BPEL-011 Basics of Persian Language

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B PE L -011 BPEL-011

Basics of Persian

Indira Gandhi National Open University Language School of Foreign Languages

Block 3 READING AND WRITING-III

Block Introduction 3

UNIT 13 The Family 5

UNIT 14 Conversation Between Employer and 15 Employees

UNIT 15 Directions 27

UNIT 16 The Post Office 35

UNIT 17 Etiquette 44

UNIT 18 Conversation with Brother, Sister and Friend 49

BLOCK 3 INTRODUCTION

This is the third and final Block of Course one of the Certficate in Persian Language Programme.This block contains folloiwing six Units: Unit 13: The Family: The main objective of this unit is to enable you to learn some common and frequently used Persian words for the family. Unit 14: The Conversation between Empolyer and a Empolyee: This unit aims to familiarize you with some common words and sentences used in the conversation between the employer and the employee. These words and sentences have been carefully chosen to give you an idea about the conversation on above mentioned subject. Unit 15: Directions: This unit has been designed to make you familiar with directions in Persian.You will equally learn few new words related to the Directions and nature. Unit 16: The Post Office: The present unit has been designed to make you familiar with day to day communication in a post office. Unit 17: Etiquette: Objective of the present unit is to make you aware of the common words and expressions related to the Persian etiquette and social behavior while interacting in various capacities in day to day communication. Unit 18: Conversation with Brother, Sister and Mother: The objective of this unit is to make the learners aware about the conversation among the brothers, sisters and the friends in ordinary life situations.

III The Family UNIT 13 THE FAMILY % c # (Khaanwaade)

Structure

13.0 Objectives 13.1 Introduction 13.2 Revision 13.3 New Words 13.4 Exercise-1 13.5 Exercise-2 13.6 Exercise-3 13.7 Exercise-4 13.8 Exercise-5 13.9 Exercise-6 13.10 Exercise-7 13.11 Writing Skills 13.12 Table-1

13.0 OBJECTIVES

The main objective of this unit is to enable you to learn some common and frequently used Persian words for the family members. The unit is supported by many exercises to consolidate your learning.

13.1 INTRODUCTION

In this unit you will learn ten new Persian words and their uses. These are very common and frequently used Persian words for the family. The unit contains some exercises to enhance and consolidate your learning process and make you completely familiar with these common Persian words. The attempt has been made to ensure the practice of writing by giving exercises on Persian alphabets. Let us start with a quick revision of some Persian words.

13.2 REVISION

Meaning Transliteration Persian words What? Che 2 Who? Ky, chekasi 20 / *2 Where? Kojaa 2 How? Chetor 2)@ When? Key *2 : 5

Reading and Writing-III Whom? / Whose? Che kasi raa 2 )*0 Why? Cheraa 2* * Which? Kodaam 2*] & How much? / How Che qadr / Chand taa 2 &7 / *2)&T many?

13.3 NEW WORDS

In this unit you will learn ten new Persian words defining the relationship in the family.

Meaning Transliteration Persian words Father Pedar *)&:

Mother Maadar *)% _

Brother Baraadar *)% *

Sister Khaahar ** #:

Grand Father Pedar-bozorg ), )&

Grand Mother Maadar-bozorg *), )% _

Son Pesar **0: Daughter Dokhtar **#%:

Husband Showhar **3

Wife Hamsar *0`

13.4 EXERCISE-1

Match the words with correct meanings: Persian English

)& (pedar) Mother

)% _ (Maadar) Father

)% * (Baraadar) Grand Father

** #: (Khaahar) Brother

), )& (pedar -bozorg) Sister 6

III The Family ), *)% _ (Maadar -bozorg) Wife

**0: (pesar) Daughter **#%: (dokhtar) Son

*3 (shohar) Grand Mother

*0` (humsar) Husband

13.5 EXERCISE-2

This exercise is designed to teach you very important words such as “my” , “your” , “his” and “her” etc. such words are often used in our daily conversation, and without mastering them you can not learn Persian properly. So pay special attention and practice them as much as possible. So far you have leant few new Persian words, let us see how many sentences you can form out of them. The more you practice the more you will get the benefit.

In Persian, possessive adjectives such as “my, your, his and her” is made by adding suffixes at the end of the nouns. The full details are given the following table.

English Transliteration Persian My Man *b_

Your Shomaa * `3

Your Tu *

His Ou *

Her Ou

In the following table examples are given for your better understanding.

English Transliteration Persian My house Khaane-ye-man *b_*ȶc #

Your house Khaane-ye-Shomaa * `3*ȶc #

Your house Khaane-ye-tu **ȶc #

His house Khaane-ye-ou * *ȶc #

Her house Khaane-ye-ou *ȶc #

Reading and Writing-III 13.6 EXERCISE-3

This exercise is designed to teach the structures like “my brother” and “your brother” etc. Persian Transliteration English b_* )% * : Baraadar-e man My brother `3* )% * : Baraadar-e Shomaa Your brother * * #: Khaahar-e ou His / Her sister b_* )&: Pedar-e man My father *)% _: Maadare-tu Your mother `3* *3: Showhar-e Shomaa Your husband b_*0`: Hamsar-e man My wife `3**0: Pesar-e Shomaa Your son b_* *#%: Dokhtar-e man My daughter _*:), )% _ Maadare-e bozorg-e maa Our grand mother

In the above exercise you will notice a slight difference from the following exercises. In Persian above mentioned structure is usually formed as given below. You are required to complete the following exercise and while complete the exercises pronounce the words loudly.

13.7 EXERCISE-4 Word My Our His Her Your )% _ b_* )% _: _* )% _: * )% _: * )% _: `3* )% _: Maadar Maadar-e Maadar-e Maadar-e Maadar-e Maadar-e (Mother) man maa ou ou Shomaa (my (our (his (her (your mother) mother) mother) mother) mother) * # b_* * #: _* * #: * * #: * * #: ** #: Khaahar Khaahr-e Khaahr-e Khaahr-e Khaahr-e `3 (Sister) man maa ou ou Khaahr-e (my sister) (our sister) (his sister) (her sister) Shomaa (your sister) *)&: *:), )& *:), )& *:), )& *:), )& *:), )& *:), b_ _ `3 Pedar- Pedar- Pedar- Pedar-e Pedar- Pedar- bozorg bozorg bozorg bozuog ou bozorge ou bozorg 8

III (Grand man maa (his (her Shomaa The Family Father) (my (our grandfathe grandfathe (your grandfathe grandfathe r) r) grandfathe r) r) r) ), )% _ *:), )% _ *:), )% _ *:), )% _ *:), )% _ :), )% _ b_ _ `3 Maadar- Maadar- Maadar- Maadar- Maadar- Maadar- bozorg bozorg bozorg bozorg ou bozorg ou bozorg (Grand man maa (his grand (her grand Shomaa Mother) (my grand (our grand mother) mother) (your mother) mother) grand mother) *0 b_**0: _**0: * *0: * *0: `3**0: Pesar Pesar-e Pesar-e Pesar-e ou Pesar-e ou Pesar-e (Son) man maa (his son) (her son) Shomaa (my son) (our son) (your son) *#% b_* *#%: _* *#%: * *#%: * *#%: `3* *#%: Dokhtar Dokhtar-e Dokhtar-e Dokhtar-e Dokhtar-e Dokhtar-e (Daughter man maa ou ou Shomaa ) (my (our (his (her (your daughter) daughter) daughter) daughter) daughter) )& b_* )&: _* )&: * )&: * )&: `3* )&: Pedar Pedar-e Pedar-e Pedar-e ou Pedar-e ou Pedar-e (Father) man maa (his father) (her father) Shomaa (my father) (our (your father) father)

13.8 EXERCISE-5

In the above exercise you have learnt the formation of a couple of different kinds of sentences. On the same pattern make more sentences using the words from the following table and pronounce them loudly. Persian Transliteration English ) % Edaare Office *3* Sherkat Company /)&_ Madrase School b 3 _ Masheen Car ^\S* Qalam Pen *O% Daftar Notebook N Keef Bag Z hotel Hotel 9

Reading and Writing-III 13.9 EXERCISE-6

Read the following sentences carefully. (Practice of who is this….? And how to answer it?) English Transliteration Persian Who is this? In kist? 20 *b This is my brother. In Baraadar-e man ./ *b_* )% * *b : ast. Who is this? In kist? 20 *b

This is his grand In pEdaare-e ./ *:), )&*b father. bozorg-e oust.

English Transliteration Persian Who is she? Ou kist? 20 * She is her mother. Ou maadar-e ust. ./ * )% _* :

English Transliteration Persian Is he your son? AAayaa ou pesar-e 2/ `3* *0* * a: Shomaa ast? Yes he is my son. Bayle, ou pesar-e ./ *b_* *0* : . \ man ast.

English Transliteration Persian Is she your sister? AAayaa ou 2/ `3* * #* * a: Khaahar-e sh ast? Yes she is my Bale, ou Khaahar-e ./ *b_* * #* : . \ sister. man ast.

English Transliteration Persian Who is she? Ou kist? 20 * She is my Ou dokhtar-e man ./ *b_* *#%* : daughter. ast.

English Transliteration Persian Is she your daughter? AAayaa ou dokhtar-e 2/ `3* *#%* * a: Shomaa ast? 10

III The Family Yes she is my Bayle, ou dokhtar-e man *b_* *#%* : . \ daughter. ast. ./

English Transliteration Persian Who is she? Ou kist? 20 * She is my wife. Ou hamsar-e man ast. ./ *b_**0`*

English Transliteration Persian Is she your wife? AAayaa ou hamsar-e **0`* * a: Shomaa ast? 2/ `3 Yes, she is my wife. Bale, ou hamsar-e man *b_*0`* : . \ ast. ./ In the above exercise, you have leant how to ask questions, and how to answer it. If you practice them well, you can form any question based on the structure of who is he / she? Not only this, even you can reply to the question based on the structure He / She is a…

13.10 EXERCISE-7

Translate the following sentences into Persian, and while translating pronounce them loudly. These types of sentences will help you speak Persian quickly, so practice them diligently. English Transliteration Translate into Persian Who is he? Ou kist?

English Transliteration Translate into Persian He is my father. Ou pedar-e man ast.

English Transliteration Translate into Persian He is your father. Ou pedar-e Shomaa ast.

English Transliteration Translate into Persian He is his father. Ou pedar-e oust.

English Transliteration Translate into Persian This is your car. Inotomobil-e Shomaa ast.

Reading and Writing-III English Transliteration Translate into Persian This is my chair. In sandal-e man ast.

English Transliteration Translate into Persian This is my hotel. In hotel-e man ast.

English Transliteration Translate into Persian This is my school. In Maadarsa-e man ast.

English Transliteration Translate into Persian Is he your son? AAayaa ou pesar-e Shomaa ast.

English Transliteration Translate into Persian Is he your wife? AAayaa ou hamsar-e Shomaa ast?

English Transliteration Translate into Persian Yes she is my wife. Bayle, ou hamsar-e man ast.

English Transliteration Translate into Persian Is he your grand AAayaa ou Pedar-bozorg-e father? Shomaa ast.

English Transliteration Translate into Persian Whose pen is this? In qalam-e kist?

English Transliteration Translate into Persian Whose house is this? In khaana-e kist?

English Transliteration Translate into Persian Where is your bag? Keef-e Shomaa koja ast?

English Transliteration Translate into Persian Where is your father? Pedar-e Shomaa koja ast? 12

III The Family English Transliteration Translate into Persian Where is your car? Masheen-e Shomaakoja ast?

13.11 WRITING SKILLS

The following tables and exercises are designed to help you improve your Persian writing skills. Note: learning of the alphabets involves the pronunciation also, therefore, it is recommended to be in touch with your counselor.

13.12 TABLE-1

This table contains all the 33 alphabets. (How to pronounce) (Equivalent in (Persian alphabet) English) Alif a Be b Pe p c Te t Se s/th Jim j Che ch He h Khe kh ! Dal d % Zal z ' Re r ) Ze z + Zhe zh Sin s - Shin sh 1 Sad s 5 Zad z 9 13

Reading and Writing-III Ta t = Za z A Ayn ’ / a E Ghyn gh I Fe f M ghaf gh / q Q kaf k gaf g lam l Y mim m ] nun n a waw v / w he h Ye y

III Conversation UNIT 14 CONVERSATION BETWEEN between Employer EMPLOYER AND EMPLOYEE and Employee _*O) *&-_) - `[ _ (Mokaalme baine kaarmand va kaarfarme)

Structure

14.0 Objectives 14.1 Introduction 14.2 New Words 14.3 Revision 14.4 Conversation-1 14.5 Conversation-2 14.6 Exercise-1 14.7 Exercise-2 14.8 Exercise-3 14.9 Exercise-4 14.10 Exercise-5 14.11 Exercise-6

14.0 OBJECTIVES

The following unit aims to familiarize you with some common words and sentences used between the employer and the employee. These words and sentences have been carefully chosen to give you an idea about the conversation on above mentioned subject.

14.1 INTRODUCTION

You often need to talk to your employer regarding your job, promotion, salary, problrms of working condition and the problems and issues created by your colleagues inside the office. Some times you need to talk to your employer about all subjects related to the work that you are doing. In Persian, like many other important langauges, there are a variety of expressions to convey the meaning. In the following unit, we will try our best to make you familiar with these common expressions. Apart from the fulfilling the needs of the white collar employees, a separate model of the dialougues has been given to take care the needs of ordinary workers.

14.2 NEW WORDS

Meaning Transliteration Persian words Employer Kaarfarmaa _*O)

Reading and Writing-III Employee Kaarmand *&-_) Telephone Telefon *bP\ Office Edaare *) % Computer kaamputer * _ Internet Internet *c *- Discussion Bahs English Englisi 0 \c Arabic Arabi *G Persian Farsi /) O Language Zabaan a +

14.3 REVISION

Meaning Transliteration Persian words Father Pedar *)& Mother Maadar *)% _ Brother Baraadar *)% * Sister Khaahar ** # Grand Father Pedar-bozorg ), )& Grand Mother Maadar-bozorg *), )% _ Son Pesar **0 Daughter Dokhtar **#% Husband Showhar **3 Wife Hamsar *0`

14.4 CONVERSATION-1

Dialougue between Employer and Employee English Transliteration Persian Employer: Your Kaarfarmaa: Esm-e ^/ : _*O) name please. Shomaachist? 20 `3 Employee: My name Kaarmand: Esm-e man ** `/*b_ ^/ :&-_) is Sameer. Sameer ast. ./ 16

III Conversation Employer: Where are Karfarmaa: Shomaa ahle *Z * `3 : _*O) between Employer you from? kujaid? and Employee 2& Employee: I am Kaarmand: Man hindi *&-*b_ : &-_) Indian. hastam. .^0 Employer: What is Kaarfarmaa: tehsilat-e * 8 : _*O) your qualification? shomaa chist? 20 * `3 Employee: I am Kaarmand: man az IIT *b_ : &-_) engineer from IIT Delhi Mohandes hastam. Delhi. *\%*.a .a+ .^0*-&-_ Employer: What is Kaarfarmaa: Shomaa dar * *)%* `3 : _*O) your area of che reshte takhassos specialization? daarid? 2& ) %*68$ 3) Employee: Oil and Kaarmand: man kashif-e *N3 *b_ : &-_) natural gas naft-o- gaaz-e tabiee exploration. hastam. *H =* + **Pc: .^0 Employer: Have you Kaarfarmaa: aayaa hich *S * * a : _*O) ever been in the waqt dar khalij budeed? Gulf? 2& % * \#*)% Employee: No Sir, Kaarmand: nakheyr aaqaaa, *b_ . Sa** $c : &-_) first time I am man nakhostin baar be visiting an Arab keshwar-e arab mirawam. * */ *) b 0$c country. . ]) _* *G*)4 Employer: Do you Kaarfarma: aayaa Shomaa * * `3* a : _*O) have any work hich tajarba-e kaar daarid? experience? 2& ) %*) *ȶ * Employee: Yes, I Kaarmand: bale, man b_ . \ : &-_) have two years tajarbai-e do-sala-e dar experience in ONGC sherkat-e naft-o- gaaz –e- *)%*[ /%*ȶ * India. tabiee hend daaram. *+ **Pc*: *3: .]) %*&-*H = Employer: Would Kaarfarmaa: aayaa Shomaa *)%* `3* a : _*O) you like to work in dar prozhe-e maa dar dubai our project at Dubai? kar khahid kard? *) * %*)%* _* *9 2%*& #

Employee: Yes, off Kaarmand: bale aaqaa, .5* ` . Sa*\ : &-_) course Sir. hatman. Employer: We are Kaarfarma: maa pishnahaad *% -4 : * _ : _*O) offering you the hamkari dar sherkat-e khud employment in our raa be Shomaa **3*)%: *) ` corporation. arzemikonim. *;* G* 8 `3* * )*%# .^ - _ 17

Reading and Writing-III Employee: Thank Kaarmand: motashakkeram . Sa*]*4_ : &-_) you Sir. aaqaa.

14.5 CONVERSATION-2

English Transliteration Persian Employer: Who are Kaarfarmaa: Shomaa 2& 0** `3 : _*O*) you? ky hastid? Employee: I am Kaarmand: man .^0* H3*b_ : &-_) Shoeb. shoeib hastam. Employer: What is Kaarfarmaa: shoghal-e 20 * `3*ZL3 : _*O) your profession? Shomaa chist? Employee: I am a Kaarmand: man .^0$a K $b_ : &-_) Gardner. baaghban hastam. Employer: do you Kaarfarma: aayaa $ *$ `3$ a : _*O) have any experience? Shomaa tajarba-i- darid? 2& ) % Employee: Yes, I Kaarmand: bale, man $ *$b_.\ : &<_) have experience. tajrobe daaram. .]) % Employer: Which Kaarfarmaa: Shomaa $Z$] &$ `3 : _*O) flowers do you like kudaam gol raa az the most? hame behtar 2& &<0 _$* $`+ ) mipasandid? Employee: I like all Kaarmand: man $ )$ \$] `$b_ : &<_) the flowers but I like tamam-e golha raa rose very much. doust daaram, wali $!*/ $Z$[ . ]) %$/% gol-e sorkh raa khaile .]) % /%$\ #$ ) doust daaram. Employer: I also like Kaarfarmaa: man ham $!*/$ Z$^$b_: : _*O$) the rose. gol-e sorkh raa doust daaram. .]) %$/%$ ) Employer: Can you Kaarfarmaa: aayaa $& c _$ `3$ a : _*O) bring different types Shomaa mitavaanid of roses? anwa-e mukhtalif- ) Z$N\$_$E c egulha beawarid? 2& ) Employee: Yes, Sir. Kaarmand: bale, aaqaa $ Sa$\ : &<_) Employer: From Kaarfarmaa: az koja? 2 $+ : _*O$) where? Employee: From the Kaarmand: az bazar. $) + $+ : &<_) market. Employer: I will give Kaarfarmaa: man, $&7 $ %*O$b_ : _*O) you one hundred Fardaa yek Sad rupey rupees tomorrow. be Shomaa khaaham .% % ^ #$ `3$ $ ) daad. 18

III Conversation Employee: Thank you Kaarmand: $]*4_ : &<_) between Employer mutashakkeram. and Employee Employer: Have you Kaarfarmaa: aayaa $] `$ `3$ a : _*O) got all types of roses? Shomaa tamam-e anwa-e golha daarid? 2& ) %$ )$ Z$ E c :

Employee: No Sir. Kaarmand: Nakheyr . Sa$* $c : &<_) aaqaa.

Employer: Where to Kaarfarmaa: az kuja 2& ) $ $+ : _*O) get it from? beyrid? Employee: No Idea Kaarmand: man hich $G= $ $b_ : &<_) sir. ettellaee na daaram, aaqaa. . Sa .]) &c Employer: Come to Kaarfarmaa: be Edaare $ _ . & $) % $ : _*O) the office, there is a beaid, maa anja computer with komputer ba internet $c*< $ $* _ $ ca internet. daarim. . ^ ) % Employee: What do I Kaarmand: man baa $) $aa$ $b_ : &<_) do with it? an che kaar kunam? .^< Employer: I will Kaarfarmaa: man dar $c*< $)%$b_ : _*O) search it on the internet jostju internet and inform mikunam wa be $ `3$ $$^< _$0 you. Shomaa ettelaa me .^% _$E= daham. Employee: Thank Kaarmand: man az $*4$ `3$+ $b_ : &<_) you. Shomaa tashakkur mikunam. .^< _ Employer: Have you Kaarfarmaa: aayaa $a +$ `3$ a : _*O) learnt English Shomaa Zabaan- language? einglisi raa yaad 2& O*$% $ )$0 \c gereftid?

Employee: No Sir. Kaarmand: Nakheyr, . Sa$* $c : &<_) aaqaa. Employer: Have you Kaarfarmaa: aayaa $a +$ `3$ a : _*O) learnt Persian Shomaa Zabaan-e farsi language? raa yaad gerafteed? 2& O*$% $ )$/) O Employee: I have Kaarmand: man kami $/) O$`$b_ : &<_) learnt a little bit. faarsi yaad gerafteam. .] O*% Employer: This is an Kaarfarmaa: in yek $a +$ $b : _*O) important language, Zabaan-e mohim ast you should learn it. ke Shomaa baayad $ `3$$/ $`_ yaad begirid. .& * % & 19

Reading and Writing-III 14.6 EXERCISE-1

In the following exercise we are trying to help you memorize some very important words related to various professions, the purpose is to enable you to tell others about your profession in Persian language. English Transliteration Persian Who are you? shomaa che kare-id? 2& 0) $ `3 I am a doctor. man pezeshk hastam. .^/$3,$b_

English Transliteration Persian Who are you? Shomaa che kare-id? 2& 0$) $ `3 I am an engineer. man Mohandes hastam. .^0$-&<_$b_

English Transliteration Persian Who are you? Shomaa che kare-id? 2& 0 ) $ `3 I am a driver. man ranendeh hastam. .^0&

English Transliteration Persian Who are you? Shomaa che kare-id? 2& 0$) `3 I am a guard. man paasdaar hastam. .^0$) &/ $b_

English Transliteration Persian Who are you? Shomaa che kare-id? & 2 ) $ `3 I am a teacher. man yek moallem hastam. .^0$^\H_$ $b_

English Transliteration Persian Who are you? Shomaa che kare-id? & 2 ) `3 I am a writer. man yek newisendeh hastam. $&<0 c$ $b_ .^0

English Transliteration Persian Who are you? Shomaa che kare-id? & 2 ) $ `3 I am a man yek motarjem hastam. .^0$^*_$ $b_ translator.

III Conversation 14.7 EXERCISE-2 between Employer and Employee You have seen in the dialogue between employer and employee, the employee is a Gardner who tells his employer about the flowers he likes the most. Here in this exercise we are trying to help you in memorizing many important Persian words on the same pattern.

English Transliteration Persian Which flower do you Shomaa Kodaam gol $/%$ )$Z$] &$ `3 like? raa doust daarid? 2& ) % I like the rose. man, gol-e sorkh raa $/%$ )$!*/$Z$b_ doust daaram. . . ]) %

English Transliteration Persian Which fruit do you Shomaa Kodaam $/%$ )$ _$] &$ `3 like? mive raa dost daarid? 2& ) % I like the banana. man, mooz raa doust .]) %$/%$ )$+_$b_ daaram.

English Transliteration Persian Which city do you Shomaa Kodaam $/%$ )$*3$] &$ `3 like? sheher raa doust daarid? 2& ) % I like the city of man, sheher-e delhi $/%$ )$\%$*3$b_ Delhi. raa doust daaram. .]) %

English Transliteration Persian Which country Shomaa Kodaam $/%$ )$)4$] &$ `3 do you like? keshwar raa doust daarid? 2& ) % I like india. man kishvare hindoustan $a /&<)4$b_ raa doust daaram. .]) %$/% )

English Transliteration Persian Which language Shomaa Kodaam Zabaan $/%$ )$a +$] &$ `3 do you like? raa doust daarid? 2& ) % I like Persian man, Zabaan-e faarsi raa $/%$ )$/) O$a +$b_ language. doust daaram. .]) %

Reading and Writing-III English Transliteration Persian Which company Shomaa Kodaam sherkat $/%$ )$*3$] &$ `3 do you like? raa doust daarid? 2& ) % I like India oil man, sherkat-e naft-e hend $ )$&<$Pc$*3$b_ company. raa doust daaram. .]) %$/%

English Transliteration Persian Which color do Shomaa Kodaam rang raa $/%$ )$c)$] &$ `3 you like? doust daarid? 2& ) % I like green man, rang-e sabz raa $/%$ )$,/$c)$b_ color. doust daaram. .]) %

English Transliteration Persian Which food do Shomaa Kodaam ghiza $/%$ )$ (K$] &$ `3 you like? raa doust daarid? 2& ) % I like the Indian man, ghiza-e hendi raa $/%$ )$&<$ (K$b_ food. doust daaram. .]) %

English Transliteration Persian Which animal Shomaa Kodaam heyvan $/%$ )$a $] &$ `3 do you like? raa doust daarid? 2& ) % I like the horse. man, asb raa doust .]) %$/%$ )$ / $b_ daaram.

English Transliteration Persian Which bird do Shomaa Kodaam 2& ) %$/%$ )$&c*$] &$ `3 you like? parinde raa doust daarid? I like the man, tuti raa doust .]) % /% )$==$b_ parrot. daaram.

14.8 EXERCISE-3

In the following exercise wea re trying to help you practice the use of some important Persian words of daily use. Some of these words you have already learnt in the previous units, the idea behind putting the same words again and again is to help you consolidate your learning.

III Conversation English Transliteration Persian between Employer and Employee Do you have a aayaa Shomaa 2& ) %$^\S$ `3$ a pen? qalam daarid?

Yes, I have a bale, man qalam .]) %$^\S$b_$\ pen. daaram.

English Transliteration Persian Do you have a aayaa Shomaa 2& ) %$^\H_$ `3$ a teacher? moallim daarid?

No, I do not Nakaheyr, man .]) &c$^\H_$b_$* $c have a teacher. moallim nadaaram.

English Transliteration Persian Do you have a aayaa Shomaa 2& ) %$ $ `3$ a book? Ketaab daarid?

Yes, I have a bale, man Ketaab .]) %$ $b_$\ book. daaram.

English Transliteration Persian Do you have a aayaa Shomaa 2& ) %$ )$ `3$ a rupee? rupiye daarid?

Yes, I have bale, man rupiye .]) %$ )$b_$\ rupee. daaram.

English Transliteration Persian Do you have a aayaa Shomaa dost 2& ) %$/%$ `3$ a friend? daarid?

no, I do not Nakheyr, man dost ]) &c$/%$b_ . * $c have a friend nadaaram.

English Transliteration Persian Do you have a aayaa Shomaa 2& ) %$b 3 _$ `3$ a car? maashin daarid?

Yes, I have a bale, man maashin .]) %$b 3 _$b_$\ car. daaram.

Reading and Writing-III English Transliteration Persian Do you have a aayaa Shomaa 2& ) %$&

No I do not Nakheyr, man .]) &c$&

14.9 EXERCISE-4

The following exercise is aimed to make you familiar with important words used in interrogative sentences. Give the answers in “yes” or “no”

English Transliteration Persian Have you learnt aayaa Shomaa $% $ )$/) O$a +$ `3$ a Persian Zabaan-e farsi raa Language? yaad gereftid? 2& O*

yes / no bale / nakheyr * $c / $\

English Transliteration Persian

Have you learnt aayaa Shomaa 2& O*$% $ )$%) $a +$ `3$ a Urdu Zabaan-e Urdu raa Language? yaad gereftid?

yes / no bale / nakheyr * $c / $\

English Transliteration Persian Have you learnt aayaa Shomaa $% $ )$0 \c $a +$ `3$ a English Zabaan-e Engelisi Language? raa yaad gereftid? 2& O*

yes / no bale / nakheyr * $c / $\

English Transliteration Persian Have you learnt aayaa Shomaa $[ c / $a +$ `3$ a Spanish Zabaan-e Espanioli Language? raa yaad gereftid? 2& O*% )

yes / no bale / nakheyr * $c / $\

14.10 EXERCISE-5

Match the following words and pronounce them loudly. You have already learnt these words. 24

III Conversation English Transliteration Farsi between Employer and Employee Employer Internet c*<

Internet Kaarmand $&<_)

Telephone Edaare ) %

Office Karfarmaa _*O)

Language Sherkat *3

Employee Zabaan a +

Company telefon bP\

14.11 EXERCISE-6

Listen the following sentences carefully and request your teacher to read them loudly and try to follow the pronunciation properly.

English Transliteration Persian I am Imaan Man Imaan hastam. . ^0 ` a $b_ I am Iranian. Man irani hastam. . ^0 c * $b_ We live in India. Maa dar Hindoustan $&c+$a /&<$)%$ _ zindagi mikonim. . . ^< _ My family does not Khanwada-e man $&c+$&<$)%$b_$% c # live in India. dar hend zindagi name kunad. . &< `c They live in Iran. Aanhaa dar Iran . &<< _$&c+$a * $)%$ ca zindagi mikonand. I have two brothers Man do Baraadar-o- $* #$ $$)% * $%$b_ and one sisiter. yek khaahar daaram. . . ]) % My father is a Pedar-e man . / $&<_) $b_$)& worker. Kaarmand ast. He works in a Ou dar bank kaar . &< _) $c $)%$ bank. mikunad. My mother is a Madar-e man . / $) %$c #$b_$)% _ housewife. Khaane daar ast. I like Persian and Man Zabaan-e farsi $ )$&<$$/) O$a +$b_ Hindi wa hindi raa dost daaram. . ]) %$/%

Reading and Writing-III My brother Ali is a Baraadar-e man Ali . / $4c %$\G$b_$)% * student. daneshju ast. Aazar is my sister. Aazar Khaahar-e . / $b_$* #$)'a man ast. She is a doctor. Ou doctor ast. . / $*% $ She works in a Ou dar bimaarestaan . &< _$) $a /) ` $)%$ hospital. kaar mikunad. I am the student of Man danishjui-e $" ) $3)$4c %$b_ History. rishta-e tarikh hastam. . ^0 My university is in Daanishgahe man . / $\%$)%$b_$ 4c % Delhi. dar delhi ast. The name of my Isme daaneshgaah-e $ZH[$* $b_$ 4c %$^/ university is man Jawaaherlal Jawaharlal Nehru. Nehru ast. . / $*c Our university is Daaneshgah-e maa $$), $\ #$ _$ 4c % very big and old. kheyli bozorg wa qadimi ast. . / $` &S

III Directions UNIT 15 DIRECTIONS / `/ (Semt ha / Jehat ha)

Structure

15.0 Objectives 15.1 Introduction 13.2 Revision 15.3 New Words 15.4 Exercise-1 15.5 Exercise-2 15.6 Exercise-3 15.7 Exercise-4 15.8 Exercise-5 15.9 Exercise-6 15.10 Writing Skills 15.11 Exercise-7 15.12 Exercise-8 15.13 Exercise-9

15.0 OBJECTIVES

The objective of the present unit is to make you familiarize with common words and terminologies related to the Directions so that by the end of this unit you will be able to locate the directions in order to communicate your opinion and thoughts.

15.1 INTRODUCTION

The present unit has been designed to make you familiar with the universal concept of Directions; the unit is supported by various exercises to consolidate your level of learning and understanding. You will learn few new words related to the Directions and nature so that you can communicate the location of proper nouns with respect to their directions.

15.2 REVISION

Read the following words loudly.

Meaning Transliteration Persian words Employer Kaarfarmaa _*O) employee Kaarmand ,&._) Telephone Telefon ,bP\ 27

Reading and Writing-III Office Edaare ,) % Computer komputer * _ Internet Internet ,c*. Discussion Bahs English Englisi 0 \c Arabic Arabi *G Persian Faarsi /) O Language Zabaan a +

15.3 NEW WORDS

Read the following new words carefully and loudly.

English Transliteration Persian West Gharb * 0K8 East Sharq Q* 038 South Janub 8 08 North Shomaal Y `3 South pole Qutb-e janub 8 @S North pole Qutb-e shomaal Y `3 0 @S: North west Shomaal-e gharbi *K Y `30: South east Janub-e sharqi S*30 8 North east Shomaal-e sharqi S*3 Y `30: South west Janub-e gharbi *K 0 8: Ocean oqyaanus -c S90 River roud %) Mountain Kouh Desert Beyaabaan a

Fertile Baarwar )0) 8 Temperature Darja-e haraarat ) * 0)% Wind Baad %

III Directions Persian Gulf countries Keshwarhai khalij-e -) O0 \#0 )4 fars The sun Khursheed & 3)# The moon Maah _ Stars Setaare ) / Constellation Surat-e falaki \O0)7

15.4 EXERCISE-1

Read the following carefully.

English Transliteration Persian This is west. In gharb ast. ./ 0 *K0b That is east. Aan sharq ast. ./ 0Q*30aa This is north In shomaal ast. ./ 0Y `30b That is south. Aan janub ast. ./ 0 80aa Kashmir is in north. Kashmir dar ./ 0Y `30)%0* `4 shomaal ast. Kanyakumari is in Kanyakumari dar ./ 0 80)%0) `0 8 south janub ast. Gujarat is in west Gujrat dar gharb ./ 0 *K0)%0 * ast. Assam is in east. Assam dar sharq ./ 0Q*30)%0] /a ast. There are two poles. Do Qutb hastand .&800 @S0% North pole is cold. Qutb-e shemal sard ./ 0%*/0Y `30 @S ast. South pole is hot. Qutb-e janub gar ./ 0]*0 80 @S mast. Does the post office Aaya edaare pust 0b 0 _�00) % 0 a provide international khidmaat-e bainul- services? melali farahm 2&8 _0^ *O0\\`[ mikunad. Yes it provides Bale, in khidmaate- \\`[ 0b 0 _&# b 0\ international bainul-milali raa services. faraham mikunad. .&8 _0^ *O 0 ) The postal system Seestam-e pusti 04 ) % 000^0 / has very good daarai shibke network across India. besyaar khub dar 0*/ */0)& #) 0 saraasar hend ast. ./ &8 29

Reading and Writing-III Customers are very Mushtariyan az 0 _&# 0+ 0a *4_ much satisfied with khadamaat-e pusti the postal services. besyaar raazi .&80 0; )) 0 0 hastand.

15.5 EXERCISE-2

Read the following words carefully.

English Transliteration Persian Ocean Aqyaanus -c S Pacific ocean Aqyaanus-e saakin b /0-c S Atlantic ocean Aqyaanus-e atlas .\= 0-c S River Rood %) Ganga river Roud-e Ganga 80%) Yamuna river Roud-e Yamuna 8 0` 0%)9 Nile river Roud-e Neel Z c0%) Mountain Kouh The HimalAayaa Kouh-e Himaalyaa [ `0 The albruz Kouh-e Alborz +*[ 0 Desert Beyabaan a

Sahara desert Beyabaan-e sahara ) /0a

Thaar desert Beyabaan-e Thaar ) 0a

India Hind &8 Direction Semt `/

15.6 EXERCISE-3

English Transliteration Persian The sun rises in the Khorshid dar sharq 0E\@ S*30)% 0& 3)# east. tolo mikunad. .&8 _

The sun sets in the Khorshid dar gharb 0 *K0)%0& 3)# west. ghorub mikunud. .&8 _0 *K The ganga flows from Rud-e Ganga az 0 0Y `30+ 0 80%) north to south. shomaal be janub jeryan dard. .%) %0a *0 8 30

III Directions I am going towards Man be samt-e gharb 0 *K0`/0 0b_ west. mirawam. .]) _ His school is in south Madars-e ou dar samt- 0`/0)%0 0ȶ/)&_ direction. e janub ast. ./ 0 8 We pray towards Maa be samt-e gharb 0 *K0`/0 0 _ west. ebaadat mikonim. .^ 8 _0% G

Makkah is in west of Makkah dar gharb-e ./ 0&80 *K0)%0_: India. Hend ast. North India is more Shemal-e Hend ./ 0* +0&80Y `3 beautiful. zeebatar ast. South India has many Janub-e Hend besyaar 0) 0 0&80 8 old temples. maabadha qadeemi daarad. .%) %0` &S0 &H_ East India has scenic Sharq-e hend manzarh 0 *D8_0&80Q*3 beauty. hai zibaa daarad. .%) %0 + West India has many Gharb-e Hend besyaar 0) 0 0Z /0&80 *K beaches. sawahel daarad. .%) %

15.7 EXERCISE-4

Match the following with correct meanings. English Persian West (Gharb) Y `3 @S East (Sharq) *K0Y `3 South (Janub) S*30 8 North (Shemaal) S*30Y `3 South pole (Qutb-e janub) *K North pole (Qutb-e shemal) Q*3 North west (Shemal-e gharb) 8 South east (Janub-e sharq) Y `3 North east (Shemaal-e sharq) 8 @S

15.8 EXERCISE-5

Give the Persian equivalents of the following words.

Reading and Writing-III English Persian Ocean (Aoqyaanus) Pacific ocean (Aqyaanus-e saakin) Atlantic ocean (Aqyaanus-e atlas) River (Rood) Ganga river (Roud-e Ganga) Yamuna river (Roud-e Yamuna) Nile river (Roud-e Neel) Mountain (Kouh) The HimalAayaa (Kouh-e Himalayaa) The Alborz (Kouh-e Alborz)

15.9 EXERCISE-6

Give the English equivalent of the following words. Persian English %) (rood) (Kouh) a (bayaban) )) (baarwar) *K (gharb) Q*3 (sharq) 8 (janub) Y `3 (shemaal) 8 @S (Qutb-e janub) Y `3 @S (Qutb-e shemaal)

15.10 WRITING SKILLS

Now we expect that you can recognize easy words by adjoining the two or more letters. In the following exercises we will try to develop your writing skills further.

15.11 EXERCISE-7

Re-write the following words. You are also suggested to pronounce them loudly. 32

III Directions &# Khodaa & Jodaa ] c Naam ) Kaar ] Jaam ] 3Shaam ] * Haraam Y Halaal

15.12 EXERCISE-8

Join the following letters / words to form an expression.

j^00b _0b_ 0^0 + 0b _ + 0b_ 0/ + 0*0 + 0 0 + 0] + 01 + 0 + 0 Q + 0) + 01 + 0) + 0I + 0 + 0a + 0 Y + 0 + 0] + 01 - + 0 + 0a + 0 + 0 + 0Q + 0 % + 0 + 0) ) + + 0) + 0 + 0 + 0 + 0a + 0 + 0) + 0 + 0 + 0- a + 0 + 0 + 0- / + 0 + + 0 / + 0), + 0)4 + 0&8 + 0] + 0- % + 0a + 0

Reading and Writing-III 15.13 EXERCISE-9

Re-write the following words five times, pronounce it loudly while writing these words.

*K(Gharb) Q*3(Sharq) 8 (Janub) Y `3 (Shemaal) %) (rood) (Kouh) a (bayaban) )) (baarwar) 8 @S (Qutb-e Janub) Y `3 @S Qutb-e Shemaal) ) (Kaar)

III The Post Office UNIT 16 THE POST OFFICE 0 ) % (edaar-e pust)

Structure

16.0 Objectives 16.1 Introduction 16.2 Revision 16.3 New Words 16.4 Exercise-1 16.5 Exercise-2 16.6 Exercise-3 16.7 Exercise-4 16.8 Exercise-5 16.9 Exercise-6 16.10 Writing Skills 16.11 Exercise-7 16.12 Exercise-8

16.0 OBJECTIVES

Objective of the present unit “The Post Office” is to make you aware of the common words and expressions used in the post office in day to day communication.

16.1 INTRODUCTION

The present unit has been designed to make you familiar with day to day communication in a post office. The unit is supported by various exercises to consolidate your level of learning and understanding. You will learn few new words related to the post office and it’s functioning so that you can communicate easily while interacting in a post office.

16.2 REVISION

Read the following words loudly. English Transliteration Persian West Gharb *K East Sharq Q*3 South Jonub & North Shomaal Y `3 35

Reading and Writing-III South pole Qutb-e jonub & @S North pole Qutb-e Shomaal Y `3 . @S: North west Shomaal-e gharbi *K .Y `3: South east Jonub-e sharqi S*3 . &: North east Shomaal-e sharqi S*3 .Y `3: South west Jonub-e gharbi *K. & Ocean oqyaanus -c S River rood %) Mountain Kouh Desert Beyaban a

Fertile Baarwar ).) 8 Temperature Darjai-e haraarat ) * )%

16.3 NEW WORDS

Read the following new words carefully and loudly. English Transliteration Persian

Post office Edaare-pust 0.) %

Postal services Khidmat-e pusti 0 . _&#

Indian postal service Khidmat-e pusti-e hind && 0. _&#

Postal system Sistam-e pusti 0 .^0 /

Speed post Pust-e Sarea */ F 0

Registered post Pust-e Sufareshi 3) P/ .0

Currier Pust-e khususi 78#.0

stamp Tambur / Mohr *` / .*_

Postal stamp Tambur-e pusti 0 .*`

Money order Hawalai poole pusti 0 Yȶ[

Services Khadamaat _&#

Customer care Moraqebat-e Mushtari *4_ S * _ Surcharge Ezafe Bahaa .O ; 36

III The Post Office Postal code Kud-e pusti 0.&

Other services Khadamaat-e digar * % _&#

Open Baaz +

Close Bastan b0 Customer care services Khadamaat-e *4_ .S *: _ _&# moraqebat-e mushtari National services Khadamaat-e melli \_. _&# International services Khadmaat-e bainul- \\`[ b . _&# melali Inland letters Naameha-ye daakheli \# % . _ c

16.4 EXERCISE-1

Match the following words with their correct meanings. English Persian

Post office (Edaarepust) 3) P/ .0

Postal services (Khidmat-e pusti) .78#.0

Indian postal service (Khidmat-e pusti-e *` / .*_ hind)

Postal system (Sistam-e pusti) 0 .*`

Speed post (Pust-e Surat) 0 [ [

Registered post (Pust-e Sabt) _&#

Currier (Char-khamsaaz) 0.) %

stamp(Tambur / Mohr) 0 . _&#

Postal stamp (Tambur-e pusti) && 0. _&#

Money order (Hawalaipust) 0 .^0 /

Services (Khidmaat) */ F 0

16.5 EXERCISE-2

Read the following sentences carefully. English Transliteration Persian

This is a post In edaare-ye pust ast. ./ 0 ) % .b 37

Reading and Writing-III office. The post office Edaare pustsaaet-e noh- .7 9 .G / .0.) % opens at 9 AM. e sub’h baaz mishawad. .%4 _+ It gets close at In dar sa’aet-e Se baste .0 ./.G /.)%.b 3PM mishawad. .%3 _ Postal services in Khadamaat-e pusti dar .) 0 .&&.)& 0 . _&# India are very hend besyaar khoob ast. good. / . # India Postal Khadamaat-e pusti-e .&& 0 _&# services are Hend sareetar wa quicker and arzaantarast. . / *c +) *H * / cheaper. There are four Chehaar noe az .0. _&#+ .Ec .) types of postal khadamaat-e pusti services. wojud daarad. .%) %% Speed post, Pust-e surat, pust-e sabt, .0 3) P00.0 G*/ .0 registered post, pust-e khususi va pust-e currier and aadi maamul hastand. .78#.0 ordinary post are .&&0.Y`H` % H0 common. Ordinary post is Pust-e maamuli .b *c +) [`H_ .0 cheapest one. arzaantareen ast. ./

Registered post is Pust-e sabt geraantareen ./ .b *c * . .0 costliest one. ast.

There are various Anwaa-e mukhtalef-e %) %.%*`P\$_ .E c types of stamps. tambr wojud daarad. Through money Dar saraasar hend . T *= .+ &&.*/ */.)% order we send aztariq-e hawale bank money all over iarsaal-e pool anjaam ] c Y.Y /) c .[ India. mishawad. .%3 _ The surcharge for Jareeme braai hawala-e Y.[ . * . .O ; money order is 5% pool pusti faghat panj only. darsad ast. ./ &7)&&@TO 0

16.6 EXERCISE-3

Read the following sentences loudly. English Transliteration Persian Is post office a edaar pusti yek .0/_. .0.) % . a government moassese dolati ast? institution? 2/ .[% Yes it is a Bali, in yek mossassi 38 .[%.0/_. .b .\

III The Post Office government dolati ast. ./ institution. What are the In kudaam khidmaat .^ *O. ). _&#.] &.b services it provides? raa faraham mikunad. 2&& _ It provides various In khidmaat-e .&&c _.N\$_. _&#.b services like money mukhtalif maanand order, speed post hawale poole pusti, .0 . 0 Y.[ and currier etc. pust-e sare wa peek .^ *O.* K. ..F */ waghaira farahm .&& _ mikunad. What is the Sar-baar braaye ersaal- [ [ /) * . O ; surcharge for e hawale poolepusti sending money cheghadr? 2/ .)&S 0.Y order?

It is just 5% Faqat panj dar sad ast. / &7)% 5 .>TO Does the post office edaare pust khidmaat- .b . _&#.0.) % . a provide international e bainul-melali farahm services? mikunad. 2&& _.^ *O.\\`[ Yes it provides Bale, in khidmaate- \\`[ .b . _&# b .\ international bainul-milali raa services. faraham mikunad. .&& _.^ *O . ) The postal system Seestam-e pusti daarai .4 ) % .0.^0 / has very good shibke besyaar khub network across dar saraasar hend ast. .*/ */.)& #) 0 India. ./ && Customers are very Mushtariyan az . _&# .+ .a *4_ much satisfied with khadamaat-e pusti the postal services. besyaar raazi hastand. .&&0.; )) 0 0

16.7 EXERCISE-4

Practice the following question answer exercise. Where are you Sowaal: Shomaakuja 2& ) _. . `3 going? miraweed? I am going to post man be edaare pust .0.) % . .b_ office. mirawam. .]) _ Where is the post Sowaal: edaare pust 2/ . .0.) % office? kujaast? The post office is Edaare pust dar muheet- .= _.)%.0.) % in IGNOU campus. e IGNOU ast. ./ .& How far it is from Sowaal: az khaane . ).)&S. . `3.c #.+ Shomaa cheqadar raah 39

Reading and Writing-III your home? ast? 2/ It is only 5 az khaane man in faqat .&.>TO.b .b_.c #.+ kilometers from panj kilometer ast. my home. ./ .*_.\ Do you know the Sowaal: aayaa Shomaa . ). 0. `3. a post man? pustchi raa mishinase? 2/ &3 _ Yes, I know the bale, man pustchiraa . ). 0.b_.\ post man. mishinasum. .^/ &3 _ Can you send the Sowaal: aayaa Shomaa ..& c _. `3. a money order to my mitawaneed ke ersaal-e mother? pool be maadram .])% _. . ).Y.Y /) befarasteed? 2& /*P

Yes, why not. bale, albatte .[ . \ Is this service Sowaal: aayaa in .*H */._&#.b . a faster? khidmate sareetarast? 2/

Yes it is faster. bale in sareetarast. ./ .*H */.b .\ How many days it Sowaal: in chand ruz .Y=.+).&& .b will take? tool khahad kasheed? 2& 4.& # It will take three in se ruz tool khahad .Y=.+)./.b days. kasheed. .& 4& #

16.8 EXERCISE-5

Match the following with their correct meanings. English Transliteration Persian This is a post (In edaare pustast) .&.>TO.b .b_ ȶc #.+ office. / .*_\ The post office (Edaare pust da rsaaet-e . ).)&S. . `3 ȶc #.+ opens at 9 AM. noh subahb aaz 2/ mishawad.) It gets close at (In darsaaet-e Se baste .& #.Y=.+)./.b 3PM mishawad.) .& 4

Postal services in (Khidmaat-e pustidar . ). 0. `3. a India are very hend besyaarkhoobast.) good. 2& / &3 _ 40

III The Post Office Do you know the ( Shomaa pustchi raa ./ .0.) % .b post man? midaaneed?)

It will take three (in se ruz tool 9 .G /.)% .0.) % days. khahadkasheed.) .%4 _+ .7

How far it is from (azkhaaneShomaacheqa .0 ./.G /.)%.b your home? darraahast?) .%3 _ It is only 5 (azkhaane man in .) 0 .&&.)& 0 . _&# kilometers from faqatpanj kilometer my home. ast.) ./ . #

16.9 EXERCISE-6

Translate the following into Persian. English / Transliteration Persian The post office is in IGNOU campus. (edaar-e pust dar muheet-e IGNOU ast.) It will take three days. (in se ruz tool khahadkasheed.) This is a post office. (In edaarepustast.) Do you know the post man? ( Shomaapustchiraa mishenasid?) What is the surcharge for sending money order? (Sar-baar braai arsaal-e hawalechist?) Customer care services (Khidmaat-e -Movazibeat-e mushtari)

National services (Khidmaat-e melli) International services (Khidmaat-e bainul-melali) Postal services in India are very good. (Khidmaat-e pustidar hend besyaarkhoobast.) 41

Reading and Writing-III Does the post office provide international services? (Aayaedaarepustkhidmaat-e bainul- melalifarahm mikunad.)

16.10 WRITING SKILLS

Now we expect that you can recognize easy words by adjoining the two or more letters. In the following exercises, we will try to develop your writing skills further.

16.11 EXERCISE-7

Write the following words six times, pronounce these words loudly while writing.

.0 0 .^0 / . _&# . _&# .) % 3) P/ */ F 0 && 0 0 0

16.12 EXERCISE-8

Write the following words five times. &#.

R .

&7. 42

III The Post Office ] * .

&7.

R .

] * .

)

` *

Q*3

Y `3

Reading and Writing-III UNIT 17 ETIQUETTE %a /]/) (rasoom / adaab)

Structure 17.0 Objectives 17.1 Introduction 17.2 Revision 17.3 New Words 17.4 Exercise-1 17.5 Exercise-2 17.6 Exercise-3 17.7 Exercise-4 17.8 Exercise-5

17.0 OBJECTIVES

Objective of the present unit “The Etiquette” is to make you aware of the common words and expressions related to the !"#$%&' !($)*!((! and social behavior while interacting in various capacities in day to day communication.

17.1 INTRODUCTION

The present unit has been designed to make you familiar with day to day communication in terms of social behavior, norms of interaction etc.The unit is supported by various exercises to consolidate your level of learning and understanding. You will learn few new words related to the etiquette and its use so that you can communicate day to day manners politely. 17.2 REVISION

Read the following words loudly. English Transliteration Persian Post office Edaare-pust 0#) % Postal services Khadamaat-e pusti 0 # _&# Indian postal service Khadamaat-e pusti-e hind &0 0# _&# Postal system Sistem-e pusti 0 #^0 / Speed post Pust-e Sarie F */ 0 Registered post Pust-e Sefarishe 3) P/ #0 Currier Pust-e khususi 78##0 stamp Tambur / Mohr *` / #*_ 44

III Etiquette Postal stamp Tambur-e pusti 0 #*` Money order Hawalai poole puste 0 Y#[ Services Khidmaat _&#

17.3 NEW WORDS

English Transliteration Persian Hello Alo [ Salam Salaam ]/ Excuse me Be-bakhshid & 4$ Thanks Tashakkur *4 Thank God Khuda raa shukr *3# ) # &# God willing ensha-Allah 4c May God bless you Khodawand be Shomaa #* # `3# #&c &# barkat be-dahad && Good bye Khoda-negehdaar / ) &c# &# / #BO # &# Khodaa Hafiz Please Lutfan 5# P@[ My pleasure Baisaa kuhsh halia man #b_#[ 3# G ast / Miss you Delam baraayat tang &3#0# * #^[% shudeh I like you Doostat daaram ]) %#/% Take your seat Benasheen #b 40 Turn the cell phone off Telfon-e- hamraah 1_ # ) *`#bP\ khamoosh kun #b Smoking is prohibited Sigaar kashidan mamnu #E0`_#a& 4) / ast / Warm welcome Esteqbaal-e garm ]*#Y T/ Welcome Khush aamdeed #& &_a#1# May I come in Mitawanam waarid be- #]4 #%) #^c _ shawam May I help you Mitawanam be Shomaa #`# `3# #^c _ komak konam 2^0 God is great Khodaa bozorg ast / #), # &# So nice of you Khubi az Shomaast / `3#+ # With due respect Baa tawajje #

Reading and Writing-III 17.4 EXERCISE-1

Match the following words with their correct meanings Persian English Excuse me(Be-bakhshid) 5# 5#P@[ Thanks (Baa tashakkur) / #b_#[ 3##G Thank God(Khuda ra ashukr) &3#0# * #^[% God willing (Enshaa-Allaah) ]) %#/% Please (Lotfan) #b 40 My pleasure(Iftekhaar-e man) & 4$ Miss you(Delambarayat tang shudeh) *4# I Like you (Doostat daaram) *3# )# &# Take your seat (Binasheen 4c

17.5 EXERCISE-2

Give the Persian equivalent of the following words. English Persian Turn the cell phone off(Telfon-e hamraah raa khamoosh kun) Smoking is prohibited (Sigaar kashidan mamnu ast) Warm welcome (Esteqbaal-e garm) Welcome (Khush aamdeed) May I come in(Mitawanam waarid be-shawam) May I help you (Mitawanam be Shomaa komak konam) God is great (Khodaa bozorgast) So nice of you(Khoob az Shomaa)

17.6 EXERCISE-3

Read the following carefully. English Transliteration Persian Please take your Lutfan sandal-e khud raa )#%##[&07#5 P@[ seat. begeer * 46

III Etiquette Kindly give me Lutfan qalam-e Shomaa raa & #b` ) `3#^\S#5 P@[ your pen be man bedeh

How are you? Haal-e Shomaa chetor ast? 2/ #)@ # `3#Y

I am fine, thank Man khoob hastam, a0`_0^0 # # #b_ you mamnoon Can I help you? Mitawanam be Shomaa #`# `3# ^c #_ komak konam ^0

God bless you my Aziz-e man ! Khodaawand # `3#&c &# !b_#, ,G dear Shomaa raa barkat be- && #* # ) dahad

So nice of you Khoob az Shomaa `3#+ # # I am always at Man hameshe dar khidmat- #_&##)%#4 `#b_ your service e Shomaa hastam ^0 `3 It is an honor to be In iftekhaar-e man ast ke ##/ #b_) $O #b with you baa to baasham ^3 ## I respect your Bi ehsaasaat-e Shomaa raa # `3# / 0 # emotions ehteram miguzaaram ]) ( _#] *

Welcome to my Khush aamdeed be khan -e b_ c #ȶ # #& &_a#1# house man

I missed you so Delam baraayat tang &3#0# * #^[% much shudeh

They are my Aanhaa doustaan-e man &00 b_#a /% # ca friends hastand

They are my Aanhaa mehmaan-e man &00#b_#a `_ # ca guests hastand.

17.7 EXERCISE-4

Translste the following sentences into Farsi English Persian Please take your seat. Kindly give me your pen How are you? I am fine, thank you. Can I help you? God bless you my dear So nice of you 47

Reading and Writing-III 17.8 EXERCISE-5

Read the following question answer carefully. English Transliteration Persian good morning sobh bekhair * ## #7 good morning sobh bekhair * ## #7

English Transliteration Persian Please take your lotfan befarmayid & _*P # 5 P@[ seat. thank you Mutashakirum . ]*4_ English Transliteration Persian How was your safar-e Shomaa #2% #)@ # `3#*P/ journey? chetor bood? it was good and az rahm-o-karam-e #b # &# #]*##^ )#+ safe by the grace of Khodaa. in khoob wa God mehfooz bood % #AP _## # .

English Transliteration Persian How was your stay in aaqaaamat-e Shomaa dar #a * #)%# `3#_ S Iran? Iran cheor bood? #2% #)@ it was memorable for in baraaye man jaalib # [ #b_# * #b me bood . %

English Transliteration Persian What about the people Dar baaraie mardom-e #a * #]%*_#) #)% of Iran? Iran che? #2# They are cooperative Aanhaan hamdel va #* ([%##Y&`#a ca and pleasant. delpezir hastand. . &00

III Conversation with UNIT 18 CONVERSATION WITH Brother, Sister and BROTHER, SISTER AND Friend FRIEND /% * # 0 )% * P (Goftagu baa baraadar, khaahar va doost)

Structure

18.0 Objectives 18.1 Introduction 18.2 Revision 18.3 Conversation 18.4 Exercise-1 18.5 Exercise-2 18.6 Exercise-3 18.7 Exercise-4

18.0 OBJECTIVES

The objective of this unit is to make the learners aware about the conversation that take place among the brothers, sisters and the friends in day to day communication. 18.1 INTRODUCTION We talk to our friends and family members about the daily routine, about the examination, happenings in the school or college and so on, we get familiar with day to day happenings with our brothers, sisters and friends to make ourselves more social. in this unit we will learn the expressions dealing with conversation between the friends and the brothers & sisters.

18.2 REVISION

Read the following words carefully. English Transliteration Persian Hello Alo [ Salam Salaam ]/ Excuse me Be-bakhshid & 4$ Thanks Baa tashakkur *4 Thank God Khuda raa shukr *3 ) &# God willing Enshaa-Allaah 4c 49

Reading and Writing-III God bless you Khodawand be & & * `3 &c &# Shomaa barkat be- dahad Good bye Khoda-negehdaar / ) &c &# / BO &# Khodaa Hafiz Please Lutfan 5 P@[ My pleasure Baaese khush hali-ye / b_ [ 3# G man ast Miss you Delam baraayat tang &3 F * ^[% shudeh I like you Doostat daaram ]) % /% Take your seat Benasheen b 4F Turn the cell phone Telfon-e hamraah ra b 1_ # ) *` bP\ off khamoosh kun Smoking is Sigaar kashidan / EF`_ a& 4 ) / prohibited mamnu ast Warm welcome Esteqbaal-e garm ]* Y T/ Welcome Khush aamadid & &_a 1# May I come in? Mitawanam waared 2 ]4 %) ^c _ be-shawam? May I help you Mitawanam be ` `3 ^c _ Shomaa komak konam 2^F God is great Khodaa bozorg ast / ), &# So nice of you Khubi az Shomaa ast / `3 + # With due respect Baa tawajjoh

18.3 CONVERSATION

Meaning Transliteration Sentence Brother: Good Brathar: Sub’h bakhair, * #* #: 7 : )% * morning, my dear Khaahar-e azizam. sister. .], ,G

Sister: Good Khaahar: Sub’h * # 7 : * # morning, my dear bakhair, brathar-e brother. azizam. ], ,G )% * : Brother: Today I Brathar: Emrouz man a _ b_ +*_ : )% * have half yearly imtehane sheshmahi examination. daaram. .]) % `43 Sister: I am going to Khaahar: Man brayat * b_ : * # 50

III prepare breakfast for subhaneh dorust mee Conversation with .^F _ /)% c 7 Brother, Sister and you. kunam. Friend Brother: I like soup. Brathar: Man soup raa /% ) c/ b_ : )% * Please Prepare soup dost daaram. Brayam for me. faqat soup dorust kunid. .]) % /)% c/ >TO ^ * .& F Sister: Take bath. Khaahar: To doush .* 1% : * # begir. Brother: Where is Brathar: Lebasam 2/ ^/ [ : )% * my dress? kujaast? Sister: Your dress is Khaahar: Lebasat ro -e $ ) / [ : * # on the bed. takht -e khab ast. ./ # Friend: Ahmad, Dost: Ahmad to kay &` : /% When will you go to beh dabestaan khahi school? raft? 2O) # a 0 % Imaan: I’ll go to Imaan: Man saate hasht 4 G / b_ : a ` school at eight beh dabestaan khaham o’clck. raft. .O) ^ # a 0 % Friend: I’ll also Dost: Man ham ba to ^ b_ : /% accompany you to beh dabestaan khaham school. raft. .O) ^ # a 0 % Ahmad: O.k. Ahmad: Baasheh. .3 : &` Brother: I took bath. Brathar: Man doush .^O* 1% b_ : )% * griftam. Sister: The breakfast Khaahar: subhaneh % _a c 7 : * # is ready. Aamadeh ast. ./ Imaan: My dear Imaan: Dost-e azizam, ], ,G /%: : a ` friend, did you take to subhaneh khordi? breakfast? 2%)# c 7

Friend: No, I have not Dost: Nakhair, man b_ * $c : /% taken breakfast. subhaneh nakhurdeh am. .] %)$c c 7 Imaan: Come, let’s Imaan: Beya, baa ham c 7 ^ : a ` have breakfast together. subhaneh bekhurem. .^ )$ Dost: o.k. Dost: Baasheh. .3 : /% Brother: The breakfast Brathar: subhaneh \ # c 7 : )% * is very testy. khaili khushmazeh hast. ./ ,`3#

Reading and Writing-III Khaahar: A Khaahar: Nush-e jan! a 1c : * # complementary phrase used at meals. Friend: Thanks a lot. Dost: Khaili .^cF`_ \ # : /% mamnunam. Brother: Sister, now we Brathar: Khaahar, _ * # : )% * are going to school haalaa maa baa ham together. beh dabestaan .^ ) _ a 0 % ^ meeraweem. Brother: Good bye. Brathar: khodaa Haafez BO &# : )% * Friend: Good bye. Dost: khodaa Haafez BO &# : /% Sister: Good bye. Khaahar: ) &c &# : * # khudanigedar.

18.4 EXERCISE-1

In the following exercise we are trying to help you memorize some very important words related to various professions. The purpose is to enable you to tell others about your professions in Persian. Form simple sentences on the pattern given below and use the words related to the various professions. Meaning Translitera Answer Meaning Transliter Question tion ation

I am a Man 4c % b_ Who are Shomaa 2& 0 `3 student. Danishju you? kisteed? hastam. .^0

I am a Man 3, b_ Who are Shomaa 2& 0 `3 doctor. pezeshk you? kisteed? hastam. ^0

I am an Man -&F_ b_ Who are Shomaa 2& 0 `3 engineer Mohandes you? kisteed? . hastam. ^0

I am a Man &Fc ) b_ Who are Shomaa 2& 0 `3 driver. raanande you? kisteed? hastam. ^0

I am a Man darban a )% b_ Who are Shomaa 2& 0 `3 guard. hastam. you? kisteed? ^0

I am a Man sepah / b_ Who are Shomaa 2& 0 `3 soldier. hastam. you? kisteed? ^0

I am a Man ^\H_ b_ Who are Shomaa 2& 0 `3 teacher. moallim you? kisteed? hastam. ^0 52

III Conversation with I am a Man b_ Who are Shomaa 2& 0 `3 Brother, Sister and writer. navisandeh you? kisteed? Friend hastam. &F0 c ^0

I am a Man ^*_ b_ Who are Shomaa 2& 0 `3 translator. motarjim you? kisteed? hastam. ^0

18.5 EXERCISE-2

You have seen in the dialogue between brother and sister that the brother is the student who tells his sister about the food he likes the most. Here in this exercise we are trying to help you memories many important Persian words on the same pattern. Meaning Transliteration Answer Meaning Transliteration Question I like Man ghaza-e ( K b_ Which Kudaam ghaza ) (K ] & Indian Hindi raa dost food do raa dost daarid? food. daram ) &F you like? 2& ) % /% ]) % /% I like Man shahare *3 b_ Which Kudaam shahar ) *3 ] & Delhi. Dehli raa dost town do raa dost daarid? daaram. ) \% you like? 2& ) % /% ]) % /% I like Man keshware )4 b_ Which Kudaam ) )4 ] & India. hend raa dost country keshwar raa dost daaram. /% ) &F do you daarid? 2& ) % /% ]) % like? I like Man Zabaane a + b_ Which Kudaam Zabaan ) a + ] & Persian faarsi raa dost language raa dost daarid? language. daaram. ) /) O do you 2& ) % /% ]) % /% like? I like Man Mirza [ K b_ Which Kudaam shaer ) *G 3 ] & Mirza Ghalib-e poet do raa dost daarid? Ghalib of Delhavi raa dost ) \% you like? 2& ) % /% Delhi. daaram. ]) % /% I like Man rang-e sabz ,/ c) b_ Which Kudaam rang ) c) ] & green raa dost daaram. colour do raa dost daarid? colour. ]) % /% ) you like? 2& ) % /% I like Man Amir b_ Which Kudaam &F0 c ] & Amir Khusraw raa writer do nawisandeh raa Khusraw. dost daaram. ) *0#* _ you like? dost daarid? /% ) ]) % /% 2& ) % I like Man 4c % b_ Which Kudaam 4c % ] & Jawaharla daaneshgaah-e universit daaneshgaah raa l Nehru jawaharlal ZH[ * y do you dost daarid? /% ) university Nehru raa dost ) *c like? 2& ) % daaram. . ]) % /% 53

Reading and Writing-III 18.6 EXERCISE-3

In the following exercise we are trying to help you practice the use of the Persian word !!"#$ which means you have / keep / possess, in various ways. In the process you will learn some important Persian words of daily use. Some of these words you might have already learnt in the previous units and lessons. The idea behind putting / repeating the same word again and again is to help you consolidate your learning. Meaning Transliteration Answer Meaning Transliteration Question Yes, I Bali, man ^\S b_ . \ Do you Shomaa qalam ^\S `3 a have a qalam daaram. have a daarid? pen. .]) % Pen? 2& ) % No, I do Nakhair, man b_ * $c Do you Shomaa `3 a not have ketaab have a Ketaab dared? a book. nadaaram. book? 2& ) % .]) &c Yes, I Bali, man b_ \ Do you Shomaa sikkeh / `3 a have a sikkeh daaram. have a dared? coin. .]) % / coin? 2& ) % No, I do Nakhair, man b_ * $c Do you Shomaa dost-e /% `3 a not have dost-e samimi have a samimi dared? a bosom nadaaram. /% bosom 2& ) % ` `7 friend. ` `7 friend? ]) &c

18.8 EXERCISE-4

The following exercise is aimed at making you familiar with the important Persian word i.e. aayaa used in interrogative sentences. In this exercise you will also learn the names of different languages in Persian. Now form sentences on the same pattern and give answer in yes or no.

Meaning Translite Answer Meaning Transliteration Question ration Yes. Bali. \ Do you know Aaya Shomaa a + `3 a Arabic Zabaan-e Arabi language? meedaneed? 2& c % _ *G No. Nakhair. * $c Do you know Aaya Shomaa a + `3 a Persian Zabaan-e- Faarsi language? meedaneed? 2& c % _ /) O Yes. Bali. \ Do you know Aaya Shomaa a + `3 a English Zabaan-e- Engelisi language? meedaneed? 2& c % _ 0 \c

III Conversation with Brother, Sister and Friend No. Nakhair. * $c Do you know Aaya Shomaa a + `3 a French Zabaan-e franseh language? meedaneed? 2& c % _ 0c *O Yes. Bali. \ Do you know Aaya Shomaa a + `3 a Russian Zabaan-e rusiyeh language? meedaneed? 2& c % _ /) Yes. Bali. \ Do you know Aaya Shomaa a + `3 a Hindi language? Zabaan-e hindi meedaneed? 2& c % _ &F