sign in sign up
<<
Home , Cyantraniliprole

Thrips Western Flower Thrips Greenhouse Thrips Identifying and Controlling Insects in the High Tunnels

ñ Luis Ca as, Ph. D. Cuban Laurel Thrips Entomology The Ohio State University [email protected]

Whitefly sampling Poinsettia thrips

• Yellow sticky cards – 1000 sq ft Image by Laurence Mound, ANIC, CSIRO – Check them often: at least once per week

Western flower thrips Thrips on flowers

Frankliniella occidentalis, western flower thrips adult

1 IPM for Thrips + BC • Sanitation – Monitoring incoming plant shipments – Monitor plants surrounding facility – Remove infested plants • Biological control – Amblyseius cucumeris, rate 3‐25 / sq ft, 1000/sachett = $20 • Insect killing fungus – Amblyseius swirskii, rate • Tank-mixes well (probable synergism) with nematodes 3‐15 / sq ft • Many species including Beauvaria bassiana and Paecilomyces fumosoroseus – Orius insidiosus Botanigard = http://www.bioworksbiocontrol.com/

No Fly = http://naturalindustries.com/ ; MGS Horticultural Inc.

IPM for Thrips: Some Available Nematodes = Steinernema Nemasys = http://www.beckerunderwood.com/ for Rotations Effect Trade Name Impact on Biologicals (each row is a mode of action) VG Conserve () Harmless

VG Pylon () Slightly toxic

G Overture (pyridalyl)

G Mesurol () Harmful

Hachi-Hachi (tolfenpyrad)

G Avid (abamectin) Moderately toxic

Pedestal (novaluron) Harmless to adults

Botanigard (Beauveria bassiana)

Example, Whitmire Micro‐Gen, MOA 13 Amblyseius swirskii

Biobest = http://www.biobest.be/

2 Aphids (Hemiptera:Aphididae)

Myzus persicae, green peach aphid: L = adult, R = nymph

Aphis gossypii, cotton aphid

Use of as drench or spray vs the green peach aphid MOA Trade Name Green peach aphid = Zinnia elegans M. persicae 4A Marathon (imidacloprid), Flagship (thiametoxam),

Tristar (),

Safari ()

Celero ()

IPM for Aphids IPM for Aphids: Some Insecticides Available for Rotations • Examples Effect Trade Name Impact on Biologicals – Green peach = Myzus (each row is a mode of action) persicae E Endeavor (pymetrozine) Harmless to larvae – Melon = Aphis gossypii E Marathon (imidacloprid), Flagship Toxic as spray, non-toxic as (thiametoxam), Tristar (acetamiprid), drench • Biological control Safari (dinotefuran) – Aphidoletes aphidimyza, Kontos (spirotetramat) Aria (flonicamid) – Aphidius colemani, Ultra fine oil Harmless

Orthene () Harmful Insecticidal Soap, M-Pede Azatin XL () Harmless

3 IPM for Aphids: Some Insecticides Available for Mite Damage Rotations Effect Trade Name Impact on Biologicals (each row is a mode of action) E Xxpire (spinetoram + ) Harmless?

E Mainspring (cyantraniliprole) Harmless?

Mites (two spotted spider mite) Broad mites

Mite damage IPM for Mites • Examples – Two spotted spider mite = Tetranychus urticae – Cyclamen mite = Phytonemus pallidus – Broad mite = Polyphagotarsonemus latus • Biological control – Phytoseiulus persimilis,

– Amblyseius cucumeris,

4 IPM for Mites: Miticides Whitefly Identification Effect Trade Name Impact on Greenhouse Silver leaf (each row is a mode of action) Biologicals Trialeurodes vaporariorum Bemisia tabaci E Floramite (bifenazate) E Pylon (chlorfenapyr) (vs Broad, Cyclamen) Harmful E Avid (abamectin) (vs Broad, Cyclamen) Harmful E TetraSan (etoxazole), Hexygon (hexythiazox), Harmful Ovation (clofentezine) E Sanmite (pyridaben) (vs Broad), Akari (fenpyroximate) Harmful

VG Shuttle (acequinocyl) E Sultan (cylfumetofen) Insecticidal Soap, M-Pede Harmful E Judo (spiromesifen) (vs Broad and Cyclamen), Kontos (spirotetramat)

New insecticides, miticides White Flies (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae)

• BASF • Sultan (2014) – Cyflumetofen – New mode of action? Bemisia tabaci, silver leaf whitefly: L = adult, R =nymphs – Miticide, very effective against two spotted spider mites, including eggs?

Trialeurodes vaporariorum, Trialeurodes abutilonia, banded wing glasshouse whitefly nymphs whitefly adult

Whiteflies Whitefly damage Banded wing Greenhouse Silver leaf

(From Flint 1995)

5 Parasitized Nymphs Encarsia Mealy bugs (Hemiptera: Pseudoccidae)

Eretmocerus

Planococcus citri, citrus mealy bug: L = female R = male

Whitefly control (draft) Mealybugs

• Longtailed mealybug, Pseudococcus longispinus

• Madeira mealybug , Phenacoccus madeiresis

http://www.mrec.ifas.ufl.edu/LSO/bemisia/bemisia.htm Pictures from: Lance S. Osborne, University of Florida

IPM for Mealybugs: Insecticides Citrus Mealybug Effect Trade Name Impact on (each row is a mode of action) Biologicals

E, VG Safari (dinotefuran), Flagship (thiametoxam), Harmful as Tristar (acetamiprid), Marathon (imidacloprid), spray clothianidin

VG Distance () Harmless

E Talus () Harmless

E Kontos (spirotetramat) ?

VG,G Insecticidal Soap, M-Pede (potassium salts of Harmful fatty acids) Herbal aphid control (thyme, mint oil), GSHGIS (canola oil, )

VG Talstar () Harmful OSU: Luis Cañas, Nuris Acosta Cloyd AMT 2005, G25; Ludwig AMT 2006, G14, G15; Canas AMT 2007, G42.

6 Fungus Gnat and Shore Flies IPM for Fungus Gnats and Shore Flies • Pathogens Fungus Gnat – Steinernema feltiae (46 K / sqr ft) • Also used against western flower thrips – Affected by high temperatures – Steinernema carpocapseae

Shore Fly

IPM for FG and Shore Flies: Some Fungus Gnat (Diptera: Sciaridae) Insecticides Available for Rotations E Trade Name Impact on Biological (each row is a mode of action) Control Agents VG Nemasys VG Citation () Slightly toxic VG Distance (pyriproxyfen) Slightly toxic Bradysia impatiens, fungus gnat: L = adult, R = larva, Down = egg Enstar II (s-kinoprene) Adept () G Marathon (imidacloprid), Toxic as spray, non- Safari (dinotefuran) toxic as drench Azatin (azadirachtin) XL Slightly toxic

Fungus Gnats = Soil Moisture Thanks!

350 • Address: a a – Dr. Luis Cañas 300 a – 1680 Madison Ave., Wooster, OH 44691 250 ab – [email protected] abc 200 • Funding: 150 – USDA‐NIFA bcd 100 – AFE cd

50 d d

Number of AdultsFungus Gnats Emerged (30DAT) 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 Soil Moisture (%)

7