El Cono Sur: Paraguay Nombre: ______Apellido: ______Hora: ______

Actividad 1 – Video Globe Trekker (Paraguay and Uruguay) (Profes, Paraguay Starts @ 26:50) 1. What is the capital of Paraguay? ______2. These days, it is one of the ______visited countries in South America. 3. (Asución) may be one of the ______settlements in South America, but little remains of Asunción’s past. 4. What are a few of the foods/dishes that Holly discovers at the restaurant in Asunción? Describe the following items: a. Sopa paraguaya: b. Sopa de pescado: 5. One of (Paraguay’s) darkest periods occurred between 1954 and ______when the country suffered a brutal dictatorship headed by the grandson of a ______immigrant: General Alfredo Stroessner. 6. With the support of the United States government, Stroessner established a repressive regime aimed at hunting down and eliminating alleged ______and subversives. 7. For how long did the government hold some of the alleged communists and subversives in prison? ______8. How is Tereré (the Paraguayan version of mate) different from traditional mate? ______9. How do most people get around the country of Paraguay? ______10. Known as “a playground for the rich and famous,” the lake that Holly crosses is called ______. 11. In the late 1800’s German immigrants settled a community that is now called ______. 12. In 1870 Paraguay suffered the Triple-Alliance war with Brazil, Uruguay, and Argentina. Paraguay then after losing ______% of their population, the country opened their doors to immigrants. 13. Though most colonies were unsuccessful in their Uptopian visions, the ______colony evolved in disturbing ways. The first ______outside of Germany was formed in San Bernadino. 14. Young Germans in the colony established relations with ______, which didn’t fit with Hitler’s Utopian vision. HHS Spanish Dept. Conocimiento Cultural Creado por Paz 2016-17 15. Not all Germans who settled in Paraguay were Nazis, but the German cemetery of San Bernadino is said to contain the remains of ______. 16. Paraguay has hosted many groups of immigrants. Who were the first immigrant communities to arrive to the country of Paraguay? ______and the Christian missionaries (Catholic Jesuits) 17. With just two or three priests at each mission, the ______created a sanctuary from the slave trade, where the Guaraní could live, work, and study. 18. The Aché are among the last ______in the rainforests of Paraguay. 19. Describe the “traditional way” that the Aché hunt in the Mbaracayú reserve. ______20. Why does Holly have to do a “jig” in the middle of the reserve? ______21. What do Holly and the group of Aché eat in the Mbaracayú reserve? ______22. What is the best part of the armadillo to eat? ______23. What does “armadillo” mean in Spanish? ______

Actividad 2 – Geografía Parte 1: Paraguay forms part of the continent of South America. Look at the view of the country (Enlace) and answer the questions that follow. Scroll/zoom around on the map if you need to. 1. Is Paraguay north or south of the equator? ______

2. What countries does it border? ______

3. Look at the satellite view of Paraguay. What kind of land is Paraguay mostly comprised of?

______

4. Paraguay’s borders are determined largely by three rivers. What are their names?

______

5. One river divides this country into two different geographical climates. What is the name of this river?

______

HHS Spanish Dept. Conocimiento Cultural Creado por Paz 2016-17 Parte 2: View the street views below by clicking on the appropriate links. Use the street view mode to look around the picture view and answer the questions that follow. 6. Street view 1 (Asunción, Paraguay): Describe where you are standing. What do you notice about the buildings and geographical landscape of Asuncion from this view? ______

______

7. Street view 2 (Encarnación, Paraguay): Describe where you are standing. What do you see from this view? ______

______

Actividad 3 – Idioma (información al fondo y aprender guaraní)

Parte 1 – lee la lectura abajo y contesta las preguntas siguientes

Adapted from “About the language of Guarani” By Irene Thompson Updated December 11, 2015 http://aboutworldlanguages.com/guarani Overview: Guaraní (avañe’ẽ) belongs to the Tupi-Guaraní family of South America. It is spoken by 4.6 million people in Paraguay, Argentina, Bolivia, and Brazil. These languages are spoken by people who inhabit a vast area in the Amazon forest in Brazilian states and Paraguay in the south, and from the Atlantic coast in the east to the Andes of Bolivia and Peru in the west. Despite their geographical spread, the differences between the languages is relatively small, making it possible for the Portuguese Jesuits to develop a língua geral ‘common language’ which could be understood by everyone. The history and meaning of the name Guarani is a subject of dispute due to lack of historical records. Prior to the arrival of Spanish conquistadors, the Guarani people referred to themselves as Aba ‘men’. The term Guaraní was originally applied by early Jesuit missionaries to refer to natives who had accepted conversion to Christianity.

Status: Guaraní enjoys official status in several South American countries:  Bolivia. Guarani shares official status along with Spanish, Aymara, and 34 other indigenous languages.  Paraguay. Guarani shares official status with Spanish. Around two-thirds of the Paraguayan population speak Guaraní. Paraguay’s constitution is bilingual, and school textbooks are typically half in Spanish and half in Guaraní. The two languages are considered equal. The linguistic situation in Paraguay, however, is quite complicated because almost nobody in Paraguay speaks ‘pure Spanish’ or ‘pure Guaraní’. Rather most people code-switch between Spanish and Guaraní. At one extreme, better educated and more urbanized people tend to speak Spanish with a small amount of Guaraní. At the other extreme, less educated and more rural indigenous people tend to speak Guaraní with many Spanish words. This latter mix is called Jopará. It is estimated that over half of Paraguay’s rural population speaks Jopará. Speakers of Guaraní who are not fluent in Spanish have restricted opportunities for education and employment.  Argentina. Guaraní is the second official language, along with Spanish, of the Argentine province of Corrientes. HHS Spanish Dept. Conocimiento Cultural Creado por Paz 2016-17

Preguntas con la lectura “About the Language of Guaraní” 1. How many people speak Guaraní in Paraguay, Argentina, Bolivia, and Brazil? ______2. What did the Guarani people originally refer themselves as, before the arrival of the Spanish conquistadores? ______3. How much of the Paraguayan population speaks Guraraní? ______4. Explain why “no one speaks ‘pure Spanish’ or ‘pure Guaraní.’” ______5. Complete the table below to try and identify some words that English has borrowed from Guaraní (via Portuguese) English from Guaraní

pira nya, variant of pira’ya, literally ‘scissors’ tapira, name of the animal acajuba, name of the tree that produces the nut tipioca, from tipi ‘residue, dregs’ + og, ok ‘to squeeze out’ (from roots of the cassava plant) aguara, name of any large beast of prey

Parte 2 – Video: Curso de guaraní lección 1 (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=82y6qhzbSao) Escribe lo que significan las frases en guaraní: 1. Puama: ______6. Ikavinungaño: ______2. Kaaruma: ______7. Ikaviӓ: ______3. Pɨtuma: ______8. Nde no: ______4. Kereïpa reï: ______9. Ajayema: ______5. Ikavi: ______10. Ereï: ______

HHS Spanish Dept. Conocimiento Cultural Creado por Paz 2016-17 Actividad 4 – La comida paraguaya (Web Search) http://www.tembiuparaguay.com/ Search the website linked above for information on some of Paraguay’s most popular foods.

Parte 1… Skim – using the pictures and sections you see, what do the following terms mean in English? 1. Caldo

2. Bizcocho

3. Masas

4. Chipa guasu

Parte 2… Sopa Paraguaya – find a recipe for “Sopa Paraguaya” from the same website 1. List the ingredients (in English) used to make it below:

2. What is the texture of sopa paraguaya?

Actividad 5 – El Ritual de Terere (canción por Bohemia Urbana) Antes de ver el video 1. What is “el tereré?” ______2. How is it served? ______

Después de ver el video y mirar la letra completa (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2zN0_upTilM) 3. Where is this music video filmed? ______4. What is the significance of the video’s location? ______5. What is the main message of this song? ______

HHS Spanish Dept. Conocimiento Cultural Creado por Paz 2016-17 Actividad 6 – Asaje pyte http://zachary-jones.com/zambombazo/cortometraje-asaje-pyte/

1. Mira el cortometraje (video) “Asaje pyte” 2. Order the scenes below by numbering them 1-5.

___ En medio de la siesta, los niños juegan a las escondidas (hide-and-seek). ___ La abuela advierte (warns) a su nieta sobre Jasy Jatere. ___ La nieta se deja llevar por la curiosidad y sale de su casa. ___ Teresita oye un silbido (whistle). Entra el maizal (cornfield). Los niños la buscan. ___ La abuela le cuenta una historia a su nieta y le cepilla el pelo

3. In English, write a summary of the mito “Jasy Jatere” (3-5 sentences).

4. Da tu opinion del cortometraje usando el gráfico abajo.

HHS Spanish Dept. Conocimiento Cultural Creado por Paz 2016-17