.5 inside the proposed plant site is 68.6 μg/m & 34.7 μg/m3 respectively which is below the prescribed limit for 24 hrs. In the buffer zone maximum value is 68.2 & 31.6 μg/m3 respectively has been found at Giridih. Overall the average PM conc. ranged between 31.6 and 68.2 μg/m3 in the buffer zone.

(II) Sulphur Dioxide (SO2) 3 Maximum concentration of SO2 inside the proposed plant site is 12.5 μg/m , which is below the prescribed limit for 24 hrs. In the buffer zone maximum value of 11.2

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3 μg/m has been found at Giridih. Overall the average SO2 conc. ranged between 7.6 and 11.2 μg/m3 in the buffer zone.

(III) Nitrogen Dioxide (NO2) Maximum concentration of NOx inside the proposed plant site is 23.4 μg/m3, which is below the prescribed limit for 24 hrs. In the buffer zone maximum value of 28.1 3 μg/m has been found at Giridih. Overall the average NO2 conc. ranged between 15.5 and 28.1 μg/m3 in the buffer zone.

(IV) Polyaromatic Hydrocarbon (PAH) Benzene soluble fraction: Benzo-pyrene soluble PAH in SPM during the monitoring period in the study area was negligible to moderate in ambient air, maximum being 6.45 μg/m3. Most locations had below detectable range throughout the study period.

(V) RSPM Characterisation

TABLE: 3 - 12 Location pH Sulphate Calcium Magnesium Nitrate Chloride Lead Biswasdih 5.939 12.175 3.081 1.867 0.405 5.584 BDL Gir idih 5.889 10.127 2.048 1.247 0.124 2.974 BDL Tirukdiha 5.559 14.554 3.081 1.247 0.520 3.957 BDL

Emission from M obile Source

The values obtained for ambient air condition near the State Highway are moderately high due to heavy movements of vehicles among which the majority being trucks, trailers, etc. These emissions may contribute much in affecting the air quality of the area. A traffic flow count was conducted near the State Highway on normal working days. The results obtained are given below

Sl. No. Category Avg. Number/hr 1 Heavy Vehicles 166 3 Medium Vehicles 102

CH-III- 23 Chapter 3 – Description of the Environment - Final Report M/s Lal Ferro Alloys Co. (P) Ltd, Vill- Biswasdih, Giridih, Jharkhand Induction Furnace (18000 TPA), Pig Iron (12000 TPA), Hard Coke (15000 TPA)

4 Light vehicles 78 6 Two Wheelers 43

Other Emission sources affecting the Air Quality of the area: Due to industries located within the (25 km radius) study area

SL Name & Address of the I ndustries Type of I ndustry No 1 Agarwal Minerals Concern, Barganda, Giridih Stone chips 2 Asha Industries, Gangapur, Giridih Soft Coke 3 Atibir Industries Co. Ltd. Manjhilaldih, Giridih Sponge Iron 4 Atibir Hi- Tech PVT. Ltd. Mohanpur, Giridih Induction Furnace 5 Baba Minerals, Gur, Giridih Stone chips 6 Balmukund Sponge & Iron Ltd. Chatro, Giridih Sponge Iron 7 Basic Fuels (P) Ltd., Bulaki Road, Giridih Soft Coke 8 BD Stone Ships, Makatpur, Giridih Stone chips 9 Bhagawati Fuels, Bardiha, Giridih Soft Coke 10 Bharat Stone Works, Baddiha, Giridih Stone chips 11 Biswanath Ferro Alloys Ltd. Manjhilaldih, Giridih Sponge Iron 12 Bishwanath Ferro Alloys, Makatpur Chowk, Giridih Ferro Alloys 13 Carbon Resource Pvt. Ltd. Mahatodih, Giridih Coal Tar Distillation 14 Chauhan Stoen Crusher ,BBC Raod, Giridih Stone chips 15 Chhotanagar Cement Works, Buleki Raod, Giridih Stone chips 16 Congress Rai Stone Works,Makdiha, Kharagdiha, Giridih Stone chips 17 Giridih Coke & Bye Product Plant, Baniadih, Giridih Hard Coke & Tar 18 Gurudeo Stone Works, Chiknadih, Giridih Stone chips 19 Hi-Risk ExPorts(P) Ltd. Agarwal House, Tundi Road Mica Flaxes 20 Hussain Stone Chips , Isri Bazar, Giridih Stone chips 21 Inderchand Rajgarhia & Sons, Icr Road, Giridih Mica Capacitor 22 Inthekhab Alam, Pulaki Road, Giridih Stone chips 23 Jai Bajrang stone Works, Rajdhanbar, Giridih Stone chips 24 Jai Maa Sarswati stone Chips, Arari, Janta Jaridih, Giridih Stone chips 25 Jai Mica Supply Co. (P) Ltd Distillery Road, Giridih Mica Flaxes 26 Jharkhand Stone works Chiknadih, Giridih Stone chips 27 Krishna Impex, Pachambjha, Giridih Mica Flaxes 28 K.R.Modi & Co. Station Road, Giridih Mica Flaxes 29 Lal Steel Co. Chato, Tundi Road, Giridih Sponge Iron 30 Laxmi Enterprise ICR, Giridih Stone chips 31 Maa Tara stone Chips , Boro, Giridih Stone chips 32 Maa Tara Minerals, Stristinagar, Giridih Stone chips

CH-III- 24 Chapter 3 – Description of the Environment - Final Report M/s Lal Ferro Alloys Co. (P) Ltd, Vill- Biswasdih, Giridih, Jharkhand Induction Furnace (18000 TPA), Pig Iron (12000 TPA), Hard Coke (15000 TPA)

33 Mangal Hi- Tech (P) Ltd. Burhiadih, Tundi Road, Giridih Induction Furnace 34 Mata Di Stone Works, Panaidih, Giridih Stone chips 35 Mohan Mica Produce Co. Pachambha, Giridih Mica Flaxes 36 Mongia Hit- Tech (P) Ltd Suriadih, Giridih Induction Furnace 37 Mongia Hit- Tech (P) Ltd Dahridih, Burhiadih, Giridih Rolling Mill 38 Murliwala Minerals (P) Ltd., Panchambha, Giridih Mica Powder 39 Naiyadih Hi- Tech (P) Ltd. Mahatodih, Giridih Induction Furnace 40 Naiyadih Hi- Tech (P) Ltd. Mahatodih, Giridih Rolling Mill 41 New India Industries, Bagodar Road, Giridih Stone chips 42 Niranjan Hi- Tech Ltd. Manjhilaldih, Giridih Induction Furnace 43 Nizamuddin Stone Works, Dhengadih, Giridih Stone chips 44 Parakasramkamica Industries, Pachambha, Gir idih Mica Powder 45 Pradeep Cement (P) Ltd., Bhawantoli Road, Giiridih P.S. Cement 46 RajendraPrasad Sahu, KISGO,Deori, Giridih Stone chips 47 Ranisathi Industries, Barganda, Giridih Stone chips 48 Ridhi Sidhi Ceramics, Jambad, Udnabad, Giridih Refractory 49 Rubi Mica Co. (P) Ltd. Gadi Srirampur, Giridih Mica Paper & Sheet 50 Sadimal Kanhaiyalal, Pachambha, Giridih Mica Flaxes 51 Santpuria Alloys (P) Ltd. Manjhilaldih, Giridih Sponge Iron 52 Shivam Iron& Steel Co. Pvt. Ltd., Jambad, Giridih Induction Furnace 53 Shivam Iron& Steel Co. Pvt. Ltd Jambad, Giridih Rolling Mill 54 Shivam Iron& Steel Co. Pvt. Ltd Jambad, Giridih Ferro Alloys 55 Shyam Inertnational, BBC Road, Giridih Mica Flaxes 56 Shyamsundar Modi, Jamkhokhro, Giridih Stone chips 57 Shree Maa Durga Stone, Bhandaridih, Giridih Stone chips 58 Sri Ram Minerals Jamkhokhro, Kishgo, Giridih Stone chips 59 Sri Ram stone Works , Station Road, Giridih Stone chips 60 Taj Coke Industries, Chatro, Shreerampur Road, Giridih Soft Coke 61 Tirupati Coal Industries, Boddiha, Girdih Soft Coke 62 Tulsi Industries, Jambad, Udnabad, Giridih Refractory 63 Venkatesh Sponge Iron (P) Ltd. Mahuatand, Giridih Sponge Iron 64 Vinayak Mica Exports Co., Sihodih, Giridih Mica Powder

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3.6.03 NOISE CHARACTERISTICS

The various activities inside the proposed plant would contribute to the increase in the ambient noise level of the project site; a detailed measurement of noise level was carried out at different locations with in the project. On site field measurement procedure was adopted for recording all observations. Ambient Noise Levels in the area were in the moderate category due to the rural setting.

The recorded results are tabulated in table 3-13.

TABLE: 3 – 13 Site Tirukdiha Burhiyadihtola Giridih Chunjake Biswasdih Average Day 55.81 55.23 57.92 63.55 55.62 58.32 Average 50.44 49.36 51.13 56.42 52.87 50.08 Night All noise levels in dB (A) FI GURE: 3 - 05 AVERAGE DAY-NI GHT TI M E NOI SE LEVEL IN STUDY AREA

CH-III- 26 Chapter 3 – Description of the Environment - Final Report M/s Lal Ferro Alloys Co. (P) Ltd, Vill- Biswasdih, Giridih, Jharkhand Induction Furnace (18000 TPA), Pig Iron (12000 TPA), Hard Coke (15000 TPA)

3.6.04 LAND ENVIRONMENT

Land Use Pattern

Studies on the land use aspects of eco-system play an important role in identifying sensitive issues and to take appropriate action to maintain ecological Homeostasis in the region. The main objective of this section is to provide a baseline status of the study area covering 10 km radius around the plant so that temporal changes due the industrial activities on the surroundings can assess in future.

The objectives of the land use studies are:

 To determine the existing land use pattern;  To determine the temporal changes in land use pattern during construction and operational phases.

 To analyze the impacts on the land use due to proposed plant activities in the study area;

TABLE: 3 - 14 LAND USE PATTERN OF STUDY AREA

Cluster No. Landuse/Land Cover Percent of Study Area

1 Sandy Area 8.5 2 Open Area 19.5 3 Agricultural 19.0 4 Vegetation 11.6 5 Settlement 16.8 6 Industry & Settlement 13.9 7 Industrial 10.7

CH-III- 27 Chapter 3 – Description of the Environment - Final Report M/s Lal Ferro Alloys Co. (P) Ltd, Vill- Biswasdih, Giridih, Jharkhand Induction Furnace (18000 TPA), Pig Iron (12000 TPA), Hard Coke (15000 TPA)

FI GURE: 3 – 06 Satellite Imagery of Study Area. IRS/P6-LISS-II I

study area

Giridih

Plant site Ursi River Industries

FI GURE: 3 – 07 Supervised Classification using M aximum Likelihood method on Satellite I magery of Study Area. I RS/P6-LISS-I I I , 28th February 2008

CH-III- 28 Chapter 3 – Description of the Environment - Final Report M/s Lal Ferro Alloys Co. (P) Ltd, Vill- Biswasdih, Giridih, Jharkhand Induction Furnace (18000 TPA), Pig Iron (12000 TPA), Hard Coke (15000 TPA)

Land Use Breakup of Plant Site

Area SL No Type of use (in acres)

1 Plant (Built up ) Area 2.80

2 Stock Yard 1.34

3 Road & Paved Area 1.86

4 Green belt 3.86

5 Office & Store 0.16

6 Open Area 1.73

TOTAL LAND AREA 11.75

3.6.05 HYDROLOGY & WATER RESOURCE OF THE AREA

The topography of the site is flat. Ushri River flows from north-west to south-east on the eastern part of the site. The Barakar flows south to the site. It is a perennial water source of the area and also the sink for industrial and domestic waste water from the area. A large number of ponds, reservoirs are present in the area. Number of dug- wells and tube wells are present in the 10 km study area. Samples were collected from Ushri River. The water quality is more or less within the norms and can be used as source of drinking water after conventional treatment followed by disinfection.

CH-III- 29 Chapter 3 – Description of the Environment - Final Report M/s Lal Ferro Alloys Co. (P) Ltd, Vill- Biswasdih, Giridih, Jharkhand Induction Furnace (18000 TPA), Pig Iron (12000 TPA), Hard Coke (15000 TPA)

Fig: 3-08 – Drainage map of study area

CH-III- 30 Chapter 3 – Description of the Environment - Final Report M/s Lal Ferro Alloys Co. (P) Ltd, Vill- Biswasdih, Giridih, Jharkhand Induction Furnace (18000 TPA), Pig Iron (12000 TPA), Hard Coke (15000 TPA)

Fig:3 -09 Fig:3 -10 Geological Map of Study area Hydrogeological Map of Study area

CH-III- 31 Chapter 3 – Description of the Environment - Final Report M/s Lal Ferro Alloys Co. (P) Ltd, Vill- Biswasdih, Giridih, Jharkhand Induction Furnace (18000 TPA), Pig Iron (12000 TPA), Hard Coke (15000 TPA)

Fig:3 – 11 Fig:3 -12 Premonsoon Water level Map of Study area Water level Map of Study area

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Ground Water Quality

In order to assess the ground water quality, tube well, dug well waters were analyzed from adjoining villages of the study area. The characteristics of the water are shown from table 3-17 (A to H). The ground water at all places was suitable for drinking purposes. The quality of the water available from the municipal source is also satisfactory.

Summarised Ground Water Quality Assessment Parameter Unit Min Mean Max Colour Hazen CL CL CL Odour $ U/ O U/ O U/ O Taste $ AL AL AL Turbidity NTU 1.5 2.5 3.1 pH Value $ 7.1 7.25 7.5

Total Hardness (as CaCO3) mg/l 70 94.75 118 Iron (as Fe) mg/ l 0.09 0.14375 0.21

Chloride (as Cl) mg/l 29.98 35.22875 49.97 Residual, free Chlorine mg/l ND ND ND Dissolved Solids mg/l 124 146.375 162 Calcium (as Ca) mg/l 18.43 23.325 28.8 Magnesium (as Mg) mg/l 3.4 8.86875 15.1 Copper (as Cu) mg/l < 0.01 < 0.01 < 0.01 Manganese (as Mn) mg/l < 0.01 < 0.01 < 0.01 Sulphate (as SO4) mg/l 3.2 4.75 6.5 Nitrate (as NO3) mg/l 2.1 3.65 4.8 Fluoride (as F) mg/ l 0.14 0.2425 0.29 Phenolic Compounds (as C6H5OH) mg/l < 0.001 < 0.001 < 0.001 Mercury (as Hg) mg/l < 0.001 < 0.001 < 0.001 Cadmium (as Cd) mg/l < 0.01 < 0.01 < 0.01 Selenium (as Se) mg/l < 0.01 < 0.01 < 0.01 Arsenic (as As) mg/l < 0.01 < 0.01 < 0.01 Cyanide (as CN) mg/l < 0.02 < 0.02 < 0.02 Lead (as Pb) mg/ l < 0.01 < 0.01 < 0.01 Zinc (as Zn) mg/ l 0.21 0.265 0.32 Chromium (as Cr+6) mg/l < 0.06 < 0.08 < 0.07 Mineral Oil mg/l ND ND ND

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Alkalinity mg/l 12 20.5 36 Aluminium as Al mg/l < 0.02 < 0.04 < 0.03 Boron mg/l 0.12 0.22 0.35 Pesticide mg/l Absent Absent Absent Polynuclear aromatic g/l hydrocarbons(as PAH) ND ND ND Anionic Detergent mg/l ND ND ND

Summarised Surface Water Quality Assessment Parameters Units min mean max Colour Hazen CL CL CL pH -- 6.9 7.15 7.4 DO (Minimum) mg/l 5.7 6.1 6.4 Chloride mg/ l 11.99 17.344 25.99 Total Dissolved Solids mg/ l 121 145.6 164 Suspended Solids* mg/ l 26 33.6 42 Oil & Grease mg/ l ND ND ND BOD (3) days at 27° C mg/ l < 3 < 3 < 3 Arsenic as As mg/ l < 0.01 < 0.01 < 0.01

Lead as Pb mg/ l < 0.01 < 0.01 < 0.01 Cadmium as Cd mg/l < 0.01 < 0.01 < 0.01 Chromium as Cr+6 mg/l < 0.05 < 0.05 < 0.05 Copper as Cu mg/l < 0.01 < 0.01 < 0.01 Zinc as Zn mg/l 0.21 0.319 0.44 Selenium as Se mg/ l < 0.01 < 0.01 < 0.01 Cyanide as CN mg/ l < 0.02 < 0.02 < 0.02 Fluoride as F mg/ l 0.12 0.229 0.36 Sulphates as SO4 mg/ l 4.5 6.5 8.5 Phenolic Compounds as C6H5OH mg/ l < 0.001 < 0.001 < 0.001

Iron as Fe mg/ l 0.22 0.286 0.39 Nitrate as NO3 mg/l 4.4 5.77 7.1 Anionic Detergents mg/l ND ND ND MPN/ Total Coliform 100 ml 240 290 320

CH-III- 34 Chapter 3 – Description of the Environment - Final Report M/s Lal Ferro Alloys Co. (P) Ltd, Vill- Biswasdih, Giridih, Jharkhand Induction Furnace (18000 TPA), Pig Iron (12000 TPA), Hard Coke (15000 TPA)

3.7 REGIONAL DEM OGRAPHIC PROFILE:

The prevailing status of human environment in the study area comprising demographic profile, infrastructure, socio-economic conditions and lifestyle is outlined below.

Demographic profile The study area is mostly a mix of rural and urban settings. The nearest major urban area is the Giridih at a distance of about 4.5 km. The data on regional demographic of the study area is summarized in Table 3-19. The data on population as per Census of India is detailed in Table 3-20. The population of the village where the industry will be located as per data available from Census of India is 445. From this data it is evident that the study area is moderate populated. The main occupation is agriculture and industrial workers.

Population & Sex – Age Composition The Biswasdih village comprise of 68 households having a population of 445. The average number of members per household is approximately 6.5. The total male population is 223 where as that of the females is 222. Percent of male : 50.11 % Percent of female: 49.89 %

Caste Composition: The area has almost 91% general population. The Caste composition is given below:

Proportion of SC Population 10.41 % Proportion of ST Population 3.18% General Population 86.41 %

Literacy: Literacy rate as per 2001 Census in the study shows general growth as compared to 1991 data. Overall the level of literacy is average. Female literacy is lower in comparison to male literacy.

Literacy rate: 73.16 %

CH-III- 35 Chapter 3 – Description of the Environment - Final Report M/s Lal Ferro Alloys Co. (P) Ltd, Vill- Biswasdih, Giridih, Jharkhand Induction Furnace (18000 TPA), Pig Iron (12000 TPA), Hard Coke (15000 TPA)

I nfrastructure: The area is well connected with State Highway linking Dhanbad and Giridih. The nearest major railway station is Giridih. Dug wells / Tube wells are source of drinking water for the villagers. Public conveyances and Communication facilities viz. Telephone, etc are available in most areas. The water supply and electricity supply in Giridih and neighbouring area is in better position than other locations in the buffer zone of the study area.

I ndustries in the area: Industries close to the plant site are, Steel Plants, Hard Coke, Refractory, etc found in the study area.

M edical facilities: Major Medical facilities are available at Giridih.

Electricity: Electricity facility is available in most of the villages and all other major locations of the area. Education facility:

Primary school is available at Giridih, Biswasdih, Budhiadih, etc. while secondary schools are available at Giridih. Overall the condition of education facilities is average in the study area with lack of proper infrastructural & awareness facilities.

3.8 ECOLOGICAL PROFILE Baseline data on biodiversity of the area including both flora & fauna were assimilated through field study and reviewing of secondary data in the study area. The area is moderately vegetated with natural vegetation. Both flora and fauna comprising the terrestrial ecology of the project site as well as buffer zone area were surveyed to assess the ecological status. Available official reports and published reports were also verified. The Data collected included those identified during field visits as well as secondary sources like published books of regional flora-fauna and other studies.

CH-III- 36 Chapter 3 – Description of the Environment - Final Report M/s Lal Ferro Alloys Co. (P) Ltd, Vill- Biswasdih, Giridih, Jharkhand Induction Furnace (18000 TPA), Pig Iron (12000 TPA), Hard Coke (15000 TPA)

There are no National Parks or Reserve Forest within a radius of 10 km. Some PF areas are found in the south & south-west region at about 4 km distance from the plant.

TABLE: 3 - 15 FLORA I N THE STUDY AREA Common Name Scientific Name Family Sabeda Achras zapota Sapotaceae Maharuk Ailanthus excelsa Simaroubaceae Sirish Albizia lebbek Mimosaceae Kaju badam Anacardium occidentale Anacardiaceae Satamuli Asparagus racemosus Liliaceae Neem Azadirachta indica Meliaceae Golden Bamboo Bambusa vulgaris Poaceae Kanchan Bauhinia racemosa Caesalpiniaceae Rakta kanchan Bauhinia variegata Caesalpiniaceae Shimul Bombax ceiba Bombacaceae Krishnachura Caesalpinia pulcherrima Caesalpiniaceae Sultana champa Calophyllum inophyllum Clusiaceae Pepe Carica papaya Caricaceae Java cassia Cassia javanica Caesalpiniaceae Halud sondal Cassia siamea Caesalpiniaceae Jau Casuarina equisetifolia Casuarinaceae Tej pata Cinnamomum tamala Lauraceae Telakucha Coccinia cordifolia Cucurbitaceae Bohari Cordia dichotoma Boraginaceae Nagalingam Couroupita guianensis Lecythidaceae Kumro Cucurbita maxima Cucurbitaceae Misti kumra Cucurbita pepo Cucurbitaceae Nirbishi Cyperus kyllingia Cyperaceae Kakuriya Dactyloctenium aegyptium Poaceae Shisu Dalbergia sissoo Leguminosae Karail Dendrocalamus strictus Poaceae Baramanda Dendrophthoe falcata Loranthaceae Gab Diospyros affinis Ebenaceae Shama Echinochloa colonum Poaceae Palte Madar Erythrina variegata Leguminosae Jum Garuga pinnata Burseraceae Phalsa Grewia asiatica Tiliaceae Ooloo Grass Imperata cylindrica Poaceae Sausage tree Kigelia pinnata Bignoniaceae Nirbishi Kyllinga monocephala Cyperaceae Lau Lagenaria siceraria Cucurbitaceae Jarul Lagerstroemia speciosa Lytharaceae

CH-III- 37 Chapter 3 – Description of the Environment - Final Report M/s Lal Ferro Alloys Co. (P) Ltd, Vill- Biswasdih, Giridih, Jharkhand Induction Furnace (18000 TPA), Pig Iron (12000 TPA), Hard Coke (15000 TPA)

Litchu Litchi chinensis Sapindaceae Mahua Madhuca indica Sapotaceae Aam Mangifera indica Anacardiaceae Mahanim Melia azedarach Meliaceae Nagkesar Mesua ferrea Guttiferae Kash Saccharum spontaneum Poaceae Ritha Sapindus macromedia Sapindaceae Amra Spondias pinnata Anacardiaceae Mahagony Swietenia mahagoni Meliaceae Tentul Tamarindus indica Caesalpiniaceae Sagun Tectona grandis Verbenaceae Haritaki Terminalia chebula Combretaceae Golancha Tinospora cordifolia Menispermaceae

FAUNAL PATTERN: Aquatic Species - Fish Common Name Scientific Name Morala Aspidoparea mola Katla Catla catla Chang Channa orietalis Lata Channa punctalis Mrigal Chirrhinus mrigala Magur Clarius batrachus Darika Esomus darika Rohu Labeo rohita Bhetki Lates calcarifera Common Barb or Punti Puntius saphori Chela Salmostoma culpeodes Tepa Tetradon cuscutia Masheer Tor putitora Boal Wallago attu

Reptile Species Common Name Scientific Name Common Indian krait Burngarus caeruleus Common garden lizard Calotes versicolor Tucktoo Gecko gecko House gecko Hemidactylus brooki Wall lizard Hemidactylus flaviviridis Tree gecko Hemidactylus leschenumti Common wolf snake Lycodon aulicus Common or brahminy skink Mabuya craniata Russell’s viper Viper russelli Checkered keel back Xenochrophis piscator

CH-III- 38 Chapter 3 – Description of the Environment - Final Report M/s Lal Ferro Alloys Co. (P) Ltd, Vill- Biswasdih, Giridih, Jharkhand Induction Furnace (18000 TPA), Pig Iron (12000 TPA), Hard Coke (15000 TPA)

Avian Species Common Name Scientific Name Mayna- Jungle Acridotheres fuscus Mayna- Common Acridotheres tristis Common Kingfisher Alcedo atthis Kingfisher- Common Alcedo atthis House Swift Apus affinis Jungle crow Corvus macrorthynchos House Crow Corvus splendens Black Drongo Dicrurus adsimilis Golden Back Woodpecker Dinopium benghalense Indian Ring Dove Streptopelia decapctp Koel Eudynamys scolopacea Whitebrowed Fantail Flycatcher Rhipidura aureola Kingfisher- Whitebreasted Halcyon smyrnensis Common Swallow Hirundo rustica Grey backed shrike Lanius tephronotus Coppersmith Barbet Megalaima haemacephala Pariah Kite Milvus migrans House Sparrow Passer domesticus Spotted Dove Streptopelia chinensis Colour Dove Streptopelia decaocto Mayna- Pied Sturnus contra Mayna- Brahminy Sturnus pagodarum Sirkeer Cuckoo Taccocua leschenaultu Wood Shrike Tephrodomis pondicerianus Jungle Babler Turdoides striatus Barn Owl Tyto alba Hoopoe Upupa spops

M ammalian Species Common Name Scientific Name Bandicoot Rat Bandicota indica Common langur Phesbystis entellus Five stripped squirrel Funmbulus plamerum Fruit bat Rousettus sp. House mouse Mus musculus House rate Rattus rattus House shrew Souncus murinus Indian mole rate Bandicota bengalensis Jackal Canis aureus Jungle cat Feis chaus Palm civet Paradoxurus harmaphroditus Small Indian Civet Viverricula indica Squirrel Funambulus palmeram

CH-III- 39 Chapter 3 – Description of the Environment - Final Report M/s Lal Ferro Alloys Co. (P) Ltd, Vill- Biswasdih, Giridih, Jharkhand Induction Furnace (18000 TPA), Pig Iron (12000 TPA), Hard Coke (15000 TPA)

ANNEXURE

FI ELD REPORTS

December 2011 – February 2012

CH-III- 40 Chapter 3 – Description of the Environment - Final Report M/s Lal Ferro Alloys Co. (P) Ltd, Vill- Biswasdih, Giridih, Jharkhand Induction Furnace (18000 TPA), Pig Iron (12000 TPA), Hard Coke (15000 TPA)

Table: 3 - 16 (A) AM BIENT AIR M ONITORING PROJECT: M/ S LAL FERRO ALLOYS CO. PVT LTD LOCATION: Plant site SEASON: WINTER A1: Duration Unit in microgram / cubic meter Sl. of No Date PM2. . monitoring PM 10 SO2 NOx CO

in hrs 5 1 01/ 12/ 11 24 63.8 30.4 12.5 23.1 112.0 2 05/ 12/ 11 24 66.6 32.2 11.7 21.4 115.0 3 09/ 12/ 11 24 64.5 30.8 13.7 24.3 111.0 4 13/ 12/ 11 24 71.2 34.8 10.9 20.2 116.0 5 16/ 12/ 11 24 72.0 36.6 14.4 24.9 109.0 6 20/ 12/ 11 24 65.4 33.4 14.4 24.9 111.0 7 24/ 12/ 11 24 66.2 36.1 12.5 23.1 112.0 8 28/ 12/ 11 24 67.0 33.5 11.7 20.2 115.0 9 02/ 01/ 12 24 66.8 32.4 8.2 19.0 111.0 10 05/ 01/ 12 24 72.2 37.4 13.7 24.3 117.0 11 09/ 01/ 12 24 73.4 38.2 10.9 21.4 112.0 12 13/ 01/ 12 24 73.0 37.6 12.5 24.9 109.0 13 17/ 01/ 12 24 68.2 36.4 14.4 23.1 115.0 14 21/ 01/ 12 24 64.8 32.6 13.7 24.3 110.0 15 24/ 01/ 12 24 70.2 34.2 11.7 21.4 112.0 16 28/ 01/ 12 24 68.4 36.8 15.1 26.6 113.0 17 01/ 02/ 12 24 72.2 36.4 12.5 24.9 114.0 18 04/ 02/ 12 24 66.6 32.1 15.1 26.6 113.0 19 07/ 02/ 12 24 70.8 35.8 12.5 24.3 115.0 20 10/ 02/ 12 24 65.6 32.6 10.9 21.4 118.0 21 13/ 02/ 12 24 72.2 36.8 13.7 24.9 111.0 22 16/ 02/ 12 24 72.6 37.8 8.2 19.0 117.0 23 20/ 02/ 12 24 65.8 32.6 12.5 20.2 110.0 24 24/ 02/ 12 24 67.7 34.2 13.7 24.9 115.0 BDL: BELOW DETECTABLE LIMIT

CH-III- 41 Chapter 3 – Description of the Environment - Final Report M/s Lal Ferro Alloys Co. (P) Ltd, Vill- Biswasdih, Giridih, Jharkhand Induction Furnace (18000 TPA), Pig Iron (12000 TPA), Hard Coke (15000 TPA)

Table: 3 – 16 (B) AM BIENT AIR M ONITORING PROJECT: M/ S LAL FERRO ALLOYS CO. PVT LTD LOCATION: Koiradih SEASON: WINTER A2: Unit in microgram / cubic meter Duration of Sl. Date monitoring No. in hrs PM10 PM2.5 SO2 NOx CO

1 02/ 12/ 11 24 56.0 28.1 11.6 20.6 110.3 2 06/ 12/ 11 24 58.6 28.3 8.9 17.7 111.3 3 10/ 12/ 11 24 61.0 31.8 12.3 21.2 112.3 4 14/ 12/ 11 24 59.4 30.2 10.3 15.3 114.3 5 19/ 12/ 11 24 63.0 29.7 10.4 16.5 118.3 6 22/ 12/ 11 24 60.5 28.8 9.6 15.3 107.3 7 26/ 12/ 11 24 62.4 27.8 6.1 14.8 115.3 8 29/ 12/ 11 24 62.0 28.8 10.9 20.6 116.3 9 03/ 01/ 12 24 60.6 29.5 8.8 15.3 114.3 10 06/ 01/ 12 24 61.8 32.6 10.4 22.9 113.3 11 10/ 01/ 12 24 59.7 31.3 12.3 21.2 110.3 12 14/ 01/ 12 24 62.1 29.8 11.6 22.9 110.3 13 18/ 01/ 12 24 63.4 28.8 9.6 20.6 104.3 14 23/ 01/ 12 24 63.0 29.7 13.0 21.2 111.3 15 26/ 01/ 12 24 63.5 30.8 10.3 21.2 114.3 16 30/ 01/ 12 24 63.0 31.7 8.9 15.3 107.3 17 02/ 02/ 12 24 63.7 32.4 10.4 16.5 108.3 18 06/ 02/ 12 24 61.4 32.8 8.9 15.3 106.3 19 08/ 02/ 12 24 63.4 33.7 11.6 20.6 113.3 20 11/ 02/ 12 24 60.5 34.8 6.1 14.8 108.3 21 14/ 02/ 12 24 61.6 33.3 10.3 21.2 109.3 22 17/ 02/ 12 24 62.8 32.4 10.9 22.9 108.3 23 21/ 02/ 12 24 59.7 31.7 10.4 20.6 113.3 24 25/ 02/ 12 24 61.6 29.8 9.6 17.7 118.3 BDL: BELOW DETECTABLE LIMIT

CH-III- 42 Chapter 3 – Description of the Environment - Final Report M/s Lal Ferro Alloys Co. (P) Ltd, Vill- Biswasdih, Giridih, Jharkhand Induction Furnace (18000 TPA), Pig Iron (12000 TPA), Hard Coke (15000 TPA)

Table: 3- 16 (C) AM BIENT AIR M ONITORING PROJECT: M/ S LAL FERRO ALLOYS CO. PVT LTD LOCATION : Gamharitanr SEASON : WINTER A3: Duration Unit in microgram / cubic meter Sl. of Date No. monitoring PM10 PM SO2 NOx CO in hrs 2.5 1 01/ 12/ 11 24 58.9 24.3 8.2 12.7 107 2 05/ 12/ 11 24 56.8 24.5 10.9 18 110 3 09/ 12/ 11 24 54.4 25.2 5.4 12.2 107 4 13/ 12/ 11 24 57.3 28.5 9.6 18.6 109 5 16/ 12/ 11 24 55.4 28.6 10.2 20.3 119 6 20/ 12/ 11 24 55.1 28.1 9.7 18 113 7 24/ 12/ 11 24 58.5 26 8.1 13.9 111 8 28/ 12/ 11 24 57.9 25.5 11.6 18.6 106 9 02/ 01/ 12 24 55.8 24.6 11.6 18.6 110 10 05/ 01/ 12 24 56.9 24.4 9.7 16.8 109 11 09/ 01/ 12 24 58.3 25.1 8.9 13.9 112 12 13/ 01/ 12 24 54.7 25.6 5.4 12.7 111 13 17/ 01/ 12 24 56.3 26.5 10.9 18 112 14 21/ 01/ 12 24 55.4 27.9 8.1 15.1 117 15 24/ 01/ 12 24 54.7 24.6 10.9 18 116 16 28/ 01/ 12 24 55.8 25.5 5.4 12.2 105 17 01/ 02/ 12 24 54.9 28.6 9.6 18.6 107 18 04/ 02/ 12 24 56.3 23.6 10.2 20.3 111 19 07/ 02/ 12 24 56.9 25.5 9.7 18 103 20 10/ 02/ 12 24 55.5 24.8 8.9 15.1 107 21 13/ 02/ 12 24 54.4 23.6 12.3 20.3 115 22 16/ 02/ 12 24 56.7 25.1 9.7 18 109 23 20/ 02/ 12 24 58.3 26.6 8.1 15.1 114 24 24/ 02/ 12 24 54.6 27 10.9 18.6 103 BDL: BELOW DETECTABLE LIMIT

CH-III- 43 Chapter 3 – Description of the Environment - Final Report M/s Lal Ferro Alloys Co. (P) Ltd, Vill- Biswasdih, Giridih, Jharkhand Induction Furnace (18000 TPA), Pig Iron (12000 TPA), Hard Coke (15000 TPA)

Table: 3- 16 (D) AM BIENT AIR M ONITORING PROJECT: M/ S LAL FERRO ALLOYS CO. PVT LTD LOCATION : Majhiladih SEASON : WINTER A4: Duration Unit in microgram / cubic meter of Sl. Date No. monitoring PM10 PM2.5 SO2 NOx CO in hrs 1 03/ 12/ 11 24 63.1 26.1 6.2 13.1 103 2 07/ 12/ 11 24 65.3 33 10.4 19.5 113 3 12/ 12/ 11 24 64.7 32.6 11 21.2 112 4 15/ 12/ 11 24 63.5 30.2 10.5 18.9 115 5 20/ 12/ 11 24 60.7 29.8 8.9 14.8 114 6 23/ 12/ 11 24 57.3 27.2 12.4 19.5 109 7 27/ 12/ 11 24 62.5 30.8 12.4 19.5 107 8 30/ 12/ 11 24 62.5 32.6 10.5 17.7 113 9 04/ 01/ 12 24 66.5 33.4 11.7 18.9 111 10 07/ 01/ 12 24 64.9 31 8.9 16 113 11 11/ 01/ 12 24 63.1 31.1 11.7 18.9 117 12 16/ 01/ 12 24 64.5 33 6.2 13.1 109 13 19/ 01/ 12 24 64.7 34 10.4 19.5 114 14 24/ 01/ 12 24 64.3 33.4 11 21.2 115 15 27/ 01/ 12 24 65.5 34.9 10.5 18.9 106 16 31/ 01/ 12 24 61.3 31.9 9.7 16 117 17 03/ 02/ 12 24 62.8 30.2 8.9 16 108 18 07/ 02/ 12 24 61.3 29.1 11.7 19.5 119 19 09/ 02/ 12 24 65.7 34.8 11.7 18.9 114 20 13/ 02/ 12 24 59.1 29.7 6.2 13.1 113 21 15/ 02/ 12 24 57.4 27 10.4 19.5 112 22 18/ 02/ 12 24 58.3 28.2 11 21.2 107 23 22/ 02/ 12 24 63.1 32 10.5 18.9 109 24 27/ 02/ 12 24 64.5 32.9 11.7 18.9 108 BDL: BELOW DETECTABLE LIMIT

CH-III- 44 Chapter 3 – Description of the Environment - Final Report M/s Lal Ferro Alloys Co. (P) Ltd, Vill- Biswasdih, Giridih, Jharkhand Induction Furnace (18000 TPA), Pig Iron (12000 TPA), Hard Coke (15000 TPA)

Table: 3 – 16 (E) AM BIENT AIR M ONITORING PROJECT: M/ S LAL FERRO ALLOYS CO. PVT LTD LOCATION : Barhagori SEASON : WINTER A5: Duration Unit in microgram / cubic meter Sl. Date of monitoring No. in hrs PM10 PM2.5 SO2 NOx CO

1 02/ 12/ 11 24 51.7 28.1 7.2 14.5 102.8 2 06/ 12/ 11 24 58.8 32.7 10.7 19.2 105.8 3 10/ 12/ 11 24 55.6 30.3 10.7 19.2 108.8 4 14/ 12/ 11 24 56.8 30.8 8.8 17.4 113.8 5 19/ 12/ 11 24 52.1 27.2 10 18.6 110.8 6 22/ 12/ 11 24 57.6 32.8 7.2 15.7 116.8 7 26/ 12/ 11 24 50.8 25.4 10 18.6 114.8 8 29/ 12/ 11 24 56.6 31.6 4.5 12.8 108.8 9 03/ 01/ 12 24 54.9 27.5 8.7 19.2 110.8 10 06/ 01/ 12 24 56.7 29.4 9.3 20.9 111.8 11 10/ 01/ 12 24 57.1 30.2 8.8 18.6 113.8 12 14/ 01/ 12 24 58.2 32 8 15.7 116.8 13 18/ 01/ 12 24 51 24.2 7.2 15.7 114.8 14 23/ 01/ 12 24 53.6 27.9 10 19.2 104.8 15 26/ 01/ 12 24 56.6 31.3 10 18.6 106.8 16 30/ 01/ 12 24 56.9 30.5 4.5 12.8 105.8 17 02/ 02/ 12 24 54.8 27.2 8.8 18.6 103.8 18 06/ 02/ 12 24 56.7 30.6 8 15.7 102.8 19 08/ 02/ 12 24 54.8 28.2 7.2 15.7 101.8 20 11/ 02/ 12 24 53.9 27.2 4.5 12.8 111.8 21 14/ 02/ 12 24 51.8 24.9 8.7 19.2 110.8 22 17/ 02/ 12 24 51.1 25.2 9.3 20.9 108.8 23 21/ 02/ 12 24 55.6 30.1 8.8 18.6 107.8 24 25/ 02/ 12 24 51.4 26.4 10 18.6 109.8 BDL: BELOW DETECTABLE LIMIT

CH-III- 45 Chapter 3 – Description of the Environment - Final Report M/s Lal Ferro Alloys Co. (P) Ltd, Vill- Biswasdih, Giridih, Jharkhand Induction Furnace (18000 TPA), Pig Iron (12000 TPA), Hard Coke (15000 TPA)

Table : 3 -16 (F) AM BIENT AIR M ONITORING PROJECT: M/ S LAL FERRO ALLOYS CO. PVT LTD LOCATION : Purnanagar SEASON : WINTER A6: Duration Unit in microgram / cubic meter Sl. Date of monitoring No. in hrs PM 10 PM2.5 SO2 NOx CO

1 03/ 12/ 11 24 42.0 27.5 6.9 13.2 114.1 2 07/ 12/ 11 24 47.2 28.2 10.4 17.9 111.1 3 12/ 12/ 11 24 48.3 30.1 10.4 17.9 105.1 4 15/ 12/ 11 24 43.9 28.5 8.5 16.1 107.1 5 20/ 12/ 11 24 43.2 27.8 9.7 17.3 112.1 6 23/ 12/ 11 24 49.3 29.5 6.9 14.4 108.1 7 27/ 12/ 11 24 47.9 28.2 9.7 17.3 109.1 8 30/ 12/ 11 24 49.4 31.2 4.2 11.5 110.1 9 04/ 01/ 12 24 46.5 27.6 8.4 17.9 102.1 10 07/ 01/ 12 24 49.4 28.2 9.7 17.3 113.1 11 11/ 01/ 12 24 49.9 30.6 4.2 11.5 115.1 12 16/ 01/ 12 24 49.5 31.9 8.5 17.3 108.1 13 19/ 01/ 12 24 45.9 30.5 7.7 14.4 116.1 14 24/ 01/ 12 24 50.3 29.2 6.9 14.4 110.1 15 27/ 01/ 12 24 46.1 28.1 4.2 11.5 109.1 16 31/ 01/ 12 24 48.5 28.5 4.2 11.5 111.1 17 03/ 02/ 12 24 47.2 28.1 8.5 17.3 116.1 18 07/ 02/ 12 24 47.9 29.5 7.7 14.4 114.1 19 09/ 02/ 12 24 49.2 30.1 6.9 14.4 103.1 20 13/ 02/ 12 24 44.0 28.2 4.2 11.5 113.1 21 15/ 02/ 12 24 45.9 27.6 8.4 17.9 115.1 22 18/ 02/ 12 24 49.5 29.2 9 19.6 110.1 23 22/ 02/ 12 24 47.9 31.5 8.5 17.3 109.1 24 27/ 02/ 12 24 45.4 30.1 9.7 17.3 111.1 BDL: BELOW DETECTABLE LIMIT

CH-III- 46 Chapter 3 – Description of the Environment - Final Report M/s Lal Ferro Alloys Co. (P) Ltd, Vill- Biswasdih, Giridih, Jharkhand Induction Furnace (18000 TPA), Pig Iron (12000 TPA), Hard Coke (15000 TPA)

Table : 3 - 16 (G) AM BIENT AIR M ONITORING PROJECT : M/ S LAL FERRO ALLOYS CO. PVT LTD LOCATION : Chunjaka SEASON : WINTER A7: Duration Unit in microgram / cubic meter Sl. of Date No. monitoring PM 10 PM SO NOx CO in hrs 2.5 2 1 01/ 12/ 11 24 49.6 26.1 6.4 13.9 106.9 2 05/ 12/ 11 24 51.2 27.2 10.6 20.3 105.9 3 09/ 12/ 11 24 52.3 28.1 11.9 19.7 107.9 4 13/ 12/ 11 24 55.6 29.4 6.4 13.9 110.9 5 16/ 12/ 11 24 54.4 26.1 10.7 19.7 107.9 6 20/ 12/ 11 24 51.8 24.2 9.9 16.8 111.9 7 24/ 12/ 11 24 52.4 25.3 9.1 16.8 111.9 8 28/ 12/ 11 24 51.2 23.4 6.4 13.9 108.9 9 02/ 01/ 12 24 50.3 26 6.4 13.9 114.9 10 05/ 01/ 12 24 50.2 25.5 10.7 19.7 106.9 11 09/ 01/ 12 24 55.6 28.6 9.9 16.8 106.9 12 13/ 01/ 12 24 49.6 26.1 6.4 13.9 106.9 13 17/ 01/ 12 24 51.2 27.2 10.6 20.3 105.9 14 21/ 01/ 12 24 52.3 28.1 11.9 19.7 107.9 15 24/ 01/ 12 24 55.6 29.4 6.4 13.9 110.9 16 28/ 01/ 12 24 54.4 26.1 10.7 19.7 107.9 17 01/ 02/ 12 24 51.8 24.2 9.9 16.8 111.9 18 04/ 02/ 12 24 52.4 25.3 9.1 16.8 111.9 19 07/ 02/ 12 24 51.2 23.4 6.4 13.9 108.9 20 10/ 02/ 12 24 50.3 26 6.4 13.9 114.9 21 13/ 02/ 12 24 50.2 25.5 10.7 19.7 106.9 22 16/ 02/ 12 24 55.6 28.6 9.9 16.8 106.9 23 20/ 02/ 12 24 52.4 24.5 9.1 16.8 108.9 24 24/ 02/ 12 24 53.2 25.1 6.4 13.9 109.9 BDL: BELOW DETECTABLE LIMIT

CH-III- 47 Chapter 3 – Description of the Environment - Final Report M/s Lal Ferro Alloys Co. (P) Ltd, Vill- Biswasdih, Giridih, Jharkhand Induction Furnace (18000 TPA), Pig Iron (12000 TPA), Hard Coke (15000 TPA)

Table : 3 - 16 (H) AM BIENT AIR M ONITORING PROJECT: M/ S LAL FERRO ALLOYS CO. PVT LTD LOCATION : Giridih SEASON : WINTER A8: Duration Unit in microgram / cubic meter Sl. Date of monitoring No. in hrs PM 10 PM2.5 SO2 NOx CO

1 02/ 12/ 11 24 66.5 28.8 12.3 30.6 108 2 06/ 12/ 11 24 69.7 34 12.9 32.3 107 3 10/ 12/ 11 24 67.1 28.9 12.4 30 112 4 14/ 12/ 11 24 70.7 32.7 13.6 30 116 5 19/ 12/ 11 24 69.1 33.9 10.8 27.1 116 6 22/ 12/ 11 24 70.2 34.2 8.1 24.2 113 7 26/ 12/ 11 24 68 31.7 8.1 24.2 109 8 29/ 12/ 11 24 71.1 34 12.3 30.6 111 9 03/ 01/ 12 24 70.5 30.7 13.6 30 117 10 06/ 01/ 12 24 69.6 31.6 8.1 24.2 116 11 10/ 01/ 12 24 63.4 28.8 12.4 30 119 12 14/ 01/ 12 24 67.5 30 11.6 27.1 117 13 18/ 01/ 12 24 65.1 30.7 10.8 27.1 111 14 23/ 01/ 12 24 69.8 33.6 8.1 24.2 110 15 26/ 01/ 12 24 66.5 31.8 10.8 27.1 112 16 30/ 01/ 12 24 70.6 33 8.1 24.2 107 17 02/ 02/ 12 24 68.7 30.9 12.3 30.6 105 18 06/ 02/ 12 24 71.1 35.2 12.9 32.3 114 19 08/ 02/ 12 24 67.4 32.8 12.4 30 114 20 11/ 02/ 12 24 63.7 28.2 13.6 30 116 21 14/ 02/ 12 24 65.5 30 8.1 24.2 111 22 17/ 02/ 12 24 66.7 29.7 12.4 30 110 23 21/ 02/ 12 24 69.5 30.9 11.6 27.1 109 24 25/ 02/ 12 24 69.1 32.2 10.8 27.1 103 BDL: BELOW DETECTABLE LIMIT

CH-III- 48 Chapter 3 – Description of the Environment - Final Report M/s Lal Ferro Alloys Co. (P) Ltd, Vill- Biswasdih, Giridih, Jharkhand Induction Furnace (18000 TPA), Pig Iron (12000 TPA), Hard Coke (15000 TPA)

TABLE: 3 - 17 NOISE QUALITY M ONITORING

PROJECT:LAL FERRO ALLOYS COPVT LTD LOCATIO:10 KM STUDY AREA SEASON:WINTER Burhiyadihtol Site Tirukdiha Giridih Chunjake Biswasdih a 1 47.30 47.60 46.46 49.17 47.28 45.31 2 48.74 50.61 53.42 46.87 48.18 48.93 3 56.60 49.58 55.35 51.73 56.41 53.98 4 59.40 52.01 58.93 56.03 54.54 58.47 5 55.75 55.57 69.97 63.56 60.81 64.30 6 50.34 46.59 58.93 58.27 64.08 60.30 7 51.83 66.45 63.61 69.38 46.77 60.90 8 51.90 48.83 56.41 63.90 55.47 62.40 9 57.25 60.43 51.92 60.55 64.08 59.80 10 55.94 54.44 59.78 70.45 72.69 60.65 11 67.45 61.93 69.04 78.55 56.41 66.65 12 58.47 64.65 58.19 70.26 51.64 59.31 13 62.12 53.32 62.02 64.02 52.11 54.07 14 54.54 54.44 48.83 70.54 55.47 61.76 15 66.32 60.65 57.53 76.65 52.20 55.86 16 49.02 56.60 56.32 66.87 51.73 60.44 Avg. Day 55.81 55.23 57.92 63.55 55.62 58.32 17 53.67 54.89 52.56 66.54 55.23 53.80 18 54.11 46.56 52.56 50.00 54.89 55.11 19 54.00 48.89 52.56 59.54 53.00 52.78 20 50.60 52.56 47.78 60.33 57.33 48.50 21 47.78 46.89 51.33 55.76 53.78 48.89 22 48.67 44.22 48.89 55.76 48.67 44.60 23 44.80 49.78 53.33 52.33 50.54 48.43 24 49.89 51.11 50.00 51.11 49.54 48.54 Avg. Night 50.44 49.36 51.13 56.42 52.87 50.08

Leq Noise level, Noise level in dB(A)

CH-III- 49 Chapter 3 – Description of the Environment - Final Report M/s Lal Ferro Alloys Co. (P) Ltd, Vill- Biswasdih, Giridih, Jharkhand Induction Furnace (18000 TPA), Pig Iron (12000 TPA), Hard Coke (15000 TPA)

TABLE: 3 – 18 (A) SURFACE WATER QUALI TY M ONI TORING

PROJECT:LAL FERRO ALLOYS CO. PVT LTD LOCATION:URSI RIVER (UPSTREAM) SEASON:WINTER Standards as Per Unit of Analysis Sl.No. Parameters CPCB(DBU- measurement result ‘C’) 1 Colour 300 Hazen CL 2 pH 6.5-8.5 -- 7.2 3 DO (Minimum) 4.0 mg/l 6.2 4 Chloride 600 mg/l 17.99 5 Total Dissolved Solids 1500 mg/ l 136 6 Suspended Solids* $ mg/l 26 7 Oil & Grease 0.1 mg/ l ND 8 BOD (3) days at 27° C 3.0 mg/ l < 3 9 Arsenic as As 0.2 mg/ l < 0.01 10 Lead as Pb 0.1 mg/ l < 0.01 11 Cadmium as Cd 0.01 mg/ l < 0.01 12 Chromium as Cr+6 0.05 mg/ l < 0.05 13 Copper as Cu 1.5 mg/ l < 0.01 14 Zinc as Zn 15 mg/ l 0.21 15 Selenium as Se 0.05 mg/ l < 0.01 16 Cyanide as CN 0.05 mg/ l < 0.02 17 Fluoride as F 1.5 mg/ l 0.24 18 Sulphates as SO4 400 mg/l 4.8

19 Phenolic Compounds as C6H5OH 0.005 mg/ l < 0.001 20 Iron as Fe 50 mg/ l 0.29 21 Nitrate as NO3 50 mg/l 6.5 22 Anionic Detergents 1 mg/l ND MPN/ 23 Total Coliform 5000 240 100 ml B.DL: Below Detectable Limits

CH-III- 50 Chapter 3 – Description of the Environment - Final Report M/s Lal Ferro Alloys Co. (P) Ltd, Vill- Biswasdih, Giridih, Jharkhand Induction Furnace (18000 TPA), Pig Iron (12000 TPA), Hard Coke (15000 TPA)

TABLE: 3 – 18 (B) SURFACE WATER QUALI TY M ONI TORING

PROJECT:LAL FERRO ALLOYS CO. PVT LTD SAMPLING POINT:URSI RIVER (DOWNSTREAM) SEASON:WINTER Standards as Per Unit of Analysis Sl.No. Parameters CPCB(DBU- measurement result ‘C’) 1 Colour 300 Hazen CL 2 pH 6.5-8.5 -- 7.2 3 DO (Minimum) 4.0 mg/l 6.0 4 Chloride 600 mg/l 21.99 5 Total Dissolved Solids 1500 mg/l 121 6 Suspended Solids* $ mg/l 33 7 Oil & Grease 0.1 mg/ l ND 8 BOD (3) days at 27° C 3.0 mg/ l < 3 9 Arsenic as As 0.2 mg/ l < 0.01 10 Lead as Pb 0.1 mg/ l < 0.01 11 Cadmium as Cd 0.01 mg/ l < 0.01 12 Chromium as Cr+6 0.05 mg/ l < 0.05 13 Copper as Cu 1.5 mg/ l < 0.01 14 Zinc as Zn 15 mg/ l 0.32 15 Selenium as Se 0.05 mg/ l < 0.01 16 Cyanide as CN 0.05 mg/ l < 0.02 17 Fluoride as F 1.5 mg/l 0.29 18 Sulphates as SO4 400 mg/l 5.9

19 Phenolic Compounds as C6H5OH 0.005 mg/ l < 0.001 20 Iron as Fe 50 mg/ l 0.23 21 Nitrate as NO3 50 mg/l 5.7 22 Anionic Detergents 1 mg/l ND MPN/ 23 Total Coliform 5000 280 100 ml

B.DL: Below Detectable Limits

CH-III- 51 Chapter 3 – Description of the Environment - Final Report M/s Lal Ferro Alloys Co. (P) Ltd, Vill- Biswasdih, Giridih, Jharkhand Induction Furnace (18000 TPA), Pig Iron (12000 TPA), Hard Coke (15000 TPA)

TABLE: 3 – 18(C) SURFACE WATER QUALI TY M ONI TORING

PROJECT:LAL FERRO ALLOYS CO. PVT LTD SAMPLING POINT:Dhirabar nala SEASON:WINTER Standards as Per Unit of Analysis Sl.No. Parameters CPCB(DBU- measurement result ‘C’) 1 Colour 300 Hazen CL 2 pH 6.5-8.5 -- 6.9 3 DO (Minimum) 4.0 mg/l 6.4 4 Chloride 600 mg/l 15.99 5 Total Dissolved Solids 1500 mg/ l 164 6 Suspended Solids* $ mg/l 35 7 Oil & Grease 0.1 mg/ l ND 8 BOD (3) days at 27° C 3.0 mg/ l < 3 9 Arsenic as As 0.2 mg/ l < 0.01 10 Lead as Pb 0.1 mg/ l < 0.01 11 Cadmium as Cd 0.01 mg/ l < 0.01 12 Chromium as Cr+6 0.05 mg/ l < 0.05 13 Copper as Cu 1.5 mg/ l < 0.01 14 Zinc as Zn 15 mg/ l 0.31 15 Selenium as Se 0.05 mg/ l < 0.01 16 Cyanide as CN 0.05 mg/ l < 0.02 17 Fluoride as F 1.5 mg/ l 0.36 18 Sulphates as SO4 400 mg/l 4.5

19 Phenolic Compounds as C6H5OH 0.005 mg/ l < 0.001 20 Iron as Fe 50 mg/ l 0.32 21 Nitrate as NO3 50 mg/l 4.4 22 Anionic Detergents 1 mg/l ND MPN/ 23 Total Coliform 5000 300 100 ml B.DL: Below Detectable Limits

CH-III- 52 Chapter 3 – Description of the Environment - Final Report M/s Lal Ferro Alloys Co. (P) Ltd, Vill- Biswasdih, Giridih, Jharkhand Induction Furnace (18000 TPA), Pig Iron (12000 TPA), Hard Coke (15000 TPA)

TABLE: 3 – 18 (D) SURFACE WATER QUALI TY M ONI TORING

PROJECT:LAL FERRO ALLOYS CO. PVT LTD. SAMPLING POINT: Khakho nala SEASON:WINTER Standards as Per Unit of Analysis Sl.No. Parameters CPCB(DBU- measurement result ‘C’) 1 Colour 300 Hazen CL 2 pH 6.5-8.5 -- 7.2 3 DO (Minimum) 4.0 mg/l 6.1 4 Chloride 600 mg/l 13.99 5 Total Dissolved Solids 1500 mg/ l 147 6 Suspended Solids* $ mg/l 28 7 Oil & Grease 0.1 mg/ l ND 8 BOD (3) days at 27° C 3.0 mg/ l < 3 9 Arsenic as As 0.2 mg/ l < 0.01 10 Lead as Pb 0.1 mg/ l < 0.01 11 Cadmium as Cd 0.01 mg/ l < 0.01 12 Chromium as Cr+6 0.05 mg/ l < 0.05 13 Copper as Cu 1.5 mg/ l < 0.01 14 Zinc as Zn 15 mg/ l 0.32 15 Selenium as Se 0.05 mg/ l < 0.01 16 Cyanide as CN 0.05 mg/ l < 0.02 17 Fluoride as F 1.5 mg/ l 0.29 18 Sulphates as SO4 400 mg/l 4.9

19 Phenolic Compounds as C6H5OH 0.005 mg/ l < 0.001 20 Iron as Fe 50 mg/ l 0.39 21 Nitrate as NO3 50 mg/l 5.1 22 Anionic Detergents 1 mg/l ND MPN/ 23 Total Coliform 5000 260 100 ml B.DL: Below Detectable Limits

CH-III- 53 Chapter 3 – Description of the Environment - Final Report M/s Lal Ferro Alloys Co. (P) Ltd, Vill- Biswasdih, Giridih, Jharkhand Induction Furnace (18000 TPA), Pig Iron (12000 TPA), Hard Coke (15000 TPA)

TABLE: 3 – 18 (E) SURFACE WATER QUALI TY M ONI TORING

PROJECT:LAL FERRO ALLOYS CO. PVT LTD SAMPLING POINT:Chilkharo nala SEASON:WINTER Standards as Per Unit of Analysis Sl.No. Parameters CPCB(DBU- measurement result ‘C’) 1 Colour 300 Hazen CL 2 pH 6.5-8.5 -- 7.4 3 DO (Minimum) 4.0 mg/l 6.3 4 Chloride 600 mg/l 23.99 5 Total Dissolved Solids 1500 mg/ l 134 6 Suspended Solids* $ mg/l 35 7 Oil & Grease 0.1 mg/ l ND 8 BOD (3) days at 27° C 3.0 mg/ l < 3 9 Arsenic as As 0.2 mg/ l < 0.01 10 Lead as Pb 0.1 mg/ l < 0.01 11 Cadmium as Cd 0.01 mg/ l < 0.01 12 Chromium as Cr+6 0.05 mg/ l < 0.05 13 Copper as Cu 1.5 mg/ l < 0.01 14 Zinc as Zn 15 mg/ l 0.36 15 Selenium as Se 0.05 mg/ l < 0.01 16 Cyanide as CN 0.05 mg/ l < 0.02 17 Fluoride as F 1.5 mg/ l 0.28 18 Sulphates as SO4 400 mg/l 6.5

19 Phenolic Compounds as C6H5OH 0.005 mg/ l < 0.001 20 Iron as Fe 50 mg/ l 0.29 21 Nitrate as NO3 50 mg/l 7.1 22 Anionic Detergents 1 mg/l ND MPN/ 23 Total Coliform 5000 320 100 ml B.DL: Below Detectable Limits

CH-III- 54 Chapter 3 – Description of the Environment - Final Report M/s Lal Ferro Alloys Co. (P) Ltd, Vill- Biswasdih, Giridih, Jharkhand Induction Furnace (18000 TPA), Pig Iron (12000 TPA), Hard Coke (15000 TPA)

TABLE: 3 – 18 (F) SURFACE WATER QUALI TY M ONI TORING

PROJECT:LAL FERRO ALLOYS CO. PVT LTD SAMPLING POINT:Jaria nala SEASON:WINTER Standards as Per Unit of Analysis Sl.No. Parameters CPCB(DBU- measurement result ‘C’) 1 Colour 300 Hazen CL 2 pH 6.5-8.5 -- 7.1 3 DO (Minimum) 4.0 mg/l 6.2 4 Chloride 600 mg/l 11.99 5 Total Dissolved Solids 1500 mg/ l 152 6 Suspended Solids* $ mg/l 29 7 Oil & Grease 0.1 mg/ l ND 8 BOD (3) days at 27° C 3.0 mg/ l < 3 9 Arsenic as As 0.2 mg/ l < 0.01 10 Lead as Pb 0.1 mg/ l < 0.01 11 Cadmium as Cd 0.01 mg/ l < 0.01 12 Chromium as Cr+6 0.05 mg/ l < 0.05 13 Copper as Cu 1.5 mg/ l < 0.01 14 Zinc as Zn 15 mg/ l 0.28 15 Selenium as Se 0.05 mg/ l < 0.01 16 Cyanide as CN 0.05 mg/ l < 0.02 17 Fluoride as F 1.5 mg/ l 0.19 18 Sulphates as SO4 400 mg/l 8.1

19 Phenolic Compounds as C6H5OH 0.005 mg/ l < 0.001 20 Iron as Fe 50 mg/ l 0.27 21 Nitrate as NO3 50 mg/l 5.9 22 Anionic Detergents 1 mg/l ND MPN/ 23 Total Coliform 5000 240 100 ml B.DL: Below Detectable Limits

CH-III- 55 Chapter 3 – Description of the Environment - Final Report M/s Lal Ferro Alloys Co. (P) Ltd, Vill- Biswasdih, Giridih, Jharkhand Induction Furnace (18000 TPA), Pig Iron (12000 TPA), Hard Coke (15000 TPA)

TABLE: 3 – 18(G) SURFACE WATER QUALI TY M ONI TORING

PROJECT:LAL FERRO ALLOYS CO. PVT LTD SAMPLING POINT:Giridih nala SEASON:WINTER Standards as Per Unit of Analysis Sl.No. Parameters CPCB(DBU- measurement result ‘C’) 1 Colour 300 Hazen CL 2 pH 6.5-8.5 -- 7.3 3 DO (Minimum) 4.0 mg/l 5.9 4 Chloride 600 mg/l 15.99 5 Total Dissolved Solids 1500 mg/ l 142 6 Suspended Solids* $ mg/l 33 7 Oil & Grease 0.1 mg/ l ND 8 BOD (3) days at 27° C 3.0 mg/ l < 3 9 Arsenic as As 0.2 mg/ l < 0.01 10 Lead as Pb 0.1 mg/ l < 0.01 11 Cadmium as Cd 0.01 mg/ l < 0.01 12 Chromium as Cr+6 0.05 mg/ l < 0.05 13 Copper as Cu 1.5 mg/ l < 0.01 14 Zinc as Zn 15 mg/ l 0.34 15 Selenium as Se 0.05 mg/ l < 0.01 16 Cyanide as CN 0.05 mg/ l < 0.02 17 Fluoride as F 1.5 mg/ l 0.12 18 Sulphates as SO4 400 mg/l 7.2

19 Phenolic Compounds as C6H5OH 0.005 mg/ l < 0.001 20 Iron as Fe 50 mg/ l 0.22 21 Nitrate as NO3 50 mg/l 6.3 22 Anionic Detergents 1 mg/l ND MPN/ 23 Total Coliform 5000 300 100 ml B.DL: Below Detectable Limits

CH-III- 56 Chapter 3 – Description of the Environment - Final Report M/s Lal Ferro Alloys Co. (P) Ltd, Vill- Biswasdih, Giridih, Jharkhand Induction Furnace (18000 TPA), Pig Iron (12000 TPA), Hard Coke (15000 TPA)

TABLE: 3 – 18 (H) SURFACE WATER QUALI TY M ONI TORING

PROJECT : LAL FERRO ALLOYS CO. PVT LTD SAMPLING POINT : Chamarkha nala SEASON :WINTER Standards as Per Unit of Analysis Sl.No. Parameters CPCB(DBU- measurement result ‘C’) 1 Colour 300 Hazen CL 2 pH 6.5-8.5 -- 7.0 3 DO (Minimum) 4.0 mg/l 5.7 4 Chloride 600 mg/l 25.99 5 Total Dissolved Solids 1500 mg/ l 154 6 Suspended Solids* $ mg/l 38 7 Oil & Grease 0.1 mg/ l ND 8 BOD (3) days at 27° C 3.0 mg/ l < 3 9 Arsenic as As 0.2 mg/ l < 0.01 10 Lead as Pb 0.1 mg/ l < 0.01 11 Cadmium as Cd 0.01 mg/ l < 0.01 12 Chromium as Cr+6 0.05 mg/ l < 0.05 13 Copper as Cu 1.5 mg/ l < 0.01 14 Zinc as Zn 15 mg/ l 0.44 15 Selenium as Se 0.05 mg/ l < 0.01 16 Cyanide as CN 0.05 mg/ l < 0.02 17 Fluoride as F 1.5 mg/ l 0.19 18 Sulphates as SO4 400 mg/l 8.5

19 Phenolic Compounds as C6H5OH 0.005 mg/ l < 0.001 20 Iron as Fe 50 mg/ l 0.31 21 Nitrate as NO3 50 mg/l 6.8 22 Anionic Detergents 1 mg/l ND MPN/ 23 Total Coliform 5000 320 100 ml B.DL: Below Detectable Limits

CH-III- 57 Chapter 3 – Description of the Environment - Final Report M/s Lal Ferro Alloys Co. (P) Ltd, Vill- Biswasdih, Giridih, Jharkhand Induction Furnace (18000 TPA), Pig Iron (12000 TPA), Hard Coke (15000 TPA)

TABLE: 3 – 18 (I ) SURFACE WATER QUALI TY M ONI TORING

PROJECT: LAL FERRO ALLOYS CO. PVT LTD. SAMPLING POINT: Udnabad nala SEASON: WINTER Standards as Per Unit of Analysis Sl.No. Parameters CPCB(DBU- measurement result ‘C’) 1 Colour 300 Hazen CL 2 pH 6.5-8.5 -- 7.2 3 DO (Minimum) 4.0 mg/l 6.0 4 Chloride 600 mg/l 12.76 5 Total Dissolved Solids 1500 mg/ l 158 6 Suspended Solids* $ mg/l 42 7 Oil & Grease 0.1 mg/ l ND 8 BOD (3) days at 27° C 3.0 mg/ l < 3 9 Arsenic as As 0.2 mg/ l < 0.01 10 Lead as Pb 0.1 mg/ l < 0.01 11 Cadmium as Cd 0.01 mg/ l < 0.01 12 Chromium as Cr+6 0.05 mg/ l < 0.05 13 Copper as Cu 1.5 mg/ l < 0.01 14 Zinc as Zn 15 mg/ l 0.34 15 Selenium as Se 0.05 mg/ l < 0.01 16 Cyanide as CN 0.05 mg/ l < 0.02 17 Fluoride as F 1.5 mg/ l 0.19 18 Sulphates as SO4 400 mg/l 8.1

19 Phenolic Compounds as C6H5OH 0.005 mg/ l < 0.001 20 Iron as Fe 50 mg/ l 0.32 21 Nitrate as NO3 50 mg/l 4.7 22 Anionic Detergents 1 mg/l ND MPN/ 23 Total Coliform 5000 320 100 ml B.D.L: Below Detectable Limits

CH-III- 58 Chapter 3 – Description of the Environment - Final Report M/s Lal Ferro Alloys Co. (P) Ltd, Vill- Biswasdih, Giridih, Jharkhand Induction Furnace (18000 TPA), Pig Iron (12000 TPA), Hard Coke (15000 TPA)

TABLE: 3 – 18 (J) SURFACE WATER QUALI TY M ONI TORING

PROJECT : LAL FERRO ALLOYS CO. PVT LTD. SAMPLING POINT : Barakar nala SEASON : WINTER Standards as Per Unit of Analysis Sl.No. Parameters CPCB(DBU- measurement result ‘C’) 1 Colour 300 Hazen CL 2 pH 6.5-8.5 -- 7.0 3 DO (Minimum) 4.0 mg/l 6.2 4 Chloride 600 mg/l 12.76 5 Total Dissolved Solids 1500 mg/ l 148 6 Suspended Solids* $ mg/l 37 7 Oil & Grease 0.1 mg/ l ND 8 BOD (3) days at 27° C 3.0 mg/ l < 3 9 Arsenic as As 0.2 mg/ l < 0.01 10 Lead as Pb 0.1 mg/ l < 0.01 11 Cadmium as Cd 0.01 mg/ l < 0.01 12 Chromium as Cr+6 0.05 mg/ l < 0.05 13 Copper as Cu 1.5 mg/ l < 0.01 14 Zinc as Zn 15 mg/ l 0.27 15 Selenium as Se 0.05 mg/ l < 0.01 16 Cyanide as CN 0.05 mg/ l < 0.02 17 Fluoride as F 1.5 mg/ l 0.14 18 Sulphates as SO4 400 mg/l 6.5

19 Phenolic Compounds as C6H5OH 0.005 mg/ l < 0.001 20 Iron as Fe 50 mg/ l 0.22 21 Nitrate as NO3 50 mg/l 5.2 22 Anionic Detergents 1 mg/l ND MPN/ 23 Total Coliform 5000 320 100 ml B.DL: Below Detectable Limits

CH-III- 59 Chapter 3 – Description of the Environment - Final Report M/s Lal Ferro Alloys Co. (P) Ltd, Vill- Biswasdih, Giridih, Jharkhand Induction Furnace (18000 TPA), Pig Iron (12000 TPA), Hard Coke (15000 TPA)

TABLE: 3 – 19 (A) GROUND WATER QUALITY M ONITORING

PROJECT: LAL FERRO ALLOYS CO. PVT LTD SAMPLING POINT: Plant site bore well SEASON: WINTER

Sl. Unit of Standard as Analysis Parameter No measurement per IS: 10500 Result 1 Colour Hazen 5 CL 2 Odour $ U/O U/O 3 Taste $ Agreeable AL 4 Turbidity NTU 5 2.5 5 pH Value $ 6.5-8.5 7.1 6 Total Hardness (as CaCO3) mg/ l 300 118 7 Iron (as Fe) mg/l 0.3 0.17 8 Chloride (as Cl) mg/l 250 31.98 9 Residual, free Chlorine mg/l 0.2 ND 10 Dissolved Solids mg/ l 500 145 11 Calcium (as Ca) mg/l 75 22.44 12 Magnesium (as Mg) mg/ l 30 15.1 13 Copper (as Cu) mg/ l 0.05 < 0.01 14 Manganese (as Mn) mg/ l 0.1 < 0.01 15 Sulphate (as SO4) mg/ l 200 3.2 16 Nitrate (as NO3) mg/l 45 3.6 17 Fluoride (as F) mg/ l 1.0 0.14 Phenolic Compounds (as 18 mg/ l 0.001 < 0.001 C6H5OH) 19 Mercury (as Hg) mg/ l 0.001 < 0.001 20 Cadmium (as Cd) mg/l 0.01 < 0.01 21 Selenium (as Se) mg/ l 0.01 < 0.01 22 Arsenic (as As) mg/ l 0.01 < 0.01 23 Cyanide (as CN) mg/ l 0.05 < 0.02 24 Lead (as Pb) mg/ l 0.05 < 0.01 25 Zinc (as Zn) mg/ l 5 0.28 26 Chromium (as Cr+6) mg/ l 0.05 < 0.05 27 Mineral Oil mg/ l 0.01 ND 28 Alkalinity mg/l 200 20 29 Aluminium as Al mg/ l 0.03 < 0.01 30 Boron mg/l 1 0.19 31 Pesticide mg/l Absent Absent Polynuclear aromatic 32 g/ l - ND hydrocarbons(as PAH) 33 Anionic Detergent mg/l 0.2 ND B.DL: Below Detectable Limits

CH-III- 60 Chapter 3 – Description of the Environment - Final Report M/s Lal Ferro Alloys Co. (P) Ltd, Vill- Biswasdih, Giridih, Jharkhand Induction Furnace (18000 TPA), Pig Iron (12000 TPA), Hard Coke (15000 TPA)

TABLE: 3 – 19 (B) GROUND WATER QUALITY M ONITORING

PROJECT : LAL FERRO ALLOYS CO. PVT LTD SAMPLING POINT : Chunjake SEASON : WINTER Sl. Unit of Standard as Analysis Parameter No measurement per IS: 10500 Result 1 Colour Hazen 5 CL 2 Odour $ U/O U/O 3 Taste $ Agreeable AL 4 Turbidity NTU 5 2.8 5 pH Value $ 6.5-8.5 7.5 6 Total Hardness (as CaCO3) mg/ l 300 108 7 Iron (as Fe) mg/l 0.3 0.12 8 Chloride (as Cl) mg/l 250 49.97 9 Residual, free Chlorine mg/l 0.2 ND 10 Dissolved Solids mg/ l 500 124 11 Calcium (as Ca) mg/l 75 28.8 12 Magnesium (as Mg) mg/ l 30 8.7 13 Copper (as Cu) mg/ l 0.05 < 0.01 14 Manganese (as Mn) mg/ l 0.1 < 0.01 15 Sulphate (as SO4) mg/ l 200 4.1 16 Nitrate (as NO3) mg/l 45 3.2 17 Fluoride (as F) mg/ l 1.0 0.26 Phenolic Compounds (as 18 mg/ l 0.001 < 0.001 C6H5OH) 19 Mercury (as Hg) mg/ l 0.001 < 0.001 20 Cadmium (as Cd) mg/ l 0.01 < 0.01 21 Selenium (as Se) mg/ l 0.01 < 0.01 22 Arsenic (as As) mg/ l 0.01 < 0.01 23 Cyanide (as CN) mg/ l 0.05 < 0.02 24 Lead (as Pb) mg/ l 0.05 < 0.01 25 Zinc (as Zn) mg/ l 5 0.32 26 Chromium (as Cr+6) mg/ l 0.05 < 0.05 27 Mineral Oil mg/ l 0.01 ND 28 Alkalinity mg/l 200 16 29 Aluminium as Al mg/ l 0.03 < 0.01 30 Boron mg/ l 1 0.21 31 Pesticide mg/l Absent Absent Polynuclear aromatic 32 g/ l - ND hydrocarbons(as PAH) 33 Anionic Detergent mg/l 0.2 ND B.DL: Below Detectable Limits

CH-III- 61 Chapter 3 – Description of the Environment - Final Report M/s Lal Ferro Alloys Co. (P) Ltd, Vill- Biswasdih, Giridih, Jharkhand Induction Furnace (18000 TPA), Pig Iron (12000 TPA), Hard Coke (15000 TPA)

TABLE: 3 – 19 (C) GROUND WATER QUALITY M ONITORING

PROJECT: LAL FERRO ALLOYS CO. PVT LTD SAMPLING POINT: Burhiyadihtola SEASON: WINTER Sl. Unit of Standard as Analysis Parameter No measurement per IS: 10500 Result 1 Colour Hazen 5 CL 2 Odour $ U/O U/O 3 Taste $ Agreeable AL 4 Turbidity NTU 5 2.8 5 pH Value $ 6.5-8.5 7.1 6 Total Hardness (as CaCO3) mg/ l 300 112 7 Iron (as Fe) mg/l 0.3 0.11 8 Chloride (as Cl) mg/l 250 31.98 9 Residual, free Chlorine mg/l 0.2 ND 10 Dissolved Solids mg/ l 500 154 11 Calcium (as Ca) mg/l 75 23.2 12 Magnesium (as Mg) mg/ l 30 13.15 13 Copper (as Cu) mg/ l 0.05 < 0.01 14 Manganese (as Mn) mg/ l 0.1 < 0.01 15 Sulphate (as SO4) mg/ l 200 4.8 16 Nitrate (as NO3) mg/l 45 2.1 17 Fluoride (as F) mg/ l 1.0 0.28 Phenolic Compounds (as 18 mg/ l 0.001 < 0.001 C6H5OH) 19 Mercury (as Hg) mg/ l 0.001 < 0.001 20 Cadmium (as Cd) mg/ l 0.01 < 0.01 21 Selenium (as Se) mg/ l 0.01 < 0.01 22 Arsenic (as As) mg/ l 0.01 < 0.01 23 Cyanide (as CN) mg/ l 0.05 < 0.02 24 Lead (as Pb) mg/ l 0.05 < 0.01 25 Zinc (as Zn) mg/ l 5 0.24 26 Chromium (as Cr+6) mg/ l 0.05 < 0.05 27 Mineral Oil mg/ l 0.01 ND 28 Alkalinity mg/l 200 20 29 Aluminium as Al mg/ l 0.03 < 0.01 30 Boron mg/ l 1 0.17 31 Pesticide mg/l Absent Absent Polynuclear aromatic 32 g/ l - ND hydrocarbons(as PAH) 33 Anionic Detergent mg/l 0.2 ND BDL: Below Detectable Limits,

CH-III- 62 Chapter 3 – Description of the Environment - Final Report M/s Lal Ferro Alloys Co. (P) Ltd, Vill- Biswasdih, Giridih, Jharkhand Induction Furnace (18000 TPA), Pig Iron (12000 TPA), Hard Coke (15000 TPA)

TABLE: 3 – 19 (D) GROUND WATER QUALITY M ONITORING

PROJECT : LAL FERRO ALLOYS CO. PVT LTD SAMPLING POINT : Giridih SEASON : WINTER Sl. Unit of Standard as Analysis Parameter No measurement per IS: 10500 Result 1 Colour Hazen 5 CL 2 Odour $ U/O U/O 3 Taste $ Agreeable AL 4 Turbidity NTU 5 3.1 5 pH Value $ 6.5-8.5 7.3 6 Total Hardness (as CaCO3) mg/ l 300 102 7 Iron (as Fe) mg/l 0.3 0.09 8 Chloride (as Cl) mg/l 250 35.98 9 Residual, free Chlorine mg/l 0.2 ND 10 Dissolved Solids mg/ l 500 142 11 Calcium (as Ca) mg/ l 75 20.04 12 Magnesium (as Mg) mg/ l 30 12.6 13 Copper (as Cu) mg/ l 0.05 < 0.01 14 Manganese (as Mn) mg/ l 0.1 < 0.01 15 Sulphate (as SO4) mg/ l 200 4.5 16 Nitrate (as NO3) mg/l 45 3.5 17 Fluoride (as F) mg/ l 1.0 0.26 Phenolic Compounds (as 18 mg/ l 0.001 < 0.001 C6H5OH) 19 Mercury (as Hg) mg/ l 0.001 < 0.001 20 Cadmium (as Cd) mg/ l 0.01 < 0.01 21 Selenium (as Se) mg/ l 0.01 < 0.01 22 Arsenic (as As) mg/ l 0.01 < 0.01 23 Cyanide (as CN) mg/ l 0.05 < 0.02 24 Lead (as Pb) mg/ l 0.05 < 0.01 25 Zinc (as Zn) mg/ l 5 0.31 26 Chromium (as Cr+6) mg/ l 0.05 < 0.05 27 Mineral Oil mg/ l 0.01 ND 28 Alkalinity mg/l 200 24 29 Aluminium as Al mg/ l 0.03 < 0.01 30 Boron mg/ l 1 0.12 31 Pesticide mg/l Absent Absent Polynuclear aromatic 32 g/ l - ND hydrocarbons(as PAH) 33 Anionic Detergent mg/l 0.2 ND BDL: Below Detectable Limits, ND: Not Detectable

CH-III- 63 Chapter 3 – Description of the Environment - Final Report M/s Lal Ferro Alloys Co. (P) Ltd, Vill- Biswasdih, Giridih, Jharkhand Induction Furnace (18000 TPA), Pig Iron (12000 TPA), Hard Coke (15000 TPA)

TABLE: 3 – 19 (E) GROUND WATER QUALITY M ONITORING

PROJECT : LAL FERRO ALLOYS CO. PVT LTD. SAMPLING POINT : Chamarkha SEASON : WINTER Unit of Standard as Analysis Sl.No Parameter measurement per IS: 10500 Result 1 Colour Hazen 5 CL 2 Odour $ U/O U/O 3 Taste $ Agreeable AL 4 Turbidity NTU 5 1.5 5 pH Value $ 6.5-8.5 7.3 6 Total Hardness (as CaCO3) mg/ l 300 98 7 Iron (as Fe) mg/ l 0.3 0.14 8 Chloride (as Cl) mg/l 250 29.98 9 Residual, free Chlorine mg/l 0.2 ND 10 Dissolved Solids mg/ l 500 149 11 Calcium (as Ca) mg/ l 75 24.8 12 Magnesium (as Mg) mg/ l 30 8.8 13 Copper (as Cu) mg/ l 0.05 < 0.01 14 Manganese (as Mn) mg/ l 0.1 < 0.01 15 Sulphate (as SO4) mg/ l 200 6.5 16 Nitrate (as NO3) mg/l 45 3.9 17 Fluoride (as F) mg/ l 1.0 0.29 Phenolic Compounds (as 18 mg/ l 0.001 < 0.001 C6H5OH) 19 Mercury (as Hg) mg/ l 0.001 < 0.001 20 Cadmium (as Cd) mg/ l 0.01 < 0.01 21 Selenium (as Se) mg/ l 0.01 < 0.01 22 Arsenic (as As) mg/ l 0.01 < 0.01 23 Cyanide (as CN) mg/ l 0.05 < 0.02 24 Lead (as Pb) mg/ l 0.05 < 0.01 25 Zinc (as Zn) mg/ l 5 0.27 26 Chromium (as Cr+6) mg/ l 0.05 < 0.05 27 Mineral Oil mg/l 0.01 ND 28 Alkalinity mg/l 200 36 29 Aluminium as Al mg/ l 0.03 < 0.01 30 Boron mg/l 1 0.19 31 Pesticide mg/l Absent Absent Polynuclear aromatic 32 g/ l - ND hydrocarbons(as PAH) 33 Anionic Detergent mg/l 0.2 ND B.DL: Below Detectable Limits

CH-III- 64 Chapter 3 – Description of the Environment - Final Report M/s Lal Ferro Alloys Co. (P) Ltd, Vill- Biswasdih, Giridih, Jharkhand Induction Furnace (18000 TPA), Pig Iron (12000 TPA), Hard Coke (15000 TPA)

TABLE: 3 – 19 (F) GROUND WATER QUALITY M ONITORING

PROJECT : LAL FERRO ALLOYS CO. PVT LTD SAMPLING POINT : Udnabad SEASON : WINTER Sl. Unit of Standard as Analysis Parameter No measurement per IS: 10500 Result 1 Colour Hazen 5 CL 2 Odour $ U/O U/O 3 Taste $ Agreeable AL 4 Turbidity NTU 5 2.1 5 pH Value $ 6.5-8.5 7.2 6 Total Hardness (as CaCO3) mg/ l 300 70 7 Iron (as Fe) mg/l 0.3 0.16 8 Chloride (as Cl) mg/l 250 35.98 9 Residual, free Chlorine mg/l 0.2 ND 10 Dissolved Solids mg/ l 500 153 11 Calcium (as Ca) mg/ l 75 18.43 12 Magnesium (as Mg) mg/ l 30 5.8 13 Copper (as Cu) mg/ l 0.05 < 0.01 14 Manganese (as Mn) mg/ l 0.1 < 0.01 15 Sulphate (as SO4) mg/ l 200 5.2 16 Nitrate (as NO3) mg/l 45 3.9 17 Fluoride (as F) mg/ l 1.0 0.24 Phenolic Compounds (as 18 mg/ l 0.001 < 0.001 C6H5OH) 19 Mercury (as Hg) mg/ l 0.001 < 0.001 20 Cadmium (as Cd) mg/ l 0.01 < 0.01 21 Selenium (as Se) mg/ l 0.01 < 0.01 22 Arsenic (as As) mg/ l 0.01 < 0.01 23 Cyanide (as CN) mg/ l 0.05 < 0.02 24 Lead (as Pb) mg/ l 0.05 < 0.01 25 Zinc (as Zn) mg/ l 5 0.21 26 Chromium (as Cr+6) mg/ l 0.05 < 0.05 27 Mineral Oil mg/ l 0.01 ND 28 Alkalinity mg/l 200 16 29 Aluminium as Al mg/ l 0.03 < 0.01 30 Boron mg/ l 1 0.24 31 Pesticide mg/l Absent Absent Polynuclear aromatic 32 g/ l - ND hydrocarbons(as PAH) 33 Anionic Detergent mg/l 0.2 ND B.DL: Below Detectable Limits

CH-III- 65 Chapter 3 – Description of the Environment - Final Report M/s Lal Ferro Alloys Co. (P) Ltd, Vill- Biswasdih, Giridih, Jharkhand Induction Furnace (18000 TPA), Pig Iron (12000 TPA), Hard Coke (15000 TPA)

TABLE: 3 – 19 (G) GROUND WATER QUALITY M ONITORING

PROJECT : LAL FERRO ALLOYS CO. PVT LTD SAMPLING POINT : Tirukdiha SEASON : WINTER Sl. Unit of Standard as Analysis Parameter No measurement per IS: 10500 Result 1 Colour Hazen 5 CL 2 Odour $ U/O U/O 3 Taste $ Agreeable AL 4 Turbidity NTU 5 2.4 5 pH Value $ 6.5-8.5 7.1 6 Total Hardness (as CaCO3) mg/ l 300 72 7 Iron (as Fe) mg/l 0.3 0.15 8 Chloride (as Cl) mg/l 250 31.98 9 Residual, free Chlorine mg/l 0.2 ND 10 Dissolved Solids mg/ l 500 162 11 Calcium (as Ca) mg/ l 75 23.24 12 Magnesium (as Mg) mg/ l 30 3.4 13 Copper (as Cu) mg/ l 0.05 < 0.01 14 Manganese (as Mn) mg/ l 0.1 < 0.01 15 Sulphate (as SO4) mg/ l 200 4.3 16 Nitrate (as NO3) mg/l 45 4.2 17 Fluoride (as F) mg/ l 1.0 0.21 Phenolic Compounds (as 18 mg/ l 0.001 < 0.001 C6H5OH) 19 Mercury (as Hg) mg/ l 0.001 < 0.001 20 Cadmium (as Cd) mg/ l 0.01 < 0.01 21 Selenium (as Se) mg/ l 0.01 < 0.01 22 Arsenic (as As) mg/ l 0.01 < 0.01 23 Cyanide (as CN) mg/ l 0.05 < 0.02 24 Lead (as Pb) mg/ l 0.05 < 0.01 25 Zinc (as Zn) mg/ l 5 0.25 26 Chromium (as Cr+6) mg/ l 0.05 < 0.05 27 Mineral Oil mg/ l 0.01 ND 28 Alkalinity mg/l 200 12 29 Aluminium as Al mg/ l 0.03 < 0.01 30 Boron mg/ l 1 0.29 31 Pesticide mg/l Absent Absent Polynuclear aromatic 32 g/ l - ND hydrocarbons(as PAH) 33 Anionic Detergent mg/l 0.2 ND B.DL: Below Detectable Limits

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TABLE: 3 – 19 (H) GROUND WATER QUALITY M ONITORING

PROJECT : LAL FERRO ALLOYS CO. PVT LTD. SAMPLING POIN : Biswasdih SEASON : WINTER Sl. Unit of Standard as Analysis Parameter No measurement per IS: 10500 Result 1 Colour Hazen 5 CL 2 Odour $ U/O U/O 3 Taste $ Agreeable AL 4 Turbidity NTU 5 2.8 5 pH Value $ 6.5-8.5 7.4 6 Total Hardness (as CaCO3) mg/ l 300 78 7 Iron (as Fe) mg/l 0.3 0.21 8 Chloride (as Cl) mg/l 250 33.98 9 Residual, free Chlorine mg/l 0.2 ND 10 Dissolved Solids mg/ l 500 142 11 Calcium (as Ca) mg/ l 75 25.65 12 Magnesium (as Mg) mg/ l 30 3.4 . Copper (as Cu) mg/l 0.05 < 0.01 14 Manganese (as Mn) mg/ l 0.1 < 0.01 15 Sulphate (as SO4) mg/ l 200 5.4 16 Nitrate (as NO3) mg/l 45 4.8 17 Fluoride (as F) mg/ l 1.0 0.26 Phenolic Compounds (as 18 mg/ l 0.001 < 0.001 C6H5OH) 19 Mercury (as Hg) mg/ l 0.001 < 0.001 20 Cadmium (as Cd) mg/ l 0.01 < 0.01 21 Selenium (as Se) mg/ l 0.01 < 0.01 22 Arsenic (as As) mg/ l 0.01 < 0.01 23 Cyanide (as CN) mg/ l 0.05 < 0.02 24 Lead (as Pb) mg/ l 0.05 < 0.01 25 Zinc (as Zn) mg/ l 5 0.24 26 Chromium (as Cr+6) mg/ l 0.05 < 0.05 27 Mineral Oil mg/ l 0.01 ND 28 Alkalinity mg/l 200 20 29 Aluminium as Al mg/ l 0.03 < 0.01 30 Boron mg/ l 1 0.35 31 Pesticide mg/l Absent Absent Polynuclear aromatic 32 g/ l - ND hydrocarbons(as PAH) 33 Anionic Detergent mg/l 0.2 ND B.DL: Below Detectable Limits

CH-III- 67 Chapter 3 – Description of the Environment - Final Report M/s Lal Ferro Alloys Co. (P) Ltd, Vill- Biswasdih, Giridih, Jharkhand Induction Furnace (18000 TPA), Pig Iron (12000 TPA), Hard Coke (15000 TPA)

TABLE: 3 – 20 SOIL QUALITY M ONITORING

PROJEC : LAL FERRO ALLOYS CO. PVT LTD LOCATION : CORE & BUFFER OF STUDY AREA SEASON : WINTER SL Parameters Site Tirukdiha Burhiyadihtola Giridih Chunjake Biswasdih No 1 Colour Brownish Brownish Yellowish Brownish Brownish Brownish EC 2 817.645 697.215 907.585 845.024 1041.709 1007.339 (umhos/ cm) 3 pH 6.74 6.84 7.16 7.49 7.33 6.66 4 Soil Texture Clayey Clayey Clayey Clayey Clayey Clayey Magnesium 5 0.085 0.004 0.095 0.004 0.003 0.105 (%) Chloride 6 0.012 0.006 0.013 0.008 0.013 0.015 (%) Calcium as 7 0.135 0.055 0.151 0.067 0.338 0.167 CaCO3 (%) Organic 8 0.361 0.352 0.401 0.426 0.255 0.637 Matter (%) Nitrogen as 9 0.001 0.004 0.002 0.004 0.014 0.022 N % Phosphorus 10 0.003 0.003 0.003 0.003 0.005 0.011 as P % Sodium as 11 0.059 0.005 0.066 0.006 0.043 0.085 Na % Potassium 12 0.061 0.005 0.068 0.006 0.026 0.103 as K % 13 Sulphate % 0.003 0.002 0.003 0.003 0.008 0.006 14 Iron % 0.184 0.146 0.152 0.143 0.137 0.183

CH-III- 68 Chapter 4 – Anticipated Environmental Impacts & Mitigation - Final Report M/s Lal Ferro Alloys Co. (P) Ltd, Vill- Biswasdih, Giridih, Jharkhand Induction Furnace (18000 TPA), Pig Iron (12000 TPA), Hard Coke (15000 TPA)

CHAPTER – 4 ANTICIPATED ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS & MITIGATION

4.0 INTRODUCTION The objective of this study is to identify the likely impact on the environment in the study area, which can arise due to the proposed project activities. Based on the present environmental scenario an exercise was done to identity and evaluate the impact on the environment by the proposed modernization activity, covering the core and buffer zone around the site.

4.1 ENVIRONM ENTAL IM PACTS DUE TO PROJECT LOCATION An impact due to project location is envisaged as it is situated at a close distance from human habitation, namely Bhoradiha and Biswasdih village.

There will be some localized impact on land use which will change permanently from rural barren to industrial. The plant will be situated in fallow land. Total land required – 11.75 Acres.

Impact on air quality is also envisaged. As there are other major industrial units in the immediate vicinity, there may be build up of pollutants in the area.

Marginal positive impact on socio-economic environment is foreseen due to direct and indirect employment, opportunity of business and social welfare taken up by the company. The mostly rural population may see development of educational, medical and infrastructural facilities.

4.2 ENVIRONM ENTAL IM PACTS DUE TO POSSIBLE ACCIDENTS Industrial process & activities inherently pose hazards. There may be possible hazards to human beings, flora-fauna and all forms of property and the environment as a whole. Extreme care is essential in handling all of them in various stages of manufacture viz. processing, treatment etc. The Management aims at full

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preparedness to meet effectively the eventualities resulting from any unfortunate occurrence of chemical / fuel hazards / accidents.

Probable accident hazards at Plant Site (1) Fire and explosion Hazard: (a) In fuel storage and generator room (b) In furnace areas (c) In laboratory and other raw material storage areas

(2) Hazard due to collapse of building, heavy structure of plant machineries: (a) Of structures of sheds and conveyor system (b) Of storage vessels (c) Of buildings etc.

(3) Accident hazards: (a) Due to movement of vehicles (b) Due to working at heights (c) Due to working at high temperature (d) Due to negligence of worker

It is evident that there will be negligible impact on environment even after accidents, as there will be no generation or emission of toxic material/ gases. The management will take due care to minimize chances of accident. Onsite and Offsite disaster management plan will be prepared and all safety rules followed.

Seismic Hazard and earthquake According to GSHAP data, the state of Jharkhand falls in a region of low to high seismic hazard. As per the 2002 Bureau of Indian Standards (BIS) map, this state also falls in Zones II, III & IV. Historically, parts of this state have experienced seismic activity in the M 5.0 range. Approximate locations of selected towns and basic political state boundaries are displayed The primary goal of GSHAP was to create a global seismic hazard map in a harmonized and regionally coordinated fashion, based on advanced methods in probabilistic seismic hazard assessments. Available databases and information has

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been utilized by the ASC to generate the following maps using the freely available Generic Mapping Tools (GMT) software.

4.3 ENVIRONM ENTAL IM PACTS DUE TO PROJECT DESIGN The project is a Greenfield industrial project with proposed material flow as iron ore, coke and other raw material to pig iron and installed capacity of 12000 TPA, hard coke 15000 TPA and Induction furnace of 18000 TPA.

Pig Iron is reduced molten metallic form obtained from processing of Iron Ore. It is the basic raw-material for manufacture of steel, grey iron casting; malleable iron and special grade iron castings. The present technology of producing Hot Metal/ Pig Iron through Mini Blast Furnace is relatively new to India but is very successful in countries like China and Brazil. Mini Blast Furnace route using Coke as fuel is a proven and accepted technology world wide. The proposed Blast Furnace would use

CH-IV- 3 Chapter 4 – Anticipated Environmental Impacts & Mitigation - Final Report M/s Lal Ferro Alloys Co. (P) Ltd, Vill- Biswasdih, Giridih, Jharkhand Induction Furnace (18000 TPA), Pig Iron (12000 TPA), Hard Coke (15000 TPA)

regenerative type stoves for preheating the blast air to and would operate with high top pressure by throttling the exhaust gases.

Other units of the plant are also proven technology for low emissions and proper handling. Non-recovery type hard coke ovens burn the volatile matter generated in carbonization of the coal. Induction furnace with electrical heating is a low emission process for steel making.

Air pollution is generated as fugitive emissions in charging area and material handling areas and as stack emissions from the MBF, Coke Oven and Induction Furnace. The nature of the raw materials, result in significant quantities of particulate emission which are above permissible standards if no mitigative measures are taken and thus need to be controlled. Project will incorporate all the air pollution control measures for the main units and other section to use the cleaned flue gas for heating the air blast required for the furnace operation. Ambient air quality is moderate affected due to stack and fugitive emissions.

Water pollution is not a threat in such plants as water is used only for cooling purpose which is recycled or evaporated. No effluent generation is envisaged. Make up water is needed which can be procured from various sources, for this plant it will procured from Sub-soil sources.

Solid waste is generated in significant quantities from the process in the form of Slag and scales. The main constituent of BF slag is a fine input in cement plants. Granulated MBF Slag has a market value and can be sold. Induction furnace slag can be used for road making after recovery of metals. Noise quality is a concern in certain areas of the plant which may be kept under control by various measures.

4.4 ENVIRONM ENTAL IM PACTS DUE TO PROJECT CONSTRUCTI ON During the construction phase, ambient air quality is likely to be degraded by dust generated from the vehicular movement and handling of building material. There will be dust generation due to digging, piling and other earth work. Increase in baseline noise level of site is envisaged due to operation of heavy machinery, compressors, piling etc. But the impact will be for short duration. However, care will be taken to reduce generation and propagation of dust by water spraying and

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development of green belt which will be taken up simultaneously with construction. Noise will be controlled by using machineries of appropriate capacities and condition. Silencers will be used wherever possible.

All the above mentioned paragraphs points to appreciable impact on air quality and marginal impact on noise level of core zone during construction of the project though the impact will be for limited duration. However the impact is not likely to have any noticeable impact on the baseline air quality of buffer zone both during construction and operation phase.

4.5 ENVIRONM ENTAL IM PACTS DUE TO REGULAR OPERATIONS The ambient air quality will be affected, due to fugitive and stack emission from the proposed plant. The emission will be significant in the absence of any controlling device. Handling of solid waste will also be an important task for the unit. Water will be used in closed loop circuit and only make up water will be required. There will be no generation of effluent due to process; hence affect on water quality will be negligible. Assessment of pollution potential The ambient air quality will be affected, due to emission from fugitive and stacks of the proposed plant. The emission will be significant in the absence of any controlling device. Handling of solid waste will also be a challenge for the unit. Water will be used in closed loop circuit and only make up water will be required. There will be no generation of effluent due to process; hence affect on water quality will be negligible. TABLE: 4 – 01

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Melting of Raw Air Pollution Production material, Chemical Fume & Dust Air Pollution Control Process Reaction in system Furnace/ ovens. Molten Metal Solid Waste Disposal And Product Discharge, Slag Air Pollution in form of Sale of Solid Processing Discharge and Hard Land pollution Slag Waste Coke Discharge Covering of Sizing, Storage, Trucks, Product Loading & Dust Air Pollution dumpers and handling Transporting of water Product Suppression

4.6 Ambient Air Quality Modeling 1. Framework For study and prediction of dispersion of air emission Gaussian Dispersion Modeling is used for the computation of GLC up to a distance of 10 Km from source. The ‘Gaussian Dispersion Model’ was the fundamental frame work of the computer generated models used for the computations of ground level concentration (GLC) of the pollutants. The basic model based on Gaussian dispersion for computing the pollutant concentration for any point with location co-ordinates X, Y and Z (in meters) with respect to the base of a single point source of effective stack height H (m) above the base and emission rate Q is given by --- Q C (X, Y, Z : H) = exp[-1/ 2(y/ σy)2] + [exp{-1/ 2(Z-H/ σz)2} ] + exp[- 2yzU 1/2(y/ σy)2] Where, Q = Emission Rate (μg/m3) U = Wind speed at Stack (m/ sec) in X direction (down wind direction) σy = Dispersion coefficient in Y (cross wind or lateral) direction at a distance X in m σz = Dispersion coefficient in Z (vertical) direction on at a distance X in m H = Effective height of Stack (Physical height +Plume rise) in m.

σy and σz are dependent upon the atmospheric condition having different values under different stability class (A to F). When the concentrations are

CH-IV- 6 Chapter 4 – Anticipated Environmental Impacts & Mitigation - Final Report M/s Lal Ferro Alloys Co. (P) Ltd, Vill- Biswasdih, Giridih, Jharkhand Induction Furnace (18000 TPA), Pig Iron (12000 TPA), Hard Coke (15000 TPA)

calculated at ground level i.e. Z = O and along the centre line of the plume (Y=0) the Gaussian equation reduces to: Q C (X, O, O : H) = exp [-1/ 2 (H/ σz)2] yzU 2. Software Platform Prediction of Ground Level Concentrations (GLC’s) due to proposed activity has been conducted by using AEROMOD ver-7.1.0. This is recommended by CPCB and is an advanced new-generation model developed by the U.S. EPA. It is designed to predict pollutant concentrations from continuous point, area, open pit, and volume sources. This versatile model is the also preferred by the U.S. EPA. Fig: 4 – 01 Data flow in the AERM OD modeling system

3. M odel Options and Input Data The following options and inputs were used in the modeling exercise: Control Options: The Control Options form for entering titles, selecting elevated terrain and flagpole receptor options, pollutant type and decay coefficient, dispersion options, and for specifying multiple pollutants.

UTM Zone: 45; Northern Hemisphere

Source Options: The Source Options form for entering source groups, emission units, concentration units, deposition units, keyword commands, and other source data to the model. The details of with and without emissions data is given in Table… below:

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TABLE: 4 – 02 Details of Emission (With APC) Stack Connected to I nduction Parameters M BF Bag-filter Hard Coke Furnace (Proposed) No of Stack 1 1 1 Height from GL 30 m 35 m 30 m Duct Diameter 1.00 m 1.75 m 1.20 m Exit Temp. 120 0C 110 0C 105 0C Exit Velocity 8.5 m/ s 6.0 m/ s 13.64 m/ s PM (gm/ Sec.) 0.1518 0.5611 1.8233 SO2 (gm/Sec.) 1.0119 8.9785 --- NOx (gm/Sec.) 0.7589 5.6115 ---

M eteorology Options: The Meteorology Options form for entering meteorological file name, data period, wind speed category and direction, wind profile exponents and vertical temperature gradients, and other meteorological data to the model.

For the present study following data was used based on observations recorded at the Station

Year; Month (1 - 12); Day (1 -31); Julian day (1 - 366); Hour (1 - 24)

 Mixing Height (m) and Stability Class  Wind speed (ms-1) and Wind direction (degrees)  Temperature (K); Precipitation amount (mm) and Relative humidity (%)

Table: 4 – 03 - Stability Class

Dispersion parameters σy and σz for open country conditions (Briggs, 1974) are used as the project is located on a flat terrain in a rural area. Atmospheric dispersion

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coefficients vary with downwind distance (x) from emission sources for different atmospheric stability conditions. (CPCB – PROBES/70/ 1997-98).

Table: 4 – 04 - Stability Class of Rural Condition

As site specific mixing heights were not available, mixing heights based on CPCB publication, “ SPATIAL DISTRIBUTION OF HOURLY MIXING DEPTH OVER INDIAN REGION” , PROBES/88/ 2002-03 has been considered for AERMOD model to establish the worst case scenario.

Table: 4 – 05: Mixing Height HOURS MIXING HEIGHT 07:00 40-80 08:00 80-120 09:00 200-250 10:00 350-450 11:00 500-600 12:00 700-750 13:00 800-900 14:00 900-1000 15:00 1000-1150 16:00 900-1050 17:00 800-850 18:00 550-650 19:00 350-450

Receptor Options: Displays the Receptor Options form for entering options specific to receptors. For following study:

 A Uniform Cartesian Gridded Network Receptor of GRID size: 1km x 1km  Total receptor in 10 km study radius: 449 nos.  Discrete Receptors at AQM locations: 8 nos.

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Figure 4-02 (A) I sopleth of PM for the proposed project

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Figure 4-02 (B)

I sopleth of SO2 for the proposed project

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Figure 4-02 (C)

I sopleth of NOx for the proposed project

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A general inference can be drawn that the computed GLCs are less. The GLC after implementation of the proposed project are also within the CPCB prescribed standard, which is mentioned in the following Table. Such locations will be only partly influenced by the proposed plant operational activities under consideration.

Table No. 4.6 Resultant Concentration after Implementation of the Project

3 3 3 PM 10 in µg/ m (Norm: SO2 in µg/ m (Norm: NOx in µg/ m (Norm: Location 100 µg/ m3) 80 µg/ m3) 80 µg/ m3) Locations ID GLC INCR RESULT GLC INCR RESULT GLC INCR RESULT

A1 Project Site 68.6 0.8669 69.4669 12.5 0.4913 12.9913 23.4 0.3541 23.7541

A2 Koiradih 61.4 0.2439 61.6439 10.1 0.8453 10.9453 18.8 0.5499 19.3499

A3 Gamharitanr 56.2 0.0142 56.2142 9.3 0.0589 9.3589 16.7 0.0377 16.7377

A4 Majhiladih 62.8 0.3967 63.1967 10.2 1.4352 11.6352 18.0 0.9239 18.9239

A5 Barhagori 54.8 0.2720 55.0720 8.4 1.0103 9.4103 17.4 0.6571 18.0571

A6 Purnanagar 47.3 0.0805 47.3805 7.6 0.3733 7.9733 15.5 0.2388 15.7388

A7 Chunjaka 52.3 0.0193 52.3193 8.8 0.0691 8.8691 16.7 0.0445 16.7445

A8 Giridih 68.2 0.0137 68.2137 11.2 0.0583 11.2583 28.1 0.0373 28.1373

Ground Water Quality M odeling

Groundwater models are computer models of groundwater flow systems, and are used by hydrogeologists. Groundwater models are used to simulate and predict aquifer conditions. Groundwater model are a scale model or an electric model of a GW situation or aquifer. Usually, however, a groundwater model is meant to be a (computer) program for the calculation of groundwater flow and level.

I nputs  hydrological inputs,  operational inputs,  external conditions: initial and boundary conditions,  (hydraulic) parameters.

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The model may have chemical components like water salinity, soil salinity and other quality indicators of water and soil, for which inputs may also be needed.

Hydrological inputs

The hydrological inputs may consist of hydrological data like rainfall, evapotranspiration and surface runoff, which determine the recharge. These inputs may vary both from time to time and from place to place.

Operational inputs

The operational inputs concern human interferences with the water management like irrigation, drainage, pumping from wells, watertable control, and the operation of retention or infiltration basins etc. These inputs may also vary in time and space. Many groundwater models are made for the purpose of assessing the effects hydraulic engineering measures.

Boundary and initial conditions

Boundary conditions can be related to levels of the water table, artesian pressures, and hydraulic head along the boundaries of the model on the one hand (the head conditions), or to groundwater inflows and outflows along the boundaries of the model on the other hand (the flow conditions). The may also include quality aspects of the water like salinity.

1. Software Framework The BIOPLUME III program is a two-dimensional, finite difference model for simulating the natural attenuation of organic contaminants in ground water due to the processes of advection, dispersion, sorption, and biodegradation. The model simulates the biodegradation of organic contaminants using a number of aerobic and anaerobic electron acceptors: oxygen, nitrate, iron (III), sulfate, and carbon dioxide.

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M ethodology Fig: 4 – 03 Stepwise modeling of groundwater pollutant flow

Output of Groundwater modeling Boundary Area: 6500 ft x 6500 ft : CORE AREA Transport Type: LINEAR ISOTHERM Flow: STEADY STATE; Time period: up to 10 years The modeling result output is visualized in the Figure below:

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No significant plume concentration is resulted as observed from modeling data

CH-IV- 16 Chapter 4 – Anticipated Environmental Impacts & Mitigation - Final Report M/s Lal Ferro Alloys Co. (P) Ltd, Vill- Biswasdih, Giridih, Jharkhand Induction Furnace (18000 TPA), Pig Iron (12000 TPA), Hard Coke (15000 TPA)

4.7 IMPACT DUE TO VEHICULAR M OVEMENT/ TRANSPOTATION

After implementation of proposed plant, there will be an increase in traffic flow on State Highway due to movement of trucks/ vehicles carrying finished products of proposed plant. The extent of these impacts will depend on

1. The rate of vehicular emission within a given stretch of the road

2. The prevailing meteorological conditions, including wind direction and speed.

The traffic volumes and emissions as obtained by conducting a traffic volume study at SH. The hourly counted values are given as:

Avg. CO Emission NOx Emission SL Category Number/ hr Load Load 1 Heavy Vehicles 166 1504.47 gm/ km 2674.77 gm/ km Medium 3 102 116.96 gm/ km 41.71gm/ km Vehicles 4 Light vehicles 78 136.00gm/km 48.50 gm/km

6 Two Wheelers 43 264.00 gm/ km 99.00 gm/ km

Emission Factors The emission standards for Indian vehicles as proposed by The Automotive Research Association of India 2007, Air Quality Monitoring Project-Indian Clean Air Programme (ICAP) Draft report on “ Emission Factor development for Indian Vehicles “ as a part of Ambient Air Quality Monitoring and Emission Source Apportionment Studies.

The increase in Vehicles per hour would be - Heavy Vehicles like Trucks: 1 - 2; Light Vehicles: 1 – 2 and about 3 - 4 Two wheelers. This will add Non-significant to the existing emission load of the plant vicinity. The emission load can be estimated by using the Emission Factors as given below in Table.

Emission Factor for Indian vehicles

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All values in gm/km/vehicle

I M PACT DUE TO TRANSPOTATI ON: Due to transportation of raw materials and product fugitive emission will be increased that will be minimised by covering of all raw materials loaded trucks and vehicles by tarpaulin. Slag will be transported in wetted condition; dust from APC will be packed in gunny bags and transported to outside the plant.

Overall the affect on the ambient air quality can be termed as appreciable Negative Impact due to proposed project.

4.8 ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS DUE TO FINAL DECOMMISSIONING AND/ OR REHABILITATION There is no human habitation or structure, etc. in the proposed plant site. Hence no rehabilitation or decommissioning is required.

The plant life is continuous as Steel sector plants have a prospective future. No decommissioning is envisaged in near future as the plant will be set up only after obtaining all the relevant clearances from the respective authorities. On the other hand further growth is foreseen with addition of other products and plants towards forward integration to manufacturing other consumer items.

4.9 MEASURES FOR MINIMIZING AND/ OR OFFSETTING ADVERSE I M PACTS IDENTIFIED: The following measures for minimizing adverse impact on the environment have been incorporated

 Fume extraction system will be installed for extraction of fumes and dust from all material handling points.

 Adequately designed Bag House Filter will be installed for Pig iron plant and induction furnace to achieve the prescribed stack emission standards.

 Adequately designed Multi Stage Scrubber will be installed for Hard Coke Plant.

 All de-dusting units will be connected to a stack of height 30 m. Particulate matter emission will be maintained below 100 mg/ Nm3.

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 Interlocking facility will be provided to ensure stoppage of plant if the pollution control system is not in operation.

 The fugitive emissions of suspended particulate matter will be maintained below 2000 µg/ m3 at a distance of 10 m from the sources.

 The on site & off-site emergency plan will be an integral part of any major hazard control system. It will be based on those accidents identified by the works management, which could affect people and the environment outside the works. The responsibility for the off-site plan will be likely to rest either with the works management or with the local authority. Details provided in Chapter – 7, Additional studies under risk assessment and mitigation.

 Water will be in closed circuit system. Hence no industrial effluent will be generated.

 Domestic waste water will be partly used for horticulture after primary treatment and partly disposed through septic tank & soak pit combination.

 Solid waste generated will be reused as follows:

. Dust from bag filters will be partly re-used in process or used for land filling. . Slag from Pig Iron plant will be granulated and sold to cement manufacturers. . Induction furnace slag will be sold out to metal recovery units and will be used for road making after recovery of metals.  Implementation of Rain Water Harvesting for recharge of under ground water aquifer.

 Peripheral development activities will be undertaken as detailed in later chapters.

 Development of Green Belt over 33% of total land area

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4.10 IRREVERSIBLE AND IRRETRIEVABLE COMM ITMENTS OF ENVIRONM ENTAL COM PONENTS: TABLE: 4 - 07 M ajor Nature & Nature of Impact with Environmen Project Significance of EM P tal Activity Impact without (Reversible / Attributes EM P Irreversible) Maximum open area will be under green cover for natural arresting and Use of appreciable Rain Water. Negative Use of water Decrease in water All materials will be kept in from Ground level and increase in covered areas so that there Water water for concentration of is no contact with water or resources construction undesired elements. any leaching to the sub-soil and operation Increase in sources. purpose impurities Reversible Rain Water Harvesting & other Conservation plan as per directions of PCB will be implemented. Bag Filters installed for existing plant. Additional DE and bag filters will be installed.

Dust emission All conveyors will be Significant during Negative completely covered. Green construction belt development, Water Increase in TSPM, and emission sprinkling, concrete road, Air quality SO NOx from Stack of dust and 2 covered storage, bounded and Fugitive gases from yard will be constructed for emissions. operational Irreversible maintenance of Air Quality. activities Stack height as per CPCB norms for proper dispersion of pollutants from operation and D.G. Set Erection, Exact specification grinders, M arginal Negative equipments with in built mortar mixer, Moderate increase noise reduction system will Noise level noise from in noise level be procured. construction Irreversible machineries Proper servicing &

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and from maintenance of operational machineries, sound less activities. generator, green belt development.

Isolation of equipments with acoustic enclosures wherever possible Construction workers, Skilled and M arginal Positive Increase in direct and unskilled indirect employment, Increase in direct workers, mostly from local areas. and indirect Employment Technical employment, mostly staffs, security Social development and from local areas. for both Reversible peripheral activities will be construction & undertaken. operational phase Construction, erection of M arginal Negative Such impacts would be plant with Change in land use. location specific. Land use ancillary Such impacts would Construction will be limited facilities and be location specific to minimum possible area. solid waste Irreversible disposal

The quality of ambient air will depend upon the background concentration of specific contaminants, the emission sources and meteorological conditions. The Industrial impact on air quality mainly depends on the method of construction, technology adopted for production, storage facilities & mode of transport for raw material and finished goods. The intensity of operation is directly related to the rate of production.

Fugitive emission from manufacturing process is expected. The transport of raw material and finished goods by surface transport system is likely to increase the gaseous and suspended particulate matter emissions.

CH-IV- 21 Chapter 4 – Anticipated Environmental Impacts & Mitigation - Final Report M/s Lal Ferro Alloys Co. (P) Ltd, Vill- Biswasdih, Giridih, Jharkhand Induction Furnace (18000 TPA), Pig Iron (12000 TPA), Hard Coke (15000 TPA)

4.11 NOISE ENVIRONEMENT The permissible exposure-durations at different continuous noise levels are given below: Noise Level, dB (A) 90 93 96 99 102 105 108 Max Exposure, hr / day 08 04 02 01 0.5 0.25 0.125

It is estimated that in most cases noise levels are within permissible limits of 90 dB (A) for 8 hrs. The peaks at times may be marginally higher but this situation does not continue for any appreciable length of time. Considering the norm of reduction of noise level by 3 dB (A) for each doubling of distance from the site of measurement, It is anticipated that impact of noise at plant site will remain localized although there will be increase in noise level during construction and operation phase. The noise level at boundary of the plant premises will be not more than 75 dB (A) in normal operation of the plant.

The impact on noise quality within the plant may be termed appreciable which may require mitigative measures. negligible impact is envisaged outside the plant.

4.12 IMPACT ON SOIL QUALITY As no toxic substance will be generated or involved, the impact on soil quality is not likely to be more intensive than the existing level. The dust generated during loading and unloading operations and vehicular movements normally constitute heavier particles that would readily settle on very small areas within the plant itself. Raw material and product will also be stored.

Thus negligible impact on soil quality is envisaged.

4.13 IMPACT ON LOCAL ECOLOGY The proposed activity since being confined to site premises will not cause any impact on the topography. There are no major floral or faunal species inside or adjacent to the proposed site. Aquatic ecology will not be affected since there is no discharge of water from the plant. Therefore, impact may be termed as negligible

CH-IV- 22 Chapter 4 – Anticipated Environmental Impacts & Mitigation - Final Report M/s Lal Ferro Alloys Co. (P) Ltd, Vill- Biswasdih, Giridih, Jharkhand Induction Furnace (18000 TPA), Pig Iron (12000 TPA), Hard Coke (15000 TPA)

4.14 IMPACT ON SOCIO-ECONOM IC STATUS There will be no displacement of local population and consequently no need for any rehabilitation scheme. Rather, generation of employment potential direct or indirect will have beneficial effect on the local populace. Thus, general impact on local economy and quality of life is likely to be appreciably beneficial. But potential of local workers getting affected by dust laden atmosphere within the plant will be relatively high and may cause impact on the health status of the local populace, which will be taken care of in peripheral development and community welfare. Overall the impact can be evaluated as appreciable.

4.15 ASSESSMENT OF SIGNI FI CANCE OF I M PACTS a. Criteria for determining significance: The impact of various activities of the project on the environmental quality is assessed and cause-effect relationship between sources of pollution for different environmental components has been predicted. Impact prediction on Air, Water, Land Biological, and Socio-economic status were carried out through one season, rapid baseline study on the state of core and buffer zones of the project.

For identification, quantification and evaluation of potential impacts, Matrix method was used. Environmental impact assessment is made by use of Parameter Importance Value (PIV)

To evaluate the impact on the environment each attribute has been assigned value depending upon its relative weightage for deterioration/improvement of environment. TABLE: 4 – 08

IMPACT IMPACT SCORE

Negligible 1

Marginal 2

Appreciable Impact 3

Significant Impact 4

Major Impact 5

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Severe Impact 6 (+) sign show beneficial effect (-) sign shows negative impact

The environmental impact matrix has been developed with eleven activities in construction phase and eight activities in the operation phase. An appropriate impact score has been assigned against each activity on all environmental parameters.

b. Assigning significance TABLE: 4 – 09 PIV without EM P

SL. NO Impact area Ranking Weightage PIV 1 Air quality -4 4/ 17 - 235.3 2 Water Resource -3 3/ 17 - 176.47 3 Flora and Fauna -1 1/ 17 - 58.8 4 Noise level -3 3/ 17 - 176.47 5 Land use -2 2/ 17 - 117.65 6 Soil -1 1/ 17 - 58.8 7 Socio-economic +3 3/ 17 + 176.47 Total 17 - 647.02

The value of this index is – 647.02 without taking into consideration any of the proposed environmental control measures.

SUM M ARY OF I M PACT Above table shows that impact on air quality and water quality needs to be properly tackled. Major reduction of impact will be obviously through properly designed pollution control system and avoidance of exposure of the workmen to pollutants. Further, medical care needs to be provided to prevent and diagnose the effect on the workers health at the earliest.

CH-IV- 24 Chapter 4 – Anticipated Environmental Impacts & Mitigation - Final Report M/s Lal Ferro Alloys Co. (P) Ltd, Vill- Biswasdih, Giridih, Jharkhand Induction Furnace (18000 TPA), Pig Iron (12000 TPA), Hard Coke (15000 TPA)

4.16 M I TI GATI ON M EASURES The impact study reveals that the proposed project requires mitigative measures in certain areas including noise during the operation and construction phase; air environment during construction phase and operational phase. This chapter accordingly proposes a Environment Measure Plan for the proposed plant.

The mitigation measures recommended in the environmental management plan are described for those specific impacts of environment which are likely to have adverse impact as predicted earlier for various activities. The following measures shall be integral part of the project and implemented at desired level for better environmental management.

4.17 M ANAGEM ENT PLAN FOR CONSTRUCTION ACTIVITIES The environmental management plan as detailed below will be taken up for mitigation of the environmental impacts due to proposed construction activities. 1. The construction activities will be taken up in such a way that any deterioration of the environment beyond the plant site area is avoided. 2. The major area of impact during this phase would be the air quality degradation in and around the site of construction. Dust generation and discharge will be restricted through proper dust suppression measures. Minimum emissions of fugitive dust from any active operation, open storage pile or disturbed surface area such that the presence of such dust would not remain visible in the atmosphere beyond the property line of the emission source.  Dust suppression systems (water sprinklers) to be installed at all roads used for carrying raw materials, etc.  All diesel powered equipment to be properly tuned and maintained.  Construction equipment shall be shut off when not in use to reduce idling emissions. With application of best available fugitive dust control measures detailed above, construction related emissions of suspended particulate matter would be reduced considerably. Short-term air quality impacts would be unavoidable.

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3. Disposal of waste water will be from canteen area and toilets for the workers inside the site. The toilets and other facilities are adequate to take care of the sanitation disposal of the constructional work force.

4. Canteen and toilet wastewater would be disposed by means of soak pit.

5. Landscaping programme by green belt development, avenue plantation and maintenance of the present vegetation would be done to ensure minimum dust and noise spreading and improving the work environment.

6. Safety equipments including helmets, shoes, masks, etc, would be provided to ensure protection to the workers during construction.

7. Solid waste generated during construction including debris, construction materials and removed soils would be used for land-filling, etc inside the plant. Others like waste papers, waste cloth materials, packing materials would be sold / incinerated in controlled manner.

8. All facilities including water supply, electricity, and drainage would be made available on site.

9. Sewerage facility and sanitation would be as per proper standard of hygiene.

4.18 M ANAGEM ENT PLAN FOR OPERATIONAL ACTIVITIES The environmental management plan as detailed below will be taken up for mitigation of the environmental impacts due to proposed operational activities.

4.18.1 Air Quality M anagement: STACK EM I SSIONS CONTROL – M BF Projections are made for emissions before being treated in any de-dusting device that shall be installed by the unit. From study of similar plants, it is observed that the proposed pollution control system is suitable for such units.

To control pollution caused by dust emission from stack there are generally two systems prevalent, one being the wet system and the other a dry system.

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The gas temperature after combustion goes up tremendously. This excess heat is well absorbed by charge mix above and is further cooled by dilution with cool air at the Hood gap.

TABLE: 4 - 10 Details of proposed APC System for PIG IRON PLANT

ITEM DESCRIPTION Values 1 No. of APC systems 1 2 Stack Height from GL 30 m 3 Stack Diameter 1.0 m 4 Gas Volume 18,000 M3 / hr 5 Gas Velocity 8.5 m/ s 6 Gas Temperature 120 oC 7 Inlet Dust Load 8 - 10 g/ Nm3 8 Emission at Stack (PM10) 30 mg / Nm3 3 9 Emission of SO2 200 mg / Nm 10 Emissions of NOx 150 mg / Nm3

CH-IV- 27 Chapter 4 – Anticipated Environmental Impacts & Mitigation - Final Report M/s Lal Ferro Alloys Co. (P) Ltd, Vill- Biswasdih, Giridih, Jharkhand Induction Furnace (18000 TPA), Pig Iron (12000 TPA), Hard Coke (15000 TPA)

STACK EM I SSIONS CONTROL - HARD COKE PLANT Hard Coke Manufacturing Units accounts for a significant amount of Particulate and

Gaseous (SO2, NOX, CO) Emissions from the process. The dust laden flue gases are passed through the Stack connected to the Battery of Ovens. A common Stack serves all the batteries of ovens. The Emissions are due to baking of Coking Coal used for manufacturing of Hard Coke. Due to the stringent norms of the Pollution Control Boards, the need for incorporation of a pollution control system has become an essential requirement for such units which otherwise release a great amount of particulate matter to the atmosphere and as a result cause deterioration of the atmosphere. Air Pollution is generated by burning of volatiles in Coal and the gas

thus formed contains mainly noxious components like CO, NOx, SO2, H2s C6H5 OH, miscellaneous hydro-carbons and tar. Most of these are not in substantial quantity,

except for NOx for all design calculations, volatiles content in coal has been considered as 15% average and ash content as 20%. The pollution control system should take into consideration unburnt/ under burnt carbon of the coal also.

Suitable pollution control system is designed based on the following criteria: 1. The study of the working pattern of the ovens, quantum and quality of fuel (which is also raw material), production cycles etc. 2. Mass balance and heat balance of the system. 3. Data available from monitoring of similar units. 4. General Information provided by plant management. The system proposed for the plant will be multistage wet system. The components of the system are: 1. Wet Scrubber 2. Ventury Scrubber 3. Cyclone Separator 4. Dumpers 5. Recycle Water Cleaning System

CH-IV- 28 Chapter 4 – Anticipated Environmental Impacts & Mitigation - Final Report M/s Lal Ferro Alloys Co. (P) Ltd, Vill- Biswasdih, Giridih, Jharkhand Induction Furnace (18000 TPA), Pig Iron (12000 TPA), Hard Coke (15000 TPA)

POLLUTION CONTROL SYSTEM FOR HARD COKE UNIT

K C A T S CHARGING TROLLY SAMPLING PLATFORM

VENTURI SCRABBER

STACK EMMISION

QUENCHING WATER PLATFORM PUMP

WET HARD COKE OVEN I.D.FAN SLURRY POND SCRUBBER

STACK HEI GHT Minimum stack height requirement for other units is 30 meters from ground level. However, for this plant it is recommended that stack height be 35 meters for better performance and minimize fugitive emissions.

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TABLE: 4 - 11 Details of proposed stacks for HARD COKE

ITEM DESCRIPTION Values

1 No. of APC systems 1 2 Stack Height from GL 35 m 3 Stack Diameter 1.75 m 4 Gas Volume 40,000 M3 / hr 5 Gas Velocity 6.0 m/ s 6 Gas Temperature 110 oC 7 Inlet Dust Load 800 - 1000 mg/ Nm3 8 Emission at Stack (PM10) 50 mg / Nm3 3 9 Emission of SO2 800 mg / Nm 10 Emissions of NOx 500 mg / Nm3

STACK EM I SSIONS CONTROL – I NDUCTI ON FURNACE PLANT Study shows that excessive Fugitive Emissions are mainly due to two reasons: 1. Generally the Plant Sheds are kept open causing blowing away of the fine and dusty materials into the open working area. 2. There is no provision for natural draft in the charging area of the Furnaces. As a result fumes that result, especially during charging, are emitted into the working area of the plant.

Fugitive Emissions from the furnace charging area can be extracted by installation of fume extraction system using suitable capacity I. D. Fan fed to the Pollution Control Device to trap the excess particulate matter and then directed into the atmosphere through stack of suitable height as per norms of Pollution Control Board.

CH-IV- 30 Chapter 4 – Anticipated Environmental Impacts & Mitigation - Final Report M/s Lal Ferro Alloys Co. (P) Ltd, Vill- Biswasdih, Giridih, Jharkhand Induction Furnace (18000 TPA), Pig Iron (12000 TPA), Hard Coke (15000 TPA)

TABLE: 4 - 12 Details of proposed APC System for INDUCTION FURNACE PLANT

ITEM DESCRIPTION Values

1 No. of APC systems 1

2 Gas Volume (M3 / hr) 40,000 M3 / hr

3 Gas Temperature 0C 105 oC

4 Inlet Dust Load (gm/M3) 0.8 – 1.5 g/ Nm3

5 Emission at Stack (mg/ NM3 ) 150 mg / Nm3

6 ID Fan Capacity 40000 M3/hr

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4.18.2 SECONDARY FUGI TIVE EM ISSION CONTROL Apart from the Stack attached to the MBF and Hard Coke Plant, there would dust generation in the raw material handling section and face of induction furnace. To curb the spreading of the dust into the other areas of the plant the management shall take necessary steps to keep the atmosphere inside the plant clean and ambient air quality within norms. National Ambient Air quality Emission Standards issued by the Ministry vide G.S.R. No. 826(E) dated 16th November, 2009 will be followed.

Fugitive emissions can also be kept low by making pucca haul roads within the premises and making arrangements for water spraying at all the dusty places in the premises and during loading, unloading process. 1. Control of Stack Emissions and Fugitive Emissions will have a direct impact on the ambient conditions. 2. Water Sprinkling System at dusty areas and loading / unloading zone. 3. Storage of raw materials in covered space. 4. Construction of pucca road inside the plant. 5. Development of planned green belt along the road and boundary wall of the industry will also control ambient conditions. The objective for providing plantations are as under: a) To act as wind shelter and prevent air pollution in surrounding area. b) To act as a natural sink to absorb dust and sequester carbon. c) To act as a medium to absorb noise energy and reduce noise. d) Plantations absorb air born dust. e) Plantations provide shed. 6. Regular disposal of solid waste 7. Good House keeping

4.19 WASTE HEAT M ANAGEM ENT Waste heat from MBF Gas and Hard Coke Unit will be utilized for drying of raw materials. The waste heat from hard coke unit will also use for pre heating of raw materials.

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4.20 NOI SE QUALI TY M ANAGEM ENT The major noise generating sources are compressors, pumps, fans, cooling towers, D. G. Set, crushers and raw material section. With the planned spread outing of the various sections, the plant is unlikely to cause disturbance to the nearby areas during operations. However, to control noise level within the plant, following mitigative measures may be considered: 1. The statutory national norms for noise levels are to be met for both inside and outside the plant area.

2. Isolation of noise generating equipment

3. Provision for accounting lagging

4. Occupational noise standards for the workers as per norms and their protection from undue exposure are to be met. Ear plugs / Ear masks may be provided to workmen working near high noise generating sources.

5. The specification of procurement of major noise generating machines will include built-in design requirements to produce minimum noise.

6. Proper maintenance of plant equipments and machineries periodically will be carried to minimize unwanted work zone noise levels.

7. High noise operations like DG sets will operate only in case of emergency and short duration. DG sets should be as per norms as prescribed by MOEF. New guidelines require that DG sets (up to 1000 KVA) shall comply with the noise limit of 75 dB(A) at 1M and shall be provided with integral acoustic enclosure.

8. The proposed green belt around the plant would also assist in dampening noise effects. 4.21 GREEN BELT DEVELOPMENT PLAN As per MOEF guidelines, for siting of industry, a 5 M wide green belt around the limits and road side of the industry is suggested. Total Green belt area should be 33% or more of plant area. Species of tree to be used for plantation should be such that they are fast growing, strong, and pollutant resistant. The plantation should be a mix of different varieties. A three tier plantation scheme comprising of:  Outer ring of tall, thick canopy trees

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 Middle ring of less taller trees  Inner core layer of tolerant species. In addition parallel rows of trees which are tolerant will be planted on either side of roads with heavy traffic movement. A list of different plant species recommended for plantation is given in Table below

4.21.1 Afforestation and Landscape Development The green belt programme shall help in: 1. Prevention and degradation of land and soil 2. Prevention of dust movement 3. Noise Control 4. Increase in aesthetic value.

4.21.2 Pre Plantation Programme: For successful afforestation programme, availability of the required species of seedlings is a basic requirement. Hence a nursery shall be developed in the area at a suitable place. The seeds of required species shall be obtained and germinated in the nursery beds from where the seedlings are transplanted into polythene bags filled with mixture of top soil and cow dung manure. The seedlings shall be allowed to grow about 0.30 m height in the polythene bags for about 30 days before plantation.

TABLE: 4 - 13 List of Plants for Green Belt Development

• Acacia auriculformis • Acacia auriculformis • Alstonia scholar • Anthocephalus cadama • Azadirechta indica • Bahunia sp. • Calisitemon viminalis • Cassia bitlora • Cassia siamia

CH-IV- 34 Chapter 4 – Anticipated Environmental Impacts & Mitigation - Final Report M/s Lal Ferro Alloys Co. (P) Ltd, Vill- Biswasdih, Giridih, Jharkhand Induction Furnace (18000 TPA), Pig Iron (12000 TPA), Hard Coke (15000 TPA)

• Cassia spectabol • Casurina equisetifolia • Dalbergia sissoo • Dalbergia sissoo • Delonix regia

4.22 OCCUPATI ONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH Occupational safety and health is very closely related to productivity and employee – employer relationship. The main factors of occupational health in such plants are dust and noise. To avoid any adverse effect on the health of workers due to dust, noise and vibration etc., sufficient measures have already been addressed. Other measures mainly relating to health and safety measures are: i. Provision of canteen cum rest shelters for workers with amenities like drinking water, fans etc. ii. Training of employees for use of safety appliances and first aid. iii. Extensive publicity and propaganda related to safety. iv. Regular maintenance and testing of all equipment and machineries as per manufacture’s guidelines. v. Periodical health check-up of all employees. vi. Provision of dispensary/first aid in the premises.

4.23 WATER RESOURCE M ANAGEM ENT 4.23.1 Water Consumption Ground water source shall be used for which appropriate number of bore wells will be dug. Circulating water requirement for the plant is 23-25 m3 .Total make-up water estimated at 160 m3/ day.

Plant Section Make up Water Quantity

Blast furnace 120 m3/day Induction furnace 15 m3/ day Hard coke plant quenching 20 m3/ day Domestic use 5 m3/ day total make up requirement 160 m3/ day

CH-IV- 35 Chapter 4 – Anticipated Environmental Impacts & Mitigation - Final Report M/s Lal Ferro Alloys Co. (P) Ltd, Vill- Biswasdih, Giridih, Jharkhand Induction Furnace (18000 TPA), Pig Iron (12000 TPA), Hard Coke (15000 TPA)

Water will be sourced from under ground through bore well. Application for withdrawal of under ground water has been made which is expected within a short period.

WATER FLOW DI AGRAM

Rain water Source of Water harvesting (Bore Well)

Rain Water Tank (800 M3)

/day 3 160 160 M Make up Water tank

3 Process Water Tank 150 M / day (1000 M3)

5 M3 / day 5 M3 / day

15 M3 / day Domestic use Green belt & Water sprinkle day Evaporation Loss Loss Evaporation / 3

M Induction Furnace /day /day 3 135 135 Soak pit MBF 134 M 134 & Hard Coke Plant

Recycle 16 M3 / day

CH-IV- 36 Chapter 4 – Anticipated Environmental Impacts & Mitigation - Final Report M/s Lal Ferro Alloys Co. (P) Ltd, Vill- Biswasdih, Giridih, Jharkhand Induction Furnace (18000 TPA), Pig Iron (12000 TPA), Hard Coke (15000 TPA)

4.23.2 Waste Water M anagement As the water requirement is only for cooling purpose and there would no discharge to the outside area. Hence at present there appears no requirement for any Effluent treatment plant. Domestic discharge from canteens and toilets must be channelled through proper sewage channels and soak pits. Should any situation arise for discharge for liquid effluents, necessary treatment facility will be incorporated?

4.23.3 Rain Water Harvesting Plan Storm water drains will be laid out according to the contour of the site. Part of the storm water will get collected in water bodies and strategically placed dug wells which will act as water reservoirs during emergencies and also recharge the aquifer. Some of these problems being reduced well yields, land subsidence, intrusion of salty water especially in coastal areas, leakage into the aquifer of highly mineralized water. In order to overcome these serious environmental implications the recharge potential of groundwater resource has to be equally or in some cases more important aspect than the abstraction potential. RAIN WATER HARVESTING DESIGN PARAMETERS

A. TOTAL PLANT AREA

LOCATION DIMENSION AREA (SQ. M.) 1 Plant Area TOTAL 11.75 Acres 47552

B. LAND USE BREAKUP LOCATION AREA (ACRES) AREA (SQ. M.) 1 Plant Area 2.8 11173 M2 2 Stock Yard 1.34 5438 M2 3 Road & Paved Area 1.86 7549 M2 4 Green Belt 3.86 15692 M2 5 Office & Store 0.16 669 M2 6 Open Land 1.73 7031 M2 TOTAL 11.75 47552 M2

CH-IV- 37 Chapter 4 – Anticipated Environmental Impacts & Mitigation - Final Report M/s Lal Ferro Alloys Co. (P) Ltd, Vill- Biswasdih, Giridih, Jharkhand Induction Furnace (18000 TPA), Pig Iron (12000 TPA), Hard Coke (15000 TPA)

C DATA ASSUMED AND/ OR AVAILABLE

DETAILS VALUES Annual Rain Fall for Giridih & Surrounding areas 1.214 meters annually (Source by Indian Metrological Deptt.) 2 Average rate of rainfall 0.075 m/ hour Co-efficient of evaporation, spillage and first flush 3 0.80 wastage 4 Run off coefficient for roof top (corrugated) 0.6 – 0.9 0.70

5 Run off coefficient for yard & paved area 0.5 – 0.7 0.60

6 Run off coefficient for roof green belt 0.2 – 0.5 0.30

7 Run off coefficient for roof top (concrete) 0.7 – 0.9 0.80

8 Run off coefficient for open land 0.3 – 0.6 0.30

D. WATER QUANTITY HARVESTED

DETAILS CALCULATIONS VALUES Rain Fall Endowment From Roof Top( 20166 1 1.214 X 16611 Corrugated) M3 Effectively Harvested Quantity From Roof Top 11293 2 20166 X 0.8 X 0.7 (Corrugated) M3 Rain Fall Endowment From Yard & Paved Area 3 1.214 X 7549 9164 M3

Effectively Harvested Quantity From Yard & 4 9164 X 0.8 X 0.6 4399 M3 Paved Area 19050 3 Rain Fall Endowment From Green Belt Area 1.214 X 15692 M3 Effectively Harvested Quantity From Green Belt 6 19050 X 0.8 X 0.3 4572 M3 Area 7 Rain Fall Endowment From Roof Top(Concrete) 1.214 X 669 812 M3 Effectively Harvested Quantity From Roof Top 8 812 X 0.8 X 0.8 520 M3 (Concrete) 9 Rain Fall Endowment From Open Land 1.214 X 7031 8536 M3

Effectively Harvested Quantity From Open 10 8536 X 0.8 X 0.3 2049 M3 Land TOTAL EFFECTIVELY HARVESTED WATER 22833 11 QUANTITY/ ANNUM M3

CH-IV- 38 Chapter 4 – Anticipated Environmental Impacts & Mitigation - Final Report M/s Lal Ferro Alloys Co. (P) Ltd, Vill- Biswasdih, Giridih, Jharkhand Induction Furnace (18000 TPA), Pig Iron (12000 TPA), Hard Coke (15000 TPA)

DESIGNING OF RECHARGE STRUCTURE: Since the rate of recharge may not be comparable with rate of run off, the capacity of recharge structure is designed to retain runoff for at least 15 minutes of rainfall of peak intensity. Peak Rainfall in 15 minutes in area under consideration: : 0.025 m3 Effectively harvested water quantity for 15 minutes : 471 M3 Harvested water stores for process use 371 M3 Harvested water recharged to ground : 100 M3 Number of dug wells for recharge : 2 Daily requirement of water : 160 M3/ day

Total storage capacity for 60 days : 9600 M3 No. of storage tank : 4 NOS. 26 M X 25 M X 3.5 Size of tank : M

Depth of ground water level : 7 m bgl Depth of dug well : 14 m Diameter of dug well : 3.0 m

FILTERATION MEDIA Area of Filtration Media : 12 M2 Height of Sand Bed : 0.3 m Height of Gravel Bed : 0.25 m

CHANNEL DIMENSIONS Width of Ground channel : 0.65 Height of Ground channel : 0.4 m Slope of Ground channel : 0.01

4.24 SOLID WASTE GENERATI ON AND DI SPOSAL Quantity of solid waste generation is estimated. Appropriate disposal program must be undertaken. The solid waste is not hazardous in nature.

CH-IV- 39 Chapter 4 – Anticipated Environmental Impacts & Mitigation - Final Report M/s Lal Ferro Alloys Co. (P) Ltd, Vill- Biswasdih, Giridih, Jharkhand Induction Furnace (18000 TPA), Pig Iron (12000 TPA), Hard Coke (15000 TPA)

NON HAZARDOUS WASTE: The main Solid waste generated as follows:

Solid Waste Waste Management From Process From PCD Slag sold to cement unit. APC dust Present BF Slag – 18.4 TPD 1.50 TPD reused Non Hazardous, Sale to slag Proposed IF Slag – 2.0 TPD 0.525 TPD processing units

Total 20.4 TPD 2.025 TPD As above (after expansion)

SOLID WASTE M ANAGEM ENT Solid waste generated as above will be disposed off or used as follows: • Dust from bag filters will be used for land filling. • Slag from process will be sold to slag processing units for village and other road making after recovery & removal of iron content from it • Bore / Riser will be re-used in the process.

CH-IV- 40 Chapter 4 – Anticipated Environmental Impacts & Mitigation - Final Report M/s Lal Ferro Alloys Co. (P) Ltd, Vill- Biswasdih, Giridih, Jharkhand Induction Furnace (18000 TPA), Pig Iron (12000 TPA), Hard Coke (15000 TPA)

SMS slag as it will be handled in open. Management plan for the same is proposed as below:

TCLP data of slag (all in ppm) source – steel technology, internet Paramete Cr 6+ F Cr Mn As Cd Hg Pb r Slag <0.02 1.85 <0.02 0.04 <0.02 <0.01 <0.01 <0.05

M anagement plan

 Slag generated from the unit will be tested for actual concentration.  Methodical TCLP for at least 3 samples of actual slag will be taken up for ascertaining its characteristic. If found to be hazardous will be handled as per norms – kept on impervious/ lined flooring and contact with liquid/ water will be avoided.  Slag will be disposed to metal recovery unit for further processing  Maximum storage of slag only for 15 days within the unit.  Slag will be stored in a covered area. Column leachate study for all types of stockpiles or waste disposal sites, at 20 0C – 50 0C should be conducted and reported after actual generation of the same.

4.25 RESIDUAL IM PACT M ATRIX The anticipated impact assessment at pre-mitigative stage was found to have a negative score of – 647.02. The EMP will enhance the eco-friendliness of the plant. In the post-mitigative stage, this being improved to – 70.38 indicating reduction of impact by 89.13 %. The impact and Mitigation on air component of the environmental has been assessed by following method: Firstly impact due to Point Source Emission from the stacks in operation. Secondly Fugitive Emission if any will affect the ambient condition.

The Point Source Emission is to be managed by Bag Filter which has an Efficiency of about 90% and hence negligible or non pollution generation is envisaged. i.e. impact improvement after EMP is about 95%.

CH-IV- 41 Chapter 4 – Anticipated Environmental Impacts & Mitigation - Final Report M/s Lal Ferro Alloys Co. (P) Ltd, Vill- Biswasdih, Giridih, Jharkhand Induction Furnace (18000 TPA), Pig Iron (12000 TPA), Hard Coke (15000 TPA)

With respect to fugitive and transportation emission, the impact will be localized within the plant boundary and will be managed by various means like devices, Green Belt and good in house cleanliness practices. Thus the improvement is about 50%.

Thus the Average Improvement after EMP measures in respect to air quality will be 96%.

The Quality of Water Resource will improve significantly due to measures like treatment plant, reuse, etc. Where as Water quantity will improve due to Artificial Recharge of Ground Water by Rain Water Harvesting 10% of total annual water requirement of plant will be recharged to sub soil sources. Green belt will also reduce soil erosion and increase seepage of water.

Landuse and soil quality will improve by way of green belt development.

Since air quality will improve significantly, thus stopping dust fall and gaseous emission, Flora-Fauna is anticipated to benefit. And since this is a expansion project inside an industrial unit no tree felling will be carried out.

Human impact due to polluted air from plant is to be taken care of as given for air quality management and thus health hazards are to be minimized. This is an improvement.

TABLE: 4 - 14 PARAM ETER I M PORTANCE VALUE AFTER EM P PERCENT Resultant SL NO I M PACT AREA PI V I M PROVEM E PIV NT 1 Air quality - 235.3 95 - 11.77 2 Water regime - 176.47 70 - 52.94

3 Flora and Fauna - 58.8 35 - 38.03

4 Noise level - 176.47 70 - 52.94

5 Land use - 117.65 25 - 88.24 6 Soil - 58.8 50 - 29.40

7 Socio-economic + 176.47 15 + 202.94

CH-IV- 42 Chapter 4 – Anticipated Environmental Impacts & Mitigation - Final Report M/s Lal Ferro Alloys Co. (P) Ltd, Vill- Biswasdih, Giridih, Jharkhand Induction Furnace (18000 TPA), Pig Iron (12000 TPA), Hard Coke (15000 TPA)

Total - 647.02 89.13 % - 70.38

The PIV value with EMP reflects the fact that project is environmental friendly in all respects as it will negligibly alter the baseline condition, if the proposed EMP is effectively implemented.

4.26 M I NI M I ZING OF WASTE GENERATI ON & CONSERVATI ON OF NATURAL SOURCES

Waste generation from the plant can be minimised –

 By using better quality of Iron Ore  By reusing of waste generated from APC Conservation of Natural sources -

 Using of waste gas for drying and Pre heating of raw material.  Proper maintenance of machineries.  Minimisation of lighting equipments as much as possible.  Better performance of workers.  Minimisation of raw material handling route.  Minimisation idle operation of equipments.

EM P implementation Schedule

Management plans for construction 1 activities Will be implemented along with plant 2 Management plans for Air Quality operation Will be implemented along with plant 3 Management plans for Waste Water operation Management plans for Fugitive Will be started with construction 4 Emission activities and continued Will be started with construction 5 Management plans for Solid Waste activities and continued Will be started with plant operation 6 Green belt development plan and complete within 2 years

7 Environment monitoring Schedule Implemented with plant operation

CH-IV- 43 Chapter 5 – Analysis of Alternatives - Final Report M/s Lal Ferro Alloys Co. (P) Ltd, Vill- Biswasdih, Giridih, Jharkhand Induction Furnace (18000 TPA), Pig Iron (12000 TPA), Hard Coke (15000 TPA)

CHAPTER – 5 ANALYSIS OF ALTERNATIVES

5.1 SITE Selection of suitable site for a project is as important as selecting a technology and suppliers. Factor which are taken into account for selection of site are proximity to raw materials or market and availability of manpower, water, infrastructure and ease of transportation. However a new dimension has also raised concerns in selection of site and that is environment. Factors taken into consideration while selecting the site: • Availability of land. • Flat terrain and soil strength.0 • Connectivity. • Overall impact on environment • Availability of water and power • Other infrastructure. The proposed project is an expansion at the site, which is well connected to state highway and nearby railway station. Hence, sufficient infrastructure exists and lesser resources are required to be deployed for modernization as infrastructure. Since, construction for infrastructure does not require and hence does not affect the environment in any way. As the proposed site has all the above facilities and is adjacent to an industrial belt housing similar and other types of industries, no other site was considered.

LOCATION: The proposed site is located at Vill: Biswasdih, P.O. Gadi Srirampur, District: Giridih, of Jharkhand State. The site is in proximity to State Highway connecting Giridih and Dhanbad which is about 1.25 KM from the site. The area has all necessary infrastructure facilities such as road, nearness to rail head, telephone facilities and electric power with electric sub station. Nearest Railway Station is Giridih at 4.5 Km away from the site. The site is located close to the user of the product. DVC will

CH-V- 1 Chapter 5 – Analysis of Alternatives - Final Report M/s Lal Ferro Alloys Co. (P) Ltd, Vill- Biswasdih, Giridih, Jharkhand Induction Furnace (18000 TPA), Pig Iron (12000 TPA), Hard Coke (15000 TPA)

supply electricity to the plant. The power requirement for the proposed unit is 500 KVA.

Transportation facilities to access various markets are readily available. Both skilled and unskilled labour is available in the area.

5.2 PRODUCTION TECHNOLOGY AND MODULE Selection of suitable production process and the capacity of the production units form the nucleus around which the basic concept of a plant is developed. While the selection of a process takes into account factors like type of product, availability of local raw material, process status, specific energy consumption, level of energy required, environment and pollution etc., the capacity selection of major units would depend on the volume of production, available unit sizes, economies of scale etc.

PIG IRON The basic chemistry of iron making is to reduce oxides of iron ore with a carbonaceous reductant such as coke and coal to produce hot metal. This hot metal contains about 4 to 6 per cent of carbon, which needs to be oxidized by reacting with oxygen to produce crude liquid steel. The entire process chemistry works at an elevated temperature.

There are two process routes that dominate the global iron production, although variations and combinations of two exist: • Direct Reduction Iron ( DRI ) kiln • Mini Blast Furnace ( MBF )

CH-V- 2 Chapter 5 – Analysis of Alternatives - Final Report M/s Lal Ferro Alloys Co. (P) Ltd, Vill- Biswasdih, Giridih, Jharkhand Induction Furnace (18000 TPA), Pig Iron (12000 TPA), Hard Coke (15000 TPA)

TABLE: 5 - 01 A comparative statement of the technologies is as under: SL Item DRI MBF No

1 Product-mix Feasible to produce Feasible to produce

Iron Ore, Coke & Lime 2 Major metallic charge Iron Ore, Coal & Dolomite Stone

3 Major fuel charge Coal Coke

4 Energy consumption Highest Least

Good with secondary 5 Quality of product Good refining

6 Productivity Less Better than DRI

Refractory Every 3 month or as Every 3 month or as 7 consumption required required Commercially Widely accepted for low established, Widely 8 Status of technology to medium capacity plant accepted for low to medium capacity plant

Mini Blast Furnace will be used in the proposed unit as the technology for manufacturing of Pig Iron. The existing plant had been planned out considering low specific consumption of raw materials and energy with a minimum impact on the environment. The Mini Blast Furnace route is widely accepted for low to medium capacity plant, with satisfactory quality of product.

The Pig Iron is one stage advance of the Sponge Iron where the iron ore reduces to

the “molten metallic iron”. The iron ore (Fe2O3) is reduced to Iron (Fe) through different chemical reactions to form molten metallic iron, which is called “Pig Iron”. The pig iron is used in the induction furnaces & casting unit for the production of M.S. and Alloys and other casting jobs as per requirement. Considering the alone MBF has been selected for production.

CH-V- 3 Chapter 5 – Analysis of Alternatives - Final Report M/s Lal Ferro Alloys Co. (P) Ltd, Vill- Biswasdih, Giridih, Jharkhand Induction Furnace (18000 TPA), Pig Iron (12000 TPA), Hard Coke (15000 TPA)

HARD COKE Coke making has two established technologies namely Recovery type and Non- Recovery Type. The Non-Recovery Coke Ovens are considered eco-friendly in comparison to recovery type. It is less capital intensive and has short construction periods of approximately 6 months. This process has been choosed due to its inherent features of carbonisation at negative pressure and complete burning of all hydrocarbons with large excess air has got the distinct advantages over conventional coke ovens in respect of pollution control.

Advantages of Non-Recovery Coke Oven • High coke yield and flexibility of operation; No external heating required. • Heat transfer is in vertical direction against horizontal as in case of by-product or recovery type ovens • No effluent discharge, all volatiles fully burnt resulting in clean flue gas & minimal environmental impact. • Operated under suction to avoid any explosion during operation and to prevent pollution. • Extensive flue system ensuring complete combustion of all hydrocarbons leaving a clean stack gas with in permissible limit

STEEL MAKING Energy Optimization Furnace (EOF) Process The EOF process is a relatively new process for production of liquid steel by using hot metal and scrap as metallic input, in varying proportion. The energy optimization is achieved through the use of non-coking coal, oxygen and preheating of scrap.

The experience of operation of the EOF process is still limited and it is understood that use of 100% solid charge (as normally used in EAF charge-mix) or 80% hot metal (as normally used in BOF charge mix) is not yet commercially proven. While this process is flexible and advantageous in a location where both types of metallic charges, namely hot metal & scrap are available, adoption of the same for this project has been considered and rejected in view of its present status, limited operating experience, high scrap price in country and not so successful operation at TISCO

CH-V- 4 Chapter 5 – Analysis of Alternatives - Final Report M/s Lal Ferro Alloys Co. (P) Ltd, Vill- Biswasdih, Giridih, Jharkhand Induction Furnace (18000 TPA), Pig Iron (12000 TPA), Hard Coke (15000 TPA)

Electric Arc Furnace (EAF) Process Electric Arc furnace is an established process for production of liquid steel using 100% solid charge comprising appropriate proportion of scrap and DRI/HBI. About 30% of total steel production in the world today is produced through EAF. There have been continuous developments in this process to increase productivity, decrease energy consumption and produce cleaner steels. The recent trend is towards installation of DC furnace due to its inherent advantages over AC furnaces in terms of low electrode consumption and less flicker on power grid.

In India the scrap/HBI/DRI prices are highly volatile. Though there is improvement in power in some states, the supply of uninterrupted power is not fully assured. In addition the continuous rising trend in power tariff will make this process uneconomical. The EAF operation also limits the liquid hot metal charge up to 40%. In view of above, this process does not offer substantial advantages and therefore, has not been considered.

Basic Oxygen Furnace (BOF) BOF process of steel making has been widely accepted particularly due to its lower energy requirement and very high productivity. Besides, various advancements / developments in post treatment of steel have taken place which makes steel of high quality. In fact, BOF process today commands the largest share of total steel production of the world to its credit, amounting to 59.4% of the total world steel production. Various sizes of BOF vessels are in operation starting from small BOF of 10 – 15 T to as 380 T.

Induction Furnace Induction Furnace is an established process for production of liquid steel using 100% solid charge comprising appropriate proportion of Scrap / DRI / HBI / Pig Iron. India has witnessed an un-precedent growth in induction furnace steel making in just two decades. There are about 1000 induction furnace based steel units in India. The factor which contributed to the growth in induction furnace steel making over electric arc furnace steel making is as follows:

CH-V- 5 Chapter 5 – Analysis of Alternatives - Final Report M/s Lal Ferro Alloys Co. (P) Ltd, Vill- Biswasdih, Giridih, Jharkhand Induction Furnace (18000 TPA), Pig Iron (12000 TPA), Hard Coke (15000 TPA)

• The daily liquid steel making capacity of 4 tonnes capacity medium frequency induction furnace nearly equals that of a regular 10/12 tonnes EAF due to its inherent characteristics (nearly unit power factor operation, etc). • Induction furnace can be connected with weak power grids without any power disturbance on the main supply. • Elimination of expensive graphite electrodes • Use of expensive refractories • Low specific investment.

But induction furnace steel making has also some constraints as follows: • Efficiency of refining is lower. • Oxygen assisted melting is not possible. However, in spite of having such limitations, induction furnace steel producers are now successfully making tonnage steel by using even more than 70% of DRI with addition of 5 – 10% scrap and 20 – 25% cold pig iron in the charge mix and banking on secondary refining for a good part of refining load.

A comparative statement of the technologies is as under: SL Item EAF EOF BOF IF No Feasible to Feasible to Feasible to Feasible to 1 Product-mix produce produce produce produce Major Scrap &/or Hot metal & Hot metal & Scrap &/or 2 metallic DRI/HBI or scrap scrap DRI / HBI charge hot metal Major Oxygen & 3 metallic Electricity non-cocking Oxygen Electricity charge coal Energy Higher than Lower than 4 Highest Least consumption EOF EAF Good with Good with Good with Quality of 5 Good secondary secondary secondary product refining refining refining Better than More than 6 Productivity Less Highest EAF EAF Refractory Higher than Higher than 7 Less than EOF Least consumption EAF EAF

CH-V- 6 Chapter 5 – Analysis of Alternatives - Final Report M/s Lal Ferro Alloys Co. (P) Ltd, Vill- Biswasdih, Giridih, Jharkhand Induction Furnace (18000 TPA), Pig Iron (12000 TPA), Hard Coke (15000 TPA)

Widely Commercially Widely Widely accepted for established accepted for Status of accepted for 8 low to but yet to low to technology low to high medium take-off medium capacity plant capacity plant extensively capacity plant

Steel Melting by Induction Furnace is to be used in the proposed unit as the technology for manufacturing of Steel. The Induction Furnace route is widely accepted for low to medium capacity plant, with satisfactory quality of product after secondary refining.

CH-V- 7 Chapter 6 – EMP Implimentation & Monitoring - Final Report M/s Lal Ferro Alloys Co. (P) Ltd, Vill- Biswasdih, Giridih, Jharkhand Induction Furnace (18000 TPA), Pig Iron (12000 TPA), Hard Coke (15000 TPA)

CHAPTER – 6 EMP IMPLIMENTATION & MONITORING

6.0 Technical aspects of monitoring the effectiveness of mitigation measures (incl. Measurement methodologies, frequency, location, data analysis, reporting schedules, emergency procedures, detailed budget & procurement schedules)

To implement the EMP, a structured environment management system will be practiced. The maintenance department will undertake regular monitoring of the proposed pollution control system and conduct half-yearly audit (with help of third party) of the environmental performance of the system. It will also check that the stipulated measures are being satisfactorily implemented and operated. The head responsible for this will directly report to the director of the company.

6.1 Environmental Monitoring Program Introduction The monitoring and evaluation of the management measures envisaged are critical activities in implementation of the Project. Monitoring involves periodic checking to ascertain whether activities are in accordance with the plans. It provides the necessary feedback for project management to keep the program on schedule. The purpose of the environmental monitoring plan is to ensure that the envisaged purpose of the project is achieved and results in desired benefits.

A large part of the sampling and measurement activity is concerned with long term monitoring aimed at providing an early warning of any undesirable changes or trends in the natural environment that could be associated with the plant’s operation. To ensure the effective implementation of the proposed mitigation measures, the broad objectives of monitoring plan are:

‹ To evaluate the performance of mitigation measures proposed in the EIA. ‹ To suggest improvements in management plan, if required. ‹ To enhance environmental quality. ‹ To implement and manage the mitigative measures defined in EMP. ‹ To undertake compliance monitoring of proposed project operation and

CH-VI- 1 Chapter 6 – EMP Implimentation & Monitoring - Final Report M/s Lal Ferro Alloys Co. (P) Ltd, Vill- Biswasdih, Giridih, Jharkhand Induction Furnace (18000 TPA), Pig Iron (12000 TPA), Hard Coke (15000 TPA)

evaluation of mitigative measure. ‹ Control of activities inside the plant, until the environmental problem has been corrected ‹ Suitably respond to emergency situations. Provide details of the emergency and the actions taken to the top management ‹ Suitably make modifications or alterations in the plant to meet regulatory standards as amended from time to time

6.2 Technical aspects of monitoring the effectiveness of mitigation measures General Measures Several measures have been proposed in the environmental mitigation measures for mitigation of adverse environmental impacts. These shall be implemented as per proposal and monitored regularly to ensure compliance to environmental regulation and also to maintain healthy environmental conditions around the plant.

A major part of the sampling and measurement activities shall be concerned with long term monitoring aimed at providing an early warning of any undesirable changes or trends in the natural environment that could be associated with the plant activity. This is essential to determine whether the changes are in response to a cycle of climatic conditions or are due to impact of the plant activities. In particular, a monitoring strategy shall be ensured that all environmental resources, which may be subject to contamination, are kept under review and hence monitoring of the individual elements of the environment shall be done.

During the operation phase the maintenance department in guidance of the plant incharge shall undertake all the monitoring work with help of third party to ensure the effectiveness of environmental mitigation measures. The suggestions given in the Environmental Monitoring Program shall be implemented as per schedule. In case of any alarming variation in, ground level concentration in ambient air, stack emission, work zone air and noise monitoring results, etc shall be discussed in the inter departmental meetings and any deviation from norms shall be reported to the higher management for immediate rectification action.

Meteorology

CH-VI- 2 Chapter 6 – EMP Implimentation & Monitoring - Final Report M/s Lal Ferro Alloys Co. (P) Ltd, Vill- Biswasdih, Giridih, Jharkhand Induction Furnace (18000 TPA), Pig Iron (12000 TPA), Hard Coke (15000 TPA)

It is necessary to monitor the meteorological parameters regularly for assessment and interpretation of air quality data. The following data will be recorded and archived at time of AAQ monitoring by the agency engaged for monitoring of environmental parameters. - Wind speed and direction - Rainfall - Temperature and humidity

Stack Emissions Monitoring

Periodical monitoring of stack for SPM, SO2, NOx in case of process stacks shall be done to assess the performance of pollution control facilities installed at the unit. In case emissions are found to exceed the norms, the ‘on duty’ personnel shall check the relevant process parameters and take appropriate corrective action. Initially the emissions from all the stacks will be monitored once every three months using the manually operated stack emissions monitoring equipment. However the frequency of monitoring may be increased if required in accordance with the stipulations of JSPCB or other statutory authorities

DESIGN TARGETS OF POLLUTION CONTROL SYSTEMS

The proposed pollution control measures would be designed on the basis of the following criteria: STACK EMISSION: Particulate matter : 100 mg/Nm3.

SO2 would be permitted within the NOx carrying capacity of the environment

De-dusting units: Particulate matter (PM) : 50 mg/Nm3

Noise level : 75 dB(A) maximum at plant boundary during Day and 70 dB(A) during night

WORK ZONE ENVIRONMENT:

CH-VI- 3 Chapter 6 – EMP Implimentation & Monitoring - Final Report M/s Lal Ferro Alloys Co. (P) Ltd, Vill- Biswasdih, Giridih, Jharkhand Induction Furnace (18000 TPA), Pig Iron (12000 TPA), Hard Coke (15000 TPA)

Fugitive dust emission : 2000 ug/m3 (max) at a distance of 10 m (approx.) from the sources aerial coverage

Noise level : less than 85 dB(A) for a maximum period of 8 hrs exposure

CH-VI- 4 Chapter 6 – EMP Implimentation & Monitoring - Final Report M/s Lal Ferro Alloys Co. (P) Ltd, Vill- Biswasdih, Giridih, Jharkhand Induction Furnace (18000 TPA), Pig Iron (12000 TPA), Hard Coke (15000 TPA)

Environmental Monitoring Program To evaluate the effectiveness of environmental management program, regular monitoring of the significant environmental parameters will be taken up as under SL Schedule & duration of Description of parameters No monitoring 1 AIR QUALITY Stack monitoring and Ambient air quality- monitoring stations will be established inside Half Yearly or as prescribed the factory area as well outside for SPM, RPM, by JSPCB. SO , NOx, CO. Selection of monitoring stations 2 will be done in consultation with State Pollution Control Board. 2 WATER QUALITY Water quality of ground water and Brakar river Physico-chemical and and others will be monitored. Selection of biological toxic metals

monitoring station will be done in consultation yearly or as prescribed by with State Pollution Control Board. JSPCB 3. GROUND WATER LEVEL Through Piezometer yearly Once every 3 months or as 4. FUGITIVE EMISSIONS * prescribed by JSPCB Once every year or as 5. NOISE LEVEL prescribed by JSPCB Every year in dry season, on 6. SOIL QUALITY all plantation areas 7. FLORA & FAUNA Once in 4 years 8. SOCIO-ECONOMIC Once in 4 years

CH-VI- 5 Chapter 6 – EMP Implimentation & Monitoring - Final Report M/s Lal Ferro Alloys Co. (P) Ltd, Vill- Biswasdih, Giridih, Jharkhand Induction Furnace (18000 TPA), Pig Iron (12000 TPA), Hard Coke (15000 TPA)

FUGITIVE EMISSIONS * - monitoring at a distance of 10 m from source SL Area Monitoring Location No 1 Raw material handling area Near boundary of handling area 2 Raw material feed area Proximity of transfer points 3 Product Loading area At prominent location where workers present 4 Slag granulation area Outlet of slag from the furnace Areas as specified by State Pollution Control 5 Other areas Board

STANDARD PROCEDURE FOR AIR QUALITY STUDY Sampled with RDS for known time Suspended period using Glass fiber filter. RPM particulate matter calculated by weight difference IS-5182-PART- 1 (SPM) & Respiratory between final & initial weight of filter IV-1973 Particulate Matter paper. SPM Calculated by wt difference (RPM) of RDS Cup Spectrophotometric - Weast & Geake IS-5182-PART- 2 Sulphur dioxide method II -1969

Nitrogen oxides IS-5182-PART- 3 Griess & Saltzman Method (NOx) VI-1975

METHODS FOR ANALYSIS OF WATER AND WASTEWATER APHA- Parameters Methodology References Colour Visual comparison 2120 –C Conductivity Electrometric 26510-B pH Electrometric 4500 HB+ Total suspended solids Gravimetric 2540-D Total dissolved solids Gravimetric 2540-C Temperature Thermometric 2550-B Turbidity Nephalometric 2130-B Total alkalinity Titrimetric 2320-B BOD 5 Day BOD at 200C 5210-B Chloride Argentometry 4500-Cl Chlorine (residual) Iodometric titration 4500-Cl COD Open reflux 5220-B Dissolved oxygen Azide modification 4500-O-C

CH-VI- 6 Chapter 6 – EMP Implimentation & Monitoring - Final Report M/s Lal Ferro Alloys Co. (P) Ltd, Vill- Biswasdih, Giridih, Jharkhand Induction Furnace (18000 TPA), Pig Iron (12000 TPA), Hard Coke (15000 TPA)

Fluoride SPADNS 4500-F-D Hardness (total & calcium) EDTA-Titrimetric 2340-C

Nitrate nitrogen UV Spectrophotometer 4500-NO3-B

Nitrite nitrogen Colorimeter 4500-NO2-B Oil & grease Partition & Gravimetric 5520-B

Sulphate Gravimetric 4500-SO4-C Arsenic Silver Diethyldithio carbamate 3500-As-B Calcium EDTA-Titrimetric 3500-Ca-B Iron Orthophenonthroline method 3500-Fe-B Magnesium Calculation Method 3500-Mg-B Sodium Flame photometric 3500-Na-B Total Coliform (MPN) MPN method-Mc-Konky broth 9221-B

ANALYTICAL TECHNIQUES FOR SOIL ANALYSIS

SL Parameter Analysis Method No IS :2720 & Methods of Soil Analysis, 1 Texture ( % Sand, % Silt, % Clay) Part – I, 2nd edition, 1986 ( ASA,SSSA) pH (40 % Aqueous Solution, soil- water Methods of soil Analysis Part- 2, 2nd 2 extract) edition, 1982 ( ASA, SSSA ) Methods of soil Analysis, Part -2 2nd 3 Electrical Conductivity edition, 1982 (ASA,SSSA) Methods of soil Analysis Part- 2, 2nd 4 Total Organic Carbon (%) edition, 1982 ( ASA, SSSA ) IS : 2720 & Methods of Soil Analysis, 5 Water Holding Capacity (%) Part – I, 2nd edition, 1986 ( ASA,SSSA) Methods of soil Analysis Part- 2, 2nd 6 Available Nitrogen as N edition, 1982 ( ASA, SSSA ) Methods of soil Analysis, Part -2 2nd 7 Available Phosphorous as P edition, 1982 (ASA,SSSA) Methods of soil Analysis Part- 2, 2nd 8 Available Potassium as K edition, 1982 ( ASA, SSSA ) Methods of soil Analysis, Part -2 2nd 9 Cation Exchange capacity edition, 1982 (ASA,SSSA) Methods of soil Analysis, Part -2 2nd 10 Exchangeable Magnesium as Mg, mg/kg edition, 1982 (ASA,SSSA) Methods of soil Analysis, Part -2 2nd 11 Chloride as Cl, mg/kg edition, 1982 (ASA,SSSA)

CH-VI- 7 Chapter 6 – EMP Implimentation & Monitoring - Final Report M/s Lal Ferro Alloys Co. (P) Ltd, Vill- Biswasdih, Giridih, Jharkhand Induction Furnace (18000 TPA), Pig Iron (12000 TPA), Hard Coke (15000 TPA)

CH-VI- 8 Chapter 6 – EMP Implimentation & Monitoring - Final Report M/s Lal Ferro Alloys Co. (P) Ltd, Vill- Biswasdih, Giridih, Jharkhand Induction Furnace (18000 TPA), Pig Iron (12000 TPA), Hard Coke (15000 TPA)

Compliance Monitoring: Monitoring of compliance conditions specified in the discharge permit for a specific activity. In the case of point sources (i.e. discharge through a stack) these will usually be based on emission limits. However for multiple sources of dust, ambient limits will be more appropriate, at the site boundary and beyond.

One of the most important prerequisite in any monitoring programme design must suit the purpose and objectives of the programme. These will be related to the various monitoring categories described above, and could include the following:

∑ To monitor any impacts arising from an activity and relate them to existing dust levels in the vicinity, and relevant guidelines. ∑ To provide information that would assist in identifying the actual situation and the cause of any complaints. ∑ To monitor a changes in ambient air quality levels over time. This could be important in highlighting the deterioration (or improvements) in dust control practices. ∑ To provide effects data for use in a future application for consent renewal.

6.03 Compliance of CREP Recommendations for iron and steel Plant

SL CREP GUIDELINES ACTION PLANNED No

Fugitive emissions from material handling, Fume Extractor system conveying and screening operations shall be 1 with bag filter have been evacuated in closed systems and extracted by proposed Fabric filters or ESPs or equally effective methods

Pollution control systems shall be operated as an integral part of production to ensure minimum 2 emissions. Timely evacuation of dust (from Dust This shall be complied catchers, ESPs, Bag filter hoppers etc.) shall be routinely organized. Fugitive emissions shall be controlled by Water sprinkling as 3 controlled wetting and /or by the use of crust proposed formers.

CH-VI- 9 Chapter 6 – EMP Implimentation & Monitoring - Final Report M/s Lal Ferro Alloys Co. (P) Ltd, Vill- Biswasdih, Giridih, Jharkhand Induction Furnace (18000 TPA), Pig Iron (12000 TPA), Hard Coke (15000 TPA)

Flue dust, collected within the dust catchers shall 4 be evacuated using closed vessels or employing Shall be complied equally effective methods to minimize fugitive dust.

5 Cooling water shall be recycled and reused Shall be complied Domestic discharges which are not reused, shall 6 meet outfall, only after conforming to the specified Shall be complied effluent discharge standards. The areas where high noise levels persist continuously for a significant period of time like Furnace area, Gas Cleaning Plant area, etc. shall be earmarked as High Noise Zone areas and 7 Shall be complied accordingly it shall be displayed at appropriate places for warning employees. Through Integrated Maintenance Management system, necessary care shall be taken to minimize the noise at these areas. Employees who are continuously exposed to high 8 noise levels shall be provided with earplugs or Shall be complied earmuffs. Appropriate measures shall be taken, so that 9 employees are not getting exposed to higher noise Shall be complied levels for a significant period of time. Noise levels at various areas of the plant shall be 10 Shall be complied regularly monitored and reviewed Areas where continuous exposure cannot be 11 avoided, necessary care shall be taken to insulate Shall be complied them from the surroundings. All efforts shall be made to minimize the generation 12 Shall be complied of wastes and maximize its effective utilization Wherever it becomes unavoidable, except resorting to option of dumping, in such cases, the 13 Shall be complied wastes shall be disposed under controlled conditions. All the wastes from the pollution control systems or 14 treatment units shall be reused or recycled to the Shall be complied extent possible. Disposal of wastes shall be done in such away that 15 the pressure on land and subsequent land Shall be complied contamination shall be minimum.

Monitoring of pollution via seepage/residue to Surface & Ground Water

CH-VI- 10 Chapter 6 – EMP Implimentation & Monitoring - Final Report M/s Lal Ferro Alloys Co. (P) Ltd, Vill- Biswasdih, Giridih, Jharkhand Induction Furnace (18000 TPA), Pig Iron (12000 TPA), Hard Coke (15000 TPA)

There is very limited use of water in the plant. However there may be undesirable leakages/seepages during heavy rains and storm. To check this proper monitoring as below will be taken up. Monitoring of surface & ground water quality will be regularly done as detailed in EMP table of page 5 of this chapter. Precautionary measures will be as below:

Maintenance of Drainage System The effectiveness of the drainage system depends on proper cleaning of all drainage channels. Regular checking will be done to see that none of the drains are clogged due to accumulation of sludge/sediments. The catch-pits linked to the storm water drainage system from the raw material handling areas will be regularly checked and cleaned to ensure their effectiveness. This checking and cleaning will be rigorous during the monsoon season, especially if heavy rains are forecast.

Health Environment Monitoring Schedule The following schedule for medical checkup is proposed: 1 Comprehensive Pre-employment medical check up for all employees. 2 Chest X- Ray once a year for workers in Kiln area and maintenance. 3 Chest X- Ray for all other employees once every 3 years. 4 Lung function test for all employees once every 3 years. 5 Clinical examination of all employees once every year.

Green Belt Development Plan The main objective of the green belt is to provide a barrier between the source of pollution (impact zone) and the surrounding environment. The green belt helps to capture the fugitive emissions and to attenuate the noise generated apart from improving the aesthetics. Development of green belt and other forms of greenery shall also prevent soil erosion and washing away of top soil besides helping in stabilizing the functional ecosystem, make the climate more conducive and restore water balance. Plantation along the boundary will be started simultaneously with construction. Plant species will be selected in consultation with the local DFO. Local Gardner Mali will be engaged for this purpose. Improvements in the green belt and green cover will be done to the best extent possible.

CH-VI- 11 Chapter 6 – EMP Implimentation & Monitoring - Final Report M/s Lal Ferro Alloys Co. (P) Ltd, Vill- Biswasdih, Giridih, Jharkhand Induction Furnace (18000 TPA), Pig Iron (12000 TPA), Hard Coke (15000 TPA)

6.04 Leakage Detection Schedule Equipment will be checked by visual inspection weekly and monitored monthly. If there are indications of liquid dripping from pump seals, a leak is detected. When leak is detected it should be repaired as soon as practicable.

Socio-Economic Development The setting up of the various industries has improved the socio economic conditions in the surrounding area. The present proposal will further improve the infrastructure; economic conditions thus further improve the socio economic development. The communities, which are benefited by the steel plant, are thus one of the key stakeholders for the steel plant. It is suggested that unit should have structured interactions with the community to disseminate the measures taken by the steel plant and also to elicit suggestions for overall improvement for the development of the area.

Progress Monitoring and Reporting Arrangements The rational for a reporting system is based on accountability to ensure that the measures proposed as part of the Environmental Monitoring Plan get implemented in the project. The monitoring and evaluation of the management measures are critical activities in implementation of the project. Monitoring involves periodic checking to ascertain whether activities are going according to the plans. It provides the necessary feedback for the project management to keep the programme on schedule. The rational for a reporting system is based on accountability to ensure that the measures proposed as part of Environmental Management Plan get implemented in the project.

SL Details Indicators Stage Responsibility No A. Pre-Construction Stage: Environmental Management Indicators and Monitoring Plan Suitable location for Dumping Pre- 1 dumping of wastes has to Projects locations construction be identified Suitable location for Construction Pre- 2 Projects construction worker Camps construction

CH-VI- 12 Chapter 6 – EMP Implimentation & Monitoring - Final Report M/s Lal Ferro Alloys Co. (P) Ltd, Vill- Biswasdih, Giridih, Jharkhand Induction Furnace (18000 TPA), Pig Iron (12000 TPA), Hard Coke (15000 TPA)

camps have to be identified (if applicable) and parameters indicative of environment in the area has to be reported

B. Construction Stage: Environmental Management Indicators and Monitoring Plan Dust Suppression at Construction 1 Construction Projects construction site Site Parameters to be monitored as per Projects through 2 frequency, duration & Air Quality Construction approved locations of monitoring as agency specified

B. Construction Stage: Environmental Management Indicators and Monitoring Plan As per Solid Waste generation, Concerned plant 1 guidelines of Operation utilization and dumping units / EMC statutory bodies As per Hazardous waste re- notifications / Concerned plant 2 Operation utilization and disposal statutory units / EMC authorities All parameters Stack Emissions from as specified for Concerned plant 3 Process & de-dusting Operation stacks of units / EMC stacks different units

Efficiency of other general environment control measures 1. The plant is designed for zero discharge of process effluents. It should be regularly monitored and ascertained that there is no discharge of effluents from the plant 2. The domestic discharge is to be discharged through septic tank to soak pits. 3. Rain water harvesting plan should be regularly monitored. Maximum advantage is to be taken to use the rain water for make up cooling water. All drains are to be regularly clearly of silt and the filtration media for dug wells are to be regularly cleaned. 4. Green belt should be taken care of so that all the trees planted are in good condition. The green belt should always be over a minimum of 1/3rd of the plant area. 5. Ambient Air quality should be always maintained within the prescribed level. All

CH-VI- 13 Chapter 6 – EMP Implimentation & Monitoring - Final Report M/s Lal Ferro Alloys Co. (P) Ltd, Vill- Biswasdih, Giridih, Jharkhand Induction Furnace (18000 TPA), Pig Iron (12000 TPA), Hard Coke (15000 TPA)

necessary measures such as water sprinkling, maintenance of roads, handling and processing of raw materials should be done as planned.

6.05 Post Monitoring Of Environment Management System • Examination of all air pollution control system with due respect to its performance regularly. A record shall be maintained and will be shown to regulatory authority as and when required. • Examination and regular cleaning of raw material and chemicals handling area. • Examination of rainwater harvesting systems and storm water drains. • Checking water contamination by drawing regular samples of run off water. Collection and analysis of water samples from Usri River and any other surface water body. • Regular measurement of ground water level and quality. • Checking the quality of air by drawing regular air samples and getting them analyzed. • Maintenance of the record of plantation to monitor plantation scheme, the area of plantation, the observance of growth rate and survival of plants. Observance of growth of fauna in the area. • Sampling for noise pollution inside the plant requiring maintenance, which produce excess noise, and to study likely impact on workers.

Table: 6 - 02 AREA WISE NOISE QUALITY STANDARD (CPCB, JULY 2000)

LIMIT IN dB(A) Leq CATEGORY OF AREA CODE AREA DAY TIME NIGHT TIME (6 AM TO 9PM) (9PM TO 6 AM)

A Industrial Area 75 70

B Commercial Area 65 55

C Residential Area 55 45

CH-VI- 14 Chapter 6 – EMP Implimentation & Monitoring - Final Report M/s Lal Ferro Alloys Co. (P) Ltd, Vill- Biswasdih, Giridih, Jharkhand Induction Furnace (18000 TPA), Pig Iron (12000 TPA), Hard Coke (15000 TPA)

D Silence Zone 50 40

Note Silence zone is defined as areas upto 100 meters around such premises as hospitals, educational institutions and courts. The silence zone are to be declared by the competent authority.

Mixed categories of areas should be declared as one of the four above mentioned categories by the competent authority and the corresponding standard shall apply.

PERMISIBLE NOISE EXPOSURE FOR INDUSTRIAL WORKERS

Exposure time (in hours per day) Limit in dB (A) 8 90 4 93 2 96 1 99 ½ 102 ¼ 105 1/8 108 1/16 111 1/32 114 (2 minutes or less)

CH-VI- 15 Chapter 6 – EMP Implimentation & Monitoring - Final Report M/s Lal Ferro Alloys Co. (P) Ltd, Vill- Biswasdih, Giridih, Jharkhand Induction Furnace (18000 TPA), Pig Iron (12000 TPA), Hard Coke (15000 TPA)

DISCHARGE WATER STANDARD FROM VARIOUS SOURCES PARAMETERS MOEF CPCB CPCB CPCB Inland Land for Public UNITS Class-A surface irrigatio sewers Physical water n Unobjectiona

1 Colour Hazen Units ble 2 pH 5.5-9.0 5.5-9.0 5.5-9.0 5.5-9.0 3 Total Suspended Solids mg / L 100 100 600 200 4 Total Dissolved Solids mg / L 2100 2100 2100 Chemical 1 Ammonia mg / L 50 5.00 - - 2 Ammoniacal Nitrogen mg / L 50 50 50 - 3 BOD mg / L 30 30.00 350 100 4 Chloride mg / L 1000 1000 600 5 Chlorine (Residual) mg / L 1.00 1.00 - - 6 COD mg / L 250 250 - - 7 Cyanide mg / L 0.20 2.00 0.20 8 Fluoride mg / L 2.00 2.00 15.00 - 9 Kjeldahl Nitrogen (total) mg / L 100 100 - - 10 Nitrate Nitrogen mg / L 10.00 11 Oil & Grease mg / L 10.00 10.00 20.00 10.00 12 Phosphate mg / L 5.00 5.00 - - 13 Sulphate mg / L 1000 1000 1000 14 Sulphide mg / L 2.00 2.00 - - Metals 1 Arsenic mg / L 0.20 0.20 0.20 0.20 2 Boron mg / L 2.00 2.00 2.00 3 Cadmium mg / L 2.00 2.00 1.00 - 4 Chromium (as Cr6- ) mg / L 0.10 0.10 2.00 - 5 Copper mg / L 3.00 3.00 3.00 - 6 Iron mg / L 3.00 7 Lead mg / L 0.10 0.10 1.00 - 8 Manganese mg / L 2.00 9 Mercury mg / L 0.01 0.01 0.01 - 10 Zinc mg / L 5.00 5.00 15.00 - Organics 1 Hydrocarbons mg / L 2 Phenols mg / L 1.00 1.00 5.00 -

CH-VI- 16 Chapter 6 – EMP Implimentation & Monitoring - Final Report M/s Lal Ferro Alloys Co. (P) Ltd, Vill- Biswasdih, Giridih, Jharkhand Induction Furnace (18000 TPA), Pig Iron (12000 TPA), Hard Coke (15000 TPA)

Estimated Capital Investment & Recurring Cost for Implementation of EMP

For Existing For Proposed SL No Capital Recurring Capital Recurring ITEM DESCRIPTION Investment cost/year Investment cost/year (Rs.Lacs) (Rs. Lacs) (Rs. Lacs) (Rs.Lacs) Air Pollution Control Integral part of 1 8.50 12.00 4.50 System for MBF MBF + 5.25 Water Sprinkling 2 1.70 0.85 0.85 0.20 System Disposal of Solid 3 - 2.50 - 4.25 wastes Green Belt 4 2.50 0.75 1.00 0.30 Development 5 Rain Water Harvesting 4.75 0.60 1.05 0.50 TOTAL 14.20 13.20 14.90 9.75

ESTIMATED COST OF ENVIRONMENT MONITORING SL Environment Monitoring Frequency Annual Cost No Parameter 1 Stack Monitoring Half Yearly 10,000.00

2 Fugitive Monitoring Quarterly 30,000.00

3 Ambient Air Quality Monitoring Half Yearly 30,000.00

4 Water Quality monitoring yearly 5,000.00

5 Noise Quality Monitoring Yearly 3,000.00

6 Soil Quality Monitoring yearly 5,000.00

Total Rs. 83,000,00

CH-VI- 17 Chapter 7 – Additional Studies - Final Report M/s Lal Ferro Alloys Co. (P) Ltd, Vill- Biswasdih, Giridih, Jharkhand Induction Furnace (18000 TPA), Pig Iron (12000 TPA), Hard Coke (15000 TPA)

CHAPTER – 7 ADDITIONAL STUDIES

7.1 PUBLIC CONSULTATION This Environmental Impact Assessment has been prepared as per approved Terms of Reference received from Ministry of Environment & Forests vide letter F. No. J-11011 /537/2009 -IA-II-(I) for 12000 TPA Pig Iron & 15000 Hard Coke and 18000 TPA Induction Furnace Plant at Village Biswasdih, P.O. Gadi Srirampur Dt: Giridih, Jharkhand. This draft EIA/EMP will be submitted to Jharkhand State Pollution Control Board for public consultation as per provisions of EIA Notification 2006.

Minutes of the Public Hearing Proceeding of the Public Hearing conducted on 22.01.2013 at – Upgraded Primary School, Bishwasdih for the Environmental Clearance of proposed project (Pig Iron- 12000 ton/ year, Hard Coke- 15000 ton/ year and M.S. Ingots- 18000 ton/year) of M/s Lal Ferro Alloys Company Private Limited, Bishwasdih, PO- Gadi Srirampur, Dist.- Giridih. 1. Public Hearing for the proposed project (Pig Iron- 12000 ton/year, Hard Coke – 15000 ton/year and M.S. Ingots- 18000 ton/year) of aforesaid unit was conducted under the chairmanship of Smt. S. Kiro, Addl. Deputy Collector, Dist.- Giridih on 22.01.2013 at Upgraded Primary school, Bishwasdih, PO- Gadi Srirampur, Dist.- Giridih, in which Sri Ravindra Prasad, Regional Officer, Hazaribagh, Sri Mithilesh Jha, Scientific Assistant, Ranchi (Head Quarter) and Sri Ram Pravesh Kumar, Junior Environmental Engineer, Hazaribagh took part on behalf of Jharkhand State Pollution Control Board. Sri Ravindra Prasad, Regional Officer conducted the public hearing. 2. Officers of M/s Lal Ferro Alloys Company Private Limited & villagers especially from Bishwasdih, Turukdiha, Chatatand, Tikodih, Udnabad, Burdhiadih, Purnanagar, Mohanpur, Kulchi etc. villages took part in the public hearing. 3. Sri. Rakesh Kumar, Manager, presented the executive summary on behalf of M/s Lal Ferro Alloys Co. Pvt. Ltd. in which along with the established units Mini Blast Furnace of 1x23 m3 capacity for production of 12000 ton per year of Pig Iron and hard coke plant (24 Ovens) for production of 15000 ton per annum of hard coke, addition of an induction furnace of 1x6 ton capacity is proposed. Raw materials required for Pig Iron per year will be 19200 tons of Iron Ore, 9000 tons of Coke, 1200 tons of Dolomite, 1500 tons of Lime Stone 480 tons of Magnesium Ore, for Hard Coke 18700 tons per annum of coal and for M.S. Billets per year 12000

CH-VII- 1 Chapter 7 – Additional Studies - Final Report M/s Lal Ferro Alloys Co. (P) Ltd, Vill- Biswasdih, Giridih, Jharkhand Induction Furnace (18000 TPA), Pig Iron (12000 TPA), Hard Coke (15000 TPA)

tons of Pig Iron, 9000 tons of Sponge Iron and 2160 tons of iron scrap will be required. The unit is on 11.57 acres of non- forest land. Water consumed in the unit for industrial as well as domestic purposes will be 160 KL per day which will be sourced from ground water. The effluents from industrial purposes will be kept in closed circuit, thus the unit will be based on zero discharge. For control of air pollution, fume extractor with bag filters in the induction furnace, bag filter with the gas cleaning plant of Mini Blast Furnace and in the hard coke plant double tunnel system with wet scrubber in the chimney will be established height of chimneys attached to the bag filter with the fume extractor of induction furnace and bag filter with gas cleaning plant of Pig Iron will be 30 m each and height of chimney attached to hard coke plant will be 40 m. the B.F. Slag produced by the Pig Iron plant shall be sold to cement plant and the induction furnace slag shall be used for land filling. Green belt will be done over 3.95 acres of land which will be within the premises. 4. On behalf of the villagers Sri Gopal Kumar, Sri Kunal Kumar Sinha, Sri Vishweshwar Pathak, Sri Rajeev Sinha, Sri Ram Ratan Pathak; Village- Vishwasdih, Sri Vinod Kumar Mishra, Sri Budhan Malah, Sri Vinod Yadav, Sri Sanju Deva; Village- Turukdiha, Sri Ranjeet Kumar, Sri Anand Kumar Ray; Village- Chatatand, Sri Bihari Sav, Sri Arun Kumar Sav, Sri Dinesh Kumar Sinha, Sri Vinod Kumar Sav, Sri Rajendra Bayan; Village- Tikodih, Sri Dinu Marik; Village- Udanabad, Sri Subhash Lal; Village- Burdiyadih, Sri Rameshwar Tiwari, Sri Vinod Ray, Sri Subhash Ray, Sri Nawal Kishor Sav; Village- Purna nagar, Sri Ranjeet Kumar Yadav (Head Representative), Sri Madhu Sharma, Sri Rupesh Kumar Gupta; Village- Mohanpur, Sri Tulsi Turi (Labour Union Secretary); Village- Kulchi reacted on the impacts posed upon this area due to establishment of the aforesaid unit, after finishing the executive summary of environmental impact assessment due to the aforesaid unit. 5. Detailed discussion was done regarding the expectations of villagers such as no discharge of polluted water outside the premises, installation and working of necessary equipments to control air pollution, to do water sprinkling on the path of transportation, tree plantation and proper maintenance of vehicles to control noise pollution, to provide ear plugs to workers and to resolve public issues as per the law. 6. As per the expectation of the villagers, priority in employment, medical facility, help in education, drinking water facility and plan of other basic facilities are included in the project management. 7. On behalf of Lal Ferro Alloys Company Private Limited, authorized representative Sri Anil Kumar Singh, Technical Advisor, gave assurance that as per the expectations of the villagers, necessary equipments would be installed and

CH-VII- 2 Chapter 7 – Additional Studies - Final Report M/s Lal Ferro Alloys Co. (P) Ltd, Vill- Biswasdih, Giridih, Jharkhand Induction Furnace (18000 TPA), Pig Iron (12000 TPA), Hard Coke (15000 TPA)

worked on to control pollution along with keeping the environment clean, drinking water facility, education, necessary help in arrangement of health facilities and according to the requirement priority in employment will be given to the local people on the basis of qualification. Also he gave assurance to settle the problems/suggestions raised by villagers and other social issue as per the law. 8. Smt. S.Kiro, Deputy Collector, Giridih in her chairperson’s address appreciated the villagers for peacefully listening to the executive summary of proposed project of the management and also their ideas/ demands/ suggestions etc. In addition she also directed the management to take necessary steps to control pollution and settle the questions/ suggestions/ demands etc as per the law as far as possible. 9. List of officer and villagers present, C.D. of video recording of the public hearing and questions/answers is enclosed for easy reference.

S. Name and Questions/ Suggestions/ Answers/ Solutions N Address of Issues o Present Villagers 1. Sri Gopal Kumar, He expressed his worries The unit management Bishwasdih regarding the negative said that necessary impact on nearby agricultural equipments will be land and wanted to know installed in the unit for how water and air pollution control of air pollution would not affect the farming. and the unit will reuse the water which means the unit is based on zero discharge. Thus farming in the surroundings would not be affected. 2. Sri Kunal Kumar He does not feel that the The unit management Sinha, information pertaining to said that the dust Bishwasdih water and air quality given accumulated on leaves during the executive may also be due to summary is correct. Dust plying of heavy vehicles accumulated on leaves of on bad roads. surrounding trees would give Information given in the a clear picture of pollution. executive summary is true.

CH-VII- 3 Chapter 7 – Additional Studies - Final Report M/s Lal Ferro Alloys Co. (P) Ltd, Vill- Biswasdih, Giridih, Jharkhand Induction Furnace (18000 TPA), Pig Iron (12000 TPA), Hard Coke (15000 TPA)

3. Sri Vinod Kumar Management for water, air Management agrees Mishra, and noise pollution must be with him. Bishwasdih done; the villagers must get preference in employment, help in education and medical facilities. 4. Sri Vishweshwar He said, addressing to the Management assured to Pathak, officers and villagers present install and operate the Vishwasdih in the executive summary unit with pollution control that the China Plant (M/s systems. Atibir Inds. Co. Ltd., Unit- 2) established in this area already creates lots of noise pollution, water pollution and air pollution. Public hearing was done for that too but it was not followed. I request to make improvement in this plant, on basis of which this unit shall be permitted with the pollution control systems. 5. Sri Ranjeet He said that pollution will Management agrees Kumar, take place on setting up of with him. Chatatand plant but I say that due to water, air & noise pollution, our farm should not get polluted. 6. Sri Anand Kumar It is good that Lal Ferro Plant The management Ray, Chatatand is being set up. We must get assured of priority in employment. We welcome employment to the local the company. people on the basis of qualification and as per requirement. 7. Sri Bihari Sav, He said, addressing to the Management agrees Tikodih executive summary that the with him. plant is going to set up in our village; more and more plantation must be done to stop pollution. The water in well looks polluted, hand pumps must be set up. 8. Sri Arun Kumar Everybody said everything, Management agrees Sav, Tikodih plantation must be done, with him. unemployed must get

CH-VII- 4 Chapter 7 – Additional Studies - Final Report M/s Lal Ferro Alloys Co. (P) Ltd, Vill- Biswasdih, Giridih, Jharkhand Induction Furnace (18000 TPA), Pig Iron (12000 TPA), Hard Coke (15000 TPA)

employment, unhealthy people must be helped for treatment, youngsters must be made responsible, hand pumps must be set up. 9. Sri Dinesh Kumar There a big problem of Necessary Sinha, Tikodih drinking water, company arrangements shall be must do deep boring. done for drinking water Pollution is being done by the facility. Ground water factory, water level is table would be dropping down and children maintained by rain water take birth with deformities. harvesting. 10 Sri Rajeev Sinha There is a lot of pollution in The unit management . Vishwasdih this area; the villagers are said that rain water obliged to sell their land harvesting would be because there is no facility of done so as to maintain irrigation for farming. The the ground water table; factories make deep boring complete arrangements of over 1000 feet. We shall be done for request A.D.C. madam to pollution control. either let the factory settle here or the population. Dust of sponge iron keeps entering into the houses. 11 Sri Dinu Marik, The main problem is not due Management agrees . Udnabad, to setting up of plant rather with him. The height of due to small chimneys that chimney would be kept create a lot of pollution, the as per the norms of chimneys should be high to Central Pollution Control reduce pollution and Board and all necessary arrangements for arrangements for pollution control must be pollution control would done. be done. 12 Sri Subhash Lal, Necessary arrangements for Management agrees . Burdhiadih pollution control must be with him. done; people must get proper benefit of employment, education and health. 13 Sri Rameshwar There is a rice mill opened in Management said that . Tiwari, our area, movement to any his question is not Purnanagar place has become difficult related to my unit. due to the polluted water from it. 14 Sri Vinod Kumar The workers in the unit must Management agrees . Sav, Tikodih get security cover of pension with him. The workers

CH-VII- 5 Chapter 7 – Additional Studies - Final Report M/s Lal Ferro Alloys Co. (P) Ltd, Vill- Biswasdih, Giridih, Jharkhand Induction Furnace (18000 TPA), Pig Iron (12000 TPA), Hard Coke (15000 TPA)

and P.F. Necessary would be paid as per the arrangements must be done norms and complete to control pollution of all arrangements for types from the unit. pollution control would be done. 15 Sri Vinod Ray, The unit must set up, there is Management agrees . Purnanagar no problem. Arrangements with him. for pollution control must be done. 16 Sri Subhash Ray, He said that the pollution is Management agrees . Purnanagar not that big a problem as is with him. unemployment. Villagers must get employment as well as arrangement for pollution control must be done. 17 Sri Budhan The road is unconstructed. Management agrees . Malah, Turukdiha Water sprinkling must be with him. done on the road. Villagers must get drinking water facility. 18 Sri Rupesh Chimney must be high, which Management agrees . Kumar Gupta, does not create pollution. with him. Mohanpur Preference in employment to local people. Medical facility must be provided. 19 Sri Nawal Kishor No one is dying due to Environmental pollution . Sav, Purnanagar environmental pollution. would be controlled Most of them are dying due along with providing unemployment. Employment employment to local must provide. people on the basis of qualification and as per requirement. 20 Sri Rajendra When there were no plants Management agrees . Bayan, Tikodih here, people were dependent with him. on farming. Plants have been set and pollution has risen. Pollution must be controlled. Drinking water facility must be provided. 21 Sri Ranjeet Arrangements for drinking People from . Kumar Yadav water have not been made surroundings will be (Mukhiya), by the unit. There is pollution provided with drinking Mohanpur all around. No water facility under advertisements have been company CSR. made. Agriculture is not Advertisements have

CH-VII- 6 Chapter 7 – Additional Studies - Final Report M/s Lal Ferro Alloys Co. (P) Ltd, Vill- Biswasdih, Giridih, Jharkhand Induction Furnace (18000 TPA), Pig Iron (12000 TPA), Hard Coke (15000 TPA)

taking place. Water level is been done according to dropping down. People are the rules. dying in the age of 50-60 only. 22 Sri Ram Ratan The plant will be at 500 Arrangement shall be . Pathak, meters from population. We done to minimize noise Bishwasdih cannot believe that the noise pollution. Water in the pollution will be under control river will remain normal. or water from the river will be good to drink, as is written in the executive summary. 23 Sri Madhu There are many sponge iron Management agrees . Sharma, in the surroundings. with him. Pollution Mohanpur Equipments for pollution control equipment shall control have been installed be installed and also but the unit management kept operational. Water does not operate it. No sprinkling will be done sprinkling of water being on roads. done on the road. We request to sprinkle water on roads. Medical facility must be provided. Equipments installed for pollution control must be operated. 24 Sri Tulsi Turi So many protests have been Management agrees . (Labour Union done against pollution but with him. Secretary), Kulchi there is no development. Pollution control must be done. 25 Sri Vinod Yadav, Not just one but two plants Management agrees . Turukdiha should be set up to provide with him. people with employment, medical and drinking water facilities etc. 26 Smt. Sanju Devi, The plant must not be set up All necessary . Mukhiya, near the school. The arrangement for pollution Turukdiha condition of roads is worse. It control would be done. is good that the plant is setting up. Necessary arrangements must be made for pollution control.

CH-VII- 7 Chapter 7 – Additional Studies - Final Report M/s Lal Ferro Alloys Co. (P) Ltd, Vill- Biswasdih, Giridih, Jharkhand Induction Furnace (18000 TPA), Pig Iron (12000 TPA), Hard Coke (15000 TPA)

7.2 RISK ASSESMENT AND MITIGATION Industrial process & activities inherently pose hazards. There may be possible hazards to human beings, flora-fauna, all forms of property and the environment as a whole. Extreme care is essential in handling all of them in various stages of manufacture viz. processing, treatment etc. The Management aims at full preparedness to meet effectively the eventualities resulting from any unfortunate occurrence of chemical / fuel hazards / accidents.

Definition of Environment Risk The following terms related to environment risk are defined as:

Harm Damage to the persons

Something with the potential to cause harm: this could be characteristic of material being possessed or malfunction of Hazard equipment. An environment hazard is thus going to be a set of circumstance which leads to the direct or indirect degradation of environment and damage to the life and property. The probability of the harm or likelihood of harmful occurrence Risk being released and its severity. Environment risk is a measure of the potential threats to the environment, life and property. Effect due to occurrence of the event which may endanger the Consequence environment permanently or temporarily and/or loss of life and property Environmental The consequence is so severe that it can extensively damage any one or all four components of the environment namely disaster physicochemical, biological, human and aesthetic.

7.3 PROBABLE EMERGENCIES AT PLANT SITE

(1) Fire and explosion Hazard: (a) In fuel storage and generator room (b) In furnace area (c) In laboratory and other raw material storage areas

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(2) Hazard due to collapse of building, heavy structure of plant machineries: (a) Of structures of sheds. (b) Of storage vessels. (c) Of buildings etc.

ON-SITE EMERGENCY PLAN The Management of Swati Sponge & Iron Private Limited has a moral and legal obligation to prevent and control hazards and to provide safe and healthy working environment to all the employees. The project proponent will adopt the policy set- out below for the purpose of creating and maintaining a safe and healthy environment. Main objectives of the “On Site Emergency Plan” proposed by the proponent are as follows: (a) To protect the persons and property of factory in case of all kind of hazards. (b) To inform people and surrounding about those headings, if it is likely to adversely affect them. (c) To inform authorities including helping agencies (Doctors, Fire service, police, transport, etc.) in advance and at the time of actual happenings. (d) To identify, assess, foresee and work out various kind of possible hazards.

Planned Action The following actions will be taken to meet with the emergency situations. In case of fire or explosion: i) Fire hydrants and fire extinguishers will be provided at suitable locations all over the plant and refilled periodically. ii) Full fledge security department will be maintained under the supervision of security supervisor. iii) All the watch and ward staff will be trained in the fire fighting operations and periodic drills carried out. iv) First-aid boxes will be provided at required locations in the plant.

Other Premonitory Actions (1) All the areas of potential hazards in the plant will be declared as Prohibited and

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“No Smoking Zone”. (2) A siren will be provided in the plant to alert the employees and nearby residency in case of accidents/emergency. (3) A group of employees from all departments will be specially trained for First Aid by company. (4) Services of Government Hospital and other hospitals at Giridih will be available, if required. (5) Lightening arrestors will be provided on all the tall building of the plant. (6) A list of external telephone numbers which are likely to be needed in case of an emergency will be displayed in the Office at prominent place.

OFF-SITE EMERGENCY PLAN The off-site emergency plan is an integral part of any major hazard control system. It should be based on those accidents identified by the works management, which could affect people and the environment outside the works. The responsibility for the off-site plan will be likely to rest either with the works management or with the local authority. Main objectives of the “Off-Site Emergency Plan” proposed by the proponent are as follows: Organization Details of command structure, warning systems, implementation procedures, emergency control centers Names and appointments of incident controller, site main controller, their deputies and other key personnel.

Communications Identification of personnel involved, communication center, call signs, network, list of telephone numbers.

Humanitarian arrangements Transport, evacuation centers, emergency feeding, treatment of injured, first aid, ambulances, temporary mortuaries.

Public information

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Arrangements for (a) dealing with the media-press office, and (b) informing relatives, etc

Assessment Arrangements for (a) collecting information on the causes of the emergency (b) reviewing the efficiency and effectiveness of all aspects of the emergency plan

Role of major hazard works management The role of works management in off-site emergency planning will be to establish liaison with those preparing the plans and to provide information appropriate to such plans. Advice should be provided by works management to all the outside organizations, which may become involved in handling the emergency off-site and which will need previously to have familiarized themselves with some of the technical aspects of the works activities, e.g. emergency services, medical departments etc.

Role of the Fire authorities The control of a fire normally will be the responsibility of the senior fire brigade officer on arrival at the site. The senior fire brigade officer may also have a similar responsibility for other events, such as explosions and toxic releases. Fire authorities having major works in their area should have familiarized themselves with the location on site of all stores of flammable materials, water and foam supply point and fire-fighting equipments.

Role of the health authorities Health authorities, including doctors, surgeons, hospitals ambulances and so on, have a vital part to play following a major accident and they should forms an integral part of any emergency plan. For major fires, injuries will be the result of the effects of thermal radiation to a varying degree and the knowledge and experience to handle this in all, but extreme, cases may be generally available in most hospitals.

Role of the Government safety authority

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There will be the factory inspectorate in most places. Inspectors are likely to want to satisfy themselves that the organization responsible for including the off-site plan has made adequate arrangements for handling emergencies of all types including major emergencies.

In the event of an accident, local arrangements regarding the role of the factory inspector will apply in the aftermath; factory inspectors may wish to ensure that the affected areas are rehabilitated safety.

The Disaster Management Plan in the above lines will be prepared and finalized once the plant will be operational.

Hazard analysis involves the identification and quantification of the various hazards (unsafe conditions) that exist in the plant. On the other hand, risk analysis deals with the identification and quantification of risks; the plant equipment and personnel are exposed to, due to accidents resulting from the hazards present in the plant. 1. EMERGENCY: An Emergency may lead to or cause large-scale damage or destruction of life, property or environment within or out side the Factory

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2. NATURE OF EMERGENCY The risk/emergency refers to occurrence of one or more of the following: a. Fire/Explosion. b. Major accident such as structural or building collapse, overturning of road tanker containing flammable substances. c. Natural calamities like storm, flood, earthquake, etc. d. Sabotage act of terrorism, civil commotion, air raid etc.

3. IDENTIFICATION OF RISK/HAZARDOUS AREAS: PROBABLE CAUSE OF THE HAZARD AREA ACCIDENT Boilers/Transformers/ Receivers Malfunctioning of the Safety Valve for the Air compressors Explosion Flammable Petroleum Product External fire causing pressure built Storage Tank / Drum Storage up in the tanks / barrels area Flammable vapor / air mixture and Coal/H.S.D./FO/Oxygen Storage source of ignition. Area Formation on pool in the dyke wall Fire Flammable Petroleum Product and source of ignition. Storage Tank / Drum Storage Shed External fire →→→ Built up of internal / Production Area pressure →→→ Failure of the top cover →→→ Tank on Fire Spurting of Hot metal/steel due to improper handling and Spillage of Spillage/ Hot metal, Steel / Acid / Alkali Acid / Alkali due to rupture of the Spurting Storage pipe line, collapse of the storage tank

CONTROL MEASURES ‹ The plant will be designed and equipped to handle hazardous chemical and processes and operations.

‹ The plant will be provided with standard fire fighting equipments and in-built safety system.

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‹ In addition to this adequate types and number of Personal Protective Equipments, First Aid Boxes, Eye washers, Ventilation system will be provided to take care of any abnormal condition leading to any disaster.

‹ Preparation and implementation of on-site DMP for the following objective

a) To control, localize and if possible eliminate the emergency. b) To avoid confusion, panic and to handle the emergency with clear cut actions. c) To minimize loss of life and property to the plant as well as to the neighborhood. d) To make head count and carry out rescue operations. e) To treat the injured persons. f) To preserve records and to take steps to prevent recurrence. g) To restore normalcy.

7.4 SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT Social Impact Assessment can be defined in terms of efforts to assess or estimate, in advance, the social consequences that are likely to follow specific policy actions (including programs and the adoption of new policies), and specific government actions. It is a process that provides a framework for prioritizing, gathering, analyzing, and incorporating social information and participation into the design and delivery of developmental interventions. It ensures that development interventions: (i) are informed and take into account the key relevant social issues; and (ii) incorporate a participation strategy for involving a wide range of stakeholders. The Link between Environmental Impact Assessment and Social Impact Assessment Impacts on the social environment resemble bio-physical impacts in several ways.

• Social and biophysical impacts can vary in desirability, ranging from the desirable to the adverse.

• They also vary in scale-the question of whether a facility will create how many jobs, for example, or will have the potential to spill 50 or 1000 gallons of toxic

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waste.

• Another consideration involves the extent of du-ration of impacts in time and space. Like bio-physical impacts, some social impacts can be of short duration, while others can last a lifetime; and some communities "return to normal" quite quickly once a source of disruption is removed, while other do not.

• Social impacts can also vary in intensity or severity, a dimension that is defined differently in different project settings, just as an objective biophysical impact might have a minor effect on populations in one location, while amounting to significant fraction of the remaining population in another location.

• Similarly, there are differences in the degree to which both type of impacts are likely to be cumulative, at one extreme, or mutually counter-balancing, at the other.

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Stage in Project/Policy

All projects and policies go through a series of steps or stages, starting with initial planning, then implementation and construction, carrying through to operation and maintenance. At some point the project might be abandoned or decommissioned, or official policy could change. Social impacts will be different for each stage. Scoping of issues prior to analysis may lead the assessor to focus only on one stage. For example, one community might be concerned about public reaction resulting from initial siting of a hazardous waste disposal facility; another with the construction aspects of reservoirs; and a third might be faced with a change in the designation of adjacent public land from timber production to wilderness use. The specific stage in life of the project or policy is an important factor in determining effects. Not all social impacts occur at each stage.

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Social Impact Assessment Variables

Social impact assessment variables point to measurable change in human population, communities, and social relationships resulting from a development project or policy change. After research on local community change, rural industrialization, reservoir and highway development, natural resource development, and social change the list of social variables are 1. Population Characteristics mean present population and expected change, ethnic and racial diversity, and influxes and outflows of temporary residents as well as the arrival of seasonal or leisure residents. 2. Community and Institutional Structures mean the size, structure, and level of organization of local government including linkages to the larger political systems. They also include historical and present patterns of employment and industrial diversification, the size and level of activity of voluntary associations, religious organizations and interests groups, and finally, how these institutions relate to each other. 3. Political and Social Resources refer to the distribution of power authority, the interested and affected publics, and the leadership capability and capacity within the community or region. 4. Individual and Family Changes refer to factors which influence the daily life of the individuals and families, including attitudes, perceptions, family characteristics and friend-ship networks. These changes range from attitudes toward the policy to an alteration in family and friendship networks to perceptions of risk, health, and safety. 5. Community Resources include patterns of natural resource and land use; the availability of housing and community services to include health, police and fire protection and sanitation facilities. A key to the continuity and survival of human communities are their historical and cultural resources. Under this collection of variables we also consider possible changes for indigenous people and religious sub-cultures.

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The social impact study of the proposed Project area, therefore, is taken up with the following objectives: 1) To assess socio-economic status of the people of the Project affected villages. 2) To prepare a general demographic profile of the Project affected villages. 3) To assess the existing resources (natural and common property) and possible impact on them. 4) To examine the pros and cons of the Project on social and economic lives of the people due to displacement and alienation of their agricultural lands and other means of livelihood. 5) To assess socio-economic growth profiles and growth potentials of the area. 6) To understand the mood, perception, demand, and extent of preparedness of the people towards the Project. 7) To evolve preliminary suggestions and guidelines for a systematic resettlement and rehabilitation of the Project affected people.

The prevailing status of human environment in the study area comprising demographic profile, infrastructure, socio-economic conditions and lifestyle as detailed in Chapter 3 is outlined below:

Percent of male : 50.11 % Percent of female: 49.89 %

Caste Composition: The Caste composition is given below:

Proportion of SC Population 10.41 % Proportion of ST Population 3.18% General Population 86.41 %

Literacy: Literacy rate as per 2001 Census in the study shows general growth as compared to 1991 data. Overall the level of literacy is good. Female literacy is generally lower in

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comparison to male literacy.

Literacy rate : 73.16 %

Infrastructure: The area is well connected with State Highway linking Giridih & Dhanbad. The nearest railway station is Giridih. Dug wells / Tube wells are source of drinking water for the villagers. Public conveyances and Communication facilities viz. Telephone, etc are available on the highway.

Industries in the area: Industries close to the plant site are Sponge Iron, Coke Plant, Refractory etc found in the study area.

Medical facilities: Major Medical facilities are available at Giridih.

Electricity: Electricity facility is available in most of the villages and all other major locations of the area.

Education facility: Primary school is available at all villages, while secondary schools are available at Giridih. Overall the condition of education facilities is average.

7.5 OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH AND SAFETY Some workplace hazards have the potential to cause so much injury or disease that specific regulations or codes of practice are warranted. These regulations and codes, adopted under state and territory OH & S Acts, explain the duties of particular groups of people in controlling the risks associated with specific hazards. Codes of Practice provide advice on how to meet regulatory requirements. As such, codes are not legally enforceable, but they can be used in courts as evidence that legal requirements have or have not been met.

Safety in the workplace is critical to the success of running a business, no matter what size it is. As a small business owner one has certain rights and responsibilities regarding health and safety in the workplace. Even without any employees, one must

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ensure that the business doesn’t create health and safety problems for the customers and the general public.

All safety gears will be provided to workers and care will be taken by EMC that these are used properly by them. All safety norms will be followed.

Health monitoring or health surveillance at work site is an integral component of health promotion (HP). As per the amendments in 1987 to the Factories Act, more and more vigilance is required to keep track of the health of the employees working in hazardous operations. Health monitoring is the forerunner of all HP activities. In today’s

Fig: Elements of Occupational Health & Safety

Occupational health practice, factory medical officers have the daunting task of promoting the health of employees in industry. Health promotion concept incorporates programmes of health monitoring of employees exposed to potential hazards, general health screening, hypertension, diabetes control programmes, nutrition surveillance programme, stress management programme, fitness programme, etc. Irrespective of the type of HP programme, its potential benefits are plenty. Improvement in productivity is achieved by reducing absenteeism, improving morale of employees, improvement in the ability of performance and developing higher quality staff. HP concept establishes the fact that the organisation has concern for the health and welfare of its employees. The supervision of the health of workers is specifically carried out by means of medical check-up. This check-up varies according to whether it is a preemployment medical examination, a periodic medical examination or a special check-up following long periods of illness

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or injury. Such periodic tests have become particularly important today because these tests help us to diagnose the earliest deviations in health and permit prevention of illness. Chronic diseases such as hypertension, diabetes can be detected at an early stage. Thus, occupational health service is able to supervise an important sector of the population but the supervision takes place on the spot, thus making it possible to protect and improve workers health without incurring loss of time or absenteeism which would be the case if they had to go to health centres for that purpose.

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Occupational Health Monitoring

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OCCUPATIONAL HAZARDS – proposal for surveillance The choice and the implementation of specific measures for preventing workplace injury and ill health in the work-force of the iron and steel industry depend on the recognition of the principal hazards, and the anticipated injuries and diseases, ill health and incidents. Below are the most common causes of injury and illness in the iron and steel industry: ° slips, trips and falls on the same level; falls from height; unguarded machinery; falling objects; ° engulfment; working in confined spaces; moving machinery, on-site transport, forklifts and cranes; ° exposure to controlled and uncontrolled energy sources; exposure to mineral wools and fibres; inhalable agents (gases, vapours, dusts and fumes); ° skin contact with chemicals (irritants (acids, alkalis), solvents and sensitizers); contact with hot metal; ° fire and explosion; extreme temperatures; radiation (non-ionizing, ionizing); ° noise and vibration; electrical burns and electric shock; ° manual handling and repetitive work; failures due to automation; ergonomics; ° lack of OSH training; poor work organization; ° inadequate accident prevention and inspection; inadequate emergency first-aid and rescue facilities; lack of medical facilities and social protection ° Iron & steel industry generates dust during its operation and transportation. Iron & steel industry dust may cause obstructive lung disease, pneumoconiosis, silicosis etc. in the long run. ° Dust may enter into the systemic circulation and thereby reach the essentially all the organs of body and affects the different tissues. ° Working near heavy noise generating equipments may cause hearing and blood pressure related diseases ° Continuous working and improper working position leading to pain & exhaustion.

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EMP for work environment & occupational health The iron and steel industry uses a range of furnaces. For iron-making operations, the essential feature is the blast furnace and/or DRI kiln. For steel-making essential feature is the induction furnace – casting and captive power. Furnaces may cause glare that can injure the eyes unless suitable eye protection is provided and worn. Manual operations, such as furnace bricklaying, and hand-arm vibration from using pneumatic tools and grinders may cause ergonomic problems.

° Only authorized persons should be allowed near furnaces. ° There should be suitable and sufficient general and local exhaust ventilation with dust- and fume-collecting devices incorporated into the design of the exhaust ventilation systems. The effectiveness and adequacy of general and local exhaust- ventilation systems to remove fumes and gases from the furnace area should be tested regularly. Collection bags for dusts should be replaced when indicated. ° Ultraviolet (UV) and/or infrared light-resistant goggles or face shields should be provided where there is a requirement for the authorized visual inspection of furnaces.

° Continuous detectors should be installed to provide early warning of raised levels of dangerous gases. Positive pressure self-contained breathing apparatus should be available to enable rapid rescue in the event of a build-up of dangerous gases. The breathing apparatus should be checked and maintained regularly, and should only be used by people who have been trained to do so

° People working in and around the furnace and oven areas should be provided with suitable PPE to protect them against molten metal burns, noise, and physical and chemical hazards. PPE should be to molten metal standard for casters and others exposed to molten metal. Specific PPE should include, but not be limited to:

(a) molten metal resistant jackets and trousers; (b) face shields or vented goggles; (c) molten metal resistant gloves; (d) safety footwear insulated against heat;

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(e) respiratory protective equipment; (f) protective helmets; (g) hearing protection; and (h) eye protection.

° Burns may occur at many points in the steel-making process: at the front of the furnace during tapping from molten metal or slag; from spills, spatters or eruptions of hot metal from ladles or vessels during processing, teeming (pouring) or transporting; and from contact with hot metal as it is being formed into a final product. ° Tap holes should be checked regularly for damage and build-up of corundum, to prevent molten metal splashes. ° Injuries caused by molten metal, dross or slag or exposure to alkaline dust should receive immediate medical attention. ° Proper lighting and ventilation for fresh air and dust free work environment. Control of all fugitive dust through proper system. Proper awareness regarding working condition, exposure, sitting and standing position during work to avoid pain and exhaustion. ° Isolation and Enclosure, insulated partition, enclosing operator in an insulated box. Exposure to noise in an eight hour day should not exceed level of 90 dB(A). ° Reliever for workers after 4 hrs continuous duty for 15 min. provision for gram (chana) and jaggery (gud) for workers. ° All PPEs & safety gears will be provided to workers and care will be taken by EMC that these are used properly by them. All safety norms will be followed.

Plan of evaluation of health of workers

• By pre designed format, chest x ray, Audiometry, Spirometry Vision testing (Far & Near vision, colour vision and any other ocular defect) ECG, during pre placement and periodical examinations.

• Health effects of metals used and health hazard plans based on monthly correlation of these metal related diseases and people affected.

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• Arsenicosis Management Plan – not required as Arsenic no detected in any ore, rock, coal, fly ash, water.

Pre-employment Medical examination will be undertaken:

• Comprehensive Pre-employment general medical check up for all employees • X-ray of chest to exclude TB, Silicosis, pneumoconiosis etc. • Lung function test. • Audiometer test to find deafness Schedule of medical check-up during operational phase

• Comprehensive Pre-employment medical check up for all employees • Chest X- Ray for all employees once every year. • Lung function test for employees in plant area every year and for other employees once every 3 years. • General check up of all employees once every year.

Medical examination will be done for all the employees after retirement and all those employees with more than 5 years of service leaving the company. After retirement, medical examination facility will be provided for a period of 5 years.

• Local hospitals and Govt. health monitoring system will be engaged. • Dispensary and ESI facility will be provided to all workers as applicable.

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CHAPTER – 8

PROJECT BENEFITS

8.1 IMPROVEMENTS IN THE PHYSICAL INFRASTRUCTURE The development of industrial projects plays a key role in the economic growth of any country. The growth of the steel industry significantly contributes to economic growth as it generates employment both directly, indirectly and also due to development of downstream industries. Peripheral development takes place and due to more influx of money through the populace, overall importance of the area increases and the infrastructure improves.

Management of LAL FERRO ALLOYS Co. (P) Ltd. is aware of and concerned about the health and safety of not only its own employees and their families but also about the ecology and issues affecting society around their plants. As a corporate citizen it has always been the endeavor of group to take effective steps to tackle all these issues. Following improvements in the physical infrastructure are envisaged:

‹ Condition of roads. As the transportation of all the raw materials and finished product will be through road, the unit will liaison with the concerned Government department for maintenance/up gradation of the road.

‹ The unit will contribute to the construction/maintenance of school buildings in the nearby villages.

‹ Condition of housing facilities. As the persons engaged for outside will reside in the leased/rented houses in the nearby villages the housing facilities will improve.

‹ Condition of medical and health care. The company will have MOU with nearby hospitals/nursing homes for day to day and annual checkup and treatment of employees, their family and other affected persons.

‹ Conditions of other infrastructural facilities like transport, drinking water, health and hygiene are also likely to improve due to the proposed project.

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8.2 EMPLOYMENT POTENTIAL The Governments always give major emphasis on the employment generation and social upliftment while sanctioning any project in their state. There are some employments directly involved with the project while others are related with its associated activities. The employment in associated activities is referred to as indirect employment.

Direct Employment Unemployment is quite common in the study area. Employment opportunities are not growing in accordance with growth of education. Employment scenario of the study area is largely dependent on the condition of govt. The proposed has employment generation potential by way of recruiting local people directly for different activities of the project, specifically at the construction phase. It is expected that substantial portion of the investment in this project will trickle down to the local people in the form of employment and income.

Total requirement of man power in the proposed production plant comes to approximately 84 numbers. From unloading of raw materials to loading of finished goods one or more labour contracts will be awarded to outside contractors. They in turn will employ work men with the required grades of skill on their payroll. Only the maintenance staff, administrative staff, supervisory staff and marketing staff will be employed directly by the company.

Locals with appropriate knowledge and experience will be given preference in skilled category, while semi-skilled and unskilled work force will comprise mainly of local populace.

Indirect Employment Skilled During the peak construction and erection period, around 40 persons are expected to be engaged. The work will be allotted as per the expertise of the workman so that there is minimum or no resource wastage. The work will be done through contractors and most of the work force will be from nearby villages. Out of the above work force nearly 55 - 60% will be skilled.

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Semi-Skilled During the peak construction and erection period, around 10-15% of total work force are expected to be engaged in the semi-skilled category like assistant mason, welder, erector etc. they will act as the supervisors and link between the highly skilled and local unskilled workers.

Unskilled During the peak construction and erection period, around 30-35% of total work force is expected to be engaged in the unskilled category. They will be the main physical workers.

8.3 OTHER TANGIBLE BENEFITS The indirect employment and income effect of any steel plant is non-marginal and usually remain widespread across a long region. Over the years this unit will cause generation of income and employment opportunities in the ancillaries and service units which will come in the vicinity of the plant, specifically, in mining, ancillary, transport and manufacturing sectors. Improvement in technology certainly has brought the direct employment to indirect employment ratio down.

Attempt is made to estimate the indirect employment effect of the project. The expected “Direct: Indirect employment ratio” has been projected as 1: 3.5 with the distribution in Ancillary (1 : 1), Transport (1 : 1) and Manufacturing (1 : 1.5). It is observed that about 450 - 500 people may get indirect employment only in these sectors due to the project.

INDUSTRIALIZATION IN THE AREA Steel plants by nature serve as the nuclei for development of small-scale industries in the areas around them. These small-scale units usually have input-output linkages with the steel plants. The demand for spares, assemblies and sub-assemblies by the project are generally met through the supply (of these items) from small-scale units located nearly. The small-scale units, in turn, get necessary products from the plants. This will bring mutual advantages with one acting as complementary to another.

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The proposed project is expected to serve as a centre of significant small-scale industrial economy around it complemented by the services sector. This is expected to play a major role in the future economic and social development of this area.

8.4 CONCLUSION On the basis of the overall results of the present impact assessment the following conclusions are drawn: ‹ The project is not going to cause any damage to the existing agricultural situation. Instead, it is likely to provide the farmers with on-farm income. ‹ The project has strong positive effect on average consumption in the study area, and is likely to increase average income through multiplier effect. ‹ The project has very strong positive employment and income effects, both direct as well as indirect. ‹ There is a possibility of increase in industrial development in the vicinity. This is likely to bring more skill diversification among local people. ‹ The project is going to have positive impact on health care and occupational safety. ‹ The project will have positive impact on educational status of people of the study area. ‹ Overall community development is envisaged due to this project.

8.5 IMPROVEMENTS IN THE SOCIAL INFRASTRUCTURE Community development activities are very important aspects for any big organization because people of the villages surrounding the plant are the indirect stakeholders. Marginal positive impact on socio-economic environment is foreseen due to direct and indirect employment, opportunity of business and social welfare taken up by the company. The mostly rural population may see development of educational, medical and infrastructural facilities. The promoter has well designed Corporate Social Responsibility with a view to enhance the quality of life of the beneficiaries.

CH-VIII- 4 Chapter 8 – Project Benefits - Final Report M/s Lal Ferro Alloys Co. (P) Ltd, Vill- Biswasdih, Giridih, Jharkhand Induction Furnace (18000 TPA), Pig Iron (12000 TPA), Hard Coke (15000 TPA)

Company has done following social work in village Biswasdih (2008-09):

Construction of 1 nos of Bore well - Rs. 43,000/- Supply of Education Materials - Rs. 25,000/- Financial help to villagers (medical & others) - Rs. 65,000/- Total Expenses - Rs. 1,33,000/-

Budget for Peripheral Development (Next 10 Years) PROPOSED PROGRAMME - AMOUNT SL NO VILLAGES ADDITIONAL (RS. IN LACS) Supply of Study Materials & Financial Aid 1 3 2.50 to Village Schools

Health Camp, Free Supply of Medicine 2 3 4.25 etc.

Promotion of Cultural and social welfare 3 3 4.75 activities Training to villagers through self help 4 group for self employment, education & 3 2.00 family planning Sub - Total 12.50 Buffer for activities as recommended by 43.00 locals TOTAL 55.50

Proposed program of CSR activities: ‹ Allocation of funds for CSR activities will be total of Rs. 3 – 4 crores (5% of project cost) for a period of 10-12 years. ‹ Funds will be in addition to investment for implementation of EMP within the plant. ‹ 5 point rural development plan in 5 villages in the vicinity ‹ Visit of senior officials to community. ‹ Fund mobilization. ‹ Measuring perception of society through third party survey

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‹ The reach for the CSR activities would be Education & Capacity Building; Health & Family Welfare, Infrastructure Development; Social Reforms and other activities as would be necessary for the nearby villages

Methodology adopted for CSR Projects ‹ Selection of Villages. ‹ Selection of Social Workers/NGOs ‹ Organization of Entry Point activities ‹ Formation of Village Development Committees (VDC) ‹ Selection of need based Projects/Beneficiaries through VDC ‹ Implementation of Projects ‹ Handing over the Project to the VDC

The company is committed to develop the surrounding area in a well-coordinated and balanced manner while safe guarding the environment and social aspects. Proposed project is expected to contribute towards upliftment of local people’s quality of life & it will generate inputs for industrial/economic development in the region. Following guidelines are given to proponents for protection of workmen likely to be engaged from the nearby villages, as also a discussion towards the end covering community benefits. The company will take adequate steps to get local people into confidence so as to avoid any misconceptions amongst the local people in future. The following measures are suggested:

° Communication with the local community should be institutionalized as done on regular basis by the project authorities to provide as opportunity for mutual discussion. ° Social welfare activities to be undertaken by the project authorities’ collaboration may be sought with local administration, gram panchayat, block development office etc. for better co-ordination. ° It is envisaged that upon implementation of community development programmes/welfare measures as recommended in environmental management plan would lead to increase in subjective quality of life index. ° Socio Economic developmental Activities will be carried out in the vicinity of the proposed plant.

CH-VIII- 6 Chapter 2 – Environment Management Planning - Final Report M/s Lal Ferro Alloys Co. (P) Ltd, Vill- Biswasdih, Giridih, Jharkhand Induction Furnace (18000 TPA), Pig Iron (12000 TPA), Hard Coke (15000 TPA)

CHAPTER – 9

ENVIRONMENT MANAGEMENT PLANNIG

9.1 Description of the administrative aspects of ensuring that mitigative measures are implemented and their effectiveness monitored, after approval of the EIA

It will also check that the stipulated measures are being satisfactorily implemented and operated. All the above observations will be compiled and documented to serve the following purposes:

‹ Identification of any environmental problems which may occur in the plant or surrounding areas. ‹ Initiating or providing solutions to those problems through designated channels and verification of the implementation status. ‹ Control of activities inside the plant, until the environmental problem has been corrected. ‹ Suitably respond to emergency situations. Provide details of the emergency and the actions taken to the top management. ‹ Suitably make modifications or alterations in the plant to meet regulatory standards as amended from time to time.

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Monitoring of Environment Management System • Examination of all air pollution control system with due respect to its performance regularly. A record shall be maintained and will be shown to regulatory authority as and when required. • Examination and regular cleaning of raw material and chemicals handling area. • Examination of rainwater harvesting systems and storm water drains. • Checking water contamination by drawing regular samples of run off water. Collection and analysis of water samples from adjacent river and any other surface water body as suggested by SPCB. • Regular measurement of ground water level and quality. • Checking the quality of air by drawing regular air samples and getting them analyzed. • Maintenance of the record of plantation to monitor plantation scheme, the area of plantation, the observance of growth rate and survival of plants. Observance of growth of fauna in the area. • Sampling for noise pollution inside the plant requiring maintenance, which produce excess noise, and to study likely impact on workers.

Monitoring of Safety System • Identification of the unsafe conditions/ practices preventing in the shops for elimination of hazard, if any. • Arrangement of training to develop safety awareness among all staffs of the works. • Preparation of safety codes/ manuals of different operations and to be distributed to workers. Monitoring of Fire Protection Services • Inspection of the portable fire extinguishers periodically. • Inspection of the fire hydrants and the available water pressure. • Periodic arrangement of mock drill to extinguish the different type of fire. Monitoring of Health Services • Periodical Medical Checkup programme. • Compulsory medical checkup programme for risk group

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• Vision testing for crane operators and drivers • Training of workers regarding occupational hazards. • Lung function test of workers exposed to dusts

Organisational & Administrative Set Up In order to effectively implement and monitor the Environment Program, a proper organisational structure must be defined in order to achieve the desired and statutory results. The organizational chart of SHE proposed is given below. Further to undertake the environmental aspects of the future expansion plan additional manpower will be required. The resources of the SHE including chemical laboratory have been proposed to be augmented to carry out the environmental monitoring and surveillance programme.

Organisation Chart (Proposed) of Environmental Monitoring Cell

GM (Works)

DGM

Manager (EMC)

Engineer

Technician

CH-IX- 3 Chapter 9 – Environment Management Planning - Final Report M/s Lal Ferro Alloys Co. (P) Ltd, Vill- Biswasdih, Giridih, Jharkhand Induction Furnace (18000 TPA), Pig Iron (12000 TPA), Hard Coke (15000 TPA)

Estimated Capital Investment & Recurring Cost for Implementation of EMP

For Existing For Proposed SL No Capital Recurring Capital Recurring ITEM DESCRIPTION Investment cost/year Investment cost/year (Rs.Lacs) (Rs. Lacs) (Rs. Lacs) (Rs.Lacs) Air Pollution Control Integral part 1 8.50 System for MBF of MBF + 5.25 12.00 4.50 Water Sprinkling 0.85 0.20 2 1.70 0.85 System 3 Disposal of Solid wastes - 2.50 - 4.25 Green Belt 1.00 0.30 4 2.50 0.75 Development

5 Rain Water Harvesting 4.75 0.60 1.05 0.50 TOTAL 14.20 13.20 14.90 9.75

ESTIMATED COST OF ENVIRONMENT MONITORING SL Environment Monitoring Frequency Annual Cost No Parameter 1 Stack Monitoring Half Yearly 10,000.00

2 Fugitive Monitoring Quarterly 30,000.00

3 Ambient Air Quality Monitoring Half Yearly 30,000.00

4 Water Quality monitoring Yearly 5,000.00

5 Noise Quality Monitoring Yearly 3,000.00

6 Soil Quality Monitoring Yearly 5,000.00

Total Rs. 83,000,00

CH-IX- 4 Chapter 10 –Summary & Conclusion - Final Report M/s Lal Ferro Alloys Co. (P) Ltd, Vill- Biswasdih, Giridih, Jharkhand Induction Furnace (18000 TPA), Pig Iron (12000 TPA), Hard Coke (15000 TPA)

CHAPTER – 10 SUMMARY & CONCLUSION

1. GENERAL DETAILS:

Name of Project : LAL FERRO ALLOYS Co. (P) LTD. Plant Location & Vill :Biswasdih, P.S. & P.O. Gadi Srirampur

: Dist. Giridih, Jharkhand

Manufacturing of Pig Iron, Hard Coke & Induction Project Proposal : furnace Total Investment : Rs. 2.45 Crores Capital cost - Rs. 29.10 Lacs Investment for EMP : Recurring cost - Rs. 22.95 Lacs Budget for Peripheral : Rs. 55.50 Lacs Development

Employment Potential : 120 Nos. 11.75 Acres land acquired at Vill: Biswasdih, P.S. & Land Details : P.O. Gadi Srirampur, Dist. Giridih, Jharkhand The land is barren and flat land. Location Details

Topo Sheet No. : 72 L / 8

Latitude : 240 08’ 34” N Longitude : 860 19’ 51” E

Approach Road / Highway : State Highway– 1.25 KM

Nearest River Ushri River – 4.1 KM E : Nearest Major River Barakar River – 8 KM SW Nearest habitation : Giridih - 4.5 Km Densely populated or built- : Giridih - 4.5 Km up area

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2. PROJECT DETAILS

M/s. LAL FERRO ALLOYS Co (P) LTD. has set up a Pig Iron & Hard Coke Unit and intends to set up an induction furnace at village – Biswasdih, in the district of Giridih Jharkhand. The final proposal will be for one 23 m3 blast furnace of 40 MT per day capacity (12000 TPA) and a Hard Coke Plant of 50 TPD (15000 TPA) and Induction furnace Plant of 60 TPD (18000 TPA).

STATUTORY COMPLIANCE The proposed project is listed in the new EIA Notification S.O. 1533, dated 14.09.06 as category A at Serial No. 3(a) under heading No. 3 & 4(b) under heading No. 3 of Materials Production. Thus the project requires prior environmental clearance from Ministry of Environment and Forest, Government of India, New Delhi.

MANUFACTURING PROCESS Manufacturing process comprises of following steps: 1. Raw Material unloading, sizing & storage. 2. Pig Iron production in 1 x 23 m3 mini blast furnace using iron ore, coke etc. 3. Hard Coke production in non-recovery type coke ovens for use in MBF. 4. Use of pig iron & other raw materials in induction furnace for manufacturing ingots. 5. Despatch of products.

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LAND USE BREAKUP The total area of land which is already identified by the company for the project is about 11.75 acres land acquired at Biswasdih, Giridih, Jharkhand.

Area SL No Type of use (in acres)

1 Plant Area 2.80

2 Raw Material Storage 1.34

3 Road & Infrastructure 1.86

4 Green belt 3.86

5 Office & Stores 0.16

6 Vacant area 1.73

TOTAL LAND AREA 11.75

MANPOWER REQUIREMENT The total man power required for the project has been estimated at 120, inclusive of managerial, supervisory, administrative, skilled /unskilled workers, and security staff. Staff would be recruited from local villages and district in preference.

POWER REQUIREMENT The power requirement for the proposed unit is 3.5 MW. The power shall be sourced through DVC and DG sets 0f 500 KVA will be installed for emergency.

WATER REQUIREMENT

Plant Section Make up Water Quantity MBF 120 m3/day Hard Coke 20 m3/day Induction furnace 15 m3/day Domestic use 5 m3/day Total make up requirement 160 m3/day

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Ground water source shall be used for which appropriate number of bore wells will be dug. Total make-up water estimated at 160 m3/ day. Application for withdrawal of under ground water has been made. 3. PRESENT ENVIRONM ENTAL SCENARIO

STUDY AREA: Core: The Plant site is 11.75 acres of fallow land located at an elevation of 281 m above mean sea level bounded by Latitude 240 08’ 34” N and Longitude 860 19’ 51” E in Village Biswasdih, Gadi Srirampur, District Giridih, State Jharkand. The site is around 4.5 km from State Highway, connecting Dhanbad and Giridih (Tundi Road). Buffer: This is the 10 km radius area surrounding the core zone. The area around the proposed plant is in general a flat terrain. The area covering the Plant and its surroundings falls under the Survey of India Toposheet No: 72 L/ 8.

Features of On- Site Data: Site specific data for the period December 2011 to February 2012 were collected in the study area.

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Air Environment The Ambient Air Quality at eight (8) locations within the study area (10 km radius) has been monitored twice a week for parameters particulate Matters (SPM and RPM), Sulphur Dioxide and Nitrogen Dioxide covering the entire study area as per CPCB Guidelines. All the values were found within the prescribed standard except for Giridih.

Water Environment Surface Water Samples were collected fromi River. The water quality is more or less within the norms and can be used as source of drinking water after conventional treatment followed by disinfection.

The Nala waters analysed during the study period shows moderate to significant pollution w.r.t. water quality parameters.

Ground Water In order to assess the ground water quality, tube well, dug well waters were analysed from adjoining villages of the study area. The ground water at all places was suitable for drinking purposes. The quality of the water available from the municipal source is also satisfactory.

Noise characteristics A detailed measurement of noise level was carried out at different locations with in the project. On site field measurement procedure was adopted for recording all observations. Ambient Noise Levels in the area were in the moderate category due to the rural setting.

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Summarised results of 24 hours average ambient pollutant level in µg/ m3

Locations Average Conc. in µg/ m3 Location I D PM10 PM2.5 SO2 NOx CO

A1 Inside proposed Plant 68.6 34.7 12.5 23.4 113.0 A2 Koiradih 61.4 30.8 10.1 18.8 111.5 A3 Gamharitanr 56.2 25.8 9.3 16.7 109.2 A4 Majhiladih 62.8 31.2 10.2 18.0 111.6 A5 Barhagori 54.8 28.8 8.4 17.4 109.4

A6 Purnanagar 47.3 29.2 7.6 15.5 110.6 A7 Chunjaka 52.3 26.2 8.8 16.7 109.2

A8 Gir idih 68.2 31.6 11.2 28.1 111.8

4. ENVIRONM ENT IM APCT & M ITIGATION

TYPES AND M AJOR SOURCES OF POLLUTI ON M ajor Nature & Nature of Impact with Environmen Project Significance of EM P tal Activity Impact without (Reversible / Attributes EM P Irreversible) Maximum open area will be under green cover for natural arresting and Use of appreciable Rain Water. Negative Use of water Decrease in water All materials will be kept in from Ground level and increase in covered areas so that there Water water for concentration of is no contact with water or resources construction undesired elements. any leaching to the sub-soil and operation Increase in sources. purpose impurities Reversible Rain Water Harvesting & other Conservation plan as per directions of PCB will be implemented. Dust emission Significant Bag Filters installed for during Negative existing plant. Additional Air quality construction Increase in TSPM, DE and bag filters will be and emission SO2 NOx from Stack installed. of dust and and Fugitive

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gases from emissions. All conveyors will be operational Irreversible completely covered. Green activities belt development, Water sprinkling, concrete road, covered storage, bounded yard will be constructed for maintenance of Air Quality.

Stack height as per CPCB norms for proper dispersion of pollutants from operation and D.G. Set Exact specification equipments with in built noise reduction system will Erection, be procured. grinders,

mortar mixer, Marginal Negative Proper servicing & noise from Moderate increase maintenance of Noise level construction in noise level machineries, sound less machineries Irreversible generator, green belt and from development. operational

activities. Isolation of equipments with acoustic enclosures wherever possible Construction workers, Skilled and Increase in direct and Marginal Positive unskilled indirect employment, Increase in direct workers, mostly from local areas. and indirect Employment Technical employment, mostly staffs, security Social development and from local areas. for both peripheral activities will be Reversible construction & undertaken. operational phase Construction, erection of Marginal Negative Such impacts would be plant with Change in land use. location specific. Land use ancillary Such impacts would Construction will be limited facilities and be location specific to minimum possible area. solid waste Irreversible disposal

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Measures for minimizing and/or offsetting adverse impacts identified: ‹ Fume extraction system will be installed for extraction of fumes and dust from all material handling points.

‹ Adequately designed Bag House Filter will be installed for Pig iron plant and induction furnace to achieve the prescribed stack emission standards.

‹ Adequately designed Multi Stage Scrubber will be installed for Hard Coke Plant.

‹ All de-dusting units will be connected to a stack of height 30 m. Particulate matter emission will be maintained below 100 mg/Nm3.

‹ Interlocking facility will be provided to ensure stoppage of plant if the pollution control system is not in operation.

‹ The fugitive emissions of suspended particulate matter will be maintained below 2000 µg/m3 at a distance of 10 m from the sources.

‹ The on site & off-site emergency plan will be an integral part of any major hazard control system. It will be based on those accidents identified by the works management, which could affect people and the environment outside the works.

‹ Water will be in closed circuit system. Hence no industrial effluent will be generated.

‹ Domestic waste water will be partly used for horticulture after primary treatment and partly disposed through septic tank & soak pit combination.

‹ Solid waste generated will be reused as follows:

° Dust from bag filters will be partly re-used in process or used for land filling. ° Slag from Pig Iron plant will be granulated and sold to cement manufacturers. ° Induction furnace slag will be sold out to metal recovery units and will be used for road making after recovery of metals. ‹ Implementation of Rain Water Harvesting for recharge of under ground water aquifer.

‹ Peripheral development activities will be undertaken as detailed in later chapters.

‹ Development of Green Belt over 33% of total land area

‹ Noise monitoring will be done regularly and ear plugs provided to workers.

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‹ Enclosures will be provided for heavy noise generating equipments.

GREEN BELT DEVELOPMENT PLAN As per MOEF guidelines, for siting of industry, a 5 M wide green belt around the limits and road side of the industry is suggested. Total Green belt area should be 33% or more of plant area. Species of tree to be used for plantation should be such that they are fast growing, strong, and pollutant resistant. The plantation should be a mix of different varieties. A three tier plantation scheme comprising of: Outer ring of tall, thick canopy trees – Middle ring of less taller trees – Inner core layer of tolerant species In addition parallel rows of trees which are tolerant will be planted on either side of roads with heavy traffic movement.

OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH Occupational safety and health is very closely related to productivity and employee – employer relationship. The main factors of occupational health in such plants are dust and noise. To avoid any adverse effect on the health of workers the measures mainly relating to health and safety are: i. Provision of rest shelters for workers with amenities like drinking water, fans etc. ii. Training of employees for use of safety appliances and first aid. iii. Extensive publicity and propaganda related to safety. iv. Regular maintenance and testing of all equipment and machineries. v. Periodical health check-up of all employees. vi. Provision of dispensary/first aid in the premises.

Estimated Capital Investment & Recurring Cost for Implementation of EMP

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wastes Green Belt 4 2.50 0.75 1.00 0.30 Development 5 Rain Water Harvesting 4.75 0.60 1.05 0.50 TOTAL 14.20 13.20 14.90 9.75

Budget for Peripheral Development (Next 10 Years) PROPOSED PROGRAMME - AMOUNT SL NO VILLAGES ADDITIONAL (RS. IN LACS) Supply of Study Materials & Financial Aid 1 3 2.50 to Village Schools

Health Camp, Free Supply of Medicine 2 3 4.25 etc.

CH-X-10 Chapter 10 –Summary & Conclusion - Final Report M/s Lal Ferro Alloys Co. (P) Ltd, Vill- Biswasdih, Giridih, Jharkhand Induction Furnace (18000 TPA), Pig Iron (12000 TPA), Hard Coke (15000 TPA)

CHAPTER – 11 DISCLOSURE OF CONSULTANT

11.1 CONSULTANT’S PROFILE

Organization : Visiontek Consultancy Services Pvt. Ltd. Address : N-5/311, I.R.C. Village, Nayapalli, Bhubaneswar - 15(Orissa) Contact Person : P.Kumar Ranjan (09338822732) Contact No : 0674-2550594 (Tele Fax) E Mail ID : [email protected] Principal Field : Consulting Services

Visiontek Consultancy Services Private Limited is a pioneer consulting Organisation of India as a Pvt. Limited company, specializing in Environmental Protection, Industrial Pollution Control & Engineering field. This is also rendering consultancy services for Geotechnical Investigations, Topographical Survey, Planning and Designs, Supervision, Quality Monitoring and Preparing detailed Project Reports. VCSPL assists a client in comprehensive environmental and engineering services ranging from conceptual planning and preliminary investigation to detailed engineering design. Local knowledge coupled with national and international experience of proven technical know-how and a strong commitment from our team of experts; enable VCSPL to assist in solving the clients environmental and engineering problems successfully with competence by first analyzing then visualizing and finally utilizing technically strong and dedicated skill.

VCSPL has successfully completed a wide range of multi disciplinary assignments. VCSPL project formulation requires preliminary and detailed project investigation. The objective of the investigation is to assess the technical viability and cost effectiveness of the proposals vis-à-vis the objective and benefit. VCSPL was founded in 2001 and brought together a number of consultancy services with a track record of performance in the environmental Science and Engineering field ranging conceptual planning and preliminary investigation to detailed engineering design. Today it has over more than 100 people working in our corporate office at Bhubaneswar, Orissa

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and branch office at Pune, Delhi and also at various industrial sites.

Vision: • Build stability and success through sustainable growth and profit. • Put clients and their needs back at the heart of business. • Deliver more than just compliance with environmental, health & safety requirements.

Mission: To continue to create value for its clients, shareholders and employees and to be considered as the leading global professional service provider of technical and environmental consulting services by its clients, employees and peers.

Environment Policy: Good environment management is the central focus of our business activities. We extend this through our own operation and management, in order to reflect positively in our clients, share holders and staffs. Visiontek takes its commitment to quality, health, safety & environmental management very seriously.

The Organization: Visiontek Consultancy Services Pvt. Ltd. is floated by the master brain of few former Chief Engineers of the State Government, Central Govt. and young Enthusiastic Engineers and Scientists. The Organisation has Seven Divisions each headed by an eminent Engineer and allied laboratory and computerized services. The divisions are as follows.

1 Planning project preparation and Monitoring 2 Infrastructure Roads, Highways & Bridges 3 Designs and Detailed Engineering 4 Water Resources Management 5 Industrial Pollution Control and Socioeconomic Study 6 Construction management & Quality Control 7 Survey and Investigation

CH-XI-2 Chapter 10 –Summary & Conclusion - Final Report M/s Lal Ferro Alloys Co. (P) Ltd, Vill- Biswasdih, Giridih, Jharkhand Induction Furnace (18000 TPA), Pig Iron (12000 TPA), Hard Coke (15000 TPA)

11.2 EIA CORDINATORS & FUNCTIONAL EXPERTS INVOLVE IN THIS PROJECT

1. Madhab Chandra Dash, M.Sc (Zoology), Ph.D (Biology )(Ecology & Env. Science)- Coordinator He has experience in Ecology & Biodiversity & Environmental Science. He has worked as Chief Advisor in Visiontek Consultancy Services Private Limited. Since 2010 to till date, Resource Person and Chief Editor in SPCB, Orissa since 2004 to 2006 & Senior Env. Advisor in Adam Smith International Ltd., London since 2006 to 2009

2. Niranjan Lal Agrawalla, M.S.( Chemical Engineering), B.Tech(Chemical Engineering)- Coordinator He has 8 years experience in Project Planning, Management, Execution & Implementation; General Technical Management; Responsible for finalization of project and EIA quality. He has worked as Chief Executive (Production & Quality Management) in Sree Anjani kumar Silicate Works since 1983 to 2001, EIA- Coordinator & Functional Expert in Eco Care, Asansol, Kumarpur, Dist- Burdwan, WestBengal since May 2004 - Sept 2011.

3. Manoj Kumar, B.Sc.( Chemical Engineering), MBA –Marketing Coordinator He has experience in Preparation of EIA/EMP and presentation before the Concerned authority, Space Marketing and Event Management, Operation of ETP, Scrubber, Cyclone, Bag Filters and other Pollution Control Equipments, Chemical Plant & FBC Boiler, Water Treatment & Softner Plant - operation of Boiler, Review of EIA, EMP, EMS of industries, mines etc. He has worked as Executive - industry & Technical in Eco Care, Ranchi since May 2005 to Sept 2011, P.A. to Chairman & JRF in Jharkhand State Pollution Control Board, Ranchi in Feb 2003 - April 2005, Project Coordinator (Marketing) in CBMD, Jamshedpur since June 1999 - January 2003, Deputy Manager, Production in TRIPL, Khunti since May 1998 - April 1999, Shift Engineer (Production) in Sanderson Industries Ltd, Jamshedpur since May 1994 - April 1998, & Competent Person (Testing & Audit) in Institute of Industrial Safety & Risk Management Services since December 2009 – till Date. . 4. Dr. Bijaya Nanda Das , B.sc. (Chemical Engineering), M.sc. (Chemical Engineering), Ph.D (Environment Science)

He has a vast experience in Organising Environmental Clearance from MoEF and SPCB, Environmental Monitoring in Different Units, Preparation of EIA/EMP Report, Hazardous Wastes Studies, Third Party Audits and preparation of On-Site and Off- Site DMPS, Research and Development Activities in Coal Preparation, Coal Carbonization and Extraction of Coal Chemicals. He has worked as Director (Technical) in Global Experts since 2009 April to 2010 May & Vice President (Safety, Health, Environment & Fire) in Jindal Stainless Ltd. since 2008 March to 2009 April. He has also worked as Director (Environment) in Visiontek Consultancy Services Pvt. Ltd. since 2010 May to 2012 March.

CH-XI-3 Chapter 10 –Summary & Conclusion - Final Report M/s Lal Ferro Alloys Co. (P) Ltd, Vill- Biswasdih, Giridih, Jharkhand Induction Furnace (18000 TPA), Pig Iron (12000 TPA), Hard Coke (15000 TPA)

5. Bijay Kumar Mishra ,B.Sc. (Chemical Engineering) He has experience in Preparing EIA/EMP, Preparing DPR/PFR, Scientific Modeling, Environment Audits, Environmental Lab Management, ISO Audit, Human Resource Management. He has worked as Project Manager (Design, Procurement, Installation and Commissioning of Hydro Fluoric Acid Project) in Kalyan Flourides Limited, Andhra Pradesh since 1983 to 1992 & Project Manager (Design, Procurement, Installation and Commissioning of Potassium Nitrate) in Pulavarty Chemicals Pvt. Ltd., A.P since 1982 to 1983 & now presently working as Director (Design and implementation of Effluent Treatment Plant) in Visiontek Consultancy Services Pvt. Ltd. since 2003 to till date.

6. P. Kumar Ranjan, Bachelor of Engineering (Civil) He has experience in Design, Drawing and Execution of ETP & STP, Solid Waste Management, Civil Engineering & Environmental Planning. He has worked as Dy. Manager (Works) Executed various road construction works, in Kolkata Municipal Corporation since 2000-2001, Engineer (Design Engineer in civil structural works for highways, railways sector) in Bridge and Roofing Limited since 1998 to 2000.

7. Sachikanta Mishra, B.Sc. (Geo-Hons.), M.Sc. (Geology), Diploma Training (Training on Photo Interpretation for Geology, National Remote Sensing Agency Indian Photo- Interpretation Institute, (IPI), Dehra Dun, India. He has worked as Deputy Director (Directorate of Geology), in Geology Dept., Govt. of Orissa since 1989 to 1991 & Joint Director (Level-1) (Directorate of Geology), in Geology Dept., Govt. of Orissa since 2000 to 2001.

8. Prof. Anil Kumar Paul, B.Sc. (Hons), M.Sc (Geology) He has experience in Hydrology, Water and Ground Conservation & Geology & Soil. He has worked on Rain water Harvesting- The State of the natural water source art in Orissa in Research Publication in 2002, Revival of dry Wisdom-An Aesthetic Approach to Water Management in Research Publication in 2003, Ground Water Quality in the eastern part of Bolangir Dist. Orissa in Research Publication in 2005.

9. Dr. Bimalesh Pathak, M.A (Sociology), Ph.D (Sociology) He has worked on Resettlement and Rehabilitation Study as per guidelines of Govt. of Orissa for Patrapada coal block, Angul for M/s. Bhusan Steel Ltd. in Visiontek Consultancy Services Pvt. Ltd. since 2010 to till date & Detail Socio-Economic Survey of Rengali Area for Land acquisition of proposed 3 x 660 MW for Orissa Thermal Power Corporation Ltd. in Visiontek Consultancy Services Pvt. Ltd. since 2010 to till date.

10. Dr. Siba Prasad Panda, M.Sc. (Botany), Ph.D (Environmental Science) He has worked as Senior Consultant (Flora Fauna Study of Bargarh area for EIA Study of Viswakarma Roofings India Private Limited) in M/s. Visiontek Consultancy Services Private Limited since 2010 to till date & H.O.D (Study of Flora & Fauna diversity in Meramandali area for Bhusan Steel Limited since 2006 to 2010

CH-XI-4 Chapter 10 –Summary & Conclusion - Final Report M/s Lal Ferro Alloys Co. (P) Ltd, Vill- Biswasdih, Giridih, Jharkhand Induction Furnace (18000 TPA), Pig Iron (12000 TPA), Hard Coke (15000 TPA)

11. Chandrashekhar Chauhan, B.Tech (Environmental Engineering) He has 2 Years experience in preparation of EIA/EMP Report, Organizing Environmental Clearance from MoEF and SPCB.

12. Rajesh Mohanty, B Tech. (Environmental Engineering) He has 1 year experience in Preparation of EIA/EMP report

13. Monalisa pani, B Tech. (Environmental Engineering) She has experience in EIA and EMP Project Preparation

11.3 VISIONTEK CONSULTANCY SERVICES PVT. LTD. (VCSPL), AN OVERVIEW Visiontek was founded in 1991 and brought together a number of consultancy services with a track record of performance in the environmental field including soil, water, waste water & civil engineering works. Today it has over more than 100 people working in our corporate office at Bhubaneswar, Orissa and branch office at Pune and also at various industrial sites.

11.4 VISION • Build stability and success through sustainable growth and profit. • Put clients and their needs back at the heart of business. • Deliver more than just compliance with environmental, health & safety requirements.

11.5 MISSION To continue to create value for its clients, shareholders and employees and to be considered as the leading global professional service provider of technical and environmental consulting services by its clients, employees and peers.

11.6 SOME OF OUR MAJOR CLIENTS: Visiontek works in managing industries in both the public & private sectors. Listed here are just a handful of our clients who represent our varied client base. We enjoy working with our clients and can boast many long-term and successful relationships. With our client’s permission we have selected a few case studies to show the range of solutions we provide in different industry sectors and with varying environmental needs.

CH-XI-5 Chapter 10 –Summary & Conclusion - Final Report M/s Lal Ferro Alloys Co. (P) Ltd, Vill- Biswasdih, Giridih, Jharkhand Induction Furnace (18000 TPA), Pig Iron (12000 TPA), Hard Coke (15000 TPA)

Some of our major clients are presented hereunder.

ENVIRONMENT CLEARANCE Industry SL Client Owner Job Description Type Adhunik Metaliks Environmental 1. Cement Adhunik Metaliks Ltd. Ltd Clearance Binani Cement Environmental 2. Cement Binani Cement Limited Limited Clearance Navadurga Industries Navadurga Environmental 3. Cement Limited Industries Limited Clearance Deepak Steel & Power Deepak Steel & Environmental 4. Steel Ltd. Power Ltd. Clearance Environmental 5. Mines Budharaja Mines Budharaja Mines Clearance Inganijharana Mines Inganijharana Mines Environmental 6. Mines (Fe & Mn) (Fe & Mn) Clearance Environmental 7. Cement Eco Cements Ltd Eco Cements Ltd Clearance Integrated Shyam Steel Ind. Ltd., Environmental 8. Shyam Steel Ind. Ltd. Steel Purulia Clearance Integrated Shyam Steel Ind. Ltd., Environmental 9. Shyam Steel Ind. Ltd. Steel Kharagpur Clearance Integrated Shyam Steel Ind. Ltd., Environmental 10. Shyam Steel Ind. Ltd. Steel Bonai Clearance Steel & Shyam Steel Ind. Ltd., Environmental 11. Captive Shyam Steel Ind. Ltd. Angadpur Clearance Power Shyam Steel Ind. Ltd., Environmental 12. Steel Shyam Steel Ind. Ltd. Gopalpur-I Clearance Shyam Steel Ind. Ltd., Environmental 13. Steel Shyam Steel Ind. Ltd. Gopalpur-II Clearance Integrated Shyam Steel Ind. Ltd., Environmental 14. Shyam Steel Ind. Ltd. Steel Ranchi Clearance Tata consulting Environmental 15. Power LANCO Power Engineers Clearance Tata consulting Environmental 16. Power TATA Power Engineers Clearance Environmental Tata consulting Joda East Iron Mine 17. Mines Monitoring for Base Engineers of Tata Steel Line Data Collection Utkal Metaliks & Ferro Utkal Metaliks & Environmental 18. Ferro Alloys Alloys Pvt. Ltd. Ferro Alloys Pvt. Ltd. Clearance A.K. Ds Associates Environmental 19. Ferro Chrome A.K. Das Associates Ltd Ltd Clearance Integrated Lakshmi Ganapati Lakshmi Ganapati Environmental 20. Steel Steels Ltd. Steels Ltd. Clearance

CH-XI-6 Chapter 10 –Summary & Conclusion - Final Report M/s Lal Ferro Alloys Co. (P) Ltd, Vill- Biswasdih, Giridih, Jharkhand Induction Furnace (18000 TPA), Pig Iron (12000 TPA), Hard Coke (15000 TPA)

Integrated Environmental 21. Malati Steels Pvt. Ltd. Malati Steels Pvt. Ltd Steel Clearance Integrated Monnet Ispat & Energy Monnet Ispat & Environmental 22. Steel Limited Energy Limited Clearance Integrated MSP Sponge Iron MSP Sponge Iron Environmental 23. Steel Limited Limited Clearance Integrated Chintpurni Steel Pvt Environmental 24. Chintpurni Steel Pvt Ltd Steel Ltd Clearance Grids Steel & Alloys Grids Steel & Alloys Environmental 25. Ferro Alloys Limited Limited Clearance Soumyaa Alloys Pvt. Soumyaa Alloys Pvt. Environmental 26. Ferro Alloys Ltd. Ltd. Clearance Rig Oceanic Shipyard Oceanic Shipyard Environmental 27. Manufacturing Limited Limited Management Plan Unit Ship Oceanic Shipyard Oceanic Shipyard Environmental 28. Manufacturing Limited Limited Management Plan Gagan Commodities Gagan Commodities Environmental 20. Steel Pvt. Ltd. Pvt. Ltd. Clearance Environmental Birla Tyres Ltd, Birla Tyres Ltd , Monitoring & 21. Tyre Balasore. Balasore. Occupational Health Monitoring Purvi Bharat Paper & Purvi Bharat Paper & Environmental 22. Power Power Ltd. Power Ltd. Clearance Haldia Steel Ltd. (Unit- Environmental 23. Steel Haldia Steel Ltd. II) Clearance Orissa Thermal Orissa Thermal Power Environmental 24. Power Power Corporation Corporation Ltd Clearance Ltd

TOPOGRAPHICAL SURVEY Monnet Ispat & Energy Monnet Ispat & 1. Steel & Power Topographical Survey Ltd. Energy Ltd. 2. Power Bhusan Energy Ltd. Bhusan Energy Ltd. Topographical Survey 3. Mines Bhusan Steel Ltd. Bhusan Steel Ltd. Topographical Survey 4. Steel Bhusan Steel Ltd Bhusan Steel Ltd Topographical Survey 5. Steel Rathi Udyog Ltd. Rathi Udyog Ltd. Topographical Survey Deepak Steel & Power Deepak Steel & 6. Steel & Power Topographical Survey Ltd. Power Ltd. Aluminium 7. Aditya Aluminium Aditya Aluminium Topographical Survey Smelter Deepak Fertilisers Deepak Fertilisers and and 8. Fertiliser Petrochemicals Topographical Survey Petrochemicals Corporation Limited Corporation

CH-XI-7 Chapter 10 –Summary & Conclusion - Final Report M/s Lal Ferro Alloys Co. (P) Ltd, Vill- Biswasdih, Giridih, Jharkhand Induction Furnace (18000 TPA), Pig Iron (12000 TPA), Hard Coke (15000 TPA)

Limited

Survey and Investigation Jambhira Canal Division Jambhira Canal 9. DOWR including land No.-II Division No.-II scheduling Survey and Investigation Betnoti Canal 10. DOWR Betnoti Canal Division including land Division scheduling Survey and Investigation Jambhira Canal 11. DOWR Jambhira Canal Division including land Division scheduling Survey and Investigation 14. Construction Ramky Group Ramky Group including land scheduling Lanco Babandh Lanco Babandh Power 15. Power Power Private Topographical Survey Private Limited Limited Jindal India Feasibility Study Jindal India Thermal 16. Power Thermal Power Alignment Survey of Power Limited Limited Pipeline Corridor 17. Construction Vipul Limited Vipul Limited Topographical Survey The Dhamra Port The Dhamra Port 18. Port Topographical Survey Company Limited Company Limited Larsen & Turbo 19. Engineering Larsen & Turbo Limited Topographical Survey Limited Deptt. Of Rural Works Division, Rural Works 20. Topographical Survey Rural Work Baripada Division, Baripada Chambal Chambal Infrastructure 21. Power Infrastructure Topographical Survey Ventures Limited Ventures Limited European European Commissioned Detailed Survey & Micro Commissioned Aided 22. DOWR Aided Minor Planning of Minor Minor Irrigation Project Irrigation Project Irrigation Projects 10000 Hec. 10000 Hec. Detailed Canal Survey & Kansbahal 23. DOWR Kansbahal Irrigation Detailed Design of Canal Irrigation and Structures

CH-XI-8 Chapter 10 –Summary & Conclusion - Final Report M/s Lal Ferro Alloys Co. (P) Ltd, Vill- Biswasdih, Giridih, Jharkhand Induction Furnace (18000 TPA), Pig Iron (12000 TPA), Hard Coke (15000 TPA)

GEOTECHNICAL INVESTIGATION Bharat Sanchar Nigam Bharat Sanchar Nigam Soil Exploring & 1. Tele Services Ltd. (BSNL Sambalpur Ltd. (BSNL Sambalpur Testing Div.) Div.) Soil Exploring & 2. Hydro Cargill India Pvt. Ltd. Cargill India Pvt. Ltd. Testing Puriv Bharat Paper & Puriv Bharat Paper & Soil Exploring & 3. Power Power Ltd. Power Ltd. Testing Soil Exploring & 4. Construction Vipul Ltd. Vipul Ltd. Testing OCL India Ltd., Soil Exploring & 5. Cement OCL India Ltd. Rajgangpur Testing OCL India Ltd., (Kapilas Soil Exploring & 6. Cement OCL India Ltd. Cement Work) Testing Aluminium Soil Exploring & 7. Aditya Aluminium Aditya Aluminium Smelter Testing Deepak Fertilisers and Deepak Fertilisers and Soil Exploring & 8. Fertiliser Petrochemicals Petrochemicals Testing Corporation Limited Corporation Limited Soil Exploring & 9. Engineering Larsen & Turbo Limited Larsen & Turbo Limited Testing Jindal India Thermal Jindal India Thermal Soil Exploring & 10. Power Power Limited Power Limited Testing Soil Exploring & 11. Tyre Birla Tyres Ltd, Balasore. Birla Tyres Ltd , Balasore. Testing Builders & Soil Exploring & 12 Dharitri Projects Dharitri Projects Promoters Testing

CH-XI-9 Chapter 10 –Summary & Conclusion - Final Report M/s Lal Ferro Alloys Co. (P) Ltd, Vill- Biswasdih, Giridih, Jharkhand Induction Furnace (18000 TPA), Pig Iron (12000 TPA), Hard Coke (15000 TPA)

WATER SOURCING Shree Jagannath Metallik Shree Jagannath Metallik 1. Steel Water Sourcing Industries Ltd Industries Ltd Coal Dry Ardee Hi-Tech Private Ardee Hi-Tech Private 2. Water Sourcing Beneficiation Limited Limited Crackers India (Alloys) Crackers India (Alloys) 3 Steel Water Sourcing Ltd. Ltd. 4. Engineering Larsen & Turbo Limited Larsen & Turbo Limited Water Sourcing Monnet Ispat & Energy Monnet Ispat & Energy 5. Steel & Power Water Sourcing Ltd. Ltd. Monnet Power Company Monnet Power Company 6. Power Water Sourcing Ltd Ltd 7. Steel Rathi Udyog Ltd. Rathi Udyog Ltd. Water Sourcing 8. Steel Rungta Mines Ltd. Rungta Mines Ltd. Water Sourcing Bhaskar Steel & Ferro Bhaskar Steel & Ferro 9. Steel Water Sourcing Alloys Ltd. Alloys Ltd. Aluminium 10. Aditya Aluminium Aditya Aluminium Water Sourcing Smelter Orissa Cement Limited, Orissa Cement Limited, 11. Cement Water Sourcing Rajgangpur Rajgangpur 12. Steel Bajrang Ispat Limited Bajrang Ispat Limited Water Sourcing Orissa Cement Limited Orissa Cement Limited 13. Cement (Kapilas Cement Works), (Kapilas Cement Works), Water Sourcing Tangi Tangi 14. Steel Adhunik Metalliks Adhunik Metalliks Water Sourcing 15. Ferro Alloys Mangilal Rungta Mangilal Rungta Water Sourcing 16. Power SSL Energy Limited SSL Energy Limited Water Sourcing The Dhamra Port The Dhamra Port 17. Port Water Sourcing Company Limited Company Limited Integrated 18. Shyam Steel Ind. Ltd. Shyam Steel Ind. Ltd. Water Sourcing Steel

Chambal Infrastructure Chambal Infrastructure 19. Power Water Sourcing Ventures Limited Ventures Limited

20. Power Balasore Alloys Ltd Balasore Alloys Ltd Water Sourcing Jindal India Thermal Jindal India Thermal 21. Power Water Sourcing Power Limited Power Limited Rig 22. Manufacturin Oceanic Shipyard Ltd. Oceanic Shipyard Ltd. Water Sourcing g Unit Ship 23. Manufacturin Oceanic Shipyard Ltd. Oceanic Shipyard Ltd. Water Sourcing g Unit Iron Ore Welspun Orissa Steel Welspun Orissa Steel Pvt. 24. Benefication Water Sourcing Pvt. Ltd. Ltd. Plant

CH-XI-10 Chapter 10 –Summary & Conclusion - Final Report M/s Lal Ferro Alloys Co. (P) Ltd, Vill- Biswasdih, Giridih, Jharkhand Induction Furnace (18000 TPA), Pig Iron (12000 TPA), Hard Coke (15000 TPA)

Welspun Orissa Steel Welspun Orissa Steel Pvt. Water Sourcing 25. Pelletisation Pvt. Ltd. Ltd. 26. Power Bhubaneswar Power Ltd. Bhubaneswar Power Ltd. Water Sourcing 27. Power Adhunik Power Ltd. Adhunik Power Ltd. Water Sourcing Orissa Manganese and Orissa Manganese and Water Sourcing 28. Steel Minerals Ltd. Minerals Ltd. 29. Diary Shyam DRI Ltd. Shyam DRI Ltd. Water Sourcing Kalinga Energy & Power Kalinga Energy & Power Water Sourcing 30. Power Ltd. Ltd. Kalinga Mining Kalinga Mining Water Sourcing 31. Power Corporation Corporation 32. Mines Kamaljit Singh Ahhuwalia Kamaljit Singh Ahhuwalia Water Sourcing 33. Mines Ramesh Prasad Sao Ramesh Prasad Sao Water Sourcing 34. Steel Nixon Steel Nixon Steel Water Sourcing Poysha Power Project Water Sourcing 35. Power Poysha Power Project Ltd. Ltd. 36. Power Tata Power Tata Power Water Sourcing

GROUND WATER SOURCING

Jindal India Jindal India Thermal Water Intake & Pipe Line 1. Power Thermal Power Power Limited Corridor Study Limited Coal Dry Ardee Hi-Tech Ardee Hi-Tech Private Water Feasibility Study and 2. Beneficiation Private Limited Limited Water Management Plan Rig Oceanic Water Feasibility Study and 3. Manufacturing Oceanic Shipyard Ltd. Shipyard Ltd. Water Management Plan Unit Utkal Metaliks & Utkal Metaliks & Ferro Water Feasibility Study and 4. Steel Ferro Alloys Alloys Ltd. Water Management Plan Ltd. Aluminium Aditya 5. Aditya Aluminium Geotechnical Investigation Smelter Aluminium Adhunik Water Feasibility Study and 6. Steel Adhunik Metalliks Metalliks Water Management Plan Vedvyas Ispat 7. Sponge Adhunik Metalliks Ground Water Study Ltd. 8. Steel Zion Steel Ltd. Adhunik Metalliks Ground Water Study Sri M.P. Ispat & 9. Power Adhunik Metalliks Ground Water Study Power Pvt. Ltd. Water Feasibility Study and 10. Cement ECO Cement ECO Cement Water Management Plan

CH-XI-11 Chapter 10 –Summary & Conclusion - Final Report M/s Lal Ferro Alloys Co. (P) Ltd, Vill- Biswasdih, Giridih, Jharkhand Induction Furnace (18000 TPA), Pig Iron (12000 TPA), Hard Coke (15000 TPA)

SOLID / HAZARDOUS WASTE MANAGEMENT & ENGINEERING LANDFILL Design, Drawing & Birla Tyres Ltd , Birla Tyres Ltd , 1. Tyre Construction of Engineering Balasore. Balasore. Landfill Birla Tyres Ltd , Birla Tyres Ltd , Third Party Audit of Hazardous 2. Tyre Balasore. Balasore. Wastes Sponge 3. Rungta Mines Ltd. Rungta Mines Ltd. Solid Waste Management Iron Municipal Balasore Municipal Balasore Municipal DPR of Solid Waste 4. ity Corporation Corporation Management Neepaz Metaliks Solid & Hazardous Waste 5. Steel Neepaz Metaliks Ltd. Ltd. Management Preparation of Report for N. K. Bhojani Private N. K. Bhojani Hazardous Waste Management 6. Steel Ltd. Private Ltd. & 3rd party Audit of Hazardous Waste. Shri Mahavir Ferro Shri Mahavir Ferro Solid & Hazardous Waste 7. Steel Alloys Pvt. Ltd. Alloys Pvt. Ltd. Management Steel & Deepak Steel & Power Deepak Steel & Solid & Hazardous Waste 8. Power Ltd. Power Ltd. Management Steel & Beekay Steel & Power Beekay Steel & Solid & Hazardous Waste 9. Power Ltd. Power Ltd. Management Solid & Hazardous Waste 10. Steel Sree Metaliks Ltd. Sree Metaliks Ltd. Management Sree Ganesh Metaliks Sree Ganesh Solid & Hazardous Waste 11. Steel Ltd. Metaliks Ltd. Management Sponge T.R. Chemicals Pvt. T.R. Chemicals Pvt. Solid & Hazardous Waste 12. Iron Ltd (Unit-I) Ltd Management Sponge T.R. Chemicals Pvt. T.R. Chemicals Pvt. Solid & Hazardous Waste 13. Iron Ltd (Unit-II) Ltd Management N.K. Bhojani Pvt. Solid & Hazardous Waste 14. Steel N.K. Bhojani Pvt. Ltd. Ltd. Management Kusum Powermet Pvt. Kusum Powermet Solid Waste Management & 15. Steel Ltd. Pvt. Ltd. Liquid Waste Management Sponge Grewal Associates P. Grewal Associates 16. Solid Waste Management Iron Ltd. P. Ltd.

RAINWATER HARVESTING Birla Tyres Ltd, Birla Tyres Ltd, Construction of Recharging Pit for 1. Tyre Balasore. Balasore. Rain Water Harvesting

EFFLUENT TREATMENT PLANT & SEWAGE TREATMENT PLANT

1. Marine Kalinga Marines Kalinga Marines Design, Drawing &

CH-XI-12 Chapter 10 –Summary & Conclusion - Final Report M/s Lal Ferro Alloys Co. (P) Ltd, Vill- Biswasdih, Giridih, Jharkhand Induction Furnace (18000 TPA), Pig Iron (12000 TPA), Hard Coke (15000 TPA)

Ltd. Ltd. Commissioning of ETP Prithwiraj Dairy Prithwiraj Dairy Design, Drawing & 2. Dairy Products Pvt.Ltd. Products Pvt.Ltd. Commissioning of ETP Health Food Health Food Design, Drawing & 3. Food Product Pvt.Ltd. Product Pvt.Ltd. Commissioning of ETP Mamta Agro Mamta Agro Foods Design, Drawing & 4. Soft Drink Foods (P) Ltd (P) Ltd Commissioning of ETP Teekay Marines Teekay Marines Design, Drawing, Erection & 5. Marine Pvt. Ltd. Pvt. Ltd. Commissioning of ETP Falcon Marine Falcon Marine Design, Drawing & 6. Marine Export Ltd., Export Ltd. Commissioning of ETP (3 Nos.) Paradeep Falcon Marine Falcon Marine Design, Drawing & 7. Marine Export Ltd., Export Ltd. Commissioning of ETP (3 Nos.) Chandaka Falcon Marine Falcon Marine Design, Drawing & 8. Marine Export Ltd., Export Ltd. Commissioning of ETP (3 Nos.) Mancheswar The Aska Co- The Aska Co- Sugar & 9. operative Sugar operative Sugar ETP Renovation & Consultancy Distillery Industries Ltd Industries Ltd East –Cost 10. Hotel BNR Hotel Purri Annual maintenance of ETP Railway. East –Cost East –Cost Detailed Design Drawing Railway. Railway. Construction of ETP with Eraction 11. Railway Carriage Repair Carriage Repair & Commissioning, Annual Workshop Workshop maintenance of ETP Magnum Sea Magnum Sea Installation and Commissioning of 12. Marine Foods Pvt. Ltd., Foods Pvt. Ltd. ETP Bhubaneswar Magnum Estate Magnum Estate Installation and Commissioning of 13. Marine Pvt. Ltd., Balasore Pvt. Ltd., ETP Consultancy, Detail Engineering, Assistance in Material Eastern Foods Eastern Foods 14. Rice Procurement, Site Supervision, Private Limited Private Limited Erection, Testing & Commissioning of ETP Design, Drawing, Supply, Birla Tyres Ltd , Birla Tyres Ltd , 15. Tyre Erection & Commissioning & Balasore. Balasore. Operation-maintenance of ETP National National Alluminium Design, Drawing & 16. Alluminium Alluminium Company, Nalco Commissioning of ETP Company Nagar Maa Durga Rice Maa Durga Rice Design, Drawing & 17. Rice Processing & Processing & Commissioning of ETP Exports Pvt. Ltd Exports Pvt. Ltd

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Design, Drawing & 18. Diary OMFED, Balasore OMFED, Balasore Commissioning of ETP OMFED, OMFED, Design, Drawing & 19. Diary Berhampur Berhampur Commissioning of ETP Krupalu Rice Krupalu Rice Design, Drawing & 20. Rice Industries Industries Commissioning of ETP Jai Laxmi Rice Design, Drawing & 21. Rice Jai Laxmi Rice Mill Mill Commissioning of ETP Design, Drawing & 22. Rice Rameswar Agro Rameswar Agro Commissioning of ETP

DETAILED DESIGN & ENGINEERING 1. Minor GSM Power Pack European Micro Planning of 10000 Hec. Irrigation Pvt. Ltd. Commissioned Through European Aided Minor Commissioned Aided Minor Irrigation Prject Irrigation Project 2. Irrigation Deptt. Of Water Deptt. Of Water Survey, Planning & Design for Resources, Govt. Resources, Govt. Macro Irrigation of 5 packages of Orissa of Orissa (Subarnarekha Irr. Project) 3. Earth Dam Aditya Aditya Alluminium Detailed design Engineering of and Surplus Alluminium Earthdam and weir across river Weir Pathagarh under RVN Basin 4. Deptt of Rural Works Rural Works Detailed project report for Works Division, Division, Baripada Construction Road of length 100 Baripada km. under PMGSY scheme for Rural Works Division, Baripada

CH-XI-14 Chapter 10 –Summary & Conclusion - Final Report M/s Lal Ferro Alloys Co. (P) Ltd, Vill- Biswasdih, Giridih, Jharkhand Induction Furnace (18000 TPA), Pig Iron (12000 TPA), Hard Coke (15000 TPA)

11.7 ENVIRONMENT POLICY Good environment management is the central focus of our business activities. We extend this through our own operation and management, in order to reflect positively in our clients, share holders and staffs. Visiontek takes its commitment to quality, health, safety & environmental management very seriously.

11.8 INVOLVEMENT IN THE EIA VCSPL has carried out a large number of assignments in Environmental Impact Assessment and Environmental Management Plans (EMP) in the following fields:

• Thermal Power Stations. • Mines. • Chemical Industries. • Tyre Manufacturing Plants. • Cement Plants. • Ferro Alloys Plants. • Integrated Steel Plants etc. • Mega Ship Yard • Rig Manufacturing Unit • Paper Mills • Housing Projects, etc The organization helps the Government bodies and other agencies in identifying and specifying EIA requirements. The task included highlighting environmental constraints, monitoring air & water qualities, determining soil characteristics, background noise levels for the identification of the projects impact on the environment. Impact on Flora, Fauna and Agriculture and impact on land use are then carried out. The organization is also undertaking post project impact studies

CH-XI-15