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Greece: International Freight Center 2nd edition, April 2021 Contents Introductory note e issue this updated report • Logistics and courier, express and In addition, we present all recent at a time when the world is parcel (CEPs) companies adopting developments in: experiencing the full effect of both in-house development and The Greek shipping and 8 W • the Greek shipping and maritime the COVID-19 pandemic, with some innovative start-up collaboration, logistics industry, maritime logistics industry bright signs slowly appearing on the to reduce products’ and offerings’ • the Greek hinterland logistics horizon. delivery time to the market. 1 industry, • Digital logistics as a means of During this pandemic era, we have • the Greek road freight transport, Economic performance of 36 integrating operating systems, witnessed severe disruptions to in order to more effectively • the Greek rail freight transport, the Greek logistics market inbound and outbound shipments communicate information, • the Greek air freight transport, and heavy port congestion, both 2 synchronize activities, collaborate • and the public sector’s support and of which have severely impacted across a wide range of business facilitation of trade in Greece. the transportation and logistics Road freight transport 54 processes and provide E2E visibility. (T&L) industry. Cost structures and • Increased private equity (PE) and As our report reveals, Greece, overheads continue to be the biggest venture capital (VC) funding, toward leveraging its strategic geographical internal challenges, as industry 3 start-ups in the transportation location, along with increasing players consider strategic drivers for sector, but also to traditional market investment in upgrading its improving profit margins. Technology Air freight transport 64 players. transportation and logistics and innovation remain the key pillars infrastructure, has gone a long way for business process transformation in • Extended supply chain risk toward developing its position as a the industry. intelligence and sustainability are 4 global logistics hub, over the past climbing on top of the agenda of an years. It is clear, however, that there As the coronavirus pandemic increasing number of stakeholders, is still room for improvement for Public sector support 76 threatens to drag the global economy as global organizations and our country to achieve what we call to a new, deeper recession, the associations look to lower the impact “excellence”. T&L industry manages to stay of transport and logistics on the 5 environment, through regulations afloat, supporting the local and At EY, we are proud to have succeeded global communities to overcome and policies. Evaluating Greece 84 over the years in standing at the this unprecedented threat. The forefront of developments in the as a logistics hub keyword for the industry’s next day Furthermore, it is vital to underline global, regional and Greek T&L is “resilience”, as global players are the industry’s move from “doing 6 industries. This report is part of our transforming their linear supply digital” to “being digital”, which contribution to drive the dialogue chains to value-chain interconnected translates to the implementation of Conclusion and 102 among all stakeholders, with an ecosystems on cloud-enabled supply chain technologies that open aim to explore the optimal ways to recommendations platforms, involving multiple up new revenue streams, rather than address the challenges that the Greek stakeholders. Digital ecosystems are simply efficiencies, and necessitates 7 transportation and logistics industry shaping market networks and enabling the closure of the talent gap in digital is facing, and take advantage of the hybrid forms of cooperation and fluency. All of the above being critical opportunities arising in an ever- competition: coopetition. Ecosystems value drivers for organizations and changing global environment. create and serve communities economies – now, next and beyond. and harness their creativity and The journey for Greece has already intelligence. Entities may play multiple In this challenging global environment, begun, with our country taking pivotal roles in an ecosystem. In this greater the Greek T&L community is heavily steps toward sustainable growth and context, we see the following key investing and expanding its footprint. success. We really look forward to trends developing in the industry: In our – second of its kind – report, which also includes a survey on the seeing how these efforts will develop • The rapid growth of e-commerce Greek transportation and logistics over the coming years, and how worldwide, which is expected to infrastructure, we examine the role of Greece will manage to reach its full propel the emergence of new Greece as a competitive intermodal potential as a leading global freight consumer trends and the adoption of corridor for the European seaborne and logistics hub. exponential technologies to support trade with Asia. online customers’ growth. Thanos Mavros Yannis Pierros Partner, Consulting Services, EY Greece Partner, Assurance Services, EY Greece EY Greece and EY Central, Eastern and Southeastern EY Central, Eastern and Southeastern Europe & Central Asia Europe & Central Asia (CESA) Supply Chain & (CESA) Advanced Manufacturing (Assurance) & Mobility Operations Leader Leader ince the first edition of this survey was published in 2017, SGreece has been making progress in its efforts to becoming an international freight center, leveraging its strategic geographical location, a recovering economy and a friendlier investment environment. However, this progress has been driven primarily by developments in the shipping and the maritime logistics industries, as well as in road infrastructure. More work will be needed with regard to rail and air freight transport, hinterland logistics, the third-party logistics market (3PL), customs services and, above all, the interconnectivity of these distinct nodes of the Greek transport and logistics industry (T&L). The shipping and maritime logistics Piraeus and the broader Attica region series of planned investments within industry is steadily on the rise have been at the epicenter of this the next years, aiming at improving Thessaloniki: Shipping is, undoubtedly, one of the growth, attracting important shipping infrastructure and achieving better strongest cards of the Greek economy, activities, including ship management integration with the railway and road An important node of the contributing around €11b – or 6.6% of companies, shipyards and shipyard networks, transforming the port into a Trans-European Transport the country’s GDP in 2019. The Greek- subcontractors, port operators, freight state-of-the-art logistics hub. owned merchant fleet is the largest forwarders, and third-party logistics Network in the world, accounting for 15.6% of providers (3PLPs). the global fleet in deadweight tonnage The port of Thessaloniki is part of the (DWT), while vessels controlled by Piraeus: Moreover, at a time when trade flows Trans-European Transport Network Greeks carry 21% of global seaborne between Asia and Europe continue to largest commercial (TEN-T) and is situated in proximity trade. st grow year after year, Piraeus offers 1 port in the to the Trans Adriatic Pipeline a highly competitive end-to-end (TAP). The master plan of the port, The strong presence of Greek shipping alternative connection to the ports Mediterranean Executive summary Executive prepared in 2017 and approved companies, and the leading position of the Far East, compared to North by the European Commission, sets of the Greek-owned fleet in the global European ports, in terms of transport clear short- and medium-term maritime community, have been the th largest port in duration, frequency of service and priorities for the development and major drivers behind the development 4 cost, allowing the country to develop Europe in terms of upgrade of Thessaloniki to a middle of the Greek shipping cluster, as one of into a major maritime interface for TEUs (2019 & 2020) category European port; the main the most significant and competitive The Greek-owned merchant fleet is Europe. developmental actions aim at raising maritime centers in the world. The the capacity of the cargo terminals, majority of Greek shipowners have a the largest in the world, accounting Piraeus has been one of the most Significant investments are underway as well as upgrading the sea cruise ship management office or operate for 15.6% of the global fleet in rapidly growing ports in Europe and for the port of Thessaloniki, the facilities and transit services their business from Greece and, in was the largest commercial port in the primary entry port for Northern capabilities. spite of the growing international deadweight tonnage (DWT), while Mediterranean, and the fourth largest Greece and an international logistics competition – mainly from emerging among all European ports in terms of hub for all Balkan countries, following maritime centers in Asia – they still vessels controlled by Greeks carry total container throughput in 2019 its privatization in 2018. consider Greece as an attractive 21% of global seaborne trade. and 2020, despite the pandemic’s location for establishing their ship adverse effects on global trade. The management offices. vision of turning Piraeus into the south gate of Europe is backed by a 4 5 In total, more than 25 important service levels. However, they have The growth of the supply chain Increased international air
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