Deductions Suggested by the Geographcial Distribution of Some
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The Position of Indigenous Peoples in the Management of Tropical Forests
THE POSITION OF INDIGENOUS PEOPLES IN THE MANAGEMENT OF TROPICAL FORESTS Gerard A. Persoon Tessa Minter Barbara Slee Clara van der Hammen Tropenbos International Wageningen, the Netherlands 2004 Gerard A. Persoon, Tessa Minter, Barbara Slee and Clara van der Hammen The Position of Indigenous Peoples in the Management of Tropical Forests (Tropenbos Series 23) Cover: Baduy (West-Java) planting rice ISBN 90-5113-073-2 ISSN 1383-6811 © 2004 Tropenbos International The opinions expressed in this publication are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views of Tropenbos International. No part of this publication, apart from bibliographic data and brief quotations in critical reviews, may be reproduced, re-recorded or published in any form including print photocopy, microfilm, and electromagnetic record without prior written permission. Photos: Gerard A. Persoon (cover and Chapters 1, 2, 3, 4 and 7), Carlos Rodríguez and Clara van der Hammen (Chapter 5) and Barbara Slee (Chapter 6) Layout: Blanca Méndez CONTENTS INTRODUCTION 1 1. INDIGENOUS PEOPLES AND NATURAL RESOURCE 3 MANAGEMENT IN INTERNATIONAL POLICY GUIDELINES 1.1 The International Labour Organization 3 1.1.1 Definitions 4 1.1.2 Indigenous peoples’ position in relation to natural resource 5 management 1.1.3 Resettlement 5 1.1.4 Free and prior informed consent 5 1.2 World Bank 6 1.2.1 Definitions 7 1.2.2 Indigenous Peoples’ position in relation to natural resource 7 management 1.2.3 Indigenous Peoples’ Development Plan and resettlement 8 1.3 UN Draft Declaration on the -
Some Principles of the Use of Macro-Areas Language Dynamics &A
Online Appendix for Harald Hammarstr¨om& Mark Donohue (2014) Some Principles of the Use of Macro-Areas Language Dynamics & Change Harald Hammarstr¨om& Mark Donohue The following document lists the languages of the world and their as- signment to the macro-areas described in the main body of the paper as well as the WALS macro-area for languages featured in the WALS 2005 edi- tion. 7160 languages are included, which represent all languages for which we had coordinates available1. Every language is given with its ISO-639-3 code (if it has one) for proper identification. The mapping between WALS languages and ISO-codes was done by using the mapping downloadable from the 2011 online WALS edition2 (because a number of errors in the mapping were corrected for the 2011 edition). 38 WALS languages are not given an ISO-code in the 2011 mapping, 36 of these have been assigned their appropri- ate iso-code based on the sources the WALS lists for the respective language. This was not possible for Tasmanian (WALS-code: tsm) because the WALS mixes data from very different Tasmanian languages and for Kualan (WALS- code: kua) because no source is given. 17 WALS-languages were assigned ISO-codes which have subsequently been retired { these have been assigned their appropriate updated ISO-code. In many cases, a WALS-language is mapped to several ISO-codes. As this has no bearing for the assignment to macro-areas, multiple mappings have been retained. 1There are another couple of hundred languages which are attested but for which our database currently lacks coordinates. -
The Hispanization of Chamacoco Syntax
DOI: 10.26346/1120-2726-170 The hispanization of Chamacoco syntax Luca Ciucci Language and Culture Research Centre, James Cook University, Australia <[email protected]> This paper investigates contact-driven syntactic change in Chamacoco (a.k.a. Ɨshɨr ahwoso), a Zamucoan language with about 2,000 speakers in Paraguay. Chamacoco syntax was originally characterized by a low number of conjunc- tions, like its cognate Ayoreo. Although Chamacoco shows transfers from other neighboring languages, a turning point in language change was the beginning of regular contacts with Western society around the year 1885. Since then, Spanish has exerted a growing influence on Chamacoco, affecting all levels of linguistic analysis. Most speakers are today Chamacoco-Spanish bilingual, and the lan- guage is endangered. Chamacoco has borrowed some conjunctions from Spanish, and new clause combining strategies have replaced older syntactic structures. Other function words introduced from Spanish include temporal adverbs, dis- course markers, quantifiers and prepositions. I discuss their uses, the reasons for their borrowing and their interaction with original Chamacoco function words. Some borrowed function words can combine with autochthonous conjunctions to create new subordinators that are calques from Spanish compound subor- dinating conjunctions. This resulted in remarkable syntactic complexification. Chamacoco comparatives, modeled on the Spanish ones, are also likely instances of contact-induced complexification, since there are reasons to surmise that Chamacoco originally lacked dedicated comparative structures. Keywords: Chamacoco, clause combining, comparatives, coordination, function words, language contact, South American Indigenous languages, subordination, syntax, Zamucoan. 1. Introduction This study analyzes the influence exerted by Spanish on the syntax of Chamacoco, a Zamucoan language of northern Paraguay. -
Peoples in the Brazilian Amazonia Indian Lands
Brazilian Demographic Censuses and the “Indians”: difficulties in identifying and counting. Marta Maria Azevedo Researcher for the Instituto Socioambiental – ISA; and visiting researcher of the Núcleo de Estudos em População – NEPO / of the University of Campinas – UNICAMP PEOPLES IN THE BRAZILIAN AMAZONIA INDIAN LANDS source: Programa Brasil Socioambiental - ISA At the present moment there are in Brazil 184 native language- UF* POVO POP.** ANO*** LÍNG./TRON.**** OUTROS NOMES***** Case studies made by anthropologists register the vital events of a RO Aikanã 175 1995 Aikanã Aikaná, Massaká, Tubarão RO Ajuru 38 1990 Tupari speaking peoples and around 30 who identify themselves as “Indians”, RO Akunsu 7 1998 ? Akunt'su certain population during a large time period, which allows us to make RO Amondawa 80 2000 Tupi-Gurarani RO Arara 184 2000 Ramarama Karo even though they are Portuguese speaking. Two-hundred and sixteen RO Arikapu 2 1999 Jaboti Aricapu a few analyses about their populational dynamics. Such is the case, for RO Arikem ? ? Arikem Ariken peoples live in ‘Indian Territories’, either demarcated or in the RO Aruá 6 1997 Tupi-Mondé instance, of the work about the Araweté, made by Eduardo Viveiros de RO Cassupá ? ? Português RO/MT Cinta Larga 643 1993 Tupi-Mondé Matétamãe process of demarcation, and also in urban areas in the different RO Columbiara ? ? ? Corumbiara Castro. In his book (Araweté: o povo do Ipixuna – CEDI, 1992) there is an RO Gavião 436 2000 Tupi-Mondé Digüt RO Jaboti 67 1990 Jaboti regions of Brazil. The lands of some 30 groups extend across national RO Kanoe 84 1997 Kanoe Canoe appendix with the populational data registered by others, since the first RO Karipuna 20 2000 Tupi-Gurarani Caripuna RO Karitiana 360 2000 Arikem Caritiana burder, for ex.: 8,500 Ticuna live in Peru and Colombia while 32,000 RO Kwazá 25 1998 Língua isolada Coaiá, Koaiá contact with this people in 1976. -
PDF Hosted at the Radboud Repository of the Radboud University Nijmegen
PDF hosted at the Radboud Repository of the Radboud University Nijmegen The following full text is a publisher's version. For additional information about this publication click this link. http://hdl.handle.net/2066/42006 Please be advised that this information was generated on 2017-12-06 and may be subject to change. Kwaza in a Comparative Perspective Author(s): Hein van der Voort Reviewed work(s): Source: International Journal of American Linguistics, Vol. 71, No. 4 (October 2005), pp. 365- 412 Published by: The University of Chicago Press Stable URL: http://www.jstor.org/stable/10.1086/501245 . Accessed: 13/07/2012 09:37 Your use of the JSTOR archive indicates your acceptance of the Terms & Conditions of Use, available at . http://www.jstor.org/page/info/about/policies/terms.jsp . JSTOR is a not-for-profit service that helps scholars, researchers, and students discover, use, and build upon a wide range of content in a trusted digital archive. We use information technology and tools to increase productivity and facilitate new forms of scholarship. For more information about JSTOR, please contact [email protected]. The University of Chicago Press is collaborating with JSTOR to digitize, preserve and extend access to International Journal of American Linguistics. http://www.jstor.org KWAZA IN A COMPARATIVE PERSPECTIVE1 Hein van der Voort Radboud Universiteit Nijmegen Museu Paraense Emílio Goeldi In view of the previous sparsity of data, the existing claims with regard to a genea- logical classification of the Aikanã, Kanoê, and Kwaza languages of Rondônia, on the Brazilian side of the Guaporé River, are premature and unconvincing. -
Atassinari KARIPUNAS
KARIPUNAS” E “BRASILEIROS” A TRAJETÓRIA DE DOIS TERMOS Uma contribuição à história indígena da região do baixo Rio Oiapoque Antonella Maria Imperatriz Tassinari GT: Etnologia Indígena XXI Encontro Anual da ANPOCS Caxambu, 27 a 31 de outubro de 1998. “KARIPUNAS” E “BRASILEIROS” A TRAJETÓRIA DE DOIS TERMOS 1 “... a objetivação etnonímica inside primordialmente sobre os outros , não sobre quem está em posição de sujeito. Os etnônimos são nomes de terceiros, pertencem à categoria do ‘eles’, não à categoria do ‘nós’ .” (Viveiros de Castro 1996:126). Este paper é dedicado à história da população Karipuna do Rio Curipi, região do Baixo Oiapoque, Norte do Amapá, de um ponto de vista externo ao grupo, através de uma análise sobre a trajetória de seu etnônimo 2. A história dessa população é quase inteiramente desconhecida, embora haja vasta documentação histórica sobre a região em que habita (Caetano da Silva 1861, Paranhos 1898,1945). Há citações sobre os Caripous na região do Oiapoque no século XVII, mas este etnônimo deixa de aparecer nas fontes do século seguinte (embora seja citado em diversas regiões da Amazônia), para ressurgir no século XIX. Alguns autores consideram que a população do Curipi formou-se por refugiados da Cabanagem (Coudreau 1893, Arnaud 1989a, 1996), deslocando a história do grupo, da região do Oiapoque, para a costa paraense. Considero que, para melhor compreender a história vivenciada por esta população, é preciso fazer uma distinção entre a trajetória de seu etnônimo, e as diversas trajetórias de vida dos atuais Karipuna e de seus antepassados. Isso porque o termo nem sempre esteve associado à população do Curipi (às famílias que ali habitam e seus antepassados, ou a outras famílias ali residentes em momentos diversos) e fazer esta separação será útil para entender o próprio significado que hoje tem o nome Karipuna, referindo-se à identidade étnica atualmente compartilhada pela população do Rio Curipi. -
The “Person” Category in the Zamuco Languages. a Diachronic Perspective
On rare typological features of the Zamucoan languages, in the framework of the Chaco linguistic area Pier Marco Bertinetto Luca Ciucci Scuola Normale Superiore di Pisa The Zamucoan family Ayoreo ca. 4500 speakers Old Zamuco (a.k.a. Ancient Zamuco) spoken in the XVIII century, extinct Chamacoco (Ɨbɨtoso, Tomarâho) ca. 1800 speakers The Zamucoan family The first stable contact with Zamucoan populations took place in the early 18th century in the reduction of San Ignacio de Samuco. The Jesuit Ignace Chomé wrote a grammar of Old Zamuco (Arte de la lengua zamuca). The Chamacoco established friendly relationships by the end of the 19th century. The Ayoreos surrended rather late (towards the middle of the last century); there are still a few nomadic small bands in Northern Paraguay. The Zamucoan family Main typological features -Fusional structure -Word order features: - SVO - Genitive+Noun - Noun + Adjective Zamucoan typologically rare features Nominal tripartition Radical tenselessness Nominal aspect Affix order in Chamacoco 3 plural Gender + classifiers 1 person ø-marking in Ayoreo realis Traces of conjunct / disjunct system in Old Zamuco Greater plural and clusivity Para-hypotaxis Nominal tripartition Radical tenselessness Nominal aspect Affix order in Chamacoco 3 plural Gender + classifiers 1 person ø-marking in Ayoreo realis Traces of conjunct / disjunct system in Old Zamuco Greater plural and clusivity Para-hypotaxis Nominal tripartition All Zamucoan languages present a morphological tripartition in their nominals. The base-form (BF) is typically used for predication. The singular-BF is (Ayoreo & Old Zamuco) or used to be (Cham.) the basis for any morphological operation. The full-form (FF) occurs in argumental position. -
Possessive Inflection in Proto-Zamucoan a Reconstruction
Possessive inflection in Proto-Zamucoan A reconstruction Luca Ciucci and Pier Marco Bertinetto Scuola Normale Superiore, Pisa This paper presents a comparative analysis of possessive inflection in the three known Zamucoan languages: Ayoreo and Chamacoco – still spoken in the Chaco area between Bolivia and Paraguay – plus †Old Zamuco, described by the Jesuit father Ignace Chomé in the first half of the 18th century. The comparison allows us to build a plausible reconstruction of Proto-Zamucoan possessive in- flection. Old Zamuco appears to be the most conservative language among the three, while Chamacoco appears to be the most innovative, although it exhibits relics of special importance for reconstructive purposes. Our analysis identifies in Zamucoan a series of features of general interest for the typology of person marking. Keywords: person marking, diachronic reconstruction, possessive morphology, verb morphology, Zamucoan languages, kinship terms, syncretism in person/ number marking, Chaco region 1. Introduction 1 This paper proposes a reconstruction of the possessive morphology of Zamucoan, an underdescribed language family spoken in the Chaco region, between Bolivia and Paraguay. The family consists of three documented languages: Ayoreo, Chamacoco 1. This paper is largely based on the comparative analysis of Ciucci (2016) [2013]. The authors share responsibility for any claims made. The Ayoreo and Chamacoco examples are offered in phonemic transcription (with no delimiting slashes) for ease of reading. The transcriptions of Old Zamuco are based on Chomé (1958 [ante 1745]) as reinterpreted according to our knowledge of Ayoreo and Chamacoco phonology (for a discussion, see Bertinetto 2014 [2009] and Ciucci 2016 [2013]). In the few cases of uncertain interpretation, we added Chomé’s transcription between angled brackets. -
An Amerind Etymological Dictionary
An Amerind Etymological Dictionary c 2007 by Merritt Ruhlen ! Printed in the United States of America Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Greenberg, Joseph H. Ruhlen, Merritt An Amerind Etymological Dictionary Bibliography: p. Includes indexes. 1. Amerind Languages—Etymology—Classification. I. Title. P000.G0 2007 000!.012 00-00000 ISBN 0-0000-0000-0 (alk. paper) This book is dedicated to the Amerind people, the first Americans Preface The present volume is a revison, extension, and refinement of the ev- idence for the Amerind linguistic family that was initially offered in Greenberg (1987). This revision entails (1) the correction of a num- ber of forms, and the elimination of others, on the basis of criticism by specialists in various Amerind languages; (2) the consolidation of certain Amerind subgroup etymologies (given in Greenberg 1987) into Amerind etymologies; (3) the addition of many reconstructions from different levels of Amerind, based on a comprehensive database of all known reconstructions for Amerind subfamilies; and, finally, (4) the addition of a number of new Amerind etymologies presented here for the first time. I believe the present work represents an advance over the original, but it is at the same time simply one step forward on a project that will never be finished. M. R. September 2007 Contents Introduction 1 Dictionary 11 Maps 272 Classification of Amerind Languages 274 References 283 Semantic Index 296 Introduction This volume presents the lexical and grammatical evidence that defines the Amerind linguistic family. The evidence is presented in terms of 913 etymolo- gies, arranged alphabetically according to the English gloss. -
Tribes of Eastern Bolivia and the Madeira Headwaters
SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY BULLETIN 143 HANDBOOK OF SOUTH AMERICAN INDIANS Julian H. Steward, Editor Volume 3 THE TROPICAL FOREST TRIBES Prepared in Cooperation With the United States Department of State as a Project of the Interdepartmental Committee on Scientific and Cultural Cooperation Extraído do volume 3 (1948) Handbook of South American Indians. Disponível para download em http://www.etnolinguistica.org/hsai UNITED STATES GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE WASHINGTON : 1948 For aale by the Superintendent of Documents, U. S. Goyernment Frintinc Office. Washington 25, D. C. TRIBES OF EASTERN BOLIVIA AND THE MADEIRA HEADWATERS By Alfred Metraux THE CHIQUITOANS AND OTHER TRIBES OF THE PROVINCE OF CHIQUITOS TRIBAL DIVISIONS AND LANGUAGES It is extremely difficult to obtain a clear picture of the linguistic affili- ations or even of the exact locations of the tribes of the region known as the Province of Chiquitos, bordered on the south by the Chaco desert, on the east by the Paraguay River and by the marshes of its upper course, on the west by the Rio Grande (Guapay River), and on the north by a line more or less corresponding to lat. 15° W. (map 1, No. 2 ; map 4). The chronicles of the Conquest, the official documents and reports of local authorities, and later the letters and accounts of the Jesuits teem with names of tribes and subtribes, but seldom mention their linguistic affiliation and even their location. From the beginning of the Conquest, the Indians of the area just defined have been called Chiquito, "the small ones," irrespective of their linguistic family or culture. -
Origem Da Pintura Do Lutador Matipu
GOVERNO DO ESTADO DE MATO GROSSO SECRETARIA DE ESTADO DE CIÊNCIA E TECNOLOGIA UNIVERSIDADE DO ESTADO DE MATO GROSSO CARLOS ALBERTO REYES MALDONADO UNEMAT CAMPUS UNIVERSITÁRIO DEP. RENÊ BARBOUR LICENCIATURA INTERCULTURAL INDÍGENA MAIKE MATIPU ORIGEM DA PINTURA DO LUTADOR MATIPU Barra do Bugres 2016 MAIKE MATIPU ORIGEM DA PINTURA DO LUTADOR MATIPU Trabalho de Conclusão de Curso apresentado à Universidade do Estado de Mato Grosso- UNEMAT, Campus Universitário Dep. Est. Renê Barbour, como requisito parcial para obtenção do título de graduado em Línguas, Artes e Literatura. Orientador: Prof.ª Drª. Mônica Cidele da Cruz Barra do Bugres 2016 FICHA CATALOGRÁFICA MAIKE MATIPU ORIGEM DA PINTURA DO LUTADOR MATIPU Trabalho de Conclusão de Curso apresentado à Banca Avaliadora do Curso de Licenciatura Intercultural – UNEMAT, Campus Universitário Dep. Renê Barbour como requisito para obtenção do título de Licenciado em Línguas, Artes e Literatura. Barra do Bugres, 28 de abril de 2016. BANCA EXAMINADORA _______________________________________________ Prof.ª Drª. Mônica Cidele da Cruz Professora Orientadora _______________________________________________ Prof. Esp. Aigi Nafukuá Professor Avaliador _______________________________________________ Prof. Me. Isaías Munis Batista Professor Avaliador Barra do Bugres 2016 DEDICATÓRIA Dedico este trabalho para minha esposa Soko Kujahi Agika Kuikuro, aos meus filhos, às famílias e filhos da comunidade. Através do conhecimento do meu povo Matipu, consegui realizar o trabalho e fortalecer a cultura para futuras gerações. AGRADECIMENTOS Agradeço aos dois anciões narradores da história do passado. Principalmente agradeço ao meu pai Yamatuá Matipu, reconhecido como grande flautista e cantor. Agradeço, ainda, Manufá Matipu, que me auxiliou durante a pesquisa sobre o conhecimento dos antepassados. Agradeço a toda minha família que fez o trabalho comigo, e também agradeço muita minha esposa Soko Kujahi Agika Kuikuro, meus filhos Amatuá Matheus Matipu, Kaintehi Marquinho Matipu, Tahugaki Parisi Matipu e Ariati Maiate Rebeca Matipu. -
World Bank Document
IPP264 Paraguay Community Development Project Indigenous Peoples Development Framework Introduction Public Disclosure Authorized 1. Indigenous Peoples (IP) in Paraguay represent only 1.7% of the total population (about 87,100) people, according to the most recent Indigenous Peoples Census (2002). Notwithstanding, IP, show a higher population growth rate (3.9%) than the average for the national population (2.7%). Therefore, it is possible to expect that the proportion of IP will continue to grow for some time, even though they will continue to be a small proportion of the total population. 2. There are 19 different ethnic groups1 belonging to five linguistic families2, being the most numerous those belonging to the Guarari linguistic family3 (46,000 or 53%), followed by the Maskoy linguistic family groups4 (21,000 or 24%). The four largest IP groups are the Ava-Guarani (13,400 or 15.5%), Mbyá (14,300 or 16.7%), Pâí Tavyterâ (13,100 or 15.2%), and the Nivacle (12,000 or 13.9%). Most indigenous peoples speak Public Disclosure Authorized their own language and have a limited command of Spanish. Table 1: Distribution of Indigenous Population by Department Department Indigenous Population Absolute % of total 90 0.1 Asunción Concepción 2,670 3.09 San Pedro 2,736 3.16 Cordillera Guairá 1,056 1.22 Caaguazú 6,884 7.95 Caazapá 2,528 2.92 Public Disclosure Authorized Itapúa 2,102 2.43 Misiones Paraguarí Alto Paraná 4,697 5.43 Central 1,038 1.20 Ñeembucú Amambay 10,519 12.16 Canindeyú 9,529 11.01 Pte. Hayes 19,751 22.82 Boquerón 19,754 22.83 Alto Paraguay 3,186 3.68 1 According to the II Indigenous Census, there are 19 ethnic groups: Guaraní Occidental, Aché, Ava- Guaraní, Mbya, Pai-Tavytera, Ñandeva, Maskoy, Enlhet norte, Enxet sur, Sanapaná, Toba, Angaité, Guaná, Nivaclé, Maká, Manjui, Ayoreo, Chamacoco(Yvytoso & Tomaraho), Toba-Qom.