FAIRMODE Technical Meeting Working Group 2 - Emissions 7-9 October 2019 Madrid, Spain
LOCAL PROFILE OF EMISSIONS FROM RESIDENTIAL HEATING IN GREECE Fameli Kyriaki-Maria and Assimakopoulos Vasiliki
National Observatory of Athens (NOA), Greece Institute for Environmental Research and Sustainable Development (IERSD) Introduction – FEI-GREGAA E.I.
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SNAP 2 sector – residential heating/cooking
Period: 2006 – 2017
Area: Greece 6x6 km2 Athens (GAA) 2x2 km2
Sources: Boilers, fireplaces and stoves
Fuels used: fuel oil, natural gas, kerosene, gas, firewood and pellets
Methodology: Tier 2 (EMEP/EAA E.I. Guidebook 2016)
Annual fuel consumption data for Greece per fuel type
FAIRMODE Technical Meeting WG2 - Emissions 7-9 October 2019 Madrid, Spain FEI-GREGAA: Greece
3 Energy consumption in households: Greece 3500 Oil 3000 Electricity 2500 Natural Gas 2000 Primary solid biofuels 1500 LPG
1000 Other Kerosene energy(ktoe) 500 Solar Thermal 0 Heat 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 Solid fossil fuels year Emissions from households Source: Eurostat 200000
150000
100000 NOx
50000 CO emission (tn) emission PM10 0 FAIRMODE Technical Meeting WG2 - Emissions year 7-9 October 2019 Madrid, Spain Greece: Annual emissions per source
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NOx
2006 1162,33; 2010 2015 10% 1116,27; 1442,44; 13% 753,34; 19% 7% 775,02; 1850,77; 2015 9% 1041,89; 9435,58; 6470,27; 1%5188,32; 13% 83% 78% 53402,69; 68% 32%
fireplaces stoves boilers fireplaces stoves boilers fireplaces stoves boilers fireplaces PM 113170,9 stoves 10 3; 67% 824,94; 2006 2010 529,80; 2015 boilers 3% 1% 590,59; 2% 7688,75; 8024,50; 10026,92; 29% 30% 30% 18380,84; 17617,44; 68% 23241,09; 68% 69%
FAIRMODEfireplaces stoves Technicalboilers Meetingfireplaces stoves boilers WG2 - Emissions fireplaces stoves boilers 7-9 October 2019 Madrid, Spain Spatial disaggregation
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Criteria:
1) Degree of Urbanisation (areas)
2) Population data (per cell)
FAIRMODE Technical Meeting WG2 - Emissions 7-9 October 2019 Madrid, Spain The new EMEP grid VS FEI-GREGAA: Greece
6 SNAP2- PM10 2015 FEI-GREGAA (6x6 km2) 2015 EMEP 0.1°x0.1°
PM10 emissions increased due to biomass burning for heating. Much lower values 20% of residential probably because emissions from fireplaces of lack of biomass and stoves were burning. allocated to urban areas while the rest were placed in suburban and rural.
FAIRMODE Technical Meeting WG2 - Emissions 7-9 October 2019 Madrid, Spain Survey for residential heating
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Many uncertainties on
the methodology of the spatial allocation, use of each source type for residential heating and Survey on the residential the temporal disaggregation of annual values heating profile
1. Main & secondary heating source 2. Type of fuel used 3. Biomass burning 4. Heating temporal profile www.meteo.gr 5. Demographic information
FAIRMODE Technical Meeting WG2 - Emissions 7-9 October 2019 Madrid, Spain Survey for residential heating
8 74 regional units
8 regional units
Greece: 1200 responses Attica: 564 responses FAIRMODE Technical Meeting WG2 - Emissions 7-9 October 2019 Madrid, Spain Energy consumption: Attica
9 Year: 2015 Attica (fuel type) 8 Regional units 8 Regional units (fuel type) (source type per fuel) • Oil: data from the • Number of • Survey results Ministry of Energy households per • Other fuel types: from unit that use the Population-Housing each fuel type Census
% of national Fuel type energy consumption Heat Electric Air Advanced Open Region pumps radiators Boilers Stoves conditioner fireplaces fireplace Electricity 36,92 East Attica 3,33% 3,33% 70,00% 4,44% 11,11% 4,44% 3,33% Natural Gas 51,07 North Athens 1,50% 77,44% 3,01% 16,54% 0,75% 0,75% Oil 38,97 West Attica 81,82% 18,18% Solar West Athens 2,78% 72,22% 8,33% 16,67% Thermal 42,31 Central Athens 4,26% 66,67% 11,35% 15,60% 2,13% Biomass 1,88 Islands 50,00% 50,00% Other (LPG, South Athens 3,66% 70,73% 23,17% 1,22% 1,22% Kerosene) 13,41 Piraeus 4,35% 5,80% 52,17% 10,14% 24,64% 2,90% Emissions from residential heating/cooking for Attica (2015) 10
700
600
500
400 NOx
300 CO
emission (tn) emission PM10 200
100
0 Central North West South East West Piraeus Islands Athens Athens Athens Athens Attica Attica
FAIRMODE Technical Meeting WG2 - Emissions 7-9 October 2019 Madrid, Spain The new EMEP grid VS FEI-GREGAA: Athens 11 Residential heating / cooking
FEI-GREGAA It seems that no specific proxy value was used for the spatial allocation
Emissions per km2: 0.30 tn (urban area) 0.38 tn(rural area)
PM10 emissions from biomass burning were attributed at urban and rural areas based on urbanization and population.
Annual emissions per km2: 2.60 tn (urban area) 0.25 tn (rural area) EMEP 0.1°x0.1° The new EMEP grid VS FEI-GREGAA
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Lessons learnt from the comparison with EMEP
1. Regular updates of initial data are necessary in order to import new sources, new fuels, new technologies.
2. Bottom up emission inventories depict more accurately the actual situation.
3. Spatial allocation coefficients define the profile of emissions. The expansion of the urban conurbation in Athens has brought changes to the land use, population density and building characteristics which definitely have an impact on the amount and spread of emissions.
4. Scientific studies should be in line with socioeconomic conditions Future work
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Complete the development of the e.i. in municipality level for Attica
Complete the spatial allocation based also on the number of people living on each household
Create temporal coefficients for Greece and Attica based on the survey’s responses
Develop temperature sensitive emissions National Observatory of Athens (NOA)
14 Thank you!!!
This project has received funding from the Hellenic Foundation for Research and Innovation (HFRI) and the General Secretariat for Research and Technology (GSRT), under grant agreement No 409.