Major Watersheds of Illinois
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Geomorphic Classification of Rivers
9.36 Geomorphic Classification of Rivers JM Buffington, U.S. Forest Service, Boise, ID, USA DR Montgomery, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA Published by Elsevier Inc. 9.36.1 Introduction 730 9.36.2 Purpose of Classification 730 9.36.3 Types of Channel Classification 731 9.36.3.1 Stream Order 731 9.36.3.2 Process Domains 732 9.36.3.3 Channel Pattern 732 9.36.3.4 Channel–Floodplain Interactions 735 9.36.3.5 Bed Material and Mobility 737 9.36.3.6 Channel Units 739 9.36.3.7 Hierarchical Classifications 739 9.36.3.8 Statistical Classifications 745 9.36.4 Use and Compatibility of Channel Classifications 745 9.36.5 The Rise and Fall of Classifications: Why Are Some Channel Classifications More Used Than Others? 747 9.36.6 Future Needs and Directions 753 9.36.6.1 Standardization and Sample Size 753 9.36.6.2 Remote Sensing 754 9.36.7 Conclusion 755 Acknowledgements 756 References 756 Appendix 762 9.36.1 Introduction 9.36.2 Purpose of Classification Over the last several decades, environmental legislation and a A basic tenet in geomorphology is that ‘form implies process.’As growing awareness of historical human disturbance to rivers such, numerous geomorphic classifications have been de- worldwide (Schumm, 1977; Collins et al., 2003; Surian and veloped for landscapes (Davis, 1899), hillslopes (Varnes, 1958), Rinaldi, 2003; Nilsson et al., 2005; Chin, 2006; Walter and and rivers (Section 9.36.3). The form–process paradigm is a Merritts, 2008) have fostered unprecedented collaboration potentially powerful tool for conducting quantitative geo- among scientists, land managers, and stakeholders to better morphic investigations. -
River Dynamics 101 - Fact Sheet River Management Program Vermont Agency of Natural Resources
River Dynamics 101 - Fact Sheet River Management Program Vermont Agency of Natural Resources Overview In the discussion of river, or fluvial systems, and the strategies that may be used in the management of fluvial systems, it is important to have a basic understanding of the fundamental principals of how river systems work. This fact sheet will illustrate how sediment moves in the river, and the general response of the fluvial system when changes are imposed on or occur in the watershed, river channel, and the sediment supply. The Working River The complex river network that is an integral component of Vermont’s landscape is created as water flows from higher to lower elevations. There is an inherent supply of potential energy in the river systems created by the change in elevation between the beginning and ending points of the river or within any discrete stream reach. This potential energy is expressed in a variety of ways as the river moves through and shapes the landscape, developing a complex fluvial network, with a variety of channel and valley forms and associated aquatic and riparian habitats. Excess energy is dissipated in many ways: contact with vegetation along the banks, in turbulence at steps and riffles in the river profiles, in erosion at meander bends, in irregularities, or roughness of the channel bed and banks, and in sediment, ice and debris transport (Kondolf, 2002). Sediment Production, Transport, and Storage in the Working River Sediment production is influenced by many factors, including soil type, vegetation type and coverage, land use, climate, and weathering/erosion rates. -
Landforms & Bodies of Water
Name Date Landforms & Bodies of Water - Vocab Cards hill noun a raised area of land smaller than a mountain. We rode our bikes up and down the grassy hill. Use this word in a sentence or give an example Draw this vocab word or an example of it: to show you understand its meaning: island noun a piece of land surrounded by water on all sides. Marissa's family took a vacation on an island in the middle of the Pacific Ocean. Use this word in a sentence or give an example Draw this vocab word or an example of it: to show you understand its meaning: 1 lake noun a large body of fresh or salt water that has land all around it. The lake freezes in the wintertime and we go ice skating on it. Use this word in a sentence or give an example Draw this vocab word or an example of it: to show you understand its meaning: landform noun any of the earth's physical features, such as a hill or valley, that have been formed by natural forces of movement or erosion. I love canyons and plains, but glaciers are my favorite landform. Use this word in a sentence or give an example Draw this vocab word or an example of it: to show you understand its meaning: 2 mountain noun a land mass with great height and steep sides. It is much higher than a hill. Someday I'm going to hike and climb that tall, steep mountain. Synonyms: peak Use this word in a sentence or give an example Draw this vocab word or an example of it: to show you understand its meaning: ocean noun a part of the large body of salt water that covers most of the earth's surface. -
Six Rivers, Five Glaciers, and an Outburst Flood: the Considerable Legacy of the Illinois River
SIX RIVERS, FIVE GLACIERS, AND AN OUTBURST FLOOD: THE CONSIDERABLE LEGACY OF THE ILLINOIS RIVER Don McKay, Chief Scientist, Illinois State Geological Survey 615 East Peabody Drive, Champaign, Illinois 61820 [email protected] INTRODUCTION The waters of the modern Illinois River flow gently through looping meanders bordered by quiet backwater lakes and drop only a few inches in each river mile. Concealed beneath this gentle river is geologic evidence that the Illinois descended from ancient rivers with surprising and sometimes violent histories. The geologic story of the Illinois River is not only an account of an interesting chapter of Earth history, but it also reveals a rich geologic legacy of valuable and vulnerable resources that should be managed and used wisely. Modern, detailed, geologic field mapping has enabled new insights into the river’s history. Begun in 2000 by the Illinois State Geological Survey (ISGS), geologic mapping in the Middle Illinois River Valley area (Fig 1) was undertaken to aid planning for an expansion of Illinois Highway 29 between Chillicothe and I-180 west of Hennepin. Mapping was focused initially on the western bluff and valley bottom west of the river near the present highway but has since been expanded to more than 275 sq mi in Putnam, Marshall, and Peoria counties. Funding was provided by Illinois Department of Transportation (IDOT) and by ISGS. Several maps are scheduled to be published (McKay and others 2008a, 2008b, 2008c). Figure 1. Location of recent and ongoing geologic mapping area in the Middle Illinois River Valley region of north-central Illinois (left) and northeastern portion of the Chillicothe 7.5-minute surficial geology map (right) showing areas of river deposits, glacial tills, and bedrock where they occur at land surface. -
Dayton Valley Development Guidelines Final Draft
FINAL DRAFT Dayton Valley Development Guidelines Supplement to the Dayton Valley Area Drainage Master Plan prepared for August Lyon County | Storey County | 2019 Carson Water Subconservancy District i FINAL DRAFT Table of Contents 1 Introduction .......................................................................................................................................... 1 1.1 Background and Rationale ............................................................................................................ 3 1.1.1 More Frequent Flooding ....................................................................................................... 3 1.1.2 Larger Flood Peaks ................................................................................................................ 3 1.1.3 Scour and Erosion ................................................................................................................. 3 1.1.4 Flow Diversion ....................................................................................................................... 3 1.1.5 Flow Concentration ............................................................................................................... 3 1.1.6 Expanded Floodplains ........................................................................................................... 3 1.1.7 Reduced Surface Storage ...................................................................................................... 3 1.1.8 Decreased Ground Water Recharge .................................................................................... -
TWIN VALLEY TRAIL MILEAGE One of the Best Fossil Collecting Spots in Ohio, Including Species Dating Back 450 Million Years
Overnight Parking at Sled Hill Parking Lot for Twin Valley Backpack Trail Users 0.45 1.81 Map design provided by Great Miami Outfitters. Downtown Miamisburg greatmiamioutfitters.com 0.69 0.6 0.1 0.11 0.13 1.5 0.07 0.11 Twin Valley Overnight Parking 0.13 at Spillway Parking Lot for 0.06 Welcome Center Twin Valley Backpack Trail Users TWINVALLEY 0.1 0.16 Dam Old Mill Spillway Frontcountry Camp 0.38 TRAIL Bob Siebenthaler Natural Area 0.26 0.92 1.1 Limestone 0.07 0.27 Outcrops GERMANTOWN& 0.1 0.1 0.84 TWINCREEKMETROPARKS 0.49 0.7 0.39 1.6 0.7 POINTS OF INTEREST Shimps Hollow Frontcountry Camp 1 TWIN VALLEY WELCOME CENTER In late summer 2015, Five Rivers MetroParks will begin 0.1 transitioning the Germantown Nature Center to Water Availability Cedar Ridge is a dry camp a new welcome center. Hikers will be able to get Cedar Ridge Nearest Water Backcountry Natural Source water, use restrooms and take shelter from inclement Campsites · South on the main trail (Twin Creek) weather 24/7 at the center. Visit metroparks.org/ tvwelcomecenter for more info and dates. .6 2 OLD FOREST The largest tract of old woods in Montgomery County, it provides habitat to many species, including orchids, brown creepers and summer taningers. Water Availability Oak Ridge has a seasonal stream and pond Nearest Water 3 VALLEY OVERLOOK Seasonal potable water · Nature Center/Picnic This platform offers spectacular views of Twin 0.58 Creek Valley and Germantown MetroPark. 4 DAM SPILLWAY 1.03 The spillway provides crucial water storage depth in case of extreme flooding. -
Pre-Disaster Mitigation Floodwall Projects Cities of Marseilles, Ottawa, and Peru, Lasalle County, Illinois Village of Depue, Bureau County, Illinois January 2018
Final Programmatic Environmental Assessment Pre-Disaster Mitigation Floodwall Projects Cities of Marseilles, Ottawa, and Peru, LaSalle County, Illinois Village of DePue, Bureau County, Illinois January 2018 Prepared by Booz Allen Hamilton 8283 Greensboro Drive McLean, VA 22102 Prepared for FEMA Region V 536 South Clark Street, Sixth Floor Chicago, IL 60605 Photo attributes: Top left: City of Ottawa Top right: City of Peru Bottom left: City of Marseilles Bottom right: Village of DePue Pre-Disaster Mitigation Floodwall Projects Page ii January 2018 Programmatic Environmental Assessment Acronyms and Abbreviations List of Acronyms and Abbreviations oC Degrees Celsius ACHP Advisory Council on Historic Preservation AD Anno Domini AIRFA American Indian Religious Freedom Act APE Area of Potential Effect ARPA Archaeological Resources Protection Act of 1979 BFE Base Flood Elevation BLM Bureau of Land Management BMP Best Management Practice BP Before Present CAA Clean Air Act CEQ Council on Environmental Quality C.F.R. Code of Federal Regulations CLOMR Conditional Letter of Map Revision CRS Community Rating System CWA Clean Water Act CWS Community Water Supplies dB decibels EA Environmental Assessment EO Executive Order EPA Environmental Protection Agency ESA Endangered Species Act FEMA Federal Emergency Management Agency FIRM Flood Insurance Rate Map Pre-Disaster Mitigation Floodwall Projects Page iii January 2018 Programmatic Environmental Assessment Acronyms and Abbreviations FONSI Finding of No Significant Impact FPPA Farmland Protection Policy -
Classifying Rivers - Three Stages of River Development
Classifying Rivers - Three Stages of River Development River Characteristics - Sediment Transport - River Velocity - Terminology The illustrations below represent the 3 general classifications into which rivers are placed according to specific characteristics. These categories are: Youthful, Mature and Old Age. A Rejuvenated River, one with a gradient that is raised by the earth's movement, can be an old age river that returns to a Youthful State, and which repeats the cycle of stages once again. A brief overview of each stage of river development begins after the images. A list of pertinent vocabulary appears at the bottom of this document. You may wish to consult it so that you will be aware of terminology used in the descriptive text that follows. Characteristics found in the 3 Stages of River Development: L. Immoor 2006 Geoteach.com 1 Youthful River: Perhaps the most dynamic of all rivers is a Youthful River. Rafters seeking an exciting ride will surely gravitate towards a young river for their recreational thrills. Characteristically youthful rivers are found at higher elevations, in mountainous areas, where the slope of the land is steeper. Water that flows over such a landscape will flow very fast. Youthful rivers can be a tributary of a larger and older river, hundreds of miles away and, in fact, they may be close to the headwaters (the beginning) of that larger river. Upon observation of a Youthful River, here is what one might see: 1. The river flowing down a steep gradient (slope). 2. The channel is deeper than it is wide and V-shaped due to downcutting rather than lateral (side-to-side) erosion. -
North Farm Creek and Dry Run Tributary Implementation Plan
North Farm Creek and Dry Run Tributary Implementation Plan By: Tetra Tech 1468 West 9th Street, Suite 620 Cleveland, OH 44113 In support of: EPA Contract Number EP-C-11-009 Work Assignment 1-29 U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Region 5 77 W. Jackson Blvd. Chicago, IL 60604 December 2012 North Farm Creek and Dry Run Tributary Implementation Plan Page ii Contents 1. Introduction ............................................................................................................................... 1 1.1 TMDL/LRS Summary ............................................................................................................. 1 1.2 Watershed Plan Requirements - Nine Key Elements................................................................. 6 1.3 Implementation Plan Approach ................................................................................................ 7 1.3.1 Nonstructural Management Opportunities ....................................................................... 8 1.3.2 Structural Management Opportunities ............................................................................. 8 2. Implementation Partners and Existing Implementation Efforts ............................................ 10 2.1 Implementation Partners ........................................................................................................ 10 2.2 Existing Implementation Efforts ............................................................................................ 11 2.2.1 Honoring our Water Stormwater Plan .......................................................................... -
Chapter 11 – Glossary of Terms
CHAPTER 11 GLOSSARY OF TERMS WORD DEFINITION SOURCE Active Channel The channel that contains the discharge Leopold where channel maintenance is most effective, sediment are actively transported and deposited, and that are capable of containing most flows. Active channels are located within the area bounded by bankfull stages. Active Flood plain Low lying areas built by watercourse Collaborative, sediment depositions between top of bank Leopold that are adjacent to a watercourse and that have been constructed by the present river in the present climate. These areas are susceptible to frequent inundation during moderate and higher flows when the active channel’s capacity is exceeded. Active floodplains are most prominent along low- gradient, meandering reaches and are often absent or undistinguishable along steeper sloped stream channels. Active Recreation Includes sports fields, recreation centers, tot San Jose lots, play equipment, multi-use courts, etc. Riparian Should not be located within riparian area. Corridor Policy USER MANUAL: GUIDELINES + STANDARDS FOR LAND USE NEAR STREAMS 11.1 GLOSSARY OF TERMS GLOSSARY OF TERMS WORD DEFINITION SOURCE Bankfull stage Bankfull stage is the point at which the flow Water just begins to enter the active floodplain. Resources Accurate measurements have been Protection conducted on gaged streams, however, in Collaborative, absence of historical hydrological records Leopold there are a number of field indicators that can be used to identify bankfull stages with a great deal of accuracy: • An abrupt change in the slope of the stream channel, usually from a vertical plane to a horizontal plane on top of the floodplain. • The bankfull stage is usually marked by a change in vegetation such as the change from gravel bars to forbs, herbs, or grasses. -
Interview with Robert Mandeville # IST-A-L-2013-103 Interview # 1: December 6, 2013 Interviewer: Mike Czaplicki
Interview with Robert Mandeville # IST-A-L-2013-103 Interview # 1: December 6, 2013 Interviewer: Mike Czaplicki COPYRIGHT The following material can be used for educational and other non-commercial purposes without the written permission of the Abraham Lincoln Presidential Library. “Fair use” criteria of Section 107 of the Copyright Act of 1976 must be followed. These materials are not to be deposited in other repositories, nor used for resale or commercial purposes without the authorization from the Audio-Visual Curator at the Abraham Lincoln Presidential Library, 112 N. 6th Street, Springfield, Illinois 62701. Telephone (217) 785-7955 Czaplicki: Today is Friday, December 6, 2013. My name is Mike Czaplicki. I'm the project historian for the Governor Thompson Oral History Project here at the Abraham Lincoln Presidential Library. I'm with Dr. Robert Mandeville, who was Governor Thompson's budget director for most of his tenure. He's been gracious enough to come in on a very cold day and sit down and chat with us. Thank you, Bob. Mandeville: You're welcome. Czaplicki: We always like to start at the beginning with these things and ask, when and where were you born? Mandeville: Nineteen thirty-one, April 29, in Jacksonville, Illinois. Czaplicki: What is this document we're looking at here? Is this a scrapbook of yours? An autobiography?1 Mandeville: Yes, written about three years ago. Czaplicki: Unpublished? Mandeville: Unpublished, yes. I wrote it for my kids and my grandkids. Czaplicki: Oh, excellent. I'd like to take a look at that at some point in some more detail. -
The History of the ILLINOIS RIVER and the Decline of a NATIVE SPECIES by Paige A
The history of the ILLINOIS RIVER and the decline of a NATIVE SPECIES BY PAIGE A. METTLER-CHERRY AND MARIAN SMITH 34 | The Confluence | Fall 2009 A very important advantage, and one which some, perhaps, will find it hard to credit, is that we could easily go to Florida in boats, and by a very good navigation. There would be but one canal to make … Louis Joliet, 1674, making the earliest known proposal to alter the Illinois River (Hurlbut 1881) Emiquon National Wildlife Refuge as it appears today. The corn and soybean fields (see page 38) have been replaced by the reappearance of Thompson and Flag lakes. The refuge already teems with wildlife, including many species of migrating waterfowl, wading birds, deer, and re-introduced native fish species. (Photo: Courtesy of the author) Fall 2009 | The Confluence | 35 Large river ecosystems are perhaps the most modified systems in The lower Illinois Valley is much older than the upper and has the world, with nearly all of the world’s 79 large river ecosystems been glaciated several times. The Illinoisan ice sheet covered much altered by human activities (Sparks 1995). In North America, of Illinois, stopping 19.9 miles north of the Ohio River. The effects the Illinois River floodplain has been extensively modified and of the glacier are easily seen when comparing the flat agricultural the flood pulse, or annual flood regime, of the river is distorted fields of central and northern Illinois, which the glacier covered, as a result of human activity (Sparks, Nelson, and Yin 1998). to the Shawnee Hills of southern Illinois, where the glacier did Although many view flooding as an unwanted destructive force of not reach.