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Fresh Fruits and Vegetables Import Manual 1 United States Department of Fresh Fruits and Agriculture Animal and Vegetables Import Plant Health Inspection Service Manual 1 Plant Protection and Quarantine The U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) prohibits discrimination in all its programs and activities on the basis of race, color, national origin, age, disability, and where applicable, sex, marital status, familial status, parental status, religion, sexual orientation, genetic information, political beliefs, reprisal, or because all or part of an individual’s income is derived from any public assistance program. (Not all prohibited bases apply to all programs.) Persons with disabilities who require alternative means for communication of program information (Braille, large print, audiotape, etc.) should contact USDA’s TARGET Center at (202) 720-2600 (voice and TDD). To file a complaint of discrimination, write to USDA, Director, Office of Civil Rights, 1400 Independence Avenue, S.W., Washington, D.C. 20250-9410, or call (800) 795-3272 (voice) or (202) 720-6382 (TDD). USDA is an equal opportunity provider and employer. Mention of companies or commercial products does not imply recommendation or endorsement by the U.S. Department of Agriculture over others not mentioned. USDA neither guarantees nor warrants the standard of any product mentioned. Product names are mentioned solely to report factually on available data and to provide specific information. This publication reports research involving pesticides. All uses of pesticides must be registered by appropriate State and/or Federal agencies before they can be recommended. CAUTION: Pesticides can be injurious to humans, domestic animals, desirable plants, fish, or other wildlife—if they are not handled or applied properly. Use all pesticides selectively and carefully. Follow recommended practices for the disposal of surplus pesticides and pesticide containers. Contents 1 Fruits and Vegetables Manual Figures v Tables vii Introduction 1-1 Procedures 2-1 Reference 3-1 Identification Guide of Vegetables and Herbs 4-1 Identification Guide of Exotic Fruits 5-1 List of Approved Names 6-1 Appendix A A-1 Appendix B B-1 Glossary Glossary-1 Index Glossary-1 Comment Sheet i 01/2010-93 Fruits and Vegetables Manual 3 PPQ Contents 4 Fruits and Vegetables Manual 01/2010-93 PPQ Figures 1 Fruits and Vegetables Manual Figure 1-1 Articles Covered by the Fruits and Vegetables Import Manual (not all inclusive) 1-2 Figure 2-2 Overview of the General Inspection Procedures 2-7 Figure 2-3 Extracted from PPQ Form 309A (September 2008) 2-33 Figure 2-4 Pears Infected with Asian Pear Black Spot 2-57 Figure 3-1 Geographic Abbreviations Used in the Reference 3-4 01/2010-93 Fruits and Vegetables Manual 7 PPQ Figures 8 Fruits and Vegetables Manual 01/2010-93 PPQ Tables 1 Fruits and Vegetables Manual Table 1-1 How to Use Decision Tables 1-7 Table 1-2 Where To Report Problems with the F&V Manual 1-10 Table 2-1 Where to Collect Information Needed 2-4 Table 2-2 Categories of Consignments 2-8 Table 2-3 Two Categories of General Admissibility 2-9 Table 2-4 Determine Regulatory Action Based on Entry Status and Conditions of Entry 2-11 Table 2-5 Action to Take on Commingled Consignments 2-12 Table 2-6 Locator for Special Procedures 2-14 Table 2-7 Action to Take Based on Inspection Results 2-16 Table 2-8 Action to Take Based on Inspection Results and Identification Authority 2-17 Table 2-9 Locator for the Action to Take on U.S. Returned Fruits and Vegetables 2-19 Table 2-10 Action to Take on U.S. Citrus Encountered in Cargo 2-20 Table 2-11 Action to Take on Noncitrus Encountered in Cargo 2-20 Table 2-12 Action to Take on Citrus Encountered in Passenger Baggage and Provisions 2-21 Table 2-13 Action to Take on Noncitrus Encountered in Passenger Baggage and Provisions 2-21 Table 2-14 Regulatory Action for Fresh Fruits and Vegetables in International Mail 2-22 Table 2-15 Action to Take on Noncommercial Consignments of Admissible Japanese Produce Entering Hawaii 2-24 Table 2-16 Action to Take Based on the Statement on the 203 2-25 Table 2-17 Checking Quantities of Produce Authorized 2-29 Table 2-18 Action to Take Based on the Integrity of Seals 2-29 Table 2-19 Checking Authorized Commodities and Quantities 2-31 Table 2-20 Action to Take Based on Seal Integrity 2-32 10/2010-122 Fruits and Vegetables Manual 5 PPQ Tables Table 2-21 Action to Take Based on Integrity Inspection 2-33 Table 2-22 Sampling Scheme Based on Consignment Size 2-37 Table 2-23 Procedures for Inspecting Bananas based on Origin and How Shipped 2-40 Table 2-24 Procedures for Inspecting Banana fruit from Africa 2-41 Table 2-25 Action to Take on Infested Beans 2-42 Table 2-26 Deciding Whether an Oral Authorization is Appropriate 2-47 Table 2-27 Regulating Corn Smut Galls 2-48 Table 2-28 Two Categories of Ethrog Consignments 2-49 Table 2-29 Commercial Consignments of Ethrogs 2-49 Table 2-30 Regulatory Action Based on Inspection Results 2-50 Table 2-31 Action to Take on Grapes from Namibia Based on Pests Intercepted Associated with Grapes 2-51 Table 2-32 Action to Take on Unprecleared South African Grapes Based on Pests Intercepted Associated with the Grapes 2-52 Table 2-33 Action to Take on Okra from the West Indies, Brazil, Colombia, Ecuador, Guyana, Mexico, Peru, Suriname, Trinidad and Tobago, and Venezuela 2-54 Table 2-34 Determining How Many Boxes to Open and Inspect 2-58 Table 2-35 Action to Take Based on Contamination by Leaves 2-58 Table 2-36 Locator Table for LBAM Host Material 2-61 Table 2-37 Inspectional Unit 2-63 Table 2-38 Sampling Rates 2-64 Table 3-1 Geographic Designations for Ports of Entry 3-5 Table 3-2 Import Requirements and Canadian Growing Seasons for Fruits and Vegetables 3-56 Table 3-3 Irradiation For Certain Plant Pests In Imported Regulated Articles 3-328 6 Fruits and Vegetables Manual 10/2010-122 PPQ 1 Introduction 1 Fruits and Vegetables Manual Contents Purpose 1-1 Scope 1-2 Users 1-4 Related Documents 1-4 Code of Federal Regulations 1-5 Manual for Agricultural Clearance 1-5 Treatment Manual 1-5 Application 1-5 Conventions 1-6 Advisories 1-6 Boldface 1-6 Bullets 1-6 Chapters 1-6 Contents 1-7 Control Data 1-7 Decision Tables 1-7 Heading Levels 1-8 Hypertext Links (Highlighting) to Tables, Figures, and Headings 1-8 Indentions 1-8 Italics 1-8 Numbering Scheme 1-9 Color Codes 1-7 Using the Manual 1-9 Reporting Problems with or Suggestions for the Manual 1-10 Manual Updates 1-10 Ordering Additional Manuals and Revisions 1-11 Purpose The Fruits and Vegetables Import Manual provides the background, procedures, and reference tables for regulating imported articles of fresh, usable parts of plants such as fruits, stems, leaves, roots, and flowers (herbs and vegetables). These imported articles are not intended for planting or growing, but they might serve to introduce exotic pests. The articles from the countries of origin listed in this manual are regulated because just one destructive pest might be enough to start a pest outbreak that can cause millions of dollars of damage to crops, trees, flowers, or lawns. By their destructiveness, pests can increase the price and reduce the quality of 04/2010-101 Fruits and Vegetables Manual 1-1 PPQ Introduction Scope food, lower property values, and ruin recreational areas. The extinction of just one plant species does away with the aesthetic, ecological, educational, historical, recreational, commercial, and scientific value of our world. Scope The Fruits and Vegetables Import Manual covers all fresh fruits and vegetables including fresh herbs and sprouts and immature nuts that have not been separated from their husk, that are imported from any foreign country, Palau, Federated States of Micronesia, or Northern Mariana Islands. These fresh fruits, vegetables, and herbs must be intended for consumption—not planting or growing. Only the approved plant part(s) of the fresh fruits, vegetables, and herbs is allowed entry. See Figure 1-1 for some of the more common fruits and vegetables listed in this manual. Fruits Vegetables Herbs Apples Edible inflorescences Mint Citrus Broccoli Oregano Grapes Globe artichokes Sorrel Pears Leafy vegetables Lettuce Mustard Watercress Root crops Carrots Horseradishes Stem crops Celery Rhubarb Tuberous crops Potatoes Legumes Pigeon peas Winged beans Figure 1-1Articles Covered by the Fruits and Vegetables Import Manual (not all inclusive) The manual also has the procedures for regulating foreign produce that is transiting the United States. The manual is divided into the following chapters: 1. Introduction 1-2 Fruits and Vegetables Manual 04/2010-101 PPQ Introduction Scope 2. Procedures 3. Reference 4. Vegetable Identification Guide 5. Fruit Identification Guide 6. List of Commodity Names The manual also includes four Appendixes, a Glossary, and an Index. The Introduction contains basic information about the Fruits and Vegetables Import Manual. This chapter includes the manual’s purpose, scope, users, and application; a list of related documents that provide the authority for the manual’s content; directions about how to use the manual; and the conventions (unfamiliar or unique symbols and highlighting) that appear throughout the manual. The Procedures provides the prerequisites, the general inspection procedures for clearing commercial and noncommercial importations of fruits and vegetables, and special procedures for specifically described importations of fruits and vegetables. The Reference is a listing of admissible fruits and vegetables from foreign countries, Federated States of Micronesia, Guam, Northern Mariana Islands, and Palau.
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