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Ecography ECOG-05013 Aikio, S., Ramula, S., Muola, A. and von Numers, M. 2020. Island properties dominate species traits in determining plant colonizations in an archipelago system. – Ecography doi: 10.1111/ecog.05013 Supplementary material Supplementary material Appendix 1 Fig. A1. Pairwise relationships and correlation coefficients of the island variables in the AIC- simplified model. 1 Fig. A2. Pairwise relationships and correlation coefficients of the plant traits in the AIC- simplified model. 2 Dispersal_vector [wind_water] Dispersal_vector [endozoochor] Dispersal_vector [unspecialised] Historical_total_log Pollen_vector [abiotic_insect] Life_form [herb] Dispersal_vector [myrmerochor] Dispersal_vector [epizoochor] Area_log Plant_height_log Limestone [Yes] Convolution Buffer_2_km_log Life_cycle [short] Seed_mass_log Veg_repr [Yes] North_limit Seed_bank [transient] Ellenberg_Nitrogen Ellenberg_Moisture Residents_per_area_log Ellenberg_Temperature Ellenberg_Reaction Shannon_habitats Shore_meadow Deciduous_forest Mixed_forest Marsh Buffer_5_km_log Buildings Euref_X Meadow_or_pasture Euref_Y Eklund_culture SLA Ellenberg_Light Coniferous_forest Sand Open_rock_or_bare_ground Seed_bank [unknown] Apomictic [Yes] Life_form [woody] Pollen_vector [insect] Pollen_vector [abiotic_self] Dist_to_historical_log Pollen_vector [self] Pollen_vector [insect_self] 0.2 0.5 1 2 5 10 Odds Ratio Fig. A3. Odds ratios (i.e., exp[parameter estimate]) and 95% confidence intervals for the fixed effects of the colonization model (full model of all 587 species with partially incomplete data). A positive value for which the confidence interval does not overlap zero indicates that the variable increases colonization probability. See Tables 1 and 2 for descriptions of variables. 3 species Potential_islands Num_colonized Prop_colonized Random_effect Acer platanoides 464 17 0.036637931 NA Achillea millefolium 149 34 0.228187919 -0.480318601 Achillea ptarmica 456 67 0.146929825 1.988058033 Actaea spicata 456 12 0.026315789 -0.721749503 Adoxa moschatellina 447 6 0.013422819 -1.106237668 Aegopodium podagraria 465 4 0.008602151 NA Agrimonia eupatoria 385 32 0.083116883 -0.734147284 Agrimonia odorata 469 1 0.002132196 NA Agrostis canina 331 73 0.220543807 0.217468552 Agrostis capillaris 117 32 0.273504274 -0.175905052 Agrostis stolonifera 11 4 0.363636364 -0.232337118 Alchemilla filicaulis ssp. filicaulis 455 0 0 NA Alchemilla glaucescens 463 2 0.004319654 NA Alchemilla monticola 466 1 0.002145923 NA Alchemilla sp 449 2 0.004454343 NA Alchemilla subcrenata 468 2 0.004273504 NA Alisma plantago-aquatica 468 2 0.004273504 NA Alliaria petiolata 469 1 0.002132196 NA Allium oleraceum 405 26 0.064197531 -0.663753352 Allium schoenoprasum 56 35 0.625 1.245173729 Allium scorodoprasum 458 12 0.026200873 -0.399988191 Allium ursinum 467 1 0.002141328 NA Alnus glutinosa 133 50 0.37593985 NA Alopecurus aequalis 445 6 0.013483146 -1.008689874 Alopecurus arundinaceus 398 76 0.190954774 NA Alopecurus geniculatus 428 4 0.009345794 -1.73677429 Alopecurus pratensis 448 26 0.058035714 0.302708749 Anagallis minima 470 2 0.004255319 NA Anchusa arvensis 471 0 0 NA Anemone nemorosa 441 11 0.024943311 NA Angelica archangelica ssp. litoralis 171 139 0.812865497 0.982736576 Angelica sylvestris 125 61 0.488 NA Antennaria dioeca 301 8 0.026578073 -1.460919797 Anthemis arvensis 470 0 0 NA Anthemis tinctoria 471 1 0.002123142 NA Anthoxanthum odoratum 224 19 0.084821429 NA Anthriscus sylvestris 176 60 0.340909091 -0.418305478 Arabidopsis thaliana 71 42 0.591549296 1.214554461 Arabis glabra 364 51 0.14010989 -0.196474805 Arabis hirsuta 397 22 0.055415617 NA Arctium minus 468 2 0.004273504 NA Arctium tomentosum 471 3 0.006369427 NA Arctium vulgare 466 3 0.006437768 NA Arctostaphylos uva ursi 453 10 0.022075055 0.202318404 Arenaria serpyllifolia 388 21 0.054123711 NA Armoracia rusticana 471 1 0.002123142 NA Arrhenatherum elatius 348 54 0.155172414 -0.735336989 Artemisia absinthium 465 0 0 NA Artemisia campestris 386 45 0.116580311 -0.538392359 Artemisia vulgaris var. coarctata 457 144 0.315098468 NA Artemisia vulgaris var. vulgaris 469 30 0.063965885 2.12822156 Asperugo procumbens 465 2 0.004301075 NA Asplenium ruta muraria 468 0 0 NA Asplenium septentrionale 424 19 0.044811321 NA Asplenium trichomanes 444 10 0.022522523 NA Aster tripolium 362 233 0.643646409 1.793887434 Athyrium filix-femina 378 74 0.195767196 NA Atriplex littoralis 464 51 0.109913793 1.770415788 Atriplex longipes ssp. praecox 45 27 0.6 NA Atriplex patula 463 1 0.002159827 NA Atriplex prostrata 429 188 0.438228438 1.764848688 Avenula pratensis 469 3 0.006396588 NA Avenula pubescens 292 31 0.106164384 -0.782000759 Barbaraea stricta 323 63 0.19504644 NA Barbaraea vulgaris 470 1 0.00212766 NA Betula pubescens 285 104 0.364912281 0.035454658 Betula verrucosa 450 53 0.117777778 NA Bidens tripartita 467 3 0.006423983 NA Bistorta vivipara 470 0 0 NA Blysmus compressus 470 0 0 NA Blysmus rufus 459 1 0.002178649 -1.236321261 Bolboschoenus maritimus 469 26 0.0554371 NA Botrychium boreale 471 1 0.002123142 NA Botrychium lanceolatum 468 2 0.004273504 NA Botrychium lunaria 439 12 0.027334852 NA Botrychium matricariifolium 470 1 0.00212766 NA Brachypodium pinnatum 470 3 0.006382979 NA Brassica rapa ssp. oleifera 470 0 0 NA Briza media 415 8 0.019277108 -1.05396947 Bromus hordeaceus 419 15 0.035799523 -0.456459598 Cakile maritima ssp. baltica 447 7 0.015659955 -0.733400117 Calamagrostis arundinacea 469 0 0 NA Calamagrostis canescens 461 27 0.05856833 0.441565725 Calamagrostis epigejos 130 34 0.261538462 -0.505006807 Calamagrostis purpurea 469 2 0.004264392 NA Calamagrostis stricta 402 33 0.082089552 NA Calla palustris 466 1 0.002145923 NA Callitriche palustris 351 63 0.179487179 -0.115448347 Calluna vulgaris 161 32 0.198757764 -0.115955399 Caltha palustris 438 15 0.034246575 NA Calystegia sepium ssp. sepium 464 19 0.040948276 0.159158991 Campanula persicifolia 409 37 0.090464548 0.165493413 Campanula rapunculoides 471 1 0.002123142 NA Campanula rotundifolia 381 23 0.060367454 -0.649918103 Campanula trachelium 470 0 0 NA Capsella bursa pastoris 444 13 0.029279279 -0.097701529 Cardamine hirsuta 166 48 0.289156627 -0.109890361 Cardamine impatiens 471 1 0.002123142 NA Cardamine pratensis ssp. paludosa 470 3 0.006382979 NA Cardamine pratensis ssp. pratensis 445 7 0.015730337 NA Carex acuta 467 6 0.012847966 NA Carex brunnescens 468 0 0 NA Carex buxbaumii 470 1 0.00212766 NA Carex canescens 82 48 0.585365854 NA Carex capillaris 467 0 0 NA Carex cespitosa 469 0 0 NA Carex demissa 468 3 0.006410256 NA Carex diandra 470 1 0.00212766 NA Carex digitata 461 10 0.021691974 0.374993214 Carex disticha 450 16 0.035555556 0.336919014 Carex echinata 454 24 0.052863436 0.829798627 Carex elata 471 9 0.01910828 NA Carex elongata 464 4 0.00862069 NA Carex flacca 470 0 0 NA Carex flava 469 0 0 NA Carex glareosa 445 1 0.002247191 NA Carex lasiocarpa 464 2 0.004310345 NA Carex limosa 468 1 0.002136752 NA Carex loliacea 469 0 0 NA Carex mackenziei 467 1 0.002141328 NA Carex magellanica 430 39 0.090697674 0.64024092 Carex muricata 327 31 0.094801223 -0.993761424 Carex nigra ssp. nigra 20 8 0.4 0.6146111 Carex ovalis 341 24 0.070381232 -0.662477897 Carex pallescens 318 10 0.031446541 -1.806692764 Carex panicea 191 28 0.146596859 -0.596201081 Carex pilulifera 345 19 0.055072464 -0.994517747 Carex pseudocyperus 469 4 0.008528785 NA Carex pulicaris 470 0 0 NA Carex rostrata 454 25 0.055066079 0.627061872 Carex spicata 354 44 0.124293785 -0.395557019 Carex vesicaria 401 77 0.19201995 0.746992147 Carex viridula var. pulchella 328 51 0.155487805 NA Carlina vulgaris 470 3 0.006382979 NA Carum carvi 444 3 0.006756757 -1.222993647 Centaurea cyanus 468 1 0.002136752 NA Centaurea jacea 407 35 0.085995086 NA Centaurium littorale 397 181 0.455919395 2.160485873 Centaurium pulchellum 357 98 0.274509804 0.806749872 Cephalanthera longifolia 470 0 0 NA Cerastium arvense 471 1 0.002123142 NA Cerastium fontanum ssp. vulgare 109 24 0.220183486 -0.341792363 Cerastium glutinosum 418 11 0.026315789 -0.326496873 Cerastium semidecandrum 373 6 0.016085791 NA Chelidonium majus 468 6 0.012820513 NA Chenopodium album 454 14 0.030837004 0.000335643 Circaea alpina 467 1 0.002141328 NA Cirsium arvense var. arvense 395 162 0.410126582 1.205303425 Cirsium helenioides 470 3 0.006382979 NA Cirsium palustre 429 27 0.062937063 -0.211931914 Cirsium vulgare 124 21 0.169354839 -0.976259361 Cochlearia danica 274 41 0.149635036 -0.449858224 Coeloglossum viride 470 0 0 NA Convallaria majalis 360 83 0.230555556 0.421223917 Cornus suecica 335 54 0.16119403 0.219446293 Corylus avellana 444 23 0.051801802 -0.637157058 Cotoneaster scandinavicus 462 1 0.002164502 NA Crambe maritima 423 65 0.153664303 0.384588519 Crassula aquatica 446 2 0.004484305 NA Crataegus monogyna 467 0 0 NA Crataegus rhibidophylla 467 2 0.004282655 NA Crepis tectorum 303 53 0.174917492 NA Cuscuta europaea ssp. halophyta 471 1 0.002123142 NA Cystopteris fragilis ssp. Fragilis 362 39 0.107734807 NA Dactylis glomerata 412 13 0.031553398 -1.308323083 Dactylorhiza maculata ssp. maculata 442 20 0.045248869 0.228390821 Dactylorhiza sambucina 450 5 0.011111111 -0.488278474 Danthonia decumbens 319 55 0.172413793 0.230113101 Daphne mezereum 466 1 0.002145923 NA Dentaria bulbifera 454 10 0.022026432 NA Deschampsia bottnica 184 75 0.407608696 NA Deschampsia caespitosa 283 28 0.098939929 -1.003840955 Deschampsia flexuosa 23 12 0.52173913 1.044894077 Dianthus deltoides 447 21 0.046979866 0.623892261 Diphasiastrum complanatum 471 0 0 NA Draba incana 421 25 0.059382423 NA Draba muralis 452 9 0.019911504 -0.463216115 Drosera intermedia 470 0 0 NA Drosera longifolia 470 0 0 NA Drosera rotundifolia 423 20 0.047281324 -0.237221839 Dryopteris carthusiana 94 45 0.478723404 NA Dryopteris cristata 468 2 0.004273504 NA Dryopteris dilatata 325 82 0.252307692 NA Dryopteris filix-mas 129 63 0.488372093 NA Echium vulgare 471 2 0.004246285 NA Eleocharis acicularis 471 1 0.002123142 NA Eleocharis mamillata 377 73 0.193633952 NA Eleocharis palustris coll.
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  • Resource Choice in Cuscuta Europaea (Plant Dlstbn/Nduar Autonomy/Donal Plants/Parsl Plants/Bost Dhice) COLLEEN K

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    Proc. Natd. Acad. Sci. USA Vol. 89, pp. 12194-12197, December 1992 Ecology Resource choice in Cuscuta europaea (plant dlstbn/nduar autonomy/donal plants/parsl plants/bost dhice) COLLEEN K. KELLY* Edward Grey Institute, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3PS, United Kingdom Communicated by Robert M. May, September 4, 1992 (receivedfor review June 30, 1992) ABSTRACT Individual stems with growing tps of dodder METHODS AND MATERIALS (Cuscuta europaea) were rnsplanted onto host plants (haw- thorn) of varying nt l statu. The p ite was more Dodder (Convolvulaceae) has no roots, only vestigial leaves, likely to coil on ("accept") hosts ofhih nutritional status and and does not photosynthesize. A stem of dodder infests its grow away from ("reject") hosts of poor qual. Dodder hosts by forming one or more loops about the host stem or leaf (a coiling bout), after which it sends pegs of absorptive exhibits this acc rejection respome befm taking up tissue (haustoria) into the host vascular system. Dodder any food from the host, so it is possible to dsole active possesses responses that may be used to effect rejection (Fig. choice from the passive effects of growth and m it. 1) and acceptance of resources. These responses are com- Probability of acceptance is gauged to expected reward. plete prior to any resource uptake and thus cannot be confused with the passive results of uptake (16). Higher plants vary in size and shape through variation in Hawthorn (Crataegus monogyna) is a native host of this number or morphology ofthe repeating subunits (modules) of dodder in Great Britain (26).