26. Roy Chapman Andrews (b. 1884) Au- 29. Anton Julius Carlson (b. 1875) Ameri- thority on whales; discoveredlargest fos- can physiologist and author who studied sil land mammal,Balachitherium. many digestive problems uniquely and Edward Jenner (d. 1823) Used cowpox personally. to vaccinate humans against smallpox. 30. Johannes A. G. Fibiger (d. 1928) Proved 27. John James Audubon (d. 1851) Haitian- cancer could be caused at will in experi- born ornithologistand artist; wife a dy- mental animals, opening a new field of namic influence. experimental study. Sir John Carew Eccles (b. 1903) 1963 Asa Gray (d. 1888) One of the earliest Nobel laureatefor studies concerningthe American botanists to be recognized in- mechanismsof transmissionof nerve im- ternationally; a premier taxonomist and pulses. evolutionist. 28. Harry Ardell Allard (b. 1880) Co-dis- Sir William Jenner (b. 1815) First to es-

coverer of photoperiodism. tablish a difference between typhus and Downloaded from http://online.ucpress.edu/abt/article-pdf/30/10/855/23818/4442331.pdf by guest on 01 October 2021 Eugene DuBois (b. 1858) Found Java typhoid fever. man. 31. John Charles Fremont (b. 1813) Led Auguste Piccard (b. 1884) Invented the expedition to West and had many animals bathyscaphe for deep water study. named for him.

Aimed for the student who does not have an Book Reviews extensive zoological background, the author All unsigned reviews were made by editors. has produced a field manual with numerous Zoology line drawings to be used as the basis for identification. Thus, a worm-like creature can So EXCELLENT A FISHE, Archie Carr, 250 rather $5.95, Natural History Press, Double- be traced through closely related pages, pp., wading through the usual taxonomic se- day and Company,New York,1967. than quence of phyla. The drawings are superb As is the case with Carr's earlier Windward and numerous. There is prefatory material on Road and Ulendo, this volume is firm proof collecting and preservation. The thrust of the that writing need not be dull to be scholarly. book is on marine fauna, but a number of Carr'sknowledge of sea turtles is encyclopedic, invertebratesare included, including insects and and he communicates this clearly and interest- spiders. ingly. An excellent aid, and especially useful for For the biology educator and the high school the amateurand the high school biology library. student, an equally important facet of the volume is the pervasive flavor of how a scien- tist works, the patience and disappointments HANDBOOKOF SALAMANDERS,Sherman C. that are so basic a part of discovery, and the Bishop, 555 pp., $12.50, Comstock Publish- genuine satisfaction he takes in having answers ing Associates,New York,1967. found, even when it is someone else who finds This is a 25 year old classic reissued, after them. No where does Carr actually say "This is having been out of print for several years, in how a scientist works. Isn't it wonderful."And response to public demand. It remains the only there is certainly no preaching about the great- account of the salamanderfauna of the United ness of scientists and their work. Yet these States and Canada. A general introductory ideas are clearly and inescapably communicated section contains informationon relationshipsof in the descriptions of how Carr, his students, the seven American families, general habits of and others have pursued knowledge about sea salamanders,and instructionsfor collection and turtlesfor more than a decade. preservation.The body of the book consists of For those aspiring to be scientists, for those systematically arranged species accounts. Keys who enjoy reading about natural history (or to the families, genera, and species are detailed about people), and for those whose avocation is and well constructed.Photographs, illustrations, turtles, the volume is useful and delightful. or both, and range maps are provided for each species. Each account includes informa- INVERTEBRATE IDENTIFICATION MANUAL, Rich- tion on type locality, range, habitat, size, de- ard A. Pimentel, 151 pp., Reinhold Pub- scription, color, breeding and larvae. A very lishing Corporation,New York,1967. extensive bibliography is presented, complete

Biology in January 855