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Covid-19 and the Indigenous People Confronting Violence During the Pandemic

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Covid-19 and the Indigenous People Confronting Violence During the Pandemic APOINME | ARPIN SUDESTE | ARPINSUL | COIAB | ATY GUASu Comissão Guarani Yvyrupa | Conselho do Povo Terena our fight is for life Covid-19 and the indigenous people Confronting violence during the pandemic. INDIGENOUS BLOOD: NOT A SINGLE DROP MORE National Comittee for indigenous life and memory | November 2020 OUR FIGHT IS FOR LIFE 04 PRESENTATION 08 BLOCK 1. IT’S NOT JUST THE VIRUS 10 ANTI-INDIGENOUS GOVERNMENT 11 GENOCIDE AND PERSECUTION 14 RACISM 19 PROSELYTIZING MISSIONARIES 21 index LAND DEMARCATION 23 CONFLICTS 26 FINANCING OF DESTRUCTION 30 AGRIBUSINESS 33 DEFORESTATION 35 FOREST FIRES 37 MUNICIPAL ELECTIONS 39 BLOCK 2. INDIGENOUS LIVES 41 CONTEXT 42 HISTORICAL STRUGGLES 44 UNION FOR LIFE 49 COIAB 51 Coordination of Indigenous Organizations in the Brazilian Amazon APOINME 55 Articulation of Indigenous Peoples in the Northeast, Minas Gerais and Espírito Santo ATY GUASU 58 Great Assembly of the Guarani people TERENA COUNCIL 60 ARPINSUL 62 Articulation of Indigenous Peoples in the Southern Region CGY 64 Guarani Yvyrupa Comission ARPINSUDESTE 67 Articulation of Indigenous Peoples of the Southeast index APIB AND THE NATIONAL COMMITTEE FOR INDIGENOUS 69 LIFE AND MEMORY MARACÁ: INDIGENOUS EMERGENCY 73 BLOCK 3. OUR FIGHT OVER THE DATA 75 BLOCK 4. OUR RIGHT TO EXIST 80 TIMELINE 83 PANDEMIC IS NOT OVER 89 AND WE WILL KEEP FIGHTING FOR LIFE ANNEX: 91 ANALYSIS OF OFFICIAL DATABASES AND CHECKING CORRESPONDING CASES TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION 104 our fight is for life manifest for solidarity with indigenous peoples in Brazil More than half of Indigenous Lives Matter. Brazilian indigenous And in the midst of the pandemic, our lives peoples were affected have become the subject of attacks, persecution by the COVID-19 pandemic. and extermination. This manifesto is about the struggle for indigenous lives. Lives neglected by the government and lives saved by soli- darity. Lives we lost, and lives that we try to protect. The life of indigenous people who are in villages and cities, but above all, our life in the broader sense and which is under intense attack: our territories, our identity and ways of life, forests, rivers, biodiversity ... Mother Earth. By October 2020, more than 38 thousand indige- * nous people were contaminated by new corona- virus, reaching more than half of the 305 people living in Brazil. We, of the Articulation of Indigenous Peoples do Brasil (Apib), and all of our grassroots organiza- tions, with representations in five regions of the country, in the face of the COVID-19 pandemic, we strive daily for peoples’ lives. It was between March and October 2020, that * In addition to the Brazilian indigenous peoples, there are also the Warao people, refugees from 4 violence against indigenous peoples increased Venezuela. nossa luta é pela vida both inside and outside our territories. More than 1 million people died around The criminals who invade our lands the world as a result of the spread of have not been quarantined let alone Covid-19 (until the end of October), and working home office. We affirm that the Brazil reached, in July, the highest num- worsening of violence against indige- ber of deaths among countries. nous peoples, during the pandemic, was Indigenous peoples were proportional- encouraged by Bolsonaro. ly the most affected by the virus. The What the federal government actually number of deaths reached 860 in eight did in this period? It tried to use the months, according to the community health crisis and the pandemic to “pass participatory monitoring project car- ried out by the National Committee for the cattle” over our rights, our bodies Indigenous Life and Memory, created by and our lands. Such actions marked the Apib and its grassroots organizations government of the current president and partners. A tragedy unparalleled in and senior echelon of the federal gov- recent history. Way more than numbers, ernment during the humanitarian and they were our shamans, our prayers, health crisis, which also reached our midwives, elders and chiefs who left. peoples and communities. We lost our elderly people, the ones We warn that this situation of violence who keep the memories of our ancestry, directly and indirectly affects our 305 guardians of knowledge, of songs, of peoples, relatives in voluntary isolation prayers, of our spirituality. Leaders who and also the Warao indigenous people, dedicated their lives to the struggle to defend the territory, the integrity and who are refugees from Venezuela and the physical and cultural existence of live in a situation of extreme vulnera- their peoples. We suffer in our mourn- bility in Brazil. ing for this tragedy that affects not With speeches filled with racism and only us indigenous people, but all of hatred, Bolsonaro encourages violence humanity. against The pandemic exposed the hate pol- our communities and paralyzes the ac- icy that Apib had already denounced. tions of the State that should promote Political violence and persecution have assistance, protection and guarantees further accelerated. From March to of our rights. It tries to take advantage October, more than 200 fundamental of the “opportunity” of this crisis to human rights violations against indige- proceed with a series of decrees, ordi- nous peoples were recorded. An alarm- ing situation that gets worse every day. nances, normative instructions, provi- sional measures and bills to legalize In this atmosphere of terror, the federal crimes and diminish the constitutional government promotes the greedy fury rights of indigenous peoples. They were of agribusiness, mining companies, cor- 5 silent actions in protection and active porations and international investment in plundering. funds. nossa luta é pela vida Encourages the action of land grabbers, who are on the front line facing this invaders, and so many other criminals crisis, even though they are one of the who continue to advance into indige- greatest risk groups of Covid-19. We re- nous territories, taking advantage of inforce that the Special Secretariat for the tragedy we are experiencing. The Indigenous Health (Sesai) is the result fire and deforestation, carried out in of the struggle and mobilization of Apib 2020, can not be denied in the face of and the entire indigenous movement. satellite images and our horizon per- We created the “Indigenous Emergency” manently foggy. It seems that in the plan due to the active omission of the flames they see profit, and in felled Federal Government in fighting the vi- trees, there is only greed.. rus. We do not want to replace the role TURNS OUT WE DECIDED NOT of the State, on the contrary, we con- tinue to demand the implementation of DIE, BUT FIGHT TIRELESSLY public policies that guarantee our IN DEFENSE OF LIFE. rights. But we also can’t stay with our We denounce the aggressions against arms crossed. In this sense, we were our rights in the legislative scope, able to articulate resources and mate- which validate racism, dehumanize our rials to equip, on an emergency basis, existence and who want to extinguish several Special Indigenous Sanitary our self-determination over our territo- Districts (DSEIs) in several states. We ries and lives. We have appealed to the deliver test equipment, hygiene mate- Judiciary to defend our assured rights rials, personal protective equipment, by the Brazilian Constitution of 1988. oxygen, concentrators, and we enable Over these eight months, we provoked the installation of Indigenous Primary Care Units (UAPIs) in various territories. the judiciary through actions, including Arguition for Failure to Comply with On our own initiative, we created and Fundamental Precept (ADPF) 709 in maintained hundreds of health barriers the Federal Supreme Court (STF). We to prevent the virus from reaching com- achieved victories, such as the de- munities. A measure that the Federal termination of the STF to oblige the Government does not just neglected Federal Government to fulfill its duty but tried to sabotage in different ways. in protecting indigenous peoples in the This basic action, that our communities context of the pandemic. A Supreme have implemented on their own, was Court decision, which still wasn’t met instrumental in minimizing the impacts by Bolsonaro. of the new coronavirus among our rela- tives across the country. Apib and its grassroots organizations keep working daily to strengthen, At our bases we continue to resist, protect and value indigenous health inspired above all by the strength of in- 6 professionals. Especially to our relatives digenous women and our ancestors. We nossa luta é pela vida care for the land and strengthen our- We promoted Earth Healing, a global selves in the forests, rivers, prayers and gathering of indigenous women. our traditional medicines. We perform From fear, silence, death and terror, we our rituals, we cry our mourning. And recreate hope! We plant our gardens, we keep looking for strength. fetch water to drink, clean the village In the social networks, we played our floor and fix the roofs with collective Maracás. We demarcated the screens work. Living close to Nature. Our life and resignified our mobilizations over is in defense of the forest, biodiversi- the internet. We held the 16th Terra ty and the Planet, and that is why we Livre Camp, in 2020 virtually, due to must fight together in its defense. the pandemic, reaching more than 1.5 Our young people cry for their masters, million people during the four days of their examples and life inspirations, but online activities. We promoted the Na- our ancestry is long, millenary and has tional Assembly of Indigenous Resistance, taught us to dream. From the pain of bringing together hundreds of leaders genocide and persecution, which we are from all over the country and reartic- suffering, we have survived close to the ulating our fight strategies. With the ground of our land, which is our blood Maracá online series, we mobilize the and exists in every part of this Brazilian support of hundreds of indigenous and territory.
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