372 Environmental Conservation These very special habitats cannot be put under glass, priate coasts. To protect some 1,650 species of inverte- though concerned scientists talk of management. They brates and over 300 halophilic plants, a genuine European advocate grazing use, not only in moderation, but also network of biogenetic reserves needs to be established, and modulated according to the features of the natural salt quickly. marshes. In the case of artificial salt marshes they call for MICHEL GISSY maintenance of breakwaters, with restoration of the biol- c/o European Information Centre ogical value of salt marshes behind dikes, by opening them for Nature Conservation up once again to the sea. Boite Postale: 431 R6 These principles of conservation management will need F-67006 Strasbourg Cedex to be adopted in Nature reserves to be set up along appro- France.

Parks Canada-World Heritage Ceremonies The World Heritage Convention, established under the On 22 August 1985 a dual ceremony was held at Fort auspices of UNESCO, is of growing importance for the Smith and Fort Chipweyan, commemorating the designa- conservation of some of the world's most outstanding nat- tion of Wood Buffalo National Park as a World Heritage ural and cultural areas. Eighty-seven nations have joined Site. Wood Buffalo was recognized for its protection of the the convention, and so far 186 areas have been designated endangered Whooping Crane's (Grus americana) nesting World Heritage Sites. Of these, 43 are natural areas. areas, the Lake Claire Delta, and its Karst topography. As a part of Parks Canada's celebration of the centennial It seems most unfortunate that press coverage of both of Canada's first National Park, two new World Heritage these ceremonies indicated a lack of public (or, anyway, Sites were added to the six which have been previously press) understanding of the role of the World Heritage designated in Canada; joining Anthony Island (Ninstints Convention. Local press reports suggested that the areas Village), Kluane, Nahanni, Dinosaur, Head-smashed-in were being internationalized, and that future administra- Buffalo Jump, and L'Anse aux Meadows, were the 'Cana- tion would be under the jurisdiction of UNESCO! These dian Rocky Mountain Parks' and Wood Buffalo National misunderstandings have since been corrected. They do, Park. however, indicate the need for a continuing and more On 21 August 1985, HRH Prince Philip, Duke of Edin- intensive public education programme about the World burgh, unveiled a plaque commemorating 'The Canadian Heritage Convention and the designation of world heritage Rocky Mountain Parks World Heritage Site'. The cere- sites than has so far been mounted. mony attracted a crowd of hundreds in spite of driving HAROLD K. EIDSVIK, Senior Policy Adviser rainstorm. This World Heritage Site encompasses Banff, Parks Canada Jasper, Yoho, and Kootenay, National Parks, totalling an Ottawa area of 20,160 sq. km. At the ceremony, the Government of Ontario K1A 1G2, Canada; British Columbia announced its intention of responding Chairman, ('sometime Executive Officer) positively to the World Heritage Committee's request that Commission on National Parks Mount Assiniboine, Mount Robson, and Hamber, Provin- & Protected Areas cial Parks be added to the site to enhance its ecological IUCN integrity. The World Heritage Plaque has been mounted on World Conservation Centre the shores of Lake Louise, and will undoubtedly become 1196 Gland the subject of millions of tourist photos over the years. Switzerland.

Heritage Resources Programme: University of Waterloo-Parks Canada Cooperation between government agencies and univer- based Management Committee, provide direction to the sities to improve information, research, and training, Programme. The public-lecture series and occasional makes good economic sense. A liaison agreement between workshops and 'issue' sessions are providing for interac- Parks Canada and the University of Waterloo, in effect tion with interested faculty members, students, and profes- since May 1983, as noted in Environmental Conservation, sionals from other Ontario universities, as well as with 11(4), p. 369, 1984, has led to a productive period of government and nongovernmental heritage groups. strengthening working relationships between Parks Ca- A collection of government publications has been estab- nada and the Faculty of Environmental Studies, the De- lished at the University, with links to Parks Canada's main partment of Recreation and Leisure Studies, and also other documentation centre in Hull, P.Q. Five Occasional Pap- departments within the University. Advances have been ers have so far been produced and are available at cost. A made particularly in the areas of staff assignments, docu- publications brochure is available on request. mentation exchange, an 'occasional paper' series, a public- During 1985, the Programme's committee members lecture series, compilation of selected readings, heritage have been involved in commemorating the one-hundredth issue sessions, a student internship programme, network- anniversary of the establishment of the first Canadian ing with allied institutions, and a review and compilation National Park. The Management Committee has advised of training opportunities for Parks Canada staff that are on a special issue of'Environments: Sharing Heritage Man- offered by the University. agement, dedicated to Parks Canada in recognition of the A resident Parks Canada liaison officer participates in Centennial. teaching at the University. In addition, several Parks J. GORDON NELSON, Professor of Geography Canada staff members participate in various courses on a Heritage Resources Programme 'guest speaker' basis. Moreover, many students consult University of Waterloo-Parks Canada with the Parks Canada Liaison Officer on matters of con- c/o Faculty of Environmental Studies tacts, information, research, career development, and the- University of Waterloo sis work. A Joint Steering Committee, and a University- Waterloo Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada.

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