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Manifesto Project Dataset List of Political Parties [email protected] Website: https://manifesto-project.wzb.eu/ Version 2016a from May 20, 2016 Manifesto Project Dataset - List of Political Parties Version 2016a Coverage of the Dataset including Party Splits and Merges The following list documents the parties that were coded at a specific election. The list includes the name of the party or alliance in the original language and in English, the party/alliance abbreviation as well as the corresponding party identification number. In the case of an alliance, it also documents the member parties it comprises. Within the list of alliance members, parties are represented only by their id and abbreviation if they are also part of the general party list. If the composition of an alliance has changed between elections this change is reported as well. Furthermore, the list records renames of parties and alliances. It shows whether a party has split from another party or a number of parties has merged and indicates the name (and if existing the id) of this split or merger parties. In the past there have been a few cases where an alliance manifesto was coded instead of a party manifesto but without assigning the alliance a new party id. Instead, the alliance manifesto appeared under the party id of the main party within that alliance. In such cases the list displays the information for which election an alliance manifesto was coded as well as the name and members of this alliance. 1 Manifesto Project Dataset - List of Political Parties Version 2016a Contents 1 Albania 5 2 Armenia 6 3 Australia 8 4 Austria 9 5 Azerbaijan 10 6 Belarus 11 7 Belgium 12 8 Bosnia-Herzegovina 15 9 Bulgaria 17 10 Canada 22 11 Croatia 23 12 Cyprus 26 13 Czech Republic 27 14 Denmark 29 15 Estonia 30 16 Finland 33 17 France 35 18 Georgia 38 2 Manifesto Project Dataset - List of Political Parties Version 2016a 19 German Democratic Republic 42 20 Germany 43 21 Greece 45 22 Hungary 47 23 Iceland 49 24 Ireland 50 25 Israel 51 26 Italy 54 27 Japan 58 28 Latvia 59 29 Lithuania 62 30 Luxembourg 65 31 Macedonia 66 32 Malta 69 33 Mexico 70 34 Moldova 72 35 Montenegro 75 36 Netherlands 77 37 New Zealand 78 3 Manifesto Project Dataset - List of Political Parties Version 2016a 38 Northern Ireland 79 39 Norway 80 40 Poland 81 41 Portugal 84 42 Romania 85 43 Russia 88 44 Serbia 90 45 Slovakia 95 46 Slovenia 97 47 South Africa 99 48 South Korea 100 49 Spain 101 50 Sri Lanka 103 51 Sweden 104 52 Switzerland 105 53 Turkey 107 54 Ukraine 108 55 United Kingdom 111 56 United States 112 4 Manifesto Project Dataset - List of Political Parties Version 2016a 1 Albania ID Covering Abbrev Parties No. Elections 75220 1991-2001 PPS Partia e Punës e Shqipërisë (Albanian Party of Labour) 5 renamed in 1992: PSS Partia Socialiste e Shqipërisë (Albanian Socialist Party) 75320 1991-2001 PSD Partia Socialdemokrate ë Shqipërisë (Social Democratic 5 Party of Albania) 75421 1992-2001 AD Partia Aleanca Demokratike (Democratic Alliance Party) 4 75621 1991 PP Partia Popullore (People’s Party) 1 predecessor: APLP Albanian People’s League Party 75622 1992 PUK Partia e Unitetit Kombëtar (Party of National Unity) 1 75623 1991, PLL Partia Lëvizja e Legalitetit (Legality Movement Party) 3 1996-1997 75624 1991-1997 PD Partia Demokratike e Shqipërisë (Democratic Party of 4 Albania) 75721 1996-1997 BK Partia Balli Kombëtar (National Front Party) 2 in 1997 coalition Name: E Djatha e Bashkuar e Shqipërisë (United manifesto coded: Albanian Right); members: no information 75722 1991-1997 PRSH Partia Republikane Shqiptare (Albanian Republican 4 Party) 75810 1991, PASH Partia Agrare e Shqipërisë (Agrarian Party of Albania) 4 1996-2001 75951 1991-2001 OMONIA Bashkimia Demokratik i Minoritet Grek (Democratic 5 Union of the Greek Minority) renamed in 1992: PBDNJ Partia Bashkimi për të Drejtat e Njeriut (Union for Human Rights Party) 5 Manifesto Project Dataset - List of Political Parties Version 2016a 2 Armenia ID Covering Abbrev Parties No. Elections 76041 2012 HAK Alliance: Hay Azgayin Kongres (Armenian National 1 Congress); members: HHSh Hayots Hamazgain Sharzhum (Armenian Pan-National Movement, HZhK Hayastani Zhoghovrdakan Kusaktsutyun (People’s Party of Armenia), Hanrapetutyun (Republic), Zhoghovrdakan Hayreniq (Democratic Fatherland), Zhoghovrdakan Ughi (Democratic Way), Qristonya-demokratakan veratsnund (Christian-Democratic Revival), Azatutyan (Liberty), Hayots hayreniq kusaktsutyun (Armenian Fatherland Party) predecessor: HHSh Hayots Hamazgain Sharzhum (Pan-Armenian National Movement) 76222 1995-1999 HKK Hayastani Komunistakan Kusaktsutyun (Communist 2 Party of Armenia) 76321 1999-2012 HHD Hay Heghapokhakan Dashnaktsutyun (Armenian 4 Revolutionary Federation) 76322 2003 MAK Miavorvac Ashkhatankayin Kusaktsutyun (United Labour 1 Party) 76420 1999-2012 OEK Orinats’ Yerkir (Rule of Law) 4 76421 2003 A Alliance: Ardarutyun (Justice); members: HZhK 1 Hayastani Zhoghovrdakan Kusaktsutyun (People’s Party of Armenia), AZhM (76712), HDK Hayastani Demokratakan Kusaktsutyun (Democratic Party of Armenia), Hanrapetutyun (Republic), Hayastani Demokratakan Kusaktsutyun (Natioanl Democratic Party), Sotsial-demokratakan Hnchakian kusaktsutsutyun (Social Democratic Hnchakian Party), Azgayin-demokratakan dashink (National Democratic Alliance), Sahmanadrakan iravunqi miutyun (Union for Constitutional Rights) 76430 2007-2012 Zharangutyun (Heritage) 2 6 Manifesto Project Dataset - List of Political Parties Version 2016a 76521 1995 AIM Azgayin Inknoroshum Miavorum (National 1 Self-Determination Union) 76610 2003-2012 HHK Hayastani Hanrapetakan Kusaktsutyun (Republican 3 Party of Armenia) 76620 2007-2012 BHK Bargavadj Hayastan Kusaktsutyun (Prosperous Armenia) 2 76711 1995 HA Alliance: Hanrapetutyun (Republic); members: HHSh 1 Hayots Hamazgain Sharzhum (Armenian Pan-National Movement, Sotsial-demokrat Hnchakian kusaktsutsyun (Social Democratic Hnchakian Party), Hay qristonya-demokratakan miutyun (Armenian Christian Democratic Union), Hayastani demokrat-liberal kusaktsutsyun (Democratic Liberal Party of Armenia), Hanrapetakan kusaktsutsyun (Republican Party) 76712 1995-1999 AZhM Azgayin Zhoghovrdakan Miutyun (National Democratic 2 Union) 76901 1995 Shamiram (Semiramis (Women’s Movement)) 1 76902 1999 IM Alliance: Iravunk ev Miabanutyun (Right and Unity); 1 members: AM (76904), Sahmanadrakan iravunqi miutyun (Union for Constitutional Rights), Artsakh Hayastan (Artsakj Haiastan), Gardmak 76903 1999 M Alliance: Miasnutyun (Unity); members: HZhK Hayastani 1 Zhoghovrdakan Kusaktsutyun (People’s Party of Armenia), HHK (76610) 76904 2003 AM Azgayin Miabanutyun (National Unity Party) 1 7 Manifesto Project Dataset - List of Political Parties Version 2016a 3 Australia ID Covering Abbrev Parties No. Elections 63110 2004-2013 Australian Greens 4 63320 1946-2013 ALP Australian Labor Party 27 63321 1990, AD Australian Democrats 4 1996-2001 63330 1955-1977 DLP Democratic Labor Party 10 63410 2013 PUP Palmer United Party 1 63620 1946-2013 LPA Liberal Party of Australia 27 63621 2010-2013 LNP Liberal National Party of Queensland 2 63622 2013 CLP Country Liberal Party 1 63710 2013 Katter’s Australian Party 1 63810 1946-2013 CP Country Party 27 renamed in 1975: NCP National Country Party renamed in 1982: NPA National Party of Australia 8 Manifesto Project Dataset - List of Political Parties Version 2016a 4 Austria ID Covering Abbrev Parties No. Elections 42110 1986-2008 GA Die Grüne Alternative (Green Alternative) 8 renamed in 1993: GRÜNE Die Grünen (The Greens) 42220 2002, 2008 KPÖ Kommunistische Partei Österreichs (Austrian Communist 2 Party) 42320 1949-2008 SPÖ Sozialdemokratische Partei Österreichs (Austrian Social 19 Democratic Party) 42420 1949-2008 VdU Verband der Unabhängigen (League of Independents) 19 renamed in 1956: FPÖ Freiheitliche Partei Österreichs (Austrian Freedom Party) renamed in 1995: Die Freiheitlichen (Freedom Movement) renamed in 1999: FPÖ Freiheitliche Partei Österreichs (Austrian Freedom Party) 42421 1994-1995 LIF Liberales Forum (Liberal Forum) 2 42520 1949-2008 ÖVP Österreichische Volkspartei (Austrian People’s Party) 19 42710 2006-2008 BZÖ Bündnis Zukunft Österreich (Alliance for the Future of 2 Austria) 9 Manifesto Project Dataset - List of Political Parties Version 2016a 5 Azerbaijan ID Covering Abbrev Parties No. Elections 77220 1995-2000 YAP Yeni Azerbaycan Partiyası (New Azerbaijan Party) 2 77221 2000 AVKP Azerbaycan Vahid Kommunist Partiyası (Azerbaijan 1 United Communist Party) predecessor: AKP Az@rbaycan Kommunist Partiyası (Azerbaijan Communist Party) 77420 1995-2000 AXC Azerbaycan Xalq Cebhesi (Azerbaijan Popular Front) 2 77430 1995 ADPS Azerbaycan Demokratik Sahibkarlar Partiyası (Azerbaijan 1 Democratic Entrepeneurs Party) 77710 1995-2000 AMİP Azerbaycan Milli İstiqlal Partiyası (Azerbaijan National 2 Independence Party) 77951 2000 VHP Vatandas Hamrayliyi Partiyası (Civil Solidarity Party) 1 10 Manifesto Project Dataset - List of Political Parties Version 2016a 6 Belarus ID Covering Abbrev Parties No. Elections 78211 1995 PKB Partiya Komunistau Belaruskaya (Party of Communists of 1 Belarus) 78212 1995 APB Agrarnaya Partiya Belarusi (Agrarian Party of Belarus) 1 78213 1995 BKhP Belaruskaya Syalanskaya Partiya (Belarusan Peasants’ 1 Party) 78214 1995 BPR Belaruski Patryatychny Rukh (Belarusan Patriotic 1 Movement) 78410 1995 PNZ Partiya Narodnaya Zgody (Party of People’s Consent) 1 78430 1995 ADPB Abyadnanya Demakratychnaya Partiya Belarusi (United 1 Democratic Party of Belarus) 78710 1995 BSDP Belaruskaja
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  • The Political Legacy of Entertainment TV∗

    The Political Legacy of Entertainment TV∗

    The Political Legacy of Entertainment TV∗ Ruben Durantey Paolo Pinottiz Andrea Teseix August 2018 Abstract We study the political impact of commercial television in Italy exploiting the stag- gered introduction of Berlusconi's private TV network, Mediaset, in the early 1980s. We find that individuals with early access to Mediaset all-entertainment content were more likely to vote for Berlusconi's party in 1994, when he first ran for office. The effect persists for five elections and is driven by heavy TV viewers, namely the very young and the elderly. Regarding possible mechanisms, we find that individ- uals exposed to entertainment TV as children were less cognitively sophisticated and civic-minded as adults, and ultimately more vulnerable to Berlusconi's populist rhetoric. Keywords: Entertainment TV, Voting, Cognitive Abilities, Civic Engagement JEL codes: L82, D72, Z13 ∗We thank Alberto Alesina, Filipe Campante, Antonio Ciccone, Stefano DellaVigna, Ruben Enikolopov, Ray Fisman, Greg Huber, Brian Knight, Valentino Larcinese, Marco Manacorda, Torsten Persson, Barbara Petrongolo, Andrei Shleifer, Francesco Sobbrio, Joachim Voth, David Weil, Katia Zhu- ravskaya, and seminar participants at Bocconi, CREI, NYU, MIT, Sciences Po, Brown, Dartmouth, Sorbonne, WZB, Surrey, Queen Mary, Yale, EIEF, LSE, Namur, Bank of Italy, Warwick, UPF, and participants at the AEA Meetings, the EUI Conference on Communications and Media Markets, and the Lisbon Meeting on Institutions and Political Economy for helpful comments. We are very grateful to Ben Olken and Ruben Enikolopov for their help with the ITM software. We thank Nicola D'Amelio and Giuseppe Piraino for their assistance with data collection and Laura Litvine for her outstanding help with the digitization of the transmitters data.