Special features 67 JULY 2018 JULY FOOD OUTLOOK 2 The largest of the minor tropical fruits in output terms The largest of the minor tropical Given the informality of production, most producing countries do not routinely countries do not routinely most producing Given the informality of production, This analyses difficult. fruits, rendering on minor tropical or collect data record tropical situation of global minor assessment of the current an presents report to the FAO and trade, based on data collected and conveyed fruit production of as well as desk research countries, industry sources, by some producing secondary data sources.

2 PRODUCTION at an annual average growth Following a decade of strong of minor production global aggregate rate of 3.8 percent, in declines some weather-related fruits suffered tropical 24 million tonnes 2016 and 2017, arriving at an estimated fruits is of minor tropical in 2017. The value of production 2017. The bulk of estimated at close to USD 20 billion in volume and varietal terms, is fruits, in both these tropical to have accounted in Asia, which is estimated produced over the global production of aggregate for 86 percent rank as the largest 2015-2017 triennium. India and China of and 22 percent accounting for 24 percent producers, but their total global output in 2015-2017 respectively, destined for domestic markets. is almost exclusively produce mostly located in Southeast are Other significant producers Asia, with Thailand, Indonesia and Viet Nam accounting for of global output combined. Brazil, one third approximately of passion fruit, meanwhile held an as the leading producer of total global minor tropical of 7 percent estimated share is in Brazil in 2015-17. Again, production fruit production domestic demand primarily for local consumption. Strong price levels. helps sustain robust is guava, with an estimated volume of 6.8 million tonnes over the triennium 2015-2017. Longan and lychee, two accounted for an estimated fruits of the soapberry family, of 3.4 and 3.5 million tonnes, respectively. production of durian, a highly popular fruit in Southeast Production Asia and China, was estimated at 2.3 million tonnes in 2015-2017. Meanwhile, rambutan, another popular fruit in Asia, and passion fruit, a staple in the fruit basket of Brazil, 1.4 million tonnes volumes of around production reached each in 2015-2017.

1

Contrary to their major counterparts, only a small share a small share Contrary to their major counterparts, only still fruits are In international markets, minor tropical http://www.fao.org/3/a-I8080e.pdf

1 As a follow-up to the assessment of global prospects for assessment of global prospects As a follow-up to the 2017 fruits published in the November major tropical Sabine Altendorf [email protected] Contributed by: Mainstreaming a niche market Mainstreaming FRUITS TROPICAL MINOR issue of Food Outlook, this special feature focuses on issue of Food Outlook, this special feature fruits markets. developments in minor tropical enters local markets, fruit production of minor tropical varieties continue and, with few exceptions, the different grown. they are where to be little known outside the areas fruits are and trade of minor tropical production However, of their mainly in recognition gaining importance globally, minor areas, contribution to a healthy diet. In producing not only in food and role fruits play an important tropical of income. Available nutrition security but also as a source indicate that areas producing key household surveys from fruits can account for up to minor tropical from the revenue income of small rural households. of the entire 75 percent the are In Cambodia, for example, fruits and vegetables the after rice, and provide second most important crop for most households in of income main additional source In terms of agricultural export earnings, trade the country. fruits weighs non-trivially in Thailand in minor tropical and Viet Nam. For Thailand, the latest estimates point to of total of nearly USD 1.3 billion – or 7 percent revenues fruits agricultural earnings exports of minor tropical – from in 2017. Only a small as a novelty or niche product. regarded number of varieties tend to be available either through ethnic markets targeting migrant consumers, mostly channels targeting retail of Asian origin, or premium market consumers. However, conspicuous and affluent opportunities have shown to be developing rapidly in China and other emerging markets on the back of income and urbanization. Demand is also set on an upward growth trajectory in key developed markets, most importantly health to increasing the US and EU, mainly in response and changing dietary preferences. awareness Special features 68 Source: Official andunofficial sources includingauthor’s estimates 3 fast growth inresponse toincreasing domesticdemand. in Indonesia.Inallcountries,jackfruitproduction hasseen 1 million tonnesinBangladeshandaround 700000 tonnes approximately 1.8million tonnesinIndiaover2015-2017, for itsconsumers.Average outputofjackfruitstoodat the fruitplaysasignificant role inthenutritionsecurity taste-wise. Givenjackfruit’s richmicronutrient profile, mostly prepared asameatsubstitute,appearance-and known staplefruitinIndiaandBangladesh,where itis 3.7 million tonnes in2015-2017.Jackfruitisawidely Lychee Guava Longan Passion Fruit Durian Mangosteen Rambutan Others Total Source: Official andunofficial sources includingauthor’s estimates

carambola (starfruit);dragonfruit;salak(snakefruit);andlansat. category inthestatisticaltables,whichfurtherincludesproduction volumesof Estimates onglobaljackfruitproduction are currently includedinthe‘Others’ Production ofjackfruit tropical fruit landscape tropical fruitlandscape Guava dominatestheminor (2015-2017): Figure 1. Annual average production bytype tsan tnnes JULY 2018 FOOD OUTLOOK 24 576.3 aa 3 477.2 6 752.5 3 445.4 1 468.8 2 295.0 1 386.1 5 205.4 World 545.9 nan 21 908.1 3 333.4 5 519.3 3 445.4 2 295.0 1 386.1 5 202.1 Asia 181.5 545.2 Table 1.Minortropical fruitkeyproducing regions‘000 mt) andcountries( ee Africa 124.3 435.6 599.0 3 39.1 amountedtoanestimated - - - - - ran America 223.5 & Car. Centr. 249.3 19.5 6.3 - - - - - assn S. America rt 1 241.8 1 819.9 574.1 - - - - 0.6 3.3 amtan Dev’d 36.7 31.3 77.3 9.3 - - - - -

Mansteen Average (2015-2017) 18 747.8 Dev’ing 6 715.9 3 468.0 3 445.4 2 295.0 1 386.1 1 437.5 - - 2 215.8 1 919.4 4 500.7 China 365.5 - - - - - individual fruits. explicit HarmonisedSystem(HS)classificationforthe difficult toobtain,sinceapartfrom durian,there isno guava andpassionfruit. most importantlythebetterknownfruitssuchaslychee, routinely stockagrowing arrayofminortropical fruits, markets. RetailersintheUSandEUhavestartedto fruits are addingtodemandforthesefruitsindeveloped awareness ofthenutritionalbenefitsminortropical consciousness amongWesternconsumersandthegrowing to maintaintheirdietarypreferences. Higherhealth with migration,consumersofAsianorigintending exporter. recipient ofminortropical fruitsfrom Thailand,theleading to demandfrom China,thelargestimporterandmain experiencing rapidincomegrowth. Thisparticularlyapplies where demandforpremium fruitsisstrongest incountries original confines.ThebulkoftradetakesplacewithinAsia, trade hasmovedminortropical fruitsoutsidetheirnarrow bulk ofminortropical fruitsisproduced andconsumed, Previously littleknownoutsidetheFarEast,where the TRADE 5 4 of 1.7million tonnesin2017 mango. Thethree fruitscombinedreached atradevolume mangosteen are reported togetherwiththemore important

the November2017issueofFoodOutlook(http://www.fao.org/3/a-I8080e.pdf). fruits (includingmangoaswellpineapple,papayaandavocado)canbefoundin Comprehensive analysisonrecent developmentsandtheoutlookformajortropical minor tropical fruit. HS codesofhigherthan6digits–informationremains sparseonspeciesof than USD50 millionare collectedatanaggregate level.Evenatthe‘tariffline’ – World CustomsOrganization, dataonfruitwithanannualtradevalueofless Given thesmallvolumesoftradedquantities,andasperregulation ofthe 3 885.0 1 854.7 6 306.7 India Global dataonthetradeofminortropical fruitsremain In developedmarkets,importdemandhasevolved 567.0 - - - - - Indonesia 1 694.0 3 799.6 264.8 862.1 692.0 114.6 172.0 - - 4 Assuch,HStradedataonguavaand Thailand 2 673.3 218.1 980.3 717.6 344.8 349.7 52.8 10.0 - 1 963.7 Nam 374.8 517.1 253.0 261.4 513.3 Viet Viet 24.2 20.0 - 5 , butavailableinformation 1 301.3 Brazil 353.2 948.1 ------Malaysia 381.6 569.9 49.5 62.7 20.9 50.2 5.0 - - Pakistan 474.2 478.7 4.3 0.2 - - - - - Philippines 10.8 74.7 93.6 7.7 0.4 - - - - Special features 69

2 Others 2017 85 000 51 000 609 000 JULY 2018 JULY 2 000 000 2 745 000 FOOD OUTLOOK Guava an rans an s nees 1 China (Mainland) 2007 22 818 17 113 rk t 171 627 957 476 (‘000 mt) 1 169 034 ychee L Viet Nam 2 Rambutan Table 2. Estimated volumes of global trade in Table fruit minor tropical Figure 2. Value of Thai exports by destination of Thai exports 2. Value Figure 2017 identified separately because of their minor relevance in international trade. identified separately because of their minor includes, inter alia, data on longan, lychee, passion fruit and The group in this table exclude export volumes of durian, which are rambutan. Figures separately. reported Preliminary estimates. Preliminary Durian Guava Mangosteen Others Total Data refer to HS code 081090, which clusters other fresh fruit that are not fruit that are to HS code 081090, which clusters other fresh Data refer

Source: Official and unofficial sources including author’s estimates including author’s sources and unofficial Official Source: Official and unofficial sources including author’s estimates including author’s sources and unofficial Official Source: 1 2 Durian Passion Fruit Mangosteen re rtra Marketn ere esae re ata rm te termna markets stn e re rtra Marketn ere esae re ata rm te termna markets stn Figure 3. US Wholesale prices 3. Figure er Similarly, exports of minor tropical fruits from Thailand, Thailand, fruits from exports of minor tropical Similarly, Trade data for longan, lychee, passion fruit and lychee, passion fruit data for longan, Trade

While overall, global trade in fresh minor tropical fruits is minor tropical While overall, global trade in fresh of 10 percent estimated to account for only approximately potential for exporters, is ample commercial there production, including low-income countries. With wholesale unit prices OUTLOOK rambutan are clustered under the Harmonised System (HS) the Harmonised under clustered are rambutan not fruit that are other fresh together with code 081090, because of their limited importance classified separately reached collectively at the international level. This group of 2 million tonnes in 2017. Withina global trade volume Viet ranked as the largest Nam and Thailand this cluster, of and 23 percent for 32 percent exporters, accounting Viet Nam in 2017. Notably, global shipments, respectively, fruits over for minor tropical fast trade growth registered a total of export volumes from the past decade, expanding to an estimated 600 000 tonnes in 59 000 tonnes in 2007 2017 (all items in HS code 081090). over the past the largest supplier overall, nearly tripled in 2007 to 930 000 tonnes in 332 000 tonnes decade, from important commercial fruits constitute 2017. Minor tropical destined for all production in Thailand, with half of crops and Viet to China Nam. For durian, exports, predominantly 609 000 tonnes in 2017, an estimated global trade reached ago, with Thailand again 172 000 tonnes a decade up from over this period to having consistently dominated exports the tune of 90 percent suggests that guava and mangosteen accounted for shares for shares accounted guava and mangosteen suggests that of the total, respectively. 3 percent of only 5 and Special features 70 perishable fruitsare managedefficiently andcost-effectively. post-harvest handlingandtransportationofthesehighly lucrative tosmallholderfarmersthanstaplecrops, provided mangosteen, cultivatingminortropical fruitscouldbemore lychees, toaround USD13/kgfordurian,passionfruitand in theUSrangingfrom around USD4/kgforguavasand rambutan, whichusuallyexperiencehigherdemandand observed forsomefruitssuchaslychee,longanand critical toopeningnewmarkets. life andloweringthecostofdistributionare therefore post-harvest handling,newtechnologiestoprolong shelf perishable produce tomarketsswiftly. Improvements in of infrastructure andlogisticsnecessarytogetthehighly penetration, aproblem thatisoftencompoundedbyalack impedesmarket quantity andqualityofsupplyinturn tropical fruitscandisplayhighlevelsofvolatility. Theerratic availabilities forexports.Consequently, pricesforminor and diseases,affect production stabilityandregular threaten floweringandfruitbearing,promote pests induced shocksandtheimpactofclimatechangeoften market supplyandlargepricefluctuations. Weather- by shortharvestingperiods,whichresults inirregular minor tropical fruitsismostlyseasonal,oftencharacterized harvesting offruitwhenripe.Moreover, thecultivationof farming, aswellhighperishability, especiallyinthe to eitherlowqualityorproductivity insmall-scale from nichetomainstream. Onthesupplyside,these relate supply anddemandsideinmovingminortropical fruits Source: Official customsdata Total Rambutan Mangosteens Lychees Longans Jackfruit (incl.Cempedak&Nangka) Guavas Durians Tonnes On thedemandside,seasonalvariationsare also However, anumberofchallengespersistonboththe JULY 2018 FOOD OUTLOOK Table 3.Evolutionofexportsfrom Thailand2007-2017000 (‘ 332 423 112 752 157 407 46 860 10 372 2007 2 241 2 183 607 354 669 203 127 2008 43 979 91 567 5 521 5 880 3 028 1 567 550 797 117 690 144 154 256 172 2009 16 811 5 347 8 623 2 001 428 496 119 263 207 501 2010 72 705 12 283 7 822 6 496 2 426 6 tropical fruitrevenue ofUSD1.3billionin2017. when viewedinlightofThailand’s totalestimatedminor the importanceandpotentialofsouth-southtrade and ChinaalonecouldexceedUSD1billion.Thishighlights exports ofminortropical fruitfrom Nam ThailandtoViet Preliminary estimatesfor2018indicatethatthevalueof tropical fruitsectorscouldarisefrom south-southtrade. related non-communicablediseases. in thecontextofrisingoverweightandobesityrates products, minortropical fruitscouldgainmarketshares consumer awareness. Aslow-caloriebutnutrient-rich competitive prices,andnotleast,through strengthening and distribution,enablingthemtobeoffered atmore most importantlybyloweringtheircostofproduction on makingthesefruitsmore accessibletotheconsumer, Much ofthefuture marketpenetrationwillbecontingent hindrances, especiallyfordestinationsindevelopedregions. private standards imposedbysupermarketsactas phytosanitary certification requirements andstringent more marketplace.Furthermore, expansiveinternational concerns about‘foodmiles’ concerns consumer awareness, highunitpricesandincreasing processing andpreparation forretail sales.Alackof fluctuations, asare thecostsassociatedwithadditional January. Varying transportcostsare anothercauseofprice example, generallypeaksinDecemberandvanishes developed markets.European demandforlychee, peak pricingduringfestiveperiodsinbothAsianand

The perception thatlongdistancevaluechainsare environmentally unfriendly. 581 208 111 451 162 441 271 948 In theshorterterm,amore promising stimulustominor 2011 12 027 16 548 3 750 3 043 673 204 148 844 129 255 351 124 2012 11 242 11 642 18 201 2 896 751 866 215 182 140 232 367 056 2013 17 644 4 222 3 461 4 069 799 026 195 108 196 666 369 602 6 2014 posefurtherobstaclestoa 20 642 3 882 8 138 4 985 mt) 685 686 178 384 110 729 358 192 2015 21 476 6 743 4 260 5 901 717 316 142 877 125 526 403 634 2016 31 938 2 233 4 748 6 360 961 475 205 467 213 981 488 716 2017 32 453 9 333 4 900 6 625 Commodity Focus Special features

GUAVA AND MANGOSTEEN

At an estimated production volume of 6.5 million tonnes include Pakistan, Egypt, China and Brazil. With respect to in 2017, guava is the largest of the minor tropical fruits trade, Ecuador ranks as the key player, with an estimated in terms of production volume. The fruit is predominantly export volume of 30 000 tonnes in 2017. cultivated and consumed in Asia. India ranks as the major Production of mangosteen, predominantly pursued guava producing country, accounting for an estimated in Southeast Asian countries, reached an estimated 56 percent of total global output in 2017. Adverse weather 700 000 tonnes in 2017. The fruit, known for its appealing conditions were reported to have significantly reduced yields flavour, is also gaining recognition thanks to its antioxidant in the country, leading to a production decline by 10 percent, properties and versatile uses that span nutritional, to 3.6 million tonnes, in 2017. Production in India is almost pharmaceutical and industrial uses. Thailand ranks firmly entirely directed towards domestic consumption, with only as the leading producer and exporter of mangosteen, a negligible volume of approximately 2 100 tonnes exported at an estimated output of 530 000 tonnes and reported to the US, EU, Saudi Arabia, Kuwait and Jordan. Other shipments of 205 000 tonnes in 2017, an increase of noteworthy producers, albeit at significantly lower levels, 44 percent compared with 2016. @ kovalvs Guava fruit @ nuwatphoto Purple mangosteen

FOOD OUTLOOK 71 JULY 2018 Special features Longan fruit @ topphoto 72 of anestimated140 percent. approximately 49000 tonnesin2017,anannualincrease grown longans.ImportsoflongansbyChinareached due totheirsuperiorqualitycompared withdomestically particularly soughtafterinChinaandfetchhigherprices a slowergrowth ratethanin2016.Thailongansare both drought andexcessiveprecipitation –leadingto slowed in2017duetoadverseweatherconditions– crop expansion.Production growth inThailandreportedly as thelargestexportertoChina–investingheavilyin these developments,withbothChinaitselfandThailand – 2007-2016. RisingdemandinChinaisthemaindriverof an estimated4.6 percent annualaveragegrowth over expansion inglobalproduction overthepastdecade,with 15 percent ofglobalproduction, respectively. Nam, whichcurrently accountforapproximately 50,30and production isonlypursuedinChina,ThailandandViet in India,SriLankaandMyanmar. However, large-scale is widelycultivatedthroughout Asia,includinglocations China,thefruit fruit behindguava.OriginatinginSouthern placing longanasthesecondmostimportantminortropical estimated tohavereached 3.6million tonnesin2017, largest producers. Intotal,worldlonganproduction is following strong demandinChinaandThailand,thetwo 6 percent involumetermsbetween2016and2017, Global production oflonganincreased byanestimated LONGAN A closerelative tolychee,longanhasseenrapid JULY 2018 FOOD OUTLOOK disrupted floweringinthecountry’s keyproducing But in2016andagain2017,adverseweatherseverely producer withaglobaloutputshare ofaround 60 percent. and historically, thecountryhasrankedaslargest 8 percent from theprevious year. reached 3.3million tonnesin2017,representing afallof Nam.Totaland Viet globaloutputisestimatedtohave conditions intwoofthekeyproducing countries,China contractions since2015owingtounfavourableweather Global lycheeproduction hasendured year-on-year LYCHEE significantly. are expectedtoincrease thevolumeoftheirshipments cater torapidlygrowing importdemandfrom China,and Australia havestartedtoinvestinproduction expansionto and newmarketentrants.Forexample,longangrowers in is providing investmentincentivestobothexistinggrowers commercial scopeformovingtolonganproduction. This well asthepotentiallylargerprofit margins,there isfurther fruit’s variouspositiveattributescompared withlycheeas substitute forlychee.GiventherisingdemandinChina, treatment toextenditsshelflife,makeitapopular and thefactthatfruitdoesnotrequire chemical fruit losingquality. Longan’s veryhighvitaminCcontent, lychee trees, and harvestingcanbepostponedwithoutthe The fruit is native to the southern regionThe fruitisnativetothesouthern ofChina, Longan trees are considerablymore productive than

Fresh lychees @ tristantan71

Special features

@ davidgn @

fruit Durian 73 129 174 2017 14 106 (estim.) 608 754 105 537 488 716 JULY 2018 JULY 37 10 2016 94 352 17 754 514 839 402 660 FOOD OUTLOOK 0 71 2015 23 189 19 892 401 473 358 192 94 11 2 087 2014 13 215 385 086 369 602 0 18 820 2013 20 152 388 346 367 057 3 n/a 19 Global trade in durian reached an estimated reached Global trade in durian 2012 23 521 374 852 351 124 With and volume of 840 000 production an estimated and Indonesia Thailand respectively, 860 000 tonnes, of world 70 percent accounted for approximately combined produced in 2017, with the remainder durian production and Vietby Malaysia and at an estimated 390 000 Nam, exceptionally Durian is an 270 000 tonnes, respectively. fruits and, being one of the most prolific high-value crop, market for durian is experiencing in Southeast Asia, the much- its Its popularity arises not only from vibrant growth. yet unique odour. its strong, also from heralded taste, but of 18 percent an increase 609 000 tonnes in 2017, main with 2016. Thailand by far ranks as the compared accounting for an average 82 percent exporter of durian, as the leading of world shipments over 2015-2017. China, an estimated annual average importer of durian, procured Testament of some 300 000 tonnes during 2015-2017. popularity beyond Asia, the value growing to the fruit’s by to the US increased durians of exports of Thai fresh USD 5.1 million. in 2017, to approximately 68 percent 1 n/a 145 2011 19 515 291 763 271 949 1 n/a 25 2010 15 390 222 928 207 501 1 n/a 35 Table 4. World exports of durian 2007-2017 (mt) 4. World Table 2009 19 624 275 869 256 172 3 n/a 14 19 443 2008 222 795 203 127 10 n/a n/a 2007 14 089 171 627 157 474 Africa is the second most important growing region region most important growing Africa is the second due to the fact that the Marketing of lychee is difficult After China, India and VietAfter China, Nam rank as the second World Viet Nam Thailand Philippines Malaysia Indonesia Source: Official customs data customs Official Source: n/a (not available) Global production of durian reached an estimated of durian reached Global production 2.4 million tonnes in 2017 on the back of favourable in the growth production weather conditions and strong countries of Indonesia and Thailand. main producing DURIAN and third largest producers, with an estimated volume with an estimated largest producers, and third in and 330 000 tonnes, respectively, of 580 000 tonnes serves its predominantly in India production 2017. Lychee half of in Vietdomestic market, while approximately Nam, Japan and is exported, mainly to China, the US, its produce Australia. volumes for the continent are for lychee. While output trajectory, is on a firm upward dwarfed by Asia, production 2017. Madagascar is by far 131 000 tonnes in reaching accounting for some 80 percent the leading producer, grown output. Much of the commercially of the region’s EU member states, is targeted for export, with crop being the principal especially France and the Netherlands, in South Africa destinations for African lychee. Production in 2017, of which an estimated 9 800 tonnes reached to the international market. delivered 4 900 tonnes were lychees is Europe, The main export destination for African market for exports from with France ranking as the core South and the Netherlands for exports from Madagascar, shipments are Africa. Other destinations for South African South Africa, lychee the UK, Canada, Dubai and the US. In like lucrative crops more from cultivation faces pressure farmers better avocado and macadamia, which promise remuneration. deteriorate rapidly after fruit is highly perishable. Lychees harvest and have to be shipped within 24 hours of picking. province of Guangdong. Production of lychee in China of lychee Production of Guangdong. province the demand and caters for domestic almost exclusively despite growing to be widely popular, fruit continues longan. from competition Special features Yellow passion fruit @ areeya 74 exporter globally, followedbyAustraliaandNewZealand. suppliers, Ecuadorranksasthelargestproducer and highlands andrainforests. Intermsofotherinternational production coversmore than12000hainthecountry’s Peru hasamplepotentialforexportingpassionfruit,since expected toreach USD2 millionoverthenextthree years. the valueofpassionfruitshipmentsfrom PerutoBrazilis from PeruinJune2017.According toindustrysources, demand, Brazilopeneditsborders topassionfruitimports of about3 percent. Inresponse tosurgingdomestic 1 million tonnesin2017,followingyear-on-year growth demand. Brazil’s totalproduction volumereached nearly extent thatdomesticsupplystrugglestomeet enjoys highlevelsofpopularityinthecountry, tothe important producers. PassionfruitisnativetoBraziland harvests inBrazil,ColombiaandIndonesia,themost 1.5 million tonnesin2017,onthebackofstrong Global production ofpassionfruitreached anestimated PASSION FRUIT JULY 2018 FOOD OUTLOOK shares goingforward. prices havesoftenedrecently, rambutancouldgainmarket curtailed marketpenetrationinthepast.However, asretail known byWestern consumers,andhighpriceshavefurther buyers locatedoutsidethecontinent.Thefruitislittle rambutan remains niche.Demandlargelystemsfrom Asian average of4500 tonnesin2015-2016. exporting around 9300 tonnesin2017,upfrom an producer ofthefruitonbackrising regional demand, value crop. Thailandhasemergedasthe secondlargest and evenmore sofortrade,andmakesrambutanahigh 24 hours ofharvesting. typically shippedinsmallquantitiesbyairfreight, within in rapiddeteriorationofthefruit.Assuch,rambutanis temperatures duringtransportandstoragealsoresults to negativelyinfluenceprices.Exposure toinadequate no damagetothefleshoccurs,darkeningisknown transport toavoiddarkeningofthepeel.Eventhough consistent coldchainsandhumiditycontrol during average of1.5million tonnesovertheprevious decade. production remained wellbelowtheestimatedannual an improvement ingrowing conditionsin2017,totalglobal crop withlowresistance toweatherchanges,and,despite decline intotalglobalproduction. Rambutanisafragile conditions in2016,inducinganestimated21 percent producer, hadbeenseverely disruptedbypoorweather 1.3 million in2017.OutputIndonesia,thelargest contraction experiencedin2016,reaching anestimated production ofthefruitwitnessedaslightrecovery from the predominantly produced fordomesticconsumption.Global Rambutan isnativetoMalaysiaandIndonesia,where itis RAMBUTAN Outside theregion,marketfor theinternational Perishability lowersavailabilityfordomesticconsumption Rambutan isequallyfragileafterharvesting,requiring

Rambutan @ Andrelix FOOD OUTLOOK 75 JULY 2018