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Violence Against Indigenous Peoples in Brazil DATA for 2016

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Violence Against Indigenous Peoples in Brazil DATA for 2016 DATA FOR 2016 DATA Peoples in Brazil Peoples Violence against Indigenous Violence REPORT REPORT Violence against Indigenous Peoples in Brazil DATA FOR 2016 REPORT Violence against Indigenous Peoples in Brazil D ATA FOR 2016 REPORT Violence against Indigenous Peoples in Brazil D ATA FOR 2016 This publication was supported by Rosa Luxemburg Foundation with funds from the Federal Ministry for Economic and German Development Cooperation (BMZ). SUPPORT EMBASSY OF NORWAY This report is published by the Indigenist Missionary Council (Conselho Indigenista Missionário - Cimi), an entity attached to the National Conference of Brazilian Bishops (Conferência Nacional dos Bispos do Brasil - CNBB) PRESIDENT Dom Roque Paloschi www.cimi.org.br REPORT Violence against Indigenous Peoples in Brazil – Data for 2016 ISSN 1984-7645 RESEARCH COORDINATOR Lúcia Helena Rangel RESERACH AND DATA SURVEY CIMI Regional Offices and CIMI Documentation Center ORGANIZATION OF DATA TABLES Eduardo Holanda, Leda Bosi and Marluce Ângelo da Silva REVIEW OF DATA TABLES Lúcia Helena Rangel and Roberto Antonio Liebgott IMAGE SELECTION Aida Cruz EDITING Patrícia Bonilha LAYOUT Licurgo S. Botelho COVER PHOTO Funeral of Health Agent Clodiodi Aquileu Guarani-Kaiowá Photo: Ana Mendes his edition is dedicated to the memory of TLéia Aquino, a tireless fighter for the rights of the Guarani-Kaiowá people, especially the Ñhanderu Marangatu communities. In June 2016 she joined Marçal, Dorvalino, Semião and thousands of fighters among her people who died in the fight and hope to conquer Terra Sem Males (Land Without Evil). Léia was a mother, teacher and one of the main leaders of the Aty Guasu Guarani and Kaiowá peoples throughout the 21st century. She gave voice to an endless number of reports of violence and violations of indigenous rights involving farmers, the police and governments. She also devoted herself to the fight for the right to education. She took part in the Convention on Indigenous Rights of Mato Grosso do Sul and was one of the founders of the Continental Council of the Guarani Nation (CNNAGUA). Léia will always be alive in the memory of the resistance and certainly will further encourage the affirmation of the rights and projects not only of the Guarani-Kaiowá people, but of all indigenous peoples in Brazil. SUMMARY PREFACE CHAPTER II e 8 Th indigenous issue in Brazil: Violence against the Person between omission and cynicism 7 7 Murder Dom Roque Paloschi 85 Attempted murder 11 Integration in sight: violence against indigenous 89 Involuntary manslaughter people and the coup plot in Brazil 91 Death threat Cleber César Buzatto 94 Various threats INTRODUCTION 96 Aggravated battery 15 Disputes over political power increase 98 Abuse of power violence against indigenous peoples 100 Racism and ethnic-cultural discrimination Lucia Helena Rangel and Roberto Antonio Liebgott 103 Sexual violence ARTICLES 18 UAn Unconstitutional Time Frame: not one right less Adelar Cupsinski, Alessandra Farias Pereira, Miotto Tiago Íris Pereira Guedes, Rafael Modesto dos Santos, Roberto Antônio Liebgott 22 Ruralists (agribusiness lobby) pressure FUNAI and smother indigenous rights both economically and politically Ricardo Verdum 28 Abandoned and objectified, indigenous peoples live exiled between fences and roads Roberto Liebgotti 30 Why it is so hard to fight violence against indigenous women in Brazil Ana Beatriz Rosa 35 Get out of the way ‘cause here comes the Vale train! Violations and Illegality in the Expansion of Carajás Railroad Rosana de Jesus Diniz Santos CHAPTER I Violence against Heritage 3 4 Omission and delays in land regularization 63 Conflicts relating to territorial rights 66 Possessory invasion, illegal exploitation of natural resources and other forms of damage to heritage REPORT – Violence against Indigenous Peoples in Brazil – Data for 2016 Indigenist Missionary Council (Conselho Indigenista Missionário - Cimi) 6 CHAPTER III CHAPTER IV Violence due to Government Omission Violence against Isolated and Semi-Isolated Indigenous Peoples 106 Suicide 132 A big question mark hangs over the future 107 Lack of health care of isolated indigenous peoples 134 List of Isolated Indigenous Peoples in Brazil 114 Death due to lack of health care 115 Child mortality CHAPTER V 116 Spread of alcohol and other drugs Memory and Justice 117 Lack of support for indigenous school education 141 From the National Truth Commission to the 2016 Coup: the denial of Transitional Justice 123 General lack of support ANNEX 146 Summary of Violence against Indigenous Peoples in Brazil PREAFACE The indigenous issue in Brazil: between omission and cynicism Dom Roque Paloschi* “But let justice roll down like waters and righteousness like an ever-flowing stream” (Amos 5,24) n this report, the Indigenist Missionary Council (CIMI) ties choose to no longer wait for an inert government to provides data and information about dramatic realities, promote the guarantee of their rights and decide to mobilize Iin which acts of violence against indigenous peoples are in demonstrations or actions to retake part of their lands. becoming increasingly over the top and far too frequent. We understand that the increase in violence is a The number of communities subjected to absolute aban- response to, among other things, the fiery speeches of donment grows as regards both the effective guarantee government officials who scorn, mock or disrespect the of their constitutional rights – which are materialized in constitutional rights of original and traditional peoples the demarcation of their lands – and aspects related to and communities, and deliberately encourage farmers protection and respect for human life and dignity. to use any means to deter the initiatives of collectivities The data presented show that the political turmoil that have been historically disrespected and robbed of currently engulfing the country has also left its mark in their rights. As if the racism that sadly persists in Brazilian the direction of indigenous policy: until April 2016, we society were not enough, publicly stimulated intolerance witnessed the continuation of a strategy of omission aimed has portrayed indigenous peoples as threats and led to to accommodate the corporate and political interests of increasingly brutal attacks. sectors that the Dilma Rousseff government had close ties Persecutions against indigenous and quilombola with – agribusiness, large landed estates and mining elites. (descendants of runaway slaves) peoples, landless workers, In the following months a wave of hatred and entities and institutions that provide support and solidarity wrath against indigenous peoples swept over the country, to social and ethnic groups have increased and reached because of the cynicism of a coup-plotting government dangerous proportions, to the extent that any form of that nurtured certain strategies aimed at expropriating collective expression and action is criminalized, and every indigenous lands. Reactionary politicians spearheaded expression of solidarity and support becomes suspicious. by President Michel Temer began to obstruct the work of This scenario of persecutions brings back to mind the painful state agencies responsible for implementing actions and times Brazilians experienced during dictatorial regimes. services for and within indigenous communities. This type of intervention led to the spread of acts of violence like death threats, attacks against indigenous communities, Persecutions against indigenous and killings, logging, and forest destruction, among others, as quilombola“ peoples, landless workers, entities well as of renewed ways to disseminate intolerance. and institutions that provide support and We are extremely concerned about these acts of solidarity to social and ethnic groups have intolerance and racism against indigenous peoples voiced increased and reached dangerous proportions, by anonymous individuals, on social media and in the to the extent that any form of collective speeches of Congress members, journalists, and radio and expression and action is criminalized, and television commentators. This growing wave of disrespect for indigenous peoples worsens when news about disputes every expression of solidarity and support over land demarcation is published or when communi- becomes suspicious” * President of the Indigenist Missionary Council (CIMI) and archbishop of Porto Velho REPORT – Violence against Indigenous Peoples in Brazil – Data for 2016 Indigenist Missionary Council (Conselho Indigenista Missionário - Cimi) 8 “The indigenous cause must mobilize us because it is a cause for justice, life and dignity” Photo: Ana Mendes A second Parliamentary Inquiry Commission (CPI) into and for the effective guarantee of the constitutional rights the activities of the National Foundation for Indigenous of indigenous and traditional peoples and communities. People (FUNAI) and the National Institute of Colonization In the face of so many acts of violence and violations and Agrarian Reform (INCRA) was re-discussed and set up against native peoples, we must echo the words of Pope in the Chamber of Deputies in 2016. This CPI served as a Francis, who challenges the world by stating that “For political space intended almost exclusively to criminalize them, land is not a commodity but rather a gift from God all those in favor of the demarcation and titling of lands and from their ancestors who rest there, a sacred space with for indigenous and quilombola peoples and those who which they need to interact if they are to maintain
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