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No. 22 JERSEY CITY, N. J., SATURDAY, МЩ27, 1939 .vtiumgb. !' ' •,' , »• FORGET NOT МГО-WEST ШЇ.А. YOGTH Forget not, ne'er forget RALLY TOMOBROW* ' The days of youth, of spring;. All the paths they brighten,— The first Mid-West U.N.A. Youth The dark, dark path of life. Undoubtedly the comf^ext problems of dat^existeiftie- Rally will take..-place tomorrow in Detroit, at the Ukrainian National Golden dreams, quiet joys, leave very little" time for the avera^young: Ukrainian- Temple, Martin and Michigan.Ave Heartfelt words, loving thoughts American to delve into the traditions, and other elements nues, beginning at 1 P. M. Talks And every impulse chaste,— that constitute his Ukrainian background. It is;therefore and gen era! discussion will' feature Ne'er be ashamed of such. important that he devote the Ht^e time that he has for tho afternoon session, while jto the Soon they pass, then comes toil evening, beginning at в, a banquet In dreary loneliness, this purpose; to the best advantage. This he can^dfeaJt will be held, followed by a. dance. And corded veins appear least by reading the publications devoted to giving ІЬЙЙЬ At the banquet a representative of On hands and on the soul. the Ukrainian National Association, and his kind a better knowledge and appreciation: «|SHpfc: г But only he who loves, Ukrainian heritage, such].as the UkraE^an-VNteSayivanuS іЙЮГіїЩЩ$Ж'"-ІМіЯф\&) Ч " Ham- Whose blood is quick to throb, tramck U.N.Av basketball team, In whom hope mils all' wounds, also by acquainting himself in every possible, way with Mid-Western champions of the U. •Whom- battle doth allure, at least a few of the leading representative Ukrainians N.A. Basketball League. »Who weeps for others' woe, and their works. Rejojces in their good, He only, is a man. Among, the latter, one man whom none, of us should, BE EKADY! All through thy life, perhaps, fail to learn to know* better, is Ivan Franko; whose death It may not be thy lot on May 28,; 1916 (born August 15, 1856) Ukrainians the (An excerpt from the poem 'Great A man like this to be. Anniversary") Yet be thou such, e'en though world over are commemorating: at this time. For with But for a single hour. the possible exception of Taras Shevchenko, the national By- Ivan Franko '°ІЩ|§ And then, when ill days, come, poet of Ukraine, no one is a better all-around, representa For that greatest of all moments With grief and sadness fraught, tive of the Ukrainian people, their culture, their? prolific Be all ready, one and ail- When hope doth fade away, talents, their national sufferings as well as hopes, striv Any one may be the leader•" Jpff When passion glows no more, When, the proper time will call. When from the broad highways ings and aspirations—than he, Ivan Franko. In addition, You say; "NoW the wars are dif Of love and keen contest, he is a man whom, any nation would be proud to claim ferent"; Щт gggag Thy way through bypaths leads, as her own eon, for his literary-works-are a valuable ad Then with- different armfi^ prepare: Deserted, narrow, steep, Whet your wits and steel^your wilH When cares wither the heart, dition to the world's? beet literature—a fact which will Only-fight and don't ^despair! And thorns pierce wearied feet,— become better realized when the Ukrainian language be Smuggle on and.don't seek rest— Then shall' thou* life's springtime' comes better known outside its homeland. Better fall but don't give up. With gratitude recall: Stand: up proudly, don't give way, And those bright dreams shall shed Better perish than betray! A light o'er thy dark path. Each one think that on your Forget not, ne'er-forget' shoulders '^^Ш The days of youth, of spring. Million obligations. restv^^S Trans. byPerohari Candy. That* for. all these obligations You. .will have to give account. Each one think: right where- I'm VERSES >. standing By Ivan Franko AU- around, above- below — The weathy man is doubly rich: Is-now being waged the outcome The hearth is full, the logs blaze Of a battle with a foe. like a pyre. Should I but give way, not face it, And I have but a single stump Like a shadow should but SWay And even that will not catch fire. All the work-of generations*. Will 3>e-quickly, swept away* Knowledge is a danger when it's With these thoughts you should be wrongly taught, ' living-. :шМ Undigested food is baneful to life, And bring up you children, too! To the poor man1—credit with dan As long as the Wheat is wholesome ger is wrought; There'll be cakes-for all of-you. The curse of the old man is a "Shall we have to wait to conquer? . youthful wife.. Щ0М That's too long"...Then do not wait! ЩШ If one has no brains of j his own Learn today and He'll .never find them in a book; Yon will surely dominate. Why Dother with a looking glass 'Tk no wonder that the natSp^ When there's no eyes with which Of Ukrainians awoke. to look? ШШ 'Tie no wonder that, sparks glitter -Агі£щрфЛич> JajjaMn FniAo by Alexander Ardripwstcb. '*«&£ In the eyes of our proud- youth! The man who will not act for fear Soon new sabrestwill be flashing of error In the-hands that grope for truth. Is, what is called colloquially, One quality, however, of Ivan Franko's wor&a whieh Long enough does our misfortune dumb; makes them very popular among those of our young Leer O'er every window sill; Just as if eating. I should view Ukrainian* Americans who have read them, is their mod-* Let's sing, out: "Ukraine's not- witihr terror - perished^JIIII For fear of choking with a crumb. ernism. There- is nothing outrof-date,remote or unreal fljwfc. jjffiijbcd never will!" I about them. In many of them the reader is likely to find Trans, by WaMUnk SemflHyua, The books are like that ocean floor: Whoever dives into their lore a repliea of his- own experiences, both happy and sad, and: r ','t1! T 1' ',' V And-deems the efforts as not lost of the problems with which he baa to contend from time %6 Comes up with pearls of priceless time. And the-manner in which Franko treats Such situa> Шшті —Ч— їм—m. cost. -tions or solveathe problems, often turns out to be of great' WOKIH BEADING! No wise man is ashamed of the help to the reader, by pointing out. to nun the path which truth he should take, or by inspiring him to fresh endeavors to Even though it should come from reach his goal. That is at least one of the reasons why a tot, ІШ ПШШ "MSB" Just as, when dismal night has those of our young people who read bin poems, Short Traafc by Waldtaftr Semenyna ^'Щ&ШЩШ stories, novels, and articles on sundry subject*—all of the Even a candle is welcomely sought. highest, literary quality yet written in simple Ukrainian " • With- a biographical afcsteh of Wisdom that is hidden —find them- to be so engrossing, so personal in tone, and Ї Ivan Franko And gold stowed away so real. . |J||| I Are, one like the other, By Stephen Snnuieys^.\ Of no use today. We strongly recommend, therefore, to the many of our youth who know Ivan Franko only by name, to learn Price 50 cents How foolish are the weH-to-do to know him better. This they can do by reading his Who-464% theft- pfflows soft and SVOnOPA BOOKSTORE sized! works and -about his fife. I rested only on a quill - Summer is a good time to begin reading Franko; ТОЦ 91-9S Qraad 8t»eet And slept so hard you'd be Jet«e*atyrN*J. ЗІІГТЇГЇіМКЇі wm.be giaijl to be of assistance to those who want learn Translated by W. SEMENYNA. more • аЬйШіШш*ЩЩЩЩ ^ffe && £bі UKRAINIAN WEEKLY", SATURDAY", MAY" 27, 1039 No. 22
a minute, lout! Get out of here, The man stopped his wagon and - lout!' as in the olden days. And the guard approached him. ^^Constitutiorb For Hogs when one time I- tried to be smart "What have you got here?" he and demanded my .constitutional demanded roughly. pv*.'-?: By IVAN FBANKO right to be treated' justly, I re "A hog, if you please, sir," the ceived the same blow in the neck: man humbly replied. Щір that I would get from" the over Tr»n»UtorV Note: This story U school-boy who has just learned to "I can see myself that it is a satirical in nature and was written seer. But look what happens when hog, but how are you treating it!' in 1896. its locale is Galicia, then read. Gradually, however, his tone some squire, or. office-holder, or You have tied its legs so-hard at province of Austria-Hungary, in livened, although it did not even a plain saloon-keeper appears that they have become swollen. habited mostly by Ukrainians but abandon its rhythmical quality or in court He is never told to wait. You big lout! you scoundrel! Don't dominated by Polish nobility. The its biblical-like prose. From time Everyone treats him with the you know its against the law to • Constitution referred to here was that to time, his speech elicited loud greatest politeness;.. So you see, mistreat animals like that?" adopted by Austria in 1849 (#^. laughter; but he did not even crack we are treated just the same by With these words, he approached- nigh abolished soon thereafter and в a smiley on the contrary, as his law as we were before 1848."'-'|§Р* then gradually revived in the 60's).* remarks' ЬЩт? more and more the hog and slashed at its bonds . a ye,ar after the abolishment of "But then they used to beat us a so indignantly that he cut its legs humorous his mien became more lot" countered my~Eriend, and Ш feudalism. Both acts raised high and more grave, in fact-r—morose, in several places. hopes among the oppressed peasant again involuntarily rubbed himself "Now, you drive with me to the;- ry, yet the plight of the latter:'re- only his very lively black eyes in the spot which certainly did not ШШ imained essentially the same, if &ot beneath overhanging heavy brows itch then. РШМ. police station. We'll punish you worse than before their passage. The flashed in humor or in irony... right and proper," shouted this?.? landowning Polish nobles soon found "You're right there," I replied. : liberator of hogs. *«jrs- of' circumventing the original' Listen, brothers—he began—and '"But in place of beatings they have The poor peasant sat stock-still, > designs of the Reform of 1848, as I wul tell you of the conversation' invented things that hurt us even frightened; he began to plead to it is. called, and strengthen their hold I recently had with a friend. He worse. Just listen what ^neigh be given one more chance, but the Wm ' over the land-poor peasantry. Con comes to me, this -friend whom I bor told the village mayor recentiy. pompous guard refused even to' cerning these nobles, Bjoemtjerne hadn't seen for a long time, and J"his man is an inoffensive person, listen to him. The peasant's wife, Bjoernson, the Nobel prize winner* af£&bg£S*tina each other, we begin yet some bug. must have bit him wro*«|$jl *902 th»t* ?Щ their under?' for he joined the large delegation however, appeared to be sharper • standing, fiberty means nothing but !gggSSSjgp£-"' than' her spouse. She pulled from ^^Виуй£ЗйЕИЩ» old man? How's that went to see the emperor in her blouse a knotted red kerchief, license for themselves ч to do whit Vienna and complain to him of they please. Everywhere the Ukrafifc ^fe^a^i^rtreating you?" I asked untied it, pulled out twenty cents ians were discriminated against in'" the misrule'' in Galicia by Count (undoubtedly it had taken her two J Badeny. Well, you know the re abusedv" ' •' * •'•"' ;. / «MS r^cto^; thank the Lord,'" hard days of labour to earn them!) _ ception the delegation received in and pressed them into the hand of fTHIS story is really not my own. Ш&&$)ЩЇЩШШ*£~' ^PP Vienna. But it was far worse when the unyielding guard and at. the Ш I heard it in Zbarazh, East ^P^l^f I,says., "But tell they returned home. Its individual members were jailed or fined, and same time joined her husband in" .Galicia, from an old peasant, Antin me ;exactiy/. Afcw wel;l the world is pleading to be let loose. Immedi Hrytsunak, who told it at а Цгке treatigg^tpjg^B^^' the same thing happened to my ately the guard softened and said:. mass meeting. Hrytsunak waJPTu: . .•іСТШеаФгІЕ ;gg5hto that," he says. neighbor too. The mayor fined him "All right Til give you one more very interesting personality, one of ^^ШгрГШ for yourself." fifty dollars. When he heard his chance and let you go free, but {the few living snrvivo|y~of that "Now, don't try to squirm out sentence, he summoned his courage don't ever forget it" idass of story-tellers and bards who . of it," I answered. "Just where and said to the mayor: ^Sir, I am Ш jused to recount to very attentive • - does YQSX good fortune lie." Щк a poor man. If I have committed" While this was taking place, I Audiences the heroic exploits .of •—^S^itfnot fortunate for all of us a great crime-in going to Vienna, had driven a little ahead and told) the Kozaks.-of Hrytsko Zborovsky, that we live in tb«o days," he said. to make a complaint, then I'm my' boys to stop the wagon, for I Kishka, Bezrodny, Andibera, about "Just think, we no. longer are ready to accept my punishment wanted to see what the end to. all the wars of Khmelnitaky with, the forced to work in the fields of the However, neither my wife nor my this would be. It was a good few Poles,, or about the tragic flight of lord. In the eyes of the law we children are to blame for.my crime. -minutes before the peasant and Ш^^Ье three brothers from Azov. are all equal, lord and peasant are They ara'^pel^eeUy^-mnocent," so his. wife with their hog drove past now the same. And, finally, we •why do^oupunufh them too? For us. But what a sight the three • .There was: nothing at. ail striking now have the Constitution, thank when you fine me so heavilypl will presented now! The wife was now ^^^about his appearance: he was just.- have to sell everything'I own, in sitting in the front and driving, an ordinary old grey-head, dressed . the Lord." : He spoke this so rapidly that he cluding my; last cow and last hog. while her husband sat in the back г^||Йат1у, in fact poorly, not' vj&ry ; was all out of breath when he and this ^punishment will .harm my with both his arms wrapped tight |&pall, lean, with a face marked with" finished, щ &Щ family more than- me. So I beg ly around the hog's neck. Freed ' • lines that bespoke of a life of hard- "Eh," my good friend," I saidto*' you, sir, to change my punishment of the rope, the hog now stood up- . -^, ,віщ>, and with black lively eyes. him, "that's all very nice what Instead of the fine, give me fifty right in the wagon, glancing this s-.-ptjjHe did not stand out; from the you're saying, so long as you don't lashes. Thank the Lord, I am way and that way, lunging at '. fejerowd, rarely intruded into a con look at the matter too. closely." healthy and strong, and will man every strange sight ready' to jump versation, and at first glance did '^ЩЩЩ *JkS, age to survive fifty lashes; but. out of tho wagon at the slightest fc- !not reveal any higher intelligence "Because if you do, you will dis neither I nor my family will ever provocation. It came sooner than ,^Jthat.that of the average Galician cover that those tilings you men survive the fifty dollars fine'.' Thus wo -Expected. A gleaming:; noble's peasant.: As could be expected, he tion are like a factory-made, shawl, spoke, my poor neighbor to the carriage came upon the scene, its ; -could neither read nor write. - .- : moyor, but the latter refused to horses stamping, bells tinkling, and Ш»ІІ Shortly before the mass meeting whose colors are not fast and soil: 18 your hands .when you take it in - grant him his plea, for he said that the' driver cracking his whip... PwjfjFJ about-to begin, I was talking your hand." by the new law we are- all equal .The hog became greatly frightened, pj||&ith several peasants whom I My friend could not understand and lashing is now forbidden, there lunged heavily and leaped out of • iv,ttnew. what I meant, so I had to explain fore he must pay the fine even if the wagon. The peasant, who Was i^^r Hrytsunak approached our group, to him further. * it ruins .him. .-And so my poor holding on to it for dear life, was • ! someone introduced him to me.^vfi V "You see, my good friend, it is neighbor fe how awaiting for his j evidently the weaker of the two, exchanged a few words and tfienr very true that we no longer have - property to be seized and sold by for he' flew out of the wagon with parted. My acquaintances, most of to work the fields for the lord. But the authorities, for he could I not the hog and landed heavily in the them young people who had gradu- don't you remember how it really raise the money to pay the fine. dust his face striking a rock and What do you say to that,, my good causing blood to flow. The hog - ated from grammar schools and was themind how it is now?" : i^pwere widening their knowledge by My friend could not, so I had to friend? What do yoti think of this scampered away as fast as its.legs, p|s|artensive readings, w^re full of refresh; his memory. new form^of punishment,, which in could carry it My boys leaped to ЩЩргаіве for Hrytsunak an"ECCount "Don't you remember how dur stead of hurting only a part of a the ground and after some chas of his talent for public speaking ing feudal times the overseer walk man's body hurts' all of him and ing caught it and helped the poor and because he was one of the ed from house to house early in his family too." і Щ-% man lead it into the market-Such, Very few of the older generation the morning and knocked at the my good friend, is our Constitution -.who had unreservedly joined the1 door With his cane and shouted: Again my friend had nothing to —made for hogs, as you can jsee. peasant movement for better so 'Get-up: there, Ivan, get up! Time say,, but just sighed heavily. But that is not all. cial, economic and political' con-; for you to be working out in the "We also -have a Constitution," In the afternoon of the same day, ditions. Щ$!&ІШ?-> lord's fields;! Get up! Or else I said, after a moment of silence. I- was hurrying ~ home from the £Ш-was no wonder, then, that I you'd feel this cane over your "Sure, we have it They say that market place in order to get there |Ш|Нгев very curious to hear his baWi:;*^fe it is a wonderful thing? Have you before daik. Approaching the toll- speech. Yet when the mass meet ??£*~That"s right," replied my friend, ever seen it?" gate, I saw the same self-important ing opened and point after point:* £таЙ*mvoruiitaiily rubbed that part "Did Ґзее it?" he ejaculated in guard we had seen earlier in the jj was discussed and settled, Hrytsu of his body .where it certainly did surprise. ""Of course I did. It's on day, a knife in hand and smoking nak remained silent When, how not- itch justr then. paper, in a printed book." his long-stemmed pipe. My gaze ever, the final point of the meeting ;-T3 !?Ajid4l8wis it now? The over- "That's not what I mean. Have swept past him, and far down the was reached, that of "motions ami гтзеег-noiJonger goes around with you seen it just as it actually ap road I sow two тзд dressed in interpellations," he climbed up. on !r3us:can€f*#rom house to house, that's. pears. Have you ever seen a real, peasant clothes marching evenly the table, which served as a speak 5"fTU£.'^t$j£~what does the peasant do ? live Constitution?" -K'-' JTT, toward the city. er's stand, in a half •hearted man ~Tli t£*l you, my dear friend. Very "But how can we see it? We ner that indicated he was. doing it early? every morning the peasant live by it and feels its influence..." "No doubt, thn. two must have only at the urgings of those gets iip entirely of his' own free, "Sure we do. But I actually saw served long in the army," I said around.him. A stir rippled through will, takes a hen or some eggs and it in operation and I'll tell you about to my boys, "and they were drill the audience at the sight of-mm, goes' to this self-same overseer— it One day I was riding to the mar ed so much in 'hay-foot, straw- and' then all' of them, about now he's known as director—and ket in Tarnopol with my two sons. In ; foot' that they haven't got over 600 in all, packed tightly in the lays before him.his. gift.and begs the wagon before us was a - man the, habit yet, so they inarch even small ball, grew so silent that one his permission to go out and work and hjS wife. He was driving while ly and in step even now." could near a pin drop. in the lord's fields, for he has none she was seated in the back, and • But when they drew' nearer, I Щ. rWeD,if I must speak," Hrytsunak of his own from which he could between them on a pile of straw perceived something dark lopming began-very gravely to those who get his daily bread. And if he lay a hog. Its legs tied securely, behind them, and something gleam Щ were, closest to him, "I must have .comes without a gift, the director and its .head hanging peacefully ing, tongue of flame over a sheet of paper in my hand. Of 8 cuffs him over the neck and leaves over the side. They were taking it them. It required no great wisdom course, Fm illiterate, but I know him at liberty—to die of hunger." to the market to sell it. We. reach to realize that that was a police my numbers and without -paper I My poor friend could find no an ed Tarnopol. and approaching the man with his gun and bayonet. can't speak. Any kind of paper swer to this, and just sighed and toll-gate we saw guarding it a And when they drew still closer, I w& d4" shook his head. roundish, testy-looking individual, heard a soft musical sound: clink- .Loud laughter greeted these "You also say, my friend, that holding in his -hand a gleaming clank! clink-clank! | Opening remarks. -Someone close we are all equal before law," I knife and smoking a pipe with a "Aha!" I thought. "So that's it! to him handed him him a blank continued. "No doubt there must long stem—that long! No sooner That's why they are keeping such . sheet of paper. Hrytsunak took it be truth in what you say here too, did- he* see the wagon with .the an even marching step. Their legs in I both hands and holding it be- " although I' haven't-been able to hog, then immediately he leaped arc shackled to chains. But just to his feet from the bench and P&ШЛоге htm, as if reading from it, ' find any evidence of it as yet. For i wait. Mister Policeman. Just wait begairibis speech in the monotone, ' when 1 go to court for justice, I bellowed: ,%.v:i • until you reach tins' here toll-gate. sing-song fashion of a- village Vstill am;greeted with same: 'Wait •Halt, yofiJ" • Just wait until these two painfully- •rji«ajl" ГЗП ™ "SXSX VXXX*: No. 22 UKRAINIAN WEEKLY. SATURDAY, MAY 27, 1939 *\ fusion in our time, not a.little of and then only for a short period* TWO TJlFFElfeN|f ФЩ|РЩ which was deliberately -occasioned no part of Rus or of RUB lands by the enemies of the Ukrainians.' came under the domination of By LANCELOT LAWTON 5|j| Often in statistical data, Ruthen the Tsars. But towards the end of (Editor of "East Europe and Contemporary Russia," London?) ians are represented as a different the sixteenth century, when Mos people from Ukrainians; whereas, (1) covia proclaimed herself to be the actually, they are one and 3 the third and last Rome and the sole) Elsewhere, Korsh remarked: same. possessor of Christian truth,' her ll/fANY Russians declare that U- : ;і§1щ krainians, White Ruthenians," "This double meaning of the words Great Russia and Little Russia Monarch began to style himself and Russians are one and the same Rus and Russki occasions misun "Tsar of Rus," which occasioned a people. .They Ьазе their assertion derstandings, not always sincere, The designation "Great Russia" p.otest from Poland, whose mon upon the fact that at one time among our theoretical and practi is. applied by Russians to the ter arch at that time was also styled the Ukrainians called themselves cal politicians."' ritory where they live, and that of. Puler of Rue," a title denved from ruskl, while the Russians (that .is, Here it should be explained that "Little Russian" to the territory the formal dominion of Poland over, the Great Russians or Moscovites) in ancient times the word Rus was where the Ukrainians live. -Fre Bus -binds. ЩІЩ quently it is intended that the com spoke in the past, and indeed still applied to a territory, a state, and ^^pjie48^me Hctman, Bohdart speak of themselves as russki/ The and a people.'Old historical docu parison which these terms imply- should be derogatory$£the Ukraln-. Khmelnksky, drove the Poles from Russians say that they call them ments speak of Rus firstly as the 'the whole territory of Rus or U- selves russki because in reality they land of the Poliany tribe, and sec ians. Actually, the designations "Great- kraina and styled himself: "Mon are identical with the Ukrainian ondly as the State in the basin of an arch and Autocrat of Rus," a title people. the Dniepr, the capital of which ЩШ' ^ "kfttie Rus" are of By-' zantine origin. , In 1299, when to which;' he had full right at that Is this contention justified? The was- KievV time. According to Kluchevski,... The State was composed of the Maxim, the Metropolite of Kiev, issue thus raised has more than left for Vladimir, and later, when "Little "Rus still lay beyond the ' territories of Kiev, Chernigov and horizon jbf Moscovite politics." The an academic interest; the insistent his successor Peter removed to 4 repetion of the Russian assertion Pereyaslav. Hence, Rus of those t Poles, renewing their attack upon times "was synonymous with what Moscow, the Patriarch Of Constan has spread confusion. Consequent tinople, and also the Byzantine Em Ukraina) Khmelnitsky was forced, ly there is need for historical in in later thnes were the Ukrainian to seek aid. He had the choice -of'„ lands. Other territories occupied peror, began to refer to the Metro quiry. Yet, whichever way the de politan of Kiev as "UtSeiRuB." 1 several allies and eventually in- cision may go, the Ukrainian claim by Eastern Slavs were not called cliheti to" Moscovia. Soon she,abja!as4 > Rus or Rus lands.-. A wealth^pft; According to Greek understand to national independence cannot be ing Little Russ meant "Rus Proper'* his trust ahd?cunnihgly utilized the invalidated. To substantiate such historical evidence is available to occasion; to annex Ukraina. She prove this statement. I regret that as. distinct from."Great Rus,-" which a claim it is sufficient that at the comprised.outlying territories; aW also sieced White Rus and Lithu present time an overwhelming ma I have only space here to cite one ania, whereupon the Tsar proceed'' or two examples. alogous examples were: "Greece jority of Ukrainians should realise Minor," which meant" "Greece" _.ed to aggrandise the Imperial title that they are a nationality distinct In the Novgorod I Chronicle it Proper," and "Greece Major" -bri " with .these words:- £ЩлЬост&іщ0?-. from other nationalities. That this was recorded: "That year (1145) "Great Greece,^which embraced: Great Rus and Little Rus and condition is fulfilled, no one who the whole land of Rus went against all colonial possessions. ..White Rus and Lithuania and Vo has conscientiously investigated the Halich and laid waste to many of lynia and PodoliaV'^jKluchevski, modern Ukrainian movement can its territories." Thus, it is plain It is interesting to trace down' the Rusgjah historian, *tells us that for one.moment doubt But if it be that Halich was not Rus^The same through history the juggling "with; for seVejral decades the" Little Rus-' demonstrated that Ukrainian na Chronicle also, referred to a jour names and titles which led tq= a 'sian question exhausted Moscovite tionalism has deep roots in history, ney made in 1135 by Burgomaster reversal or a distortion of thfir- foreign policy, and mads it difficult who will deny that its cause would vMyroslav and Archbishop Nyphont original meaning or application. to hold Kiev and the Eastern gain immeasurably? from Novgorod into; Rus, and men When, in 1299, Maxim, the Metro-, Ukraine! . Let. us see first what Russian tioned that in 1221, "they showed polite of Kiev, went to reside "in scientists - themselves have to say the road to Kniaz* (Chief) JVsevo- Vladimir, he continued to use Els As we have seen, in the І39ю%-'. or. the subject. The academician, lod, saying: 'We do not want you; title, "Metropolite of Kiev and of century for the first time, Great F. E. Korsh, postulated the matter go where you please—go to your ail Rus." The Moscovite Kniaz, Rus and Little Rus were mentioned tnis way:— Щ& father in Rus.' '*? Thus, it is plain Ivan Kalita, forced his successor, in the title of the sovereig^^SE^^ 'Peter, to go to Moscow and at Moscovia.j-The manifest purpose jjj "Of a Ukrainian, a logically- that Novgorod was hot Rus. \ of placing .them in this order was . thinking man will say: 'Yes, he is Among other, testimony from the same time, to enhance his own dignity, took upon himself the to exjtitn the status of the north- ruski; all the same, he is not a the ancient Chronicles, bearing di e tCB £e Fnf territories on which. Great Russian.' But a Russian spe rectly upon the subject under ^dis title of "Grand Kniaz of all Rus." Yet, at that period, not a square MOscovia was established and to cialist in patriotism will exclaim: cussion may be cited the . follow lower that of the region which, ac 'Aha! he is russki. So, too, are we. ing: "And Sviatoslav came with inch of Rus or Rus lands was. un der his domination. In 1416, a cording to Greek and Byzantine - Therefore he is the same as we, the people of,Suzdal, Smolensk and designation, had been Rus Proper. and is not entitled to demand any Polotsk to Rus" (in the year 1167) Metropolitan Cathedra was again thing out of "the ordinary/ "*. "... he (a Moscovite Kniaz) .is go re-established in KieV. Gregory Yet for a long time afterwards ing from Moscow to Rus." Thus^ Tsemblak, who was appointed to the tsardom of Moscovia was . . і White Ri{thenians jn the Soviet it is plain .that Suzdal, Smolensk, fill this high office, was independ known as Moscovia, and its people I Union number\fiv'e and a half millions' Polotsk and Moscow were not Rus. ent of Moscow, and, as a matter of called themselves Moscovites. ;Щ£р and occupy a" territory which is the As has been said, much more course, -he resumed the title .to' was ~hot until the closing period size bf England, situated to the ^north historical evidence could be. ad which he alone was entitled: "Me- \ Qf *the XVH, and the beginning of west, of Soviet Ukraine. A -strong duced to show that in ancient times tropolite of Kjev and of all Rus." tho XVIH century that'the terms separatist movement has developed —that is, the ninth to the thir In the fourteenth century, the "Russia" to denote thejState and among them. П • Vi '';• £•£"«•• teenth centuries—the-designations designations "Little Rus" /and,. "Great Russian" to.denote the peo- . -Russians spell . Ruuki with a "Rus" and "Rus lands" were- ap "Great Rus" found new. applica- '• pie came into use. Up to the XVII | double "s,"- Ukrainians with a single plied to the regions of Kiev, Cher tion. As a result of Tartar raids, century'foreigners called Moscovia "5." Russians pronounce the word nigov and Pereyaslav, not to other there were in the twelfth and thir and/jh&r^Beople by their true names; harder than do Ukrainians. * "ЗЙ regions occupied by Eastern Slavs. teenth centuries large migrations to them_Mqscovia was Moscovia ' Patriot о Mazeppynstve; lstoria It is true that some ancient from Kievan- Rus to the 'outlying and her "рчгорЛе the Moscovite peo Ttosli; 1912, p. S3.' chronicles alluded to J:he Novgorod, westernmost provinces' of Halich ple. fT^ Smolensk, Suzdal tand Moscow (Galicia) and Volynia. Eventually, . ) kniazi (chiefs) as Russki kniazi; these provinces surpassed Kiev in 'Щ^'^кгаїпа but they did so only because these power and prosperity, and their . When in order to support their -chained men are seen by this testy kniazi were descendants, of the .Rus ruler came to be known as "Auto pretence to superiority, the Mos- guard at the gate with his shining dynasty of Vladimir the Great or crat of all Rus Lands." In the U ct vftes transposed the meaning of knife, and never again will you Vladimir Monoraakh.. The designa early fourteenth centiuy, several tbe te^ms'--"Little Russia" and torture human beings!" tion was therefore dynastic' only; Metropolites sought to encroach "Great. Russia" and, making play Already I was beginning to. it did. not mean that the. inhabit upon each other's area of jurisdic with the'-prefix "Little," sought to ants of ihe regions over which the tremble at the thought that in his tion. The dispute was settled %y I 0, stamp 'upon Little Russians the haste to cut loose with his knife chiefs ruled were Ruski (or, alter the Patriarch of Constantinople- mafk of. inferiority, the people of the bonds of these twp unfortunate natively^ .Busy» Busini or Buslchi). and the Holy Synod, who re-divided the SbutMT' abandoned 'the name __ men, the toll-keeper might injure When'in the thirteenth century the dioceses. To one Metropolitan and adoplea that of Ukraina. The their legs, just as he did those of the Kiev state fell, the name of was allotted Galicia and Volynia, change was justified, for Ukraina the hog. At the same time I gloated Rus went to Halich-Volynia, not to under the name'"Little Rus,"|to is-a not leas historic name than in anticipation that he would seize Vladimir-Suzdal and the kinsmen the other the remainder of the ter Rlia. As far back as the twelfth the brutal policeman and haul him bf the Kievan people in Halich ritories under the name of "Grejat century the country was sometimes off to the police station. But, to my (Galicia), Volynia and remote Sub- Rus." Precedent was therefore ad called Ukraina, and its inhabitants great amazement, nothing of the carpathian Rus came to be known, hered to; the prefix "Little" be Ukrainians. In the Ipatiev Chroni sort happened. The two chained as Ruski or Businy, The fact that ing attached to .the most important cle,, for example, it was recorded men and the policeman marched these names are preserved to bur pf .the two regions—the ruling that when VJadimlr Hlibovich, \ . quietly past the testy guard. And day in Subcarpathian Rus (or Car- centre. ' J& Kniaz of Pereyaslav, died, "Ukra instead of flinging himself upon patho-Ukraine) has enabled the ina mourned him greatiy," and. the policeman, as he did upon the Russians to claim that the people In 1335, George П of Halich that in ll$9 Kniaz Rostislav "Went peasant with the bound hog, the of this region are Russians, where (Galicia)»proclaimed himself to be: from Smolensk Ip^HaUchian'/^^^j guard merely rose, bowed very as, in reality, they are Ukrainians. "By the Grace of God tho Heredit krauia-^S^-Further references^^of^ politely to him, and waved them Consequently, much confusion -has ary Kniaz of all "Smaller Rus." Ac Ukraina are to be found in ancient on. Such, then, my .good friend—I wilfully been caused in the minds cording to some authorities, this records in 1213, 1268, and 1282. concluded my conversation—is the of many foreigners. act was intended to. be recognition of the fact that his throne was of Describing, the campaigns of Het- peasant's Constitution. Indeed, the It should be added that Rus was man Naryvaiko the old Cossack peasant has to envy an. ordinary more recent. origin than that of trascribed in Latin' as Buthenia, Kiev, the cradle' of the race and duma said: "In our glorious j$I*p| hog! and the name of its people as its -culture. - On . the other hand, » • * * Butheni. Here, again, we have it might merely have been an en (Continued on page 4) The storm of applause that fol revealed the source of much con* dorsement of the ecclesiastical de- . : lowed this talk by Hrytsunak last 4 limitation. Ш%£ І%Ф$Ш&:-* * ed a. long while. When finally it Zavoeyateli 1 Zayoevanie. Byrzhe- via vedpniosti, No^l£254. From 1340, almost all of ВюШ \ ^ШШШагіой Russia was very had subsided, Hrytsunak added: s "Forgive mc, my dear friends, 5 Lektsii і Issledovania, by V. Ser- (Ukraina) came under the formal weak. The legend that she was the' for I should have told you all this - gievich, pp. 61-62; Obzor istorii Rus- domination of Lithuania, and-Ha Third Rome was created in order to skago,£pwra£& by M. Vladimirsky- lich under that' of Poland. The bring about, a patriotic revtvaJ^J^ when the point under discussion Budandv.'-fc, 2^.* Jg** is propagated to this -day In certain was "causes of emigration,", but e name Rus, it should be emphasised, Kniaz is a title of Oriental origin. applied then not to Moscovia but circles, but-4here Is no more J«?Hfe- I d'dn't think it was too late now." Actually'.the,word means "head" or. cation for it than for the equally ftp'ifhe territories' oi. Kiev, Cherni preposterous" assertion that the ^mr>- With these words he climbed "chieL'^-^U^uf../translated „Prince":',; gov, Pereyaslav, White Russia, down from the table. >$< but ik TWO DIFFERENT PEOPLE YOUTH and THE U.NLA. NEW ISSUE OF "TRIDENT" (Continued from page S) THE U. N. A. T The April-May issue of "Trident," TOURING the first meeting of the English language magazine pub kraina; none- aided the Ukrain newly organized Centralis, Pa., Announcement lished by the Organization for Re ians when strife visited our U- youth branch of the Ukrainian Na birth of Ukraine, makes its ap krainian lands." tional Association, the following The U.N.A. baseball season will pearance today. Its vigorous edit As a synonym for Rus, Ukraina persons _wc^ elected to officer- open sooner than was anticipated. orial by V. S. Dushnyck, entitled was used in various foreign official Charles Locke, president; Joseph On МЩ: 28th Wiikes-Barre will ."The Epopoea of Carpatho-U- documents, chronicles, geographies Sydor, financial secretary; Stephen cross bats with Centralia for the kraine," and its comprehensive and charts from the XVI to the Koschoff (Kostiw), recording sec league opener. The last year's article by Michael C. Lapica and XVIII centuries. The^records of retary; John Wysoczanski, treas- champs will present the same team Roman Lacyk on "Republic For the Sorbonrie show that in the XVI urer. Auditors, trustees, and-other that faced. New York twice''last A Day," dealing with Carpatho- century Ukrainian students were officers shall be elected at the next fall, with two new players, Pete Uk mine's fight for" freedom, de^ registered as "natione Ruthena de meeting of the new branch, and all Elko and Sluzar. Centralia will serve special commendation. The Ucraina"; on the geographical will serve -for the remainder of have a revamped team and, in issue also contains articles on Pet- charts of 1580 in the National Li- 1939. The members have named spite of Meheleczko's absence, will lura and Konovaletz, Ukraine un $$таагу in Paris, the name Ucraina* the club "St. John's" and the main give the visitors plenty to worry der the Soviets, Polish-Ukrainian /denotes ; the. territories on both office of the U.N.A, recorded it as about. The game will begin at relations, the Ukrainian Treaty of • sides of the Dnieper, together with branch number 426. .ЩЩ'.М. at Centralia in order to Brest-Litovsk, and a short story / |Ciev; the geographer Sansone enable the teams to attend a ban by P. Krecheti "They Called Him J headed his map of Ukraina, the One of the purposes of the new quet'in Berwick.' a Traitor." Mailing address of the date of which is 1641, "Ucraina о lodge is to encourage youth to Besides Wilkes-Barre and Cen publication is Post Office Box 13, poese de Сазасспі'^ЩІкгаіпа, or mingle with the members of other tralia, the^Bastern Pennsylvania Station D, New York City. Price the land of the Cossacks) and on U.N.A. blanches, and also,to in Division of the U.N.A. Baseball 15 cents. it referred to the Moscovite state crease U.N A. membership. League will include Berwick, its "Muscovia; Hetman Khinelnit- In order to* bolster its treasury McAdoo, St Clair, and probably sky declared in 1649 to the Polish and activity program, tire St. Olyphant. minister: "I4left neither pan. nor John's society will sponsor a" pic Of the Metropolitan Division AFFIRMS NATIONAL TITLE kniax (landlord nor chief) in U- nic, which will be announced at a •only Jersey City has filed the re OF CHESTER TEAM later date; krainar" and in his speech to the gistrations, while New York, New To end this basketball champion ffiovan -clergy, in 1651 said: "God Organized with" nine charter ark and Philadelphia are marking ship claim business once «and for helped me to drive the Poles from members, branch 426 hopes to in thhe until the last day. all, I hereby declare officially that Ukraina;* a proclamation of Het crease its membership to fifty be The Rochester U.N.A. Softball the Chester team is National man Briukhovetsky in 1668 speaks fore the beginning of the next fiscal team,' being too far from other Champion and not Allentown. ft||i|^/4Jkrajna".."o®^beloved father period. Much interest has been U.N.A. teams, has joined a city shown in the; progress of the group, Because-of many complaints'* a land which Poland and Moscow league. Our best wishes' to Roches play-off was< necessary in- Area JJL want^fo divide,"' which has already'planned a series ter for a successful season. We of activities. A benefit plan will be To save time and traveling ex It should be added that up to hope to hear from that team often. penses for teams, a combined play in effect during the next few weeks, The U.NA. basketball champs the sixties of the XIX century the .and it is believed that this will off and Eastern Finals was ar words "Ukraina" and "Ukrainians" of the East (Berwick; Pa.) will be ranged by me -and sanctioned by stimulate interest in all types Of tendered a banquet on May 28th were widely used in Russian litera 1 Mr. John Billy, National Basket" athletic functions. . It is hoped in the afternoon, to be followed by ture as synonymous with the offi that,- in time; this ambition on the ball Director of the UYL-NA. The cially employed words," "Little Rus a dance in the evening. Tins is an failure of two of the teams to show part of Cmtralia's youth'will re occasion for a get-together of the sia" and "Little Russians." Only sult in the building of a home, thus up was no fault of mine, and Ches ірЖЙІВбЗ were they banned by cen U.N.A. teams in the neighborhood, ter won frjffiL-NoJfc York,І later to bringing the youth closer, together as Berwick is'situated within the sorship and removed from circuld- and promoting fraternalisin at- the win the national title in Arnold. . tion. In' thai: year the Minister of traveling' distance of all teams in same' time.- the Division. A trophy will be As to the eligibility of a Chester ^ the Interior, Ml Valuev, issued the player, according to rules set by tvell-knov»lT^ronouncehient: "The The-members of the new society presented to the Berwick basket appreciate the work that Ukrain ball team. v Area ІП Director he was eligible Ukrainian language never''existed, ians before them have accomplish and permitted to play through does' not exist ' and never' will." Phtla, Suffers First Defeat out the season. Since that time to this day. most ed where the U.NA. is concerned. Russians have been conteht toSWR They are determined to fulfill their The Philadelphia U.N.A. Youth PETER J^ZAHARCHUK, ambitions where their new club is Club's baseball players suffered UYL-NA Eastern Basketball iterate* this assertion, without так concerned, and "have to thank our те any scientific effort to substan their first loss of the season when Director. tiate it. faithful pioneers" for making it they were nosed out by a 7-6 score possible for .them to take part in in their Fairmount Park League 1 —• But although "Ukraina" was the development of a great Ukrain encounter with the Indiana A. C. banned in Russia it replaced the ian organization. on May 19th. Marty Horobiowaki, YOUTH OF ASTORIA ORGANIZE ancient' name Rus in Galicia and The formation of the branch was Bukovina, territories outside the U.N.A. pitcher, did acceptable A New Young Ukrainian Club is not an overnight accomplishment, mound duty, but an error on a 1 Russian Empire; and similarly in for its- officers devoted a consider trickling ball hit to the outfield- in being organized in Astoria. On the Bukovina and Galicia, ''Ukrainian" able portion of their time in in- the final inning produced' two un night of May 18th we had bur replaced Rusln and Ruatd,- which . vestigating and interviewing many earned runs for the opposition, and first meeting.. It was a great pleas were the ancient designations of persons in an effort to enroll their the game was lost It was Phila ure to see over twenty-five young the peoptt&& While these changes members. In relating the advan delphia's first setback in 5 starts. people, come to the Ukrainian were introduced into life; they were tages and benefits of U.NA. mem Tony Cherkas hit a triple and a Democratic Club's clubrooms, in not, it is true, officially recognised bership, however, the young organ single, while Peter Konchak singled response to an inadequate local by- the-Austrian-Hungarian- Gov izers found their work less difficult, 3 times to feature the U.N.A. of mail appeal for membership. ernment. •&' 1915 a group of U- for it is a well-known' fact that fensive attack. We take this, means of thank krainian members in the Reichs- the U.NA. offers more to its mem- ing the Ukrainian Democratic Club rath urged the Government to sub The sc<$l$*fiy innings, with'hits of Astoria for their clubrooms. We bers-than any other- Ukrainian or and errors following the total stitute Ukrainer for Ruthenen, but ganisation in itsfhldThe organizers also appreciate the good wishes of nothing eame' of the request. received considerable aid from Mr. runst|»v- the .Trident ;Club, issued at this • We reach then; this final con-, Indiana A. C: 002 Oil 3—7-11-4 our very first gathering through JohnCheppa of branch 90; as well as Philadelphia: 1J&000 1—6- 6-3 elusion-: In - ancient- times, begin from the. new members themselves. John Lichac, and hope to build up ning from the IX century, those According to Dietric Slobogin, pleasant relationships with all U- The branch as. a whole thanks Mr. the Philadelphians will engage in who wdelt in the land now known Gregory Herman,. Vice: President krainia clubs. . as Ukraina called it Rus and 2 Fairmount Park League games, Membership is open not only to of the U. N. Av for his valuable facing the Abanell A.A. tomorrow themeelves Rasl-d. Because the advice and participation, and also Astorians. If you are over • six Moscovites, who were a quite dif afternoon at 33rd- and Dauphin teen, Ukrainian, and desirous of thanks other Supremo Officers for Sts., beginning at 3 P.?Jfr, and ferent people, appropriated these their - cooperations helping us promote the ideals of W designations, the - original Ruski the Ryan Aces on Wednesday, May unity among our own people to .people electedч to , call their land The Sb John's group hope to 31st, on the same field, beginning every advantage', we shall be Ukraina and themselves Ukrain maintain; their, good standard for at-6 P. M pleased to have you come down to ians. They were wholly within the future;': and..are striving to -establish recognition-•..not' only, for Jersey Crty.-Newark-Brookiyn our meetings, which throughout their« right in doing;so-; a nation Games. the months of May and- June will is entitled to name itself. In-this themselves but; for -the parent or ganization as. well,-: * The Jersey City U.N.A, Baseball be held every Thursday, at 30-10 instance" a name was not-invented; Team wiH play the Newark U.N.A, 32nd Street, Astoria, L. I., N. Y. an old name which hed- fallen- in That the-.'hew. branch will have at 8:30 P. M. an eventful future- is evident iix-the Lions. at the Olympic Park Sta to disrepute was dropped and-a dium, Irvington, beginning at 3:15 SECRETARY. new-name which had been current creed contained сіп the report sub mitted by its recording secretary: P. M„ Sunday, May 28/ together with it, at least after the . Oh-May 30» Material. Day,- the ХП century, was brought into com "Spirit is the cause of this activity. tfp Begone the glory... we do not -Jersey City team will play the mon usage. Thus. Moscovia's claim Brooklyn Young Ukraine at P