Comparative Manifesto Project

DATAS~ CMPr3 Programmatic Profiles of Political Parties in 20 Countries, 1945-1988

Third updated edlhon

BIBLIOGRAPHIC REFERENCE

All works which use or refer to these data should carry the following reference.

Dataaet CMPr3 (Author A Volkens), Comparahve Manrfestos Project, Science Center Berlin, Research Unit Instltutlons and Socml Change (Duector H -D Khngcmsnn) m cooperation wrth the Msmfesto Research Group (Chairman I Budge)

A. Vollrens Wlsaenschaftszentrum Berlur fur Somlforxhung Relchpletschufer 50 10785 Berhrr Tcl 030-25491314

2

Page

1 CMPr3 Dataset Descnptlon 3

2 Parties, Tune Periods, and Documents Covered 10

A OECD-Countnes

21 Austraha 11 22 Austria 15 23 Belgmm 24 Canada ;: 25 Denmark 33 26 France 41 27 Germany 49 28 Ireland 53 29 Italy 58 210 Japan 66 211 Luxembourg 68 212 The Netherlands 72 213 New Zealand 77 214 Norway 81 215 Sweden 84 216 Umted IGrrgdom 90 217 Umted States 94

B Other Countnes

218 Israel 97 219 Northern Ireland 115 220 Sn Lanka 118

3 Variables Covered 121

4 Data Llstmg 132

5 Appendix Coding Procedures 164 3

1. CMPr3 Dataset Description

This documentation has been generated as part of the ‘Womparatwe Mamfestos Project” (CMP) The project is supported by the Research Umt “Instrtutlons and Social Change” of the Science Center Berhn for Social Research (WZB) The Comparatwe Marufestos Project Ma continuation, of the “Mamfestos Research Project” headed by Ian Budge, Umverslty of Essex It budds on the publicly avadable data that have been collected by the ECPR Mamf?sto Reseuch Group and deposited at the ESRC Data Archwe, Umverslty of Essex Tins dataset consists of 1018 electlon prograrnmes (or theu nearest equwalent) m 20 cmrntnes The post-war period untd the early 1980s Mcovered The opportumty to expand this umque data-collechon Mgratefully acknowledged The Comparatwe Mamfestos Project extends the data-base’ to all OECD countnes and selected other countries In addlhon It updates the exlstmg country mformatron for each new electlon These data are an integral pyt of a number of substantwe projects on parties and party systems m democratic regimes .The data are distributed by the ESRC Data ~chlve, Colchester, and the Zentralarchw fur ernpmche Sozlalforschung, Umversltat zu Kofn

Data Collectors Bara, J, Eahng College (London), Bergman, T, Urnverslty of Umea, Budge, 1, Umverslty of f%sex, Dlttrlch, K, Umverslty of Llmburg (Maastricht), Elhott, S , Queen’s University (Belfast), Hesrl, D J , Unwerslty of Exeter, Hofferbert, R 1, State Umverslty of New York at Bmghrpton Holmstedt, M, Umverslty of Bradford, Homer, F, Unwerslty of Salzburg, Inoguch], T, Unlverslty of Tokyo, Irwne, W P, Queen’s Urrwerslty (IGngston), Keman, H , Free Umverslty of Amsterdam, Kfmgemann, H D , Wlssenschaftszentrum Berlin, Laver, M, Umverslry College (Galway), Lelpsrt, J, Umyerslty of Bergen, Malr, P, Umverslty of Manchester, Manor, J, Umversity of Lmcester, Maatropaolo, A, Umverslty of Turin, Papadopoulos, Y., Umversltt de Lausanne, P6try, F, Umverslty of Mamtoba (Wmmpeg), Ralfmgs, C, Plymouth Polytechmc, Robertson, D R, St. Hugh’s College (Oxford), Schou, T L, Umverslty of Copenhagen, SIater, M , Umverslty of Essex, Strom, K, UCC San Diego, Tops, P, ~he Netherlands), VolJrens, A, Wlssenschaftszentrum Berhn. 4

CMPr3-files CMPr3.sys: SPSS-PC+ system-file CMPr3.asc: ascii-file + Readme.asc (set-up)

Purpose The internal analysis of election programmed (i.e. of the concerns and emphases they obtain) in comparative context

Cases 1160 content-anaiyzed election programmed (or their nearest equivalents)l from 162 parties in 20 countries, identified by a party identification number (variable: party), the year and month of the election (variable: date) and a country identification number (variable: country)

Time Period Covered Code Counrty Elections Covered first-last’ Nos’ Parties4 Casess 63 Ad Australia 1946-1987 18 4 63 42 Aut Austria 1949-1986 12 21 Bel Belgium 1946-1987 15 1; 1% 62 Can Canada 1945-1988 15 4 13 Den Denmark 1945-1988 15 lU 31 Fra France 1946-1988 8 52 41 Ger Germany 1949-1987 12 46 53 Ire Ireland 1948-1987 5 40 32 Ita Italy 1946-1987 11 78 71 Jap Japan 1960-1980 4 30 23 hx Luxembourg 1945-1984 1: 5 38 22 Net The Netherlands 1946-1986 13 9 69 64 New New Zealand 1946-1987 15 3 41 12 Nor Norway 1945-1985 11 9 71 11 Swe Sweden 1948-1988 6 71 51 UK United Kingdom 1945-1987 ;: 3 39 61 USA United States 1948-1988 11 4 24

72 Isr Israel 1949-1988 12 34 108 52 Nir Northern Ireland 1945-1973 8 21 73 Sri Sri Lanka 1947-1977 7 ; 13

Total 248 162 1160

1 see section 2 for countq specific details 2 elections for which documents am coded 3 number of elections covered 4 excluding electoral alliances 5 number of coded documems Parties Covered

11110 ‘SWE Ecology Party’ 11220 ‘SWE VK COmmumst Party’ 11320 ‘SWE SSA Socml Democrats’ 11420 ‘SWE FP Peoples Party’ 11620 ‘SWE MS Moderate Umty Party’ 11810 ‘SWE CP Centre Party’

12220 ‘NOR NKP Commumst Party’ 12221 ‘NOR SLP Socmhst Left Party’ 12320 ‘NOR DNA Labour Party’ 12410 ‘NOR DLF Liberal Peoples Paty’ 12420 ‘NOR Ven Liberals’ 12520 ‘NOR KF Chnstlan Peoples Party’ 12620 ‘NOR Hoyre Cmrservahves’ 12810 ‘NOR SP Centre Party’ 12951 ‘NOR FP Progress Party’

13210 ‘DEN VS Left Soclabst Party’ 13220 ‘DEN DKP Commumst Party’ 13221 ‘DEN Common Course’ 13230 ‘DEN SF Soclalrst Peoples Party’ 13320 ‘DEN Soc Social Democrahc Party’ 13330 ‘DEN CD Centre Democrats’ 13410 ‘DEN RadVen Radical Liberal Party’ 13420 ‘DEN Ven Liberal Party’ 13421 ‘DEN 1P Independent Party’ 13422 ‘DEN LC Liberal Centre’ 13520 ‘DEN KrlstFol Chnstm Peoples Party’ 13620 ‘DEN Kens Conservative Peoples Party’ 13951 ‘DEN Frem Progress Party’ 13952 ‘DEN Rets Justice Party’ 13953 ‘DEN DU Damsh Umf;catlon’

21320 ‘BEL PSB-BSP Soclahst Party’ , 21321 ‘BEL SP Flemlsh Socmhst Party’ 21322 ‘BEL PS Francophone Sociahst Party’ 21323 ‘BEL BSP Walloon Soclahst Party’ 21324 ‘BEL PSB Brussels Socialist Party’ 21420 ‘BEL PLP-PW Liberal Party’ 21421 ‘BEL PW Flc.mlshLiberal Party’ I 21422 ‘BEL PRL Francophone Liberal Party’ 21424 ‘BEL PLDP Brussels Liberal Party’ 21520 ‘BEL PSC-CVP Chnatlan Peoples Party’ 21521 ‘BEL CVP Flemrsh Chnstmn Peoples Party’ 21522 ‘BEL PSC Francophone Chnstmn Peoples Party’ 21523 ‘BEL PSC Wslloon Chnshan Peoples Party’ 21524 ‘BEL PSC Bmssels Chnstmrr Peoples Pmty’ 21911 ‘BEL RW Wslloon Rally’ 21912 ‘BEL FDF French-Speskmg Front’ 21913 ‘BEL DU Flemrsh People’s Umon’ 21991 ‘BEL PS/PSC/FDF’ 21992 ‘BEL PIJFDF 6

22310 ‘NET: PPR Radical Political Party’ 22320 ‘NET PvdA Labour Party’ 22330 ‘NET D 66 Democrats 66’ 22420 ‘NET: VVD Liberal Partv’ 22521 “NET CDA Christian Democratic Appeal’ 22522 ‘NET. KVP Catholic Peoples Party’ 22523 ‘NET ARP Anti-Revolutronary Party’ 22524 ‘NET DS 70 Democratic Socialists 70’ 22525 ‘NET CHU Christian Historical Union’ 22991 ‘NET PvdA/D66/PPR The Progressive Three’ 22992 ‘NET ARP/CHU/KVP’

23112 ‘LUX: GA Green Afternative’ 23220 ‘LUX: PCL/KPL Communist Party’ 23320 ‘LUX: POSL/LSAP Social Democratic Party’ 23420 ‘LUX: PD/DP Democratic Party’ 23520 ‘LUX: PCWCSV Christian Social Party’

31220 ‘FM PCF Communist Party’ 31320 ‘FRA: PS Socialist Party’ 31421 ‘FIL% RRS Radical Socialist Party’ 31521 ‘FRA: MRP Popular Republican Movement’ 31522 ‘FM. Democratic Centre’ 31621 ‘FfL& Gaullists’ 31622 ‘FR,& Conservatives’ 31623 ‘FRA Poujadists’ 31991 ‘FRA: PCF/PS’ 31992 ‘FRA Gaullists/Conservatives’ 31993 ‘FRA P!YRRS’ 31994 ‘FRA Centre/RRS’ 31995 ‘FRA: Centre/Conservatives’

32110 ‘ITA Greens’ 32210 ‘ITA PDUP Proletarian Unity’ 32211 ‘ITA. DP Proletarian Democracy’ 32220 ‘ITA PCI Communist Partv’ 32310 ‘ITA. PR Radical Party’ - 32320 ‘ITA PSI Socialist Party’ 32330 ‘ITA PSDI Social Democratic Party’ 32410 ‘ITA PRI Republican Party’ 32420 ‘ITA: PLI Liberal Party’ 32520 ‘ITA DC Christian Democratic Party’ 32710 ‘ITA MSI-DN Social Movement’

41111 ‘GER: The Greens’ 41220 ‘GER: KPD Communist Party’ 41320 ‘GER: SPD Social Democrats’ 41420 ‘GER: FDP Free Democratc Party’ 41521 ‘GER: CDU/CSU Christian Democratic Union’ 41522 ‘GER: DZ Centre Party’ 41620 ‘GER: DP German Party’ 41711 ‘GER: WAV Economic Reconstruction League’ 41712 ‘GER: DKPmRP German Reich Party’ 41911 ‘GER: BP Bavarian Party’ 41912 ‘GER: SSW South Schleswig Voters League’ 41951 ‘GER: GB/BHE Refugee Party’ 7

42110 ‘AUT GA Green Alternates’ 42320 ‘AUT SPO Soclahsts’ 42420 ‘AUT FPO Freedom Party’ 42520 ‘AUT OVP Peoples Party’

51320 ‘UK Labour Party’ 51420 ‘UK Llbcral Party’ 51620 ‘UK Conservatwe Party’ 51991 ‘UK Alhance’

52320 ‘NIR Labour Party’ 52620 ‘NIR”Umontst Party’ 52710 ‘NIR Nahonahst Party’

53220 ‘IRE WP Workers Party’ 53320 ‘IRE Labour Party’ 53420 ‘IRE PDP Progresswe Democratic Party’ 53520 ‘IRE Fme Gael’ 53620 ‘IRE Fmna Fad’ 53991 ‘IRE CcmMon’

61320 ‘USA Democrats’ 61620 ‘USA Repubhcans’ 61622 ‘USA Progresswe Party’ 61911 ‘USA States Right Party’

62320 ‘CAN NDP New Democratic Party’ 62420 ‘CAN Liberal P@y’ 62620 ‘CAN”Con Progresswe Ccmservatwe Party’ 62951 ‘CAN Socml Credit’

63320 ‘AUL ALP Labour Party’ 63330 ‘AUL Dcmocrauc Labour Party’ 63620 ‘AUL LP Liberal Party’ 63810 ‘AUL NCP Nahonrd Country Party’

64320 ‘NEW Labour Party’ 64620 ‘NEW NahonaJ Party’ 64951 ‘NEW Social CrcddDemocratlc Party’

71220 ‘JAP JCP Kyessnto’ 71320 ‘JAP JSP Shakano’ 71530 ‘JAP CGP Komelto’ 71620 ‘JAP LDP Jlyummshuto’ , 8

72220 ‘ISR: Maki Communist Party’ 72221 ‘ISR: Moked/Shelli’ 72222 ‘ISR: Progressive List For Peace’ 72225 ‘ISR: Rakah/Hadash’ 72310 ‘ISR: Ratz Citizens Rights Movement’ 72311 ‘ISR: Mapam United Workers Party’ 72320 ‘ISR: Ma-arach I Alignment 1’ 72321 ‘ISR. Ma-arach H Alignment 11’ 72322 ‘ISR: Rafi Reshimat Poalei Israel’ 72323 ‘ISR: ILP Labour Party’ 72324 ‘lSR Mapai Workers Party’ 72325 ‘ISR: Achdut Ha-avodah’ 72410 ‘ISR: Progressive/Independent Liberal’ 72411 ‘ISR: Liberal Party’ 72412 ‘ISR: Dash Democratic Movement for Change’ 72413 ‘ISR: Shinui Change’ 72414 ‘ISR: Yachad Together’ 72420 ‘ISR: General Zionist’ 72425 ‘ISR. Ometz Courage’ 72530 ‘ISR: National Religious Party’ 72531 ‘ISR: Agudat Israel’ 72532 ‘ISR Tami Movement for Tradition’ 72533 ‘ISR: Shas Sephardi Torah Movement’ 72534 ‘ISR: Morasha Heritage’ 72610 ‘ISR Free Centre’ 72611 ‘ISR: State List’ 72612 ‘ISR: Tehiya Renaissance Movement’ 72613 ‘ISR: Tsomet Crossroads’ 72614 ‘ISR: Degel Hatorah’ 72615 ‘ISR: Moledet Homeland’ 72620 ‘ISR: Herut Freedom Partv’ 72621 ‘ISR: Gahal Freedom Lib&al B1ocF 72622 ‘ISR: Likud Union’ 72623 ‘ISR: Shlomzion Peace for Zion’

73310 ‘SRI: SLFP Freedom Party’ 73330 ‘SRI: UNP United National Party’

Data Sources Original documents supplied by parties or held by national libraries/archives. Newspaper reports and/or summaries’.

Variables Fifty-six specially derived issue categories’ grouped into seven major policy areas. The coding categories are designed, as far as possible, to be comparable both between countries and over time.

6 see scclion 2 on country specific dcl.its 7 see scc(ion 3 for de!aits Number of Variables 63 (56 categories plus ldenhflcatlon numbers for countnes, parties, and electron years and dates)

Data Entrfes Percentages of categories Because of the different length of documents, the number of (qua.w-) sentences m each category M standardized taking the total number of (quasi-) sentences m the respectwe docunients as a base In the data set each of these categories ISa variable that represents the percentages

Sequence of Variables 1 country/2 party/3 date/4 year/5 synyear/ 6 perlO1/ 7 per102/ 8 per103/ 9 per104/ 10 per105/ 11 per106/ 12 per107/ 13 per108/14 per109/ 15 perl10/ 16 per201/ 17 per202/ 18 per203/ 19 per204/ 20 per301/ 21 per302/ 22 per303/ 23 per304/ 24 per305/ 25 per401/ 26 per402/ 27 per403/ 28 per404/ 29 per405/ 30 per406/ 31 per407/ 32 per408/ 33 per409/ 34 per410/ 35 per411/ 36 per412/ 37 per413/ 38 per414/ 39 per415/ 40 per416/ 41 per501/ 42 per502/ 43 per503/ 44 per504/ 45 per505/ 46 per506/ 47 per507/ 48 per601/ 49 per602/ 50 per603/ 51 per604/ 52 per605/ 53 per606/ 54 per607/ 55 per608/ 56 per701/ 57 per702/ 58 per703/ 59 per704/ 60 per705/ 61 per706/ 62 uncodedl 63 totaf

Publications of tbe Manifesto Research Project Budge, 1 and Hofferbert, R 1, Mandates and Policy Outputs U S Puty Platforms and Federal Expcndltures (m American Pohtical Science Review 84, pp 111-131, 1990) Budge, 1, Robertson, D R and Hearl, D (eds ), Ideology, Strategy and Party Movement Spahal Analyses of Post-War ElectIon Programmed m 19 Democracies (Cambridge Cambridge Umverslty Press 1986) Hofferbert, R I and Budge, 1, The Party Mandate and the Westminster Model ElectIon Prograrnmes and Government Spending m Bntam, 1945-1985 (m Brmsh Journal of Pohtlcal Science 22, pp 151-182, 1992) Hofferbert, R I and Klmgemann, H -D, The Pohcy Impact of Party Programs and Government Declaration m the Federal Repubhc of Germany (m European Journal of Polmcsf Research 18, pp 277-304, 1990) Klmgemann, H -D , Hofferbert, R I and Budge, Ian, w]th Keman, H , Bergman, T, Pr5try,F and Strom, K, Parties, Pohcles, and Democracy (Boulder Westvlew Press 1994) Laver, Michael and Ian Budge (eds ), Party Pobcy and Government Coahtlons (Houndmdls, Basrngstoke, Hampshire, and London MacMdlan 1993)

8 see ~ppendm for detads 10

2. Parties, Time Periods, and Documents Covered

The following country-specific sections provide documentation for: a. fists of parties and time periods covered in the dataset CMPr3 b. the documents coded 11

2.1.a Australian Parties Coded

MIRIParty ElectIonsz NOS3 CM@ first-last 1 ALP-Austrafmn Labor Party 1946-1987 18 63320 21 DLP-Democratlc Labor Party 1955-1977 10 63330 18 LP-Llbcral Party of Australia 1946-1987 18 63620 7 Country Part 1946-1987 18 63810 renamed:N t P-National Country Part m 1975 renamed: NPA-Natlonal Party of Ausrahar’ m 1982 Total number of documents 63

1 Codes as gwen m Timmas MackleK(lchtrd Rose, The Intern.lwnal Almanac of Electoral Hutory, HoundmAL% Basmgslok., Ham sbm, hndon 1991 2 Elecuoosforwimc [ documenlsarecoded 3 Number ofcodcddocument! 4 fimpUaUW Manlfeslm PrOJect&e fOrpaflles 12

2.1.b Australian Documents Covered

MJL: ALP AWL: Dem AWL: Lib AUL: NCP Labour )cratic eral Par Nationa ROW 53320.00 ;3330 .00 63620.00 63810.00 Total DATE ------4609.00 1 1 1 3 ------, - _;_,- --- 4912.00 1 1 3 ------5104.00 1 1 1 3 ------5405.00 1 1 1 3 .------. 5512.00 1 1 1 3 ------5811.00 1 1 1 1 4 ------6112.00 1 1 1 1 4 ------6311.00 1 1 1 1 4 ------6611.00 1 1 1 1 4 ------6910.00 1 1 1 1 4 ------, ,-+- --- 7212.00 1 1 4 .------7405.00 1 1 1 1 4 ------7512.00 1 1 1 1 4 ------7712.00 1 1 1 1 4 ------8010.00 1 1 1 3 ------8303.00 1 ‘1 1 3 ------8412.00 1 1 1 3 ------8707.00 1 1 1 3 ------Column 19 10 19 18 63 13

63320 ALP Australian Labor Party

1946 ‘Prmre Mmster announces Labor Pohcy’ SMH3.946 1949 ‘Chffley gwes Labor Pohcy’ SMH1511 49 1951 ‘Exchange Rate to be Mamtamed’ SMH29351 1954 ‘Evatt outlines Labor Pohcy’ SMH7554 1955 ‘labor would mcreme PensIons ‘ SMH1011 55 1958 ‘Evatt Promises Wide Berieflts ‘ SMH1610 58 1961 ‘labor Plan on Housnre’ SMH1711 61 i963 ‘Calwell Lmts Mam Poll Issties’ SMH711 63 1966 ‘Conscnptlon Mthe major Issue it Poll’ AGE 111166 1969 ‘Time for a Change, says WJMlam’ S,MH210 69 1972 ‘Wtutlam Labor’s Pohcy for Austraha’ SMH1411 72 1974 ‘Labor Pohcy’ SMH304 74 1975 ‘Wiutlam pleads for another chance for Labor’ SMH 251175 1977 ‘labor Party Pohcy Speech 197? SMH 18.1177 1980 ‘Hayden promises a more equal society’ SMH 2.1080 1983 Pohcy Speech Federal ElectIon Campaign OPR Launch “ 1984 1984 Pohcy Speech Presented by the Prime OPR Mmlster. November 13.1984 1987 Electlon”Camp~gn Pol;cy Launch. Sydney Opera OPR House, 23 June 1987

63330 DLP Democratic Labor Party

1955* ‘Bitter attack on Evatt by Joshua’ SMH 11.: 155 1958 Senator Cole’s Policy Speech Ongmal 1961 “New Concepts” needed for nahon’s problems SMH91: 61 1963 D L.P Pohcy Speech Ongmal 1966 For a safe and prosperous Aust&lla Ongutal 1969 ‘Double defence spending - DLP’ $~H ~: 069 1972 ‘DLP demands action on pdrmtssweness’ 1.72 1974 ‘Prescnptlon for sulclde’ SMH29, 74 1975 Federal Poltcy Speech Originrd 1977 ‘The DLP pohcy m detad’ “ AGE 211177 * AntKommumst Labor Party m 1955 14

63620 LP LiberaI Party

1946 ‘Menzies outfines Liberal Party’s Policy’ SMH 21.8.46 1949 ‘Menzies gives Policy’ SMH1l.11.49 1951 ‘Menzies’ Policy Speech’ SMH4.4.51 1954 Joint Policy Speech; Federal Election 1954 Original 1955 Federal Election 1955; Joint Policy Speech Original 1958 Federal Election 1958; Joint Policy Speech Original 1961 “Good Government’ Pledge By Menzies’ SMH 16.11.61 1963 ‘Menzies opens poll campaign’ SMH 13.11.63 1966 ‘Ourgreatest decade ahead’ AGE 9.10.66 1969 ‘Prime Minister’s Policy Speech..: SMH 9.10.69 1972 ‘McMahon: Changing values...’ SMH 15.11.72 1974 ‘Liberaf Policy’ SMH 1.5.74 1975 ‘PM delivers Liberal Party policy speech’ SMH 28.11.75 1977 ‘Liberal Party Policy Speech 1977’ SMH 22.11.77 1980 ‘Plea by Fraser to nations:...’ SMH 1.10.80 1983 1983 Policy Speech OPR 1984 1984 Policy Speech. The Liberal Direction fot OPR Austrafia. ‘Stand up for your Family’ 1987 ‘Get in Front Again’. Television Campaign OPR Opening June 25, 1987

63810 NCP National Country Party

1946 ‘Fadden for bigger tax cut’ SMH 4.9.46 1949 ‘Mr. Fadden gives details’ SMH 18.11.49 1951 ‘Woolgrowers told, “We saved you’” SMH 5,4.51 1954 ‘Fadden hits at Labor’ SMH 11.5.54 1958 ‘McEwen tells of Government’s achievements’ SMH 1.11.58 1961 ‘Pledge by McEwen to protect industries’ SMH21.11.61 1963 ‘C.P. Policy announced by McEwen’ SMH 15.11.63 1966 ‘We wifl grow, prosper’ AGE 10.11.66 1969 ‘Farmers will get continued aid’ AGE 10.10.69 1972 ‘National body urged for development’ SMH21.11.72 1974 ‘Poll is fight for democracy’ AGE 8.5.74 1975 ‘Rural discrimination to end SMH 27.11.75 1977 Protect your Future Original 1980 Keeping Australia strong Original 1983 Policy Speech. 21 February 1983 OPR 1984 1984 Policy Speech. 8 November 1984 OPR 1987 Election ’87 Policy Speech. June 21st OPR

KEY

SMH = Sydney Morning Herald AGE = The Age OPR = Original Press Release 15

2.2,a Austrian Parties Coded

M/RI Party ElectIonsz NOS3 CM@ first-last 15 GA-Die Grune Altematwe 1986 1 42110 (Green Alternate) 1 SP&Sozrallstlsche Partel Osterrelchs 1949-1986 12 42320 (Soclahsts) 11 VdU-Verband der Unabhanglgen (League of 1949-1986 11 42420 Independents tenarned FP&-Frelhelthche Partei us 1956 Osterrelchs (Freedom Party) 2 OVP-Osterrelchlsche Volkspartel 1949-1986 12 42520 (Austrian People’s Party) Total number of documents 36 16

2.2.b Austrian Documents Covered

AUT : GA AUT : SPO AUT : FPO AUT : OVP Green Al Socialis Freedom Peoples ROW 42110. 00142320. OO 42420.00142520.001 Total DATE ------4910.00 1 1 1 3 ------5302.00 1 1 1 3 ------5605.00 1 1 1 3 ------5905.00 1 1 1 3 ------6211.00 1 1 1 3 ------I------I 6603.00 1 1 2 ------.------7003.00 1 1 1 3 ------7110.00 1 1 1 3 ------.------7510.00 1 1 1“ 3 ------7905.00 1 1 1 3 ------, ,-, --- , 8304.00 1 3 ------I------) 8611.00 1 1 1111 4 ------I ------I Column 2 13 12 ‘ 13 ‘ 36 17

42111 GA Die Grune Alternative (Green Alternatlve~

1986 Grime Alternatwen fur em neues &terre]ch Offenes Krrrzprogranrm Ongmal

42320 SPO Sozialistische Partei Osterreichs (SociaIists~

1949 ‘4rr das osterrelchlsche Volk’, Wabfaufruf 1949 DVM 1949 1953 ‘4rr dss osterrelchlsche Volk’, Wahlaufruf 1953 DVM 1953 1956 ‘% das osterrelchlsche Volk’, Wshlaufruf 1956 DVM 1956 1959 ‘Geht mlt der Zeltl Geht mlt der SPC)I’, Wahlaufnrf 1959 DVM 1959 1962 SPO-Wahlparole ‘Osterrelch dlenenl’ DVM 1963 1966 ‘Programm fur Osterrelch’ B 1967 1970 ‘Lcxtung, Aufstleg, S]cherhed fur em modemes &terrelch’, Wahlaufruf 1970 DVM 1970 1971 Fur em modernes &.terrelch und scme Menschen Orlgmsf 1975 S!cherhelt und etne gute Zukunft fur ~sterrelch Orlgmal 1979 Der osterrelchlsche Weg m dle 80er Jshre Ongmal 1983 Wahlprogrrrmm der SPO Ongmal 1986 Das Vranltzky-Programm “Vor uns hegt das neue &terrelch” Onginrd

42420 FPO Freiheitliche Partei Osterreichs (Freedom Party)

1949 Das P~ogramm des Verbsrrdes der Unabhsnglgen, 1949 B 1967 1953 Das ‘ArrBereProgramm’ des Verbrmdes der Unabhanglgen 1954 B 1967 1956 Das Kurzprogramm der FP~, 1956 B 1967 1959 Rlchthmen frelhelthcher Pohtrk m osterrelch B 1967 1962 Das ‘Safzburger Bekenntms’ der FP~, 1961 B 1967 1966 document mlssmg 1970 Formel 70 Ongural 1971 FP()-Schwerpunkte mr neuen Natlonafrat Ongmal 1975 Wahlplattform der FP~ Ongmal 1979 Frel seur statt abhsnglg Ongmal 1983 Dle Wsblplaltform 1983 der Frelhelthchen Partel “Am 24 Aprd fur &terrelch Dle Frelhelthchen” FA 1986 ‘Unser ~sterrelch’ Jorg Halder Em Pohuker der neuen Art Dle Frelhelthchen Ongmaf &terrelch 1990 frelhelthch Ongural 18

42620 OVP Osterreichkche Volkspartei (Austrian People’s Party)

1949 Die prograrnmatischen Leitsatze OVP, 1945 B 1967 1953 ‘%llesfiir Osterreich’, programmatische Grundsatze der OVP, 1952 Original 1956 ‘Schwerpunkte des Wahlkampfes’ and ‘Von Wahl zu Wah~ OMH 1956 1959 ‘Was wir wollen’, Grundsatzprogramrn der OVP, 1958 B 1967 1962 Wahlaufruf und Wahlrrromamm der OVP Original 1966 ‘Sicherheit fiir alle’, W’ahl~rogramm der ~VP: 1966 Original 1970 ‘Fortschrltt und Sicherheit’, das Arbeitsprogramm de! OVP Original 1971 107 Vorschlaze fiir Osterreich Original 1975 ‘Herausfordefing 75’, Wrrhlprogramm der OVP Original 1979 ‘Fur einen neuen Friihling in Osterreich’, Wahlprogramm 1979 Original 1983 ‘Jetzt mit Mock’ MM 1983 1986 ‘Osterreich zuerst.’ Das Mock-Programm fiir eine Wende zum Besseren Original

~

B 1967 Klaus Berchtold (cd), &.terreichische Parteiprogramme 1868-1966, Munich 1967 DVM Der Vertrauensmann (Monthly Journal of the SPO) OMH — Osterreichisches Monatsheft (Monthly Journal of the OVP) freie Argumente. freiheitfiche Zeitschrift fiir Politik 10. Jg. 1983, Folge 1 ~AM Mitarbeiter Magazin 8. Jg., la 19

2.3.a Belgian Parties Coded

M/R’ Party ElectIonsz NOS3 CMP’ first-last 3 BSP/PSB-Belglsche Soclahshsche 1946-1977 11 21320 Partq/Partl soc]ahste beige (f3elgmn Soclahst Party) 30 BSP-Belgrsche Soclahstlwhe 1977-1987 5 21321 Partq (Flemlsh Soclahst Part renamed SP-SoclalMlsche P’artq m 1980 (Flemlsb\ Socmhst Partv). . 31 PS-Partl soclahste 1978-1987 4 21322 (Francophone Soclahst Party) BSP Wallome Soclahst Party 1977 1 21323 (sphnter party) PSB Brussels Soclahst Party 1977 1 21324 (sphnter party) 2 LlberaJe Parh /Partr hb?ral 1946-1971 9 21420 ~;:g;;a~t & V&#te.j2~~~&~a%%e la ‘n 1961 (Party of Liberty and Progress) 21 PW-partlJ voor Vrqheld en 1974-1987 6 21421

&#%%erty. . and Progress) 22 PLP-Partl de la hbert? et du 1974-1987 6 21422 progr6s Part of Liberty and Progress), rename$ PI&W-P@~des m 1976 r?formes et de la hbert? de WalJottle ~~:~:e~h~~~~~~l;j~omateur in 1979 hb?d (Frartcorrhone. . Llberrds) 23 PL-Partl hb?raJ 1971-1978 4 21424 (Brussels Liberal Party renamed PLDP - PariI hb.%af m 1974 d6mocrate et phsrahste fLlberal Democratic and Plurahst Party)

1 PSC/CVP-Partl social chr2.tlen/ 1946-1977 10 21520 Chrrsteh ke Vokspaftq k%%:%%%%%%’ People’s Party)

1 Cnde.s as gwen m Thomas Mackle/Richard Rose, The Internal imal Almanac cf Electoral Hwmy, Houndmllb, Bs.smgstokc, Hampsimre, London 1991 2 Elextmns for which documenb are coded 3 Number of coded documenu 4 Cnmpamlwe Mmtfestm Project cd. for pmlIes 20

Belgian Parties Coded (continued)

M/R Party Elections Nos CMP t’irst-last 19 CVP,-Christelijke Volkspartij 1968-1987 ‘1 21521 (Chnstlan People’s Party) 20 PSC:Parti social chr6tien 1968-1987 8 21522 (Chnst~an Soc}al Party) PSC Wallon Christian Social Party 1974 + 1977 2 21523 (splinter party) in 1977 PSC Ffancophon Brussels 1974 + 1977 2 21524 Chr~stlanSoc~al Party (splinter party) 18 RW Rassemblement wallon since 1968 5 21911 (Walloon Rally) 14 FDF-Fropt dimocratique des 1965 7 21912 Bruxellols francophones (Francophone Democratic Front) ii Frontpartij Front Party) 1919-39 10 21913 renamed: $ NV-Vlaamsch in 1936 Natioqaaf Verbond (Flemish National Lea ue) renamed: Vlaamsch. 8 oncentratie in 1949 (Flemmh Conc9ntrat10n renamed: Chnstehjke J.laamse 1954-1987 Volksume (Flemlsh Christian Peoples’ Umon) renamed W - De Volksunie in 1954

Joint Programmed: PS/PSC/FDF 1978 1 21991 PL/FDF 1974 1 21992 Total number of documents 100 21

2.3.b Belgian Documents Covered

IBEL Ps8 BEL SP B8L, PS BEL BSP BEL PSB BEL PLP I -BSP S0. Flemish Frmmaph Walloni Brusmr,l -Pw Lib Row 121320 00121321 00121322 00121323 00121324 00121420 001 Total dam ------t------i------i------1------I------i------i 4602 00 3 1-----:--i------i------i------[------!-----:-- i 4906 00 3 I-----: -- !------l------i ------i ------!-----: --i 50o6 00 3 I-----:-- l------i------I------1------{-----:--1 5404 00 I 3 1-----: --1------1 ------1------!------1-----: --! 5806 00 3 1-----: -- i------1------1------;------1-----:--1 6103 00 4 I-----:--i------1------i------!------l-----:--l 6505 00 4 1-----:--i------i------!------!------i-----:--! 6803 00 6 I-----:-- i------!------! ------i------!-----: --i 7111 00 0 I-----:-- !------i------i------i------1.----:-- ! 7403 00 13 :-----:--!------/------!------/------/------/ 7704 00 15 1-----:--!-----:-- !------1-----:-- i-----:--i------i 7012 00 11 l------i-----U----:-- !------i------i------1 ‘911100 9 l------l-----:--l-----:--1------1----:---!------1 8510 00 e I------l-----:--i-----:--1------!------1------1 8712 00 I 7 1------!-----:-- 1-----:--1------1------I------I column 11 5 4 1 1 9 100 22

2.3.b Belgian Documents Covered (Continued)

BEL : PW BEL: PRL BEL: PLD BEL : PSC BEL : CVP Flemish Fre.ncq P Brus8e -CVP Chr Flemish Row 121421.00121422.00[21424.00121520.00/21521.001 Total DATE ------1------I------l------I------l------I 4602.00 ii 1 I Ii I 3 I------l------I------I------I------I 4906,00 11 3 I------i ------! ------I------I------I 5006.00 3 1------1------1------1-----: -- ;------1 5404.00 3 I------i ------i ------I-----: --! ------i 5806.00 3 I------i ------I------I-----: --i ------i 6103.oo 4 l------i ------i ------! -----: -- i------i 6505.00 4 I------i ------1------i-----: -- i------i 6803.00 6 1------!------1------l------i-----:--l 7111.00 8 /------/------;-----: -- ;-----: --I ------: 7403.00 13 1-----: --1-----:--1-----:-- i-----:-- i-----:--l 7704.00 15 l-----: --i -----: --{-----: --1-----:-- 1-----: --1 7812.00 11 I-----: -- i-----: -- i-----: -- i------I-----:--i 8111.00 9 1-----: -- !-----: -- i------1------1-----: --1 8510.00 e 1-----:-- !-----:-- 1------1------1-----: --i 0712.00 7 I-----: --! -----: --! ------! ------i-----:-- ! column 6 6 4 10 7 100 23

23.b Belgian Documents Covered (continued)

IBEL PSC BEL PSC BEL PSC BEL RW BEL FDF BEL W BEL PSI BEL PL/ I ?ranc.ap Wall.ani Brum.al wall-n French- F1.mimh PSCIFDF PDF ROW 121522 00121523 00!21524 00121911 00121912 00121913 00121991 00121992 001 Total DATE .------.1------1---_l ------I------i---I ____-1 ------I------I 4602 00 3 1------1------1------l------l------l------1------1------1 4906 00 3 l------l------l------i ------~------l ------l------~------l 5006 00 3 I------1------l------i ------1------1------l------~------l 5404 00 3 I------~ ------1 ------I------1------l------~ ------l------I 5806 00 3 1------1------1------1 ------1------1------I------l------I 6103 00 It 4 1------!------l------i ------I------1------1------1------I 65o5 00 I I I I I I 11 I I 4 1------1------1------1 ------1------1 ------l------l------I 6803 00 11 1111 6 1------I------1------l------I------l------l------1------I 7111 00 11 11 11 8 I------1 ------i ------!------1-----: -- i------l------l------! 7403 00 11111111111 I 13 I-----;--~ -----; --~------1------1------l------I------l-----:--! 1704 00 1111 15 1------I------1-----:--1-----:-- !------1 ------l-----; --~------l 7012 00 11 111111 11 \-----; -- {------~------1-----; -- ~------l-----; --~------l------I B1ll 00 9 I-----;------l------l------l-----:--l-----;-- ~------l------l 0510 00 11 8 1------1------1------1 ------l-----;-- ~------1------1 8712 00 11 7 1------1------I------1------l------l------l------l------I column 8 2 2 5 7 10 1 1 100 24

Socialist ‘Family’

21320 BSP/PSP Belgische Socialistische PartWParti socialist bel~ (Belgian Socialist Party)

1946 ‘A tous les travailleurs!’ 1949 Programme du 4 ans 1950 ‘Le part socialist beige s’addresse au pays’ 1954 La Plate-forme 61ectorale du PSB 1958 Quatre anntes du Gouvernement de Gauche 1961 Plateforme 61ectorale socialist 1965 Programme pour les Elections 16gislatives du PSB 1968 ‘Programme PSB’ 1971 Programme .51ectoraledu PSB 1974 Le programme socialist pour une soci6t6 progressiste 1977 Le programme du gouvemement du PSB

21321 SP Socialistische Part~i (Flemish Socialist Party]

1977 Information missing 1978 Programma Vlaamse Socialisten: 17.12.78 Verkiezingen 1981 Verkiezingsprogramma 1985 ‘Werk, Rechtvaardigheid en Vrede’. Original 1987 SP-Verkienzingsmanifest. Original

21322 PS Parti socialist (Francophone Socialist Party~

1978 Faire fiice - construire l’avenir 1981 Le programme complet du parti socialist 1985 a) Programme Institutionnel et Socio-Economique. Original b) Programme Complementaire a I’Accord PS-FGTB 13. Octobre 1985. Original 1987 Programme du PS. Original

21323 BSP WalIoon Socialist Party (splinter party~

1977 Information missing

21324 PSB Brussels Socialist Party (splinter partyj

1977 Information missing 25

Liberal ‘Family’

!, 1946 ‘Guide Pratlque du conf6rencler llb6ral’ (extracts) 1949 Le partl hbgral s’addresse au pays 1950 Le parh hb6ral s’addresse au pays 1954 Programme Elections 16glslatives 1951 1958 Programme du parh hb?ial 1961 ‘Vod?tpourquol vousdevez voter 1’ ‘Waarom PW7’ 1965 1’8., 1968 Perspectwes PLP 1971 ElectIons 1971 Prograrnrne natlonale

21421 PVV Partij voor Vrijheid en ‘Vooruitgang (Party of Liberty and Progress)

1974 ‘Het la TIJdl’ ‘,’, 1977 ‘Bekwaam, Zelfstandlg, Verdraagzaam, Zeket’ 1978 ‘Uverdient 6cht beter’ 1981 PW - ‘nu of noolt - Persnota’ 1985 ‘Er MOpmew een Toekomst’ OrlgmaJ 1987 PW Programma 13 december Orlgmal

21422 PRL Parti reformateur Iibtral (l%ancophone Liberals~ V’ Ill 1974 Plateforme 61ectorale du PLP waJJon 1977 Plateforme 41ectorale 1978 Le programme du PRLW 1981 ProJet pour Ie changement 1985 ‘La Il%erteen action’ Ongural 1987 ‘L’essenhel d’abord’ Orlgmal

11 21424 PLDP Partf r6forrnatuer lib6&l (Brussels Liberal Part~ , , ,, - ,,1! 1971 Inforrnatlon missing ~ [ 1974 Programme 61ectorale du ,PLDP 1977 Programme du Parh lib6raJ 1978 Plateforme 61ectorale du Partl hbhl 26

Christian-Social ‘Family’

21520 PSC/CVP Parti social chrMien/ChristeI~ ike Volkwarti.j (Francophone Christian Social Party and Flemish Christian People’s Party)

1946 Kerstprogramma (CEPESS reprint - extracts only) 1949 Parti Social Chr6tien - son Programme 1950 ‘Addenda’ Ala Brochure Parti Social-Chr6tien 1949 1954 CVP Programma 1954 1958 Uw Beste Kans 1961 Manifeste 61ectorale du PSC 1965 Platforme 61ectorale du PSC - Contrat ‘65-’70 1968 Document missing 1971 Programme nationale du PSC 1971 1974 Programme 41ectorale commun du PSC-CVP 1977 Programme nationale du PSC 1977

21521 CVP Christeliike Volkspartij (Christian People’s Part~

1968 De CVP doet het 1971 Document missing 1974 Programme cf’Actionr6gionale du CVP 1977 Meer dan ooit... Tindemans! 1978 Er is een uitweg met de CVP 1981 Nu te nemen of te laten: een sterk nieuw beleid 1985 ‘5.148 CVP - Leden schrijven mee het CVP - verkienzingsprogramma’. Vlaams Kristendemokratisch Weekblad ZEG met CVP-Programma 1987 Verkienzingsprogramma. ZEG Vlaams Kristdemokratisch Weekblad 10. Jahrgang Nr.27, 13.11.1987

21522 PSC Parti,j social chr&ien (Christian Social Party~

1968 Feu vert 1971 Programme d’Action r6gionale drr PSC 1974 Programme d’Action r6gionale ‘Wallonie-Brtrxelles’ du PSC 1977 Programme cYactionr6gionale ‘Wallonie-Bmxelles’ du PSC 1978 AJIer a l’essential pour rendre f’avenir possible 1981 Ala crois6e des chemins/Politiques sp6cifiques/ Programme pour la r6gion waflonne et la Communaut6 fran&aise/ Bruxelles Oui, .%5paratisteNon 1985 ‘Les dix ambitions du PSC. Priorit6s pour Ie futur gouvernement et les frrtrsrs ex~cutifs’. Original. 1987 ‘Le Courage de ses id6es. Le Cran de les applique.’ Programme Electoral Elections Legislative du 12/87. Original

21523 PSC Walloon Christian Social Party (splinter partfi

1974 La R6gion Wallonne 1977 Wallonie 27

21524 PSC Brussels Christan Social Party (splinter part~

1974 Bmxelles 1977 Bruxellcs

21911 RW Rassemblement Wallon (Walloon RallQ

1971 Une force, une doctnnc, une achon 1974 Bfitu la WaJlorue, Assauur la pohtlque 1977 J& wallon 1978 WaJlon - maftre chez tol 1981 Programmc du RW

21912 FDF Front d6mocratique des francophones brrrxellois Francoph one Democratic Front)

1968 FDF 1968 1971 1971 FDF 1974 Promamme FDF pour lC.S&lectlonsdu 10 mars 1974 1977 Bru~elJols - mah~e chez tol 1978 La hbcrtg d’ctrc BruxeUols 1981 FDF BruxelJos - MaJtre chc.ztol 1985 Information mlssmg

21913 DU De Volkaunie (people’s Union~

1961 De.Pohtlckc Tocstand 1965 Opgepaat 1968 Een Partij voor Jonge dynarmsche mense.n 1971 Programma - Aktleplan 1974 Akheplan 1977 In de Pohtleke ontwrkkchrrg van de voorbqc kwaarteeuw. 1978 Verklezmgsprogramma 17 deccrnbcr 1978 1981 Wcrk cn zekerheld m em Vlaanrse staat 1985 Information missmg 1987 Inforrnatlon mlssmg

Joint Profwammes

21991 PS-PSC-FDF 1978 D6clsration commune (alesparhs francophones de la majontt)

21992 PL-FDF 1974 Contrat de Programme de.l’AJhance PLFDF 28

2.4,a Canadian Parties Coded

M/R1Party Elections2 NOS3 CMP4 first-last 8 CCF-Cooperative Commonwealth 1945-1988 15 62320 Federation renamed: NDP-New Democratic Party in 1961 2 LP-Liberal Party 1945-1988 15 62420 1 PCP-Progressive Conservative Party 1945-1988 15 62620 10 SSC- Socred-Social Credit 1945-1968 9 62951 Total number of documents 54

1 Codes as given in Thomas Mackielltichard Rose, ‘Ibe Intem.liwml Almanac of Electoral Hktory; Hmmdmitts, Basingstoke, Hampshire, London 1991 2 Elections for which documenk are coded 3 Number of coded documents 4 Comparative Manifcstos Project code fcx parties 29

2.4.b Canadian Documents Covered

W: NDP CAN: L1b CAN: PCP CAN: SOC New Dem mal Par Progres Lal Cred ROW 52320.00 ;2420.00162620.00 62951.00 Total DATE ------.------4506.00 1 1 1 1 4 ------.------4906.00 1 1 1 1 4 ------.------530s.00 1 1 1 1 4 ------5706.00 1 1 1 1 4 ------5s03.00 1 1 1 1 4 ------.------6206.00 1 1 1 1 4 ------.------6304.00 1 1 1 1 4 ------.------6511.00 1 1 1 1 4 ------.------6806.00 1 1 1 1 4 ------7210.00 1 3 ------7407.00 1 1 1 3 ------.------7905.00 1 1 1 3 ------8002.00 1 1 1 3 ------S409.00 1 1 1 3 ------S811.00 1 1 1 3 ------.------column 15 15 15 9 54 30

62320 NDP New Democratic Party

1945 “Security with Victory’, published and distributed by the national office of the CCF 1949 ‘Security for AN, source as above 1953 ‘Humanity First’, source as above 1957 ‘Winnipeg Declaration of Principles of the Cooperative Commonwealth Federation’, source as above 1958 Campaign leaflet published by the central office of the CCF 1962 ‘The Federal Program of the New Democratic Party’, adopted by its founding convention and published and distributed by the central office of the party 1963 Campaign leaflet published by the central office of the nat[onal party 1965 Campaign leaflet published by the central office of the national party 1968 ‘New Democratic Party Program’, source as above 1972 ‘New Democratic Party Program’, source as above 1974 ‘AFree and Generous Society ’..., published and distributed by the central office nf the NDP 1979 ‘New Democratic Ideas for Working on Canada’s Future:, source as above 1980 ‘AChoice for Canadians: Policies of the New Democrahc Party’, source as above 1984 ‘ANew Democratic Future. New Opportunities for Canadians Like You.’ Original 1988 ‘Meeting the Challenge’, Ed Broadbent and the New Democrats speak up for average Canadians.

62420 LP Liberal Party

1945 News release by the National Liberal Committee 1949 ‘Resolutions adopted by the Third National Liberal Convention, Ottawa, 1948 1953 Collection of campaign speeches by party leader, published in The Canadian Liberal, Summer and Autumn, 1953 1957 Campaign speeches by the leader taken from newspapers 1958 ‘New Statements of Liberal Policy’, published by the National Liberal Federation 1962 ‘The Liberal Programmed’,published by the National Liberal Federation 1963 ‘The Policies of the Liberaf Party’, published by the National Liberal Federation 1965 ‘Speakers’Notes’, published by the Liberal Party of Canada 1968 As above 1972 Collection of campaign leaflets published by the Liberal Party of Canada and distributed by the Ottawa office 1974 AS above 1979 AS above 1980 AS above 1984 ‘The Issues’, John Turner Speaks Out. Original 1988 ‘What a Liberal Government Will Do for You.’ Original 31

62620 PCP Progressive Conservative Party

1945 ‘Bracken’s Charter for a Better Canada’, pubhshed and distributed by the Progresswe Conscrvalwe Party 1949 A letter stating polrcy signed by the leader of the Progressive Conservatwe Party and sent to newspapers ‘1953 Carnpalgn leaflets pubhshed and distributed by the Ottawa office of the Progresswe Consematwe Party 1957 ‘ANew National Pohcy’, pubhahed and distributed by the ccntraf office of the Progressive Consetvatwe Party 1958 Carrrpatgn speeches by the leader taken from newspapers ‘ 1962 Taken from newspapers 1963 Campaign leaflets pubhshcd by the central office of the Progresswe Cmtsetvattve Party 1965 ‘Pohcms for People’, pubhshed and distributed by the central office of the Progressive Cmrservatlve Party 1968 Progresswe Conservatwe Patty Handbook, pubhshed and distributed by the Progrcsswe Conservatwe Party 1972 Csmpagn leaflets pubhshed by the central office of the Progrcsswe Conservatwc Party 1974 As above 1979 A above 1980 As above 1984 PC Pohtlque stout 84 Ongrnal 1988 PC Pohtlqucs en brcf Ongmal

62951 SSC Socred-Social Credit

1945 ‘The Socml Credit Charter:, pubfisbed and distributed by the Socmf Credit Asociahon of Canada . . 1949 Campugn leaflet pubhshe.d agd distributed by the Alberta Socmf CredltL+-ague [,,.,

2.5.a Danish Parties Coded

M/RI Party Elections2 NOS3 CMP4 first-last 18 VS-Vens~re~ocialisterne 1968-1984 8 13210 (Left Soclahst Party) 9 DKP-Danrnarks Kommunistiske Parti 1945-1984 17 13220 (Commumst Party) Faelles Kurs (Common Course) 1987 1 13221 16 SF-S.ocjalistisk Folkeparti 1960-1988 13 13230 (Soclahs.t People’s Party) 4 Soc-Socialdemokratiet (Sociaf Democrats) 1945-1988 19 13320 20 CD-Centrum-Demokraterne 1973-1988 8 13330 (Centre Democrats) 5 RadVen-Radikale Venstre (Radical Party) 1945-1988 19 13410 6 Ven-Venstre (Liberals) 1945-1988 19 13420 15 De Uafhaengige (Independents’ Party) 1953-1968 6 13421 17 LC-Liberalt Centrum (Liberal Centre) 1966-1968 2 13422 19 KristFol-Kristeli@ Folke arti 1971-1988 9 13520 (Christian Peoples Partyf . 1 Kens-Kens.ervative Folkeparti 1945-1988 19 13620 (Conservatwe People’s Party) 21 Frem-Fremkridtspartiet (Progress Party) 1973-1988 8 13951 10 Rets-Retsforbundet (Justice Party) 1945-1984 17 13952 13 DS-Dansk Samling (Danish Union) 1945 1 13953 Total number of documents 166

1 Codes as given in Thomas Mackie/Richard Rose, The [nterna(irmd Almanac of Electoral History; Hmmdmilts, Basingslokc, Hampshire, London 1991 2 Elections for which documenti arc,coded 3 Number of coded documents 4 Comparative Manifcstos Project cod. for parties **1 ..:-- ..!!...... i...-. ...,,..... -1.3 00 60,, , ------...... L..- _!..... , I------.....-.------T ...,..... ,0 ,,,, ,, ------! ...------_L___ ,0 ,0,, ,, ,, r,,, I------!-- -1.-.. -!- ...I z,” ,, -----...... , ...-.------, ------, ,, ,, , ,.t,,, ....-..- ..!. - ..:- .. -: ....- ,1 ,0 ,,,, .------.-!._ -!----- .-!----- ,0 ,,,’ , ------, ------, or , , 00 ,,,, ------...... ------‘ , 00 1,,, ------.... -----... , t 00 ‘0,, -.------.------J-.. 00,,0, , ------..!. ------_L___ ‘ -.....-..2------.!----- ““‘“’s ‘ 0, ‘at’ ------I ___ ------.-!___ ,,,’ , .------_!___ ------1----- .. m ,00s * ...t------!_------.!----- 00 ,,’, * ...... -:------.-!___ 1 1 ,0 01’, ..:---- _L_. ------.------..-- T&- 00 CSSC100 ZC611 00 11*C1 00 Ozscl n VT”, q..., . .-.,, . ,..”., . M !Mo a“ !-. .,’ !-0 ..X !“0

,,1 11 9 - .!!.--- -L ...- -! ___ .-1. . _!L- --! .... _!L- .x- --!-...... ------, ..!... ------.-!___ J___ -.1 .... .-!_,-- J------1 1 x 1 ----- . . . ------. . . ------!- . .-!-- -! --- _L_------....------.-..... ,, J- .-. ------—-, - -1------:------1 ------r ------, ... ------, ,, _! ___....------.-!--- -! --- -T---- ..L..- -L_ ------...... !...-. 7, , 1 , r ------...------.. L_- _!___ -- 1------! .... ------...... 11 -!------..!. -... ..!-. ..! ------.!------!.-... ------..:___--!.- 11 , ? , 1 -...... ------..!----- _!___ _: ....- -. :-....------11 , r T x 1 x r ...------..7. . .. ----- ...... ------_L_- , .J------...... ,...... :-... .--..... J ----- .2 ------.-: .... J. ---- ,, , 1 , ...... ------!.-... ..L_. ..!------.. :------...... ----- 6 , ------! --- ..:....- ..1-.... -.1...... ------.-...... -:------.!...-. ------, T ------. ..’---- ..L.- -! ..... ------. !------1..... ------, 1 , ...... ------! ----- ..L.- _!___ ------.:..... ------...... ------‘ ------_!___ ..!._.- --!------!------!----- ...... L .------...... !-- .-!--- -!-. ------.-!.------..!------9 ------!-. -!. - ...----- .L-. ------...----- .2 ------* ------! ...... !. ------J------...----- ...,...... ----- s ------...... !--- -:--- .------!----. ------...... ------, ------L .------! --- -1-. .. ------.-!------...... !._ ------1.-. 00 OZ,clm r:,cl 00 Tr*rt00 ,2*C100 .1*CT 00 OCCC100 OCCC100 Octcl00 Ic:cl00 OCzcl00 OICC1 .3 10’..‘$1.Z~7,9.-WI lU.W1 TV...... -”.> P,-. .11.7-s-.3 .- 7..-.3 -. .J.T T- ,-0 m ,mm ax ,-. . . . ,=0 P- ,=. .2 ZUa -s ram .s ,-0 => tnm ,,, 9m n. “,

pa.mAo~ stuar.umoa qspma qs.z 34

1 13210 VS Venstresocialisterne (Left Socialist Party~

1968 Udtalelse fra Venstre-Socialisterne om Folketingsvalget den 23. januar 1968. Original 1971 Venstresocialisterne. Original 1973 VS: Program for Venstresocialisterne. Original 1975 VS Venstresocialisternes valgavis. ‘Hvad vil VS’. VS election newspaper. Original 1977 Valgudtalelse fra Venstresocialisterne. Original 1979 Venstresocialisterne. Til pressen Valgets hovedsporgsmaal. Original 1981 Venstresociatisternes valggrundlag. Original 1984 information missing

13220 DKP Danmarks Kommunistiske Parti (Danish Communist Party]

1945 ‘Folkets vilje - landets 10V’. Original 1947 ‘N@glentil Fremskridt for Folket og Danmark’. Orignal 1950 Kommunisternes valgmanifest, published in VO 10.8.50 1953 April: ‘Valgmanifest fra Danmarks kommunistiske Parti’ For fred og frihed, for trygge Ievevil!dr’, published in 1953 Sept.: Kommunistemes politiske udtalelse, published by hFc 1957 ‘Det ku’bil’ si%godt ... men’. Original 1960 ‘Mealkommunisteme for en ny politik’. Original 1964 ‘Kommunister i folfeetinget’. Original 1966 ‘Sat kommunister ind i folketinget’. Original 1968 ‘Deter samfundet, der skal laves om. Derfor ma der kommunister til.Den star vi ikke model til!’ Original 1971 ‘Derfor Kommunister’. Original 1973 ‘Kommunistemes valgopr~b: Fremad - ad nye veje’. Original 1975 ‘For et godt og bedre nyti%med en ny politik og med fremgang’. Original 1977 DKPs Valgrundlag. Original 1979 DKPs Valgoprib. Original 1981 ‘Sat K folk i tinget Kommunister’. Originaf 1984 information missing

13221 Faelles Kurs (Common Course)

1987 Danmarks nye arbejderparti: FAELLES KURS. Original 35

13230 SF Socialistisk Folkeparti (Socialist People’s Party)

1960 ‘SF Det ny psrtl 1dansk pohtdr’ Ongmal 1964 SF’s vrdgudtsJelse, AP, 6, 1964 1966 ‘Bsf med de borgerllge?’ Ongmal 1968 ‘Spd rkke hasard med flertsllet SF sizt trumf p?i~’ Origmaf 1971 Sofishshsk Fofkeparhs vaJgprogram Original 1973 ‘ en stemme pa SF er en srkker stemme’ Ongmal 1975 Valgmarufest for Soclahshsk Folkepartl 1977 Socmhstlsk Folkeparh valgmamfest OrigursJ 1979 Soclahstlsk Fofkepartfs valgmamfest Ongural 1981 SF Pohtrk ElectIon newspaper Essential pon’sts of the party programme Ongmal 1984 mformatlon mlssmg 1987 Udkast td valgmamfest folketmgsvelg september 1987 ‘For et staerkt SF! For et arbejderflertafl Typescript 1988 Valgmamfest Ongmal

13320 Soc Socialdemokratiet (Social Democrats)

1945 ‘Appel om Samlmg’, dehvered by the PM, BuhJ FS 1945 1947 ‘Fremad paarry’. Ongtmd 1950 Socmldemokratlets valgmamfes~ VO 1981950 1953 Aprd ‘Det sker nu I aprd’ Ongrnal 1953 Sept ‘Famdlen Danmsrk g~r trf vafg’ Onglrral 1957 ‘I bestemmer fremtlden’ Ongmal 1960 Soclaldemokratlets valgudtalelse 1960 Ongmsf 1964 Socmfdemokratleta vafgudtalelse, AP, 6, 1964,238-41 1966 ‘PfIvej mod nye mW Onginrd 1968 ‘Valget gdder besk=fthgelsen’. “‘t Orrgmal 1971 ‘Etgodt partr fordi’ OngmaJ 1973 Valg’73 Socmldemokraterne Ongrnal 1975 Soclafdemokraternes helhedsplan Origmsl 1977 ‘Socmldemokratlet -et samlmgspunkt I en sphttet tld’ Ongusal 1979 ‘For sammenhold og tro pfitlamhden’ Ongmrd 1981 ‘Dm hverdag er truet’ Original 1984 tnformatlon mlssmg 1987 ‘Det vd en socmldemokrahsk regermg 1987-91’ 1988 ‘Upfordmg td Danmsrk’ Ongmrd 36

13330 CD Centrum-demofcraterne (Centre Democrats~

1973 ‘MealErhard i midten: Centrumdemokrateme’. Original 1975 Centrum-Demokraternes valgoplag. Original 1977 ‘Politik - S~ det er til at forstY. Original 1979 ‘Firkkwer bringer lykke’ MCVQ; ‘Ny kurs - med nye folk’; ‘De kan stole pa CD’. Originals 1981 ‘Centrum Demokraterne x M ved valget 8. december’. Original 1984 information missing 1987 Centrum - Avisen. Original 1988 Valgmanifest. Original

13410 RadVen Det radikale Venstre (Radical Party)

1945 ‘Hvor stir De Radikale?’ Original 1947 Det radikale Venstres Appel til VaJgeme, UP 1950 Det radikale Venstres valgmanifest, pubhshed in VO 19.8.1950 1953 April: Valget. Original 1953 Sept.: De Radikales politiske udtalelse, published by MC 1957 ‘Valgets sp@rgsmiil:Kamp eller samarbejde’. Original 1960 ‘Det radikale Venstre deltager ikke i overbud o.gkzifter’. Original 1964 Det radikale Venstres valgfianifest. Original 1966 ‘Det radikale Venstre og fremtidens opgaver’. Original 1968 ‘Irrgenpatentmedicin kan genskabe sund @konomi’. Original 1971 ‘De radikafe vil forhindre, at dansk politik welter til hojre eller venstre’. Original 1973 Det Radikale Venstres valgudtalelse. Original 1975 Det radikale Venstres fofketingsgruppe, valgudtalelse. Original 1977 ‘Valget gdder: et stabilt folkestyre med radikalt prag’. Original 1979 Udtalelse fra Det Radikale Venstres Iandsm@dei Nyborg 15.-16. sept, produced by party secretariat as the manifesto equivalent for the 1979 election 1981 ‘Ungdomsledighed bekmmpes’. Original 1984 information missing 1987 ‘Det skal vi na: - i menneskelig udvikling - i respekt for naturen - i fryghed for fremtiden - det naede vi...’. Original 1988 Valgmanifest. Original 37

13420 Ven Venstre (f.Jberal Party)

1945 ‘Venstre bygger Fremhden’ Ongrnal 1947 ‘Venstre blaeser td Samhngl’ Ongutal 1950 Vcnstres vslgmamfest Pubhshed m VO 198.1950 1953 April Venstres valgopr~b Ongmal 1953 Sept Venstres pohtlske udtalelae Pubhshed by MC 1957 Venstres valgudtalelse Ongural 1960 Venstres vaJgudtalelse Ongmal 1964 ‘En ny regermg Venstre.VIJkm.eproblemerne’ Statement by Anders Andersen (leading candidate) Ongmal 1966 ‘TrJvrelgeme 1Gwekradsen Program for Valgets hovedspdrgsmasf En ny regermg Ongmal 1968 Venstres vafgprogram 1968 Ongmal 1971 Valgudtalelse fra Venstres folketmgsgruppe Ongmal 1973 ‘En ny pohtdr Venstre valg ’73’ Ongmal 1975 ‘Det forste Ar- og de naxte fire’ II>u Ongmal 1977 ‘Venstre ’77 En hberaf pohtdr 8 Hovedpunktef Ongmal 1979 Udtalelse fra Venstres Folkettngsgruppe 2891979. Ongmrd 1981 ‘Gi Danmark en chance’ Ongmal 1984 mformatlon mlssmg 1987 Valgmamfest Orlgural 1988 ‘Det handler om fnhed’ Ongmal

13421 De UaflmmgiEe (Independents’ PartyJ

1953 Sept Deuafharglges pohtlskeudtslelse, pubhshedby AIc 1957 Deuatlrrenglge Valgavls14 maJ 1957 Ongmsf 1960 De uafhzenglges valgprogram Ongttral 1964 Deuafhamglgesv algudtalelse AP,No 6, 1964, pp 269-71 1966 De uaftmmglges valgprogram ‘Et b&rgerhgt ord om polmkxhsteU,2211 1966. !1 Ongrnal 1968 ‘For Deresfremtldsskyld lukopogkes’ Ongmal

13422 LC Lfberalt Centrum (IJbersl ‘Cehtre~

1966 Udkasttd pnnclpprogram for’fll~eralt Centrum Pubhshedtrt TPO Ott 1966 1968 ‘Nu skal Iandet ledes fra strerkt centrum skab arbeJdsglzde med L LlbersJt Centrum’ Ongmal 38

13520 KrfstFol Krkteligt Folkeparti (Christian People’s Party)

1971 ’21. September KF’s dag’, published in the 1PVol. 2, No. 5 1973 ‘Valgets keme-punkter’. Original 1975 ’18 gode grunde til at stemme pi Knsteligt Folkeparti’. Original 1977 ‘18 gode grunde til at stemme pii Kristeligt Folkeparti’. Original 1979 ‘Valget er et werdivalg’. Original 1981 ‘Nu mil en ny regering til’, published in the 1P20.11.1981 Original 1984 information missing 1987 ‘Menneskelig politik! Stem Q den 8. September’. Original 1988 ‘Id6 Politik’. Original

13620 Kens Det conservative Folkeparti (Conservative People’s Party)

1945 ‘Valget konservativt set’. Original 1947 ‘Grib om Bramdemelden’. Originaf 1950 Det conservative Fotkepartis valgmanifest, published in VO 19.8.50 1953 April: ‘Deres Lod i V=gtskaafen’. Original 1953 Sept.: De Konservatives politiske udtalelse, AIC published by the Workers’ Information Centre 1957 ‘Det bliver ikke bedre f@rvi faar en ny regering’. Original 1960 ‘En fremtid i frihed’ (A Future in Freedom). Original 1964 Det conservative Folkepartis valgmanifest. ‘Borgerlig iedelse mad tryghed, frihed, velstand eller socialistisk ledelse?. Original 1966 ‘Nu geelder det: retten til at eje’. Original 1968 ‘Tryghed og tiflid’. FV 23, jan. 1968. Original 1971 ‘De naste ir’ (The Next Years). Original 1973 ‘En ny regering -en ordentlig politik’. Original 1975 ‘Valget gzelder fire ~r: Valg 75. Fv 1977 ‘ProtesNalg igen eller positiv indsats?’. Published in VT Feb. 1977 1979 ‘Sildanl@servi Danmarks uroblemer’. Original 1981 ‘S5dan l@serDanmark sins problemer’. Original 1984 information missing 1987 ‘Resultater der er werd at arbejde for’. Published in: VT 31. Aug. 1987, pp. 12-13 1988 ‘Sammenhold giver sikkerhed. Vi vil forsaette arbejdet’. Original 39

13951 Frem Fremskrfdtspattiet (progress Party)

1973 Fremskndtsparhct valggrundlag 1975 ‘De er 10 emg med os I at -afvrkhng af mdkomstskatterne - begrmrsmg af papmddet - sanenng af lovgwngen - det vd V11Fremskndtspartlet’ Ongural 1977 ‘Den forddede skat’ Pubhshed m the party perlodlcsf FS 197’7 Ongural 1979 ‘Rednmgsplanen for Danmark’ Ongmal 1981 ‘Fremskndtspartlet Rednmgsplanen for Dsnmark’ Ongmal 1984 mformatlon ‘mwsmg 1987 Fremskrldts -Partlet -forden personligefrlhed Pubbshedrn FS1987, no 27 1988 Valgmarufest. Ongmal

13952 Rets Retsforbundet (Justice Party)

1945 ‘@konomlskFngmelse er Forundsalnmgen for personhg Fnhed’ leaflet for a Copenhagen constituency Ongmal 1947 ‘@riskerDe Fnhed eller Tvang?’ Ongmal 1950 ‘VeJenfrem’, The party electlon newspaper Ongmal 1953 April ‘Lax Retsforbundet at Kende’ Ongmal 1953 Sept Retsforbundeta pohtlske udtrdelse, publlshedby Afc 1957 ‘Fremgang for Retsforbundet betyder Fremgang for hele det danske FolJd Ongmal 1960 ‘Retsforbundets folketmgsgruppe har ldag f@lgendevalgopr?iti Ongmal 1964 Retsforbundets valgudtafelse, pubhshed m APno 6,1964 1966 Retsforbundets vafgmamfest, pubhshed m RFNov 1966 1968 Valgopr~b fra Dsnmarks Retsforbund Orlgmal 1971 Information mmsmg 1973 ‘DetdreJerslgom Etselvstzmdlgt Danmark, @konomlskfnhed og social retfrerdlghed’ Ongrnsf 1975 ‘DetdreJerslgom Valgetden 9Jsnuar ersfene statsmlnlster Harthrrgs beslutnmg’ Ongmal 1977 Retsforbundets valgudtalelse 1977 Ongmsf 1979 Retsforbundets valgudtafelse 1979 OngrnsJ 1981 ‘x Eden8 december’ Retsforbundet 1981 Ongumf 1984 mformatlon mmsmg

13953 DS Danks SamIlng (Danish Union]

1945 Informatlonmlssurg 40

KEY:

Vo = Valg-Orientering, Det Conservative Folkeparti LF . Land og Fofk AIC = Arbejdernes Information Central: Social demokratiet AP = ‘4ktuel politik’, Socialdemokratiske rioter FS = FolketsStemme, Socialdemokraties Valgavis FA = ‘Det Fn Aktuel~ UP =’Ugens Politik’, The Radical Party TPO =Tidskrift forpolitisk orientering, Liberalt Centrum 1P = Party election newspaper Ide - Politik FV = Folketingsvalget, Det conservative Folkeparti’s valgudtalelse VT = Vor Tid, Det conservative Folkeparti FS = Fremskridt RF = Ret og Frihed, Danmarks Retsforbund 2,6a French Parties Coded

M/R1 Party Electlons2 NOS3 CM# first-last 9 PCF-Partl Commumstc Franqms 1946-1988 12 31220 (COmmumst Party) 1 SIFO-Section fran alse de I’rrrtematlonale 1946-1988 10 31320 %l%%%;$::%lste m 1969 (Soclalrst Party) 2 RRS-Partl r~puhcain radical et radical 1946+1962 4 31421 aoclalrste (Radical Soclahst Party) 13 MRP-Mouvement rt ubhcsrn populalre 1946+1962 4 31521 (Popular Repubhcan%lovernent) 21 Centre dfmocrat Democratic Centre), 1967+1968 2 31522 re,named Cerrtre $u progr?s et de la m 1968 democrahe moderne (Democratic Cerrtre) 14 Gaulhsts 1951-1988 9 31621 12 Conservatwes 1946+1962 4 31622 15 poujadlsts 1956 1 31623

Joint Programmed: PCF (31220) and PS (31320) 1973 1 31991 Conservatives (31622) and Gaulhsta (31621) 1981 1 31992 PS (31320) and RRS (31421) 1967+1968 2 31993 Democratic Centre (31522) and RRS (31421) 1973 1 31994 Democrahc Centre 31522) and . 1978 1 31995 Conservatwes (316$2) Total number of documents 52

1 Codes as w’en m ‘tlomas MackMtlchard Rose, The Internalwnat Atmanac of Electorat HLUOry, Houndm& Bmmg.wok., Ham sbuc, London 1991 2 EtectIons for whIc1 documenu are coded 3 Number of co&d documenm 4 Campuauve Manlfeslm ProJec[ cak for partms 42

2.6.b French Documents Covered

FRA: Pcr FRA: Ps FRA: RRS FRA: MRP FRA: Dem FRP.: G=. FF,A: c.” Conm.ni Socialis Radical Popular ocratic llists servativ ROW 31220.00 31320.00 31421.00 31521.00 31522.00 31621.00 31622.00 Tota1 DATE —------4611.00 1 1 1 1 1 5 ------5106.00 1 1 1 3 ------______5601.00 1 1 1 1 1 6 ------.- ---—------______------5811.00 1 1 1 1 1 1 6 ------6211.00 1 1 1 1 1 1 6 ------_------6703.00 1 1 1 4 ------.- _-—--_-- ______------6803.00 1 1 1 4 ------._--_------7303.00 1 1 1 5 ------______7!203.00 L 1 1 4 ------______------8106.00 1 1 3 ------_------8603.00 1 1 1 3 ~------______------______------______8806.00 1 1 1 3 ------.-__------12 10 4 4 2 9 4’ 52

FRA: POU FP.A:PCF FRA: Cau FRA: PSI FRA: Ce. FRA: Cen jadists IPS llists /c RRS tra/RRS tcelccm,s ROW 31623.00 31991.00 31992.00 31993.00 31994.00 31995.00 Total DATE ------4611.00 5 .------______------5106.00 3 .__--_-- -_—-__------5601.00 1 6 .----_------______------5811.00 6 ------______------62L~.00 6 ------6703.00 1 4 ------______------6803.00 1 4 ------______------7303.00 1 1 5 ------______------______7803.00 1 4 ______------______8106.00 1 3 ------0603.00 3 ------______------8806.00 3 ------column 1 1 1 2 1 1 52 43

31220 PCF Parti Communist Francais (Communist Part@

1946 En avant pour la Vlctorre de la Rtpubhque Speech pronounced by Maurice Thorez at the presentation of Commumst candidates for the Serne dlstnct (dipartement) Pans, Edltlons du PCF, 1946, 16 pages 1951 Comment Sortu de l’Ablme Programme d’Irrd6pendance Natronale, de Progr?s Social de D6mocratle et de Pmx du PCF Pans, Imp du PCF, no date, 29 pages 1956 Dlscours et Articles, novembre-d6cembre 1955, Maurice Thorez Pans, PPI, 1956, 31 pages 1958 ‘Que Proposent J-es Commurnstesv Bulletrrr d’Information et de Propagrmde du Parh Commuruste Frarrqals’,19, October 1958, pp 16 1962 ‘Vers l’Avenrr’,ElectIons L4glslatwes, Novembre 1962 Psns, Parti Commumste Fran$als, 1962, pp 16 1967 ‘D’AuJourd’hu]i Demam’, Programme du Partl Commumste Frarr$als, Elections L6glslatwes de 1967, l’Humanlt6-Dlmanche’ 953,7 November 1966, pp 15 1968 ‘Programme du Partl ~mmumste Franqms’,E16ctlons [email protected] de 1968, n d n 1, pp 14 1973 ‘Changer de Cap’, Progrsnrme pour un Gouvernement Dr5mocratlqued’Umon Popularre, Pans, Edltlons Soclales, 1971, pp 251 1978 ‘Programme Commun de Gouvernement Actuahs.5’,Psrtl Communrste Frangars, Pans Edmons Socmfes, 1978, pp 191 1981 rrrformahon missing 1986 rnformauon mlssmg 1988 rnformatlon mmmg

31320 PS Parti Socialist (Socialist Party)

1946 Programme d’Action du Pam Soclahste SFIO, A.ssamrr,produrre, 6purer, 6duquer, ltbtker Pans, Edltlons de la Llbert6, 1946,73 pages 1951 ElectIons L6gnlatwes du 17 ]um 1951 Programme d’Action SFIO 43rd Nahocd Congress Paris, Imp Chateaudun, 1951, 16 pages 1956 Elections L6gmlatrves du 2 prmer 1955, Progrsmme d’Action du Partl Soclahste SFIO, Bureau Natlorrale de Propaganda, 1956 Document reprinted m Le Populaue Dlmanche, n“ 358 1958 ‘D4clslon et Compte-Rendus’, 50?me Congr&sNahonal SFIO Issy-les-Mouhrraux, September 14, 1958 Le Populalre de Pans 15 September 1958 1962 ‘PrograrrrmerJ’Action’,Eiectlons L4glslatwes, Novembre 1962, Dossier du Carrdldat SFIO, Pans, 1962, pp 7 1967 document mlssmg 1968 document mlssmg 1973 ‘Partl Soclahste Changer la Vie’, Programme de Gouvemment du Psrtl Soclshste, Pans, Fkmrmanon, 1972, pp 249 1978 ‘Programme Commun de Gouvernement de la Gauche’, propositions Soclahstcs pour l’Actuallsat]on, Pans, Flammanon, 1978, pp 128 1981 ‘Cent DU Proposltlons pour la France’, Ms.mfeste du Partl Socmkste, Congr?s Extraordma~e, Cr&ed, 24 January 1981, Le Monde, Dosslera et Documents, I-es ElectIons L&glslatwes de 1981, June 1981, pp 67 1986 mformatlon mlssmg 1988 rnformatlon mmsmg 44

31421 RRS Parti r6publicain et radical socialist (Radical Socialist Party)

1946 Edouard Herriot vous parle... Paris, Imprimerie sp~ciale du Parti Radical et Radical Socialist, 1946, 32 pages. 1951 documeot missing 1956 Programme du Parti Radical. Speech by Pierre Mend?s-France, adopted by the National Congress of the Radical Party. In Elections L6gislatives du 2 janvier 1956, programme 61ectoral, Paris, Parti Radical et Radical Socialist, 1956. 1958 ‘Documents Techniques Arguments et Ripostes’, Elections Lfgislatives de 1958. Note G6n&raled’Orientatiorr, Paris, Parti Radical et Radical Socialist, 1958, pp. 5 1962 ‘La France ii l’Heure Europ6enne’, Manifeste du Rassemblement IXmocratique Elections es 18 et 25 Novembre 1962. Paris

31521 MRP Mouvement r+publicain populaire (Popular Republican Movement)

1946 Quelle sera la Constitution de la IV &meR6publique? Speech by Paul Coste-lloret. Paris, SEM, 1946, 15 pages. 1951 document missing 1956 Les Objectifs du MRP pour la prochaine Egislature. Paris, MRP, December 1955, 8 pages. 1958 ‘Fichier du Militant’, Elections L6gislatives, Novembre 1958. Action Civique et Politique, 11 October 1958, pp. 48. 1962 ‘MRP. Dossier du Candidat’, Elections L&gislatives de 18 et 25 Novembre 1962. Paris, 1962, Multigraph.

31522 Centre d6mocrat (Democratic Centre)

1967 Centre D6mocrate, ‘Manifeste Electoral, Courrier des D6mocrates’, 31, February 13, 1967, pp. 16 1968 Candidate’s Speech Specimen in Dossier du Candidat Progr& et D6mocratie Moderne, Elections L6gislatives de 1968, Paris, pp. 6 45

.

31621 GauIlists

1946 document mlssmg 1951 Mamfesto adopted at the “Conh5rence Natlonale des Elus” of the RPF Levaflols, March 12, 1951 In Le Rassemblement, March 15, 1951 1956 document mlssmg 1958 ‘Dossier du Candidate UNR’, ElectIons J.Aglslatives, 1958 Pans, 1958 1962 ‘Dossier du Candldat UNR’, ElectIons Lkglslatwea, 1962 Pans, 1962, pp 32 1967 Comlt6 d’Achon pour la Cmqui$me R6publlque, Marnfeste ‘Pour le Progr5s, l’Indr5pendenceet la Palx avec le G6n6ral de Gaulle’, 1967, pp 6 1968 ‘Msmfeste de l’Union pour la D6fenie de la Rtpubhque’, ElectIons L.@slahves de Juur 1968, La Nation, 19 June 1968, pp 2 1973 ‘Prograrrrmede Provms’, Pierre Messmer, 7 Janwer 1973, Le D6mocrate, January 1973 1978 ‘Proposlhons pour la France’, prA.ent6es par Jerome Monod, assemblement pour Ie R6publlque, Psns, Stock, 1977, pp 235 1981 ‘Pacte pour l’Union de la Nouvelle MaJorlt6’,d6claratlon commune, 15 mal 1981, Le Monde, Dossiers et Documents, La ElectIons L4glslatwes de Jurrr 1981, pp 15-16 1986 mformatlon mlssmg 1988 Urformatlon miss.mg

31622 Conservatives

1946 Le Programme du Partl Rtpubhcam de la Llbertt Pans, PRL, no date, 46 pages 1951 document missrng 1956 Fiches de Documentahon, Elechons J.&tslatives, 1956 Psns, Centre Nahonal des Ind6pendsnts et Paysans, 1956 6 fast 1958 ‘Fiches de Documentahon CNIP’, Elechons Lkglslatwes, Pans, Imp Lange, 1958, pp 82 1962 ‘Fiches de Documentation CNIP’, ElectIons Lkglslatwes Pans, Imp Lange, 1962, pp 68

31623 Poujadists

1956 Fraterrut6 Franqalse, December 1955 The followurg texts have been coded “AUXForces Vwes de la NatIon” m n“ 28 “Comlt&National de Salut Pubhc” m no29 “L’Heure de la Vent6° (address by P poujade) m n“ 31 46

Joint Programmed:

31991 Communist (PCF 31220) and Socialist Parties (PS 31320)

1973 ‘Programme Commun de Gouverrrement’ du Parti Communist Franpais et du Parti Socialist, Paris, Editions Sociales, 1972, pp. 192

31992 Conservatives (31622) and GauIIists (31621/

1981 ‘Pacte pour I’Union de la Nouvelle Majorit6’, declaration commune, 15 mai 1981, Le Monde, Dossiers et Documents, Les Elections L6gislatives de Juin 1981, pp. 15-16

31993 Socialist (PS 31320) and Radical Party (RIM 31421)

1967 ‘Une Politique des R6alit6s pour la R6publique des Citoyens’, Marrifeste de la FGDS. Le PopuIaire de Paris, 12298,4 February 1967, pp. 17. 1968 ‘Programme de la FGDS’, Elections L6gislatives de 1968, Dossier du Candidat FDGS, Paris, 1968, pp. 13.

31994 Democratic Centre (31522) and Radical Party (RRS 31421)

1973 ‘Le Projet R6formateur’, Lean Lecanuet et Jean Jacques Servan-Schreiber, Pans, Robert Laffont, 1972, pp. 31-80.

31995 Democratic Centre (31522) and Conservatives (31622)

1978 ‘Le Programme de Blois’, Objectifs d’Action pour les Libert6s et la Justice, prLsent6 par Raymond Barre, Paris, Fayard, 1978, pp. 27-73. 47

2.7.a German Patiles Coded

M/R1 Party ElectIonsz NOS3 CMP4 first-last 51 Dle Grunen (Greens) 1983-1987 2 41111 28 KPD-Kommunlstlsche Partel Deutschlands 1949 1 41220 (Commumst Party) 2 SPD-SonaIdemokratlsche Partel 1949-1987 11 41320 Deutschlands (Social Democrats) 38 FDP-Frele Demokratlsche Partel 1949-1987 11 41420 (Free Democrats) 36 CDU/CSU-Chrlstllch Demokratlsche Unlorr/ 1949-1987 11 41521 Chrrsthch Sozrale Umon (Christian Democratic Umorr/Chnshan SOCMIUmon) 1 DZ-Deutsche Zentrumspartel (Centre Party) 1949+1953 2 41522 41 DP-Deutsche Partcl (German Party) 1949-1957 3 41620 40 WAV-WmschafthcheAufbauveremlgung 1949 1 41711 (Economic Reconstruction League) 42 DRP-Deutsche Relchspartel 1949 1 41712 (German Reich Party) 39 BP-Bay ernpartel @avarlan Pariy) 1949 1 41911 43 SSW-Sudschleswrgscher Wahlerverband - 1949 1 41912 ~l~;;2C#;$~1&TT$igue) 45 GB/BHE-Gesamtdeutscher Bloc 1953 1 41951 Bund der Helmatvertnebenen unY Entrechteten (Refugee Party) Total number of documents coded 46

1 tides as gwen m liwnus Mackwlhchd Rose,‘Ih lmernakmd Almanac of EtectordHistory, Houndmdk, B&sin&stoke,Hampslure, fmndo. 1991 2 Eleclmn.s forwbddo cumentiarecoded 3 Number ofcodeddocumenb 4 &mparaUVc Man,feSIWprOJCC(CdCfOC~arl’CS 48

2.7.b German Documents Covered

:ER: The GER: KPD GER: SPD GER: FDP GER: CDU Greens cmnm.ni social Free De /csu Chr Row illl;.00\41220.oa\41320.a0\41420.00 \41521.oO\ Total DATE ------. ._---__------4908.00 1 1 1 1 10 ------5309.00 1 1 1 6 ------______5709.00 1 1 1 4 ------6109.00 1 1 1 3 .----.—. __.—------______------6509.00 1 1 1 3 .---_------6909.00 1 1 1 3 ------______7211.00 1 1 1 3 .--—--_------______7610.00 1 1 1 3

120Lo.00 1 1 1 3 ------8303.00 1 1 1 1 4 ------8701.00 1 1 1 1 6 ------Column 3 1 12 12 12 46

:ER: D?, GER: DP GER, WAV GER: DKP GER: BP GER, ssw G3X: GB/ :entre P German P Economi /DRP Ger Bavarian south s B8E Refu Row &1522.00\41620.00\41711.00\41712.00141911 .00]41912.00]41951.00/ Total DATE --.----. 4908.00 10 ------._ --_-—------5309.00 1 1 1 6 ------5709.00 1 I 4 .--_--_------—-- -_ —----- ______------6109.00 3 ------—------______6509.00 3 .--__--- -__-.--- _-- —------______------______6909.00 3 ------_-_-.------7211.00 3 ______------7610.00 3 ------_--- 8010.00 3 .---_-_------______------8303.00 4 ------__--.------8701.00 4 ------—______------2 3 1 1 1 1 1 46 49

41111 Die Grunen @he Greens)

1983 ‘Dlesmal DfE GRUNEN - Warum?’, Eur Aufruf zur Bundestagswahl 1983, Bundesgeschaftsstelle DIE GRUNEN (ed ), Bonn o J Ongmal 1987 ‘Farbe bekennen’, Bundestagswahlprogramm 1987, Bundesgeschaftsstelle DIE GRUNEN (ed ), Bonn o J Ongural

41220 KPD Kommunistische Partei Deutschlands (Communist Part~

1949 ‘Emhelt, Fneden Wohlstand’, Wahlprogramm der KPD, Juh 1949, m Dokumente der KPD 1945-1956, Berhn (Ost), Dwtz 1965, p 186-193

41320 SPD Sozialdemokratische Partei Deutschlands (Social Democratic Part@

1949 ‘Fur em freles Deutschland m emem neuen Europa’,Wahlaufruf der SPD zur Bundestagswahl 1949, us Neuer Vorwarts, 16 JUII1949, Sonderbedage p 9 1953 ‘Das Wahlprogramm der SPD’, Vorstand der SPD (ed ), Bonn, JUII1953 Ongural 1957 ‘Slcherhelt fur alle’, Wahlprogramm 1957, m Os.mpK Flechthelm (ed ), Dokumente zur partelpohhschen Entwcklung in Deutschland selt 1945, Bd 111,Berfm Dokumenten-Verlag Herbert Wendler 1963, p 147-154 1961 ‘Das Reglerungsprogramm der SPD’, m Jahresbenchte der SPD 1960/61 1965 ‘Tatsachen und Argument’, Erkkdgen der SPD-Reglerungsmannschaft zur Bundestagswafrl 1965, Vorstand der SPD (ed ), SOPADE-Rednerdienst, Bonn 8/65 1969 ‘Reglerungsprogramm der Sozraldemokratlschen Partel Deutschlands 1969’, Vorstand der SPD (ed ), Bonn 4/69 Ongmal 1972 ‘MltWMr Brandt fur Fneden, .%cherhelt und eme bessere Quahtat des J_ebens’, Wahlprogramm der SPD 1972, m Jahrbuch der Sozsafdemokratxhen Partel Deutschlands 1970-1972, p 507-547 1976 ‘Welter arbelten am Modell Deutschland’ Reglerungsprogramm der SPD 1976-80, Dortmund, Vorstand der SPD (ed ) Abt bffenthchkeltsarbelt, Bonn Juru 1976 Ongmal 1980 ‘Slcherhe]t fur Deutschland’, Wahlprogramm der SPD 1980, Vorstand der SPD (ed ), Abt Presse und Information, Bonn, Jum 1980 Ongural 1983 ‘Das Reglerungsprogramm der SPD 1983-1987’, Vorstand der SPD (ed ), Abt Presse und Information, Bonn 1/83 Ongmal 1987 ‘Zukunft fur alle - arbelten fur sozrale Gerechhgkelt und Fneden’, Reglerungsprogramm der Sozraldemokratlschen Partel Deutschfands, Vorstand der SPD, Abt Presse und Information, Bonn 10/86 Ongrnal 50

41420 FDP Freie Demokratische Partei Deutschlands (Free Democratic Party)

1949 ‘Bremer Platform’, Beschliisse des 1. Bundesparteitages der FDP am 11. und 12. Juni 1949 in Bremen, in: Peter Juling, Programmatische Entwicklung der FDP 1946. 1969, Eine Einftihrung und Dokumente, Meisenheim am Glan: Verlag Anton Hairr 1977, p. 87-102 1953 ‘Wahlprogramm 1953’, in: Ibid., p. 128-132 1957 ‘4ktionsprogramm 1957’, in: Ibid., p. 155-157 1961 ‘Aufruf zur Bundestagswahl 1961’,in: Ibid., p. 162-1967 1965 ‘Ziele des Fortschritts’, Aktionsprogramm der Freien Demokratischen Partei, 107 Thesen, beschlossen vom 18. Bundesparteitag der FDP vom 3. bis 5. April 1967 in Hannover. in: Ibid.. D. 180-199 1969 ‘Praktische Politik fir” Deutschland. - Das Konzept der FDP’,in: Ibid., p. 200-209 1972 I. ‘Vorfahrt fiir Vernunft’, Wahlaufruf der F.D.P. zur Bundestagswahl 1972, in: Giinter Verheugen (cd.), Das Programm der Liberalen. Zehn Jahre Programmarbeit der F.D.P., Baden-Baden: Nomos Verlagsgesellschaft 1979, p. 163-165 IL ‘Die Freiburger Tbesen’, Freiburger Tbesen der FDP zur Gesellschaftspolitik, beschlossen auf dem F.D.P.-Parteitag vom 25.-27. Oktober 1971 in Freiburg/i.B., in: Ibid., p. 43-122 1976 ‘Freiheit - Fortschritt - Leistung’. Wahlprogramm. Bundesgeschiiftsstelle der F.D.P. (cd.), Bonn o.J. Original 1980 ‘Unser Land SO1lsuch morgen liberal sein’, Wahlprogramm der Freien Demokratischen Partei fur die Bundestagswahlen am 5. Oktober 1980, Liberal- Verlag GmbH (cd.), Bonn o.J. Originaf 1983 ‘Freiheit braucht Mut’, Wahlaussage ’83 der Freien Demokratischen Partei ftir die Bundestagswahlen am 6. Marz 1983, Liberal-Verlag GmbH (cd.), Bonn 1983. Originaf 1987 ‘Zukunft durch Leistung’, Die Wahlplattform der F.D.P. zur Bundestagswahl 1987, Freie Demokratische Partei (cd.), Bonn: Liberal-Verlag o.J. Original 51

41521 CDU/CSU Christlich-Demokratische Union / Christlich Sozlale Union (Christian Democratic Union / Chrlstims Social Union)

1949 ‘Dusseldorfer Leltsatze’, m Osslp K Flechthelm (ed ), Dokumente zur partelpohhscherr Enhwcklung m Deutschland selt 1945, Bd II, Berlin Dokumenten- Verlag Herbert Wendler 1962, p 58-76 1953 ‘Hamburger Piogramm fur den zwelterr deutschen Bundestag’, m Rnd, P 94-105 1957 I ‘4rr das deu~sche Volk’, Das Mamfest der Chnstflch-Demofrratlschen Umon, CDU- Bundesgeschaftsstefle (ed ), Bonn o J Ongmaf 11 ‘Grundsatzentschhe!hng von Karlsruhe’, verabschledct auf dem 9 Bundesparteltag vom 26 bls 29 Aprd 1960 m Karlsruhe, in Dle Ge~hlchte dcr CDU, Programm und Pohtrk der Chrlstllch-Demokratlschen U~on Deutschlands selt 1945, Redalmon und Bearbeltung Wulf Schonbohm, Bonn tns Miwz1980, p 50-54 1961 ‘Kolner Manrfest’, Daa Wahlprogramm der CDU zur Bundestagawshl 1961, m Oswp K Flechthelm (ed ), Dokumente zur partelpohhschen Entwtcklung, p. 146-148 1965 ‘Dusseldorfer Erfdarung der CDU’, Chnstlich-Demokratrsche Union (ed ), Bundesgeschaftsstefle, Rednerdlerrst, Bonn Ma 1965 1969 ‘Slcher m dle 70er Jshre’, Kurt Georg IQesmger, CDU -1969-1973- Wafrlprogramm der Chnsthch-Demokratlschen Unton Deutschlands, Bundesgeschaftsstelle der CDU (ed ), Bonn o J. Ongmal 1972 ‘Wlr bauen den Fortschntt auf Stabhtat’, CDU Reglerungsprogramr& Bundesgeshaftsstelle der CDU (ed ), Bonn o J Original 1976 ‘Aus Llebe zu Deutschland Fur die Frelhen, dle wrr heben Frq,de Slcherhel~ die vnr brauchen Fur dle Zukunft, dle wir wollen’ Dss Wahlprogramrn dcr CDU und CSU 1976, CDU-BundesgeschaftsstelJe (ed ), Abterlung offersthchkeltsarbelg Konrad-Adenauer-Haus, Bonn o J Ongrnaf 1980 ‘Fur Fneden und Frehelt’ Das Wshlprogrsmm der CDU/CSU, Bundestagswshl 1980, CDU-Bundesgeschaftsstelle (ed ), Abtedung Offenthchkeltsarbelt, Konrad- Adenauer-Haus, Bonn o J Orgtsraf 1983 ‘Arbelt, Fneden, Zukunft - Mltemander schaffen WW’S’,Dss W,qhlp\ogramm der CDU/C&KJ,,CDU - slcher - sozmf und frel, CDU-B&rdesgeschaftsstelfe (ed ), Abterlung offenthchkelts~be$ Konrad-Adenauer-Haus, Bonn o.J. Ongmal 1987 ‘Welter so, Deutschlartd - fur cure gute Zukunft’, Das Wahlprograrhm von CDU und CSU fur dle Bundestagswahl 1987, CDU-Bundesgeschaftsstelle (cd.), Abterlung ~ffenthchkeltsarbeu, Konrad-Adenauer-Haus, CDU extra, Bonn o J Ongrrral

41522 DZ Deutsche Zentrwnspartei (Centre Part~

1949 ‘Soester Prog)kunmvon 1945’, m O&slpK Flechthelm (ed ), Dokumente zur partelpohtischen Entwrcklung in Deutschland selt 1945, Bd II, Berfm. Dokumenten- Verlag Herbert Wendler 1962, p 244-245 1953 ‘Kolner Erklarung zur deutschen Pohhk vom 7 und 8 Marz 1953’, m Ibid, p 263-265 52

41620 DP Deutsche Partei (German Party~

1949 “Programmpunkte der Deutschen Partei’, in: DP (cd.), Wine und Wesen der Deutschen Partei, Eine Schnftenreihe, Alfeld 1949, o.J. 1953 ‘Wohl und Ehre des deutschen Volkes und Vaterlandes stehen iiber allem - Daher: Staatspolitik vor Parteipolitik’, Arbeitsprogramm fiir den zweiten Deutschen Bundestag, in: Ossip K. Flechtheim (cd.) Dokumente zur parteipolitischen Entwicklung, P. 387-393 1957 ‘Wahlprogramm der Deutschen Partei (DP/FVP)’, iw Bundesgeschiftsfiihrung der Deutschen Partei (DP/FVP) (cd.), Was die Deutsehe Partei will .... Material zur eigenen Weiterbildung, Kommentare vom VII. Bundesparteitag in Hamburg am 28. und 29. Mai 1957, Bonn 1957, p. 1-4

41711 WAV Wirtschatlliche Aut%auvereinigung (Economic Reconstruction League/

1949 ‘Programm der WAV vom 10. Dezember 1945’, in: Deutsches Institut fiir Zeitgeschichte (cd.), Die westdeutschen Parteien, 1945-1965. Ein Handbuch, Berfin (Ost): Dietz 1966, p. 511-518

41712 DRP Deutsche Reichspartei (German Reich Party)

1949 ‘Was will die Deutsche-Rechts-Partei?’, Fbsgblatt des DKP/DRP-Landesverbands Niedersachsen, in: Archiv des ZI 6, Freie Universitat Berlin

41911 BP Bayernpartei (Bavarian Party]

1949 ‘Programm 1948, Ffugblatt der L.arrdesgeschaftssteffe der Bayernpartei, in: Ossip K, Flechtheim (cd.), Dokumerrte zur parteipolitischen Errtwicklung in Deutschland seit 1945, Bd. II, Berlin: Dokumenten-Verlag Herbert Wendler 1962, p. 238-239

41912 SSW Sudschleswigscher Wahlerverband (South Schleswig Voters’ League~

1949 ‘Rednerrichtlinien fiir die Wahl zum Westdeutschen Bundestag’, Hektographiertes Mrmuskrip~ Hermann Clausens, Referat, Schleswig, den 14. Juli 1949, auf Anfrage vom SSW zugeschickt

41951 GB/BHE Gesamtdeutscher Block/Bund der Heimatvertriebeneu und Eutrechteten (Refugee Party)

1953 ‘Programm des Gesamtdeutschen Blocks/BHE fiir die Bundestagswahl 1953’, in: Franz Neumann, Der Block der Heimatvertriebenen und Entrechteten 1950-1960, Ein Beitrag zur Geschichte und Struktur einer politischen Interessenpartei, Meisenheim am Glan: Verlag Anton Hain 1968, p. 442-444 53

2.8.a Irish Parties Coded

M/R’ Party Elcchonsz Nosj CMF first-last 19 WP-Workers’ Party 1982-1987 . 2 53220 8 ILP-Insh bbour Party 1948-1987 11 53320 25 PDP-Progresswe Democratic Party 1987+1987 1 53420 14 Fme Gael/United Ireland Party 1948-1987 11 ‘r 53520 (Tribe of Gaels)

10 Flanna FM (Warners of Destroy) 1948-1987 13 53620

Joint Programmed Gxfmon Irrsh Labour Party and 1973+1977 2 53991 Fme Gael Total number of documents coded 40

1 Codes as Swcn m ‘llomas Mtch#Rlchud Rex, The IntcrnafmnalAbnanac ~ Electoral Hurmy, HoundmM Ba.nnptok., Ham she, London1991 2 ElectionsforWillC! documentsMC coded 3 Number ofcodeddcwmenm 4 &@J~U,tW’~Man,fest.nprojectcodefor @,es 54

2.8.b Iz-kh Documents Covered

IIRE: W, IRE: Lab IRE: PDP IRE: Fin IRE: Fia IRE: COa Iworkers 0.. Part Prc.qres e Gael ... Fail litio” Bow /53220.00153320 .00153420.00153520.00 153620.00153991.0Ol Total DATE ------I------I------I------1------1------1------1 4802.00 11 1111 3 I------1------l------I------l------I------I 5105.00 3 1------I-----:-- i------i-----:-- l----: --i------i 5404.00 I 3 1------I-----:--i------1-----:--1-----:--!------! 5703.00 1111 3 1------1-----:--!------1------I------l------! 6110.00 11 1111 3 I------1------1------1 ------I------1 ------I 6504.00 3 I------1-----:--!------1-----:--1-----:--1------I 6906.00 3 I------i-----:--i------i-----:--i-----:--i------I 1302.00 I 2 l------i------!------1------!-----:--1-----:--1 7706.00 2 1------i------i------i------l-----:--i-----:--i 8106.00 3 I------i-----:-- i------l-----:--l-----:--i------1 8202.00 3 1------i-----:-- i------i-----:--i-----:-- i------i 8211.00 11 11 4 I-----:-- 1-----:-- i------l------[------I------i 8702.0o 5 I-----:--i-----:--i-----:-- I-----:-- I-----:--1------i column 3 12 2 12 14 2 40 55

53220 WP Workers’Party

1982-09 ‘Workers Umtel’ General ElectIon Mamfesto, Ongtnal 1987 ‘NoJob? Overtaxed? Welfsm Cut? Forced to Emigrate? Fight back wltb the Workers’ Party’ Mamfesto, Generrd Elecuon 1987, Ongmal

53320 ILP Irish Labour Party

1948 ‘Party Leaders on theu Prograrnmes, No 4 Labour’ Irish Independent, 2711948 1951 ‘Appendix I General ElectIon 1951- Labour Party Manifesto Labour’s Way to Achieve Prosperity and.$ecurlty’ m. Adrnrmstratwe Courrcll Report for 1950~51 and 1951-52 Dublin the Labour Party, 1952, pp 52-4 1954 ‘More for Socml Semccs, Pensions’ [nsh Press,304 1954 1957 ‘Appendix I General Election 1957. Labour Party Election Programmed’, m Admuustrative Councrf Report for 1956-57 Dubhrr the Labour Party, 1957, p~ 26-8 1961 ‘More Planmng ISLabour Am’ Irtsh Tunes, 1381961 1965 ‘bbour Election Manifesto’, Irish Times, 24.31965 1969 ‘Appendix No 1 1969 General Election’, m Labour Party Annual Report 1969 Dublrn”the Labour Party, 1969, pp 68-83 1973 Document mlssmg, see 53991 1977 Document mlssmg, see 53991 1981 ‘Labour ’81 ElectIon Progrsmme’ Dubhn. Tire Labour Party, 1981 1982-02 Text of OLeary’s Statement, newspaper artrclc 1982-11 ‘Where Labour Stands Jobs, Equalrty and Justice wrtb Labour’. Election Programme, November 1982, Ongmal 1987 ‘People Matter Most’ Laborrr Party Election ’87 Manrfesto, Ongmal

53420 PDP progressive Democratic Party

1987 ‘ANahon that Works Progressive Democrats’ Bluepmt for Jobs, Fair Tsxatlon and Scxial JustIcc’, Original 56

53520 Fine Gael (Tribe of Gaels)

1948 ‘Party L&ders on their Programmed’, No. 3: Fine Gael’. Irish Independent, 26.1.1948 1951 Election leaffet for Dun Laoghaire Rathdown Constituency 1954 ‘Costeflo gives 13 Principles’. Irish Press, 3.5.1954 1957 ‘Taoiseach gives 16 Reasons for Supporting Fine Gaef’. Irish Times, 1.3.1957 1961 ‘What Fine Gael Stands For’. Dublin: Fine Gael, 1961 1965 ‘Fine Gael Policy 1965: ‘Towards a Just Society’. Dublin: Fine Gael, 1965 1969 ‘Winning Through to a Just Society’. Dublin: Fine Gael, 1969 1973 Document missing, see 53991 1977 Document missing, see 53991 1981 ‘ABetter Future: Let the Country Win’. Dublin: Fine Gael, 1981 1982-02 Speech by the Taoiseach, Dr. Garret Fitzgerald, to Galway Chamber of Commerce at their Annual Dinner in University College, Gafway on Saturday the 30th of January 1982, at 8.30 p.m., issued by the Government Information Service 1982-11 ‘Fine Gael Priorities’, typescript 1987 a) ‘We ‘ve done the Groundwork - Now Let’s Build the Nation. Breaking out of the Vicious Circle, Election ‘87’,Original b) ‘Jobs - the Priority - Breaking out of the Vicious Circle’, Fine Gael Press Office

53620 Fianna Fail (Warriors of Destirry~

1948 ‘Party Leaders on their Programmed’, No. 1: Fianna Fiil. Irish Independent, 23.1.1948 1951 ‘To the Electors of the West Galway’. Leaflet published by Fianna F6il containing the ‘Great National Reconstruction Programme’ 1954 Radio Broadcast by An Tanaiste, Mr. %an Lemass, on Tuesday, llth May, 1954’. Dublin: Fiarrna FiW,1954, mimeo 1957 ‘Campaign to Beat Crisis’. Irish Press, 16.2.1957 1961 ‘Taoiseach Foresees Change in Population Trend’. Irish Times, 12.8.1961 1965 ‘People Will Back Us All the Way Again Taoiseach’. Irish Press, 17.3.1965 1969 ‘Taoiseach Opens F.F. Election Campaign’. Irish Times, 28.5.1969 1973 ‘Text of Taoiseach’s Statement’. Irish Times, 6.2.1973 1977 ‘Manifesto: Action Plan for National Reconstruction’. Dublin: Fianna Fiiil, 1977 1981 ‘Our Programme for the ‘80s’.DubIii Fiarma Fdil, 1981 1982-02 Text of Fianrra Fid election programme, newspaper article 3-2-1982 1982-11 ‘The great chaflenge lies in our population growth’, newspaper article by Charles Haughey, The Irish Times, Thursday the 18th of November 1982, p. 12 1987 ‘The Programme for Nationaf Recovery ‘,Originaf 57

53991 Joint Programme Fine Gael (53711) and Labour Party (53320~

1973 ‘Statement of Intent’ Dublin Fme Gael and the Labour Party, 1973, mrmeo 1977 ‘The National Coahtlon Government Achievements, Programmc for Progress’ Dublin Fme Gael and the Labour Party, 1977 2.9.a Italian Parties Coded

M/R’ Party Electionsz NOS3 CMP4 first-last

45 Federazione defle Liste Verdi 1987 1 32110 (Greens) 32 PdUP-Marrifesto/Partito 1983 1 32210 di Unidt Proletana er d Comunisrno (Mrmifesto~art of ?roletarlan Umty for Cornrnrmmn~ 37 DP-Democrazia Proletarian 1979+1983 2 32211 (Proletarian Democracy) 11 PC1-Partitp Comunista Italiano 1946-1987 11 32220 (Commumst Part ) renamed: PDS-&~ito in 1990 Democratic dl Smmtra (Democratic Party of the Uft) 34 PR-Partito Radicale (Radical Party) 1976 1 32310 3 PSI-Papito Sociafista Italiano 1948-1987 11 32320 (Soclahst Party) since 1972 23 PSLI-Partito Socialist dei Lavoratori 1948-1987 9 32330 Itata:#$ci~Partyof renamed. PSD -Partito Socialist in 1972 Democratlco Italiano (Social Democrats) 4 PRI-Pariito Repubblicano Italiano 1946-1987 10 32410 (Repubhcan Party) 19 PLI-Partito Ll%eraleItaliano 1946-1987 11 32420 (Liberal Party) 17 DC-De,mocrazia Cristiana 1946-1987 11 32520 (Christian Democrats) 24 Moyimento.Sociale Itrdirmo 1948-1987 10 32710 (Itahan SocMI Movement) renamed: MSI-DN-Movlmento in 1972 Soclale Italiano-Destra Nazionale (Itaharr Social Movement-Right National) Total number of documents coded 78

1 codas as given in Thomas Mackie/RichardRose, The tnter!mfion.1 Afnwmac of E[ecrond Histay, HoundtniUs, Basingstokc, Hampshire, Lnndon 1991. 2 Election for which documents are coded. 3 Number of coded documents. 4 comparative Manifesto Project code for pwties. 59

2.9.b Italian Documents Covered

IlTA Gra lTA PDU lTA DP lTA PC1 lTA PR 1’rA PSI ITA PSD Pr.aletProletar C.mmnuniRadical Sociali 1 social Row I● nS P I3211O OOI3121O 00[32211 00!32220 OOI3231O 00132320 00132330 001 Total DATE ------i------i ------i------i------i------i------i ------i 194606 00 I 11 11 5 l------~ ------~------l-----; --j ------1------1------1 194004 00 I 7 1------1------1------l-----;-- ~------1-----:--1-----:-- ! 195306 00 1111 6 1------1------1------1------1------1------1 ------1 195805 00 11 7 l------i------i------i------l ------!-----:-- !-----:--i 196304 00 II 11 7 1------1------I------1------1------1------l-----:-- I 196805 00 6 I------l------! ------!-----: --! ------1-----:-- 1------1 197205 00 7 [------i------i------l-----;--:------i-----:--:-----:--i 197606 00 I 9 1------!------!-----: -- i------l-----: --! -----: --! -----: --i 197906 00 11 7 l------~-----i-- ~-----;-- ~-----; -- ~------l-----: --!-----: --l 198306 00 I 9 1------1------1------1------1------1-----:--i-----:--l 198706 00 0 1-----: --1------1------1-----:--! ------1 -----: --l-----: --i column 2 1 2 12 1 12 10 7.9 60

2.9.b Italian Documents Covered (continued)

I8TA: PR8 ITA: eLI zTA: vc lTA: 14SI [ Republi Liberal Christia -DN Sc.ci ROW 132410.00132420.00132520.00132710.00[ Total DATE ------I------I------I------I------I 194606.00 11 5 I -----: -- !-----:--! ------l------I 19480.4.00 111111 7 1------1------I------l-----: --! 195306.00 6 1------!-----:--1-----:-- !-----:--1 195805.00 I 7 1-----:--1-----:--1-----:-- i-----:-- i 196304.00 7 I-----:--1----:-- i-----:-- 1-----:--i 196805.00 1111 1. ( 11 6 I------l------I------I------I 197205.00 7 1-----:-- i-----:-- l-----:--l-----:--i 197606.00 9 1-----:--1-----:--!-----:--1-----:--1 197906.00 7 I-----:--1-----:--l-----:--i-----:--l 198306.00 1111 9 1-----: --1-----:-- i------l------l 198706.00 11 It 8 1------1-----:-- i------I-----:--i column 11 12 12 11 78 61

32110 Federazione delle Llste Verdi (Greens~

1987 ‘Pcrchc una LMtaVerde Nszlonalc’ Ongmal

32210 PdUP Manifesto/Partito di Unitd Proletarian per il Communism Manifesto/Party of Pr oletarian Unity for Communism]

1983 Information mmng

32211 DP Democrazia Proletarian (Proletarian Democracy)

1976 Dcmocrazra Proletana P Sep 1976, 61/62, Pp 129-149 1983 ’11quadro del probleml del paesc’ Ongml

32220 PCI Partito Communists Italiano (Communist Part~ Fartito Communists Italiano

1946 ’11Programma dcl PCI’ U 8 May 1946, pl 1948 ’11programma dcl Frontc Dcmocratlco Popolue’(wth PSI) U 20 Feb 1948 1953 ‘Per la pace, la hbcrti, d lavoro, la concordla socmle U 7 June 1953, ) p8 d Progmmma dci Comurustl’. ‘ 1958 ’11progrsmma elcttoralc dcl comurdstt contro rl totahtarismo u clencale e la rmnaccla dl una grierra atomlca pcr una altcmativa dcmocrahca dl pace, dl lavom, di progrcsso’. ~ ‘ 1963 ‘Battcrre la DC Raffomrc d PCI. 11Programma clcttorafe U 3 March 1973, dcl PCI’. pp. 7-1o 1968 ‘Eora di camblarc, si pub csmbi,yc appcllo programma ‘ ;P79~~# 1968, dcl PCP 1972 ’11programma dcl comurnstl. per un govcmo dl svolta U special Issue, dcrnocrattca’ 20 March 1972 1976 PCI P Sep 1976, 61/62, pp 161-196 1979 ‘ffprogramma del comunish per 1’VIIIleglslatura’ Uss 8 May 1979, pp 16 1983 ‘b proposta altematwa per # Cambcmento’. Uss NOV 1982, rm 16 1987 ’11PCI per la declma legrslatura Gl}lmpegm programmatic fondamcntah’. 62

32310 PR Partito Radicale (Radical Party)

1976 PR P Sep. 1976, 61[62, pp. 227-247

32320 PSI Partito Socialist Italiano (Socialist Party)

1946 ’11Programrna del Partito Socialist per l’opera SA Ju1y 1946, p. 1. riformatrice dells Costituente’ 1948 No independent manifesto, see PCI manifesto for that year 1953 ’11PSI agli eletton’. A 26.4.1953, P.1 1958 ‘Per una politics di alternative democratic’, Rome 1958 1963 ’11programma del PSI’. A 23 March 1963, Or PSI, Elezioni politiche 28 aprile 1963, Uprogramma suppl. between de PSI, Rome, 1963, (document missing) pp. 12-13. 1968 ’11Programma Socialist’ A 28.4.-18.5.1968 1972 11programma del PSI A Spring 1972 1976 PSI P Sep. 1976, 61/62, pp. 299-314 1979 ’11programma del PSI per Ie elezioni’, (document missing) A Spring 1979 1983 ‘Rinnovare l’Italia, govemare dawero, 11Programma socialist per la nona legislature’, Rome, pp.78 1987 Programma socialist per la decima legislature. Original

32330 PSDI Partito Socialist Democratic Italiano (Social Democrats

1948 ’11Nostro Programma d’Azione Critics Sociale’. 16 February 1948, pp.83-86 1953 ‘Programma Politico del PSDI~, Gi 1958 ‘Programma del Partito Sociahsta Democratic Itafiarro Gi No. 75, Ano 73 per le elezioni politiche del 1958 e la prossima Iegislatura’, Suppl., pp. 15 1963 ‘L’azione dei socialist democratic peril progresso genemle Gi 12 Feb. 1963, del paese’ p. 1 1968 see document of PSI (parties unified) 1972 ’11nostro programma peril rafforzamento delle Urn 17-18 March istituzioni democratiche, la crescita dells societ?a 1972, pp. 5-11 civile e l’equilibrate sviluppo dell’economia nazionale’ 1976 PSDI P September 1976, 61/62, pp. 267-98 1979 ‘Programma del Partito Socialist Democratic Italiano’, Urn 4 May 1979, pp. 3-5 1983 ’11PSDI agli elettori: indicazioni per un prograrnma di governo Urn supplement 26-27 June 1983, 1987 ‘Un’altemativa riformista per governare il cambiamento. R marzo 1987 pp. 156-157 63

32410 PRI Partito Repubblicano Italiano (Republican Party)

1946 ’11dlscorso del~onorevole Glovanru Conh’, VR75 1946, p 1 1948 ’11Programrna del partlto repubbhcano Per le elezloru VR March 1946 del 18 aprde 1946’ 1953 mformahon mlssrrtg 1958 ‘Per uno stato modemo e democratlco, una pohtsca VR 9 May 1958, per la terza leglslatura’ p3 1963 ‘Programma elettorale del PRP, VRSS 1031963, pp 16 1968 ‘b conferenza starnpa dl La Malfa a Trlbuna Elettorale’, VR 9 May 1968, pp 1-2 1972 ’11documento programmatlco approvato dal Conslgho Namonsle VR 6 Aprd 1972 repubbhcano’ pp 1-3 1976 PRI P Sep 1976, 61/62, pp 249-65 1979 ‘Irepubbhcam verso gh anm ottanta’ VR 20 Mav 1979. pp 1-2 ‘ 1983 ‘Trenta puntlper unaleglslatura II Programma repubbhcano’ Ongmal Roma, 1983,95 pages 1987 ‘Lagaranna del PRIperl’Italla dlDomanl I documenti dellavoce perlacampagna elettorale Magglo-gnsgno 1987’

32420 PLI Partito Liberale Italiano (Liberal PartQ

1946 ‘la ncostruzlone dello Stato nel Prograrnma delf’Unlone Op llAprd 1946 Democrahca’, (document mrssurg) p. 1 1948 ‘Vota Blocco nazlonale I programml concretf ~ Ma%1:48 1953 ‘Vdlabruna apre a Tonno la campagna elettorale’, 5,1943 ‘ 1958 ’11Partito hberale dl fronte aglt eletton Lmeansentr dl RL h510 XI, 7, un prograntma’, 1541958, pp. 1-3 1963 ‘Democrazra Industnale’ dl Valeno Zanone RL Sprurg 1963 1968 ‘Amone e Programma Llberale’. Op Spmg 1968, DD. 4-6 1972 ’11PLI agh eletton’ opp4 1976 PLI P anno XIII, Sep 1976, 61/62, pp. 197-226 1979 ‘Partdo Llberale Italiano Appello Poiltlco e programma elettorale’ Ongmal 1983 ‘Msmfesto e Programma Elettorale del PLI’ 26 June 1983 Origrnal 1987 ’11mamfesto 1987 Op Anno XI, 20 27 May 1987 64

32520 DC Democrazia Cristiana (Christian Democrats~

1946 ‘Manifesto dells Democrazia Cristiana: per il referendum AD pp. 259-60 istituzionale e per l’assemblea costituente’ 1948 ‘Appello dells Democracia Cristiana al Paese, 4 March 1948 AD pp. 377-8 1953 ‘appello dells direzione DC al paese per le elezioni politiche’, AD p. 603 1 may 1953 1958 ‘Programma dells democrazia cristiana per il AD pp. 928-937 nuinauenni 1958-1963 1963 ‘~rog~amma elettorale dells D C per la IV Legislature’, AD pp. 1473-1519 28 March 1963 1968 ’11programma dells DC al servizio del Paese’, Pop 7 May 1969, D. 4 1972 ‘Gli impegni programmatic dells Democrazia Cristiana’, pop 1 Aprile 1972, pp. 2-3 1976 DC P Sep 1976, 61/62, pp. 85-127 1979 ‘L’appello all’elettorato: la DC chiede maggiori consensi Pop 12 May 1979 per una Italia libera e stabil’ 1983 ‘Un programma per garantire 10sviluppo’ Pop 5-6 June 1983 1987 ‘Libertas. un mozramma rrer l’Italia. elezioni uolitiche. Original 14-15 giugn~ 19%7’ ‘

32710 MSI-DN Movimento Sociale Italiano- Destra Nazionale (Italian Social Movement- Right National~

1948 ‘Noi e gli Ahri’, RI 29 NOV. 1948, p. 3 1953 Movimento Sociale Italiano, Programma per le Elezioni Politiche 1953, Rome, p. 20 1958 Movimento Sociale Italiano, Lineamenti del Programma elettorale del MSI, Rome, 1958, p. 23 1963 ‘La Battaglia nazionale contro il centro-sinistra illustrate S1,26 Feb. 1963 da Michelini alla Tribuna elettorale’ pp. 1-8 1968 ‘Manifesto del Movimento Sociale’, S17 May 1968, p.3 1972 ‘i programmi dells destra nazionale’. S17 May 1972, p.1 1976 MSI-DN P Sep. 1976, 61/62, pp. 149-59 1979 ‘Elezioni 1979: il Programma del MSI-DN’ S110 May 1979, pp. 5-7 1983 Movimento Sociale Itrdiano - Destra Nazionale, [1Messagio degli anni ’80, May, Rome, p. 45 1987 ‘State, Nazione, Lavore, liberta per la nuova repubblica S18 May 1987 degli italiani’. 65

KEY: r = Llberazrone u = L’Umth Uss = L’Umth spccml supplement P = Le promesse del partitl, Blbhoteca dells hbert?i, anno XIII SA = Sempre Avanhl, GI = La Gmstlzra Um = L’Umanlt~ R = Ragronanrentl VR . La Vote Repubbhcana VRaa = La Vote Repubbhcana, specml supplement Op = L’Opmlone RL = Rlmovamento Llberale AD = Attr e Documentl dells D C 1943-1967 Cmque Lune, Rome, 1968 Pop =11 Popolo RI = La Rwolta Ideale SI =11 Secolo d’Itaha 66

2.10.a Japanese Parties Coded

M/RI Party Elections2 NOS3 CMP4 first-last 31 JCP-Nihon Kyoqanto 1960-1980 8 71220 (Japan Commumst Party) 35 JSP-Nihon.Shakaito 1960-1980 8 71320 (Japan Soclahst Party) 45 CGP-Komeito 1967-1980 6 71530 (Clean Government Party) 43 LDP-Ji u Minshuto 1960-1980 8 71620 (Llbera1 Democratic Party) Total number of documents coded 30

1 Codes as given in ‘lhomas Mackie/Richard Rose, The International Atmanac of Electoral HislorK Houodmills, Basingstoke, Hampshire, Londow 1991 2 Elections for which docwnems are coded 3 Number of coded documcnls 4 Comparative Manifesto Project code for parties 67

2.10.b Japanese Documents Covered

JAP : JCP JAP : JSP JAP : CGP JAP : LDP Kyesant Shakait Komeito Jiwnun ROW 71220.00 71320.00 71530.00 71620.00 Total DATE ------.------6011.00 1 1 1 3 ------6311.00 1 1 1 3 -----i--, -----i--, ------6701.00 1 1 4 ------6912.00 1 1 1 1 4 ------7212.00 1 1 1 1 4 ------7612.00 1 1 1 1 4 ------7910.00 1 1 1 1 4 ------8006.00 1 1 1 1 4 ------I Column 8 8 6 8 30 llre source m every case M the Asalu Shlmbun’s summary tables on each party’s electoral pledges, which Mnormally published two weeks before electlon day

‘Psrtles pledge’, Asahr Shrmbun, 25101960 I ‘Parties demand’, Ibid, 24101963 ‘Fwe parties pledge’, Ibid, 2812.1967 ‘Fwe partms pledge’, Ib]d, 7121969 I ‘Our parties’ pledge’, fbld,1911 1972 ‘Our part].%’pledge’, Ihd,1511 1976 ‘Our parhcs’ pledge’, Itnd, 1881979 / ‘Our pames’ pledge’,flmd.,36 1980 !

\ 68

2.11.a Luxembourgian Parties Coded

M/R1 Party Elections2 NOS3 CMP4 first-last 23 GAP-Di Greng @ternativ 1984 1 23112 (Green Alternative) 7 PCL/KPL-Parti communist luxembourgeois/ 1948-1984 9 23220 Kommuni:tesch Partei vu Utzebuerg (Commumst Party) 2 POSL/LSAP-Parti ouvner socialist 1945-1984 10 23320 luxembourgeois/ Letzebur er Sozialistisch .%bechterpwtei (Sociafist %orkers’ Party) 16 Groupernent atriotique et d6mocratique 1951-1984 8 23420 (Patnotlc an8 Democratic Group renamed: .Groupement d6mocra )lque in 1954

‘DemOcrat’’GrOu~renamed. PD/DP- ~h ~dkmocrati,$ ue/ in 1959 Demokratesch Partel (Democratic arty)

1 PCS/CSV-Parti chr6tien sociaf/Chrestlech 1945-1984 10 23520 Sozial Vollekspartei (Christsan Socmf Party) Total number of documents coded 38

1 Codes as given, in Thomas Md@Ricbard Rose, ‘fhe International Almanac of Electoral History; Houndmilts, Basingstoke, Hwqmbire, London 1991 2 ElectioIMfor wiich documems are coded 3 Number of coded documctm 4 Comparative Mmifestos Project cede for ptirties 69

2.11.b Luxembourgian Documents Covered

LUX, GA LUXX PCL LUX: PoS LUX: PD/ LUXI PCS cram Al /SYL Corn L/LSAP S DP Dmmoc /CSV Chr Row 23112 .00123220.00123320.00123420.00123520 001 Total DATE ------I------1 ------I------I------I------1 4510 00 1 1 2 ------4806.00 1 1 1 3 ------5106 00 1 1 1 1 4 \ ------5405 00 1 1 1 1 4 ------5902.00 1 1 1 1 4 ------6406 00 1 1 1 1 4 ------6S12 00 1 1 1 1 4 ------7405 00 1 1 1 1 4 ------,- 7906 00 1 1 1 1 4 ------S406.00 1 1 1 1 1 5 ------I column ‘ 2’ 10’ 11 ‘ 9’ 11 ‘ 38 1 I

1’

I

I

.1 ., 70

23112 GAP Di Greng Alternative (Green Alternative~

1984 Wahlprogramm ’84 Original

23220 PCIJKPL Parti communist hrxembourpeois/ Kommunistesch Partei vu Letzeburg (Communist Party~

1945 document missing 1948 ‘Das Programm des schaffenden Luxemburgs’ Z 4.6.1948 1951 ‘Fire freit a g16cklecht Letzeburg’! (Radio speech by Urbany) Z 2.6.1951 1954 Wahlnummer Z 6.5.1954 1959 Wahhrummer Z no date 1964 ‘Richteg lenks stommen’! (Radio speech by Urbany) Z. 6.6.1964 1968 Sondernummer Z no date 1974 Grundsatzprogramm, 1973 Original 1979 ‘Sechs Fragen zur Wirtschaftsknse’ Z2.6.1979 1984 Virschb$i fir letzebuerg. KPL. “Datt ar Stemm zu Wtiert kennt. M6i Kommunisten an d’Ch$imber Original

23320 POSLJLSAP Parti ouvrier socialist luxembourgeois/ L4tzeburger Sozialistech Arbechter Partei (Socialist Workers’ Party)

1945 Das Programm der Arbeiterpartei TB 18.10.1945 1948 Various articles TB 2.-5.2.1948 1951 Wahlnummer TB 30.5.1951 1954 ‘Fiirdie Sozialistische Sicherheit!’ TB 18.5.1954 1959 Wahlprogramm der Sozialistischen Arbeiterpartei TB 1964 ‘Geh mit der Zeit, geh mit den Sozialisten’ TB 1968 ‘Fur eirr modernes Luxembourg’ TB 1974 ‘Fortschritt und Verantwortung’ Originaf 1979 LSAP 1979 Programm Original 1984 ‘Bessere Zeiten fiir Luxemburg. 111 Vorschlage der L&W fiir ein besseres Leben, Wohnen und Arbeiten in Luxemburg’ Original 71

23420 PD/DP Parti d6mocratlque/ Demokratesch Partei (Democratic Partyl

1945 document missing “ 1954 document mlssmg 1951 ‘Mtrvum Groupement warden mat ro’heger Zo’verslcht den Entsched vun de W161erof!’ (Speech by L Dury on Radio Luxembourg) LJ2651 1954 ‘Em Ietztes, ernstes Wort’, (edltorlal) LJ29554 1959 WaMnummer ~21159 1964 Wablprogramm der Demokratlachen Partel LJ 21-27564 1968 ‘Ethu_et&gelaut’1 Ongmal 1974 DP Progrsmmpunkte und Ophonen Ongural 1979 DP Wahlprograrrtm 79 Original 1984 Grundsatze und Onentlerungen 1984 ‘Verstoen mat der Zalt ze goen’ Ongtnal

23520 PCS/CSV Parti chr6tian social/ Chrestlech Sozial Vollekspartei (Christian Social ~

1945 Das Programm der Chrratllch-Sozralen Volkspartel (Rechtspsrtei) LW1310 1945 1948 Wablprogramm der Chnsthch-Sozmlen Volkspartel LW36 1948 1951 Wablmamfest der Chrrsthch-Sozmlen Volkspartel LW265 1951 1954 Intermew mlt Staatsmlruster Beth and certain other art!cles LW 7.-2951954 1959 Wahlrnamfest der ChrAlch-Sozlalen Volkspartel (CSV) LW 22.11959 1964 Aktronsprogrsmm der ChrMhch-Soztalen Volkspartel LW26 1964 1968 Aus dem CSV-WaMprogramm (extracts) LW 3-6121968 1974 Wahlmsmfest der Chrw.thch-Sozlalen Volkspartel 1974-1979 Orlgmal 1979 ‘Mat der CSV an d’80er Joren’ Ongmal 1984 ‘E Progrsmm flr I..zch’ Or@nal

LW = Luxemburger Wort TB= Tageblatt LJ= LEtzcburger Journal 72

2.12.a Dutch Partks Coded

M/R1Party Elections2 NOS3 CM@ first-last 32 PPR-Pcditieke.Partij Radicalen 1971-1986 4 22310 (Radical Poht,cal Party) 23 PvdA-Partij van der Arbeid 1946-1986 12 22320 (Labour Party) 29 D’66-Democraten ’66 1967-1986 6 22330 (Democrats ’66) 24 VVD-Volks artij voor Vri”heid en 1946-1986 13 22420 Democratie?Liber~ party\ 34 CDA-Christen Dem?cratisch Appel 1977-1986 4 22521 (Chnstlan Democratic Appeal) 2 KVP-Katholieke Vofkspartij 1946-1971 8 22522 (Cathohc People’s Party)

1 ARPTAnti-Revolutionaire Partij 1946-1971 8 22523 (Anti-Revolutionary Party) 30 DS’70-Democratische Socialisten ’70 1971-1977 3 22524 (Democratic Socialists ’70) 6 CHU-Christqlijk:Histori;che Unie 1946-1971 7 22525 (Christian Hlstoncal Umon)

Joint Programmed: The Progressive Three (PvdA/D’66/PPR) 1971+1972 2 22991 ARP/CHUfKVP 1971+1972 2 22992 Total number of documents coded 69

1 Codes as given in ‘flwmas Mackic/Richard Rose, ‘fhc Iaternatimml Afmanac of Electoral History; Houndmitls, Basir@okr., Hampshire, London 1991 2 Elections for which documents arc coded 3 Number of coded documents 4 Comparative Mmifesbm Project code for parties 2.12.b Dutch Documents Covered ,’

WET PPR NET Pti NET D 6 NET W MST: CDANET KW Radic.1 A Lakaur 6 D.uacr Libaral Chrisei Catholi RW 22310 00122320 00122330 00122420 00122S21 00122522 001 Total DATE ------.------4605 00 1 1 1 s ------4007 00 1 1 1 s ------_------5106 00 1 1 1 4 ------_------5606 00 1 1 1 5 .------5903 00 1 1 1 5 .------_------.------6305 00 1 1 1 5 .------_------6702 00 1 1 1 1 6 ------7103 00 1 1 1 1 1 10 ------7211 00 1 4 ------7705 00 1 1 1 1 1 6 ------6105 00 1 1 1 1 4 ------_------8209 00 1 1 1 1 1 5 ------8605.00 1 1 1 1 1 5’ ------column 4 13 7 14 5 6 69

NET NW 31ZT, DS NETt CMUNET Pvd NET: AM Anti-n. 70 Dam. Chrimti A/D66/PF /C12U/KV9 Row 12523 DO 12524 OD 22525 OD 22991 00 22992 00 Total DATE ------4605.00 1 1 5 .-__------4807.00 1 1 s’ .------5206.00 1 4 .--__------_------5606 00 1 1 5 .------5903.00 1 1 5 .------63D5 00 1 1 s .-----_------6702 00 1 1 6 --_------J------L---- 7103 00 1 1 1 1 1 10 --_------7211 00 1 1 1 4 .------770s 00 1 6 ------_------elo5 00 4 ------82D9 DO 5 ------E605. OD 5 ------column 8 3 7 2 1 69 74

22310 PPR Politieke Partii Radicalen (Radical Political Party)

1971 Verkiezingsprogramma 1971 1972 see 22991 1977 Verkiezingsprogramma 1977-1981 1981 document missing 1982 Manifest ’82. Original 1986 Programma 1986-1990 ‘Verzet en Vernieuwing. Original

I 22320 PvdA Partij van der Arbeid (Labour Party)

1946 Urgentieprogram; Beknopt program 1948 Urgentieprogram; Verkieziogsprogramma 1948 1952 Verkiezingsprogramma 1952 1956 Verkiezingsprogramma 1956 1959 Verkiezingsprogramma 1959 1963 Verkiezingsmanifest 1963 1967 Verkiezingsprogram 1967 1971 Verkiezingsprogramma 1971-1975 1972 see 22991 1977 Verkiezingsprogramma 1977 1981 Verkiezingsprogramma 1981 1982 Verkiezingsprogramma 1982. Original 1986 Verkiezingsprogramma ‘86-’90‘De toekomst is van iedereen. Voor werk en eerlijk delen’. Original

22330 D’66 Democraten ’66 (Democrats ’66/

1967 Verkiezingsprogramma Democraten ’66 1971 Program 1972 see 22991 1977 Verkiezingsprogramma 1977-1981 1981 Verkiezingsprogramma Democraten ’661981-1985 1982 Verkiezingsprogramma Democraten ’661982-1986. Original 1986 Verkiezingsprogramma Democraten ’661986-1990. Originaf 22420 VVD Volkspartti voor Vriiheid en Democratic (Liberal Party) r

1946 rnformatlon mlssmg 1948 Urgentleprogramma 1952 Verklezmgsprogram 1952 1956 Verkiezrngsmamfest 1956, Urgentleprogram 1959 rnformatlon mlssmg 1963 Verluezrngsmanrfest 1963, Urgentleprogram 1967 rnforrnation mlssmg 1971 Verk]ezrngsprogramma 1971-1975 1972 Urgentleprogramma 1977 Verklezmgsprogramma 1977 1981 Verklezrngsprogramma 1981 1982 Urgentle programma 1982 Ongmal 1986 ‘Afsde toekomst Je hef rs ‘Verklezrngsprograrnma 1986-1990. Cmgrnd

22521 CDA Christen Democratisch Appel (Christian Democratic Appeal]

1977 Verklezrngsprogramma 1977-1981 1981 Verklezmgsprogramma 1981-1985 1982 Verklezmgsprogramma 6m een zmvol bestaan’ Ongmal 1986 Verkiezingsprogramma Ongmal

22522 KVP Katholiike Volkspart[i (Catholic People’s Part~

1946 Urgentleprogranr 1948 Verkleahgsmanrfest 1948 1952 Werkprograrn erklezmgsprogramma 1952) 1956 Werkprograrn YVerkezmgsprograrnma 1956) 1959 Verkiezingsmamfest 1959 1963 Verkiezmgsmamfest 1963 1967 Werkprogram 1967-1971 1971 Kemprogramma 1972 see 22992 22523 ARP Anti-revolutionaire Partii (Anti-RevoIutionary Party)

1946 Program van actie voor de verlriezingen van 1946 1948 Program van actie voor de verkiezingen van 1948 1952 Program van actie voor de verkiezingen van 1952 1956 Program van actie 1956 1959 Program van actie 1959 1963 Program van actie 1963 1967 Program van actie 1967-1971 1971 Program van actie 1971-1975 1972 see 22992

22524 DS’70 Democratische Socialisten ’70 (Democratic Socialist ’70)

1971 Verkiezingsprogram 1971 1972 Verkiezirrgsprogram 1972 1977 Verkiezingsprogram 1977

22525 CHU Christeli.jk- Hktorische Unie (Christian Historical Union)

1946 Urgentieprogramma 1945 1948 Urgentieprogramma 1946 1952 No document found 1956 Verkiezingsmanifest 1956 1959 Verkiezingsmanifest 1959 1963 Verkiezingsmanifest 1963 1967 Verkiezingsmanifest 1967 1971 Politick werkprogram 1972 see 22992

Joint Programmed:

22991 PvdAID’66/PPR

1971 Hofdlijnen van een regeringsprogram 1971-1975 1972 Regeerakkoord van de progressive dne

22992 ARP/CHU/KVP

1971 Gemeenschappelijk urgentieprogram 1971-1975 1972 Gemeenschappelijk manifest 77

2.13.a New Zealand Parties Coded

M/RI Party Electlons2 NOS3 CM# first-lrst 3 Labour Party 1946-1987 15 64320 9 National Party 1946-1987 15 64620 11 Social CredWllemocratlc Party 1954-1987 11 64951 Total number of documents coded 41

1 Cdcs as gwen u Tlom_ MachelR1chad Rose, lb Inlernatmml Almanac of Etectml Hutory, HoundmLIIY, Ba.su@oke, Ham shue,London 1991 2 EJeclmm for whlcE documenti a coded 3 Number of co&d documents 4 Campuau.m Mamfestm Prqect code br parties 78

2.13.b New Zealand Documents Covered I

NSW: Lab NEW: Nat NEW: Soc our Part ional Pa ial Cred Row 64320.00 64620.00 64951.00 Total ------DATE ------4611.00 1 1 2 ------4911.00 1 1 2 ------5111.00 1 1 2 ------5411.00 1 1 1 3 ------5711.00 1 1 1 3 ------6011.00 1 1 1 3 ------6311.00 1 1 1 3 ------6611.00 1 1 1 3 ------6911.00 1 1 1 3 ------7211.00 1 1 1 3 ------7511.00 1 1 1 3 ------7811.00 1 1 1 3 ------8111.00 1 1 1 3 ------8407.00 1 1 2 ------8708.00 1 1 1 3 ------column 15 15 11 41 79

64320 Labour Party

1946 ‘Labour Party Pohcy’ NZH30 101946 1949 ‘Labour Party’s Electlon Mamfesto’ NZH211 1949 1951 ‘labour Party Makes Promises’ NZH188 1951 1954 ‘Pollcy of the Labour Party’ PRESS 201254 1957 N Z LabOur Party Mamfesto 1957 Onginaf. 1960 ‘Labour Party Stakes Its Chum’ NZH 11160 1963 N Z Labour Party 1963 General ElectIon Marufesto Orrgrnsl 19661966 ElectIon Msmfesto Ongmal 1969 Labour’s Elcctlon Pohcy 1969 Ongmaf 1972 Labour Party Mamfesto 1972 Original 1975 The Labour Party Mamfesto 1975 Ongmsf 1978 To Rebtuld the NatIon Onguraf 1981 ‘Gettrng New Zealand Working Again.’ Ongmaf 19841984 Pohcy Document Ongmal 1987 The Next Three Years Labour’s Plan for the Future Be there with Labour Ongmal

64620 National Party

1946 Policy General ElectIon 1946 Ongrnsf 1949 Pohcy General ElectIon 1949 Ongmal 1951 ‘Capacity House Cheers Prime Mrnister’ NZH 1481951 1954 A Record of Progress, Gcneraf Electron Polrcy Ongrnal 19571957 General Electlon Policy Ongrnaf 19601960 Genersd Electlon Pohcy Ongural 1963 1963 General ElectIon POIICY Ongmal 19661966 General Elcctlon Pohcy Ongmal 19691969 Genersf ElectIon Policy Original 19721972 General ElectIon Pohcy Or@ml 1975 Nahorsal Party Mamfesto Ongmal 19781978 General ElectIon Pohcy ‘We’reKeeping Our Word’ Ongmal 1981 ‘Tim MYour Future Pohtlcs for the Decade of the 80s’ Ongural 1984 ‘Nat]onal’s84 ElectIon Polrcy New Zealand, you’re.wmmg’ Ongmal 1987 ‘let’s get New Zealand Right Mamfesto ’87’ Ongmal 64951 Social Credit/Democratic Party

1954 ‘Social Credit’s Four Policy Planks’ NZH 28.12.1954 1957 ‘Social Credk ‘Keeping Out of Bidding Contest” NZH 8.11.1957 1960 ‘Tax Cuts, Help in Housing is Aim of Social Credit’ NZH 3.11.1960 1963 ‘Social Credit Manifesto’ NZH 7.11.1963 1966 ‘NoTaxes on First S520’ NZH 3.11.1966 1969 ‘Social Credit offers Private School Aid’ NZH 6.11.1969 1972 Generaf Policy Originaf 1975 ‘The New Dimension’ Original 1978 ‘Bold New Policies’ Oriairtal 1981 ‘Social Credit Manifesto 1981’ Ori~inaf 1984 document missing 1987 ‘N.Z. Democratic Party Manifesto. Democrats. Opportunity with Just;ce.’ Original

NZH = New Zealand Herald, Auckland PRESS = The Press. Christchurch 81

2.14.a Norwegian Patties Coded

M/RI Party Electlons2 NOS3 CM# first-last 9 NKP-Norgcs Kommumstlske Psrtl 1945-1957 4 12220 (Commumst Party) 14 Sosmhstlsk Folkepartl 1961-1985 7 12221 (Somahst People’s Part rena,med: Somahstmk P enstrepartl m 1975 (Soclahst Left Party) 4 DNA-Det Norske Arbeldcrp~tl 1945-1985 11 12320 (Labor Party) 1973 1 12410 16 F::E:;$%%;L renamed: DLF-Det lberale Folkcpartl m 1980 (Llbcral People’s Party) 1 Ve.nstre (Llbcrals) 1945-1985 11 12420 1945-1985 11 12520

2 H$yrc (Conservatwcs) 1945-1985 11 12620 7 Bondcparhct (Farmers’ Party 1945-1985 11 12810 renamed SP-Senterpartlet (k entre Party) m 1959 15 Anders Langes, Partl 1973-1985 4 12951 &{~ri~i%%i4ttspsrt~et m 1977

Total number of documents coded 71

1 CodU u gwen m Thomas MackwRxhard Rose, ‘Em Intermuond AJmmmc of EJecrord Hmory, Houndnuh, Ba.wngamke,H~m b, London 1991 2 EJCCIIOCUfor whIc!?documents me coded 3 Number of coded d.xumenh 4 Camp~alwe Marmfestm Prqeu code for pales 82

2.14.b Norwegian Documents Covered

INOR: NKP NOR: SLP NOR: DNA NOR: DLF I Conununi Sociali LabOur Liberal ROW [12220.00122221.00112320.00112410.00/ Total DATE ------I------I------I------l------I 4510.00 6 / -----: -- !------:-----:--I------/ 4910.00 [-----:--i------i-----:--;------i 6 5310.00 6 I-----:-- i------l-----:--l------i 5710.00 6 I-----: -- i------i-----: -- i------i 6109.00 11 6 I------!-----:--i------I------i 6509.00 6 I------i -----:-- i-----: -- i------i 6909.00 6 I------1-----:--[-----:--i------1 7309.00 8 I------1-----:--l-----u-----:--l 7709.00 7 I------i-----: -- i-----: --i ------i 0109.00 7 1------!-----:-- 1-----:-- ;------1 8509.00 I 1 1------i-----: -- i-----: -- !------i Colunu 4 8 12 1 71

The Norwegian documents are stnred in the Norwegian Social Science Data Services, Bergen Norwegian Documents Covered (Continued)

#on, V.n NOR,-. K: NOR HOY NOR LID*raL Cnrlstla r. cons. C.ncr. P k’mg..m. 12420 00 12520 00 12620 00 12810 00 129S1 00 DATE ------. ..----.------. 4510 00 1 1 1 1 6 .--__------. 4910 00 1 1 1 1 6 .------. 5310 00 1 1 1 1 6 .------. 5710 00 1 1 1 1 6 .------. 6109 00 1 1 1 1 6“ .------. 6509 00 1 1 1 1 6 .------. 6909 00 1 1 1 1 6 ---_------7309 00 1 1 1 1 1 0 .------_------7709 00 1 1 1 1 1 7 ------______------8109 00 1 1 1 1 1 7 ------8509.00 1 1 1 1 1 1 .-_-_------Colum 12 12 12 12 5 71

The Norwegmn documents are stored m the Norw’egm Social Science Dala Semces, Bergen 2.15.a Swedish Parties Coded

M/R’ Party Electionsz NOS3 CMP4 first-last 23 Miljopartiiet de Grona 1988 1 11110 (Ecology Party The Greens 10 Sveriges Kommunistiska Parti 1948-1988 14 11220 (Commumst Party of Sweden ~ renamed: VK-,Vansterpartiet k ommunisterna in 1967 (Left Commyusts Party); renamed Vansterpartlet (Left Party) in 1990 5 SSA-Sveriges Soc~aldemokratistiska 1948-1988 14 11320 Arbetareparti (Socml Democrats) 18 FP-Folk artiet (People’s Part ); 1948-1988 14 11420 rename i : Folkpamet L~berarerna in 1990 (People’s Party of the Liberals) 6 Hogerpartiet RI ht Party . 1948-1988 14 11620 renamed: lvl~-~oderateiamlingspartiet in 1969 (Moderate Unity Party) 7 Bondeforbundet (Agrarian Party); 1948-1988 14 11810 renamed CP-Centerpartlet (Centre Party) in 1957 Total number of documents coded 71

1 Codes as given in ‘flmma.s Mackie/Ki~hard Rose, The fntermtiomd Almanac of Electoral Hktow, HmmdmiU$, Basiogstokc, Hampshire, Loodon 1991. 2 Elections for which documents are coded. 3 Number of cod..documents. 4 C!ompuativeMaoifcstosProjectcwk forparties. 2.15.b Swedish Documents Covered

IS91E Ec. SW)3 VU S6ilJSSA WE FP SUE KDS WE: MS SW)! CP Ilogy Par cou.muni. social Q.oP1o9 F30dorataCantr. P ROW I1111O 00]11220 00111320 00111420 00111620 OOI11E1O 001 Total DATE ------i------i ------I------1 ------i ------i------I 194809 00 11111111 5 1------i------l -----; --p----i-- p------1-----:-- i 195209 00 5 I------i-----u------1------1-----: --1 -----:--i 195609 00 5 I------!-----;--:-----:--!-----:--;-----;--:-----:--; 195806 00 I 5 l------i ------l-----:--i -----: --1------I-----2 196009 00 1111111111 5 I------l-----j-- ~-----;-- ~-----; --p------1------1 196409 00 I 5 I------i------l-----j--~-----;--~-----:-- i-----u 196809 00 11 1111 5 1------i------l------l------l-----;-- ~------l 197009 00 11 11 11 5 I------1-----:-- i------l ------I------1------1 197309 00 11111111 5 I------i-----: --i------l ------1------1------1 197609.00 I - 11 Ill Ill s l------i-----:--! ------1------1------I---J----I 197909 00 1111111111 5 I------~ -----; --~-----; --~ -----;--~ -----;--~ ------I 198209.00 11 5 I------I------I-----; --] -----; --\ -----;--\ ------I 198509 00 I is, I------i-----:--i-----;-- ~-----;--~-----;--\-----:--i 198809 00 1 ,1 6 I-----: --! -----l------I ------I------l------,-- I column 2 16 16 16 16 16 71 86

11110 Mil.jopartiet de Grona (Ecology Party The Greens~

1988 Valmanifest.

11220 Vansterpartiet (Left Party)

1948 Valmanifest, published in the CDN 1952 Valmanifest, published in the CDN 1956 Valmanifest, ‘Fram for arbetarseger i valet’, published in CDN 1958 Leaflet, ‘Vad galler nyvalet’ 1960 Valmanifest, published in the CDN 1964 Article by the party leader on polling day, ‘Socialistisk fornyelse’ 1968 Valmanifest ‘For vansterseger 1968:, published in CDN 1970 Valmanifest and statement on salarles, prices and taxation 1973 Valmanifest, ‘MealVpk for vansterseger’ CDN 1976 Valmanifest, ‘4rbetarpolitik och socialism for en battre framtid’, CDN 1979 Valmatrifest, ‘Radikal arbetarpolitik. vagen till socialism’. Original 1982 Valmanifest, ‘Fred, arbete, social rattvisa’, Originaf 1985 ‘Politik for socialism P5 svenska’. Original 1988 Valmanifest 1988. Original

11320 SSA Sverfges Socialdemokratiska Arbetarspartiet (Social Democrats] 1948 Valmanifest, duplicated press release 1952 Valmanifest, published in the press 1956 Valmartifest, ‘Fortsatt ekonomisk utjamning’ published in the press 1958 First of May Manifesto and Declaration 1960 First of May Manifesto and Declaration 1960 Election newspaper 1964 Election magazine, ‘Ett handlingskraftigft samhalle’ 1968 Valmanifest, press release ‘4rbete, trygghet, utveckling’. Originaf 1970 Valmanifest. Original 1976 Valmanifest, published for the press 1979 Valmanifest, published for the press 1982 Valmanifest, ‘Fred och arbete’. Original 1985 Valmanifest. Originrd 1988 Valmanifest ‘En inbjudan till afla Valjare’. Original 87

11420 FP Folkpartiet Iiberalerna (People’s Party of the Liberals] ‘,

1948 Vslmantfest, pubhshed m the press 1952 Valmamfest, advertisement pubhshed m the press 1956 Valmamfest, pubhshed in the press 1958 Valmamfest, pubhshed m the press 1960 Valmamfest, ‘Mo]hghete mss arhonde’, pubhshed so the press 1964 Magamre for young votera, ‘Liberal utmanmg’ 1968 ‘Dm rest pa fofkparhet ger resultat’ ,, 1970 Valmamfest, duphcated press release ,, 1973 Valmamfest, duphcated press release 1976 Valmamfest, ‘Socmla Reformer rrtsn Soclahsm’ 1979 Valmamfest, ‘Arrsvaroch samforstarrd’ 1982 Valmamfest, ‘For fnhet och rattwsa’ 1985 ‘Ny kurs for Svenge Valmarufest mfor valet 1985 arstaget av Folkpartlets parhatyrelse den 1 ynu 1985’ Ongmal 1988 Valmamfest 88 ‘Det behovs bilde hJaIta och hjama I pobtdren Ongrnrd

11620 MS Moderate Samlingspartiet (Conservatives)

1948 Valmamfest, ‘Hogern ager 1fran’ 1952 Leaflets ‘Hogern behovs nu’ and ‘Det lonar slg’ 1956 Valmamfest- 1958 Youth leaftet, ‘Sa har vdf Jarl HlsJmerson La$wa-- upp afspalet’,”pp 2 1960 Leaflet, ‘Hogersftematwet - ett alternatw alltrantrapa’ Leaflet, ‘OMS~NeJ1’ Leaflet, ‘Att vdja sts ps egna hen’ 1964 Leaffet, ‘Konsten att fanga en mdjon’ 1968 Magszme, ‘Dags for sidbyte?’ 1970 Valmamfest, ‘Samvarkan, rattma, snsvsr’ 1973 Valmamfest 1976 Valmamfest 1979 Valmarufest, ‘Frrurmd1Fnhet’ 1982 Valmamfest, ‘Frarrmd 1Fnhet’ 1985 Valmamfest 1985 ‘Framtld i fnhet’ Original 1988 Valmamfest 1988 ‘Frsmtldens ideer’ Ongmal 11810 CP Centerpartiet (Agrariarr/Centre Part~ 1948 Valmanifest, printed 1952 Valmanifest, published in the press 1956 Valmanifest, printed 1958 Valmanifest, printed 1960 Valmanifest, printed 1964 Information missing 1968 Valmanifest, ‘Framtidspolitik i 40 punkter’ 1970 Valmanifest, ‘Mafet ar jamlikhet och decentralisering’ 1973 Valmanifest, printed 1976 Valmanifest, printed 1979 Valmanifest, printed 1982 Valmanifest, printed 1985 ‘reed centern for framtiden’. Program infer Original valet 15 September 1985.

1988 Valprogram 1989-1991. Originrd

~

CDN = Communist daily newspaper 89

2,16.a British Pafiles Coded

M/R’ Party Electlonsz NOS3 CMF first-last 6 Labour Party 1945-1987 13 51320 2 Llbcral Party 1945-1987 11 ,51420

1 Conservatwe Psfty 1945-1987 13 51620

!, Joint Programmed: I Liberal/SDP-AUmnce 1983+1987 2 51991 Total number of documents coded 39

1 Codes u gwcn m Thomu Machellkhard ROX, The !nlmmrwnal Afmanac cfEfe.kwal Hutory, Houndmdls, Basmgstoke,Ham Ike, London 1991 2 Electlom for whc I documents src coded 3 Number of cockd d-menls 4 Compuawm Mmtfeslm Project cede for pubes 90

2.16.b British Documents Covered

IUK: Labo UK: Libe UK: Cons US: Alli Ius Party ral Part ervative ante ROW 151320.00151420.00\51620.00151991.00\ ‘Total DATE ------1------I------l------I------1 194507.00 1111 3 1------1------I-----: -- l------! 195002.00 3 /-----:--:-----:-- :-----:--I------/ 195110.00 3 l-----:--i-----:--!-----:-- 1------i 19550S.00 I 3 1-----:--i-----:--1-----: --i------l 195910.00 111111 3 l------[------l------l------l 196410.00 3 I-----: -- i-----: -- i-----: --i ------i 196603.00 3

I -----: --1-----:-- [-----:--i ------I 191006.00 3 1-----:--1 -----:--! -----: --1 ------! 197402.00 3 1-----:--1-----:--!-----:--!------1 197410.00 3 1-----:-- i-----:--1-----:-- i------i 197905.00 3 I-----:--!-----:--1-----:--!------! 198306.00 3 l-----:-- i------i-----: -- i-----: --i 198706.00 3 I-----:--!------i-----:--i-----:--i colm 14 12 14 2 39 91

51320 Labour Party

1945 The Labour Mamfesto, ‘Let Us Face the Future FWs A Declaration of Labour Pohcy for the Conslderatlon of the Natron’ 1950 The Labour Mamfesto, ‘Let Us Wm Through Together FWS A Declaration of Labour Polrcy for the Conslderahon of the Nahon’ 1951 The Labour Party ElectIon Marufesto Fws 1955 ‘Forward wth Labour Labour’s Pohcy for the Conslderatlon of FWS the Nation’ 1959 ‘Bntam Belongs to You’, The Labour Party Policy for the Fws Conslderatron of the NatIon 1964 ‘Let’sGo With Labour for the New Bntarn’ Fws 1966 ‘Time for Declslon’ FWS 1970 ‘Now Bntam’s Strong - Let’s Make lt Great to Lwe In’ Fws 1974-02 ‘Let us Work Together - Labnur’s Way Out of the Cnsls’ 1974-10 ‘Bntam Wdl Wm W]th Labour’, wth a foreword by Wdson !% 1979 ‘The Labour Way Mthe Better Way’ TG May 1979 1983 ‘The New Hope for Bntam’ TG June 1983 1987 ‘Bntam Wdl Wm’ TG Apnf 1987

51420 Liberal Party

1945 Llberrd Marufesto, ‘20-Point Mamfesto of the Liberal Party’ or FWS 1950 Liberal Manrfesto, ‘No Easy Way Bntarn’s Problems FWS and the Lberaf Answers’ 1951 Liberal Mamfesto, ‘The Nahon’s Task 1955 ‘Cnsm Unresolved’ i%; 1959 ‘People Count’ FWS 1964 ‘Think for Yourself - Vote Liberal’ 1966 ‘For all the People The Liberal Plan of 1966’ K: 1970 ‘What a hfel’ 1974-02 ‘Change the Face of Britain’, mtroductlon by Thorpe % 1974-10 ‘Whv Bntam Needs Liberal Government’, Fws mtrdduction bv Thorne 1979 ‘The Real Flgbt KSfo~Bntam’ TG May 1979 1983 See 51991 1987 See 51991 92

51620 Conservative Party

1945 Conservative Manifesto 1945, (Churchill’s declaration of policy to the electorate), pp. 113-23 1950 Conservative Manifesto, ‘This is the Road: the Conservative and Unionist Party’s Policy’, pp. 139-52 1951 The Manifesto of the Conservative and Unionist Party, signed by Churchill, pp. 167-73 1955 ‘United for Peace and Progress’, The Conservative and Unionist Party’s Policy, pp. 182-202; (starts with a 2-page personal statement by the then P.M;, Anthony Eden) 1959 ‘The Next Five Years’, The Conservative and Unionist Party’s Policy, pp. 214-22 1964 ‘Prosperity with a Purpose’, Conservative and Unionist,,Party’sPolicy 1966 ‘Action not WOrds: New Conservative Programme’ 1970 ‘ABetter Tomorrow’, with an introduction signed by Heath 1974-02 ‘Firm Action for a Fair Britain’ 1974-10 ‘Putting Britain First’ 1979 The Conservative Manifesto 1979, TG May 1979 1983 ‘The Challenge of Our Time’ TG June 1983 1987 ‘The Next Moves Forward’ TG April 1987

51991 The Liberal/SDP Afliance

1983 ‘Working Together for Britain’, Liberaf/SPD Afliance Manifesto, introduction by Jenkins and Steel. Original 1987 Britain United ‘The Time Has Come’ TG April 1987

KEY

TG = The Times Guide to the House of Commons FWS = All manifesto up to 1974 taken from FWS Craig, British General Election Manifesto 1900-1974, London, Macmillan, 1974 93

2.17.a US-American Parties Coded

M/R1 Party Elections2 NOS3 CM# first-lsst 1 Democrahc Party 1948-1988 11 61320 8 Reoubhcan PartY 1948-1988 11 61620 24 Progresswc Party (H Wallace) 1948 1 61622 25 State’s R@ts Party 1948 1 61911 Total number of documents coded 24

I tides as SIven m Thomas MackeMlchard Rose, The Interrmhond Almanac d Elwmral H~iOq, HOundm~k Basq$tnke, Ham hue, London 1991 2 Ele-dmns for whlx documents ate ceded 3 Numhcr of coded dcamenh 4 Comparative Mmlfesmx Project code for pames 94

2.17.b US-American Documents Covered

USA: DemUSA: Ren USA: PKO USA: Sta ncra+s______ublican~ gressive tes Righ Row 61320.00 61620.00 61622.00 61911.001 Total DATE ------4811.00 1 1 1 1 4 ------.------5211.00 1 1 2 ------.----.-- 5611.00 1 1 2 ------6011.00 1 1 2 ------6411.00 1 1 2 ------.------6811.00 1 1 2 ------7211.00 1 1 2 ------7611.00 1 1 2 ------8011.00 1 1 2 ------8411.00 1 1 2 ------8811.00 1 1 2 ------Column 19 19 1 1 24 95

61320 Democratic Party

1948 Democratic Party Platform 1948 1952 Democratic Party Platform 1952 1956 Democrahc Party Platform 1956 1960 Democratic Party Platform 1960 PJ 1964 Democrahc Party Platform 1964 PJ 1968 Democratic Party Platform 1968 PJ 1972 Democrahc Party Platform 1972 CQ wr Vol XXX No 29, 15 July 1972

1976 Democratic Party Platform 1976

1980 Democrahc Paty Platform 1980 CQ rd 91B-121B, 1980 1984 urformatlon mlssmg 1988 The 1988 Democratic National Platform Ongmsl

61620 Republican Party

1948 Republican Party Platform 1948 PJ 1952 Repubhcarr Party Platform 1952 PJ 1956 Repubhcan Party Platform 1956 PJ 1960 Repubhcsn Party Platiorm 1960 PJ 1964 Repubhcsn Party Platform 1964 PJ 1968 Republrcsn Party Platform 1968 PJ 1972 Republican Party Platform 1972. CQ wr Vol. XXX No 35,26 August 1972 1976 Republican Party Platform 1976 ::7# Vol XXXH,

1980 Repubhcsn Party Platform 1980. ~~8: 58B-84B,

1984 mforrnahon mrssmg 1988 Republrcsn Platform Ar American Vlslon Original For Our Children and Our Future

61622 Progreaalve Party (H. Wallace~

1948 mformatlon mmsmg 96

61623 State’s R]ghts Party

1948 information missing

KEY

PJ = All Democratic and Republican platforms up to 1968 taken from K.N. Porter and D.B. Johnson (eds.), National Party Platforms 1840-1968, Urbana, Ill., University of Illinois Press 1970. CQ wr = Congressional Quarterly, weekly report. CQ al = Congressional Quarterly, almanac. 97

2.18.a Israeli Parties Coded

M/R’ Party Electlons~ NOS3 CMP4 fret-last 5 MAKI-Mifla a Kommumst]t Isrc’cht 1949-1969 5 72220 (Commufrrst $arty of Israel) 32 MOKED (FOCUS) 1973 1 72221 37 SHELLI-Shalom le’Israel - 1977-1981 2 72221 Shwlon lc’Israel (Peace m Israel - Equahty m Israel) 11 44 Hareshlma Ha’mltkadcmet le-Shalom 1984+1988 2 72222 (Progresswe List for Peace) 23 RAKAH-Reshlma Kommumstlt 1965-1973 2 72225 Hadssha (New communist Party). 34 HADASH-Haat Democratlt le Shalom 1977-1988 4 72225 ve-Shwa on (Democratic Front for Peace and Equ& ty) 1! ,,1’ 29 Hatnuah Lczhrot Ha’ezrach 1973-1988 5 72310 (Cltlzens’ R@ts Movement) 1! 7 MAPAM-Mlfleget Ha’poalurr 1949-1965 6 B 72311 Hameudet (Umted Workers’ Party) 21 Ma’math I (Ahgnment I) 1969 1 72320 21 Ma’axachH (Ahgnment If) 1973-1984 4 ‘ 72321 25 RAF1-Reshlmat Pordel Israel 1965 1 72322 26 Mfle et Ha’avoda Ha’Israellt 1965+1988 2 72323 (Israef1Labour Party) 1 MAPAI-Mdleget Poalel 1949-1961 5 ~ “72324 Erctz Israel (Workers’ Party of the Land of Israel) 18 Achdut Ha’avoda PoalcI Zion 1959-1961 2 72325 22 H’Mfflaga HLlberallt H’Atzmaect 1949-1981 9 72410 (Progresswe and Independent hberal Party) 19 IWlaga Hsliberaht (hbersl Party) 1961 [ ‘1 72411 33 Dash-Hatnuah Hademokratlt Lc-stunru 1977 1 ( 72412 (Democratic Move.mcnt for Change)

1 Cod- as gwen m Them= Macke/Richard ROS, The Int.rnaswnal Almanac of Ekcwral Hurory, Hound!ml!s, Basmgslokc,Ham bum,London 1991 2 Elcchons for whwr documents are coded 3 Number of coded documents 4 CmnparatIve Mamfesm.s Pro]ect code for parues 98

2.18.a Israeli Parties Coded (continued)

MIR5 Party Elections$ NOS7 CMP8 first-last 38 Shinui (Change) 1981-1988 3 72413 47 Yachad (Together) 1984 1 72414 2 Zionim Klalim (General Zonists’) 1949-1959 4 72420 43 Ometz (Courage) 1984 1 72425 ““ 17 Mafdal-Miflaga Datit Leumit 1949-1988 12 72530 (Natlonaf Rehglous Par~) 8 Agudah Israel (Association of Israel) 1959-1988 8 72531 39 Tami-Tenua le’Masoret Israel 1981+1984 2 72S32 (Movement for Israel’s Tradition) 45 SHAS-Shomrei Torah Sephardim 1984+1988 2 72533 (Sephardl Torah Guardians) 42 Morasha (Heritage) 1984 1 72534 27 Hamerkaz Hahofshi (Free Centre) 1969 1 72610 28 Reshima Mamlachtit (State List) 1969 1 72611 40 Tehiya-Tenuat Hetehiya 1981-1988 3 72612 (Renaissance Movement) 46 Tsomet (Crossroads) 1988 1 72613 50 Degel Hatorah (Torah Flag) 1988 1 72614 51 Moledet (Homeland) 1988 1 72615 (Renaissance Movement) 4 Herut (Freedom Party) 1949-1961 5 72620 20 Gahal-Gush-Herut Liberalim 1965+1969 2 72621 (Freedom Liberaf Block) 31 Likud (Union) 1973-1988 5 72622 36 Shlomzion (Peace for Zion) 1977 1 72623 Total number of documents 108

5 Codes as given in ‘fimmas Mackie/Richard Rose, The [Ikwuuion.1 Almanac of Ekctord Histoy, Hmmdmills, Basingstoke, Hampshire, Lo”don 1991. 6 Electiom for which documems are coded. 7 Number of coded documcrm. 8 Comparative Manifesto Project code for p.wties, 99

2.18.b Israeli Documents Covered

IlSR 3!aklSR ~k lSR Pro lSR Rak ISR Rat lSR H-P lSR Ha- 16R8 31a- Ii cowun ●d/shall gren.ive ah/Badas z Citlzm m Unit= arach 1 arach 11 ROW 172220 00172221 00172222 00172225 00172310 00172311.00172320.00172321 001 Total DATE ------1 -----;-- ~------~ ------~ ------~------~ -----;-- ~------~------l 194901 00 I 7 I-----;--j------[------\------~------~------l 195107 00 6 I------l------~ ------1------i------~------1------~------l 195507 00 I 11 6 1------1------1------1------1------1------1 ------I------I 195907 00 8 I------!------:------:------!------[-----;-- :------:------/ 19610.900 I 8 I-----:--i------1------1------l------l-----;--~------~------l 196511 00 11 9 I-----:--i------l------l------1------1------~-----;--~------1 196910 00 I 11 7 I------~-----;------~-----;-- ~-----i-- ~------~------[ ------1 197312 00 I 11 8 I------1------l------\ ------l------l------I 197705 00 10 I------/-----;-- :------;-----:--;-----;--:------~------~-----:--: 198106 00 I 11 I------l------l-----;--~-----:-- 1------1------~------l -----:--1 198407.00 14 I------:------~-----;--:-----;--:-----:--:-----;-- :------:-----:--: 198811 00 14 1------1------1------I------l------l------1------1------I Calm 5“ 3“ 2 7 5 6 1 4 108 100

2.18.b Israeli Documents Covered (continued)

[lSR: R., lSR: IL, lSR: MaP 1S,: .4.,lSR: ,,0 lSR: Lib ISR, .a, [i Reshim L.abour .aiwork. d.t Ha-a gressive eral Par h Democr ROW 172322.00[72323.00172324.00172325.00 [72410.00172411.00[72412.0Ol Total DATE ------I------l------I------I------I------1 ------I------I 19.4901.00 7

I ------I ------!-----: --! ------I -----:-- 1------! ------! 195107.00 6 1------i------1-----:--1------1-----:-- 1------1------i 195507.00 6 1------i------i-----:--~------i-----:-- 1------i------i 195907.00 8 1------!------I------1-----:--i-----:--!------!------! 196100.00 1111 8 1------i------i------I------1------1-----:--!------I 196511.00 9 l-----:--!-----:-- 1------1------i-----:-- i------1------i 196910.o0 7 1------i------i------i------!-----:--!------i------! 197312.00 8 1------1------1------1------1-----: --1------1 ------1 197705.00 10 1------1------i------!------!-----2------1 -----: --i 198106.00 11 I------i------1------1------1-----:-- !------i------i 198407.00 14 1------i------i------i------!------1------1------I 198811.00 14 1------l-----:--i ------i------l------l------l------I column 1 3 5 2 9 1 1 108 101

2.18.b kraeli Documents Covered (continued)

IlSR Shi lSR rem lSR con lSR cm lSR Nat lSR A9u lSR: Tam

1.ui Ch.n had Tog. .ral Zio tz Coura ioml R. dat I.rti1 MC.VUM ROW 172413 00[72414 00172420 00172435 00172530 00[72531 00173532 001 Total

DATE ------1------I------1------l------I------1------l------I 194901 00 11 11 7 I------1------l-----; ------1------I------1------1 195107 00 11 6 1------1------I------l------I------1------l------I 195507 00 11 11 6 I------I------~ -----;-- ~------\ ------1------1------I 195907 00 1111 8 1------1------;------1------1------I-----;-- ~------I 196108 00 11 8 1------I------I------l------I------1------1------I 196511 00 11 11 9 1------1------~------1------1------1------1------I 196910 00 11 7 1------1------I------1------1 ------I------1------1 197312 00 1111 8 I------1------1------:------:-----;-- :-----;--;------I 197705 00 10 l-----;-- ~------~------I------~------l-----; -- ~------I 198106 00 11 11 11 l-----; -- ~-----; -- ~------~ -----; -- p----i-- ~-----;-- p------I 198407 00 11 14 1------1------~------1------~------I-----; --j------I 198011 00 14 I-----2------1------1------1-----:--1 ------1------1 column 3 1 4 1 13 .9 3 10.9 102

2.18.b Israeli Documents Covered (continued)

IISR: Sha lSR: nor lSR: Fre lSR: sta lSR: Teh lSR: TSO ISR: Deg (s Sephar asha Eiere Centre te List iya Rena met CrOB .1 32ator ROW 172533.00172534.00 [72610.00172611.00172612.00/72613.00/72614.O0l Total DATE ------1------I------I------I------1------1------l------I 194901.00 7 I------1------1------1------i------i------i------i 195107.00 6 I------1------1------1------1------1------i------i 195507.00 6 1------!------I------i------!------i------i------! 195907.00 8 I------1------1------I------i------!------!------i 196108.00 8 I------i------!------i------1------!------1------I 196511.00 9 /------/------i------/------/------/------/------I 196910.00 7 l------l------!-----:--!-----:--!------!------!------l 197312.00 I 8 1------1 ------! ------i------1------i------l------i 19770S.00 10 I------1------1------1------1------i------l------i 19S106.00 I 11 I------i------i------l------i-----:--l------i------! 190407.00 14 . I-----:-- 1-----:--i------i------i-----:-- !------i------i L9B811.00 14 1-----:--1------1------i------1-----:--1-----:--1-----: --1 Columm 2 1 1 1 4 2 1 108 103

2.18.b Israeli Documents Covered (continued)

IlSR 1601ISR 0.. lSR Gah lSR Lik lSR, Shl 1.d.t nom .t Fr..d .1 Fr.d ud Union omzio. P Row 17261S 00172620 00172621.00172622 00172623 00[ Total DATE ------i------i------i------i------i ------t 194901 00 7 ;------;-----:--1------1------/------/ 195107 00 6 I------i -----: --l------[ ------!------i 195507 00 I 6 1------!-----:--i------i------l------i 195907 00 8 I------i -----: --i ------1------1------I 1961OB 00 I 11 0 1------1------1------1------I------1 196511 00 9 I------i------1-----:--1------1------1 196910 00 7 I------i------i-----:-- !------I------I 197312 00 8 1------!------l------l-----u------l 197705 00 10 I------i ------i ------i -----:--i -----:--i 19.910600 11 11 1------i------i------l------1------! 198407.00 I 14 1------!------! ------!-----: -- i------i 198811.00 I 14 I-----:--!------i------i-----:--l------! Colm 2 5 2 6 1 108 A. Communist Parties

72220 MAIU (Communist Part~

1949 “List of Communists& Independents...” PP 21.1.49 1951 “Platform of the Israel Communist Party& Independent List to the Elections of the 2nd Knesset” JP 27.7.51 1955 Document missing 1959 Document missing 1961 “MAKI Platform” JP 11.7.61 1965 “Mikrmis Urges Arabs to Allow Israel’s Rights” JP 5.8.65 “Foreign Policy: MAKI” NO 8.65 1969 “The Distinctiveness of MAW’ JP 24.10.69 MAKI (MOKED) Policy z

72221 MOKED/SHELLI (Focus/Peace in Israe~

1973 “MOKED” NO 12.73 1977 “SHELLI, Alliance for Peace& Equafity” JP 25.4.77 1981 Advertisement Ha’aretz “If You Believe in SHELLI” JP 25.6.81 “SHELLI Stands up for Democracy” JP 29.6.81

72222 Progressive Lk.t for Peace

1984 Election platform YA 20.7.84 1988 Platform YL

72225 RAKAH/HADASH (DFPE) (New Communist Party)

1965 “Communists Prove Moderate” JP 8.8.65 “The Parties on Foreign Policy: RAKAH” NO 8.65 1969 “Is Peace a Dream?” JP 12.10.69 “Religion & Politics” JP 16.10.69 “Complacency is not a virtue” JP 20.10.69 1973 “The New Communist Party” z “Une Interview de Meir Vilner” L’Humanit6 13.4.71 1977 “A Democratic Front Peace& Equality” JP 20.4.77 “Either a Just& Lasting Peace... ” JP 13.5.77 1981 “Vote for HADASH” JP 27.3.81 “Fear” JP 25.6.81 1984 Election platform YA 20.7.84 1988 Platform YL 105

B. Socialist Parties

72310 RATZ Citizens Rights Movement

1973 “The Movement For Cltlzens Rights” JP310 73 “You don’t Protest Against Ofer “ JP 301273 “The Cltuens R@ts Movement” z 1977 “Check Carefully” JP8577 “ThMISWhat We’ve Done” JP 155.77 “You Don’t Want to Vote for the Ahgnmentt” JP 16577 1981 “If you have not yet decided to vote for ILYIZ” JP266 81 1984 Elechon platform YA207 84 1988 Electron 1988 JPS 311088

72311 MAPAM United Workers’ Party

1949 “What MAPAM Stonds for” PP1012 48 “MAPAM’s Resolutions on the conditions PP 21.449 for Peace” 1951 Document mlssmg 1955 “A Progresswe Oovemment Now” JP227 55 1959 “MAPAM must save MAPAf from Itself” JP279 59 1961 “Rrfkm Democracy or Dlctatorshlp~” JP2761 1965 “MAPAM rs F@tmg “ JP 1510.65 “Towards a Promesswe Socmf & Economic Policy” JP 21.1065 “MAPAM Stan& For “ JP 24.1065 “Towards a Progresswe Sociaf Pohcy” JP2510 65

72320 Ma’arach I (MAPAM, RAFI and ILP)

1969 ‘1969 Electlon Propaganda’ Z pp 159-62 ‘In Conclusion’ JP2410 69

72321 Ma’arach JI (MAPAM and ILP]

1973 ‘1973 ElectIon Propaganda’ Z pp 178-80 ‘A Policy of Stnvmg for Peace’ JP3012 73 1977 ‘The Tasks Ahead Forward with Labour to Face JPM55 77 the Future 1981 ‘HaMa’arach ve haLrkud Ha hevdal hagadol’ Ma’ariv 29.581 ‘where we Stand’ JP 25.681 ‘Israel now needs ‘ JP 17.4.81 1984 Electron platform A 20.784 106

72322 RAFI

1965 “Why Do You Need RAN?” JP 19.9.65 “The Foundations of RAFI’s Platform” JP 3.10.65

72323 ILP Israeli Labour Party

1965 ‘For the ‘70s; Security and Peace’ JP 19.10.65 ‘Towards the 1970s’ (25 daily adverts) JP 19.10.65 to 31.10.65 ‘Foreign Poficy’ NO 8.1965 1969 See 72320 1973 See 72321 1977 See 72321 1981 See 72321 1984 See 72321 1988 Election 1988 JPS 31.10.88

72324 MAPAI Workers’ Party of the Land of Israel

1949 ‘MAPAf Stands for Peace’ PP 13.1.49 ‘To All Members of Free Professions’ PP 23.1.49 1951 ‘MAPAPs Past on Record: The Way Ahead’ JP 27.7.51 ‘The Simple Truth’ JP 15.7.51 ‘To the Masses’ JP 3.5.51 ‘Appeaf to Reason’ (25 daily advertisements) JP 29.6.51 to 29.7.51 ‘Responsibility’ JP 30.7.51 ‘My Plan for the Future’ (David Ben Gurion) JP 27.7.51 1955 ‘The Index Stayed Put’ JP 24.6.55 ‘Well is it the Truth?’ JP 1.7.55 ‘Whose Hands are on the Wheel?’ JP 15.7.55 ‘From the MAPAf Platform? JP 25.7.55 The Mission of our Generation’ ‘AnOpen Letter to the Voter’ JP 26.7.55 1959 ‘The MAPAI Platform, 1959’ JP 30.10.59 ‘To the Citizens of Israel’ JP3.11.59 1961 ‘The Pillars of State’ JP 30.6.61 ‘Vote MAPAI’ JP 4.8.61 ‘Tomorrow You Vote’ JP 14.8.61

72325 Achdut Ha’Avodah

1959 Information missing 1961 “Achdut Ha’Avodah Convention Attacks MAPAf, Pacifies MAPAM” JP 28.5.61 “Galili: Nothing To Do With MAPAP’ JP 2.7.61 107

C. Liberal Parties

72410 Progressive/Independent Liberal

1949 “The Progresswe Party” PP1912 48 “The Upbuddmg of the Country Requires “ PP 16149 “OurSoldlersDemand “ PP171 49 “OurMlddle-ClsssF armers “ PP 18149 “Offlcmls&EmployeesDemand “ PP,201 49 “MenandWomenurt heProfesslons “ PP 23149 “Our Women Ask For Wluch Party ShaU ,~E’24 1.49 We Vote “ 1951 “A Free Economy” JP 11751 “A Busuressman Thinks “ JP20751 “The Roads of Israel” JP23751 “If you Agree “ JP257 51 “A Few Home Truths” JP26751 “How Can Improvement of Economic Condmons be Reached” JP27751 1955 “Curing the Locaf Government” JP1755 “A Victory for Democracy” JP165 55 “Cwd Servant or Petty Offlclal?” JP265 55 “An End to ‘Percentages’ m Settlement Matters” JP 10655 “To the Clhzens of Israel” JP 17655 “Shall We Squander Our Culturaf Heritage?” JP246 55 “Our hswers” JP5755 “Fear” JP8755 “Of ‘satelhtes’, ‘concessions’ & ‘surrender’” JP 11755 “Srngle Party Rule Or Firmly Based Democracy?” JP 227.55 “To the Cmzen! To the Voterl” JP247 55 “The Progresses - Towards Victory” JP257 55 1959 “Essentmls of the Progresswe Party Platform “ JP3010 59 “Who Are We?” JP3010 59 “Dear Cltlzen “ JP3 1159 1961 See 72411 1965 “Foreign Pobcy Independent Liberals” NO 865 “What Independent hbersls are Flghtmg for” JP 91065 “The Re~me & Cwd Rights” JP 171065 “The Mam Points of Our Programme” JP291065 1969 “A Campaign That Goes Strarght to tbe Heart of the Matter” JP249 69 “Both Security & Peace” JP309 69 “The Second Front” JP 61069 “Our Policy m the Admmrztered Areas” JP 101069 “We Have No Axe to Grind” JP1910 69 “The Independent Liberal Party of Israel” z 1973 “The Independent Liberal Party” z “Mron Points of Our Platform” JP 251273 “YOUKKIOWWho” JP3012 73 1977 “The Gateway Opened “ JP3377 “Lmrrg wnh Arabs” “Pensioners” “Heabrrg the Dlsesse of Coercion” JP174 77 JP184 77 “The Structure of Government” JP 19477 108

JP 20.4.77 “Plain Words” JP 26.4.77 1981 “To Undecided Voters” JP 25.6.81 “An Appeal to the Sense of Israel’s Citizens” JP 26.6.81 “What the Independent Liberals Have to Offer” JP 29.6.81

72411 Liberal 1961 (Progressive and General Zionist)

1961 “The Liberal Party: Statement of Principle” JP 19.5.61

72412 Dash Democratic Movement for Change

1977 “It was difficult to leave the Alignment” JP 22.3.77 “The Israeli Who Cares” JP 20.4.77 “Dear Fellow Citizen” JP 27.4.77 “Time For A Change”, six separate sections JP 3.5.77 JP 5.5.77 JP 6.5.77 JP 9.5.77 JP 10.5.77 JP 13.5.77

72413 Shinui (Change)

1981 “Shinui Means Change” JP 12.6.81 “Why Shinui...?” JP26.6.81 1984 Election platform YA 20.7.84 1988 Election 1988 JPS 31.10.88

72414 Yahad (Together)

1984 Election platform YA 20.7.84 109

72420 General Zionist

1949 “The Grmcral Zlomsts Orgamsahon Mthe Centre Party” PP 101248 1951 “Day of Judgement” JP3751 “Our Programme Relatlons with the Diaspora” JP107 51 “Our Programmc Foreign PohcMs” JP 11751 “What about Your Daughter?” JP12751 “P Bernstein Demes MAPAI’s Alfc.gahon” JP 12751 “Our Programme Home Polrcy” JP,12751 “Our Programme GmstWtron” JP 13751 “Our Programmc Party Pohtlcs & Publrc Morale” JP 15751 “You are but a Number on a RatIon Book” JP 15751 “We are aff amateurs” JP16751 “Are Queues Really Inewtable?” JP167 51 “Mr Ben-Gurlon’s Reluctant Adm]ssion” JP177 51 “1Had Sworn Never to Enter HaKrrlya” JP187 51 “The Economic Pohce Knock at the Door” JP19751 “TOthe Progresswe Party& Its Members “ JP207 51 “ElectIon Target& Dlctatorshlp “ JP 27.751 1955 “Not Even m Sowct Russia” JP 23.655 “12 Against 4“ JP 14.755 “Our Programme for the Next 4 Years” JP227 55 “Don’tWaste Your Vote” JP257 55 1959 “Secondary School Teachers’ Demands are Just” JP308 59 JP189 59 “A Change of Reglmc - How~” 1 “5720 - A Year of Self Help” JP 2.10.59 “It Isn’t Merely a Krresset You are Choosing .“ JP2310 59 “what Promises has MAPAI kept?” JP 28.1059 “The True Face of the Progrcsswes” JP2910 59 1961 See72411

72425 Ometz (CouraEe]

1984 Electron platform YA207 84 110

D. Religious Parties

72530 NRP National Religious Party

1949 ‘Religious People Who Want a Modern State’ PP 24.1.49 1951 ‘Omen Mizrahi Women’ JP 13.7.51 ‘Hapoel HaMizrahi’ JP 19.7.51 ‘Quotation from the Economic Platform’ JP 27.5.51 ‘Do You Agree...’ (5 daily adverts.) JP 18.7.51 to 29.7.51 1955 Achievements of the National Religious Party JP 1.7.55 Achievements of the National Religious Party JP 5.7.55 ‘For Its Achievement Vote ‘B’ JP 7.7.55 ‘%e National Religious Bloc was not Formed JP 21.7.55 for the Election’ ‘Having Respect for Religion’ JP 22.7.55 ‘How Shall We Educate Our Children?’ JP 22.7.55 ‘To the Women of Israe~ JP 24.7.55 ‘To Every Religious Jew’ JP 26.7.55 ‘AGreat Opportunity’ JP 26.7.55 1959 ‘Haifa Subway will not Operate on Sabbath’ JP 4.9.59 ‘Who Will Protect Religious Values?’ JP 11.9.59 ‘Betar-Hapoel 0:2’ JP 25.9.59 ‘Towards a Turning Point in the ,New Year’ JP 2.10.59 ‘Our answer to the MAPAI Chief JP 9.10.59 ‘Haim Moshe Shapiro’ JP 30.10.59 ‘Today Only - Tomorrow is Too Late’ JP 3.11.59 1961 ‘What We WifJ Fight For in the Fifth Knesset’ JP 4.8.61 ‘Letter to the Voter’ JP 11.8.61 ‘We Call Upon You to Vote’ JP 14.8.61 1965 ‘To Voters Who Cherish the Values of JP 31.10.65 Traditional Judaism’ ‘What the Nationrd Religious Party Will Try to Achieve’ JP 1.11.65 1969 ‘The Nation Pins its Hope on You’ JP 27.10.69 ‘NRP Calls for More Settlement’ JP 15.9.69 1973 Speech by Social Welfare Minister Hazari and Z pp.181-83 Rabbinical Statement on Foreign Policy ‘Dear Voters’ JP 28.12.73 1977 ‘Dear Friend’ JP 15.4.77 ‘You and I Have Met...’l955 1981 ‘Dear Citizen’ JP 29.6.81 ‘Kol * 3 Ha’aretz (no date) ‘Mafdal: Yeish rak achat’ Ma’ariv 29.5.81 ‘Kol kol leTehiya, kol neto lePeres Ma’anv 28.6.81 1984 Election platform YA 20.7.84 1988 Election 1988 JPS 31.10.88 111

72531 Agudah Israel (Association of Israel~

1959 “Agudab MK Tells “ JP 211059 JP2761 1961 “Poalel Agudafr Israel ElectIon Platform” . 1965 “ElectIon Marnfesto” L 1969 Document mlssmg 1973 “The Fighters “ JP249 73 “Don’tLet Them Lead You Astray” JP712 73 JP 111273 “From Wfuch Doctrure Are We to Free Ourselves?” .7 “The Bibhcrd Rehglous Front” 1977 “How wdl the Jews Surwve?” ?P174 77 “If Your Heart Aches” “On May 17 You Go to the Polls” JP224 77 “And Suddenly You See a Spark of Light “ JP294 77 “Gwe Your Vote to the Guardians of Our Her]tage” JP6577 1981 “The Party that has kept Its promises.” - JP256 81 1984 Election platform YA207 84

72532 TAMI (Movement for Israel’s Tradition]

1981 ,,T~Ill Ma’anv 286.81 1984 Infonnatlon mlssmg

72533 SHAS (Sephardi Torah Guardians~

1984 Elechon platform YA207 84

72534 Morasha (Herftag~

1984 Elechon platform YA207 84 112

E. Conservative Patiles

72610 Free Centre

1969 “Vote Free Centre” JP 26.10.65

72611 State List

1969 “Ben-Gurion’s State List Presents Names and Programmed” JP 19.9.69

72612 Tehiya (Renaissance Movement)

1981 “YOUcan...” JP 19.6.81 “Your Vote for Tehiya” JP 25.6.81 1984 Election platform YA 20.7.84 1988 Election 1988 JPS 31.10.88

72613 Tsomet (Crossroads/

1988 Election 1988 JPS 31.10.88

72614 Degel Hatorah (Torah Flag)

1988 Platform YL

72615 Moledet (Homeland)

1988 Moledet Movement Platform YL 113

72620 Herut (Freedom Party)

1949 ‘Hlstonc Fronhers and CIVICFreedom’ PP 10149 1973 ‘Tenuat HaHcrut Brings to Israel’ PP 21149 1951 ‘Tenaut HaHenrt’ JP297 51 1955 ‘Economic Pohcy’ JP8755 ‘What They Promised, What They Did’ JP 15.755 ‘IfYou Vote for Herut ‘ 1959 ‘ItMTime for a Change’ 1961 ‘YouKnow I-hm’ ‘Cltlzens of Israel’

72621 GAHAL (Herut and Liberal)

1965 ‘AConstitution for Israel’ JP208 65 ‘Change of Admunstratlon’ JP278 65 ‘Work and Workers’ JP8965 ‘Basic Economic Pohcy’ 1P149 65 ‘Housing for Young Couples’ JP 16965 ‘Nat]onal Health Insurance’ JP 20.965 ‘Pnnclples of Foreign Polrcy’ JP2010 65 ‘Leglslatwe Progrsmme’ JP 21.1065 ‘Ar Pollutlon, Noise and NOXIOUSOdours’ JP2210 65 ‘Le&slatlon & Ombudsman for Israel’ JP 251065 ‘How to Reduce and Reform Income Tax’ JP2810 65 1969 ‘GAHAL’sRecord JPM2410 69 ‘Any Plans to Re-dwlde the State of Israel’ JP1010 69

72622 Llkud (Herut and Llberal~

1973 ‘Foreign Pohcy and Defencc’ Z pp.178-80 ‘Today You wdl Determme Your and JP 31.12.73 Your Countrv’s Future’ ‘DoYou Agr~e?’ JP 281273 ‘To All Cltrzens of Israel’ JP2612 73 1977 ‘The LIKUD Government Its Platforms for JP 13.577 Change and Uadershlp’ 1981 ‘Rosh Hamemshafah, M Begin al’azrachl Israe~ Ma’anv286 ‘Food for Thought’ JPM196 81 1984 Elecnon platform YA207 84 1988 Electron 1988 JPS 311088

72623 Shlomzion (Peace for Zion~

1977 “General Sharon Renewing The Lease on Sunday Times The Promised Land” 28277 114

KEY

PP = Palestine Post YA = Yediot Aharanot “Election Speciai: What the Parties say,” 20.7.1984 JP - Jerusalem Post JPM ~ Jerusalem Post Magazine JPS = Jerusalem Post Supplement: A. “Election 1988”, October 31, 1988; B. “Guide to the June 23, 1992 Knesset Election,” 19 June 1992 NO = New Outlook YL = Yehuda Lukacs “Israeli - Palestinian ConflicL A Documentary Record’, CVP 1992, S. 271-289 z= Zohar, D.N., Political Parties in Israel, Appendix

Note: Ha’aretz and Ma’ariv are Hebrew-language papers 115

2.19.a Northern Irish Parties Coded

M/RI Party Electlons2 NOS3 CMP4 ftrst-last LP Labour Party 1945-1969 7 52320 UP Umomst Party 1945-1973 8 52620 NP Natlonahst Party 1945-1969 6 52710 Total number of documents 21

1 Cod= u gwen m ‘llmma.! Mache/Richard Rem, The Inlernmonal Almanac of ElccIoral Hutory, Houndmdls, Bumgsloke, Ham dure, t.mndon 1991 ● 2 Eleclmus fa whlc! dc-cumenh am co&d 3 Number of coded documenu 4 Comparauw Mamfestm Project CMICfor ptixs 116

2.19.b Northern Irish Documents Covered

NIR:Lab NIR: Uni NIR:Nat our part mist Pa ionalist Row 52320.00 52620.00 52710.00 Total DATE ------4506.00 1 1 1 3 ------4902.00 1 1 1 3 ------5310.00 1 1 2 ------5803.00 1 1 1 3 ------6303.00 1 1 1 3 ------6511.00 1 1 1 3 ------6902.00 1 1 113 7307.00 1 ------column 10 13 10 ‘ 21 117

52320 LP Northern Ireland Labour Party

1945 document mlssrng ,1949 Labour’s Message to the Electors Orlgural 1953 ‘What Ulster Labour would do’ and BN1710 53 Marufesto of the NILP, October 1953 Ongmsf ‘‘1958 Northern Ireland Labour Party Mamfesto Ongmal 1962 Ulster Labour and the Slxtles Ongural ‘1965 ElectIon Msmfesto 1965 NILP Ongmaf 1969 ‘Labour hsts dlspantles wrth Bntam’ IT152 69 1973 document mlssmg

52620 UP Unionist Party

1945 ‘Plrmfor Prosperous Ulster’ and BN305 45 ‘AMessage to the People of Ulster’ NW305 45 1949 ‘AMessage from the Prime Mmlster to the People of Northern Ireland’~~;~;J~ 1953 ‘MsunIssue of the Election’ 1958 ‘Ulster can reply to bullets by votes’ BN282 58 ‘Keep Ulster Bnhsh says Mamfesto’ NW282 58 1962 ‘Prosperity only t Constltudon msmtamed’ and BN125 62 ‘The Fundamental of Ulster’s Prosperity’ NW125 62 1965 ‘Umorust Mamfesto outhrscs 18 Points’ BT161165 1969 ‘Electlon marks Crossroads for Northern Ireland’ IT152 69 1973 Peace, Order and Good Government Orlgmrd

52710 NP Nationalist Party

1945 ‘Pubhc NotIce’ and ‘Elechon Address to the Electors Falls Dwrslon’ ;: ~~64~5 1949 ‘40tl-Patrdon Msmfcsto on Outstanding Issue m Irish Polrt@ 1953 document mw.mg 1958 ‘Umonrsts Cmsprracy to keep Mmonty m Subjection’ IN133 58 1962 ‘Natlorrahst Party state Pohcy’ NW17562 1965 ‘Cooler Electrons m North haded by McAteer’ 11201165 1969’15 Point Natlorrahst Mamfc.sto’ fN20269 1973 document mmmg

BN = Belfast Newsletter BT = Belfast Telegraph H = Irish Independent IN = Irish News IT = Irmh Times NW = Northern Whlg 118

2.20.a Sri Lankan Parties Coded

MIRIParty Elections2 NOS3 CM# first-last SLFP Freedom Party 1952-1977 6 73310

UNP United Nationaf Party 1947-1977 7 73330 Total number of documents 13

1 Codes as given in ‘flmnms Macki#Richard Rose, T& Intermtioml Almanac of Electoral Hk:orK Hmmdtnil!s, Basings(oke, Hampshire, London 1991 2 Elections forwhich documenlsarecodcd 3 Numbcrof coded documents 4 Comparative Mxnif.stos Project code fmpm[ies 119

2.20.b Sri Lankan Parties Covered

SRI : SLF SRI: UNP P Freedo United Row 73310 00 73330.00 Total DATE ------4700.00 1 1 ------, ,p-- --- 5200.00 1 2 ------5604.00 1 1 2 ------6007.00 1 1 2 ------, ,-- --- 6503.00 1 2 ------7005.00 1 1 2 ------7707.00 1 1 2 ------column 6 7 13 120

73310 SLFP Sri Lanka Freedom Party

1947 document missing 1952 Manifesto Weerawardana 1952 1956 Manifesto Weerawardana 1956 1960 Manifesto CDN 1965 Manifesto CDN 1970 Manifesto CDN 1977 Manifesto CDN

73330 UNP United National Party

1947 Manifesto Onginaf 1952 Manifesto Weerawardana 1952 1956 Manifesto Weerawardrma 1956 1960 Manifesto CDN 1965 Manifesto CDN 1970 Manifesto CDN 1977 Manifesto CDN

~

CDN Ceylon Daily News Weerawardana 1952 ~ I.D.S. Weerawardana, ‘TtreGeneraf Elections in Ceylon 1952’,speciaf supplement, Ceylon Historical Journal, H, 1-2 (1952) Weerawarckma 1956 . I.D.S. Weerawardan~ Ceylon Generaf Election 1956, (Colombo, 1960) 121

3. Variables Covered

The dataset CMPK3covers two krnds of varrables

1. Identification Variables

- for countnes variable Country - for parties variable Party - for elechons variable Date (year/month of the electlon), variable Year (year of the elechon), and varrable Synyear (synthetical year)

The variable Synyear allows for systemahc comparison of the programmatic profdes of parhes WIIIKarmurdly recorded socml, economic or pohhcal data of the respechve countnes. For creating a ‘synthetical year’ the election programmed were ssslgned to the actrraf year of the elechon if the respective elechon was before July Ist, or wce versa to the next year, lf the respcctwe clectlon was after July 1st 1

2. Content Analytic Variables

A first version of the clssstflcahon scheme was developed by David ‘Robertson in 19762 for a comparison of modes of compchtlon between Bnhsh and Amencrur parttcs Since then the classtlcahon scheme haa been extended and revised to flt additional countnes r 56 common categories have been coded for most of the documents. However, some documents have been coded according to earher verslorra of the clsssu%atron scheme. Categories 415 ‘Msmst Analysis’ and 416 ‘Antr-Growth Economy’ have not been coded for clechon programmed up to 1973 for Northern Ireland; up to 1977 for Sn Lanka, up to 1979 for Austria, up to 1980 for Austraha, Japan and the United Statea (1948-1980); up to 1981 for Belgnrm, Ireland, The Netherlands and New Zealand, up to 1983 for Italy and Bntarn, up to 1984 for Denmark, Luxembourg and Israel, up to 1988 for Csnad& France and Sweden, and up to 1989 for Norway Category 405 ‘Corporatism’ has not been coded for Austria, New Zealand, and Sweden

perlOl ‘Foreign Specmf Relatlonshlps posmve’ per102 ‘Foreign Speclsf Relahonshlps negatwc’ per103 ‘hh-[mpenahsm’ per104 ‘Mlhtary posltwe’ pcr105 ‘Mdltary negatwe’

1 see%CUOII5on data Iuhnss 2 Dawd Roberlwn, A Tkory of Puty (?omp.!mon, London lohn Wdey & Sons 1976 122

per106 ‘Peace’ per107 ‘Internationalism: positive’ per108 ‘European Community: positive’ per109 ‘Internationalism: negative’ perl10 ‘European Qmmunity: negative’ per201 ‘Freedom and Human Rights’ per202 ‘Democracy’ per203 ‘Constitutionalism: positive’ per204 ‘&mstitutionalism: negative’ per301 ‘Decentralization’ per302 ‘Centralization’ per303 ‘Governmental and Administrative Efficiency’ per304 ‘Political Corruption’ per305 ‘Political Auth&ity’ per401 ‘Free Enterprise’ per402 ‘Incentives’ per403 ‘Market Regulation’ per404 ‘Economic Planning’ per405 ‘Corporatism’ per406 ‘Protectionism: positive’ per407 ‘Protectionism: negative’ per408 ‘Economic Goals’ per409 ‘Keynesian Demand Management’ per410 ‘Productivity’ per411 ‘Technology and frrfrastructure’ per412 ‘Controlled Economy’ per413 ‘Nationalization’ per414 ‘Economic Orthodoxy’ per415 ‘Marxist Anafysis’ per416 ‘Anti-Growth Economy’ per501 ‘Environmental Protection’ per502 ‘Culture’ per503 ‘Social Justice’ per504 ‘Welfire State Expansion’ per505 ‘Welfare State Limitation’ per506 ‘Education Expansion’ per507 ‘Education Limitation’ per601 ‘Nationaf Way of Life: positive’ per602 ‘National Way of Life: negative’ per603 ‘Traditional Morafity: positive’ per604 ‘Traditional Ii40rafity: negative’ per605 ‘Law and Order’ per606 ‘Social Harmony’ per607 ‘Multiculturafism: positive’ per608 ‘Multiculturalism: negative’ per701 ‘f.abour Groups: positive’ per702 ‘f-abour Groups: negative’ per703 ‘Agriculture’ per704 ‘Middle Class and Professional Groups’ per705 ‘Minority Groups’ rrer706 ‘Non-Economic Demoerarrhic Grorms’ ~ncoded (percentage of uncode~ (@si-) sentences totaf absolute number of coded (quasi-) sentences 123

Descrlptton of Variables

DOMAIN 1: External Relations

101 Foreign Special Relationships: Positive

Favorable menhons of particular countnes with which the mamfesto country has a speclaf ‘ relationship For example, m the Bntlsh case. former colomes, ur the German case. East Germany, m the Swedish case the rest of Scanduravla, the need for cooperation wnthador ald to such countnes

102 Foreign Special Relationships: Negative

Negatwe menhons of parhculw countnes with wluch the mamfesto country has a special relahonshlp, othervnae as 101, but negatwe

103 Anti-Imperialism

Negatwe references to exerting strong influence @ohtIcal, mrktary or eommercml) over other states, negatwe references to controlling other countnes as If they were part of an empire, favorable mermons of decolonrzatlon, favorable references to greater selLgovernment and independence for colorues, negatwe references to the Impemd behawour of the mamfesto and/or other countnes.

104 MIfitary: Positive

Need to mamtam or increase mrhtary expenditure, modermzmg armed forces and mrprovement in mrhtary strength; rearmament and self-defence, need to keep mihtary treaty obhgahons, need to secure adequate manpower m the mlhtary

105 Military: Negative

Favorable menhoos of decreaamg mlhtary expenditures, disarmament,.’’evds of war”, promises to reduce conacnpuon, otherwme as 104, but negatwe

106 Peace

Peace as a general goal, declsrat~ons of behef m peace and peaceful means of aolvmg crises, deslrabdlty of countnes Jommg m negotiations vath hostde muntnes

107 Internationalism: Positive

Need for intematlonsJ cooperation, cooperation with speclhc countnes other than those coded m 101, need for aid to developing countnes, need for world planmng of resources, need for mternatlonal courts, support for any mternatlonaf goal or world state, support for UN 124

108 European Community: Positive

Favorable mentions of European Community in generaf; desirability of expanding the European Community and/or of increasing its competence; desirability of the manifesto country joining (or remaining a member).

109 Internationalism: Negative

Favorable mentions of national independence and sovereignty as opposed to internationalism; otherwise as 107, but negative.

110 European Community: Negative

Hostile mentions of the European Community; opposition to specific European policies which are preferred by European authorities; otherwise as 108, but negative. 125

DOMAIN 2: Freedom and Democracy

201 Freedom and Human Rfghts

Favourablc mentions of Importance of personal freedom and cmf rights, freedom from bureaucratic control, freedom of speech, freedom from coercion m the Pohtlcaf and economic spheres, mdwldualr.sm m the mamfesto country and m other countnes

202 Democracy

Favorable mentions of democracy as a method or goal m natlorral and other organmtlons, involvement of all cltrzens m decision-makirrg, as welf as generalized support for the msrufesto country’s democracy

203 Constitutionalism: Positive

Support for speclftc aspects of the constttutlon~ use of constltutionahsm as an argument for pohcy as well as general approval of the constitutional way of doing things

204 Constitutionalism: Negative

Opposmon to the constitution m general or to spectilc aspects, otherwrse as 203, but negatwe 126

DOMAIN 3: Political System

301 Decentralization

Support for federalism or devolutiorr; more regional autonomy for policy or econorn~; support for keeping up local and regional customs and symbol? favorable mentions of special consideration for local area$ deference to heal expertise.

302 Centralization

Opposition to political decision-making a}lower political levels; support for more centralization in political and administrate procedures; otherwise as 301, but negative.

303 Governmental and Administrative Eftlciency

Need for efficiency and economy in government and administration; cutting down civil service; improving governmental procedures general appeal to make the process of government and administration cheaper and more effective.

304 Political Corruption

Need to eliminate corruption, and associated abuse, in political and public life.

305 Political Authority

Favorable mentions of strong government, including government stability; manifesto party’s competence to govern and/or other party’s lack of such competence. 127

DOW 4. Economy

401 Free Enterprise

Favorable menhons of free enterpnse capltahsrn, superiority of mdwldurd enterpnse over state and control systems, favorable mentions of private property rights, personal enterpnse and mltlatrve, need for unhampered mdwldual enterprises

402 Incentives

Need for wage and tax pohcles to reduce enterpnse, encouragement to start enterpnses, need for fmsnclal and other mcentwes

403 Market Regulation

Need for regufahons desgrred to make private enterprises work better, achona against monopohes and trusts, and m defence of consumer and small business, encouraging economic competltlon, socml market economy

404 Economic Planning

Favorable menhons of Iong-standmg economic planning of a consultative or mdlcahve nature, need for government to create such a plan

405 Corporatism

Favorable mermons of the need for the mllaboratlon of employers and trade umon orgamzatrons m overall economic planning and direction through the medmm of trlpart]te bodies of govemmen~ employers, and trade umons

406 Protectionism: Positive

Favorable menhons of extension or mruntenance of tariffs to protect mtemaf markets, other domestic economic protectlomsm such as quota restrictions

407 Protectionism: Negative

Support for the concept of free trade, otherwise as 406, but negatsve.

408 Economic Goals

Statements of intent to pursue any ecxmomlc goals not covered by other categories m domam 4

Note Thrs category Mcreated to catch an overall interest of psrtles m economics and, therefore, covers a variety of emnomlc goals 128

409 Keynesian Demand Management

Demand-oriented economic policy; economic policy devoted to the reduction of depressions and/or to increase private demand through increasing pubLicdemand and/or through increasing social expenditures.

410 Productivity

Need to encourage or facilitate greater production; need to take measures to aid this; appeal for greater production and importance of productivity to the economy; the paradigm of growth:

411 Technology and Infrastructure

Importance of modernization of industry and methods of transport and communication; importance of science and technological developments in industry; need for training and research.

Note: This does not imply education in general (see category 506).

412 Controlled Economy

General need for direct government control of economy; control over prices, wages, rents, etc.

413 Nationalization

Government ownership, partiaf or complete, including government ownership of land.

414 Economic Orthodoxy

Need for traditional economic orthodoxy, e.g. reduction of budget deficits, retrenchment in crisis, thrift and savings; support for traditional economic institutions such as stock market and banking system; support for strong currency.

415 Marxist Analysis

Positive references (typicafly but not necessary by communist pnrties) to the specific use of Marxist-Leninist terminology and anafysis of situations which are otherwise uncodable.

416 Anti-Growth Economy

Favorable mentions of anti-growth politics and steady state economy; ecologism; “Green politics”. 129

DOMAIN 5: Welfare and Quality of Life

501 Environmental Protection

Prescrvatron of countryside, forests, etc, general preservahon of naturrd resources against selfrsh interests, proper use of national parks, sod banks, etc, environmental unprovement

502 Culture

Need to prowde cultural and Ielsure facdmea inchrdurg arts and sport, need to spend money on museums, art galleries etc., need to encourage worthwhde Ielsure actwihes and cultural mass media

503 Social Justice

‘ Concept of cquahty; need for fau treatment of all people; specmf protechon for undcrpnvdegcd, need for farr dlstr]butlon of resources, removal of class brrrners, end of dlscrrmmatlon such as racml or sexual dlscnmmatlon, ctc

504 Welfare State Expansion

Favorable mentions of need to mrroducc, mamtam or expand any socd service or soclrd security scheme; support for Social sermces such as health serwce or aoclal housing Note Thrs category excludes education.

505 Welfare State Limitation

Llmltmg expcndlturc on social serwces or social security, otherwme as 504, but rregatwc

506 Education Expansion

Need to expand and/or improve cducatronal prowslon at all levels. Note” This excludes techmcsl trarmng which is coded under 411

507 Education Llmitatlon

Limltrng expenditure on educahon; otherwsc as 506, but negahve. 130

DOMAIN 6: Fabric of Society

601 National Way of Life: Positive

Appeals to patriotism and/or nationalism; suspension of some freedoms in order to protect the state against subversion; support for established national ideas.

602 National Way of Life: Negative

Against patriotism and/or nationalism; opposition to the existing national state; otherwise as 601, but negative.

603 Traditional Morality: Positive

Favorable mentions of traditional moral values; prohibition, censorship and suppression of immorality and unseemly behaviour; maintenance and stability of family; religion.

604 Traditional Morality: Negative

Opposition to traditional moral vafues; support for divorce, abortion etc.; otherwise as 603, but negative.

605 Law and Order

Enforcement of all laws; actions against crime; support and resources for police; tougher attitudes in courts.

606 Social Harmony

Appeal for national effort and solidarity; need for society to see itself as united; appeal for public spiritedness; decrying anti-social attitudes in times of crisis; support for the public interest.

607 Multiculturalism: Positive

Cultural diversity, communalism, culturaf plurality and pillarization; preservation of autonomy of religious, linguistic heritages within the country including special educational provisions.

608 Mrdtfculturatism: Negative

Enforcement or encouragement of culturaf integration; otherwise as 607, but negative. 131

DOMAIN 7 Social Groups

701 LaborsrGroups: Positive

Favorable references to labour groups, worfung class, unemployed, support for trade umons, good treatment of manual and other employees

702 Labour Groups: Negative

Abuse of power of trade umons, otherwise as 701, but negatwe

703 Agriculture and Farmers

Support for agriculture and farmers, any pohcy armed specficalfy at benetitmg these.

704 Middle Class and professional Groups

Favorable references to middle class, professional groups, such as physicians or lawyers, old and new middle class

705 Underprivileged Minority Grmups

Favorable references to underprwrlegcd mmorlhes who are defined neither m economic nor m demographic terms, e g the handicapped, homosexuals, unmlgrarrts, etc.

706 Non-economic Demographic Groups

Favorable mentions of, or need for, a.wstance to women, old people, young people, hngulsuc groups, etc, special interest groups of all kinds

I 4. Data Listing

The following listing provides an overview of the variables Country, Party, Date, Year, Synyear, the percentage of uncoded (quasi-) sentences and the total number of sentences for the 1393 cases in the dataset CMPR3. The cases have been checked with respect to their internal coherence. The sum of all 56 content analytic variables (perlOl to per706), plus the percentage of uncoded (quasi-) sentences (variable Uncoded) should amount to 100 percent. Deviations of +/- 1 percent are due to rounding errors. The column Sum gives these sums for all cases. The numbers of uncoded (quasi-) sentences are missing for Sweden (1944-1982) and Norway (1945-1989). Therefore, the sums (perlOl to per706 plus Uncoded) do not add up to 100 percent. The total numbers of coded (quasi-) sentences for Norway 1989 are missing as well. 133

uA’1’EUNLUUEU TOTAL SUM

11.00 11110.00 198809.0 32.40 71.00 100.00 11.00 11220.00 194809.0 .00 50.00 ,84.00 11.00 11220.00 195209.0 .00 91.00 92.40 11.00 11220.00 195609.0 .00 119.00 88.80 11.00 11220.00 195806.0 .00 429.00 91.90 11.00 11220.00 196009.0 .00 84.00 66.60 11.00 11220.00 196409.0 .00 61.00 ,51.70 11.00 11220.00 196809.0 .00 206.00 70.40 11.00 11220.00 197009.0 .00 78.00 <78.10 11.00 11220.00 197309.0 .00 123.00 86.10 11.00 11220.00 197609.0 .00 185.00 85.10 11.00 11220.00 197909.0 .00 243.00 92.60 11.00 11220.00 198209.0 .00 207.00 85.30 11.00 11220.00 198509.0 27.50 236.00 99.70 11.00 11220.00 198809.0 23.60 229.00 100.30 11.00 11320.00 194809.0 .00 120.00 :90.70 11.00 11320.00 195209.0 .00 120.00 81.50 11.00 11320.00 195609.0 .00 163.00 (91.20 11.00 11320.00 195806.0 .00 600.00 67.50 11.00 11320.00 196009.0 .00 389.00 ,77.io 11.00 11320.00 196409.0 .00 1255.00 ,56:00 11.00 11320.00 196809.0 .00 56.00 78.80 11.00 11320.00 197009.0 .00 197.00 ,92.,90 11.00 11320.00 197309.0 .00 41.00 66.70 11.00 11320.00 197609.0 .00 70.00 ,83.,00 11.00 11320.00 197909.0 .00 151.00 (85.60 11.00 11320.00 198209.0 .00 124.00 80.40 11.00 11320.00 198509.0 29.60 81.00 ,99.90 11.00 11320.00 198809.0 14.30 63.00 100.10 11.00 11420.00 194809.0 .00 87.00 79.30 11.00 11420.00 195209.0 .00 106.00 89.10 11.00 11420.00 195609.0 .00 146.00 92.80 11.00 11420.00 195806.0 .00 51.00 92.50 11.00 11420.00 196009.0 .00 46.00 87.30 11.00 11420.00 196409.0 .00 336.00 80.90 11.00 11420.00 196809.0 .00 97.00 81.30 11.00 11420.00 197009.0 .00 123.00 88.40 11.00 11420.00 197309.0 .00 149.00 88.30 11.00 11420.00 197609.0 .00 143.00 94.50 11.00 11420.00 197909.0 .00 462.00 89.10 11.00 11420.00 198209.0 .00 123.00 91.80 11.00 11420.00 198509.0 18.90 201.00 100.10 11.00 11420.00 198809.0 16.10 299.00 100.10 134

, ,..,. nr. -.. COUNTRY PARTY DATE ULVLUUI!.U TOTAL SUM

11.00 11620.00 194809.0 .00 34.00 100.00 11.00 11620.00 195209.0 .00 122.00 61.30 11.00 11620.00 195609.0 .00 118.00 87.20 11.00 11620.00 195806.0 .00 130.00 76.90 11.00 11620.00 196009.0 .00 354.00 53.70 11.00 11620.00 196409.0 .00 53.00 60.40 11.00 11620.00 196809.0 .00 244.00 52.80 11.00 11620.00 197009.0 .00 47.00 93.70 11.00 11620.00 197309.0 .00 76.00 97.00 11.00 11620.00 197609.0 .00 103.00 92.40 11.00 11620.00 197909.0 .00 127.00 92.20 11.00 11620.00 198209.0 .00 140.00 91.80 11.00 11620.00 198509.0 1.00 104.00 100.10 11.00 11620.00 198809.0 24.60 183.00 99.70 11.00 11810.00 194809.0 .00 140.00 93.90 11.00 11810.00 195209.0 .00 64.00 93.00 11.00 11810.00 195609.0 .00 110.00 93.10 11.00 11810.00 195806.0 .00 126.00 92.30 11.00 11810.00 196009.0 .00 151.00 93.60 11.00 11810.00 196409.0 11.91 235.00 100.00 11.00 11810.00 196809.0 .00 645.00 95.30 11.00 11810.00 197009.0 .00 96.00 98.00 11.00 11810.00 197309.0 .00 167.00 98.50 11.00 11810.00 197609.0 .00 296.00 97.20 11.00 11810.00 197909.0 .00 280.00 98.10 11.00 11810.00 198209.0 .00 339.00 96.00 11.00 11810.00 198509.0 6.00 168.00 97.60 11.00 11810.00 198809.0 10.40 96.00 99.80 135

CVUNTRY Pl+n’r r UNLUUl!iU .Iutw SUM

12.00 12220.00 194510.0 .00 156.00 87.10 12.00 12220.00 194910.0 .00 164.00 82.20 12.00 12220.00 195310.0 .00 331.00 57.10 12.00 12220.00 195710.0 .00 106.00 94.90 12.00 12221.00 196109.0 .00 317.00 89.10 12.00 12221.00 196509.0 .00 383.00 99.10 12.00 12221.00 196909.0 .00 330.00 91.70 12.00 12221.00 197309.0 .00 164.00 86.90 12.00 12221.00 197709.0 .00 1040.00 97.30 12.00 12221.00 198109.0 .00 1058.00 98.00 12.00 12221.00 198509.0 .00 1658.00 97.30 12.00 12320.00 194510.0 .00 501.00 99.20 12.00 12320.00 194910.0 .00 361.00 89.00 12.00 12320.00 195310.0 .00 607.00 99.60 12.00 12320.00 195710.0 .00 360.00 98.50 12.00 12320.00 196109.0 .00 470.00 98.50 12.00 12320.00 196509.0 .00 610.00 97.90 12.00 12320.00 196909.0 .00 772.00 98.20 12.00 12320.00 197309.0 .00 003.00 99.00 12.00 12320.00 197709.0 .00 884.00 98.10 12.00 12320.00 198109.0 .00 084.00 98.90 12.00 12320.00 198509.0 .00 991.00 99.00 12.00 12410.00 197309.0 .00 1016.00 98.80 12.00 12420.00 194510.0 .00 153.00 88.20 12.00 12420.00 194910.0 .00 108.00 88.10 12.00 12420.00 195310.0 .00 190.00 99.80 12.00 12420.00 195710.0 .00 188.00 99.80 12.00 12420.00 196109.0 .00 297.00 95.60 12.00 12420.00 196509.0 .00 377.00 99.80 12.00 12420.00 196909.0 .00 835.00 98.60 12.00 12420.00 197309.0 .00 660.00 98.00 12.00 12420.00 197709.0 .00 852.00 98.90 12.00 12420.00 198109.0 .00 1354.00 98.70 12.00 12420.00 198509.0 .00 1092.00 98.90 136

COUNTRY PARTY DATE UNCODED TOTAL SUM

12.00 12520.00 194510.0 .00 47.00 100.00 12.00 12520.00 194910.0 .00 129.00 100.10 12.00 12520.00 195310.0 .00 163.00 89.20 12.00 12520.00 195710.0 .00 211.00 89.30 12.00 12520.00 196109.0 .00 281.00 89.80 12.00 12520.00 196509.0 .00 425.00 97.90 12.00 12520.00 196909.0 .00 496.00 97.50 12.00 12520.00 197309.0 .00 830.00 99.60 12.00 12520.00 197709.0 .00 824.00 99.50 12.00 12520.00 198109.0 .00 759.00 99.40 12.00 12520.00 198509.0 .00 849.00 100.10 12.00 12620.00 194510.0 .00 183.00 97.70 12.00 12620.00 194910.0 .00 168.00 90.50 12.00 12620.00 195310.0 .00 228.00 89,90 12.00 12620.00 195710.0 .00 807.00 97.50 12.00 12620.00 196109.0 .00 719.00 99.70 12.00 12620.00 196509.0 .00 912.00 98.10 12.00 12620.00 196909.0 .00 668.00 98.90 12.00 12620.00 197309.0 .00 773.00 99.40 12.00 12620.00 197709.0 .00 1238.00 99.00 12.00 12620.00 198109.0 .00 1740.00 99.90 12.00 12620.00 198509.0 .00 2104.00 98.50 12.00 12810.00 194510.0 .00 94.00 99.10 12.00 12810.00 194910.0 .00 162.00 89.70 12.00 12810.00 195310.0 .00 209.00 80.50 12.00 12810.00 195710.0 .00 172.00 90.00 12.00 12810.00 196109.0 .00 274.00 100.30 12.00 12810.00 196509.0 .00 445.00 99.30 12.00 12810.00 196909.0 .00 541.00 98.40 12.00 12810.00 197309.0 .00 906.00 99.90 12.00 12810.00 197709.0 .00 1126.00 99.80 12.00 12810.00 198109.0 .00 1224.00 99.10 12.00 12810.00 198509.0 .00 1106.00 99.30 12.00 12951.00 197309.0 .00 47.00 99.90 12.00 12951.00 197709.0 .00 1203.00 97.90 12.00 12951.00 198109.0 .00 891.00 98.40 12.00 12951.00 198509.0 .00 856.00 98.40 137

COUNTRY PARTY DATE UNCODED TOTAL SUM

13.00 13210.00 196801.0 12.60 87.00 100.40 13.00 13210.00 197109.0 87.90 91.00 100.00 13.00 13210.00 197312.0 89.30 225.00 99.80 13.00 13210.00 197501.0 50.80 59.00 100.10 13.00 13210.00 197702.0 53.30 90.00 99.70 13.00 13210.00 197910.0 30.80 52.00 100.00 13.00 13210.00 198112.0 38.90 95.00 99.90 13.00 13210.00 198401.0 33.80 287.00 100.00 13.00 13220.00 194510.0 26.60 128.00 100.20 13.00 13220.00 194710.0 26.30 57.00 100.70 13.00 13220.00 195009.0 21.40 56.00 100.30 13.00 13220.00 195304.0 38.60 57.00 100.40 13.00 13220.00 195309.0 42.37 59.00 100.00 13.00 13220.00 195705.0 25.70 105.00 100.30 13.00 13220.00 196011.0 22.80 123.00 100.10 13.00 13220.00 196409.0 38.70 75.00 100.20 13.00 13220.00 196611.0 34.40 32.00 99.90 13.00 13220.00 196801.0 36.40 22.00 100.20 13.00 13220.00 197109.0 32.60 129.00 100.00 13.00 13220.00 197312.0 45.30 86.00 100.10 13.00 13220.00 197501.0 49.30 69.00 100.60 13.00 13220.00 197702.0 57.10 56.00 100.30 13.00 13220.00 19791,0.0 35.90 39.00 100.20 13.00 13220.00 198112.0 31.10 45.00 99.70 13.00 13220.00 198401.0 25.23 107.00 100.00 13.00 13221.00 198709.0 5.83 103.00 100.00 13.00 13230.00 196011.0 17.30 75.00 100.10 13.00 13230.00 196409.0 36.50 156.00 100.10 13.00 13230.00 196611.0 38.80 103.00 100.00 13.00 13230.00 196801.0 51.20 217.00 99.50 13.00 13230.00 197109.0 26.40 250.00 100.90 13.00 13230.00 197312.0 60.90 87.00 100.10 13.00 13230.00 197501.0 24.70 93.00 100.40 13.00 13230.00 197702.0 31.70 145.00 100.10 13.00 13230.00 197910.0 17.70 180.00 100.00 13.00 13230.00 198112.0 22.50 329.00 99.80 13.00 13230.00 19840i.O 6.50 354.00 100.00 13.00 13230.00 198709.0 34.52 197.00 100.00 13.00 13230.00 198805.0 12.82 351.00 100.00 COUNTRY PARTY DATE UNCODED TOTAL SUM

13.00 13320.00 194510.0 37.50 48.00 100.30 13.00 13320.00 194710.0 44.60 139.00 100.10 13.00 13320.00 195009.0 52.30 65.00 99.60 13.00 13320.00 195304.0 46.60 163.00 99.40 13.00 13320.00 195309.0 44.70 103.00 100.20 13.00 13320.00 195705.0 32.30 158.00 100.00 13.00 13320.00 196011.0 9.70 155.00 99.20 13.00 13320.00 196409.0 12.40 185.00 100.00 13.00 13320.00 196611.0 64.30 305.00 100.00 13.00 13320.00 196801.0 59.00 61.00 99.70 13.00 13320.00 197109.0 26.20 42.00 100.10 13.00 13320.00 197312.0 65.20 66.00 99.90 13.00 13320.00 197501.0 39.10 115.00 100.40 13.00 13320.00 197702.0 44.70 47.00 99.90 13.00 13320.00 197910.0 6.80 132.00 100.20 13.00 13320.00 198112.0 41.50 106.00 99.80 13.00 13320.00 198401.0 20.71 169.00 100.00 13.00 13320.00 198709.0 3.23 124.00 100.00 13.00 13320.00 198805.0 17.65 153.00 100.00 13.00 13330.00 197312.0 42.40 184.00 100.00 13.00 13330.00 197501.0 44.00 50.00 100.00 13.00 13330.00 197702.0 60.90 87.00 100.00 13.00 13330.00 197910.0 33.90 59.00 100.20 13.00 13330.00 198112.0 36.90 57.00 100.20 13.00 13330.00 198401.0 34.97 163.00 100.00 13.00 13330.00 198709.0 41.18 102.00 100.00 13.00 13330.00 198805.0 28.85 104.00 100.00 13.00 13410.00 194510.0 25.00 64.00 100.30 13.00 13410.00 194710.0 20.50 78.00 100.30 13.00 13410.00 195009.0 57.10 21.00 100.20 13.00 13410.00 195304.0 25.60 39.00 100.20 13.00 13410.00 195309.0 8.50 71.00 99.70 13.00 13410.00 195705.0 18.50 54.00 99.80 13.00 13410.00 196011.0 11.90 67.00 100.20 13.00 13410.00 196409.0 23.00 91.00 100.00 13.00 13410.00 196611.0 42.30 52.00 99.70 13.00 13410.00 196801.0 39.70 63.00 100.40 13.00 13410.00 197109.0 48.70 37.00 100.00 13.00 13410.00 197312.0 50.00 50.00 100.00 13.00 13410.00 197501.0 45.50 22.00 100.30 13.00 13410.00 197702.0 57.40 47.00 99.80 13.00 13410.00 197910.0 17.40 35.00 100.40 13.00 13410.00 198112.0 24.30 181.00 99.80 13.00 13410.00 198401.0 29.60 321.00 100.00 13.00 13410.00 198709.0 16.67 60.00 100.00 13.00 13410.00 198805.0 26.09 184.00 100.00 139

COUNTRY PARTY DATE UNCODED TOTAL SUM

13.00 13420.00 194510.0 41.00 61.00 99.80 13.00 13420.00 194710.0 81.30 123.00 99.80 13.00 13420.00 195009.0 45.00 40.00 100.00 13.00 13420.00 195304.0 82.40 34.00 99.80 13.00 13420.00 195309.0 40.40 47.00 99.80 13.00 13420.00 195705.0 44.10 68.00 99.90 13.00 13420.00 196011.0 19.30 57.00 100.30 13.00 13420.00 196409.0 44.40 45.00 99.70 13.00 13420.00 196611.0 41.80 55.00 99.60 13.00 13420.00 196801.0 48.40 128.00 100.00 13.00 13420.00 197109.0 ,32.40 71.00 99.00 13.00 13420.00 197312.0 25.80 66.00 100.00 13.00 13420.00 197501.0 25.40 67.00 100.30 13.00 13420.00 197702.0 29.60 98.00 99.80 13.00 13420.00 197910.0 11.40 44.00 100.80 13.00 13420.00 198112.0 20.50 78.00 100.80 13.00 13420.00 198401.0 27.47 659.00 100.00 13.00 13420.00 198709.0 10.21 284.00 100.00 13.00 13420.00 198805.0 17.50 40.00 100.00 13.00 13421.00 195309.0 25.00 24.00 100.00 13.00 13421.00 195705.0 78.72 141.00 100.00 13.00 13421.00 196011.0 34.52 84.00 100.00 13.00 13421.00 196409.0 17.19 64.00 100.00 13.00 13421.00 196611.0 27.03 111.00 100.00 13.00 13421.00 196801.0 40.79 76.00 100.00 13.00 13422.00 196611.0 16.76 185.00 100.00 13.00 13422.00 196801.0 34.88 86.00 100.00 13.00 13520.00 197109.0 62.80 51.00 100.30 13.00 13520.00 197312.0 12.20 41.00 100.00 13.00 13520.00 197501.0 , 12.50 32.00 100.00 13.00 13520.00 197702.0 18.40 38.00 99.80 13.00 13520.00 197910.0 21.40 98.00 99.90 13.00 13520.00 198112.0 19.30 466.00 99.70 13.00 13520.00 198401.0 18.53 286.00 100.00 13.00 13520.00 198709.0 17.70 226.00 100.00 13.00 13520.00 198805.0 30.25 119.00 100.00 140

COUNTRY PARTY DATE UNCODED TOTAL SUM

13.00 13620.00 194510.0 78.20 133,00 100.60 13.00 13620.00 194710.0 34.60 26.00 99.90 13.00 13620.00 195009.0 28.60 42.00 100.20 13.00 13620.00 195304.0 82.90 111.00 100.00 13.00 13620.00 195309.0 12.10 66.00 100.10 13.00 13620.00 195705.0 33.30 36,00 100.30 13.00 13620.00 196011.0 21.90 128.00 100.10 13.00 13620.00 196409.0 12.20 82.00 99.90 13.00 13620.00 196611.0 53.60 28.00 100.00 13.00 13620.00 196801.0 25.50 94.00 100.00 13.00 13620.00 197109.0 12.30 105.00 100.30 13.00 13620.00 197312.0 35.50 31.00 99.90 13.00 13620.00 197501.0 31.90 72.00 100.30 13.00 13620.00 197702.0 42.40 59.00 100.20 13.00 13620.00 197910.0 22.70 75,00 100.00 13.00 13620.00 198112.0 13.20 91.00 100.10 13.00 13620.00 198401.0 22.45 49.00 100.00 13.00 13620.00 198709.0 12.36 178.00 100.00 13.00 13620.00 198805.0 20.00 25,00 100.00 13.00 13951.00 197312.0 40.70 81.00 99.60 13.00 13951.00 197501.0 24.20 244.00 99.80 13.00 13951.00 197702.0 65.40 205.00 100.20 13.00 13951.00 197910.0 21.60 37.00 99.90 13.00 13951.00 198112.0 29.30 41.00 99.80 13.00 13951.00 198401.0 21.79 179.00 100.00 13.00 13951.00 198709.0 44.25 174.00 100.00 13.00 13951.00 198805.0 33.33 75,00 100.00 13.00 13952.00 194510.0 52.90 87.00 100.00 13.00 13952.00 194710.0 56.00 134,00 100.20 13.00 13952.00 195009.0 68.00 156.00 99.90 13.00 13952.00 195304.0 45.60 169.00 100.30 13.00 13952.00 195309.0 17.90 56.00 100.20 13.00 13952.00 195705.0 61.90 63,00 100.10 13.00 13952.00 196011.0 8.30 48.00 100.10 13.00 13952.00 196409.0 8.70 23.00 100.40 13.00 13952.00 196611.0 27.14 70.00 100.00 13.00 13952.00 196801.0 26.00 77.00 100.10 13.00 13952.00 197109.0 43.30 30.00 99.90 13.00 13952.00 197312.0 31.00 58.00 99.70 13.00 13952.00 197501.0 47.60 42.00 100.00 13.00 13952.00 197702.0 44.40 54.00 99.50 13.00 13952.00 197910.0 8.40 143.00 100.20 13.00 13952.00 198112.0 25.70 35.00 100.20 13.00 13952.00 198401.0 22.92 48.00 100.00 13.00 13953.00 194510.0 19.12 136.00 100.00 141

COUNTRY PARTY JJAI’K UNLUIJ&U SUM

21.00 21320.00 194602.0 41.20 119.00 99.90 21.00 21320.00 194906.0 1.10 527.00 100.40 21.00 21320.00 195006.0 8.10 74.00 99.60 21.00 21320.00 195404.0 5.00 100.00 100.00 21.00 21320.00 195806.0 .00 313.00 100.00 21.00 21320.00 196103.0 .00 128.00 100.00 21.00 21320.00 196505.0 .00 504.00 100.00 21.00 21320.00 196803.0 .00 199.00 100.00 21.00 21320.00 197111.0 .00 304.00 100.00 21.00 21320.00 197403.0 .00 210.00 100.00 21.00 21320.00 197704.0 .00 932.00 100.00 21.00 21321.00 197704.0 .00 200.00 100,.00 21.00 21321.00 197812.0 9.68 723.00 100.00 21.00 21321.00 198111.0 5.20 1404.00 100,.00 21.00 21321.00 198510.0 2.21 1989.00 100.00 21.00 21321.00 198712.0 5.00 700.00 100.00 21.00 21322.00 197812.0 .00 781.00 100.00 21.00, 21322.00 198111.0 .00 1878.00 100,.00 21.00 21322.00 198510.0 4.33 785.00 100.00 21.00 21322.00 198712.0 4.09 563.00 100.00 21.00 21323.00 197704.0 .00 217.00 100.00 21.00 21324.00 197704.0 3.2I3 61.00 100.00 21.00 21420.00 194602.0 1.90 52.00 99.70 21.00 21420.00 194906.0 9.10 66.00 100.00 21.00 21420.00 195006.0 24.10 87.00 100.00 21.00 21420 .00 195404 .0 11.40 245.00 99.60 21.00 21420 .00 195806 .0 .52 382.00 100.00 21.00 21420 .00 196103 .0 5.06 79.00 100.00 21.00 21420 .00 196505 .0 4.53 662.00 100.00 21.00 21420 .00 196803 .0 3.17 473.00 100.00 21.00 21420 .00 197111 .0 .00 484.00 100.00 21.00 21421 .00 197403 .0 11.57 216.00 100.00 21.00 21421 .00 197704 .0 7.52 479.00 100.00 21.00 21421.00 197812 .0 1.09 275.00 100.00 21.00 21421.00 198111 .0 29.80 198.00 100.00 21.00 21421.00 198510 .0 6.28 716.00 100.00 21.00 21421.00 198712 .0 2.31 130.00 100.00 21.00 21422.00 197403 .0 .62 161.00 100.00 21.00 21422.00 197704 .0 2.02 347.00 100.00 21.00 21422.00 197812 .0 .43 699.00 100.00 21.00 21422.00 198111 .0 ; 12.31 455.00 100.00 21.00 21422.00 198510 .0 11.63 1161.00 100.00 21.00 21422.00 1987i2 .0 9’.62 1362.00 ‘1OO.OO 21.00 21424.00 197111 ,.0 1.25 320.00 100.00 21.00 21424.00 197403 ,. .00 41.00 100.00 21.00 21424.00 197704 ,.; .00 109.00 100.00 21.00 21424.00 197812 .0 .00 54.00 100.00 142

CUUN’lKY kJwr Y U/i’r& SUM

21.00 21520.00 194602.0 11.40 210.00 100.00 21.00 21520.00 194906.0 8.80 363.00 99,60 21.00 21520.00 195006.0 8.20 366.00 100.20 21.00 21520.00 195404.0 5.60 624.00 99.80 21.00 21520.00 195806.0 .00 105.00 100.00 21.00 21520.00 196103.0 42.86 63.00 100.00 21.00 21520.00 196505.0 11.54 130.00 100.00 21.00 21520.00 197111.0 .00 359.00 100.00 21.00 21520.00 197403.0 .00 868.00 100.00 21.00 21520.00 197704.0 .00 626.00 100.00 21.00 21521.00 196803.0 4.21 523.00 100.00 21.00 21521.00 197403.0 6.45 217.00 100,00 21.00 21521.00 197704.0 14.70 517.00 100,00 21.00 21521.00 197812.0 14.17 614.00 100.00 21.00 21521.00 198111.0 5.40 1166.00 100.00 21.00 21521.00 198510.0 9.32 730.00 100.00 21.00 21521.00 198712.0 7.33 709.00 100.00 21.00 21522.00 196803.0 17.79 281.00 100.00 21.00 21522.00 197111.0 4.76 63.00 100.00 21.00 21522.00 197403.0 12.63 95.00 100.00 21.00 21522.00 197704.0 2.86 175.00 100.00 21.00 21522.00 197812.0 .44 686.00 100.00 21.00 21522.00 198111.0 11.81 1194.00 100.00 21.00 21522.00 198510.0 8.48 448.00 100.00 21.00 21522.00 198712.0 16.63 415.00 100.00 21.00 21523.00 197403.0 5.77 104.00 100.00 21.00 21523.00 197704.0 16.28 172.00 100.00 21.00 21524.00 197403.0 28.57 21.00 100.00 21.00 21524.00 197704.0 5.56 54.00 100.00 21.00 21911.00 197111.0 .00 234.00 100.00 21.00 21911.00 197403.0 .00 611.00 100.00 21.00 21911.00 197704.0 .00 210.00 100.00 21.00 21911.00 197812.0 .00 1581.00 100.00 21.00 21911.00 198111.0 .06 1727.00 100.00 21.00 21912.00 196803.0 .92 218.00 100.00 21.00 21912.00 197111.0 .00 586.00 100.00 21.00 21912.00 197403.0 .72 835.00 100.00 21.00 21912.00 197704.0 .00 882.00 100.00 21.00 21912.00 197812.0 .28 709.00 100.00 21.00 21912.00 198111.0 .34 1168.00 100.00 21.00 21912.00 198510.0 14.18 649.00 100.00 21.00 21913.00 196103.0 33.89 478.00 100.00 21.00 21913.00 196505.0 46.09 371.00 100.00 21.00 21913.00 196803.0 36.19 525.00 100.00 21.00 21913.00 197111.0 3.70 541.00 100.00 21.00 21913.00 197403.0 9.37 758.00 100.00 21.00 21913.00 197704.0 12.27 220.00 100.00 21.00 21913.00 197812.0 33.17 205.00 100.00 21.00 21913.00 198111.0 5.97 201.00 100.00 21.00 21913.00 198510.0 8.48 165.00 100.00 21.00 21913.00 198712.0 9.62 208.00 100.00 21.00 21991.00 197812.0 .00 66.00 100.00 21.00 21992.00 197403.0 2.78 72.00 100.00 143

COUNTRY PARTY DATE UNCODED TOTAL SUM

22.00 22310.00 197103.0 10.00 140.00 99.80 22.00 22310.00 197705.0 2.10 1122.00 100.30 22.00 22310.00 198209.0 17.80 213.00 100.10 22.00 22310.00 198605.0 22.80 1344.00 100.20 22.00 22320.00 194605.0 11.10 81.00 100.10 22.00 22320.00 194807.0 7.20 181.00 99.90 22.00 22320.00 195206.0 11.00 137.00 100.00 22.00 22320.00 195606.0 10.10 288.00 99.90 22.00 22320.00 195903.0 20.30 74.00 99.70 22.00 22320.00 196305.0 16.30 179.00 100.40 22.00 22320.00 196702.0 8.80 114.00 100.20 22.00 22320.00 197103.0 4.60 434.00 100.10 22.00 22320.00 197705.0 5.60 963.00 100.10 22.00 22320.00 198105.0 8.60 1493.00 100.30 22.00 22320.00 198209.0 2.40 767.00 100.20 22.00 22320.00 198605.0 4.40 1718.00 100.30 22.00 22330.00 196702.0 6.30 206.00 100.10 22.00 22330.00 197103.0 11.80 1332.00 100.10 . 22.00 22330.00 197705.0 11.40 422.00 99.90 22.00 22330.00 198105.0 10.60 1634.00 100.10 22.00 22330.00 198209.0 6.10 1982.00 100.90 22.00 22330.00 198605.0 5.40 1289.00 100.40 22.00 22420.00 194605.0 6.90 72.00 100.50 22.00 22420.00 194807.0 .00 25.00 100.00 22.00 22420.00 195206.0 .00 52.00 99.50 22.00 22420.00 195606.0 31.60 263.00 99.90 22.00 22420.00 195903.0 24.20 330.00 99.70 22.00 22420.00 196305.0 16.40 506.00 100.10 22.00 22420.00 196702.0 13.80 557.00 100.60 22.00 22420.00 197103.0 6.80 1156.00 100.30 22.00 22420.00 197211.0 13.10 61.00 100.00 22.00 22420.00 197705.0 2.60 961.00 99.80 22.00 22420.00 198105.0 6.00 1308.00 100.30 22.00 22420.00 198209.0 3.20 317.00 100.00 22.00 22420.00 198605.0 4.30 1587.00 100.10 22.00 22521.00 197705.0 10.90 746.00 100.00 22.00 22521.00 198105.0 10.90 2167.00 100.10 22.00 22521.00 198209.0 6.50 2055.00 100.40 22.00 22521.00 198605.0 3.10 2063.00 99.90 22.00 22522.00 194605.0 8.60 151.00 100.50 22.00 22522.00 194807.0 6.60 62.00 99.90 22.00 22522.00 195206.0 5.10 309.00 99.90 22.00 22522.00 195606.0 6.10 504.00 100.40 22.00 22522.00 195903.0 10.40 77.00 100.10 22.00 22522.00 196305.0 5.30 114.00 100.20 22.00 22522.00 196702.0 7.10 155.00 99.70 22.00 22522.00 197103.0 6.50 367.00 99.90 144

COUNTRY PARTY DATE UNCODED TOTAL SUM

22.00 22523.00 194605.0 1.50 67.00 100.50 22.00 22523.00 194807.0 6.80 147.00 100.20 22.00 22523.00 195206.0 6.20 161.00 99.80 22.00 22523.00 195606.0 5.50 199.00 99.50 22.00 22523.00 195903.0 4.90 142.00 99.50 22.00 22523.00 196305.0 7.60 211.00 100.40 22.00 22523.00 196702.0 6.60 393.00 100.20 22.00 22523.00 197103.0 7.10 709.00 99.50 22.00 22524.00 197103.0 5.10 156.00 100.10 22.00 22524.00 197211.0 3.90 354.00 100.40 22.00 22524.00 197705.0 6.10 479.00 99.80 22.00 22525.00 194605.0 17.50 64.00 100.40 22.00 22525.00 194807.0 16.20 68.00 100.20 22.00 22525.00 195606.0 12.50 56.00 100.50 22.00 22525.00 195903.0 18.80 64.00 100.30 22.00 22525.00 196305.0 9.10 44.00 100.20 22.00 22525.00 196702.0 9.60 125.00 100.00 22.00 22525.00 197103.0 7.50 837.00 99.90 22.00 22991.00 197103.0 16.90 349.00 100.50 22.00 22991.00 197211.0 3.90 774.00 100.10 22.00 22992.00 197103.0 4.50 333.00 99.90 22.00 22992.00 197211.0 2.60 229.00 100.40 23.00 23112.00 198406.0 .00 1211.00 100.50 145

COUNTRY PARTY DATE UNCODED TOTAL SUM

23.00 23220.00 194806.0 .00 49.00 100.00 23.00 23220.00 195106.0 17.78 90.00 100.00 23.00 23220.00 195405.0 .00 23.00 100.00 23.00 23220.00 195902.0 1.90 369.00 100.00 23.00 23220.00 196406.0 30.59 85.00 100.00 23.00 23220.00 196812.0 16.59 464.00 100.00 23.00 23220.00 197405.0 1.37 583.00 100.00 23.00 23220.00 197906.0 .00 63.00 100.00 23.00 23220.00 198406.0 .13 741.00 100.00 23.00 23320.00 194510.0 5.61 107.00 100.00 23.00 23320.00 194806.0 .00 54.00 100.00 23.00 23320.00 195106.0 .00 69.00 100.00 23.00 23320.00 195405.0 .00 340.00 100.00 23.00 23320.00 195902.0 3.17 410.00 100.00 23.00 23320.00 196406.0 1.63 674.00 100.00 23.00 23320.00 196812.0 13.78 595.00 100.00 23.00 23320.00 197405.0 .80 624.00 100.00 23.00 23320.00 197906.0 .00 986.00 100.00 23.00 23320.00 198406.0 .41 734.00 100.00 23.00 23420.00 195106.0 19.49 118.00 100,00 23.00 23420.00 195405.0 13.33 30.00 100.00 23.00 23420.00 195902.0 1.00 598.00 100.00 23.00 23420.00 196406.0 8.06 310.00 100.00 23.00 23420.00 196812.0 .00 217.00 100.00 23.00 23420.00 197405.0 2.78 792.00 100.00 23.00 23420.00 197906.0 5.66 937.00 100.00 23.00 23420.00 198406.0 3.35 775.00 100.00 23.00 23520.00 194510.0 4.27 117.00 100.00 23.00 23520.00 194806.0 6.61 227.00 100.00 23.00 23520.00 195106.0 .00 168.00 100.00 23.00 23520.00 195405.0 9.62 104.00 100.00 23.00 ‘23520.00 195902.0 2.71 369.00 100.00 23.00 23520.00 196406.0 2.03 148.00 100.00 23.00 23520.00 196812.0 4.22 166.00 100.00 23.00 23520.00 197405.0 1.33 603.00 100.00 23.00 23520.00 197906.0 3.00 666.00 100.00 23.00 23520.00 198406.0 .10 1001.00 100.00 146

COUNTRY PARTY DATE UNCODED TOTAL SUM

31.00 31220.00 194611.0 4.88 164.00 100.00 31.00 31220.00 195106.0 3.57 308.00 100.00 31.00 31220.00 195601.0 .85 353.00 100.00 31.00 31220.00 195811.0 .00 72.00 100.40 31.00 31220.00 196211.0 .00 149.00 100.00 31.00 31220.00 196703.0 .00 94.00 100.40 31.00 31220.00 196903.0 .00 126.00 100.40 31.00 31220.00 197303.0 .00 242.00 100.00 31.00 31220.00 197803.0 .00 254.00 100.20 31.00 31220.00 198106.0 .00 84.00 100.50 31.00 31220.00 198603.0 .00 119.00 98.90 31.00 31220.00 198806.0 .00 55.00 99.50 31.00 31320.00 194611.0 2.80 464.00 100.00 31.00 31320.00 195106.0 2.89 173.00 100.00 31.00 31320.00 195601.0 2.85 246.00 100.00 31.00 31320.00 195811.0 .00 46.00 99.90 31.00 31320.00 196211.0 .00 113.00 100.10 31.00 31320.00 197303.0 .00 246.00 99.80 31.00 31320.00 197803.0 .00 250.00 100.00 31.00 31320.00 198106.0 .00 132.00 99.80 31.00 31320.00 198603.0 .00 82.00 99.90 31.00 31320.00 198806.0 .00 118.00 99.80 31.00 31421.00 194611.0 14.97 187.00 100.00 31.00 31421.00 195601.0 2.67 75.00 100.00 31.00 31421.00 195811.0 .00 50.00 100.00 31.00 31421.00 196211.0 .00 198.00 99.60 31.00 31521.00 194611.0 26.83 287.00 100.00 31.00 31521.00 195601.0 4.11 146.00 100.00 31.00 31521.00 195811.0 .00 159.00 100.00 31.00 31521.00 196211.0 .00 90.00 99.80 31.00 31522.00 196703.0 .00 42.00 100.10 31.00 31522.00 196803.0 .00 48.00 100.40 31.00 31621.00 195106.0 1.72 116.00 100.00 31.00 31621.00 195811.0 .00 266.00 100.00 31.00 31621.00 196211.0 .00 374.00 99.70 31.00 31621.00 196703.0 .00 65.00 99.90 31.00 31621.00 196803.0 .00 51.00 100.00 31.00 31621.00 197303.0 .00 127.00 100.10 31.00 31621.00 197803.0 .00 146.00 99.70 31.00 31621.00 198603.0 .00 79.00 100.10 31.00 31621.00 198806.0 .00 47.00 100.10 31.00 31622.00 194611.0 10.41 365.00 100.00 31.00 31622.00 195601.0 7.02 242.00 100.00 31.00 31622.00 195811.0 .00 243.00 99.50 31.00 31622.00 196211.0 .00 156.00 99.90 31.00 31623.00 195601.0 10.05 219.00 100.00 31.00 31991.00 197303.0 .00 204.00 100.60 31.00 31992.00 198106.0 .00 112.00 100.70 31.00 31993.00 196703.0 .00 134.00 99.80 31.00 31993.00 196803.0 .00 59.00 100.30 31.00 31994.00 197303.0 .00 111.00 99.90 31.00 31995.00 197803.0 .00 108.00 100.20 147

COUNTRY PARTY DATE UNCODED TOTAL SUM

32.00 32110.00 198706.0 .00 172.00 100.00 32.00 32210.00 198306.0 32.50 440.00 100.00 32.00 32211.00 197606.0 61.04 308.00 100.00 32.00 32211.00 198306.0 26.67 180.00 100.00 32.00 32220.00 194606.0 22.62 84.00 100.00 32.00 32220.00 194804.0 37.14 35.00 100.00 32.00 32220.00 195306.0 20.22 89.00 100.00 32.00 32220.00 195805.0 31.10 373.00 100.00 32.00 32220.00 196304.0 36.60 235.00 100.00 32.00 32220.00 196805.0 31.19 295.00 100.00 32.00 32220.00 197205.0 , 17.66 419.00 100.00 32.00 32220.00 197606.0 16.33 490.00 100.00 32.00 32220.00 197906.0 9.13 876.00 100.00 32.00 32220.00 198306.0 35.95 943.00 100.00 32.00 32220.00 198706.0 2.11 284.00 100.00 32 .00 32310.00 197606.0 25.53 282.00 100.00 32 .00 32320.00 194606.0 24.24 264.00 100.00 32 .00 32320.00 194804.0 34.48 29.00 100.00 32 .00 32320.00 195306.0 54.74 95.00 100.00 32 .00 32320.00 195805.0 22.50 360.00 100>00 32 .00 32320.00 196304.0 7.08 749.00 100.00 32 .00 32320.00 196805.0 59.35 123.00 100.00 32 .00 32320.00 197205.0 27.51 229.00 100.00 32 .00 32320.00 197606.0 10.40 202.00 100.00 32 .00 32320.00 197906.0 15.55 733.00 100.00 32 .00 32320.00 198306.0 10.36 637.00 100.00 32 .00 32320.00 198706.0 .00 283.00 100,00 32 .00 32330.00 194804.0 27.91 516.00 100.00 32 .00 32330.00 195306.0 r, 21.43 56.00 100.00 32 .00 32330.00 195805,.0 36.11 108.00 100.00 32 .00 32330.00 196304.0 22.95 61.00 100.00 32 .00 32330.00 197205.0 37.40 131.00 100.00 32.00 32330.00 197606.0 30.02 433.00 100.00 32.00 32330.00 197906.0 44.84 281.00 100.00 32.00 32330.00 198306.0 36.13 274.00 100.00 32.00 32330.00 198706.0 8.62 290.00 100.00 32.00 32410.00 194606.0 76.98 126.00 100.00 32.00 32410.00 194804.0 34.48 58.00 100.00 32.00 32410.00 195805.0 9.65 114.00 100.00 32.00 32410.00 196304.0 34.35 457.00 100.00 32.00 32410.00 196805.0 30.00 130.00 100.00 32.00 32410.00 197205.0 19.31 202.00 100.00 32.00 32410.00 197606.0 21.86 215.00 100.00 32.00 32410.00 197906.0 42.06 252.00 100.00 32.00 32410.00 198306.0 12.01 508.00 100.00 32.00 32410.00 198706.0 11.86 118.00 100.00 148

COUNTRY PARTY DATE U14CODED TOTAL SUM

32.00 32420.00 194606.0 31.25 32.00 100.00 32.00 32420.00 194804.0 35.00 20.00 100.00 32.00 32420.00 195306.0 52.29 218.00 100.00 32.00 32420.00 195805.0 62.77 94.00 100.00 32.00 32420.00 196304.0 58.65 208.00 100.00 32.00 32420.00 196805.0 10.47 172.00 100.00 32.00 32420.00 197205.0 59.51 205.00 100.00 32.00 32420.00 197606.0 10.21 431.00 100.00 32.00 32420.00 197906.0 39.94 338.00 100.00 32.00 32420.00 198306.0 8.28 338.00 100.00 32.00 32420.00 198706.0 .52 191.00 100.00 32.00 32520.00 194606.0 58.33 48.00 100.00 32.00 32520.00 194804.0 28.57 42.00 100.00 32.00 32520.00 195306.0 15.96 94.00 100.00 32.00 32520.00 195805.0 14.91 114.00 100.00 32.00 32520.00 196304.0 19.87 478.00 100.00 32.00 32520.00 196805.0 29.46 482.00 100.00 32.00 32520.00 197205.0 22.32 224.00 100.00 32.00 32520.00 197606.0 17.55 473.00 100.00 32.00 32520.00 197906.0 38.46 143.00 100.00 32.00 32520.00 198306.0 22.86 420.00 100.00 32.00 32520.00 198706.0 .94 847.00 100.00 32.00 32710.00 194804.0 86.21 58.00 100.00 32.00 32710.00 195306.0 27.67 159.00 100.00 32.00 32710.00 195805.0 48.41 157.00 100.00 32.00 32710.00 196304.0 78.70 324.00 100.00 32.00 32710.00 196805.0 63.36 232.00 100.00 32.00 32710.00 197205.0 59.35 214.00 100.00 32.00 32710.00 197606.0 86.15 130.00 100.00 32.00 32710.00 197906.0 60.47 129.00 100.00 32.00 32710.00 198306.0 24.54 599.00 100.00 32.00 32710.00 198706.0 .00 41.00 100.00 149

COUNTRY PARTY DATE UNCODED TOTAL SUM

41.00 41111.00 198303.0 .00 164.00 99.80 41.00 41111.00 198701.0 .00 492.00 99.30 41.00 41220.00 194908.0 2.30 88.00 99.90 41.00 41320.00 194908.0 6.10 49.00 99.40 41.00 41320.00 195309.0 .00 81.00 99.90 41.00 41320.00 195709.0 5.90 68.00 100.10 41.00 41320.00 196109.0 1.20 172.00 100.10 41.00 41320.00 196509.0 2.10 439.00 100.00 41.00 41320.00 196909.0 .00 115.00 99.90 41.00 41320.00 197211.0 8.30 180.00 100.30 41.00 41320.00 197610.0 .00 202.00 100.10 41.00 41320.00 198010.0 .70 285.00 100.60 41.00 41320.00 198303.0 1.30 237.00 99.60 41.00 41320.00 198701.0 .40 281.00 100.00 41.00 41420.00 194908.0 1.90 107.00 100.00 41.00 41420.00 195309.0 2.20 89.00 99.50 41.00 41420.00 195709.0 4.30 69.00 99.20 41.00 41420.00 196109.0 7.50 107.00 99.60 41.00 41420.00 196509.0 4.20 212.00 100.10 41.00 41420.00 196909.0 4.70 150.00 100.20 41.00 41420.00 197211.0 .00 174.00 100.60 41.00 41420.00 197610.0 6.80 235.00 100.20 41.00 41420.00 198010.0 4.00 645.00 99.90 41.00 41420.00 198303.0 5.10 275.00 99.90 41.00 41420.00 198701.0 7.30 205.00 100.20 41.00 41521.00 194908.0 4.80 147.00 100.00 41.00 41521.00 195309.0 2.50 121.00 100.50 41.00 41521.00 195709.0 .00 52.00 100.20 41.00 41521.00 196109.0 2.30 43.00 100.10 41.00 41521.00 196509.0 .00 125.00 100.00 41.00 41521.00 196909.0 11.00 118.00 99.20 41.00 41521.00 197211.0 5.70 175.00 99.80 41.00 41521.00 197610.0 7.30 179.00 100.30 41.00 41521.00 198010.0 1.50 264.00 100.40 41.00 41521.00 198303.0 7.30 137.00 99.90 41.00 41521.00 198701.0 3.70 273.00 100.30 41.00 41522.00 194908.0 4.30 23.00 99.50 41.00 41522.00 195309.0 3.30 30.00 100.00 41.00 41620.00 194908.0 14.30 35.00 100.20 41.00 41620.00 195309.0 6.00 84.00 100.50 “ 41.00 41620.00 195709.0 2.50 40.00 100.00 41.00 41711.00 194908.0 5.50 73.00 99.60 41.00 41712.00 194908.0 10.00 20.00 100.00 41.00 41911.00 194908.0 9.50 21.00 100.30 41.00 41912.00 194908.0 .00 19.00 100.20 41.00 41951.00 195309.0 .00 15.00 100.10 150

uA’1’n UNLUULU TOTAL SUM

42.00 42110.00 198611.0 .90 436.00 100.20 42.00 42320.00 194910.0 .00 59.00 100.30 42.00 42320.00 195302.0 1.30 78.00 100.00 42.00 42320.00 195605.0 2.00 102.00 100.10 42.00 42320.00 195905.0 .00 100.00 100.00 42.00 42320.00 196211.0 .00 147.00 100.10 42.00 42320.00 196603.0 .00 286.00 99.80 42.00 42320.00 197003.0 22.90 35.00 100.20 42.00 42320.00 197110.0 5.10 196.00 99.80 42.00 42320.00 197510.0 5.80 293.00 100.10 42.00 42320.00 197905.0 .00 541.00 100.10 42.00 42320.00 198304.0 6.50 692.00 100.60 42.00 42320.00 198611.0 7.00 374.00 100.30 42.00 42420.00 194910.0 .00 104.00 100.10 42.00 42420.00 195302.0 .00 78.00 100.10 42.00 42420.00 195605.0 .00 24.00 100.50 42.00 42420.00 195905.0 .60 306.00 100.00 42.00 42420.00 196211.0 .00 57.00 100.20 42.00 42420.00 197003.0 .00 276.00 100.20 42.00 42420.00 197110.0 .00 267.00 100.20 42.00 42420.00 197510.0 .00 109.00 100.10 42.00 42420.00 197905.0 .00 175.00 99.90 42.00 42420.00 198304.0 .00 430.00 99.90 42.00 42420.00 198611.0 .00 174.00 100.20 42.00 42520.00 194910.0 .00 56.00 100.30 42.00 42520.00 195302.0 .00 123.00 99.90 42.00 42520.00 195605.0 6.30 48.00 100.40 42.00 42520.00 195905.0 .00 238.00 100.00 42.00 42520.00 196211.0 .00 143.00 100.10 42.00 42520.00 196603.0 .00 200.00 100.10 42.00 42520.00 197003.0 .00 626.00 100.40 42.00 42520.00 197110.0 2.30 213.00 99.90 42.00 42520.00 197510.0 1.90 316.00 100.10 42.00 42520.00 197905.0 .00 140.00 99.80 42.00 42520.00 198304.0 5.00 182.00 100.80 42.00 42520.00 198611.0 10.00 120.00 99.90 151

COUNTRY PARTY DATE UNCODED TOTAL SUM

51.00 51320.00 194507.0 13.50 567.00 100.20 51.00 51320.00 195002.0 41.80 261.00 100.50 51.00 51320.00 195110.0 25.20 131.00 100.20 51.00 51320.00 195505.0 13.10 175.00 100.00 51.00 51320.00 195910.0 25.50 275.00 100.20 51.00 51320.00 196410.0 43.10 561.00 100.00 51.00 51320.00 196603.0 17.20 488.00 99.30 51.00 51320.00 197006.0 3.60 527.00 100.10 51.00 51320.00 197402.0 13.00 338.00 100.30 51.00 51320.00 197410.0 24.50 514.00 100.10 51.00 51320.00 197905.0 8.90 429.00 100.20 51.00 51320.00 198306.0 10.10 1455.00 99.90 51.00 51320.00 198706.0 3.57 561.00 100.00 51.00 51420.00 194507.0 14.40 250.00 100.00 51.00 51420.00 195002.0 34.50 333.00 99.90 51.00 51420.00 195110.0 2.20 138.00 100.50 ,51.00 51420.00 195505.0 6.10 197.00 100.20 51.00 51420.00 195910.0 19.40 155.00 99.70 51.00 51420.00 196410.0 8.50 233.00 100.00 51.00 51420.00 196603.0 29.40 252.00 100.50 51.00 51420.00 197006.0 2.10 94.00 100.20 51.00 51420.00 197402.0 17.00 998.00 99.80 51.00 51420.00 197410.0 26.60 331.00 99.70 51.00 51420.00 197905.0 4.10 266.00 100.20 51.00 51620.00 194507.0 11.70 326.00 99.50 51.00 51620.00 195002.0 17.30 365.00 99.90 51.00 51620.00 195110.0 53.60 138.00 100.10 51.00 51620.00 195505.0 11.00 789.00 100.10 51.00 51620.00 195910.0 22.80 333.00 100.60 51.00 51620.00 196410.0 18.90 460.00 99.80 51.00 51620.00 196603.0 32.80 448.00 99.80 51.00 51620.00 197006.0 13.50 436.00 100.10 51.00 51620.00 197402.0 13.20 1038.00 99.90 51.00 51620.00 197410.0 18.50 367.00 99.80 51.00 51620.00 197905.0 12.20 409.00 99.80 51.00 51620.00 198306.0 10.20 774.00 99.90 51.00 51620.00 198706.0 3.63 1047.00 100.00 51.00 51991.00 198306.0 14.70 741.00 99.90 51.00 51991.00 198706.0 3.33 960.00 100.00 152

COUNTRY PARTY DATE UNCODED TOTAL SUM

52.00 52320.00 194506.0 17.30 144.00 99.80 52.00 52320.00 194902.0 10.60 113.00 100.00 52.00 52320.00 195310.0 .00 78.00 99.90 52.00 52320.00 195803.0 .00 25.00 100.00 52.00 52320.00 196303.0 9.00 328.00 99.90 52.00 52320.00 196511.0 16.30 83.00 99.60 52.00 52320.00 196902.0 28.60 96.00 99.90 52.00 52620.00 194506.0 4.90 118.00 100.20 52.00 52620.00 194902.0 8.00 13.00 100.00 52.00 52620.00 195310.0 .00 14.00 99.90 52.00 52620.00 195803.0 17.00 42.00 100.00 52.00 52620.00 196303.0 8.50 101.00 99.90 52.00 52620.00 196511.0 4.00 85.00 100.00 52.00 52620.00 196902.0 17.20 110.00 100.00 52.00 52620.00 197307.0 12.00 319.00 100.00 52.00 52710.00 194506.0 17.70 34.00 100.00 52.00 52710.00 194902.0 35.80 45.00 100.00 52.00 52710.00 195803.0 45.40 45.00 99.90 52.00 52710.00 196303.0 4.00 28.00 100.10 52.00 52710.00 196511.0 10.00 20.00 100.00 52.00 52710.00 196902.0 .00 29.00 99.90 153

COUNTRY PARTY DATE UNCODED TOTAL SUM

53.00 53220.00 198211.0 .28 358.00 100.00 53.00 53220.00 198702.0 .14 714.00 100.00 53.00 53320.00 194802.0 3.60 140.00 99.90 53.00 53320.00 195105.0 2.10 95.00 99.70 53.00 53320.00 195404.0 .00 40.00 100.00 53.00 53320.00 195703.0 2.80 72.00 100.10 53.00 53320.00 196110.0 .00 61.00 99.90 53.00 53320.00 196504.0 .70 280.00 100.30 53.00 53320.00 196906.0 4.60 589.00 99.90 53.00 53320.00 198106.0 1.00 105.00 100.60 53.00 53320.00 198202.0 .00 29.00 100.00 53.00 53320.00 198211.0 .53 190.00 100.00 53.00 53320.00 198702.0 .00 291.00 100.00 53.00 53420.00 198702.0 1.08 279.00 100.00 53.00 53520.00 194802.0 4.80 124.00 99.80 53.00 53520.00 195105.0 .00 56.00 99.90 53.00 53520.00 195404.0 .00 36.00 100.20 53.00 53520.00 195703.0 .00 37.00 100.00 53.00 53520.00 196110.0 1.20 174.00 100.20 53.00 53520.00 196504.0 8.70 575.00 100.30 53.00 53520.00 196906.0 5.10 629.00 100.10 53.00 53520.00 198106.0 1.70 121.00 100.40 53.00 53520.00 198202.0 .00 163.00 100.00 53.00 53520.00 198211.0 1.86 161.00 100.00 53.00 53520.00 198702.0 .25 800.00 100.00 53.00 53620.00 194802.0 5.80 121.00 100.20 53.00 53620.00 195105.0 3.80 105.00 100.20 53.00 53620.00 195404.0 27.00 167.00 100.20 53.00 53620.00 195703.0 5.60 89.00 100.00 53.00 53620.00 196110.0 7.10 84.00 100.00 53.00 53620.00 196504.0 12.50 184.00 100.00 53.00 53620.00 196906.0 .00 58.00 99.80 53.00 53620.00 197302.0 19.00 21.00 100.00 53.00 53620.00 197706.0 4.40 482.00 99.80 53.00 53620.00 198106.0 .00 171.00 100.30 53.00 53620.00 198202.0 .00 25.00 100.00 53.00 53620.00 198211.0 7.55 53.00 100.00 53.00 53620.00 198702.0 .31 640.00 100.00 53.00 53991.00 197302.0 9.00 89.00 100.00 53.00 53991.00 197706.0 7.40 325.00 100.00 154

COUNTRY PARTY DATE UNCODED TOTAL SUM

61.00 61320.00 194811.0 11.44 201.00 100.00 61.00 61320.00 195211.0 4.00 373.00 99.80 61.00 61320.00 195611.0 4.20 526.00 100.10 61.00 61320.00 196011.0 .50 748.00 99.90 61.00 61320.00 196411.0 .40 855.00 100.10 61.00 61320.00 196811.0 3.60 754.00 99.50 61.00 61320.00 197211.0 .40 1187.00 100.00 61.00 61320.00 197611.0 .00 853.00 100.10 61.00 61320.00 198011.0 1.20 1974.00 100.20 61.00 61320.00 198411.0 8.20 100.00 100.20 61.00 61320.00 198811.0 2.70 183.00 100.30 61.00 61620.00 194811.0 9.63 135.00 100.00 61.00 61620.00 195211.0 4.60 284.00 100.10 61.00 61620.00 195611.0 1.70 486.00 100.10 61.00 61620.00 196011.0 2.90 476.00 99.30 61.00 61620.00 196411.0 1.90 361.00 100.20 61.00 61620.00 196811.0 .00 498.00 99.60 61.00 61620.00 197211.0 .90 1138.00 100.20 61.00 61620.00 197611.0 1.00 964.00 99.70 61.00 61620.00 198011.0 .30 1598.00 100.20 61.00 61620.00 198411.0 2.60 100.00 100.00 61.00 61620.00 198811.0 3.50 1834.00 100.10 61.00 61622.00 194811.0 3.94 482.00 100.00 61.00 61911.00 194811.0 19.67 61.00 100.00 155

UNCUU.UU TOTAL SUM

62.00 62320.00 194506.0 1.40 432.00 100.20 62.00 62320.00 194906.0 4.20 520.00 100.30 62.00 62320.00 195308.0 3.30 496.00 99.80 62.00 62320.00 195706.0 3.60 371.00 100.20 62.00 62320.00 195803.0 2.90 210.00 100.50 62.00 62320.00 196206.0 3.90 786.00 100.10 62.00 62320.00 196304.0 .00 26.00 99.70 62.00 62320.00 196511.0 3.10 33.00 100.00 62.00 62320.00 196806.0 7.20 242.00 99.70 62.00 62320.00 197210.0 5.60 420.00 100.30 62.00 62320.00 197407 0 7.90 296.00 100.00 62.00 62320.00 197905 0 7.10 440.00 100.30 62.00 62320.00 198002 0 5.20 536.00 100.40 62.00 62320.00 198409 0 .00 91.00 100.10 62.00 62320.00 198811 0 .00 142.00 99.70 62.00 62420.00 194506 0 5.60 75.00 100<00 62.00 62420.00 194906 0 3.90 244.00 99.70 62.00 62420.00 195308 0 6.30 99.00 99.70 62.00 62420.00 195706 0 8.30’ 24.00 99.90 62.00 62420.00 195803.0 12.60’ 511.00 99.60 62.00 62420.00 196206.0 8.90 497.00 99.70 62.00 62420.00 196304.0 14.50 410.00 100.20 62.00 62420.00 196511.0 1.30 471.00 99.60 62.00 62420.00 196806.0 6.40 444.00 100.10 62.00 62420.00 197210.0 18.10 117.00 100.10 62.00 62420.00 197407.0 2.50 121:00 100.10 62.00 62420.00 197905.0 4.70 141.00 100:10 62.00 62420.00 198002.0 3.40 383.00 99.50 62.00 62420.00 198409.0 .00 49.00 99.60 62.00 62420.00 198811.0 .00 91.00 100.10 62.00 62620.00 194506.0 2.70 308.00 100.00 62.00 62620.00 194906.0 4.80 281.00 100.00 62.00 62620.00 195308.0 7.70 78.00’ 99.90 62.00 62620.00 195706.0 3.20 325.00 99.80 62.00 62620.00 195803.0 5.90 ‘34.00 100.00 62.00 62620.00 196206.0 8.70 23.00 100.30 62.00 62620.00 196304.0 4.50 135.00 100.30 62.00 62620.00 196511.0 6.10 175.00 99.80 62.00 62620.00 196806.0 8.50 528.00 99.70 62.00 62620.00 197210.0 5.80 93.00 100.20 62.00 62620.00 197407.0 5.70 159.00 100.00 62.00 62620.00 197905.0 2.50 499.00 99.80 62.00 62620.00 198002.0 2.60 199.00 99.70 62.00 62620.00 198409.0 .00 88.00 99.80 62.00 62620.00 198811.0 .00 71.00 99.50 62.00 62951.00 194506.0 1.10 93.00 99.70 62.00 62951.00 194906.0 2.30 132.00 100.20 62.00 62951.00 195308.0 .00 22.00 100.10 62.00 62951.00 195706.0 12.70 55.00 99.60 62.00 62951.00 195803.0 2.10 97.00 99.90 62.00 62951.00 196206.0 6.30 160.00 100.90 62.00 62951.00 196304.0 4.70 66.00 100.20 62.00 62951.00 196511.0 .80 123.00 100.10 62.00 62951.00 196806.0 5.40 110.00 99.60 156

COUNTRY PARTY DATE UNCUDED TOTAL SUM

63.00 63320.00 194609.0 3.70 277.00 100.10 63.00 63320.00 194912.0 2.90 377.00 100.20 63.00 63320.00 195104.0 1.30 153.00 99.70 63.00 63320.00 195405.0 2.90 306.00 100.00 63.00 63320.00 195512.0 3.10 152.00 99.50 63.00 63320.00 195811.0 3.30 183.00 99.70 63.00 63320.00 196112.0 3.40 58.00 99.90 63.00 63320.00 196311.0 5.00 160.00 100.20 63.00 63320.00 196611.0 2.20 227.00 99.80 63.00 63320.00 196910.0 3.00 430.00 100.00 63.00 63320.00 197212.0 3.90 582.00 99.90 63.00 63320.00 197405.0 .70 269.00 99.90 63.00 63320.00 197512..0 3.70 244.00 99.90 63.00 63320.00 197712.0 2.20 269.00 99.80 63.00 63320.00 198010.0 4.40 253.00 100.00 63.00 63320.00 198303.0 9.70 342.00 100.70 63.00 63320.00 198412.0 6.30 412.00 100.10 63.00 63320.00 198707.0 36.70 199.00 99.70 63.00 63330.00 195512.0 3.80 53.00 100.30 63.00 63330.00 195811.0 21.20 222.00 99.80 63.00 63330.00 196112.0 14.30 49.00 99.80 63.00 63330.00 196311.0 9.80 238.00 99.80 63.00 63330.00 196611.0 5.80 316.00 99.90 63.00 63330.00 196910.0 .00 68.00 100.30 63.00 63330.00 197212.0 .00 103.00 100.20 63.00 63330.00 197405.0 8.70 23.00 100.80 63.00 63330.00 197512.0 7.10 267.00 100.60 63.00 63330.00 197712.0 .00 47.00 100.00 63.00 63620.00 194609.0 3.80 320.00 99.90 63.00 63620.00 194912.0 2.60 405.00 100.60 63.00 63620.00 195104.0 3.10 262.00 100.30 63.00 63620.00 195405.0 2.80 459.00 99.70 63.00 63620.00 195512.0 .40 272.00 100.20 63.00 63620.00 195811.0 2.50 445.00 99.90 63.00 63620.00 196112.0 2.00 150.00 99.80 63.00 63620.00 196311.0 2.50 160.00 99.90 63.00 63620.00 196611.0 1.30 228.00 100.10 63.00 63620.00 196910.0 3.30 240.00 99.90 63.00 63620.00 197212.0 2.70 386.00 99.80 63.00 63620.00 197405.0 2.00 249.00 99.70 63.00 63620.00 197512.0 3.10 226.00 99.60 63.00 63620.00 197712.0 3.60 303.00 99.90 63.00 63620.00 198010.0 5.60 233.00 100.10 63.00 63620.00 198303.0 12.00 183.00 100.40 63.00 63620.00 198412.0 2.40 629.00 100.20 63.00 63620.00 198707.0 15.90 145.00 100.30 157

COUNTRY PARTY DATE UNCODED TOTAL SUM

63.00 63810.00 194609.0 .00 74.00 100.00 63.00 63810.00 194912.0 3.90 108.00 100.00 63.00 63810.00 195104.0 .00 42.00 100.00 63.00 63810.00 195405.0 6.90 73.00 100.10 63.00 63810.00 195811.0 3.70 53.00 99.70 63.00 63810.00 196112.0 2.30 43.00 99.80 63.00 63810.00 196311.0 7.10 42.00 100.00 63.00 63810.00 196611.0 1.40 142.00 99.90 63.00 63810.00 196910.0 .00 74.00 99.80 63.00 63810.00 197212.0 4.30 70.00 100.10 63.00 63810.00 197405.0 6.20 81.00 99.90 63.00 63810.00 197512.0 .00 124.00 99.90 63.00 63810.00 197712.0 2.00 349.00 100.30 63.00 63810.00 198010.0 5.30 188.00 99.80 63.00 63810.00 198303.0 22.00 182.00 100.20 63.00 63810.00 198412.0 14.90 222.00 100.70 63.00 63810.00 198707.0 30.50 246.00 99.80 158

COUNTRY PARTY DATE UNCODED SUM

64.00 64320.00 194611.0 .00 115.00 100.00 64.00 64320.00 194911.0 .00 213.00 100.00 64.00 64320.00 195111.0 .00 127.00 100.00 64.00 64320.00 195411.0 ‘.00 178.00 100.00 64.00 64320.00 195711.0 4.31 255.00 100.00 64.00 64320.00 196011.0 .00 118.00 100.00 64.00 64320.00 196311.0 3.57 617.00 100.00 64.00 64320.00 196611.0 6.45 915.00 100.00 64.00 64320.00 196911.0 2.85 983.00 100.00 64.00 64320.00 197211.0 .28 1073.00 100.00 64.00 64320.00 197511.0 2.61 1112.00 100.00 64.00 64320.00 197811.0 19.94 331.00 100.00 64.00 64320.00 198111.0 26.39 341.00 100.00 64.00 64320.00 198407.0 .00 1461.00 100.00 64.00 64320.00 198708.0 .00 282.00 100.00 64.00 64620.00 194611.0 11.99 734.00 100.00 64.00 64620.00 194911.0 8.47 567.00 100.00 64.00 64620.00 195111.0 .00 208.00 100.00 64.00 64620.00 195411.0 11.03 426.00 100.00 64.00 64620.00 195711.0 13.94 1349.00 100.00 64.00 64620.00 196011.0 2.32 820.00 100.00 64.00 64620.00 196311.0 2.71 921.00 100.00 64.00 64620.00 196611.0 3.86 855.00 100.00 64.00 64620.00 196911.0 5.14 1518.00 100.00 64.00 64620.00 197211.0 4.05 1507.00 100.00 64.00 64620.00 197511.0 7.43 377.00 100.00 64.00 64620.00 197811.0 3.02 1986.00 100.00 64.00 64620.00 1981.11.0 4.98 1244.00 100.00 64.00 64620.00 198407.0 .00 135.00 100.00 64.00 64620.00 198708.0 1.71 879.00 100.00 64.00 64951.00 195411.0 .00 27.00 100.00 64.00 64951.00 195711.0 .00 24.00 100.00 64.00 64951.00 196011.0 .00 64.00 100.00 64.00 64951.00 196311.0 .00 81.00 100.00 64.00 64951.00 196611.0 .00 38.00 100.00 64.00 64951.00 196911.0 .00 71.00 100.00 64.00 64951.00 197211.0 14.44 1004.00 100.00 64.00 64951.00 197511.0 13.99 1494.00 100.00 64.00 64951.00 197811.0 19.22 1639.00 100.00 64.00 64951.00 198111.0 6.15 1399.00 100.00 64.00 64951.00 198708.0 .00 327.00 100.00 159

COUNTRY PARTY DATE UNCODED TOTAL SUM

71.00 71220.00 196011.0 3.20 121.00 100.30 71.00 71220.00 196311.0 .00 107.00 100.30 71.00 71220.00 196701.0 .00 87.00 100.00 71.00 71220.00 196912.0 2.20 103.00 100.20 71.00 71220.00 197212.0 .00 128.00 100.30 71.00 71220.00 197612.0 .00 129.00 100.40 71.00 71220.00 197910.0 .00 110.00 100.20 71.00 71220.00 198006.0 .00 131.00 99.70 71.00 71320.00 196011.0 .00 117.00 99.70 71.00 71320.00 196311.0 1.60 121.00 100.10 71.00 71320.00 196701.0 . QO 87.00 100.00 71.00 71320.00 196912.0 .00 98.00 100.40 71.00 71320.00 197212.0 .00 98.00 100.10 71.00 71320.00 197612.0 .00 79.00 99.90 71.00 71320.00 197910.0 3.20 99.00 99.80 71.00 71320.00 198006.0 .00 111.00 99.80 71.00 71530.00 196701.0 .00 92.00 100.20 71.00 71530.00 196912.0 .00 93.00 99.80 71.00 71530.00 197212.0 .00 112.00 100.10 71.00 71530.00 197612.0 .00 79.00 99.50 71.00 71530.00 197910.0 .00 108.00 100.30 71.00 71530.00 198006.0 .00 118.00 99.90 71.00 71620.00 196011.0 12.20 85.00 99.80 71.00 71620.00 196311.0 .00 103.00 99.50 71.00 71620.00 196701.0 2.40 81.00 ‘99.90 71.00 71620.00 196912.0 .00 105.00 :99.80 71.00 71620.00 197212.0 .00 117.00 99.50 71.00 71620.00 197612.0 .00 78.00 100.30 71.00 71620.00 197910.0 3.00 93.00 99.90 71.00 71620.00 198006.0 .00 115.00 100.00 160

uLvLuunu TOTAL SUM

72.00 72220.00 194901.0 .00 8.00 100.00 72.00 72220.00 195107.0 .00 45.00 100.00 72.00 72220.00 196108.0 .00 16.00 100.00 72.00 72220.00 196511.0 .00 20.00 100.00 72.00 72220.00 196910.0 21.88 64.00 100.00 72.00 72221.00 197312.0 22.81 57.00 100.00 72.00 72221.00 197705.0 13.21 53.00 100.00 72.00 72221.00 198106.0 20.69 29.00 100.00 72.00 72222.00 198407.0 13.04 23.00 100.00 72.00 72222.00 198811.0 .00 34.00 100.00 72.00 72225.00 196511.0 .00 18.00 100.00 72.00 72225.00 197312.0 14.29 35.00 100.00 72.00 72225.00 197705.0 24.44 45.00 100.00 72.00 72225.00 198106.0 15.52 58.00 100.00 72.00 72225.00 198407.0 .00 27.00 100.00 72.00 72225.00 198811.0 .00 40.00 100.00 72.00 72310.00 197312.0 9.76 41.00 100.00 72.00 72310.00 197705.0 7.69 26.00 100.00 72.00 72310.00 198106.0 27.50 40.00 100.00 72.00 72310.00 198407.0 .00 26.00 100.00 72.00 72310.00 198811.0 2.94 34.00 100.00 72.00 72311.00 194901.0 5.04 119.00 100.00 72.00 72311.00 195507.0 21.43 14.00 100.00 72.00 72311.00 195907.0 3.70 27.00 100.00 72.00 72311.00 196108.0 .00 10.00 100.00 72.00 72311.00 196511.0 6.02 83.00 100.00 72.00 72311.00 198811.0 6.25 32.00 100.00 72.00 72320.00 196910.0 20.22 89.00 100.00 72.00 72321.00 197312.0 2.17 138.00 100.00 72.00 72321.00 197705.0 1.37 73.00 100.00 72.00 72321.00 198106.0 9.57 230.00 100.00 72.00 72321.00 198407.0 .00 28.00 100.00 72.00 72322.00 196511.0 7.69 65.00 100.00 72.00 72323.00 196511.0 1.90 211.00 100.00 72.00 72323.00 198811.0 2.78 36.00 100.00 72.00 72324.00 194901.0 14.75 61.00 100.00 72.00 72324.00 195107.0 21.54 650.00 100.00 72.00 72324.00 195507.0 9.55 199.00 100.00 72.00 72324.00 195907.0 2.68 112.00 100.00 72.00 72324.00 196108.0 14.06 64.00 100.00 72.00 72325.00 195907.0 .00 20.00 100.00 72.00 72325.00 196108.0 .00 18.00 100.00 72.00 72410.00 194901.0 14.81 81.00 100.00 72.00 72410.00 195107.0 27.85 79.00 100.00 72.00 72410.00 195507.0 25.45 275.00 100.00 72.00 72410.00 195907.0 1.32 76.00 100.00 72.00 72410.00 196511.0 .00 63.00 100.00 72.00 72410.00 196910.0 20.27 74.00 100.00 72.00 72410.00 197312.0 1.64 61.00 100.00 72.00 72410.00 197705.0 12.66 79.00 100.00 72.00 72410.00 198106.0 26.32 57.00 100.00 161

COUNTRY PARTY DATE UNCXDED TOTAL SUM

72.00 72411 .00 196108 .0 4.76 84.00 100.00 72.00 72412 .00 197705 .0 4.90 102.00 100.00 72.00 72413 .00 198106 .0 65.79 38.00 100.00 72.00 72413 .00 198407 .0 4.17 24.00 100.00 72.00 72413 .00 198811 .0 6.90 29.00 100.00 72.00 72414 .00 198407 .0 .00 17.00 100.00 72.00 72420 .00 194901 .0 21.05 19.00 100.00 72.00 72420 .00 195107 .0 30.34 267.00 100.00 72.00 72420 .00 195507 .0 4.65 86.00 100.00 72.00 72420 .00 195907 .0 2.70 74.00 100.00 72.00 72425.00 198407.0 6.67 15.00 100.00 72.00 72530.00 194901.0 8.00 25.00 100.00 72.00 72530.00 195107.0 10.53 114.00 100.00 72.00 72530.00 195507.0 8.72 149.00 100.00 72.00 72530.00 195907.0 15.91 88.00 100.00 72.00 72530.00 196108.0 10.47 86.00 100.00 72.00 72530.00 196511.0 3.23 62.00 100.00 72.00 72530.00 196910.0 20.00 25.00 100.00 72.00 72530.00 197312.0 8.77 57.00 100.00 72.00 72530.00 197705.0 11.54 26.00 100.00 72.00 72530.00 198106.0 30.88 68.00 100.00 72.00 72530.00 198407.0 .00 25.00 100.00 72.00 72530.00 198811.0 3.85 26.00 100.00 72.00 72531.00 195907.0 .00 17.00 100.00 72.00 72531.00 19610.8.0 .00 16.00 100.00 72.00 72531.00 19651-1.0 4.71 85.00 100.00 72.00 72531.00 197312.0 34.88 43.00 100.00 72.00 72531.00 197705.0 34.69 49.00 100.00 72.00 72531.00 198106.0 7.69 52.00 100.00 72.00 72531.00 198407.0 11.11 27.00 100.00 72.00 72531.00 198811.0 9.09 11.00 100.00 72.00 72532.00 198106.0 2.08 48.00 100.00 72.00 72532.00 198407.0 .00 17.00 100.00 72.00 72533.00 198407.0 4.76 21.00 100.00 72.00 72533.00 198811.0 .00 9.00 100.00 72.00 72534.00 198407.0 6.90 29.00 100.00 72.00 72610.00 196910.0 .00 13.00 100.00 72.00 72611.00 196910.0 .00 18.00 100.00 72.00 72612.00 198106.0 16.13 31.00 100.00 72.00 72612.00 198407.0 3.45 29.00 100.00 72.00 72612.00 198811.0 3.85 26.00 100.00 72.00 72613.00 198811.0 4.55 22.00 100.00 72.00 72614.00 198811.0 .00 8.00 100.00 72.00 72615.00 198811.0 .00 8.00 100.00 72.00 72620.00 194901.0 10.20 49.00 100.00 72.00 72620.00 195107.0 17.65 34.00 100.00 72.00 72620.00 195507.0 10.00 50.00 100.00 72.00 72620.00 195907.0 16.07 56.00 100.00 72.00 72620.00 196108.0 .00 14.00 100.00 72.00 72621.00 196511.0 12.43 169.00 100.00 72.00 72621.00 196910.0 7.14 42.00 100.00 162

COUNTRY PARTY DATE UNCODED TOTAL SUM

72.00 72622.00 197312.0 6.41 78.00 100.00 72.00 72622.00 197705.0 5.00 60.00 100.00 72.00 72622.00 198106.0 37.33 75.00 100.00 72.00 72622.00 198407.0 3.57 28.00 100.00 72.00 72622.00 198811.0 4.17 24.00 100.00 72.00 72623.00 197705.0 5.13 39.00 100.00 163

COUNTRY PARTY DATE UNCODE13 TOTAL SUM

73.00 73310.00 195200.0 1.10 88.00 100.10 73.00 73310.00 195604.0 .00 66.00 100.00 73.00 73310.00 196007.0 29.50 105.00 100.60 73.00 73310.00 196503.0 3.40 116.00 99.80 73.00 73310.00 197005.0 21.90 329.00 99.80 73.00 73310.00 197707.0 9.60 502.00 100.30 73.00 73330.00 194700.0 20.00 120.00 100.10 73.00 73330.00 195200.0 19.30 145.00 100.00 73.00 73330.00 195604.0 4.60 87.00 100.10 73.00 73330.00 196007.0 6.00 83.00 99.70 73.00 73330.00 196503.0 13.00 100.00 100.00 73.00 73330.00 197005.0 17.70 226.00 99.90 73.00 73330.00 197707.0 23.50 357.00 100.10 5. Appendix: Coding Procedtrtw

The obJect of analysmg parry programmc.s M to descrlb-e the programmauc profiles of parties acro~ countrlcs wlthm a common tiamework. Party programmed are taken as an mdlcator of the paruc.s’poilcy emphases and pohcy powtlona. Therefore, the psrty progrsmmes are subpxed to quantnauve content analysm. A cksauflcatlon scheme was dcalgned to allow for the coding of all the emttent of parry programmca for the post World-War-13 permd m muntrlcs with competmvc parry aystema

Selection of Party Prograrstrrtes

Programmatic statements are central features of psrtles In party progrsmmea, the pohtlcai Ideas and goals of parttes are put on record. Although only few voters actually read party programmed, they are spread commonly through the mass meda.

Among the different kinds of programmcs which are Mstred m many countm%s,the baws for thla research are eketton prograrrmws. The advantages of taktrrg elecuon programmed as a source for ldentlfymg poimcsl goala of patmes are mamfold:

1 ElectIon programmed cover a wide range of polmcal poamons and themes and, therefore, can be seen as a ‘set of key central statements of party posltlona’1

2. Elecuon programmed are authorltatwe statements of party pohclea because the ,, ‘ programpres are ratufied m party rmnventlons. 3‘ ‘ ‘ ElectIon ~programmeaare representstwe statements for the whole party, not ytst statements of one faction or polmclan.

4.- ElectIon progrsmmes are pubhshed before every elect]on. Thus, ldeolog]cal movements of parwe.s over ume can be studmd.

Collecting the Documents

Aecordmg to the speaal slgmficartee of eieetlon pmgrammes, the dccumenta to be collected are the platforms of partms which are pubhahcd for the electlon of repnxentatwcs so the nauonal assembly of a rcspectwe country.

The sources of gatherurg platforms may be the partlcs themselves, assoaated rmeareh and trammg mstltutcs or pubhcatlona m newspapers, magazmes, or books.

The collection should cover the whole post World-War-II-period from the first nat~onal elecuort after the Second World War unul the most reeent electlon m the rrapectwe country

In some countnc$ partw.s do not dlstnbute electlon programmers. In thts case, the above gwen description of electlon programmed servca as an ‘Ideal type’ of a document which M to be searched for. ~e only documen~ available may be newspaper summancs of the partd e[ectlon pledges or reports of party spokesmen about the

1 b Bud&, Dad Robermon, Derek Head (e&), fdwlosy, Smafegy and Pany Change Spaaai Analym of Post- War Elecnon Progmnmu m 19DmocracIu, Cambndac CamtmdgeUmwmy PruI 19S7,p M 2

programmed. Irzany case the ideal type of a document which summarizes authoritative statements of the pafiy’s policy positions for electioneering should be achieved u far aa possible.

Selection of Parties

The collection should cover all significant parties which are represented in the national assembly.

Tire definition of significance of parties relates to the coaiition (governmental) or blackmail potential of a party in a given party systemz. ~ali[ion potential is defined aa 1. the actual or former membership in a government or 2. the possibility (feaaibilty) of becoming a government party. Blackmail potential is defined ss the party’s impact on ‘the tactics of party competition particularly when it alters the direction of the competition - by determining a switch from centripeta] to centrfigal competition either Ieftward, rightward, or in both directions . of the governing-oriented parties;~

The-x criteria for selection need consideration whether small partieS, @peClaily new ones like the Green par-ties, affwt paq competition d~pite their small size.

The Codug Procedure

The party programmers are analysed by content analytical methods. ‘Content analysis is a research technique for the objective, systematic, and quantitative description of the marrifwt content of communication’~. me method can be applied to a wide range of different materials and r~earch qu~tio~. me purpose of this section is to describe the specific form of content analysis undertaken here.

The specific kind of internal, quantitative analysis ia derived from the question ss to what ideaa, policies, issues, and conce~ parrim s[resa in their platforms. The methods of coding are designed to be comparable over a wide range of countries irrespective of cultural and socio~onomic differen~. ~erefore, a classification scheme with invariant general categories is USedto cover the total platform content by identifying the atatemema of preferen~ expr~s~ in the pla[forrns. This classification scheme contains 56 different categories. fich of tie 56 categories sums up related issues in a way that chsnge over time can be memur~ across parties and cross- culturally. Thus, the coding procedure compris~ a quantification (how many statements do parties make?) and a classification (what ~nd of statemen~ do parties make?) Of election programmed.

2 Giovanni Sartori, Parties and Pany SyWSIIS. A FrCUWW,W~for AnaIYfi, Qmbridge Cambridge University Press1976, pp. 121-12S. 3 Ibid. p. 123. 4 Bernard Bach, Content ,4MI@s in co_~~&n R~e~ch, New yoc~ ~~er publishing Company 1952. 3

Quantification: The Coding Unit

The coding umt m a gwen platform N the statement, defined as an argument. An argument Mthe verbal expression of one pohtcsl Idea or Issue.

In Its slmplcst form, a sentence M the ba,wc umt of meartmg. Therefore, punctuation may be used as a gtudelme for Identlfymg arguments. The staruttg point of coding N the sentence, but what we are almtng for Man argument.

In tts shortest form, a sentence contains a subJect, a verb and an attribute or an ad]edwe.

Examples: ‘We want freedom ‘ ‘We need strong mdltary forces.’

Obviously, three two sentences ccmram two dlfferettt arguments which are easy to ldentlfy and to dmtmgu]sh. But unfortunately, languages are more complex, and It B a qucstlon of style bow to express the same pohtlcal Ideas. In many cssca, arguments are combmed and related mto one sentence. ,!

Example: ‘Because we want fredom, we ncui strong mdltary forces.’

In this case, the two statements are mmbmed m one sentence, but for our purposes are stall treated as two different arguments. Thus, long sentences can be decomposed mto ‘quasisentences’ If the sense changes wlthm the septcttce. In most csscs, one sentence. which covers two (or more) arguments can be essdy transformed mto two (or more) quasi-sentencca by repeating verbs and/or substantw~.

A ‘quasi-sentettce’ ta a aet of words contammg, one and only one, polmcal Idea. II stops either at the end of an argument or at a full stop (period).

So, for example,

‘We wdl cut taxation so that everyone pays less and the government does not take so much’

n one qttaal-sentenc, however repetitive, because It has only one full stop @ expresses only one idea, I a tax cutt~g

—But. ‘We wdl cut taxation In tins way everyone WII1pay less. Nor wdl the government take ‘ so much.’

are three qussl-sentences, because n has three full stops even f ~he three qussl- sentcnccs comam the same Idea. —~However ‘We will cut tax= and reduce our military forces.’

ace two quasi-sentences, because there are two ideas, i.e. tax cutting and reduction of milita~=xpenditure.

A list of arguments, sometimes marked with hyphens or dots, is treated as if separated with full stops.

‘In international policy we shall take new initiatives. We will: - promote peaw, - ban chemical weapom; - refuse to deploy Cruise missil~ - begin discussions for the removal of nuclear bases; - increase aid to developing countries; - take action to protect the status of refugees.’

Three of these argumenLs (1. ban chemical weapons; 2. refuse to deploy cruise missile~ 3. begin discussions for the removal of nuclear bases) express the same political idea, i.e. disarmamerr~ but different issues in this policy area.

This list of policies maybe given in the following way:

‘In international policy we shall take new initiativea. We will promote peace, ban chemical weapons, refuse to depIoy Cruise missiles, begin diacuasioms for the removal of nuclear bases, increase aid to developing countries, and take action to protect the status of refugee-s:

Because distinct policies are mentiorral for disarmamen~ titrm different qussi- sentcnms are identified in this sentence, i.e. the same number of quasi-sentences is coded as for tire list given above.

The same argument may be very long and may occupy a lot of space, but still be only one quasi-sentence. On the other hand, if different issues - however short - are dealt with in the same sentence they constitute different quasi-sentences even if they aPPiy to the same policy area. Step No 1:

Look at each sentence and identify the number of arguments by transforming it into quasi-sentences.

The best practical way of coding is to xerox the respective platform. Then, L start with reading the first paragraph, and 2. mark the quasi-sentences in the first sentence.

However, some parts of the platform, like statistics, tables of content and section headings are not considered as text to be coded and, therefore, do not count as quasi- sentertces. Introductory remarks by party leaders are equally ignored since the ideal- type of a platform is defined as authoritative statements of parties. 5

AN the other parta of a platform constitute the bs.wsof analyws. The total number of umts of analyms equals the total number of quaw-sentences Identified for the relevant text of a gwen platform.

Claaasfkation: The Standard Coding Frame

In tbls project three types of comparisons are poswble: a) compsnaons of changes m pohcy posmorta or m emphases over tune wlrbm apeafic parttes, b) dtierences m pohcy poamorra or m emphases across partre.s; and, c) differences acrma countrres. The bsslc data sought to support such comparraons are the percentag= of party documents devoted to each category m a set of standardmd Issue areas. Comparison requms standardtzmon. Tins party mamfesto pro]ecL after much experimentation and dwxas]on, developed a coding system, whereby each ‘qussl- sentencd of every party program would be coded mto one, and only one, of 56 standard categonts

After ldent@rg the qussl-sentences m the first sentence the next stage of the coding procedure ISto dectde which of the 56 categorma of the ‘Standard Coding Frame’ a speaflc qusswmtence expresses. The standard corhng frame M gwen m Semen 3. Each category of the standard coding frame ISspeafied by a set of typical Msucsand pohtmsl Ideas.

Before starting the coding rocdure, the coder should read through the standard mdmg flame several time.s. The Eetter the coder can memortze. the categories and their speclfi~tlons, the essler and faster the codtng procedure WIIIbe. For the example above, the category numbers (201) ‘Freedom” and Human R@Ls’, (105) ‘Mdnary: Negatwe’, and (107) ‘Intematlonahsrn: Powtive’ are noted down:

107 - In mtematlonal pohcy we shall take new m]tlatwes. We WII1:; 201 - promote pea% 105 - ban chemical weapcms; 105 - refuse to deploy Crutae m~k.s, 105 - begtn ducusatous for the removal of nuclear bss~, 107 - utcreaae ald to developing countrtea, 201 - take action to protect the status of refugees.

Step No 2:

Read the whole of the first paragraph before you start coding the first sentence because the context may gwe you deflrute hum how to code an ottservhse amb@rous argument. I.nok to see whether one of the 56 categonea defimtely captures the sense of the first identified qusw-sentence and note down the reapectwe number of the category m the margm of the page. Repeat thla procedure for all the qussl-sentences of the first sentence Then proceed with the next sentence by repeatusg step no 1. Categories with Country-Specitic Meanings

In most of the cases, the categories have clear-cut meanings which are applicable to all the countrica. But some categories have country-specific contents or require country-specific definitions.

The categoric (101) and (102) ‘Foreign Special Relations: Positive/Negative’ have country-specific meanings. Here, the coder has to decide in advance with which other country or countries the manifeato country (i.e. the country he or she is coding) has a ‘special foreign relationship’; for example, in the British case former colonies; in the Swedish case: the rest of Scandinavia.

Equally, the category (705) ‘Underprivileged Minorities’ requires a definition of what groups are considered as underprivileged in the manifcato country.

The specific content of these categoric must be spelled out by the investigator as notes appended to the coding protocol.

Codbtg Problems and Diftlcultiea

Not all of the arguments are as clear as the examplca given above. Three diftlcultics may appear in the process of applying step no 2:

1. The statement seems unclear. 2. No category seems to apply. 3. More than one category seem to apply.

1. The statement seems unclear

If one is not sure where an argument is leading one may read the following senterrcca because the first (quasi-) sentence may be a part of an argument which is explicated in the next sentences.

In some cases, crucial dccisiona have to be made with rcapcct to the manifcat or latent sense of statements. No inferences should be made with respect to the meaning of statements. The coder has to code what the statement says, not what he or she thinks it may lead to in the end.

All unclear statements should be marked and reread at the end of coding. Some of the coding problems will be solved with growing experience.

IOother csscs the coder may decide that a given standard category does apply if the sense of the category is changed only marginally. If this is true for several qussi- senterrces the coder is allowed to create a ‘subcategory’, for instance 201-1.

At the beginning of the research most of the country specialists created many subcategories. The country spccialkts thought this to be necessary to cover all the specifics of their respective countries. But experience has shown that most of the subcategories comprised too few cases. Therefore, the tendency to create subcategories should be rcaistcd. If a coder thinks it worthwile, very careful notes should be kept, recording the rationale for the subcategory. Stsp No 3:

If a category has a strong country-speaf]c bms wh]ch ts not parhcularly mcntloned m the defimtlon of the category, the coder has to make a note about that. A subcategory has to be created wh]ch ts Identifiable so that the,subcategory may either be agWegat~ Into the smndard category or may be dropped. But don’t create subcategonea for every single marginally deviant statement. Think twux whether a statement M subsumable under one of tbe standard categonca. Othenvlse thw statement has to be treated as uncodable.

2. No category ssems to apply

The coding frame was created to capture the total platform content. Nonerhelcaa, It may be that no category ISavailable for a pat-ucular problem m a pamctdar country. These quaw-sentencca are treated as uncodable (000)

It M Important to reahze that ‘uncodcd’ dots not nece.ssanly mean that a sentence Mdevotd of mcanmg (although of course It may he), only that n camot be fitted mto the present mdmg tiame.

However, a (quasi-) sentence may be without meanmg but may neverthelcas be part of the dlscuaslon of a problem and have a styhstlc or Imkutg ftsnctlon, for example

‘ The next government wdl do everytbmg m Its power to defend the uitermts of the farmers. To th]s end, we enwsage several measures We wdl mcreai.e payments of all ktnda to farmers, etc., etc., etc.. ..’

Tbae are three quaal-sentence.s. ‘l%e mtddle sentence ttself M devoid of any ~ohcy-content but ta a part of the same argument. Therefore, category (703) Agriculture and Farmers’ Mwdcd tbrw tlmca.

Step No 4:

Some sentences, whtch may orheiwse be uncodable, may pat be cortsmctmg sentences between two arguments (for mstsrrce: llsereforc, we a;~ gom tp do three things.) These comectmg sentencca thenrselv~ do not commuie meattm a 1arguments but are art of an ongoing argument, The general rule here p ,~at sentqx.s should be coded I! at all Poaslble. Therefore, othetks-e unccdable sentencea:may be coded m the same category as the bulk of the paragraph ttiey appear m.

Step No 5: 1,, bok at the uncodable sentences a smnd time after cbdlng the total platform and try to figure out whether some of th~e ststemen~ have an equivalent meanmg. Check related categonca to see whether It IS ~osslble to create a subcategory. In any case, make a note If uncodcd sentences are bl~ti m meanmg, that IS, they have a common tbnlst

/ 8

On the other hand, some of the categories are not much used in some of the countries (for instance (405) ‘Chporatism’), but are vital for comparative reasons. Therefore, some categories may be left empty at the end of the coding procedure.

3. More than one category seem to apply

This is a problem which often occurs with respect to group politics.

Example: ‘We want more social security for workers.’

In this case, category (701) ‘labOur Groups’ or category (504) ‘WeIfare State Expansion’ may apply.

If a statement seems ambiguous the section heading may serve as a guideline for coding.

Step NO6:

Look at the section heading or the context of the quasi-sentence in question. Then, take the category wiich covers the topic of the section or the heading.

According to this rule, that category is coded to what is given in the heading for the sectiorr in which the example appears. If the section heading is called ‘Social Services’ than (504) ‘Welfare State Expansion’ is coded. Thus, section headings are taken as guidelines for coding but should not be coded themselves. If headings are not given, the coder has to decide what the most important concern of the argument is since one, and only one, category has to be chosen for each argument.

Many of these problems may be solved by taking the context of the ambiguous quasi-sentence into account. Thus, it is useful to start coding by reading the whole paragraph.

The coding has to be done in as uniform a way as possible. For comparative reasons, the greatest possible standardization has to be achieved. Therefore, the coder must note down every coding decision he or she made if the procedure is not specifically mentioned in this handbook

After finishing the coding of a platform, a tally is kept on a coding sheet, The coding sheet shows the respective country, party, and election year and gives the total number of qussi-sentences coded into each standard category of the standard coding frame. If subcategories are used they should be separately identified.

The following text with solutions for rhe identification of qussi-sentence.s and categories serves as an example. GREAT BRITAIN, The L&ral/SDP AJJiartce 19S3

‘Working together for Brftatn’ (ExtracLs) The Oeneral ElectIon on June 9th, 1983 wdl be seen as a watershed m Bntrsh pohtl@ 000 may be recalled aa the fateful day when depression became hopelcssn= and the shale of the post-war years accelerated mto the depths of dcclme~tematwely It may be 000 remembered as the turning point when the people of thrs country, at the eleventh hour, decldcd to turn them backs on dogma and blttemcss and chose a new road of partnership 000 and progr~s~ It la to offer real hope of a fr&h start for Bntsm that the Alhance betwen our two 000 parma has been creatd~at we have done M umque m the htstory of Bnt~h parhamentary democrac@lvo parttes, one with a proud history, and one born only two 000 years ago out of a tkustratlon with the old systems of polmcs, have come together to 606 offer an alternate government pledged to bring the country together agaln~

The Conservatwe and Labour parncs between them have made an mdustnal wasteland 305 out of a country wh]ch was once the workshop of the world~anufacturmg output from 410 Bntam IS back to the level of nearly 20 years agoflnemployment IS stall rtsmg and there are now generst]ons of school-leavers who no longer even hope for work~ 408 Thatcher’s government stands Idly by, hoping that the bhnd force.s of the marketplace 305 wdl restore the lobs and factoncs that IISmdtfferencc has dc.atroycdl~e Labour Party’s response IS maaswe further natlonalraat:on, a ccntrahacd state somaltst economy and 305 rlgld controls over enrerpns~The cholcc which Tonca and Scmahsts offer at th]s 305 electlon ISone between neglect and mterfercncc. eulrer of them understands that lt K only by working together m the mmparucs anT mmmunmcs of Bntam that we can 606 overcome the economic problems which beset us=

Meanwhde the very fabric of our common hfe together detenoratciss~e record wave of 606 violence and crime and mcr~cct perapnal s@ss are all sqgM of,a soqety at war wltb 606 itseM@ndowrr cme.s and dechmng rural aerweea ahke tell a story of a warped sense of prtontm by succcsstve govemmenrs~ Thatcher promtsed ‘to bring harmony where 606 there N dlacord’~tead her own example of confrontation has mflamcd the blttern~ 606 so many people feel at what has happened to their own Inw and local mmmunmesr 606 our Alhance wants to call a halt to cofiontatlon pohtlcss beheve we have set an 606 example by worktng together as two separate psrtms wltbm an alharrm of pnnclple~ur 606 whole approach M based on w-operation: not just between, our parks but between management and workers, betw~ri” peaplk ‘of d@erent races and above all between 606 government and papl@ecause we ‘hr~’p~tthe prrqoners of Ideology ,we shall hsten to the pcaple we represent and erra~ ~hat the’ good sense of the voters ts allowed to 202 dlummare the comdora of Wcatmurster and wltnehall~

THE JMMEDL4TE CRISIS: JOBS AND PRICES our economic crlsls demands rough Immediate actlo~t also requlr~ a Oovemment 305 with the courage to Implement those strategic and structural reforms which alone can end the cd war betwe.cn the two s]des of ~ndustry~ 30.5 The Immcdlate pnonty N to reduce unemployment. wlty~ 408 TO the Alhancc unemployment M a icanda~obblng men and women of theu careerx, 408 bllghtmg the prospects for a quarter of all our young pc.opie~wmtlng our natlonaT 701 ?06 10

resourc~~aborting our chancea of industrial recove$dividing our nation and fueiling +10 hopelessness and crime~ 908 606 Much of the present unemployment is a direct result of the civil war in British industry, 408 of restrictive practices and low investmen~ut in addition, Conservative Government +08 policies have caused unem loyment to rise~Ars Alliance Government would cause 408 unemployment to fall. How.& an it be done without releasing a fresh wave of inflation~ 919 We believe it carttWe propose a carefully devised and costed jobs programme aimed at +14 reducing unemployment by 1 million over two yeara~is programme will be so+ supported by immediate measures to help those hardest hit by the slump - the S03 disadvantaged, the pensioners, the poor.~ 407 Ours is a programme of mind, heart and wil~t is a programme that will work~~e Q08 Pro~amme has three points~iscal and Financial Policies for Growth~irect ActIon to 408 provide job@rt Incomes Strategy that will stick~ 410 soy 70 t STRATEGY FOR INDUSTRIAL SUCCESS

The Alliance is alone in recogrtising that Britain’s industrial crisis camot be solved by 406 short-term measures such as import controls or money supply targetaaur crisis goes 606 dee@s roots lie in the class divisions of our societ~h the vested interests of the Tory 606 606 and Labour parties~n the refusal of management and unions to widen democracy in 202 indust~n the way profits and risks are shared~ 606

The policies offered by the iwo class-baaed parties will further divide the nation North v 606 South, Mana ement v Labou@ur greatest need is to build a sense of belonging to one 606 communit e are all in it togetheflt is impossible for one side or the other in Britain 606 to ‘win’. rrflict in industrial relations means that we all lose~ 606 & 606

The AIIiarrce is committed to policies which will invest rcsourcea in the high- 4 II tcchrtology induatrics of the future~We are committed to a major new effort in y 1( education and training~e are pledged to trade union reform to tough anti-monopoly Y03 measures~

Partnership in industry

Britain has made little progress towards industrial democracy, yet several of our 202 European artttera have long traditions of participation and co-operation backed by legislationb ey do not face the obstacles to progress with which our divisive industrial 606 relations present usso be fully effective, proposala for participation in industry need to be buttressed by action on two frontssa major extension of profit sharing and worker 202 share+wnerahip to give people a real stake where they work as well as the ability to 701 participate in decision-takin~and reform of the trade unions to make them genuinely 202 representative irrstitutiona~

Participation at work

We propose enabling legislation that will offer a flexible and sensible approach~ 202 an Industrial Democracy Act to provide for the introduction of empioyee 202 participation at all [email protected] for employee share-ownershi~mployee rights to WI information~and an !lrdustrial Democracy Agency (IDA) to advise on and monitor the 201 introduction of these measures= 202 11

Employee Cmracds covering each place. of work sub]ect to exemption for small 202 umts) for all compames employurg over 1.000 peapie. mailer compamea would also 202 be encouraged to introduce Employee tiuncds.~ h

Government and industry

Pnonty for industry

The role of an Athance government m rclatlon to private industry wdl be to prowde 902 selecuve Ssslstsnce taktng a number of forms~ an urdtrsmal crcdlt scheme, to prowde Iow-tntercat, long-term finance for proJccrs 911 dmectcd at modemtsmg utdustry~ a national mnovatlon pohcy, to pmvtde selcctwe asatstance for h@-~k proJects, 4 II parttctdarly mvolvmg the development of new tcchrrologl~and for research an$ 4!1 development m potential growth mduatrlcs~ 410 pubhc purchssmg pohcwa to st]mulate Imovatlor@ncourage the mtmductlon of $//; cmclaitecbologl~d aldsmallbmln=su~ we WII1cstab tsh a Cabinet Committee chamd by the Prime Mmuster at the centre 402 of dcaslon-takrng on all pohclcs with a bearing on the performance+of md+try~ 303

The AJhance wdl strengthen the Monopohes’ and Mergers’ Commmslo,n to ensure Its ~03 abdny to prevent monopoly and unhealthy concentrations of mdustnal and commercial powefie alm IS to guarantee fau mmpeutlon and to protect the mter~ts of 403 employers, consumers and shareholders~

New and small busmcaa

To enmurage the growth of new and small busmcssea, we wdl attick red tape and 402 prowde further finsnclal and management ssststance by~ extending the Loan Guarantee Scheme, m the fimt matancc rala~g ‘dk rnaxmrum 402 penmtted loan to f150,000@sd the Busmeaa Start-Up Scheme, ratamg the upper hmlt 902 for investment to f75,000~nd mtmducmg Small Fu-m I.nvcstment Comparn= to 402 prowde financial and management help zero-rsttng budding repau-s anF maintenance for VAT purpose....and rcducmg 902 902 commercial ratea by 10 percen~~ maktng sure the Department ‘of Industry coordinates and pubhcwe.s schemes for 902 small busmesstx~and that govethrttent ald ccssca to d~cnmtnate agamat small 402 bWurcascs,J tadorrrtg national Ieglslatlon such as the Health and Safety Regulaflorrs to the ffo2 needs of small busmessea~nd amendmg the statutory sick pay scheme to,exclude small 902 busmcas~~

Agriculture and Flshenes ,,14’” Agriculture IS an unportant industry and employer-To encottt%ge’ us further development we wdl~ urcreaae Government support for effectwe’ agricultural marketmg at home and abroa~nd crntmue support for Food fivm Brltalh~ emure that agriculture h& access hke other ]nduatrres to the mdusmal credit scheme we propose~ encourage greater access to farrnmg, eapcaally by young entrsnrss Tire Alhan& Mdetermmed ,to 4afe@rrl the future of our fishtng industry which needs help to re-budd after years of uncertainty and the dmsnc consequences for the deep-sea flea of 200-mde hmns m the waters they used to f]sh~ 12

Education and training

The third basic condition for industrial success is a people with the skilIs and self- +fl coti]dence that will be needed for the challenges of new technolofie education and 91! training systems are not providing enough people with the skills necessary to make them employable and the country successful in competition with its rivals~e are ‘+11 falling further behind~apan on present plans will be educating all its young peqde to 606 the age of 18 by 1990~ore than 90 per cent of the 16-19 age group in Germany gain 4 II recogniswl technical qualifications~And it is not just a matter of school-leaver?~ur q II managers are less professionally qualified than our main competitors~rom the bottom 411 to top we are underskilled, and this has to be put right if we are to prosper in future~To 411 do this, to raise standards in education and training and to improve their effectiveness is 4/1 the object of proposals set out in the next section.~

CREATING ONE COMMUNITY

A fundamental purpose of the Alliance is to reduce the divisiona which over the last two 606 decades have been fragmenting our society, and restore our sense of being one community~ The gap between rich and poor is as wide today as it was forty years ago when the 503 Beveridge Report was written~e trend towarda two nationa in health, education and 503 the social sewices is accelerating as those who can pay increasingly opt for private provision~o combat these trends will require determined action across a wide front= 503 immediate help for those bearing the burden of unemployment; .x% a determined attack on poverty, aimed at releasing those 10C$“al tn the poverty 504 trap, by raising the living standarda of the hardest-pressed families. action to raise standarda in education and the quality of health care provided by 509 the NHS~nd remove the inadequacies in the state service-s which lie behind the trend to soy private provision= increased investment in horssing,~ 504 giving serious priority to the enwronmenral aspects of actions and policy changes 50 I at the earliest possible stage= This must be backed by firm action to strengthen the rule of law~with support for an 60~ effective police force commanding the cortildettce of the fight against vandalism and 60~ crime~

Imrnediated help for those in need

The burden of the slump is being borne quite disproportionately by those now in long- 5-03 term unemployment and by the poor, especially poor families with childrenre 503 propose to rake the following measures straight away: help for families with children by increasing 5 hdd Benefit by S1.50 per weedG increasing the Child Allowance in Supplementary Benefit by fl.50 per wee s~ increasing the extra child allowance of one-parent families~ help for peosione~e will up-rate the pension hwce a year because the present .50+ system gives rise to serious injustices~e will make sure pensioners can earn money so~ without losing pension: 7-06 help for the disabFed by spending an extra f200 million a year to make a start on .s0+ many reforms which will help disabled people~ese will include the extension of the .!709 invalid care allowanm~and full rights under the noncontributory invalidity pension to Soq married wome$and the abolition of the age limit on the mobility allowance.. SOY 13

finance. The total cost of these proposals N approx]matcly fl,750m~~]s wdl be ~o~ fusancd by. ratsmg the up~r hm]t at which Nauonal Insurance contrr~ut]ons are. paid so+ to S315 per wecl&vcrsmg the recent uscrcsscs m the hglr rate tax barsdaflnd by the fust stage of pha.wng out the married man’s tax allowanc&llerefore this programmc S09 does not require an mcressc m puhhc borrowm~ ~lq

Educatio~ health and houarng

Budding a umted, cwdlzed commumty requmes decent standards m educauon, health so~ and housutg for everyone~e Tones have unposed savage cuts m the social serwccs SOY and an Afhanee Government would mcresse spending to restore and tmprove standarda. $ 303 But lt wdl not be enough lust to spend mone~e soctal serwccs are tm ccntraks , too bureaucratlfi~ey at-c often maeosmve and unaccountable~e wtll a]m to make, 303 the social serwm more democratic, attuned to the needs of the mdwldua~ thta way, 202 also they WI1lbecome more efflclent.~ 303

Education and Trammg

The pnncl al need us education and traumsg IS to release the full potent]al of the 506 mdwldual.3 t IS on the sktlls and energlcs of our people that our sumwal depend~h 506 mcressmgly complex and tecfrmcal scsaety places great demands on the edtscatlonal system~and as falhng school numbers conttnue to release resources’ these must not be S06 wlthdrswrr but revested to create better education opportunmesse neqls of the under- S06 fives have to be met by both education and the social scrvtce.s. e WI]),etytrc that at least one year of prc-school educational cxpertcncc IS avadab Te for all c~ldren under S06 fivc~we wdl act to raise standards to the primary and secretary school m @rce ways: S06 by mvolvmg parents, teachers and local people more m the runn~g of schoo-+ a - 506 these arc the people who really care about standarda~ S06 by ertaurmg that chddrcn study a broader rsngc of subjects than they do now ngbt through to e@ttecn, putting more stress on maths, sctencc and tcchmd suby+a as well s06 as practical slulls to make thcrd better cqulppcd for Itfe m today’s worldst ts espeaally Imponant to ensure that thrsc opportunmes arc equally avadable to grrls ss well as S03 boys~ by Improvmg the m-set-wee trammg of primary tcachcrs and of others with S06 speclahst sktlls eg m maths. We WIIIdevelop a bmadcrf ridge between school and work urciudmg more part-time f+ll schooling, and more work cxpcrrencc and better tcchrm+ Cducatlon for all pupds will underrake a major reorgamzatton of educatton and tramtng for the 16-19s, soF at school Ieavcrs are not faced the dole but can opt for eltber education and trauung or employment or a Combmatlon of the rwo~resent arrangements are di.qomted rttatn IS well behind IIS competltomaresour~ have been devoted to ad ho$. sc? emcs not nccc.ssanly Ieadmg to cmploymcn~and many young people am unable to acqtnrc skrlls and quahficatlon= we propose ‘ a susglc Mrrustry of Educstlon and Trammg kornbmmg the’ youth tramtng 303 fursctlons of the MSC and the resporralbditles of the Eduemon Dcparpnents~ fuil-time vocational courses ‘offerrng suatalned and pmpcrly plartrrned perrods of work cxpenertcc and the replacement of the ttme.served apprenticeship with traumtg to set nauonal stan$ arda~ ‘ greater access to work experlcncc for all 16-19-year@ld student$md a right to furrhcr education and trammg for those of th]s age-group m work. We WII1mcrcsse access to f-hgher and Further Educahon&hall also rcwew the structure of h@cr cducmon to see that peopk. who’ arc keen to work us utdustryare prowdcd wItb the rtght range of SkSIIS at this lCVC@tIS may mean for example students IYpICallY taktrrg a wldcr range of COUKSCS before moving on to a Job or more speaahst 14

education~we will actively support Adult and Continuing Education>itial education 911 alone camot prepare people adequately for life~t must be made easier for them as part 91/ of their normal development to acquire new skills and to re-train as technology advances~e will ensure further public support for the voluntary and statutory sectors 411 of the youth serwice~provement in training facilities provided by the State will be ~ 6 accompanied by fiscal and other incentives to companies to increase their training efforts.~ +11

Health and Social Services

The Alliance is wholly committed to sustaining and strengthening the NHS~e Health so+ Service must be funded to ensure that extra help goes to those most in ned~and that 504 sufficient resource-s are available to meet the needs of our ageing populatlonJThe S04 Alliance is committed to the steady increase in the real level of funding for the health and personal social services required to maintain standards in the face of demographic soy changes such as the increasing numbers of old people.~

In addition, the Alliance will set up a special Fund with f500 million each year to pay for new schemes and ideas submitted by area health authorities, local authorities and 504 other voluntary organisations to help tbe poorest areas and the neediest people~The funding of this scheme will count as part of the Alliance’s immediate employment 50+ programme, and employment as well as other criteria will govern the choice of projects by the fund.JTbe areas of greatest need in the health and social services are also high ~~ unemployment areas, so that such a special fund is an ideal use of available money~ Within the health programme, action will be taken to make better use of the health budget by: increased emphasis on primary careJheaIth education and preventive mcdicine~ %$ emphssising community care, not as a cheap optionT ut because of the improved quality of care this brings; ?0: re-allocating funds 5 etween areas and between users to increase equality of access 503 to services for people in need whatever their means or wherever they happen to lives Particular attention will be given to the traditionally under-funded services such as those 509 for the elderly, the chronically disabled and the mentally handi~pped;~ encouraging local experiments and plans to improve Service.sr Sof+

Housing

Housing standards have fallen under the Tory Goverrrmerr~ and fewer houses have been 504 built.J’Council tenants have been able to buy their own houses but face almost impossible financial dis%culties if trying to move out of council estates into private 50+ .s04 ‘om’n~arrce. housing policy has three basic aims.o restore the houaing stock where Sorj this is neededlo provide wider genuine choice for corrsumerssnd to allocate available 403 funds with greater faimeas~ so 3 Tbis Will mean increased investment. ritain’s building industry has been one of 9/0 the worst htt by the recession~l in .SofTt e unemployed are in crrrts.truction@igher +10 investment here will not only help the tenant, the home buyer and the home-ownec it 910 will help the whole country by creating jobs and boosting the economy~ 4/0 Investment. There is an urgent need for increased investment in housirr . e +’10 Housing Programme has suffered more than any other under this goverrtrrtent, falPmg in cash terms horn f4,514m in 192’9/80to f2,792m now which represents a fall of almost 4/0 two-thirds in real termsJThe all-party Environment Select Committee predicts a 910 shortage of nearly half a million houses by 1985. And not enough is being spent even to maintain the standard of existing houses.JMore than 2 million houses are now ‘unfit for qlo habitation’ or’ in serious disrepair’, and the figure is risin~e propose: 15

a steady expansion of local Councd and housing sssoclatlon budding 504 programmcs, paruculsrly for the sutgle and the elderiyflocal council ~rogrammcs to be so I m low denwty, human scale developmenrs~ wgorous progiammes of repair, Improvement and rehablhtatlon of exlstmg !iOq Cmsncd estatcsfi msmmum use of [mprovcmcnt grants to the private scctor&th parhcular help for 402 elderly owrter-occupiers who face dlfficultlcs m mamtammg theu housesx ?06

Greater falmcss

Hotssmg subsldlcs must be d[stnbutcd more according to ncec~tlmncd tenants have 503 been parmcu]arly hard hlt by the government’s pohcy of dehberately forcing up rents far S03 faster than the rate of mflatlorrrntral government subsldles to local authority housing fell horn Sl,274m m 1980/81 to !i370m m 1983/84 wnh the result that m most parts of 503 the country, hotssmg accounts are now movmg mto surplus.J_The Alhancc says this S05 process must stopJGmtncd rents should be fixed so that housing accounts balsrrti~Any S03 surplus should be remvcstcd m Improved management and mamtcrrance, and not used so 3 to subsldtse the general rares~ For owner-occupiers, the Nhartee’s long-term pohcy M to reform mortgage tax 503 rehef so that It relates to mdwldual tncome rather than the SIX of the Ioani the S03 meanume, tax rehef wdl be hmmd to the standard rate of income tax~e Alhance also intends to encourage ‘low start’ mortgages and other schemes to bring home-ownership +02 wlthm the reach of more people.~

The Environment

There can be no healthy ezonomy without a healthy envmonmerttFor far too long we 50 I have been wasting u-replaceable resources and amenttm, both natural and manmade on so I which our commumty’s prosperity and well-brmrg depend~ all pubhc dccrslon- makmg the enwmmrtental aspects of changes should be assessed and taken mto account sol from the beglmmg~

Polhmon

We endorse the ‘Polluter Pays’ pnnctple - that those reaponwble for pollut]onphould pay !j-Oi for the resultant enwronmental damage~lstmg pollutlon control Iegrslatlon must be enforced and extended as recommended by the Royal Commlsslon on Enwronmental 501 Pollutlort~

Llmlttng waste

We WII1encourage the manufacture of products to last longer than at present and the so/ ❑anufacture of those. gomis which capqot be re-used from mater-tals whtcT can be so I rccycled~e WIII provide financla] mcentlvcs for authontlcs with responstbdlty for 501 waste disposal to construct new plants to recycle waste mater]ai~ 16

Transport

Without an effective public transport system the environment will suffer serious s-oI damage and energy resources will be wastedie believe that new investment should be linked with modernised operating practices to ensure a future for our railways, and we 911 therefore reject the negative philosophy of the Serpell Repotirtareful plaming and co- ordination is required to meet the different public transport needs of both the cities and ~11 the countryside

Land use

We need a fundamental change in the way in which we plan our cities, towns and 202 villages to develop greater participation by those directly affected, to protect, create and develop living communities.x

Farming and conservation

We will give increased re.sporrsibility to local bodies representative of farming and 703 environmental interests which would be based on the present Farming and Wildlife Advisory Groups, in the award of agricultural grants and subsidieasand which would so f seek to reconcile different interests in the use of lands

TRANSFORMING THE POLITICAL SYSTEM

Electoral reform

The introduction of Proportional Representation is the linchpin of our entire programme 202 of radical reform~one of the political parties the Llbersl Party and the SDP recognise 606 that our economic crisis is rooted in our political system> class based parties, Labotrr 606 and Conservative represent and intensify our divisiom~e ‘first-past-the-post’ voting b% system ensures the underrepresentation of all those who reject clasa as the basis of politics~kctoral reform is thus a precondition of healing Britain’s divisions and 606 creating a sense of community~t is also a change we must make if we are, in the full 202 sense of the word, to be a democracy. The national interest demands 3e ectoral reformre Afliance will not hesitate to 202 use its strength in the next Parliament to ensure the introduction of a system which will 202 strengthen the power of the voters~ A system based on roportional representation will provide a stable political 202 framework in two ways.$ irstly, in order to form a govemmerr~ political parties 202 combining together will need to command the support of about half the voters~e policies such a government will pursue, can only be less dogmatic and extreme than those likely to be followed under our present system where govemmen~ cart be elected 202 with the support of no more than one quarter of the electorat~econdly, the political parties will have to aim much more for the centre ground and will be much more 606 reluctant to adopt the divisive policies we see at presentr 17

Decentralizing Government

Lrr addmon to the electoral reform, the AIhance M commmed to two further 20+ wttatltutlonal reforms~dcccntrahsatlon to make government more accc+ntable to the 30/ electorate&nd baaic legts Iatlon to protect fundamental human rtghts and fiecdoms. 201 Our system of government M uteff]clcnt because ]t M over-centra$ Ised= 301 Departmctrts, Mmatcrs and Parhament are hopelessly overloaded and Parhament 30 I camot adequately control the executweJlocal government IS too dependent on and 30 I dommated by central govcrmnen~ which has eroded not only m utd,ependencc but also 202 Its SCIISCof rcsponslbdltyJand the Torrcs have’ made the spendttrg of mdwldual local 301 authormes subject to central controfJTNe’overall r&.aultMlack of effictencfirrd lack of accountabdlty&nd the concentration pf pohtical power m London leads to a %3 concerrtrauon of c.mnomlc power there too, acamtuattng the trend to two nations - a 30/ relauvely prosperous South, and a relatwely deprived North~e need to dlaperae power m order to help spread praspertty. In the hgltt of thee deficlenclcs m the structure of govermner$ we propose to transfer substantial powers and rrs uslbdmcs, currently exermsd by the 30 I centre, to the nauons snd regions of Brttmn.6 e demand for devohmon K clearly stronger m Scotland than m Wales or m some of the Enghsh regrorta, and we do not 301 behcve that devolutron should be Imposed on natlom or regions which do not wish lb But there M a strong practd case, especially m terms of regonal developmen~ for relevant pubhc expenditure to be allocated between and wlthm regions m Ime with 30/ regional necds~e therefore propose: lmmedlatc action to set up a Scottlah Parlmntettt with a full mtrgc of 30/ devolved powers, mcludmg powers to Ssatat economic development and powera to tax~ 414 but not to run a Budget deficlt~ to enact Scottish devolutlon m an Act which would also provide the hantework for dtiutrahaatlon to aasembhes In Wales and the Ertgl@ rc.gtons as 30 I demand developa~ m the Enghah regions to set up kccntomlc development agencm with 301 substarmal powersso mske these development agencies, and other nommated regronal authontm which already exra~ accountable m the fimt m+tanc.eto regtonal commmees 202 of a reformed Second Cbamberx . J We support the present Northern keland Assembly and wdl work towards a 30/ return to devolved power m pia~ of dlrwt rule from Westmmater~ to rewtahse local governnten~ re.atonng m independence and lts accountsbdlty to the 10CSIelectorate by: mtmducmg ~ropot-honal rc.presentation at local level to make local 202 government reprcscntstwe of us electorate and re.ciponsweto currents of opm]op m that elcctorate~ i slmphfymg the structure of local g&crnnrent to ma$e }t more .X3 effectwe by abobahmg one of the exrstmg tlera of Iccal government~ wdl be done by stages against the background of our propd~ala for the deve opment of regional 30/ government~ paving the way to the abohtlon of domcstlc rates and reducing local 301 government’s dependence on centml ~an~ by mtmducqg a local income, taxcJlus change m the structure of local gove~ent finance wdl urcrerke the mdependetrce of 30/ local govermnent~ extendurg the right of Iota] cornmunltles to have statutory Parish or 30 I Ne@tbourhood Counclls& to mcresse the accountability of &weticnt to Parhamcnt by reformmg the operation and procedures of the Howe of tiMrnOOS, to make Its control of the 303 exccutwe more effcctwe~nd to refofi-’ the pow& and compoaltlon of the House of Lords, wh]ch must include a significant e[wtd element reprcsenratlvc of the natloos 202 and rcglom of Bntam~ 18

This set of proposals amounts to an extensive. decentralisation of power from the centre, 30/ both to the nations and regions and to local governtnen~nd to considerable strengthening of democratic accountability at all levels of govemment~ 202

Promoting individual rights

Resting on our laurels as the oldest democracy, we have become smug and complacent 201 with the result that the righta we have taken for granted are being increasingly threatened~e third major area of constitutional reform theretire inc[udca a aerics of 201 measures to buttress our now shaky structure of liberties and rights and guarantee them by law~hanges in the power of the State, the media and in technology require specific 201 protection of rights by statuteJ_S.uch action will be coupled with determined action to 605 strengthen the rule of law~giving full backing to the police subject to a proper system of accountability.~ 605

Individual rights

The following are our pro oaals: 20( a new Bill of Rights. t :s shaming that our citizens have so tiequently had to go to 5 20 I the European Court to have basic rights enforced~We shall incorporate the rights and free.doms of the European Convention of Human Rights into English, Scottish and 20 f Northern Ireland law by means of a new Bill of Righta Act which will be paramount over all inconsistent statutes and common law. we shall create a UK Commission o+- Human ~ights to help people bring 201 proceedings under the Bill of Rights to secure compliance with ita provisions. is will incorporate the existing Equal Opportunities “2rmmission and Commission Por Racial 5D3 Equality and will deal with discrimination on grounds of sex or ra~~ The Alliance believes that sex and race equality are fundamental to our societ~ S03 They will be promoted by positive action in relation eg to public employment policies 503 wbicb will be monitored in central and local governmentJAnti-discrimittation legislation will be actively enforced~ 503 nationality and immigration: we believe the British Nationality Act of 1981 to be S03 offensive and discriminate . We will revert to the simple concept that all those born in Britain are entitled to BritisP Citizenahi . ere should be objective tests for citizenship and a right of appeal againat refusa~%!’ migration control will be applied without discrimination on grounds of sex, race or colour~and rules on dependenta will be 603 revised to promote family unity~ we shall Iegis[ate for public access to officiaI information, including the right of 201 individuals to have access to information on themselves, subject to a Code of Practice defining exceptions and limitationa~

PEACE AND SECURITY

Alliance policies in the field of foreign policy and defettce are uncompromisingly 107’ interrrationalis~ey are based on the view that Britain must p[ay a full and leading 107 role in the community of nations, The Alliance holds that Britain’s security as a country depends on the cohesion 109 and etYectiveness of the NATO alliance, hat our political and economic interests require us to play our full part in the ~mpean Community%@ that the poomxt “8 countries of the world can bext be helped if the industria nanons pursue more /07 expansionary economic policies in concertt 19

The Alhancds commitment to uttematlonahsm and us recoftrtmon of the 107 mterdependertce of nauons clearly dlfferertttatcs M approach from t~at of both the Labour and Tory parmessb a dangerous and com iex world there M a temptation to 602 withdraw mto narrow and natlonaltstlc attltudcs.& ts N what both the class-based 602 psrtlca have done.~ Labotrr M now pledged to pohclcs which would ~olate and weaken Bntatn~ 107 Import controls@latcral withdrawal from the EEC onc-sldcd dtsarmamen~ these ~o ? log pohcms were enacted our Alhca would lose all conf]f ence m us, the We-stern Alharrce 104 would be badly undermm~nd as an economically debdltated and leas mflucntlal !O1.+ country we would bc qrutc unable so launch tbc mtcmatlonal mmatwca now desperately needed to help the pmr of the world through concerted ecorromlc cxpanmon and aid. lo~ The Cmservatwc Party spectilcally refuses to recogmse the true mtcrdcpcrr scncc 10+ of natlorrs m us approach to both development and pcacc~etr refusal to countettsrtcc !hc mclus]on of Bream’s nuclear systems m any dmrrqament negottat]ons d~plays /05 thclr lack of real commitment to multdateral dlsarmamcnt~ The AJhancc scca httlc prospect for progress towards a more peaceful, prosperous [07 and yst world unless mtcrdepcndcrrce M accepted as the basts of mtematlonal rclatlons~~ls leads us to radically dfferent pohcma from those advocated by the clsss- lo? bssed parhcs m thres key aresa.~

~a~ A#tce behcvca Brltam must be properly defended and our forces equipped for /c+ e pay tribute to the muragc and deternrmatlon of our srmkd forces m the 10+ FalklsrrP and m Northern Irclarrd~ur dcfence pohcles reject both IAxmtr’s onc-sided Iorf dwrrrtamcn~nd the Conservauvcs’ escalauon of the nuclear arms raccce maut 105 pomrs of our pohctca for defcncc are~ Iolf

to adhere firmly to the prtnclplc.s of collcctwc secunt~rltatn cannot defend 10+ herself alone, and the NATO AJhancc has made a conrersroqe of the country’s defence /oq Pohcsnd m order to consolidate the NATO AIhanu we [ea@p our commitment to the NATO target for atrengtherutrg cmtvcntlonal forces m Eqrope 10+ wc accept the need for a npclcar component tn the NAT‘*” deterrent whtlst the 104 USSR has nuclear weaponssATO should however move away from m present exccsswc dcpertdence on the early usc of nuclear weapocs~e therefore su~port ralsmg 105 the nuclear thmhold m Europe arid movmg towards a ‘no first USC. pohcy by 10s atrengthemrtg NATOS conventional forces and csrabltshqrg a 150km Battlefield Nuclear Weapon-Free Zone at the ~ptral front. AJhsrtce Govermrrent would regard such a zone as the ba.wsfor ncgotlatlons with Pt e Russmrrs on a w]der vetilable nuclear 105 weapon-free zone wc strongly * ack mtrltllad~lddirirrnamcnt ,and a~$ontroi efforts, m patmcular lo~ ‘the Geneva negotiations for rcdhc~l~d m both sides ‘strarcgrc (START) and mtcrrrmdatc range (_lNF)nuclear wcapor@Mop spedically, the START and INF talks should bc merged or at least closely Imked ‘SO that trsdedfs can be made across weaporra 105 sysrems~ llre Geneva negotiations shduld bc purau~ to a successful cortcluaU@Beforc 10: decldmg whether or not to oppoke the deployment of CmEe m~sllcs m Bntam, an Alhartce Government wdl take acc%trnt m parncuiar of the negotiating Pc.smon of the 00 Sowet Urtlon and the Un@’Stat~, the attitude df ~ur, NATO pa,r-tnersm Europe and whether arrangements for a double safety

reductions in Europe and a comprehensive test ban to strengthen the Non-Pmliferation (05 Treaty~ on international security, we support the recommendations in the Palme Reportt 107 and wish to see the UN’s peace-keeping role strengthenediand increased powers given 10? 10? to the UN Secretsry-General. Aflisrrce Government will press for a European initiative to register the sale oParms to thtrd world countries, and will act to end sales of 20/ British arms to regimes which persistently and brutally violate human rights~

This set of policies will reduce the danger of nuclear conflict and increase Britain’s Io$- security.

Membership of the European Community

The Alliance is wholly committed to continuing UK membership of the European 103 Communit~embership has increased our political influence with our European log neighbors and in the world beyond~ontinrrexi membership is so unequivocally to our log economic advantage~lle community is by far Britatis largest trading partner, with over half of our exports going to community countries or countries with whom they tot? have Free Trade Agreements. t also provides an influential framework for the discussion of Irish problem Petwee.n two member stares, ourselves and the Irish 108 Republic~Withdrawal, to which Labour is committed, would have a highly destructive effect on exports and hence on job~e would also lose a great deal of foreign, /08 particularly US investment which has come here because we are in the Community IO(? Alliance advocates further development of the Community and new common poP Iclea, 108 and we wiIl take the lead in putting things rights Fimt, we support political development of the Community through adoption of the common electoral system for the 1984 direct elections to the European Parliament; f?? more majority voting in the Council of kfinisters~and greater involvement of t?e 108 European Parliament in the appointment of the Comm!ssion~ Second, to correct the imbalance in existing activities? an Alliance Government 108 will press for expansion of Community activity on regional and social policies, industrial innovation, energy conservation and the development of renewable sources of energy~To develop new policies we accept the need for an increase in community 108 revenues on a more diversified and fairer baai~e will work for some reduction in the 110 agriculture budget fist by holding back intemention prices for agricultural products in surpl~and if need be by setting a limit on the quantities of production eligible for //0 intervention support~ Third, we will take the lead in advocating the develo ment of new policies where IOP Europe hss everything to gain from standing together.$ e must increasingly stand together in trade talks, following the pattern of the recent MuIti-Ftbre Arrangement /08 talks and GATT talks in which the Commission spoke for the Communit~We must /0(? increase political co-operation to reach carsensus on foreign policy queatio and be prepared to move into new areas such as a common procurement policy for deFenc~e 108 need to develop a Community industrial policy to spend money on easing the pain for areas dependent on declining industries and alao in ertcouraging new, high technology 108 inveatmen@nd we need to develop and back initiatives at European level through the Social Fund aimed at reducing youth unemployment from 25 per cent to the level of /08 general urremploymerrrere is great scope for launching joint economic policies and /08 an Alliance government will take the lead in advocating them. Fourth, an Alliance government will make Britain a ful+ member of the European Monetary System in order to iron out the wild fluctuations in the exchange rate which (o&’ have done such damage to exports and jobs over the lastfew years= 21

Helping the world’s poor

Conscrvauve pohcy towards the poor countrrcs of the world has been mean and short- a@tcd, rrducrssg the level of Bnt~h a] and cffcctwely excluding ‘llrrd World atudcnra from our h@cr cducatlon system. X e wldesprc.ad pursutt of reatrrctwe pohcles has plunged the world mto the worst slump for 50 years, and the poor Countna have suffered moa~n the other hand, Labotsrs rcstnctwe trade pohcms would be extremely damagmg to the developing worl~cre Mno hope for them or the rest of the world If prorectlon leads on to waves of retahatlon and counrnc.s destroy each others’ markets, sending the whole economy splrallmg further downwards~ We want to do two thmgs~ws~ to advocate Joint pohcle, to be developd and implemented by the major mduatrtal countrres, to take the world out of shrrnp.JWe advmatc co-orduratcd actlou~ Joint exparrslonary measures followtng the example of the 1978 Bores Economic Summit, so that the mam countnes expand together, so managmg to avoid balance of 10 payments dlfficultm and the mflatlonary cortacqucnccs of collapsing currcncm.s” monctsry stabdlty Coapcrat]on berwwxr the three man currency blocs - & us, Japan and the EMS (mcludmg Br@n) - to keep thclr currcncms~ addmonal finance for the dcvclopmg world so that gcncrsl expan.won ts not frustrated by credit ccmatramts - mcressed resources for the IXfF and World B*J 10

Intematlonal pohcms of this kmd could chart the way out of recexwo~h so doing, they 10 would help developing rxruntrrcs - and, indeed, the developed ccnrntrrcs., ahke - more 10 than any for=ceablc utcressea m Icvcls of ald~owcvcr, Bntam has a slgmficsnt mdwldual mntnbutlon to make to Timrd World development through tts own a]d 10 progrsmm~ AJhsnec govcrnrncnt would: mcrcsse the proporhon of GNP spent on a]d over 5 years to 0,7 perccnv [0 concentrate ald on the poorest coursttm and on the poorest pcop-#_e us those 10 cotsntnes- meres.se firrsnclal support for the work of voluntary agenclu, strc.ssmg urgent /0: projectss promote more generous fundtng for ovcrscaa students, cspeaally those from the /0; poorest countrrcs and the poorest students tlom other muntnc.s;~