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s [AU# 1-52-28] site FF19, was sampled in 2009 resulting in a Not Rated status due to r [AU# 1-52b] is hatchery supported trout waters, was sampled in 2009 (FF3) noting a moderately [AU# 1-52-23] was last sampled for macroinvertebrates in 2002 and rated Excellent (FB20). tion c ààà à "" ))) " ") ote
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absence of criteria for rating high gradient mountain trout streams. benthicTwo sites (FB24 and FB31) were indicating high water quality despite the Not Rated status. Creek Tatham water quality conditions are noted as stable. RiverValley rich and abundant assemblage of primarily cool water fish and the presence of Hellbender salamanders Gipp Creek Junaluska Creek H gather and report information through our Impaired and Impacted Stream/ Watershed survey found here: http://portal.ncdenr.org/web/wq/ps/bpu/about/impactedstreamssurvey Appendix 1C or by clicking on the following small maps. assist inTo identifying potential water quality issues citizens, watershed groups and resource agencies can regarding basinwide biological samples sites are availableAppendix in 1B. Use support information on all monitored streams can be foundAppendix in 1A. Detailed maps of each of the watersheds are found in The following section provides more detail about specific streams where special studies have occurred or stressor sources information is available. Within this document biological sample site IDs ending in an “F” denote fish community and a “B” denote macroinvertebrate community. Specific stream information P 4
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" ) " Welch Mill Creek Mill Welch sedimentation. and instability bank vegetation, riparian in breaks of evidence with agriculture animal by impacted is creeks the downstream although forested primarily are headwaters creeks The 2009. TaylorCreek tributaries. River Valley several to runoff significant contributes Airport The Andrews evaluated. be should options stabilization bank and restoration Stream channelization. and vegetation riparian of lack the to due unstable are banks stream The tolerant. pollution more was community benthic downstream the and property airport the through channelized is stream The enrichment. nutrient indicated worms aquatic abundant and algae green but site, upstream the at collected species intolerant pollution several were There size. small stream’s the on based Impaired Not rated were sites Both Assessment. Watershed ValleyRiver 2002 the during Creek Morris property. their from runoff by caused pollution reducing in help to Coalition Watershed River Hiwassee the contact to encouraged are creek the along landowners Residential length. entire its for creek the parallels that road the of proximity the to due difficult be may sites restoration identifying but feasible, where advised is restoration Channel riprap. with hardened and channelized been has stream the of much and banks the of many from absent is vegetation Riparian status. Impaired Not a in resulting Assessment, Creek Beaver practices. management best agricultural of use through corrected be should access cattle from impacts The access. livestock to due likely are deposition sediment and erosion, damage, bank the of Much zone. riparian narrow a and erosion, bank banks, unstable sediment, of deposits heavy substrate, embedded complexes, riffle/run well-developed of lack included: problems Habitat degraded. was habitat but data, community fish on based Good rated was Creek Britton (NCG140154). operation mixing concrete for other and (NCG080754) maintenance vehicle and transportation for one of Andrews; vicinity the within permits stormwater active two also are There violations. future avoid to regime maintenance and operation its improve to needs which (NC0020800), discharge U residences. of number a through 1503 SR along runs Creek Cove Rail Creek. Worm to tributary small very a Creek, Cove Rail was conductivity high this of source the determined staff Field stream. mountain a for high very also was Conductivity enrichment. nutrient suggesting algae, filamentous long with productive very was site flow.The disrupting creek, the into debris woody other and trees push to used been had equipment Heavy erosion. severe to due muck and silt of full was stream The problems. quality water and habitat several by plagued was (FB38) site downstream The use. land agricultural or residential from runoff suggests This elevated. was conductivity the but good, was (FB26) site upstream the at habitat The 2002. in Assessment Watershed Creek Worm habitat. riparian poor the through lawns from runoff and pipes, straight systems, septic leaky/failing of combination a to due likely are problems These sand. and silt with embedded slightly was bed creek the and prolific was growth Periphyton purposes. residential for cleared been had vegetation riparian the but sites, both at good generally was habitat Instream use. land residential in is watershed the of Much Assessment. Watershed ValleyRiver 2002 the during Tathamon Creek sampled pp e r
V alley [AU# 1-52-24] was sampled at benthic sites FB26 and FB38 as part of the Valley River ValleyRiver the of part as FB38 and FB26 sites benthic at sampled was 1-52-24] [AU# [AU# 1-52-39] maintained it Good-Fair Bioclassification from a fish sample (FF4) taken in taken (FF4) sample fish a from Bioclassification Good-Fair it maintained 1-52-39] [AU# [AU# 1-52-36] was sampled above (site FB25) and below (site FB29) the Andrews Airport Airport the Andrews FB29) (site below and FB25) (site above sampled was 1-52-36] [AU# [AU# 1-52-29-(2)] was evaluated by Tennessee Valley Authority in 1993 and 2002. The stream stream The 2002. and 1993 in TennesseeValleyby Authority evaluated was 1-52-29-(2)] [AU# [AU# 1-52-30-(3)] was sampled at Site FB19 as part of the 2002 Valley River Watershed Watershed ValleyRiver 2002 the of part as FB19 Site at sampled was 1-52-30-(3)] [AU# [AU# 1-52-40] declined in Bioclassification from Excellent in 2004 to Good-Fair in 2009. 2009. in Good-Fair to 2004 in Excellent from Bioclassification in declined 1-52-40] [AU# R ive of its backwash water. Downstream on the Valley River the town has a major WWTP WWTP major a has town the ValleyRiver the on Downstream water. backwash its of release for (NC0069892) permit discharge a holds TownWTP the of Andrews Creek, Holland Dan Along areas. HQW WSW-II/ are Creek Holland Dan and Creek Beaver of headwaters the of Andrews, North Town the in of Andrews. begins subwatershed this of reach upstream The Forest. National Nantahala of mountains the in beginning tributaries the with miles, square 41 drains subwatershed ValleyRiver Upper The r (HUC 060200020402) (HUC 5
2012 Hiwassee River Basin Plan: Valley River Watershed (HUC 0602000204) [AU# 1-52d] that flows through Murphy before it empties into [AU# 1-52-45] was sampled at site FF6 and resulted in a Good [AU# 1-52c] is Impaired because of turbidity standard violations Valley RiverValley (HUC 060200020403) Valley RiverValley (HUC 060200020404) r r The basinwide macroinvertebrate site FB10 on the RiverValley received a Good rating in 2009 as it did in 2004, although water quality improvements were noted. However, this reach [AU# 1-52c] of the river is Impaired because of high turbidity levels.The reach designated as Impaired by DWQ extends to the mouth of Marble Creek just above Murphy. Fecal coliform bacteria samples were collected in the RiverValley near the Campground KOA and near Konehete Park in September 2011 The impairment on RiverValley starts just below the mouth of Vengeance Creek. The from ambient data collected at site F4000000.The RiverValley also has a history of high fecal coliform bacteria levels with several occurrences happening within the last several years.This rise may indicate a change in land use, land cover, intensity ive Vengeance Creek ive R R [AU# 1-52-58] was sampled at sites FB36 and FB37 as part of the 2002 RiverValley alley [AU# 1-52-43] was last sampled in 2002 (FB34 & FB27) which resulted in an Excellent alley V V
r iddle owe outfall into River. Valley it may be Impaired on the 2014 303(d) list based on the fecal 2011 coliform bacteria data. North of Murphy there are two drainages that are protected for water supplies, Marble Creek and Brittian Branch/Fain Mtn. Reservoir are WSW-I areas.There is also one stormwater discharge permit for a concrete business with an and the data indicates bacteria levels that exceed our current water quality standards assessment criteria. The remaining 3.2mi. reach of the Hiwassee River is Not Rated because of there is no data collected to represent this portion, although L agricultural best management practices. WatershedAssessment. Habitat was severely degraded primarily due to poor cattle management practices. At the time the stream was sampled, livestock had direct access to the stream. During periods of high water, parts of a feedlot could be submerged.The impacts from cattle access should be corrected through use of quality remains good. Colvard Creek study is needed to assess whether this portion of the river could be Impaired for fecal coliform bacteria. The fish community in Bioclassification in 2009. Nutrients were indicated as a possible concern in this drainage but overall water of use, or possibly a deterioration of vegetative buffers in the drainage area.Addressing the causes of the turbidity impairment in this reach may also help reduce fecal coliform bacteria 5-in-30levels.A day sample M education area on property adjacent to the Marble Elementary School in CherokeeThe County. property, which was donated by NC Rep. Roger West, contains the original Marble Springs, Hyatt Creek (which is a designated trout stream), a wetland area, and an area of native pine forest. stream have likely contributed to sedimentation within the stream. Hiwassee River Watershed Coalition helped facilitate the development of an outdoor environmental Hyatt Creek macroinvertebrate rating. Hyatt Creek is one of the larger tributary streams to the TheRiver.Valley lower end passes through residential areas and follows SR 1379. Livestock and land disturbing activities along the the Hiwassee basin and warrants further investigation. Resampling this site, as well as sampling below the trout farm is recommended. Biologists noted excellent habitat conditions but a decrease in flow conditions. In 2006, a trout farm began diverting an estimated 70-80% of the creeks water resulting in the absence of taxa that require heavier stream flows. The extremely sharp reduction in taxa here greatly exceeds anything observed elsewhere in 6
2012 Hiwassee River Basin Plan: Valley River Watershed (HUC 0602000204) able to purchase the land approximately one year later. year one approximately land the purchase to able was Service Forest US the until it held and waterfall, a and streams trout of half-mile a over includes which tract, privately-owned vulnerable the purchased trust land The Forest. National Nantahala the to watershed Creek Vengeance the in acres 28 of addition the allow to gap funding a “bridged” trust land the 2009, In watershed. Creek Marble the in trails and roads steep of miles two over on reduced sharply been has erosion result, a As suppliers. materials and contractors local to going investments all with improvements, trail and road in resources considerable investing in Townproactive was 2011, the In property. watershed the on trails skid and roads logging old on cover vegetative and drainage Townthe improve to with worked and annually easement the monitor to continued have staff trust Land land. the for easement conservation permanent a in resulting table, the to dollars Fund Trust Management Water Clean bring help to State Townthe the and between liaison a as acted trust Townland the Murphy. The by of owned watershed supply water Creek Marble 713-acre the of conservation facilitated trust land the 2008, In watershed. ValleyRiver the in tributaries of feet of thousands of tens and frontage, river of feet 4,462 land, open of acres 1,773 of conservation, pending or conservation, the in assisted project Land Trust Hiwassee-Valley Little the Tennessee’s for Land Trust the years, five past the Over Tennessee Little the for Trust Land improvements. habitat instream as well as areas, buffer riparian the within shrubs and trees native of plantings supplemental and plants invasive nonnative of eradication involves work This Service. Wildlife & Fish US the by administered (SARP) Partnership Resources Aquatic Southeast the from grant $45,000 a using watershed ValleyRiver the in locations several at habitat aquatic improve and sedimentation reduce to working been also has HRWC landowners. private of number a and Town the County, of Andrews, Cherokee with partnership in grant, 319 second a under watershed the of third upper the in work restoration conducting currently is HRWC Schools. County Cherokee with partnership in conducted was which School High Murphy at project stabilization bank a for allowed also grant The Impaired. be to it cause which of violations standard, turbidity the meet to river the for needed Solids Totalin Suspended reduction the establishes plan action The watershed. ValleyRiver the for plan action watershed a draft to program 319 Section NC the from grant a received HRWC 2008 In net/valley.htm http://www.hrwc. website: HRWC the at found be can projects the about pictures, after and before including information, Specific erosion. controlling for buffers riparian of value the about educated community a and efforts; restoration guide help to inventory pollution source nonpoint detailed a watershed; the in sites 24 for data biological updated contractors); grading/clearing and (materials locally spent dollars $600,000 include Project Restoration Watershed ValleyRiver the of accomplishments Additional improved. were pastureland of acres 150 and easement protective a under placed and created were buffer riparian wooded of acres 25 than more addition, In tributaries. its and river the of miles) (2.8 feet linear 15,000 nearly along activities restoration conducted landowners, local 22 and District, Conservation Water & Soil County Cherokee the Service, Conservation Resources Natural the with partnership in HRWC, funds, these Using watershed. ValleyRiver the in work restoration for Fund Trust Management Water Clean NC the by million $1.5 approximately awarded was (HRWC) Coalition Watershed River Hiwassee the 2008, and 2003 Between Coalition Watershed River Hiwassee Initiatives Quality Water evaluated. be should options stabilization bank and restoration Stream past. the in (channelized) altered was stream this of channel The erosion. of areas small were there but stable, moderately were banks The sediment. fine by surrounded percent) (25-50 boulders and cobble with embedded, partially was substrate The stream. this in communities biological the affects degradation habitat Severe Assessment. Watershed River Creek Marble [AU# 1-52-66-(3)] was evaluated by Tennessee Valley Authority as part of the 2002 Valley 2002 the of part as TennesseeValleyby Authority evaluated was 1-52-66-(3)] [AU# 7
2012 Hiwassee River Basin Plan: Valley River Watershed (HUC 0602000204) stressors and sources that may be impacting a stream potential s r ate W
le b ota and public input. In many cases, additional study is needed to determine exact source(s) of the impact.The last column includes a list of recommended actions. Table 1-1 listsTable waterbodies identified as needing additional protection and potential restoration actions. The fourth and fifth columns of this table list based on in-field observations, monitoring data, historical evidence, permit or other violations, and other staff N their ongoing restoration goals. best management practices and riparian buffer protection. HRWC has demonstrated its ability to coordinate restoration efforts in the RiverValley watershed to significantly reduce sedimentation. It uses sound scientific methods and has created effective partnerships at the federal, state, and local level. DWQ strongly supports increase and greatly reduce turbidity.The high gradient/high flow of headwater streams, coupled with the rocky nature of mountain streams have likely kept the tributaries from becoming impaired despite poor land use practices; but their biological integrity will decline if land disturbing activities continue without appropriate erosion and sedimentation problems in the RiverValley watershed.These include approximately 18,050 feet of restoration on the RiverValley mainstem and 19,000 feet on its tributaries. Projects to protect and restore riparian vegetation along the RiverValley and its tributaries can slow the rate of water temperature While HRWC has made significant progress towards reducing erosion and sediment inputs Valleyto the River, much work remains to be done. HRWC has identified thirteen restoration projects that will address This watershed was intensively monitored in 1992 and 2002 and would benefit from being monitored again in 2012 to keep the 10-year cycle going.This would allow for a more thorough assessment of the local restoration efforts and adapting future restoration projects. forward with conserving waters, farms, forests, and heritage in this amazing valley. Recommendations work of the Murphy project in 2008, this project would conserve nearly ten additional miles of streams, and would connect two disjunct tracts of Nantahala National Forest. With a written corridor conservation strategy in hand, the land trust will continue to work with interested landowners in the RiverValley watershed to move The land trust is also workingAndrews with of the andTown the NC Clean Water ManagementTrust Fund to facilitate the conservation 930-acreof theTown’s Beaver Creek water supply watershed. Similar to the intact oxbow wetlands in the watershed. Farming will continue on most of the property, with stream buffers and many wetland areas protected and eventually enhanced or restored with the assistance of Hiwassee River Watershed Coalition and other partners. The land trust conserved its first major riverfront property in with 2011, the purchase of a conservation easement on a 101-acre historic farm on RiverValley immediately upstream of the mouth of Welch Mill Creek.The rare property includes 4,462 feet of frontage on the river, as well as the most extensive and 8
2012 Hiwassee River Basin Plan: Valley River Watershed (HUC 0602000204) NMC= nutrient mgnt controls, S&E soil and erosion control, M= monitoring M= control, erosion and soil S&E controls, mgnt nutrient NMC= BMPs, Ag= BMPs, Agriculture forestry F= plan, protection species SSP= ordinance, local LO= education, E= Needed Actions Status Source etc.) degradation, habitat toxicity, nutrients, DO, low/high use.(e.g., designated their for standards Stressor Class. # AU Creek Worm Creek Whitaker Creek Mill Welch ValleyRiver TaylorCreek Creek Rodgers Branch McColl Creek Marble Creek Colvard Creek Brown Creek Britton T S a bl t r = Assessment Unit # or stream segment/reach stream or # Unit = Assessment e eam = Classification (e.g., C, S, B, WS-I, WS-II, WS-III, WS-IV, WS-V, WS-III, Tr,HQW,ORW, WS-II, SW, UWL) WS-I, B, S, C, (e.g., Classification = = Impaired, Impacted, Supporting, Improving Supporting, Impacted, Impaired, = 1-1: 1-1: = development, agriculture, WWTP, NPS, agriculture, development, = = chemical parameters or physical conditions that at certain levels prevent waterbodies from meeting the the meeting from waterbodies prevent levels certain at that conditions physical or parameters chemical =
N ame N ota = BMPs, R= restoration, P= conservation protection, SC= stormwater controls, SS= stressor study, stressor SS= controls, stormwater SC= protection, conservation P= restoration, R= BMPs, = bl e 1-52-39-1-1 1-52-66-(3) 1-52-29-(2) W 1-52-24 1-52-33 1-52-40 1-52-39 1-52-60 1-52-34 1-52c ater 1-51 A U# b odies C C; TrC; C;Tr C;Tr C;Tr C;Tr C;Tr lass C C C C C . sedimentation, sedimentation, sedimentation, sedimentation, sedimentation sedimentation sedimentation sedimentation sedimentation sedimentation degradations, degradations, fecal coliform coliform fecal degradation, degradation, degradation, degradation, degradation, degradation, degradation, degradation, temperature increasing increasing nutrients, nutrients, S nutrients bacteria, nutrients nutrients turbidity, turbidity, habitat habitat habitat habitat habitat habitat habitat habitat habitat habitat t r flow esso r
(ATVs), stormwater (ATVs), agriculture, limited limited agriculture, urban stormwater, stormwater, urban livestock access, access, livestock access, livestock residential runoff residential livestock access livestock access livestock unpaved roads roads unpaved riparian cover, riparian development, development, development, development, failing septic septic failing failing septic septic failing agriculture, agriculture, agriculture, agriculture, agriculture, agriculture, agriculture, agriculture, stormwater stormwater stormwater agriculture stowmater residential residential residential residential trout farm trout systems, systems, systems S o urc e Supporting Supporting Supporting Impacted Impacted Impacted Impacted Impacted Impacted Impacted Impaired S tat u s R, BMPs R, Ag, BMPs R, Ag, BMPs R, Ag, R, BMPs R, Ag, M, SC, LO, LO, SC, M, LO, M, M, Ag, LO, R, M, M, Ag, R, R, BMPs R, BMPs R, M, R M, Ag, S&E, R, R, S&E, A N BMPs BMPs R, R, Ag c eeded tions R
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95f4ef26f806&groupId=38364 tributaries flowing to the affected trout water stream. Further clarification on classifications of unnamed tributaries can be found underAdministration Code NCAC 15A 02B .0301(i)(1) or the following link: portal.ncdenr.org/c/document_library/get_file?uuid=f4f0b765-7892-4681-885b- buffer zone nearest the land-disturbing activity, whichever is greater.”The Sedimentation Control Commission, however, can approve land-disturbing activities along trout waters when the duration of the disturbance is temporary and the extent of the disturbance is minimal.This rule applies to unnamed protect trout streams from land disturbing activities. Under G.S. 113A-57(1), “waters that have been classified as trout waters by the Environmental Management Commission (EMC) shall have an undisturbed buffer zone 25 feet wide or of sufficient width to confine visible siltation within the twenty-five percent of the Trout (Tr) waters are protected for natural trout propagation and maintenance of stocked trout.There are no watershed development restrictions associated with the trout classification; however, the NC Division of Land Resources (DLR), under the NC Sedimentation and Pollution ControlAct (SPCA), has requirements to ncdenr.org/web/wq/ps/csu/rules Trout (Tr) Waters strategies and the administrative code under which the strategies are found. More detailed information can be found in the document entitled Classifications andWater Quality Standards Applicable to SurfaceWaters and Wetlands of North Carolina(NCDENR-DWQ, 2004).This document is available on-line at classifications to the primary freshwater classification(s) placed on aAs waterbody. show in Figure 1-5, Gipp Creek is classified as Troutan ORW stream. Management strategies are associated with the supplemental HQW and ORW classifications and are intended to protect water quality. Below is a brief summary of these M Trout (Tr), High Quality Water (HQW) and Outstanding Resource Water (ORW) are supplemental 10 2
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2012 H R B P : V R W (HUC0 0602000204)
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0 6 0 HQW provided that the effluent limits are met for dissolved oxygen (DO), ammonia/nitrogen levels (NH levels ammonia/nitrogen (DO), oxygen dissolved for met are limits effluent the that provided HQW as classified waters in permitted be general, may, in discharges existing of expansions and discharges New designation. supplemental HQW the for qualify may parameters quality water physical/chemical and biological on based Excellent considered are which or WS-II or WS-I for petitioned Streams rules. HQW to subject are waters trout (wild) native as (WRC) Commission Resources Wildlife NC the by designated waters and ORW, WS-II), and (WS-I II and I Supply as Water classified waters basin, River Hiwassee the In standards. HQW ORWs & HQW resource values of these waters. these of values resource the protect to developed be may strategies management stormwater specific site addition, In 1995). (NCDENR-DWQ, .1000 2H 15A NCAC Code in Administrative specified as rules management stormwater follow to required are program control sedimentation and erosion local approved an or Commission Control Sedimentation NC the under Plan Control Sedimentation and Erosion an requiring activities development new all for controls stormwater HQW,and for those to similar are activities development the to related Rules permitted. are discharges existing on expansions or discharge new No significance). scientific or ecological special recreation, water-based of levels high unusually fisheries, and habitat fish ORWs rule: the in outlined options development two are There HQW. as designated waters to draining and of mile one within are activities development if implemented be must strategies management stormwater rules, these Under 1995). (NCDENR-DWQ, .1000 2H NCAC 15A Code in Administrative specified as rules management stormwater follow to required are program control sedimentation and erosion local approved an or Commission Control Sedimentation NC the under Plan Control Sedimentation and Erosion an require which activities development above, the to addition In .0224). 2B 15A NCAC Code (Administrative installed be should aeration step and disinfection, filters, sand recirculation or dual tank, septic a fails, home single-family existing an from discharge a When prohibited. are waters surface into structures residential single-family from Discharges levels. background below (mg/l) liter per milligrams 0.5 than more drop to water receiving the in concentration oxygen dissolved the cause not will wastes oxygen-consuming of discharge one than more from effects cumulative the that ensure to necessary be may limitations stringent More (BOD5). demand oxygen biochemical the and • •
maintain existing and anticipated uses of the water (Administrative Code 15A NCAC 2H .1006). .1006). 2H 15A NCAC Code (Administrative water the of uses anticipated and existing maintain and protect to needed are measures additional determined is it where basis case-by-case a on required be may measures management stormwater stringent More rainfall. of more or inch one by affected surfaces all from runoff control to designed be must and systems) innovative systems, infiltration stormwater ponds, detention wet (e.g., constructed be must controls stormwater structural projects, high-density For acre. one than greater on activities disturbing land all for is option high-density The constructed). (e.g., system collection stormwater discrete a to lead not must it but option, low-density the in stormwater transport to used be may areas Vegetated greater. or acre one on home residential single-family a for is development proposed the or area land total the of percent 12 than less is area upon built the when used be can option This stream. the and activities development between buffer vegetative wide 30-foot a requires option low-density The classification is intended to protect waters with water quality higher than the state’s water quality quality water state’s the than higher quality water with waters protect to intended is classification are unique and special surface waters that have some outstanding resource value (e.g., outstanding outstanding (e.g., value resource outstanding some have that waters surface special and unique are 3 -N), -N), 11
2012 Hiwassee River Basin Plan: Valley River Watershed (HUC 0602000204)