Central Illinois Teaching with Primary Sources Newsletter
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Issue # 40 May 2011 Central Illinois Teaching with Primary Sources Newsletter EASTERN ILLINOIS UNI VERSITY SOUTHERN ILLINOIS UN IVERSITY EDWARDSVILLE Flocks and Feathers: Birds INSIDE THIS ISSUE: Topic Introduction 2 Connecting to Illinois 3 Close to Home 3 Learn More with 4 American Memory In The Classroom 6 Test Your Knowledge 8 Timeline 9 CONTACTS Melissa Carr [email protected] Editor Cindy Rich [email protected] Amy Wilkinson [email protected] eiu.edu/~eiutps/newsletter P a g e 2 B i r d s Flocks and Feathers Welcome to the Central Illinois Teaching with Primary Born in Haiti in 1785 and Sources Newsletter. Our goal is to bring you topics that raised in France, John connect to the Illinois Learning Standards as well as James Audubon had a introduce you to amazing items from the Library of fascination with birds and Congress. Birds are mentioned specifically within the began drawing them at an following Illinois Learning Standards (found within goal, early age. In 1803, he was standard, benchmark or performance descriptors). 12- sent to America where he Understand the fundamental conception, principles and conducted the first known interconnections of life, physical and earth/space bird -binding experiment. science. His obsession led him to On January 5, 2011, the explore as far south as the National Audubon Society Florida Keys and as far celebrated its 106th north as Labrador, Canada. anniversary. The National After 1820, Audubon Audubon Society is the worked on his masterwork, Birds of America. It consisted nation’s largest bird of 435 hand-colored plates. Audubon insisted the conservation organization. drawings be reproduced life-size, as he had drawn them. It has aided in rescuing No American publisher was willing to take on this many species of birds such expensive task so Audubon ventured to England where as the bald eagle, atlantic his work was published. Today, the National Audubon puffin and flamingos from Society’s network of community-based chapters engages extinction. The millions of people of all ages in conservation and efforts of the National Audubon Society were John James Audubon is the protection of wildlife birds. essential in establishing Pelican Island National namesake and inspiration for Library of Congress, Thomas, House Wildlife Refuge, America’s first wildlife refuge. the National Audubon Resolution 489, Accessed 3.21.11 Their members have been relentless in Society. National Audubon Society, History of pushing for legislation to protect birds and their Audubon and Waterbird Conservation, habitat. The Lacy Act of 1900 stalled the Accessed 3.21.11 millinery trade from using bird feathers and brought National Audubon Society, History, many species of water birds under protection. In 1918, John James Audubon, Accessed President Wilson signed the Migratory Bird Treaty Act, 3.18.11 which remains one of the strongest laws protecting wild Library of Congress, Today in North American birds. History, January 27, Accessed John James Audubon is the namesake 3.17.11 and inspiration for the National Audubon Library of Congress, Society. It was founded by George B. Exhibitions, Birds of Grinnell in 1886. Grinnell knew the America, Accessed 3.18.11 Audubon family well and shared the same passion as Audubon for birds. Grinnell named the organization after John James Audubon. eiu.edu/~eiutps/newsletter B i r d s P a g e 3 Connecting to Illinois You don’t have to travel further than your own backyard habitat should be a concern for every Illinois citizen. to see many of the birds native to Illinois, from the downy Birds are an indicator of environmental health. They are woodpecker, the smallest woodpecker in Illinois to the affected by pollution, climate change, toxins and habitat northern cardinal, the loss. It is important for us to monitor changes in bird Illinois state bird. The populations as these factors may also impact human cardinal lives year populations. round in Illinois and has The Illinois Raptor Center, A Pictorial Guide to Illinois Birds, become abundant Accessed 3.21.11 since 1900. Illinois Illinois State Museum, Illinois State Symbols and their History, school children chose Accessed 3.21.11 the cardinal as the Illinois Audubon Society, Our History, Accessed 3.21.11 state bird. It received 39,226 votes from the children Illinois Department of Natural Resources, Illinois while the blue bird came in second It is important for us to Endangered Species Protection Board, Accessed 3.21.11 with 30,306 votes. monitor changes in bird Library of Congress, Thomas, House Resolution 489, populations as these factors Accessed 3.21.11 On April 10, 1897, the Illinois Audubon Society was incorporated may also impact human by the State of Illinois. Like all populations. Close to Home—Heartland Highways early Audubon societies, IAS was Each month we share a link to a relevant episode of formed to put an end to the feather trade which was Heartland Highways that provides additional information destroying colonies of herons, egrets and terns. Mrs. featuring people and places right here in central Illinois. Henry King was the first Heartland Highways is a production of WEIU and president of IAS and episodes are available to view online at organized early http://www.weiu.net/hh (select the season on the right education campaigns for side of the page and then the episode). bird preservation. The society publishes data Season Nine Episode 911: Lori from the Illinois Spring and Kate will get you up close and Count and many personal with some of the worlds Christmas Bird Counts smallest birds at a hummingbird held around the state. banding in Oakland, Illinois. The Illinois Species Protection Board determines whether a plant or animal is threatened or endangered. The board was created by the passage of the Endangered Species Protection Act of 1972. The board reviews and revises the list at least once every five years. Keeping our native birds and their eiu.edu/~eiutps/newsletter P a g e 4 B i r d s Learn more with American memory collections Photographs from the Chicago Daily News, 1902-1933 Charles Crawford Gorst: the Bird Man are a few examples http://memory.loc.gov/ammem/ndlpcoop/ichihtml/cdnhome.ht of lecturers who traveled the country entertaining the ml public. This online collection Library of Congress, American Memory, Accessed 3.18.11 contains approximately An American Time Capsule: Three Centuries of 55,000 images. The Broadsides and Other Printed Ephemera photographers capturing these images usually http://memory.loc.gov/ammem/rbpehtml expected them to illustrate A primary purpose of printed ephemera was the an article in the newspaper distribution of information. In or to be cropped showing days before television and the relevant portion of an radio, citizens received news by image when published. way of broadsides and printed This was the exception, ephemera. Many of these items with only about 20 percent of the images in this such as advertisements, weren’t collection being published in the newspaper. Examine meant to be kept they were to be the photographs carefully, details may appear in the read and thrown away. These foreground or background of images that hold historical items hold a historical interest interest now but were not particularly relevant to the giving insight into another time. purpose for which an image was made. Many of the When searching the collection for images with birds as the subject were taken at the birds, protection seems to be the Lincoln Park Zoo. Peacocks, swans and an oriole’s main intent. Trespass notices, nest are a sample of photographs found in this collection. proclamations for Arbor and Bird Library of Congress, American Memory, Accessed 3.18.11 Day and catalogues are some of the broadsides found in this collection. Traveling Culture: Circuit Chautauqua in the Twentieth Century Library of Congress, American Memory, Accessed 3.21.11 http://memory.loc.gov/ammem/collections/chautauqua/index. Washington As It Was: Photographs by Theodor html Horydczak, 1923-1959 This digital collection presents 7,949 publicity brochures, http://memory.loc.gov/ammem/collections/horydczak/index.h promotional advertisements and tml talent circulars for some 4,546 If you want images of birds, this is a great collection to performers who were part of the explore. Photographs of Chautauqua circuit. Lecturers were the shoebills, turkeys, the backbone of Chautauqua. Every pelicans, horned owls topic from current events to comic and penguins are found story telling could be heard on the in this collection. The circuits. Many of these lecturers photographs are up close traveled the country telling their and show great detail. No story. Their flyers were colorful information is given on and would boast of their many where these photographs experiences. Captain C.W.R. Knight: the were taken but most of Eagle Man, Frank H. Hollmann: the Pigeon Man and the animals are in cages or enclosed areas suggesting eiu.edu/~eiutps/newsletter B i r d s P a g e 5 Learn more with American memory collections maybe a zoo or farm. The composers have chosen to write about in sheet music. Prints and Photographs This collection contains sheet music with and without division maintains the entire lyrics. Strong marches such as the ―Parade of the Theodor Horydczak collection Humming Birds‖ to ―Pride Polka‖, which will get your feet which consists of more than dancing. The collection moves on to ―The Owl’s 32,000 items, including Serenade‖, a lovely romantic song approximately 17,450 black to fun songs like the and white photographs, ―Crow’s Egg‖. The cover 14,000 negatives and 1,500 pages are rich in color and color transparencies. design to complement the Approximately 14,350 digital music.