ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS page 12

INTRODUCTION 13

PART ONE GENERAL INFORMATION WHAT ARE HERBS, WHAT ARE SPICES? HISTORY AND TRADITION OF HERBS AND SPICES HERBS AND SPICES FOR HEALTH, COOKING AND COSMETICS CULTIVATION OF HERBS AND SPICES Growing Herbs Outdoors Growing Herbs Indoors In the Greenhouse THE HERB GARDEN HARVESTING, DRYING AND STORING THE SIGNIFICANCE OF WILD HERBS AND SPICES FOR SURVIVAL Wild Herb Table

PART TWO THE INDIVIDUAL HERBS AND SPICES

ACANTHUS Acanthus mollis Page ASAFOETIDA Ferula asafoetida page 59 ACONITE Aconitum napellus BASIL Ocimum basilicum 60 AGRIMONY Agrimonia eupatoria BAY Laurus nobilis 61 ALEXANDERS Smyrnium olusatrum BEARBERRY Arctostaphylos uva-ursi 62 ALLSPICE Pimenta oficinalis BELLADONNA Atropa belladonna 64

ANGELICA Angelica archangelica , BERGAMOT Monarda didyma 65 ANISE Pimpinella anisum BETONY Betonica oficinalis 66 ARNICA Arnica montana BILBERRY Vaccinium myrtillus 68 ARROWROOT Maranta arundinacea BLESSED THISTLE Carduus benedictus 69 6 CONTENTS

BORAGE Borago oficinalis page 71 ELECAMPANE Inula helenium page 120 BRYONY Bryonia dioica 72 EQUISETUM see Horsetail BUCKBEAN Menyanthes trifoliata 74 EYEBRIGHT Euphrasia oficinalis BULRUSH Typha latifolia 76 FAT HEN Chenopodium album CALAMINT Calamintha oficinalis 78 FENNEL Foeniculum vukare CALAMUS Acorus calamus 78 FENUGREEK Trigonellafoenum CAPER Capparis spinosa 81 graecum CAPSICUM PEPPERS Capsicum FLAX Linum usitatissimum annuum 83 FOXGLOVE Digitalis purpurea CARAWAY Carum carvi 85 GARLIC Allium sativum CARDAMOM Elletaria cardatnomum 86 GENTIAN Gentiana lutea CAYENNE PEPPER see Capsicum GINGER Zingiber oficinale Pepper 83 GOLDEN ROD see Solidago CELERY and CELERIAC Apium GROUND ELDER Aegopodium

CHERVIL Anthriscus cerifolium CHICKWEED Stellaria media 95 HENBANE Hyoscyamus niger CHICORY Cichorium intybus 97 HIBISCUS Hibiscus sabdart@a CHIVES Allium schoenoprasum 99 HOPS Humulus lupulus CINNAMON Cinnamomum zeylanicum IOO HORSERADISH Cochlearia armoracia 147 CLARY Salvia sclarea 102 HORSETAIL Equisetum arvense CLOVE-PINK Dianthus caryophyllus 103 HYSSOP Hyssopus oficinalis CLOVES Eugenia aromatica 104 ICELAND MOSS Cetraria icelandica 152 COLTSFOOT Tussilugo farfara 105 JUNIPERJuniperus communis COMFREY Symphytum oficinale 106 LADY'S BEDSTRAW Galium vemm 154 CORIANDER Coriandnrm sativum 107 LADY'S MANTLE Alchemilla vulgaris 155 CORNFLOWER Centaurea cyanus 109 LADY'S SMOCK Cardamine pratensis 156 COSTMARY Chrysanthemum balsamita IIO LAVENDER Lavandula Vera COUCHGRASS Agropymm repens I 12 LEMON BALM Melissa oficinalis COWSLIP Primula veris 112. LESSER CELANDINE Ranunculus CUMIN Curninum cyminum I13 ficaria DANDELION Taraxacum o@cimle 114 LIME Tilia vulgaris DEADLY NIGHTSHADE see LINDEN see Lime Belladonna 64 LINSEED see Flax DIGITALIS see Foxglove I30 LIQUORICE Glycyrrhiza glabra DILL Peucedanum graveolens 116 LOVAGE Ligusticum scoticum ELDER Sambucus nigra I 17 MACE Myrirtica fragrans CONTENTS

MARIGOLD Calendula oficinalis page SAGE Salvia oflcinalis Page MARJORAM Origanum majorana ST JOHN'S WORT Hypericum MARSH MALLOW Althea oflcinalis perforatum MARSH SAMPHIRE see Samphire SALAD BURNET Sanguisorba minor MEAD0W SWEET Spiraea ulmaria SALSIFY Tragopogon porrifolium SAMPHIRE Crithmum maritimum MELILOT Mclilotus oficinalis SAVORY, Summer Satureia hortensis MELISSA see Lemon Balm Winter Satureia montona MINT-Spearmint Mentha viridis SEA HOLLY Eryngium maritimum Peppermint Mentha piperita SESAME Sesamum indicum Apple or Bowles Mentha SHALLOT see Onion rotundifolia SILVERWEED Potentilla anserina MISTLETOE Viscum album SOLIDAGO Solidago virgaurea MUGWORT Artemisia vufgaris SORREL, French Rumex scutatus MULLEIN see Verbascum Garden Rumex acetosa MUSTARD Brassica nigra and alba SOUTHERNWOOD Artemisia MYRTLE Myrtus communis abrotanum NASTURTIUM Tropaeolum majus or STAR-ANISE nlicium verum minus STONECROP Sedum acre NETTLE Urtica dioica NPPLEWORT Lapsana communis SUNFLOWER Helianthus annuus NUTMEG see Mace SWEET CICELY Mynhis odorata ONION Allium cepa TANSY Tanacetum vufgare OREGANO see Marjoram TARRAGON Artemisia dracunculus PANSY Viola tricolor TREE ONION see Onion PAPRIKA see Capsicum Peppers THYME, Garden Thymus vulgaris PARSLEY Petroselinum crispum Lemon Thymus citriodorus PEPPER Piper nigrum TURMERIC Curcuma longa PLANTAIN Plantago major VALEIUAN Valeriana oficinalis POPPY Papaver somn@rum VANILLA Vanilla planifolia PURSLANE Portulacca oleracea VERBASCUM Verbascum thapsus QUASSIA Picraena excekq VERBENA, Lemon Lippia citriodora REEDMACE see Bu~rush Vervain Verbena oflcinalis ROSE Rosa cunina VIOLET Viola odorata ROSE GERANIUM Pelargonium graveo lens WELSH ONION see Onion ROSEMARY Rosmarinus ofidnalis WOODRUFF Asperula odorata RUE Ruta graveolens WORMWOOD Artemisia absinthium SAFFRON Crocus sativus YARROW Achillea millefolium 8 CONTENTS

PART THREE CHARTS

HERB AND SPICE CULINARY CHART HOME-MADE MIXTURES HERB TEAS COSMETIC CHART

PART FOUR APPENDICES GLOSSARY BIBLIOGRAPHY INDEX