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Summer 1959 The Rockefeller Institute Quarterly 1959, vol. 3, no. 2 The Rockefeller University

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SUMMER 1959 CONTENTS OF THE ROCKEFELLER INSTITUTE

VOLUME 3 NUMBER 2 SUMMER . 1959

INSTITUTE HOLDS FIRST ACADEMIC CONVOCATION 1

UNIVERSITIES SEND GREETINGS 6

CONCERT SPANS FOUR CENTURIES OF MUSIC 8

GRADUATE FELLOWS GIVE SUMMER COURSE 8

KAJ U. LINDERSTR~M-LANG 8

DOCTORAL DEGREES AWARDED AT FIRST COMMENCEMENT 9

NEW BUILDINGS ARE DEDICATED 10

NEW FRONTIERS IN CONTEMPORARY AMERICAN PAINTINGS 14

MANY VISITORS ENJOY THE NEW BUILDINGS 16 Completion of the landscaping around the new buildings at the Institute has created an island of soft and verdant beauty in the midst of Manhat- tun's steel and concrete. Our cover sketch by Vincent Furno shows the north end of Abby Aldsich Rockefeller Hall which was designed by architect Wallace Harrison. Through the glass fqde at the left guests in the dining room have an impressive view of the massive towers of New York Hospital framed in the rectangles of the spacious open pavilion.

INSTITUTE HOLDS FIRST ACADEMIC CONVOCATION

NINECENTURIES after the founding humankind, universities have been among have left us a heritage of traditions of in- of the oldest university in the western the most enduring of human institutions. tellectual excellence and adventure. They world and a little more than a halfcentury Their vitality has been attested by their laid strong foundations for a house of after its own founding, The Rockefeller ability to sustain their basic purpose learning. Institute celebrated its new status as a within changing patterns of structure and "Five years ago we determined to build graduate university of science. This it did of action. Various and changing circum- further on those foundations, so that we by conferring its first honorary degrees on stances have evoked universities of various might welcome our young successors to the leaders of the most ancient universities characteristics. this community of scholars and gladly of the west: Bologna, Oxford, Cambridge, "Since the beginning of The Rockefeller teach and guide them as they prepare for San Marcos of Lima, Mexico, and Har- Institute, only half a century ago, it has scholarly careers. Today I do not speak of vard. While honoring those institutions provided rich opportunities for men to buildings as creations of glass and stone, of from whom science and scholarship have learn. It has been a community of scholars modern art or natural beauty. I speak now derived so much, the Institute also honored who were privileged to explore the frontiers of building an environment and an aca- Mr. John D. Rockefeller, Jr., son of its of natural knowledge. Our predecessors (continued on page two) founder. The conferring of degrees was the central event in that first Academic Con- vocation, held on May 21 and 22-two A NOTE ABOU'T THIS ISSUE brilliant days that were fitting prelude to the conferring of earned degrees of Doctor The Institute's first Academic Convocation in the western world, the University of of Philosophy at the first Commencement, and its first Commencement were land- Bologna; on the Vice-Chancellors of the a month later, on June 18. marks of such significance in its history two oldest universities in our mother coun- The Convocation opened on Thursday and to graduate education generally that try, Oxford and Cambridge; on the Rector afternoon, May 21, with addresses by we are devoting this issue of the Quarterly of the oldest university in the western President Bronk; DouglasMaitlandKnight, to them. hemisphere, the University of San Marcos President of Lawrence College; Lord The Convocation opened with a lunch- in Lima; on the Rector of the oldest uni- Adrian, Vice-Chancellor of the University eon for the faculty and guests on Thurs- versity in North America, the University of Cambridge; and Henry Allen Moe, Sec- day, May 21, followed by addresses in of Mexico; on the President of Harvard retary-General of the John Simon Guggen- A reception on the heim Memorial Foundation and President Caspary Auditorium. University, oldest university in the United of the American Philosophical Society. lawn of the North Campus preceded a States; and, finally, on Mr. John D. Rocke- IJt. Bronk's opening remarks placed the banquet that evening in the library and feller, Jr. Institute's role as a graduate university in dining room of Welch Hall for 500 in Dedication of the new buildings and a the context of academic tradition: honor of the recipients of the first honor- garden party concluded the events. "Since the beginning of the University ary degrees. A concert in Caspary Audi- Commencement followed a month later, of Bologna, nine centuries ago, many uni- torium followed, after which there was on June 18, when the degree of Doctor of versities of many kinds have been created dancing under the full moon on the pavil- Philosophy was conferred on five Gradu- in many places,,but all have been created ion of Abby Aldrich Rockefeller Hall. ate Fellows, and the Institute's honorary to satisfy the same deep desire of men to On Friday, May 22, the Institute con- degrees of Doctor of Science were conferred learn and teach. Because universities ferred the honorary degree of Doctor of upon Peyton Rous, Member Emeritus, and satisfy that desire, which is unique to Laws on the Rector of the oldest university on Herbert Gasser, Director Emeritus. FIRST ACADEMIC CONVOCATION continued from page one ties of nature. Such a man is about the best thing that our modern civilization can demic structure in which the youth may ists breed new university departments, and produce." learn from the elder, and the elder have so the scope of universities seems necessar- Such are the kind of men that Dr. Bronk the intellectual stimulus of the younger. ily to grow. But some graduate schools would have here, and that he would have "As we have extended the scope of The could become superlatively good by re- the students be. "We hope," he said, "that Rockefeller Institute and assumed the new stricting the scope of their endeavor to here we may relate science to all other responsibilities of a school of graduate immediately related fields. forms of creative endeavor; we may in- studies, we have thought deeply of our "That was said to me by Abraham terpret science as a great Odyssey of the obligations to satisfy the traditional stand- Flexner as I began my professorial career human spirit. We will not hesitate to draw ards of institutions of higher learning. I in 1925. That year he also wrote in The upon all the resources of the learned world: have personally felt that sense of responsi- Atlantic Monthly: 'The range of certain "I hope that here we can make an envi- bility keenly, for my life and the lives of universities could be greatly reduced. ronment in which men and women may my forebears have been lived in academic Moreover, modern science and scholarship pursue knowledge, not as a grim undertak- places which we prized highly. being what they are, universities could be ing, nor only for the achievement of im- very irregular affairs. No single science mediate, practical ends, but as a happy, OF THE canbecompletely represeptedanywhere; joyous quest of knowledge which will en- "The two most essential functions still less all sciences. And institutions most rich all their lives and the lives of all those which a true university has to perform and concerned with science would almost in- about them." which all universities have more or less evitably be less adequately developed on After commenting on the need for dif- discharged amidst the widest possible the humanistic side. Nor does it greatly fering institutions of higher learning with variety of system and method of organiza- matter, the very incompleteness of single various characteristics, Dr. Bronk paid tion," Dr. Bronk said, quoting Rashdall's institutions will force all real universities especial tribute to the undergraduate col- The Universities of Europe in the Middle in the higher sense to view themselves as leges of liberal arts from which so many of Ages (Oxford University Press, 1936), parts of one great organic field."' the Institute's graduate students come. "are to make possible the life of study, And so he closed by calling on Douglas whether for a few years or during a whole Maitland Knight, President of Lawrence career, and to bring together during that Rashdall, too, holds that universal inter- College in Appleton, Wisconsin, who ad- period face to face in living intercourse, ests are not necessarily the hallmark of the dressed the Convocation as spokesman for teacher and teacher, teacher and student, university. "The true explanation of [the the liberal arts college. He saw the rela- student and student." word]," he says, "at once supplies us with tionship between the college and the grad- He pointed out that those functions, a clue to the nature and historical origin uate school as an essential, organic one, described by Rashdall, "are familiar of the institution itself. However imposing and he said, "Since the live interchange enough, but in times of turmoil, when the and stimulating may be the conception of between the scholarly life and the whole tranquil, contemplative life is harassed an institution for the teaching, or for the life of society takes place nowhere else so and eroded by the busy demands of the cultivation of universal knowledge, how- effectively as it does in the undergraduate moment, they need to be restated, again ever imperative the necessity of such an years, it may not be totally arrogant to say and again. There are too many all about institution [may seem at times to be], it is that the future of the Rockefeller Insti- us," he said, "who value academic institu- one which can gain little support from the tute rests partially in the power of a hun- tions most, or only, for the training that facts of history. A glance into any collec- dred liberal arts colleges not only to provide they give as preparation for the perform- tion of medieval documents reveals the graduate fellows but to maintain the cli- ance of specific tasks; they value research fact that the word 'university' means mere- mate of learning in this country-even for only as discovery of useful knowledge. Too ly a number, a plurality, an aggregate of and in those who themselves will never be few, I fear, perceive research as a happy, persons.') learned men or women." exciting adventure that gives vitality to our In the presence of Lord Adrian, Master culture." Here he quoted the Institute's of Trinity College, Dr. Bronk quoted a THE EDUCATED MAN founder, Mr. John D. Rockefeller, who passage from another Master of Trinity The aim of it all, of course, is the edu- took a longer view, saying often to those College, George Trevelyan, who said of Sir cated man. "Whatever the means it uses who studied at the Institute: "Don't be in Rickman Godlee: "He was an outstanding to guarantee the continuum of knowl- a hurry to produce anything practical. If example of a type that has always specially edge," said Dr. Knight, "a course of study you don't, the next fellow will. You, here, attracted me: the specialist who has a has its meaning only if it assumes life in wplore and dream." wide outlook, broad knowledge and warm the individual; it is the single person who The wisdom and at the same time the enthusiasms outside his own subject as is the true unit of education.. .The great difficulty of limiting the size and scope of well as in it; and more particularly a man curse of size and mass in education is that a graduate university were then touched whose mind has been trained in the splen- they blind us to the end, and lead us in- upon by Dr. Bronk, who said: "Specializa- did discipline of a science, but whose heart stead to talk endlessly about the process. tion seems necessarily to follow increase and eyes take also delight in the triumphs The process of education is no substitute of knowledge. New specialties and special- of art, in the history of man, and the beau- for the educated man; in a sense the great- est responsibility of liberal education is to expresses itself above all in a victory over we prefer to ignore or to escape; our pride keep its process simple enough so that the these polar attitudes.. .It is the power and will not accept the dark humility of igno- event of true education can still take place." the duty of the best education to show that rance, and we forget that it is only prelude The aim of this process Dr. Knight de- these 'related opposites' are essential to one to knowledge. We are willing as a society scribed in various ways, but most vividly another if the life of the mind is to flour- to repeat the most trivial newsprint version and generally in terms of the bringing to- ish, and equally if the life of the commu- of reality rather than puncture with a gether in a single individual certain com- nity is to be possible." question our own pretenses at understand- plex qualities which he termed "related Dr. Knight then went on to consider ing." opposites."Three of these pairs of opposites one of the most important of all of the Such were some of the aims and chal- he cited as: "first, knowledge and immedi- paradoxes of related opposites: the right lenges of education and, in particular, un- ate experience; second, tolerance and com- regard for ignorance, confessed and ac- dergraduate education, put before the mitment; third, individuality and com- cepted, as the prelude-perhaps the neces- Convocation by Dr. Knight. But he con- munity. In each case, one half of the sary condition-of knowledge. sidered the problems of education at the equation-knowledge, or tolerance, or in- Institute to be no different, essentially. dividuality-is commonly regarded by our RIGHT REGARD FOR IGNORANCE "The setting is different," he said, "the society as somehow less significant than We were reminded of Grote's introduc- measurable task is more complex in cer- the other half-immediate experience, or tion to his History of Greece: "Aconfessed tain ways; but its twin bases are the cre- commitment, or communal life. It is the and confused ignorance," Grote said, "is a ative intellect and the living community. insistent claim of the best education, how- better state of mind than the fancy, with- You have more to expect of yourselves here ever, that we cannot participate in the im- out the reality, of knowledge." Dr. Knight than the advancement of knowledge, more mediacies, the commitments, the commu- called fear of the "creative darkness" of than the interaction of the great scientific nities of our world until we understand ignorance one of the most tragic aspects of disciplines. When you added the first grad- them; but it is our equal claim, of course, our "public culture." "We are conscious uate fellow to your community of scholars, that we fail just as badly if we give our enough of the other kinds of darkness," he you assumed two new responsibilities: allegiance only to a passion for abstract said, "those that lurk always at the edge of first, for the continuing life of the mind as knowledge, only to a tolerant but therefore foreign policy, stare out of a mental hos- something shared equally by scholar and detached appraisal of human convictions, pital, or up from the sidewalks of an Asian pupil; and second, for a public image of only to the existence of the individual and slum. The darkness of unknowing, how- academic achievement as inseparable from not to his relationships. The educated life ever, makes inner demands on us which (continued on page four)

Ceremony of Conferring Honorary Degrees Dr. Rous delivering his citation of Baron Adrian of Cambridge. - Seated from left to right are: Front row, Dr. G. Gherardo Forni, Baron Adrian, Dr. Nabor Carrillo, Mr. David Rockefeller, President Bronk, The Reverend McCracken, Dr. Nathan Pusey, Dr. Le6n Barandiarln, Dr. T. S. R. Boase; Back row, Dr. Whitaker, Dean Brink, Dr. Corner, Professor Shope, Professor Mirsky, Professor Weiss; Professor Dubos, Professor Horsfall, Jr. FIRST ACADEMIC CONVOCATION continued from page three sity of specialized research institutes. The result has been that there is now a tend- the worthy ends of society at large. You are above the surface, but for the rest personal ency to weaken the research activities of an instrument of public policy as well as details and controversies and habits of life universities by removing some of the most private research: you embody a way of are not our affair. We have to survey the fruitful fields of investigation to special living as well as a way of knowing." operations of an immense army and to do institutes with little or no duty to teach. what we can to see that the troops are Lord Adrian acknowledged that in many SCIENCE IN UNIVERSITIES properly trained and led in the right di- fields, e.g., history, law, economics, the re- Baron Adrian of Cambridge, Master of rection." search institute has become a popular or- Trinity College and Vice-Chancellor of The training of scientists in adequate ganization and that in science such bodies Cambridge University, was the third numbers to meet today's demands, Lord are playing a valuable part in this and speaker during the Thursday afternoon of Adrian thought, is likely to be free at least other countries. "Yet," he said, "I feel sure the Convocation. His subject was "The from too great emphasis on technological we ought to resist too much paring down Place of Science in Universities Past and aims. "They have been and will be trained of our responsibilities for advancing knowl- Present," and he took us at once more than in universities by academic scientists who edge within the framework of university 300 years into the past to Gresham College, are aware of the need to study the founda- courses. The most fruitful research team founded in the City of London at the be- tions as well as to put up the temporary will suffer in the long run if it has no direct ginning of the seventeenth century. It was and,showy buildings," said Lord Adrian. contact with the student body and, quite a college for advanced studies and had "I think, however," he went on to say, apart from the claims of scientific research, close ties with Oxford, but so uneasy were "that there is a danger that comes from the student's general education will suffer the troubled times prior to the Restoration the great expansion of scientific effort at if it can never come near the growing that there is no evidence that the lectures the university level, though it may not be points of knowledge.. .The important point at Gresham College were ever regarded as as urgent in the United States as in coun- is that universities should be able to main- an organized course of instruction for stu- tries where it is less well supported by tain active research departments in the dents. private endowment. The danger I have in kind of science which deals with general After 1660, however, Gresham College mind is that the centralised authority of principles and offers no immediate profit had full advantage of its position. "The the state will come to play a greater and to society. It is important because such re- King," said Lord Adrian, "and many of greater role in directing the nature of uni- search will give life to the teaching and the Court were interested in the new learn- versity training and that it is likely to can- even more because special research insti- ing. Some of them had occupied their alise the direction of advance in science; to tutes must work on special problems. An time with experiments when they were in interfere to some extent with the processes enlightened government or an enlightened exile, and some of the Oxford philosophers by which we' arrive at some entirely new director of a research institute may en- had come to London and were anxious to outlook on outstanding problems. courage work on fundamental long range continue their meetings, and Gresham problems and may sometimes provide a College was the obvious place for them." STIMULATING CONTACTS refuge for the occasional genius who can- Thus began the Royal Society for Improv- "Our universities collect the ablest stu- not teach and wants to be left alone. But ing Natural Knowledge. "The story of dents: these teach one another unofficially universities do not need to be specially en- Gresham College," said Lord Adrian, "is and they are, or should be, taught more lightened to encourage unprofitable re- largely the story of its connection with the officially by senior members of the univer- search. We are prepared to applaud our Royal Society and with the Fellows of the sity who are themselves engaged in re- colleagues who spend their talents on the Society who worked there. It is a story full search or have at least a close acquaintance lesser authors of antiquity and so academic of personal details about men who were with the research of their colleagues. In scientists need not excuse themselves if remarkable for much more than their in- an atmosphere of intellectual ferment, they prefer to neglect the fashionable lines terest in science. It is copiously illustrated when investigations may be going on next of advance. There is always a need for the by portraits, letters and diaries and it is door in a wide range of science, the stu- kind of scientific research which is dic- about men as talented and as different as dent has to make his own choice, and it is tated by pure curiosity, for a fresh outlook Boyle, Pepys, Newton, Hooke, Wren and at this stage in his scientific career (if he will come more readily when there is no King Charles 11. It seems a pity to leave is to have one) that the seeds may be sown obvious target to fix its direction. such distinguished company, but we have which will germinate later in new ideas come here 300 years later to see the start and in these days there is so much ground THE BEST OF BOTH WORLDS of a new college in a new age. to cover that only the most self-reliant stu- "The famous Institute we are in today," "The Rockefeller Institute is not so dent can do without the stimulus of varied said Lord Adrian, "has had many years as large and impersonal that we cannot think and active research departments close at a research establishment of just the sort I of it and its staff in the same intimate hand and of the contacts with the men have been attacking. Its success outside the terms, but the great flood of scientific en- who are at work in them." university framework shows how little one deavour is now too vast to allow us to think Yet, the very nature of much of modem can generalize and how much we should of the individuals who inhabit it. There research, its size, and costly accoutrements, miss if we were tied to a single pattern. It are

THE CHANCELLOR, MASTERS, AND SCHOLARS THE UNIVERSITY OF CAMBRIDGE

OF THE UNIVERSITY OF OXFORD SEND GREETINGS TO SENDS GREETINGS

THE ROCKEFELLER INSTITUTE TO THE ROCKEFELLER INSTITUTE

It is with the greatest pleasure that we hear, learned gentle- We, as Cambridge men, remember especially the name of men, that you have obtained the right of conferring degrees John Rockefeller with grateful hearts, because in large part and have decided to make a beginning by summoning the we owe the new library, built for us twenty-five years ago, to foremost men of the most ancient Universities of Europe and the trustees of the funds which he bequeathed for the use of America to receive your honors. The youngest of the Uni- mankind and for the embellishment of life. Now we rejoice versities has now trained its first pupils, but already for fifty to learn that your Institute, which originated from the same years your seat of learning has shown itself most worthy, founder and for long has been famous for its studies in the in view of the reputation of its founder, by healing the sick field of medicine, has recently been converted into a Uni- and at the same time investigating the causes of health, and versity, and soon will admit its young men for the first time finally by advancing the good of the human race. At the be- to the degree of Doctor of Philosophy. Indeed for fifty years ginning of this century your country seemed perhaps to be you have even sent across to us many of your professors of scarcely equal to some other peoples, at any rate in these that science in order to share their plans with us. Moreover, arts; we believe that it is chiefly through John Rockefeller we remember with what enthusiasm we recently admitted that the situation is now very different. Nor should we fail your President, Detlev Wulf Bronk, to the honorary degree to mention that Christian A. Herter, the grandfather of the of Doctor of Science, and so it is especially pleasing to us distinguished gentleman who on his recent appointment has that we now have Baron Adrian, who is closely united to him undertaken the most serious task of preserving peace, was by study and friendship, as our Vice-Chancellor, since it is among the first directors of your association. his good fortune to receive a similar honor from you on such We think that many things should be admired in your in- a happy day. stitution: the sick pay no fee; your Fellows give their whole Medicine, indeed, is almost the only subject about whose attention to the business assigned to them; your guests as- value and usefulness there is no argument, and nothing must semble from many other peoples to share in your work; and be regarded as more important than that worthy young men you arrange that whatever is discovered shall be published should succeed the famous masters of that science. frequently in books and widely distributed. We are glad to For this reason we join all peoples in congratulating you, appoint our Vice-Chancellor to bring you our congratula- not only on the increase in your functions but also on the tions, to take part in your festivities, and to receive an honor new buildings which we have heard you will dedicate on the of distinction from you, and now that you have started on same day. your course with happy omens, all our prayers are that you, Farewell, and when your ceremonies have been happily gentlemen of the Institute, may always advance with pros- completed, keep the glory of your University unimpaired for perous fortune. Farewell. many centuries.

Given at Oxford, England Given at Cambridge, England on the fifteenth day of May, 1959 on the second day of May, 1959. THE UNIVERSITY OF BOLOGNA Therefore, as the oldest Universities, we see the true and genuine image of our own origins in the ample beginnings TO THE ROCKEFELLER INSTITUTE of The Rockefeller Institute, and the University of Bologna, which was once established, not by the power of the state but by the free will of private persons, especially sees this. It also rejoices greatly and congratulates the University of The Rockefeller Institute in a fraternal spirit because it is now conferring academic degrees for the first time, after five years have gone by since this power was granted. And it ex- presses the greatest possible gratitude because the honorary degree conferred upon the Rector of Bologna has had such excellent auspices. For I have both arranged for this to be written for me and shall also be present myself at your cele- Different times have produced different Universities. For brations, and in my own words and in those of the whole the ones which were first established on this side of the At- University of Bologna I shall offer my prayers for the good lantic almost a thousand years ago, and as many years after fortune of The Rockefeller Institute. the birth of Christ, did not indeed prepare to embrace all branches of learning, but undertook to study and investigate Given at Bologna, Italy [Giuseppe Gherardo Forni] thoroughly what seemed most important and especially nec- on the twelfth day essary in view of the conditions of the times and the state of May, 1959 of human affairs. Thus it happened that Bologna wisely built up a new form of civil law for mankind on the very firm foundations of Roman jurisprudence, while at Paris the mysteries of God's divinity were studied by the keenest in- tellects, in so far as that could be done. Then when more and PRESIDENT AND FELLOWS OF HARVARD COLLEGE more studies were added to this, as the beauty or the utility TO THE TRUSTEES, PRESIDENT, AND FACULTY of the arts compelled, in a short time the Schools of Bologna and Paris truly became Universities devoted to studies in- OF THE ROCKEFELLER INSTITUTE stead of Universities consisting of masters and scholars. Al- most all the Universities in Italy and other parts of Europe, and all of them in both the America's and other lands, both the old and the new ones, were adapted to this pattern and the name of a University gained such force in all the lan- guages of mankind that it represented all branches of learn- ing and art. But though the wisdom of mortal men was perhaps con- fined within the same boundaries in which the wild Nature of the forest had placed it, Science, in contrast to this, grew Greeting: On the occasion of the Academic Convocation for so much by learning new fields and arts, that it went forth Conferring the First Degrees of The Rockefeller Institute and into the vast spaces and could no longer be kept within the the Dedication of New Buildings, to be held on Thursday, narrow circle of the old system. The result was that people May twenty-first, and Friday, May twenty-second, nineteen followed certain streams and no longer saw the springs from hundred and fifty-nine, the President and Fellows of Har- which everything arose. Therefore a new kind of University vard College have charged Nathan Marsh Pusey, Ph.D., had to be devised (since Universities are the citadels and LL.D., L.H.D., President of Harvard University, to convey workshops of a better culture), or rather the old kind had to to The Rockefeller Institute the felicitations of Harvard Uni- be renewed. For as our ancestors had placed a knowledge of versity on this important milestone in service to the cause of Law and of God as a point, as it were, in the middle of the education. circle of the disciplines, so in our times an understanding of life, which indeed concerns the preservation of the health Given at Cambridge, Massachusetts of the sick and the revelation of the hidden strength and re- on the thirteenth day of May, 1959 sources of nature, brought together into one Institute the most learned men, who were summoned from every quarter of the earth under the leadership of John D. Rockefeller and Frederick T. Gates; and this was first called "The Rockefeller A NOTE ON THE TRANSLATIONS The documents Institute for Medical Research". It follows that, since this of greeting, except for that from Harvard University, were Institute has been established, we can rightly and justly state written in Latin. We are indebted to John F. C. Richards, that a third type of a University, after that of Bologna and Associate Professor of Greek and Latin at Columbia Uni- Paris, has arisen in New York. versity, for the translations into English reproduced here. CONCERT SPANS FOUR by Vladimir Ussachevsky, Russian-born GRADUATE FELLOWS member of the Faculty of Columbia Uni- CENTURIES OF MUSIC versity, was performed by the Ampex tape GIVE SUMMER COURSE recorders in the projection booth, where AN OUTSTANDING FEATURE of the Mr. Surinach wittily directed the applause. "As ONE OF the students chosen.. .to at- events during the Convocation was a con- In recording laboratories both here and tend the summer course at the Rockefeller cert in Caspary Auditorium held on Thurs- abroad, particularly in Italy, great interest Institute, I enjoyed an educational experi- day evening, May 21. The music covered has been aroused in the technical possi- ence I will never forget.. ." So began a a span of four centuries from a work by bilities of the sounds that can be produced letter from one of the twenty-seven high Frescobaldi, contemporaneous with the by manipulation of tape recordings. Mr. school students chosen by their schools to founding of the universities at Lima and Ussachevsky, together with Otto Luening attend a course in biological science organ- Mexico City, to experimental compositions at Columbia, has produced a work full of ized and taught by a group of the Insti- employing sounds achievable only by lab- extensive blending of timbres, transposi- . tute's graduate students this summer. oratory manipulation of the tape recorder. tion of pitches, and careful control of "Our instructors were all working for The program opened with "The Un- dynamic properties while using traditional their doctorates, and their lectures were answered Question," by the late American instrumental techniques of thematic de- invariably stimulating. . . With their help composer, Charles Ives. His own program velopment. The final composition was I was able to analyze my own method of notes indicate a mystical interpretation, "Homage" to the Spanish poet Garcia attacking a problem and find out where I but on such an occasion the unanswered Lorca by the late Silvestre Revueltas of was strongest and where I needed improve- question also suggested the perennial ques- - Mexico. ment," the student continued in his letter tions put by scientists to the universe. The Much of the burden of arranging this to the principal of his high school. "I now Frescobaldi was a selection from his "Fiori remarkable evening of entertainment was feel that I am more than adequately pre- Musicali." Henry Cowell's "Persian Set" borne by Mr. Oliver Daniels, Director of pared to meet challenging situations, not brought a Near Eastern flavor to the pro- Contemporary Music Programs for Broad- only in science, but in all areas of learn- gram. Cowell is an American, but he has cast Music, Incorporated with the help of ing.. .I cannot thank you and the school tried to widen the horizons of West- Mr. Richard Dana, associate of Mr. David enough for giving me this opportunity." ern music with music of other cultures. A Rockefeller and a connoisseur of contem- The graduate student instructors had Japanese chemist, Shukichi Mitsukuri, was porary music. After the Concert, the guests the task not only of teaching the course, the composer of music to "Ten Haiku by of the Convocation danced in Abby Aldrich but of planning and organizing it as well, Basho." The haiku is a verse form of three Rockefeller Hall and on the veranda, under which gave them experience unusual for lines of five, seven, and five syllables each, the full moon. graduate instructors. The program they made popular by the seventeenth century presented ranged from biophysical and Japanese poet Basho. Mitsukuri's brief biochemical processes at the level of the sketches on such themes as "Waking from cell to development, adaptation, and or- sleep," "My heat-twisted shadow," and ganization of the higher animals. In field "Inhaler of chrysanthemum," were alto- trips students observed organisms in their gether charming. KAJ U. LINDERSTROM-LANG particular ecological niche, and in labora- After the intermission more experi- tory study they observed the physiological Director of the Department of Chem- mental works were presented. The first istry of the Carlsberg Laboratory in characteristics that enabled them to exist was Ritmo Jondo by the conductor of the Copenhagen and Visiting Professor at in their environment satisfactorily. ensemble, Mr. Carlos Surinach. Mr. Suri- The Rockefeller Institute, died on May The courses were taught by Robert nach, a Spanish-born composer and con- 25, 1959. Born in 1896 and trained DeVoe, Timothy Loeb, Bruce Voeller, John ductor, has recently become an American originally as a chemical engineer, Cebra, David Eaker, Johns Hopkins and citizen. Ritmo Jondo was first performed Linderstr6m-Lang went on, in the William Talbot. Richard Cellarius assisted as a dance work by Josk Limon and his Carlsberg Laboratory under Sfirensen, them in organizing the program. company in 1955 in New York. Hand- to the studies of the physical chemistry A grant from the Carnegie Corporation clapping in the flamenco tradition is used of proteins for which he has been hon- which made the summer program possible effectively in the composition. Alan Hovha- ored throughout the world. In addition will provide funds for another year. Word to membership in the Royal Danish ness, son of a Boston chemist, composed about the success of the first year's pro- Academy of Sciences and Letters, he the next work, "October Mountain," for a was a member of the Royal Swedish gram has spread widely, for already a re- percussion ensemble. The Manhattan Academy of Sciences, the Academy of quest has been received from a student in School Percussion Ensemble under the Sciences of the USSR, the Royal Society Colorado who wishes to come next summer direction of Paul Price performed Mr. of London, the Finnish Scientific Soci- at his own expense. Unfortunately it is Hovhaness' work as well as a prelude for ety, and the National Academy of Sci- not feasible to organize the selection of percussion instruments by Malloy Miller, ences, among many other honorary students for such a program nationally, a young American composer on the faculty scientific societies. and next year's class will be selected, as of Boston University. this year's group was, by the principals of "Music for Tape Recorder," composed the high schools in the New York area. FIVE GRADUATE FELLOWS RECEIVE spective." Dr. Simon has joined the staff of the Department of Medicine of Stan- ' ford University School of Medicine as DEGREES AT FIRS? COMMENCEMENT Assistant Professor of Medicine and Micro- biology. FOURYEARS AFTER becoming a gradu- hout has joined the Department of Medi- Howard Rasmussen, who was presented ate university of science and more than cine of Duke University Medical School by Professor Lyman Craig, isolated the half a century after its founding as a re- where he took his M.D. degree. He will be parathyroid hormone B during his gradu- search institution, The Rockefeller Insti- an Associate in the Department of Medi- ate research, and he based his thesis on tute, on June 18, awarded the degree of cine and an instructor in the Department the isolation and study of the properties Doctor of Philosophy to five students in its of Bacteriology. of this hormone. Dr. Rasmussen, who re- first graduating class. On the same occa- Lee D. Peachey was presented by Pro- ceived the M.D. degree from the Harvard sion the Institute's first honorary Doctor of fessor Keith Porter. Dr. Peachey, whose Medical School, will remain at the Insti- Science degrees were conferred upon Dr. work has been in cytology, has proposed a tute as Assistant Professor. Herbert Gasser, Director Emeritus of the morphological basis for impulse conduction Following the presentation of the de- Institute, and Dr. Peyton Rous, Member Emeritus. One of the many advantages that The Rockefeller Institute enjoys because of its small size and intimate character is that it is feasible on occasions such as this to pay special attention to individuals. Speak- ing to this point in his introductory re- marks, President Bronk said: "For those who are to be the leaders and catalysts in the world of creative learning, the quiet intimacy of scholars is required and the close personal association between teacher and student. We will devote our resources, time, and effort to the furtherance of ex- cellence, not numbers. As I have said be- fore, in the words of Ellery Sedgewick, 'we will seek to influence the many by in- oculatingthe influential few.'" In this spirit each of the graduating fellows was pre- sented individually by his faculty adviser who described briefly the character and significance of the program of study and research for which the recipient was be- ing awarded the degree of Doctor of Phi- losophy. William F. Arndt, Jr., was presented by The five Graduates receiving congratulations of Chairman David Rockefeller and President Associate Professor Howard Schneider, Bronk outside Caspary Auditorium. Left to right are: William F. Arndt, Jr., Suydam Osterhout, who described his work on the allergic re- Mr. Rockefeller, President Bronk, Lee D. Peachey, Harold J. Simon, and Howard Rasmussen. action known as the Shwartzman phe- nomenon in mice which had been supposed not to be subject to it. Dr. Arndt has joined in muscle cells. He was awarded the Leitz grees of Doctor of Philosophy, President the Department of Bacteriology at George- Fellowship for the academic year 1958- Bronk, in a brief but moving ceremony, town University Medical School in Wash- 1959, and he plans to remain at the Insti- conferred honorary degrees of Doctor of ington, D.C., where he will be research tute as a Research Associate in Dr. Porter's Science upon Dr. Peyton Rous, Member associate in the Department of Bacteriol- laboratory. Emeritus of the Institute, and Dr. Herbert ogy and a candidate for the M.D. degree. Harold J. Simon was presented by Pro- S. Gasser, who is Director Emeritus. Suydam Osterhout was presented for his fessor Renk Dubos. His graduate work at After the Commencement exercises the degree by Associate Professor Igor Tamm. the Institute has concerned the biochem- Trustees were hosts at a reception on the Dr. Osterhout's thesis research, described ical, genetic, ecological and anthropolog- lawn of the North Campus and a luncheon by Dr. Tamm, concerned the interaction ical aspects of latency and host-parasite in Abby Aldrich Rockefeller Hall for the of the herpes simplex virus with human relationships, culminatingin a thesis titled: Academic party, the senior administrative amnion cells in tissue culture. Dr. Oster- "The Germ Theory in Contemporary Per- staff of the Institute and guests, ican art, from the primitives to the ab- NEW BUILDINGS ARE DEDICATED stract expressionists. It is largely because of her support that we have in America a AND CORNERSTONES ARE UNVEILED school of painting of our own, some ex- amples of which are hung in Abby Aldrich THE DEDICATION of new buildings, that a university could desire of pleasant Rockefeller Hall and described elsewhere which took place on May 22nd during the and beautiful environment, suitable to in this issue. first Academic Convocation, signified com- scholarly associations. "I emphasize the arts, to which Mrs. pletion of nearly five years of work of The dedication ceremonies began with Rockefeller devoted her life," Mr. Har- fundamental importance for the Institute's Dr. Bronk's address on natural beauty and rison said, "because I believe that every new role as a graduate university. A com- science. He was followed by Mr. Wallace scientist must be a creative artist. He must munity of scholars, deprived of facilities in K. Harrison, distinguished architect re- create an image in order to find reality. It which they can gather for scientific meet- sponsible for the design of all the new was Leonardo, an artist, who gave science ings and associate informally, is hard- buildings, who spoke briefly of Abby Ald- the artist's sense of the significance of na- pressed to achieve any kind of true com- rich Rockefeller. "She was," he said, "one ture's detail; and in this day of confusion munity spirit. Moreover, a graduate school of the finest women of our time: the it is well for the scientist to remember that in such a circumstance, whose students re- mother of six children, the right hand of the fine arts have had an influence on sci- side at scattered locations throughout a a man who has done much to preserve our entific endeavors since the first cave man great metropolis and its suburbs, would free society and our fading liberty. She painted his description of nature on the suffer immeasurably from the difficulty of was a person who stood up in every fight walls of his cave. providing its students personal contact for freedom, particularly the freedom of "This home for scientists, dedicated to with scientists of a wide range of interests. the arts. She was a gregarious woman, a a woman who gave her life to her home, Fortunately the Institute need no longer warm and gay person who found delight the young, and the arts will always be an suffer these disadvantages of its urban in all that life offered. She stayed in the example of how the arts may aid the sci- location. background, but was actively involved in ences by providing an atmosphere for The thirteen acres of its campus, wisely her own personal projects: housing for easier and more effective communication provided by the founder over fifty years workers, aid to Negro schools and, above of ideas between friends and fellow stu- ago, and the new buildings made possible ' all, to American artists." dents. by gifts from Mr. John D. Rockefeller, Jr., Recalling that Abby Aldrich Rockefeller "Given by the devoted husband of Abby and the estate of Alfred H. Caspary, as had been one of the founders of The Mu- Rockefeller, we hope as the years go by it well as Mr. David Rockefeller's gifts for seum of Modern Art, Mr. Harrison said will take on a patina of memories, not only landscaping the campus, have provided all that she spent her life supporting Amer- of how much one gained as a student while

The New Buildings Surround the Old Upper left: curved entry to President's House. Left to right along lower edge of campus: the Pavilion, Abby Aldrich Rockefeller Hall, Caspary Hall and dome-like Auditorium, the Graduate Students Residence, and South Laboratory. there, but also of hpw time passed so de- metropolis, a way of life that will enrich ing its successful launching here today. lightfully and interestingly, and of how our efforts and our living. And so I have Whether there will be a need for a third even the smell of the place can bring back felt that we could create within the city and fourth stage in the Institute rocket I pleasant memories of the days at the here upon our campus a thing of beauty. don't know, but I feel sure that there are Rockefeller Institute. The beauty which we have around us has within the Institute the resourcefulness, "One of its students with this memory been made possible by the son of Abby the imagination, the drive, the energy to may, some day, steer his fellow men into Aldrich Rockefeller. And so I want to ex- produce third and fourth stages if they are calmer channel; where the world may find press my personal gratitude to DavidRocke- needed. a little peace. If such could happen, the feller, who has given so generously, so that "I for one am very happy and proud to greatest wish of the gentle lady to whom we could have the lovely gardens, the grass, have been connected, in the beginnings at this building is dedicated will be fulfilled." the trees, the setting for the buildings in least, with the second stage, and it seems In thanking Mr. Harrison for his mov- which we are." to me that everything we have seen in the ing address, Dr. Bronk paid tribute to Mr. last couple of days has dramatized the bril- Harrison himself, saying that it had been A ROCKET WELL-LAUNCHED liance and the importance of this on-going a truly wonderful experience to have In response, Mr. Rockefeller spoke as institution-which to me is one of the worked with him during the past five follows: "Thank you, Dr. Bronk, and really significant and important institu- years. "I have known many architects and thank you, Wally Harrison, for those won- tions in the world today ." worked with many," he said, "but I have derful remarks about my Mother. I know Dr. Bronk next introduced Mr. Dan never known one before with whom I that she would not only be very touched Kiley, landscape architect of Burlington, could feel so true a partner." by what has been said, but I know that Vermont, whose visions have become the Dr. Bronk went on to speak of Alfred H. she would be equally delighted by the realities of today's campus. (See "Leaf and Caspary whose estate provided funds for buildings that Mr. Harrison, one of her Stone" in the Quarterly, Vol. 1, No. 3, the construction of Caspary Hall with its favorite friends, has built here, and the September, 195 7). Mr. Kiley came out for magnificent auditorium, seminar rooms, gardens that Mr. Kiley has provided. beauty, and the way of the designerwith it. and administrative offices, as well as the "As I have thought over the history of Graduate Students Residence, and the the Institute and its relation to the events ENVIRONMENT OF SCHOLARS President's House. Regretting that it had of the day, it has seemed to me that there "Beauty is evanescent," he said. "It is not been his privilege to know Mr. Caspary, ' is a rather interesting analogy between fleeting. It will not be commandeered. It Dr. Bronk added that nonetheless he had that history and a very successful space flees from compulsion. Yet it is everywhere come to know something about him from rocket. We have here a 'space rocket' which to be discovered : in the buds and the twigs, Mr. George Murnane, Trustee of the Insti- was, in the case of the Institute, started in our hearts, in buildings of stone and tute, whom Mr. Caspary made sole execu- some fifty-eight years ago, designed by a steel as they greet the bud and flower. tor of his entire estate which he left to be very brilliant group of men: Dr. Flexner, "Why do we seek beauty? It seems that used for the furtherance of good under- Dr. Welch, Mr. Gates, and others-ex- through it we are helped to see the rela- takings. In memorializing the name of Al- traordinarily well-designed and launched tionship that we might have to the uni- fred H. Caspary, Dr. Bronk observed that with great brilliance. verse. It is the ultimate idea of the uni- we are following the way recommended by "I must say that the world didn't re- verse. Pliny the Younger, who wrote: "It is a spond at the time of its launching in the "Ordinary life has all the elements of it noble employment to save from oblivion same way, perhaps, that it responded to to be discovered. Beauty is not gained by the name of one who deserves to be re- Sputnik some years later, but I think this a series of forced ideas or forms. It must membered." one has lasted longer, and I think that its be sought tenderly, with love, with under- impact has possibly been considerably standing, and with humility. You can't NATURAL BEAUTY IN THE CITY greater. 'know all the answers' and get beauty. It Dr. Bronk next introduced Mr. David "Like a space rocket, the forces of grav- will light out. Most important, a designer Rockefeller, but before doing so he spoke ity and the forces of friction played upon does not do it alone, or out of relation with of the beauty that Abby Aldrich Rockefel- it, and like a rocket there is need for a life. ler had created at her summer home in new impulse. It seems to me that that new "It has been here at the Rockefeller Maine. Ely Cathedral, he said, and Mrs. impulse has been designed and touched Institute that the designer has had the Rockefeller's lovely garden on a mountain- off by Dr. Bronk and others of you here most glorious opportunity. I knew it would top above Seal Harbor, Maine, are the two today who have seen new sources of en- be so when I first met Dr. Bronk. As a physical objects which have moved him ergy and power for the Institute in the matter of fact, when we were first talking most. "Perhaps because I am a native of form of students to bring new vitality and about his visions and hopes, I felt as if I New York, I have a deep affection for this life in the form of an enriched campus were dancing up and down and patting city. I know people decry living in my na- life, in the form of bringing professors and him on the back, so excited I was about tive town, but as I look to the future, it lecturers from all over the world to bring how he was outlining the problem to me. seems to me there is no other future but added stimulation. "A designer is always going out on a the future of an urban civilization. We "That new second stage of the rocket limb. He must do so in order to progress. must learn to build within the city, the has been launched, and we are celebrat- (continued on page twelve) FIVE NEW BUILDINGS DEDICATED continued from page eleven needs of the Institute of the future. We have no time to go into that long history He must trust in nature, rely on her. Dr. difference between the kind of design it is which took many hours of conference and Bronk has always been there to lend his possible to do now and the things of the thought, but I simply want to refer to the support when the limb was in danger. Both past is the idea of continuity. fact that this was indeed, at some point, he and David Rockefeller have given the "And in designing the landscape, and the moment of conception of what seems greatest support and encouragement, never trying to knit everything together-the old to us like a great new idea, and it has since dictation. It has delighted me also to see buildings and the new buildings and the become what we hope will be a great re- how Dr. Bronk, who is so busy, still was landscape-it's been this typeof approach, ality. "The experience of the last two days makes us believe that this may be so. One cannot in a short space of time discuss the causation of these events, but one can at least point out in a purely arbitrary way a few prime movers. I should like in the few moments I have to talk about three of the many prime movers in this enterprise.

IDEA BECOMES REALITY "You have already heard from our archi- tect and our landscape designer, and no one can fail-as soon as one thinks of this place-to think of them and to think of the realities they have created from the ideas that were described to them. "However, the three prime movers I have in mind are, first, the President, Dr. Bronk, who was Chairman of that Trustee Committee during those long hours of thought where a great many people besides the Committee took part in the discussions. There was no conception in any of our The&, Buildings View from the pavilion looking south, past the veranda and dining minds-nor, I am certainly sure, in his- room of Abby Aldrich Rockefeller Hall on the North Campus of the Rockefeller Institute. that the end of the road would see him President of the new institution. But by willing to give the time (and think it im- to try to do it in such a spatial way that the end of the deliberations that idea was portant enough to take the time) to make there's no ending. very much in our minds, and nobody work- sure the thing was being done just the "In closing, I would like to hope that all ing with Dr. Bronk in this long enterprise right way, to the highest point possible. the people of the Rockefeller Institute, Dr. could possibly feel anything but the great- That was a very beautiful experience. Bronk, the faculty, and the students, will, est possible pride in the association. "I was going to describe the landscape in the words of Baron Keyserling, 'con- "The second person I wish to speak of out there, but I think this is a difficult tinue to saunter through the spaces of this is one of the Trustees. This Trustee was at thing to make sound well; seeing what lovely world.' " the very beginning of the enterprise by we try to do is the important thing. I The last speaker in the dedication cere- far the youngest of the Trustees. It be- would just like to say one thing which I mony was Mr. Barklie McKee Henry, came apparent very quickly that he was feel is important in landscape design: that member of the Board of Trustees and not only younger, but singularly full in the it is not an addition to the building, but Chairman of its Building and Grounds quality of courage, singularly equipped it is a working with the things that are Committee. with creative imagination, and above all there, with the buildings and the space and "It is very seldom in one's life," Mr. (what should be interesting to everyone in the grounds, and trying to develop in this Henry said, "or in the life experience of this room), of a coordinative, sympathetic particular situation the most significant any of us, that we have an opportunity to understanding of the affairs of the intel- related thing that you can-that relates be in on the beginning of a great idea. This lectual life. It sounds like a very simple outwardly to nature or the universe; and statement has no platonic overtones; it statement, but I think you ladies and gen- this isn't done, necessarily, by an obvious, simply refers to the fact that some five tlemen will agree that this is not always say, little design idea, but I think it's done years ago the Board of Trustees appointed the case and that we are singularly fortu- by a thing that we think about as con- a mixed committee of scientists and lay- nate in the choice of the person we felt to tinuity. men who were instructed by Mr. John D. be our chief leader in this enterprise. This "I think the biggest thing that shows the Rockefeller, Jr., to make a study of the man has a quality that I can only describe in terms of philanthropy-a quality of per- and among the many contractors, whose that science benefits from being carried on sonal devotion to this particular cause, work as a team together had made possible in a lovely setting. I see no conflict be- which is a quality above all other qualities the final realization of the new beauty tween science and natural beauty. Rather, which elevates an enterprise, lifts an enter- (both interior and exterior) that graces the the former makes possible the latter; the prise above the level that it first sets out to Institute's campus. latter enriches the former, and so we hope reach. This has been our happy experience, Having opened his remarks by reading that here in this lovely setting there will and, therefore, I don't think any of my fel- from an essay by George Trevelyan, Dr. be grand undertakings enriched by the low Trustees would think I were exagger- Bronk again quoted Trevelyan on the im- beauty which surrounds them." ating if I said that the youngest of our portance of taking special care to develop Following the dedication addresses, Dr. Trustees, Mr. David Rockefeller, was also and to cherish natural beauty. Bronk invited the audience in Caspary the wisest. "In the old days," Trevelyan wrote, Auditorium to join him and Mr. Rocke- "Now, the third prime mover to whom "natural beauty needed no conservation. feller outside where they unveiled the I should like to refer is a man named Mr. Man was camped in the midst of it and - cornerstones of Alfred H. Caspary Hall Bernard Lupinek. You people who live could not get outside it, still less destroy and Abby Aldrich Rockefeller Hall. After here will know all about Mr. Lupinek. it. Indeed, until the end of the eighteenth this formal gesture of dedicating the five (Editor's Note: and Quarterly readers century the works of man only added to new buildings, President Bronk and Mr. learned about him from our article on the beauty of nature. Bqt science and Rockefeller led the guests at the dedica- maintenance and construction, Vol. 1, NO. machinery have now armed him with tion ceremonies on a tour of inspection. 4, December, 1957.) Mr. Lupinek is the weapons that will be his own making or This included not only the new buildings person on the professional staff who has undoing, as he chooses to use them; at themselves and the grounds around them, had the terrible responsibility of function- present it is destroying natural beauty but new construction in the old buildings ing like a one-man construction firm for - apace in the ordinary course of business as well. Dr. Bronk pointed out that in the three solid years of work. He is a man of and economy. Therefore, unless he now past years reconstruction in existing build- passionate temperament, great ability. I will be at pains to make rules for the pres- ings had added more than 40,000 square have heard construction people say if they ervation'of natural beauty, unless he con- feet of new laboratory space, and he drew could rob us of him they would pay him a huge salary to run a construction firm. It The New Buildings Fountains in the gardens near the Auditorium of Caspary Hall. is his whole life's work. Last weekend he suffered a mild heart attack, but I am told by the doctors that he is doing all right, that it wasn't too serious and that he will come through. You can imagine the feel- ing that must be going on in Mr. Lupinek's mind and spirit right now-the proudest day of his life, and he cannot be here. We can only hope that his heart and our hearts will carry him through the next few days."

STAFF MEMBERS PRAISED Dr. Bronk echoed Mr. Henry's praise of Mr. Lupinek saying, "He has never failed me. He has been a wonderful, loyal worker, with just one interest in his heart, and that has been the Institute to which he has given his whole life. And so, when this weekend we found that he could not be here, we were saddened because of what we felt would be too much denial for him. But what really bothered him was the thought that he had, as he put it, 'let us down.' I sciously protects it at the partial expense attention to the completely new first floor could assure him that the last days of an of some of his other greedy activities, he of Founders Hall which now provides a undertaking are not its important days. will cut off his own spiritual supplies, and handsome central reception area for the They are but the culmination of hours and leave his descendants a helpless prey for- Institute. days and weeks and years of preparation, ever to the base materialism of mean and Finally, guests at the ceremonies joined and he had prepared so well that all was vu~Grsights." President and Mrs. Bronk in a garden as he wished it to be." Dr. Bronk added: "I have always felt party at the President's House. Thus drew Dr. Bronk also paid a moving tribute to that science should be recognized for the to a close two memorable days in the his- the many individuals on the Institute staff beauty of its spiritual undertaking. I believe tory of the Rockefeller Institute. 1131 wags; "a figure four lying down," say CONTEMPORARY AMERICAN PAINTINGS others; "Chinese calligraphy," say those who are puzzled but serious; "evidence of REFLECT NEW FRONTIERS OF ART his preoccupation as a child with coal- mining shafts," say the psychologically ori- ONE OF THE striking features of Abby masterpieces of Rembrandt and the Zen ented who see a kind of giant Rorschach Aldrich Rockefeller Hall is the remarkable brush painters of the thirteenth century in in this painting by a man from Wilkes- display of contemporary American paint- China, to cite extreme examples. But in Barre, Pennsylvania. But why not let it ings to be seen there. Abby Aldrich Rocke- them there is an unmistakable, if undefin- stand as a painting by Franz Kline, a feller was a founder of the Museum of able, element of commentary, of artistic simple statement of fact-the fact that it Modern Art, and that there exists an inter- invention, of a kind of abstraction out of is itself, not a reference to anything else? nationally recognized school of American commonplace experience. Subjective ex- painting is due in large measure to her en- perience begins to predominate over ob- . UNTITLED PAINTINGS couragement and support. How appropri- jective, external fact, and reference to the This may help us to understand why ate, then, in a building dedicated to her external aspect of things begins to dimin- these painters are so reluctant to put names memory, to have the things she loved. And ish in importance. on their works. Many are only numbered; how appropriate, too, that in a hall devoted This development can, be seen from others have only accidental, irrelevant, to informal associations among those en- perusal of the catalog of the retrospective meaningless names; often, it is said, the gaged in exploring the borders of knowl- exhibition of prize-winning paintings from names are attached by, or at least for, art edge there should be paintings by those ex- Carnegie Internationals since 1896. There dealers who do not like to cope with ploring new frontiers of aesthetic and emo- we see an unbroken succession leading numbers. Our painting by Franz Kline is tional experience. from today's strange and disturbingly named "Lucerne." The paintings were selected by Mr. formless works to the acknowledged mas- Strangely enough, the scientist who is Alfred Barr, Director of the Museum of terpieces of the past-from the abstract puzzled by the unfamiliar appearance of Modern Art, and his assistant, Miss Doro- expressionists to Degas, Sargent, Pissarro, modern painting may be suffering the in- thy Miller, in consultation with Mr. David Renoir, Rodin, Bellows, et al. This at least direct consequences of the achievement of Rockefeller and President Bronk. Not all suggests that our children may admire the science. This was suggested by Gordon the final selections have been made, but as revolutionaries of today as we admire the Bailey Washburn in his introduction to they are, the paintings are purchased by revolutionaries of the past. the 19 5 8 Pittsburgh International Exhibi- the Institute. The French impressionists became more tion of Contemporary Painting and Sculp- All are postwar works by Americans of interested in their experience of light and ture. Mr. Washburn, Director of the Fine the perplexing school known as abstract color than in the form and content of that Arts Department of the Carnegie Institute, expressionists, most of whom are living in which was lighted and colored. Others, the wrote : ". . .the scientist.. .now knows that, New York. cubists, for example, became fascinated in a final analysis, he will always stand We must acknowledge that such paint- with the lines and planes they thought between himself and 'nature,' between ings pose for the layman a question-they they discerned underlying the form of himself and his measurements, making it appear to represent nothing we encounter things. Still others, reversing the subjec- necessary for him to measure the relation- in our ordinary experience; shall we, there- tive and the objective totally, expressed ship instead of a particular phenomenon fore, reject them as nonsense, or shall we their inner fantasies in paintings full of itself." He quotes Heisenberg as writing: seek a deeper significance? Certainly each "real" objects, but in the dreamlike, illogi- "The atomic physicist has had to come to must answer this for himself, but here we cal juxtapositions of the surrealists. terms with the fact that his science is only want to suggest that it may be wise and a link in the endless chain of discussions rewarding to give serious attention to them. THE FATAL QUESTION of man with nature, but that it cannot Perhaps our first mistake is to ask of Why not, then, finally achieve a style simply talk of nature as such. Natural sci- abstract expressionism "What is it sup- which dispenses altogether with reference ence always presupposes man.. ." Wash- posed to be?" Our question may indicate to the objective external world, either as burn observes that "few stimulations have that we expect a painting to be a report subject for artistic commentary or as vo- been greater to artistic creation in its entire about something else rather than a thing cabulary for expressing inner experience? history than this conclusion that man him- in itself. Yet most of us would readily ac- Why not paint for the sake of painting? If self is also 'nature' and that subject and knowledge that technical illustration, this is the point of view of the abstract ex- object are inextricably interlocked. Newly medical art, fashion illustration, and other pressionists, perhaps we can see how fatal realizing the truth of this, artists have dis- essentially reportorial art lie relatively low is our conventional question :"What is that carded the old, conventional idea of an in the scale of artistic creation, though supposed to be?" objective reality, and have found to their they may at times display superb crafts- We hear, for example, various half- amazement and delight, that a vast new manship. The artist's subjective view in humorous and half-desperate "explana- world of creative expression awaits them." these "reports about things" is less an asset tionsP'%fthe great black and white painting The influence of the scientific world- than a liability. Much higher in the scale by Franz Kline on the east wall of the din- view at times becomes almost explicit. A of art are the more or less representational ing room: "a dying sawhorse," say the recent exhibition of twentieth century American art at the Metropolitan Museum tute's collection, a mobile by Philadelphia- of them." PeJlaps in "City Landscape," included a painting by Mark Tobey, called born Alexander Calder. Here structure is she remembers her native Chicago, where "World Dust," reminiscent of current predominant (and balance imperative), she was born in 1926, but it may be New ideas of cosmogony, and a composition in for mobiles are delicately poised construc- York, where she now lives. Her studies shades of blacks by James Ernst, titled "Al- tion that are free to move about multiple have been at Smith College, The Art In- most Silencew--a visual allusion, perhaps, axes of suspension. Calder, not surpris- stitute in Chicago, and Paris. to the aural experience of an anechoic ingly, was originally an engineer, gradu- More decisively removed from repre- chamber. A magnificent silver sculpture of ated from Stevens Institute in 1919. Soon sentation than even Miss Mitchell's "land- a lovely three-dimensional curve by Jose art became his chief interest and in 1932 scapes" are the works of James Brooks. de Rivera was significantly titled "Homage he devised his first mobile-a free-moving Born in St. Louis in 1906, he, too, lives in to the World of Minkowski." composition of harmoniously poised struc- New York. After studying at Southern A different approach to these paintings tural elements. Our Calder mobile, com- Methodist University and the Art Students -perhaps one of more interest to scien- posed of shapes of black, orange, and League in New York, he taught at Colum- tists-is to suppose somewhat platonically white, hangs against the dark fabric walls bia University and is now teaching at Pratt that abstract painting is an attempt to of the dining room of Abby Aldrich Rocke- Institute. Brooks's large round composition derive the great aesthetic generalizations feller Hall. in gray-greens, terra cotta and blues which out of our experience and present them Another of the painter~~representedin hangs over the fireplace in the faculty pure. Scientists often speak of the beauty our collection, Joan Mitchell, paints in ab- lounge is a masterpiece of balanced form of a sweeping conceptual generalization stractions bearing just-recognizable traces and color stirred together in what seems an abstracted out of the chaos of concrete of their origins. Her "City Landscape," almost accidental potpourri of paint and phenomena. Not all of experience is either which hangs on the south wall of the geometry. Yet only the naive and undis- significant or beautiful; the scientist, how- dining room, is probably not arbitrarily cerning would remark, "My ten-year-old ever, chooses to direct his attention to the named. Elements of a city landscape, frac- daughter could have done that!" The significant. Perhaps in a similar way we tured, fragmented, interchanged like a craftsman and skilled critic see at once the select our beauty from the welter of ex- scrambled mosaic, are there. Another of sophistication of its apparently random perience by some vaguely sensed intuition of the presence of form, color, symmetry and harmony. Perhaps, then, the artist's role has been to make more explicit this vague intuition in us all, and the boldest have painted the intuition bare!

GLIMPSES OF STRUCTURE Hedda Sterne's "Roads-Number 9, 1957," the painting over the piano at the endof thelounge,ismostoften well-received at first glance by visitors in the lounge, and for good reason. The man who asks "What is that supposed to be?" almost feels solid bottom under his feet as he looks at the painting's flowing, cloudy, geometric curves and abstract perspective. Almost solid bottom, but not quite, for one man sees a bridge, another a multi-level super- highway, and another a forest. None is wholly wrong, for though the name refers to roads, the painting contains intimations of the structure and symmetry that we The New Buildings Abby Aldrich Rockefeller Hall. Painting by James Brooks. sense in forest, bridge, and super-highway. Hedda Sterne was born in Rumania in her paintings, named "Hemlock," was seen treatment. Dominating the lounge, where 1916, but has lived in New York for many reproduced in Time magazine last year it is seen almost daily, Brooks's painting years with her husband, the well-known (Time, April 21, 1958, p. 71). The es- grows in its appeal; more, rather than less, cartoonist, Saul Steinberg. She has studied sence of hemlock is in the painting. With- is seen in it with time. at the Kunsthisthorisches Museum in out the name no one would be likely to "Pink Mississippi- 1954" is the enig- Vienna, the University of Bucharest, and discern it; yet, knowing the name, one matic name of a mClange of pinks and reds Paris. sees it at once. Miss Mitchell says she is by Jack Tworkov, a Polish-born New Structure becomes explicit in the one often inspired by "remembered landscapes Yorker also on the faculty of Pratt Insti- piece of sculpture included in the Insti- that I carry with me and my own feelings (continued on page sixteen) NEW FRONTIERS OF ART continued from page fifteen national Council at the Museum of Mod- ern Art. Brooks, Tomlin, and Kline were tute. It is displayed over the sofa at the been purchased, though they are not on among the artists represented. The result north end of Abby Aldrich Rockefeller display. They grace the modern interiors was to heighten an already great interest. Hall. Its companion, hung over the fire- of the residential suites and the Presi- Laurence Gowing, in the May 24, 1958 place opposite, by William Scharf, is called, dent's House. issue of New Statesman, called the Euro- simply, "Painting, 1957." Much comment It would be tempting to try here to in- pean reaction "infatuation" (reviewing has been aroused by a trickle of white paint dicate the place of our paintings in the New Art in America, edited by John I. on the otherwise smooth and carefully school of abstract expressionists, and to Baur and available in the Institute Li- done surface of this painting. We do not discuss the place of the school in contem- brary). He said: "The idea of American know whether accident or design placed it porary art and art history. This ambitious painting has worked an extraordinary lib- there, but there can be no doubt that the undertaking is beyond our resources, phys- eration, a liberation from ideas about artist chose to let it remain. It is an arrest- ical as well as intellectual. We must re- - painting, which has a particular force for ing inclusion. mark, however, that the abstract expres- the self-conscious painter in Europe." The late Bradley Walker Tomlin's "No. sionists have aroused enormous interest, in Something important in art is stirring. 6," which hangs just outside the dining this country certainly, but especially What the judgment of the future will be, room, is a study in calligraphic forms and abroad. A travelling exhibition last sum- we cannot say, but we may take pleasure rectangles of various shades of blues, rem- mer showed Europe "The New American in the opportunity to observe it first-hand iniscent of his early career in the thirties Painting" under sponsorship of the Inter- and to draw our own conclusions about it. as a cubist painter. This theme he has re- peated in a dozen or more paintings with variations. We are reminded of Picasso's blue ~eriod,when all was seen in the same MANY NATIONAL AND INTERNATIONAL melancholy light. But Tomlin's vision is essentially inner, Picasso's, superficially at VISITORS ENJOY NEW FACILITIES least, outer. The painting by Conrad Marca-Relli EVERYIS s u E of the Quarterly has re- tee, the New York City Medical and Health that hangs in the library of Abby Aldrich ported activities that have been made pos- Research Council, and several committees Rockefeller Hall is untitled, nor in the tra- sible, or made more pleasant and effective from the National Institutes of Health. In dition of the most pure does it carry even by the existence of the new buildings. But addition to our own use of Caspary Audi- a number. It is simply a rather pleasant many such events go by unreported and torium twice a week for faculty lectures, composition in warm tones of oil and col- the great number even of those we men- for several concerts and films, the Sigma lage by a Boston-born young artist who tion is apt to be forgotten. We thought it Xi, and the International Symposium on studied in Rome and who, like Brooks, has would be interesting, therefore, in an issue Molecular Biology, held there last Fall, it been Visiting Art Critic at Yale University. devoted in large measure to the new build- was the scene of many significant special Most of the paintings mentioned here ings, to sum up the busy season our new events including meetings of the American have been purchased for the Institute's facilities have had. Cancer Society, the International Flight collection. Others have come and gone, or During the past year eighteen thousand Safety Foundation, the National Commit- have moved about. A seascape by Karl meals have been served in the dining room tee on Maternal Health, and the Society of Knaths, for example, first hung in the of Abby Aldrich Rockefeller Hall, and its European Chemists, as well as the Atoms Cohn Library where its colors were un- residential suites accommodated nearly for Peace Award, five television symposia, congenial; next it occupied an office,where three hundred guests, including over sixty and the Conference on Basic Research, its size was overpowering; at last it has scientists from eighteen countries abroad sponsored by the National Academy of Sci- found a perfect location in the recreation and over one hundred fifty guests from ences, the American Association for the room of Abby Aldrich Rockefeller Hall. A some fifty universities and scientific insti- Advancement of Science, and the Sloan painting by Robert Motherwell, titled "Je tutions in this country. The total number Foundation. t'aime," remained only briefly with us. It of "room-nights" of occupancy was over The President's House, also a center for was described by Time (December 2, sixteen hundred. visitors to the Institute, has been host to 1957) as "loud, messy, vigorous and ob- The auditorium and conference rooms nearly eight hundred guests at one of the lique." The artist had scrawled its title in of Caspary Hall saw heavy use, not only by many receptions or dinners given there. huge letters of grey mud across a back- our own faculty and students, but more Few weeks went by without house guests, ground of black and orange bars. In its often than once a week by outside scien- among whom were Professor K. S. Krish- place today is a painting in black oil on tific groups. Among those groups who were nan of India, Professor and Mrs. W. A. canvas strongly reminiscent of the tech- guests of the Institute in this way during Englehardt of the Soviet Union, Visiting nique of the late Jackson Pollack, but per- the past six months were four committees Professor and Mrs. Ragnar Granit of Swe- haps more revealing in its calligraphic of the National Academy of Sciences, the den, Baron and Lady Adrian of Cam- character of the oriental origin of its cre- Panel on Science and Foreign Affairs of bridge, Dr. T. S. R. Boase of Oxford and ator, Walasse Ting. Still others have also the President's Science Advisory Commit- Dr. Nabor Carrillo of Mexico. Lectureship series on Enzyme Action and Muscular Contrac- tion, University of California.

FACULTY ACTIVITIES HENRY G. KUNKEL Ciba Symposium, Paris.

FRITZ A. LIPMANN Participant, Oak Ridge National Laboratory Symposium on En- zyme Reaction Mechanisms, Gatlinburg. Academic Honors Chairman, Symposium on Mechanisms of Protein Synthesis, DETLEV W. BRONK American Chemical Society Meetings, Boston. LL.D., The Hahnemann Medical College. Chairman, Symposium on Protein Synthesis, Federation Meet- LL.D., The Jefferson Medical College. ings, Atlantic City. sc.~.,New School for Social Research. Coover Lecture, Iowa State College, Ames.

WALTHER F. GOEBEL KARL MARAMOROSCH ~.sc.,Middlebury College. Lecture, Cornell University Chapter of the Society of the Sigma FRITZ A. LIPMANN Xi, Geneva, New York. L.H.D., Brandeis University. Conference, Florida Cancer Training Program, Gainesville.

DAVID C. MAUZERALL Lectures, Conferences and Symposia Participant, Symposium on Porphyrin Biosynthesis and Por- phyrins in Cancer, American Chemical Society, Boston. ARMIN C. BRAUN Chairman, Session on Porphyrin Metabolism, Federation Meet- Lecture, New York Academy of Sciences. ings, Atlantic City. Lecture, Torrey Botanical Club, New York Botanical Garden. DETLEV W. BRONK DAN H. MOORE Address, 2 5 th Anniversary, New School for Social Research. Participant, Seventh Conference on Microcirculatory Physiol- Inaugural Lecture, Kenyon College. ogy and Pathology, National Institutes of Health. Symposium on the Structure of Science, The Wistar Institute. Lecture, American Hungarian Medical Association. LYMAN C. CRAIG JOHN B. NELSON Speaker, Gordon Conference on Proteins. Participant, Meeting on Gnotobiotic and Specific Pathogen- ARPAD I. CSAPO Free Animals, NAS-NRC, Institute of Laboratory Animal Lecture, New York University. Resources, Lobund Institute.

REN~J. DUBOS GEORGE E, PALADE Schick Memorial Lecture, Mount Sinai Hospital. Participant, Symposium of the Anatomical Society of Great Convener of Symposium on Interplay Between Infectious Agents Britain and Ireland, London. and Phagocytic Cells of Metchnikoff Revisited, Society of Participant, Symposium of the Linnean Society, London. American Bacteriologists. Participant, Symposium on the Origin of Life, Albert Einstein Address, Baltimore Psychoanalytic Institute. Medical School, New York. WALTHER F. GOEBEL Lecture, University Board of Studies in Pathology, London. Participant, Macy Foundation Meeting on Polysaccharides in Lecture, Medical School, Cambridge. Biology. Lecture, Medical School, Oxford. SAM GRANICK Lecture, University of Wisconsin, Madison. Chairman, Symposium on Porphyrin Biosynthesis and Por- S, WILLIAM LLETIER phyrins in Cancer, American Chemical Society, Boston. Participant, International Symposium on the Chemistry and Participant, Symposium on Biological Function and Structures, Biochemistry of the Solanum Alkaloids, Deutsche Aka- American Chemical Society, Boston. demie der Landwirtschaftswissenschaften zu Berlin. ROBERT J. HILL Participant, Gordon Conference on Proteins. GERTRUDE E. PERLMANN Participant, Oak Ridge National Laboratory Symposium on En- FRANK L. HORSFALL, JR. Amberson Lecture, Annual Meeting, National Tuberculosis As- zyme Reaction Mechanisms, Gatlinburg. sociation and American Trudeau Society, Chicago. Lecture, Brandeis University. ROLLIN D. HOTCHKISS KEITH R. PORTER Fuller Albright Lecture, Peripatetic Club,Twenty-third Annual Participant, Symposium on the Biochemical Cytology of Liver, Meeting, New York. Histochemical Society, Atlantic City. TE PIAO KING Participant, Fiftieth Annual Meeting, American Association for Participant, Gordon Conference on Proteins. Cancer Research, Atlantic City. Participant, La Carcinogenesi Epatica Sperimentale Studiata WILLIAM KONIGSBERG il Participant, Gordon Conference on Proteins. con Microscopio Elettronico, First Symposium Annuale della Societi di Cancerologia, Pisa. DANIEL E. KOSHLAND, JR. Participant, Oak Ridge National Laboratory Symposium on En- HOWARD A. s CHN EIDER zyme Reaction Mechanisms, Gatlinburg. Lecture, the New York Periodontal Society. FACULTY ACTIVITIES JULES HIRSCH Member, American Society for Clinical Investigation. (continued from page seventeen) FRITZ A. LIPMANN President-Elect, American Society of Biological Chemists, Inc. Member, American Philosophical Society. DAN H. MOORE PHILIP SIEKEVITZ American Association for Cancer Research. Participant, Symposium on Cytochemistry of Enzymes and MONTROSE J. MOSES Antigens, Carlsberg Laboratory, Copenhagen. Council, the Histochemical Society. WILLIAM H. STEIN RICHARD E. SHOPE Participant, Gordon Conference on Proteins and Nucleic Acids. Fellow, American Academy of Arts and Sciences. PAUL A. WEISS WILLIAM H. STEIN Cleveland Foundation Lecture, Western Reserve University. Chairman, Editorial Committee, American Society of Biological Lecture series, Universities of Belgrade, Zagreb and Sarajevo, Chemists. Council of Academies and the Atomic Energy Commission HENRY N. WOOD of Yugoslavia. Member, Harvey Society. Lecture, Istituto Superiore di Sanita, Rome. NORTON D. ZINDER Lecture, Zoological Station, Naples. Member, Harvey Society. Lecture, Physiological Institute of the Sorbonne, Paris.

Other Appointments and Distinctions

EDWARD H. AHRENS, JR. INSTITUTE MENTION Advisory Council, Journal of Lipid Research. Chairman, Metabolism Study Section, U. S. Public Health Service. MERRILL W. CHASE New Appointments to the Faculty Program Chairman, Society of American Bacteriologists. MAURICE S. FOX DR. M ENY B ERGE L, Director, Laboratorio de Investigaciones Lalor Foundation Award. Leprologicas, Rosario, Argentina, has been appointed a Guest Investigator, effective June 15, 1959, and will work JULES HIRSCH Associate Editor, Journal of Lipid Research. with Dr. Dubos. DR. OLGA O. BLUMENFELD, who works in Dr. Perlmann's FRANK L. HORSFALL, JR. John F. Lewis Prize Award, the American Philosophical Society. laboratory, has been appointed a Research Associate. DR. LAURENCE S. BRADHAM, an Instructor in the Depart- RAFAEL LORENTE DE ~6 Karl Spencer Lashley Award in Neurobiology, American Philo- ment of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University, has been ap- sophical Society. pointed a Research Associate to work in Dr. Woolley's laboratory. EUGENE L. OPIE Jessie Stevenson Kovalenko Medal, National Academy of Sci- DR. PURNELL W. CHOPPIN, who works in Dr. Horsfall's ences, for "Outstanding contributions to medical science laboratory, has been appointed a Research Associate and and for a life of exemplary devotion to medical education Assistant Physician to the Hospital. and inquiry into the origins of disease." DR. D. EUGENE COPELAND, Professor and Chairman of the Zoology Department,Tulane University, has been appointed NORMAN R. STOLL Chairman, Editorial Committee, International Code of Zoolog- a Guest Investigator in Dr. Porter's laboratory, effective ical Nomenclature, London. July 1, 1959. DR. NOEL DE TERRA, a U. S. Public Health Service post- WILLIAM TRAGER Associate Member, Commission on Enteric Infections, Armed doctoral fellow from the University of California, was ap- Forces Epidemiological Board. pointed a Guest Investigator on April 15, 1959; she will work in association with Dr. Tatum. PAUL A. WEISS Chairman, U. S. National Committee on the International DR. RENATA DIRINGER, from the Department of Biochem- Union of Biological Sciences. istry at the University of Toronto, has been appointed a Research Associate, to work with Dr. Perlmann. DR. s TUART D. ELLIOTT, formerly Assistant Director of Re- Society Elections search in the Department of Animal Pathology, Cambridge University, was appointed a Guest Investigator in Dr. EDWARD H. AHRENS, JR. Lancefield's laboratory, effective July 1, 1959. Member, Association of American Physicians. DR. JOHN W. ENSINCK, formerly a Graduate Fellow in the JOHN B. BLAKE Institute, 1958-1959, has been appointed a Guest Investi- Secretary-Treasurer, American Association for the History of gator and Assistant Physician to the Hospital, effective July Medicine. 1, 1959. ~~.~OSE~~F.~~~~~~~s,whowasanAssistantattheSt.~~.~~o~GE~.sTA~K,whoreceivedhisDoctoratefromthe Pierre Hospital, Louvain, has been made a Guest Investi- Department of Chemistry, Columbia University, in June, gator, and will work with Dr. Henry Kunkel and his associ- has been named a Research Associate; he will work with ates, beginning July 1, 1959. Drs. Moore and Stein in their laboratory. ~~.~~~~~~~.~~~~~~~,whohasbeenassociatedwiththe~~.~o~o~~~~~~~~s~~,~ftheFirstDepartmentofPathol- Department of Microbiology at the University of Chicago, ogy, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, has been ap- has been made a Guest Investigator, to work with Dr. Stoll, pointed a Guest Investigator and Fellow of the Institute, as effective July 1, 1959. of July 1, 1959; he will work with Dr. Dan H. Moore. DR. BERNARD JEANRENAUD,who has been in the Baker DR. JAME s F. WILSON,Professor of Microbiology and Physi- Clinic Research Laboratory of New England Deaconess ology, Hartnell College, has been made a Research Associ- Hospital, Boston, has been appointed a Guest Investigator ate in Dr. Tatum's laboratory. and Assistant Physician to the Hospital. He will work in Dr. Dole's laboratory, beginning July 1, 1g 59. GEORGE L. KAUER, JR., M. D., has been appointed a Con- Faculty Promotions sultant to the Institute, effective July 1, 1959. DR. ARMIN C. BRAUN, formerly an Associate Professor in DR. GEORGE B. MACKANESS, Member of the Council of the Plant Pathology, has been made a Member and Professor. Australian National University at Canberra, and Reader in DR. ZANVIL A. COHN,a Research Associate in Dr. Dubos's Experimental Pathology, John Curtin School of Medical ' laboratory, has been appointed an Assistant Professor. Research, has been named a Guest Investigator; he will be DR. ROBERT E. FRANZL,a Research Associate in Dr. Mc- with Dr. Dubos in his laboratory, beginning June I, 1959. Master's laboratory, has been made an Assistant Professor. DR. FRITZ MILLER, Associate Professor at the Pathologisch- DR. SEYMOUR J. KLEBANOFF, formerly a Research Asso- Anatomisches Institut der Universitat, Innsbruck, has been ciate in Dr. Archibald's laboratory, has been appointed an made a Guest Investigator, and will work with Dr. Dan Assistant Professor. Moore and Dr. Walther Stoeckenius, starting July 1, 1959. DR. JOHANNA M. LEE,a Research Associate in Dr. Schneid- DR. JAN E H . M o R s E , a Polio Research Foundation Fellow in er's laboratory, has been made an Assistant Professor. the Bronx Veterans Hospital, has been appointed a Guest DR. DAVID C. MAU ZERALL,a Research Associate in Dr. Sam Investigator in Dr. Kunkel's laboratory, and an Assistant Granick's laboratory, was appointed an Assistant Professor. Physician to the Hospital, effective July 1, 1959. DR. PHILIP SIE KEVITZ,formerly an Assistant Professor in DR. DANIEL NATHANS, who has been a Resident Physician the laboratory of Drs. Porter and Palade, has been made an at the Presbyterian Hospital, New York City, was appointed Associate Professor. a Guest Investigator in Dr. Lipmann's laboratory, starting DR. WALTHER STOECKENIUS, who has been a Research July 1,1959. Associate in Dr. Porter's laboratory, has been made an As- DR. JOHN R. PAPPENHEIMER, of the Department of Physi- sistant Professor. ology, Harvard Medical School, has been appointed a Visit- ing Professor of the Institute. DR. LEE D. PEACHEY, a recent Graduate of the Institute's Newly Appointed Graduate Fellows first class, has been appointed a Research Associate and will work with Dr. Porter in his laboratory. ALAN R. ADOLPH,Stanford University and Massachusetts DR. HOWARD RASMUSSEN, a Graduate of the Institute's first Institute of Technology. class, has been appointed an Assistant Professor and will THOMAS P. BENNETT,Florida State University. have his own laboratory here. PAUL R. B URGE s S, Reed College and Oxford University. DR. JOHN H. ROCKEY, who has been in the Department of ARTHUR H. BURR,JR., Hamilton College. Pathology, The New York Hospital, has been made a Re- STEPHEN COOPER, Union College. search Associate and Assistant Physician to the Hospital; MARC ESTRIN,Queens College. he will work with Dr. Henry Kunkel. ALAN FINKE LSTEIN, Washington and Jefferson College, DR. JOHN K. ROSE, formerly a member of the 1957-1958 and Yale University School of Medicine. class of Institute Graduate Fellows, has been appointed a JAMES W. FRISTROM, Reedcollege. Guest Investigator and Assistant Physician to the Hospital, PETER J. GOMATO to work with Dr. McCarty in his laboratory, starting July 1, S, Massachusetts Institute of Technology and The Johns Hopkins School of Medicine. 1959. GUIDO GUIDOTTI, Millikin University and Washington DR. ERNE STO s c OF EON E, who has been Assistant Professor at the Istituto di Chimica Organica dell'universita di University School of Medicine. Padova, has been appointed a Guest Investigator; he has BRUCE S. MC EWEN,Oberlin College. been working with Drs. Moore and Stein in their laboratory w. CAREY PARKER, Princeton University and Oxford since May 8, 1959. University. DR. LOUI s E. SILTZBAC H, Associate Clinical Professor of JAM E s H . s CHWART Z, Columbia University and New Medicine, Columbia University College of Physicians and York University College of Medicine. Surgeons, has been appointed a Guest Investigator and CAROLYN WALCH, Swarthmore College and The Johns Visiting Associate Physician to the Hospital, to work with Hopkins University. Dr. James Hirsch and Dr. Dubos on July 1, 1959. c E c I L C. YIP , McMaster University. INSTITUTE MENTION DR. ROBERT S. STONE, a Guest Investigator in Dr. Dan Moore's laboratory, left on June 30, 1959, to be with the (continued from page nineteen) Atomic Bomb Casualty Commission in Hiroshima. DR. HARRIS H. TALLAN,who was an Assistant Professor in Dr. Moore's and Dr. Stein's laboratory, left the Institute on June 30, 1959, and is now a Biochemist in the Geigy Re- Faculty Terminations search Laboratory, Ardsley. DR. FREDERI c K D. VIDAL, formerly an Assistant Professor DR. CARLO BRUNI,who worked in Dr. Porter's and Dr. in Dr. Lorente's laboratory, resigned as of April 15, 1959. Palade's laboratory as a Guest Investigator, left on May 15, 1959, and is now at The Johns Hopkins University. DR. LUIZ F. M. c o s TA, formerly a Guest Investigator in Dr. Visiting Professors in Residence Csapo's laboratory, left the Institute on April 30, 1959, to return to the University of Bahia where he is Associate Pro- DR. RAGNAR GRANIT, Professor of Neurophysiology, Karol- fessor in Physiology. inska Institute, and Director of the Nobel Institute for Neurophysiology, April 6-13, 1959. DR. PETER ELSBACH,a Research Associate in Dr. Dole's laboratory, left the Institute on July 1, 1959, to be an In- DR. LUDWIG EDELSTEIN, Professor of Humanistic Studies, structor at New York University-Bellevue Medical Center. The Johns Wopkins University, May 10-15, 1959. DR. E. MYLE s GLENN, a Guest Investigator who worked in DR. H. GOBIND KHORANA, Head, Organic Chemistry Sec- Dr. Csapo's laboratory, left on April 30, 1959, to return to tion, British Columbia Research Council, University of the Upjohn Company where he is a Research Investigator British Columbia, June 24-26, 1959. in the Department of Endocrinology. DR. ERHARD GROSS,who was a Guest Investigator in Dr. Craig's laboratory, left on May 15, 1959, to return to the Guest Speakers National Institutes of Health where he is avisiting Scientist. EMIL L. SMITH, Professor and Acting Chairman, Depart- DR. HE RMANN J. HA AS,a Research Associate in Dr. Weiss's ment of Biological Chemistry and Research Professor of laboratory, left on July 1, 1959, and is now in the Depart- Medicine, University of Utah College of Medicine, Salt ment of Zoology, University of Minnesota, in Minneapolis. Lake City, April 7, 1959. DR. SYLVIA FITTON JACKSON, formerly an Assistant Pro- F. LY N E N, Professor of Biochemistry, Max-Planck-Institut fur fessor in Dr. Weiss's laboratory, resigned July 1, 1959, and Zellchemie, Munich, and University of Munich, April 21, has returned to the Medical Research Council, Strangeways 1959. Research Laboratory, Cambridge University. c LAUDE E. SHANNON,Donner Professor of Science, Massa- DR. ELEANOR R. LAPPANO,who was a Research Associate chusetts Institute of Technology, April 28, 1959. in Dr. Weiss's laboratory, left the Institute on June 30, state Medical Center, Brooklyn. 1959, and is now in the Department of Pathology, Down- Guest Seminar in Medicine DR. ALEXANDER G. MATOLTSY,who was an Assistant Pro- fessor in Dr. Weiss's laboratory, resigned May ig, 1959, D. F. STEWART, Officer-in-charge, McMaster Animal Health and is now Head of the Department of Research Derma- Laboratory, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Re- tology, Jackson Memorial Hospital in Miami. search organization, Sydney, April 22, 1959. DR. ALISON A. NEWTON,a Research Associate in Dr. Hors- fall's laboratory, left June 30, 1959, to return to the De- JVkw Grants and Contracts partment of Pathology, Cambridge University. DR. LORRIN A. RIGGS,a Guest Investigator who worked in From the National Foundation in support of Dr. Igor Tamm's Dr. Hartline's laboratory, left June 30, 1959, to return to efforts to elucidate certain aspects of biosynthetic processes, Brown University as Professor of Psychology there. etc. $85,550 DR. TO s HIO SAKAI,who worked in Dr. Csapo's laboratory as From the American Cancer Society for the work being done by a Guest Investigator, returned to the Department of Physi- Dr. Weiss on experimental analyses of cellular interactions ology, School of Medicine, in Tokyo, May 3 1, 1959. in growth and differentiation $10,235 DR. IRA s IN G E R, a former Research Associate in Dr. Trager's From the Carnegie Corporation of New York for summer laboratory, resigned on June 30, 1959, and is now an As- courses in biology for high school students $3 5,000 sociate Professor in Bacteriology at the School of Medicine, From the National Science Foundation for Dr. Gertrude Perl- Georgetown University. mann's studies on protein structure $1,900 DR. FABIO SPARATORE, who worked in Dr. Sam Granick's From the New York Society of Electron Microscopists to assist laboratory as a Research Associate, left the Institute in May in compiling an International Bibliography of Electron 1959, to be at the Istituto di Chimica Farmaceutica, Genoa. Microscopy $3,000 THE ROCKEFELLER INSTITU

is published for the quarters ending in March, June, September and December of each year.

Inquiries, comments and suggestions should be addressed to Mr. Charles I. Campbell, Editor,

THE ROCKEFELLER INSTITUTE QUARTERLY, 66th Street and York Avenue, New York 21