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Distribution, Natural History and Conservation Status of Two
Bird Conservation International (2008) 18:331–348. ª BirdLife International 2008 doi:10.1017/S0959270908007491 Printed in the United Kingdom Distribution, natural history and conservation status of two endemics of the Bolivian Yungas, Bolivian Recurvebill Simoxenops striatus and Yungas Antwren Myrmotherula grisea SEBASTIAN K. HERZOG, A. BENNETT HENNESSEY, MICHAEL KESSLER and VI´CTOR H. GARCI´A-SOLI´Z Summary Since their description in the first half of the 20th century by M. A. Carriker, Bolivian Recurvebill Simoxenops striatus and Yungas Antwren Myrmotherula grisea have been regarded as extremely poorly known endemics of the Bolivian Yungas and adjacent humid foothill forests. They are considered ‘Vulnerable’ under the IUCN criteria of small population, predicted population decline (criterion C2a) and, in the case of Bolivian Recurvebill, small extent of occurrence (criteria B1a+b). Here we summarise the information published to date and present extensive new data on the distribution (including the first records for extreme southeast Peru), natural history, population size and conservation status of both species based on field work in the Bolivian Andes over the past 12 years. Both species primarily inhabit the understorey of primary and mid-aged to older regenerating forest and regularly join mixed-species foraging flocks of insectivorous birds. Bolivian Recurvebill has a strong preference for Guadua bamboo, but it is not an obligate bamboo specialist and persists at often much lower densities in forests without Guadua. Yungas Antwren seems to have a preference for dense, structurally complex under- storey, often with Chusquea bamboo. Both species are distributed much more continuously at altitudes of mostly 600–1,500 m, occupy a greater variety of forest types (wet, humid, semi- deciduous forest) and have a much greater population size than previously thought. -
From “Invisible Natives” to an “Irruption of Indigenous Identity”? Two Decades of Change Among the Tacana in the Northern Bolivian Amazon
View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE Sondra Wentzel provided by Institutional Repository of the Ibero-American Institute, Berlin From “invisible natives” to an “irruption of indigenous identity”? Two decades of change among the Tacana in the northern Bolivian Amazon “Al final nos dimos cuenta todos que éramos tacanas” (Tacana leader 2001, quoted in Herrera 2009: 1). 1. Introduction: The Tacana In the mid 1980s, a time of redemocratization and structural adjustment policies in Bolivia, consultations about a region suitable for field research on the situation of indigenous peoples in the context of “Amazonian development” led me to the Province of Iturralde in the lowland north of the Department of La Paz (Figure 1). The culture of its indigenous inhabitants, the Tacana,1 had been documented by German researchers in the early 1950s (Hissink & Hahn 1961; 1984). Also, under the motto La Marcha al Norte, the region was the focus of large infrastructure and agro industrial projects which had already stimulated spontaneous colonization, but local people had little information about these activities nor support to defend their rights and interests. Between 1985 and 1988, I conducted about a year of village level field re- search in the region, mainly in Tumupasa, an ex-Franciscan mission among the Tacana founded in 1713 and transferred to its current location around 1770, San- ta Ana, a mixed community founded in 1971, and 25 de Mayo, a highland colonist cooperative whose members had settled between Tumupasa and Santa Ana from 1979 1 Tacana branch of the Pano-Tacanan language family, whose other current members are the Araona, Cavineño, Ese Ejja, and Reyesano (Maropa). -
Bolivia Biodiversity Conservation Projzct (Bcp)
GLOBAL ENVIRONMENT FACILITY IOU3-3o Public Disclosure Authorized Bolivia BiodiversityConservation Public Disclosure Authorized Public Disclosure Authorized ProjectDocument March 1992 Public Disclosure Authorized THEWORLD BANK CURRENCYAND EOUIVALENTS Currency Unit - Boliviano (Bs) ExchangeRate Effective June 1992 US$1.00 = Bs 3.8992 US$0.2665 = Bs 1.00 WEIGHTSAND MEASURES Metric System GOVERNMENTOF BOLIVIA FISCAL YEAR January 1 - December 31 GLOSSARYOF ABBREVIATIONS BII - Bolivian Indigenous Institute CDC - Centro de Datos para la Conservacion CIDOB - Indigenous Indian Federation SDC - Swiss Development Cooperation DNAPVS - NationalDirectorate for Protected Areas EAP - Environmental Action Plan FAN - Friends of Nature Foundation FONAMA - Fondo NacionalPara El Medio Ambiente (NationalEnvironmental Fund) GEF - Global Environment Facility GET - Global Environment Trust Fund GOB - Government of Bolivia SEDEMAS - DepartmentalEnvironmental Offices SENMA - Secretaria Nacionaldel Medio Ambiente (NationalEnvironmental Secretariat) SNAP - National Systemof Protected Areas UNDP - United NationsDevelopment Program BOLIVIA BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION PROJZCT (BCP) Grant and Progect Summary Grantor: Global Environment Trust Fund (GET) Grant Recipient: Government of Bolivia Beneficiaries: National Environmental Secretariat (SENMA) National Environmental Fund (FONAMA) Amount: SDR 3.1 million (US$4.5 million equivalent) Terma: Grant Financing Plan: GET US$ 4.5 million Swiss Development Cooperation (SDC) USS 3.9 million TOTAL USS 8.4 million Economic Rate of Return: N.A. Map: IBRD 23957R BOLIVIA BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION Background 1. Bolivia is one of the most important countries in Latin America for the conservation of biodiversity, not only because the ecosystems in many areas are still pristine, but because it contains about 18,000 species of plants and 1,274 species of birds (very high for a landlocked country). It has a high index of endemism. -
Indigenous and Tribal People's Rights Over Their Ancestral Lands
INTER‐AMERICAN COMMISSION ON HUMAN RIGHTS OEA/Ser.L/V/II. Doc. 56/09 30 December 2009 Original: Spanish INDIGENOUS AND TRIBAL PEOPLES’ RIGHTS OVER THEIR ANCESTRAL LANDS AND NATURAL RESOURCES Norms and Jurisprudence of the Inter‐American Human Rights System 2010 Internet: http://www.cidh.org E‐mail: [email protected] OAS Cataloging‐in‐Publication Data Derechos de los pueblos indígenas y tribales sobre sus tierras ancestrales y recursos naturales: Normas y jurisprudencia del sistema interamericano de derechos humanos = Indigenous and tribal people’s rights over their ancestral lands and natural resources: Norms and jurisprudence of the Inter‐American human rights system / [Inter‐American Commission on Human Rights.] p. ; cm. (OEA documentos oficiales ; OEA/Ser.L)(OAS official records ; OEA/Ser.L) ISBN 978‐0‐8270‐5580‐3 1. Human rights‐‐America. 2. Indigenous peoples‐‐Civil rights‐‐America. 3. Indigenous peoples‐‐Land tenure‐‐America. 4. Indigenous peoples‐‐Legal status, laws, etc.‐‐America. 5. Natural resources‐‐Law and legislation‐‐America. I. Inter‐American Commission on Human Rights. II Series. III. Series. OAS official records ; OEA/Ser.L. OEA/Ser.L/V/II. Doc.56/09 Document published thanks to the financial support of Denmark and Spain Positions herein expressed are those of the Inter‐American Commission on Human Rights and do not reflect the views of Denmark or Spain Approved by the Inter‐American Commission on Human Rights on December 30, 2009 INTER‐AMERICAN COMMISSION ON HUMAN RIGHTS MEMBERS Luz Patricia Mejía Guerrero Víctor E. Abramovich Felipe González Sir Clare Kamau Roberts Paulo Sérgio Pinheiro Florentín Meléndez Paolo G. Carozza ****** Executive Secretary: Santiago A. -
The Hispanization of Chamacoco Syntax
DOI: 10.26346/1120-2726-170 The hispanization of Chamacoco syntax Luca Ciucci Language and Culture Research Centre, James Cook University, Australia <[email protected]> This paper investigates contact-driven syntactic change in Chamacoco (a.k.a. Ɨshɨr ahwoso), a Zamucoan language with about 2,000 speakers in Paraguay. Chamacoco syntax was originally characterized by a low number of conjunc- tions, like its cognate Ayoreo. Although Chamacoco shows transfers from other neighboring languages, a turning point in language change was the beginning of regular contacts with Western society around the year 1885. Since then, Spanish has exerted a growing influence on Chamacoco, affecting all levels of linguistic analysis. Most speakers are today Chamacoco-Spanish bilingual, and the lan- guage is endangered. Chamacoco has borrowed some conjunctions from Spanish, and new clause combining strategies have replaced older syntactic structures. Other function words introduced from Spanish include temporal adverbs, dis- course markers, quantifiers and prepositions. I discuss their uses, the reasons for their borrowing and their interaction with original Chamacoco function words. Some borrowed function words can combine with autochthonous conjunctions to create new subordinators that are calques from Spanish compound subor- dinating conjunctions. This resulted in remarkable syntactic complexification. Chamacoco comparatives, modeled on the Spanish ones, are also likely instances of contact-induced complexification, since there are reasons to surmise that Chamacoco originally lacked dedicated comparative structures. Keywords: Chamacoco, clause combining, comparatives, coordination, function words, language contact, South American Indigenous languages, subordination, syntax, Zamucoan. 1. Introduction This study analyzes the influence exerted by Spanish on the syntax of Chamacoco, a Zamucoan language of northern Paraguay. -
Modes of Dispossession of Indigenous Lands and Territories in Africa
Modes of Dispossession of Indigenous Lands and Territories in Africa Elifuraha I. Laltaika1 and Kelly M. Askew2 I. Background and context3 The 2003 Report of Working Group on Indigenous Populations/Communities (WGIP) of the African Commission on Human and Peoples’ Rights (ACHPR) recognized the existence of multiple indigenous peoples in Africa primarily consisting of pastoralists (e.g., Pokot, Maasai, Barbaig, Karamajong, Samburu, Turkana, Afar, Borana, Tuareg, and Fulani) and hunter-gatherers (e.g., Batwa, Hadzabe, Ogiek and San). These peoples require access to land and water resources in their ancestral territories to pursue their legally protected ways of life per the 2007 UN Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples (UNDRIP). However, powerful transnational corporations and conservation organizations—both typically aligned with local political and economic elites—were already identified in the 2003 WGIP report as a threat to indigenous lands, resources and livelihoods: Dispossession of land and natural resources is a major human rights problem for indigenous peoples. They have in so many cases been pushed out of their traditional areas to give way for the economic interests of other more dominant groups and to large scale development initiatives that tend to destroy their lives and cultures rather than improve their situation. Establishment of protected areas and national parks have impoverished indigenous pastoralist and hunter-gatherer communities, made them vulnerable and unable to cope with environmental uncertainty and in many cases even displaced them. Large-scale extraction of natural resources such as logging, mining, dam construction, oil drilling and pipeline construction have had very negative impacts on the livelihoods of indigenous pastoralist and hunter-gatherer communities in Africa. -
WWF Contribution to the Thematic Report of the UN Special Rapporteur on Healthy Ecosystems and Human Rights : Sustaining the Foundations of Life
WWF Contribution to the Thematic Report of the UN Special Rapporteur on Healthy Ecosystems and Human Rights : Sustaining the foundations of life Introduction The report of the Special Rapporteur on Human rights and associated obligations related to healthy biodiversity and ecosystems comes at a critical juncture. The COVID19 pandemic has more clearly than ever revealed the deep faults in our global economies and societies: both our staggering inequities and our dangerously unbalanced relationship with nature. We have an opportunity to build a green and just recovery. Ensuring global recognition of the tight bond between human rights and environmental health can leverage the sustainable decisions and actions we need to achieve that. This WWF contribution to the Special Rapporteur’s report aims to support that ambition, one we are equally committed to. It includes contributions from multiple offices across the WWF network.1 Responses to the Special Rapporteur’s questions on healthy ecosystems and human rights. Q.1: Please provide examples of ways in which declining biodiversity and degraded ecosystems are already having adverse impacts on human rights. Declining biodiversity and degraded ecosystems have far reaching and diverse impacts on human rights across the world. Nature degradation, declining natural spaces and degradation of water catchment areas greatly impact the right to a clean and healthy environment and the right to clean water (Examples in Annex: Kenya, Australia, Brazil, Argentina). Declining wildlife populations and destructive fishing practices threaten the right to food and food security for communities whose livelihoods depend on biodiversity (Example in Annex: Malaysia); poaching and unrest can have severe impacts on the security of communities and indigenous populations (Example in Annex: DRC). -
Captive Communities: Situation of the Guaraní Indigenous People and Contemporary Forms of Slavery in the Bolivian Chaco
INTER‐AMERICAN COMMISSION ON HUMAN RIGHTS OEA/Ser.L/V/II. Doc. 58 24 December 2009 Original: Spanish CAPTIVE COMMUNITIES: SITUATION OF THE GUARANÍ INDIGENOUS PEOPLE AND CONTEMPORARY FORMS OF SLAVERY IN THE BOLIVIAN CHACO 2009 Internet: http://www.cidh.org E‐mail: [email protected] OAS Cataloging‐in‐Publication Data Inter‐American Commission on Human Rights. Comunidades cautivas : situación del pueblo indígena guaraní y formas contemporáneas de esclavitud en el Chaco de Bolivia = Captive communities : situation of the Guaraní indigenous people and contemporary forms of slavery in the Bolivian Chaco / Inter‐American Commission on Human Rights. p. ; cm. (OEA documentos oficiales ; OEA/Ser.L)(OAS official records ; OEA/Ser.L) ISBN 978‐0‐8270‐5433‐2 1. Guarani Indians‐‐Human rights‐‐Bolivia‐‐Chaco region. 2. Guarani Indians‐‐Slavery‐‐ Bolivia‐‐Chaco region. 3. Indigenous peoples‐‐Slavery‐‐Bolivia‐‐Chaco region. 4. Indigenous peoples‐‐Human rights‐‐Bolivia. 5. Indigenous peoples‐‐Civil rights‐‐ Bolivia. I. Title. II Series. III. Series. OAS official records ; OEA/Ser.L. OEA/Ser.L/V/II. Doc. 58 Approved by the Inter‐American Commission on Human Rights on December 24, 2009 INTER‐AMERICAN COMMISSION ON HUMAN RIGHTS MEMBERS Luz Patricia Mejía Guerrero Víctor E. Abramovich Felipe González Sir Clare Kamau Roberts Paulo Sérgio Pinheiro Florentín Meléndez Paolo G. Carozza ****** Executive Secretary: Santiago A. Canton Assistant Executive Secretary: Elizabeth Abi‐Mershed The IACHR thanks the Governments of Denmark and Spain for the financial support that made it possible to carry out the working and supervisory visit to Bolivia from June 9 to 13, 2008, as well as the preparation of this report. -
Custodians of Culture and Biodiversity
Custodians of culture and biodiversity Indigenous peoples take charge of their challenges and opportunities Anita Kelles-Viitanen for IFAD Funded by the IFAD Innovation Mainstreaming Initiative and the Government of Finland The opinions expressed in this manual are those of the authors and do not nec - essarily represent those of IFAD. The designations employed and the presenta - tion of material in this publication do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of IFAD concerning the legal status of any country, terri - tory, city or area or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries. The designations “developed” and “developing” countries are in - tended for statistical convenience and do not necessarily express a judgement about the stage reached in the development process by a particular country or area. This manual contains draft material that has not been subject to formal re - view. It is circulated for review and to stimulate discussion and critical comment. The text has not been edited. On the cover, a detail from a Chinese painting from collections of Anita Kelles-Viitanen CUSTODIANS OF CULTURE AND BIODIVERSITY Indigenous peoples take charge of their challenges and opportunities Anita Kelles-Viitanen For IFAD Funded by the IFAD Innovation Mainstreaming Initiative and the Government of Finland Table of Contents Executive summary 1 I Objective of the study 2 II Results with recommendations 2 1. Introduction 2 2. Poverty 3 3. Livelihoods 3 4. Global warming 4 5. Land 5 6. Biodiversity and natural resource management 6 7. Indigenous Culture 7 8. Gender 8 9. -
Paradoxical Landscapes in Colonia Aborigen Chaco (Ex-Aboriginal Reserve of Napalpí, Argentina)
The International Indigenous Policy Journal Volume 10 | Issue 5 December 2019 Production, Development, and Environmental Policies: Paradoxical Landscapes in Colonia Aborigen Chaco (Ex-Aboriginal Reserve of Napalpí, Argentina) Carlos Salamanca Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Argentina, [email protected] Recommended Citation Salamanca, C. (2019). Production, development, and environmental policies. Paradoxical landscapes in Colonia Aborigen Chaco (ex-Aboriginal Reserve of Napalpí). The International Indigenous Policy Journal, 10(5). doi: https://doi.org/10.18584/ iipj.2019.10.5.8584 Production, Development, and Environmental Policies: Paradoxical Landscapes in Colonia Aborigen Chaco (Ex-Aboriginal Reserve of Napalpí, Argentina) Abstract This article examines the experience of an Indigenous development plan carried out between 2005 and 2010 in Colonia Aborigen Chaco, an Indigenous settlement located in Chaco province, Argentina, originally established in 1911 as the Aboriginal Reserve of Napalpí. On the reserve, inhabitants were forced to settle down as the State appropriated their traditional territories. Here, I propose a critical analysis of this experience with ethnographic description pertaining to the long historical processes that inhabitants of Colonia Aborigen endured, which systematically subjected them to alimentary, educational, productive, and religious routines aimed at transforming them culturally. I intend to demonstrate that it is necessary to review a series of assumptions, which are quite prevalent in Indigenous policies, about what an Indigenous person, an Indigenous territory, and an Indigenous development are supposed to be. I emphatically assert that it is necessary to have a critical approach towards these historical processes of constitution in order to better understand Indigenous rights and development within Indigenous territories. -
World Bank Document
Document of The World Bank FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY Public Disclosure Authorized Report No: 59305-BO PROJECT APPRAISAL DOCUMENT ON A PROPOSED CREDIT Public Disclosure Authorized IN THE AMOUNT OF SDR 69.65 MILLLION (US$ 109.5 MILLION EQUIVALENT) TO THE PLURINATIONAL STATE OF BOLIVIA FOR THE NATIONAL ROADS AND AIRPORT INFRASTRUCTURE PROJECT Public Disclosure Authorized April 06, 2011 Sustainable Development Department Country Management Unit for Bolivia, Chile, Ecuador, Peru and Venezuela Latin America and the Caribbean Region Public Disclosure Authorized This document has a restricted distribution and may be used by recipients only in the performance of their official duties. Its contents may not otherwise be disclosed without World Bank authorization. CURRENCY EQUIVALENTS (Exchange Rate Effective March 4, 2011) Currency Unit = Bolivian Bolivianos BOB7.01 = US$1 US$1.58 = SDR1 FISCAL YEAR January 1 – December 31 ABBREVIATIONS AND ACRONYMS AASANA Administración de Aeropuertos y Servicios Auxiliares a la Navegación Aérea Airport and Aviation Services Administration ABC Administradora Boliviana de Carreteras National Road Agency ABT Autoridad de Bosques y Tierra Authority on Forest and Land ADT Average Daily Traffic CIPTA Consejo Indígena del Pueblo Tacana Counsel for the Indigeneous Tacana People DA Designated Account EA Environmental Assessment EIRR Economic Internal Rate of Return EMP Environmental Management Plan FM Financial Management GAC Governance and Anti-corruption GDP Gross Domestic Product GOB Government of Bolivia HDM-4 Highway -
Research Article Yerba Mate (Ilex Paraguariensis)
Hindawi Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine Volume 2018, Article ID 6849317, 17 pages https://doi.org/10.1155/2018/6849317 Research Article Yerba Mate (Ilex paraguariensis) Beverage: Nutraceutical Ingredient or Conveyor for the Intake of Medicinal Plants? Evidence from Paraguayan Folk Medicine Monika Kujawska Institute of Ethnology and Cultural Anthropology, University of Lodz, ul. Lindleya 3/5, 90-131 Lodz, Poland Correspondence should be addressed to Monika Kujawska; [email protected] Received 29 November 2017; Accepted 7 February 2018; Published 14 March 2018 AcademicEditor:RainerW.Bussmann Copyright © 2018 Monika Kujawska. Tis is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Te use of medicinal plants mixed with yerba mate (Ilex paraguariensis) has been poorly studied in the ethnopharmacological literature so far. Te Paraguayan Mestizo people have the longest tradition of using the yerba mate beverage, apart from the indigenous Guarani people. Tis study analyses the role of yerba mate and medicinal plants in the treatment of illnesses within Paraguayan folk medicine. Te research was conducted among 100 Paraguayan migrants living in Misiones, Argentina, in 2014 and 2015. Yerbamate is not considered to be a medicinal plant by its own virtues but is culturally a very important type of medicinal plant intake. Ninety-seven species are employed in hot and cold versions of the yerba mate beverage. Te most important species are as follows: Allophylus edulis (highest number of citations), Aristolochia triangularis (highest relative importance value), and Achyrocline faccida and Achyrocline tomentosa (highest score by Index of Agreement on Species).