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Electoral Processes in the Mediterranean

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Electoral Processes in the Mediterranean Electoral Processes Electoral processes in the Mediterranean This chapter provides information on jority party if it does not manage to Gorazd Drevensek the results of the presidential and leg- obtain an absolute majority in the (New Slovenia Christian Appendices islative elections held between July Chamber. People’s Party, Christian Democrat) 0.9 - 2002 and June 2003. Jure Jurèek Cekuta 0.5 - Parties % Seats Participation: 71.3 % (1st round); 65.2 % (2nd round). Monaco Nationalist Party (PN, conservative) 51.8 35 Legislative elections 2003 Malta Labour Party (MLP, social democrat) 47.5 30 9th February 2003 Bosnia and Herzegovina Med. Previous elections: 1st and 8th Februa- Democratic Alternative (AD, ecologist) 0.7 - ry 1998 Federal parliamentary republic that Parliamentary monarchy with unicam- Participation: 96.2 %. became independent from Yugoslavia eral legislative: the National Council. in 1991, and is formed by two enti- The twenty-four seats of the chamber ties: the Bosnia and Herzegovina Fed- Slovenia are elected for a five-year term; sixteen eration, known as the Croat-Muslim Presidential elections by simple majority and eight through Federation, and the Srpska Republic. 302-303 proportional representation. The voters go to the polls to elect the 10th November 2002 Presidency and the forty-two mem- Previous elections: 24th November bers of the Chamber of Representa- Parties % Seats 1997 tives. Simultaneously, the two entities Union for Monaco (UPM) 58.5 21 Parliamentary republic that became elect their own legislative bodies and National Union for the Future of Monaco (UNAM) independent from Yugoslavia in 1991. the Srpska Republic elects its Presi- Union for the Monegasque Two rounds of elections are held to dent and Vice-President. The terms of Family (RFM) Independents elect a President. Terms are for five office have been changed from two to years. four years. The present convocation National and Democratic Union (UND) 41.5 3 of elections is the first after the war between 1992 and 1995 to take place Participation: 79.7 %. Candidates % % 1st round2nd round without foreign aid. However, interna- tional observers are in attendance. Janez Drnovsek (Liberal Democracy The main winners are not the moder- Malta of Slovenia) 44.4 56.5 ate parties promoted by the interna- Legislative elections Barbara Brezigar 30.8 43.5 tional community, but three national- ist parties that led their respective Zmago Jelinèiè Plemeniti 12th April 2003 (Slovenian National communities before and during the Previous elections: 5th September Party, nationalist) 8.5 - conflict. 1998 Franc Arhar 7.6 - Parliamentary republic with unicamer- Presidential elections Franc Buèar 3.2 - al legislative: the House of Represen- tatives. It has a minimum of sixty-five Lev Kreft (Social 5th October 2002 Democrats United members, who are elected for a term List) 2.2 - Previous elections: 12th and 13th of five years through proportional September 1998 Anton Bebler representation in thirteen multi-seat (Slovenia Joint presidency of three members, constituencies. The possibility exists Pensioners’ one for each community, who alternate Democratic Party) 1.8 - of granting additional seats to the ma- in the position of major representative. The proportion of votes within each sal suffrage and proportional repre- representation in equal parts. On this community can be seen below. The re- sentation. Twenty-eight seats corre- occasion, the people vote for the sults lead to the joint presidency for spond to the Bosnia and Herzegovina House of Representatives, which has four years of Mirko Sarovic (SDS), Federation and fourteen to the Srpska 98 seats elected by a proportional Sulejman Tihic (SDA) and Dragan Republic. The term of office is for four system in order to cover a four year Covic (HDZ). years. mandate. Serbian candidates % Parties % Seats Parties % Seats Mirko Sarovic (SDS) 35.5 Party of Democratic Party of Democratic Action (SDA, Bosnian Action (SDA, Bosnian Nebojsa Radmanovic (SNS) 19.9 nationalist) 21.9 10 nationalist) 32.7 32 Ognjen Tadic (SRS) 8.7 Serbian Democratic Koalicija (Coalition) 15.8 16 Party (SDS, Serbian Croatian Democratic Union Desnica Radivojevic (SDA) 8.2 nationalist) 14.0 5 (HDZ, Croatian nationalist) Christian Democrats HNZ Branko Dokic (PDP) 8.1 Party for Bosnia and Herzegovina (SBH, Mirko Banjaé (SNP) 4.6 Party for Bosnia and Bosnian moderate Herzegovina (SBH, Mladen Grahovac (SDP) 4.5 nationalist) 10.5 6 Bosnian moderate nationalist) 15.3 15 Dargutin Ilic(SPRS) 3.7 Bosnia and Herzegovina Social Democrat Party Bosnia and Herzegovina Milorad Cokic (DNS) 3.2 (SDP) 10.4 4 Social Democrat Party (SDP) 15.6 15 Svetozar Radivojevic (SNS) 1.0 Party of Independent Social Democrats Bosnian Party (BOSS) 2.8 3 (SNSD) 9.8 3 Bosnia and Herzegovina Bosnian candidates % Koalicija (Coalition) 9.5 5 Federation Pensioners’ Croatian Democratic Union Sulejman Tihic (SDA) 37.3 Party (SPU) 2.3 2 (HDZ, Croatian nationalist) Haris Silajdzic (SBiH) 34.8 Christian Democrats Democratic People’s Community (DNZ, Alija Behem (SDP) 17.5 Party for the Democratic personalist) 2.3 2 Progress of RS (PDP) 4.6 2 Fikret Abdic (DNZ) 4.1 Ekonomski Blok HDU - Serbian Radical Party Za Boljitak (EB) 2.0 2 Faruk Balijagic (BOSS) 1.9 (SRS) 2.0 1 New Croatian Initiative Emir Saltar (BPS) 1.3 RS Socialist Party (NHI, moderate) 2.0 2 (SPRS, Social Radim Kadic (LDS) 1.0 Democrat) 1.9 1 Bosnia and Herzegovina Patriotic Party (BPS) 1.4 1 Bosnian Party (BOSS) 1.5 1 Croatian Peasants Party Croatian candidates % Bosnia and Herzegovina (HSS, agrarian) 0.8 1 Federation Pensioners’ Dragan Covic (Koalicija) 61.5 Party (SPU) 1.4 1 Liberal Democratic Party (LDS) 0.8 1 Mladen Ivankovic-Lijanovic (EB) 17.4 Democratic People’s Croatian Christian Mijo Anic (NHI) 8.8 League (DNS) 1.4 1 Democrat Union (HKDU) 0.8 1 Stjepan Kljvic (RS) 5.1 Democratic People’s Community (DNZ, Party of Independent Social Democrats Zeljko Koroman (HPB) 2.8 personalist) 1.4 1 (SNSD) 0.7 1 Zarko Misic (HKDU) 2.8 New Croatian Initiative 1.4 1 Croatian Rights Party (NHI, moderate) Marinko Brkic 1.2 (HSP, Croatian nationalist) 0.6 1 Ekonomski Blok HDU - Civic Democratic Party Za Boljitak (EB) 1.3 1 (GDS, centrist) 0.6 1 Participation 55.4 %. Croatian Right Block (HPS) 0.5 1 Legislative elections Pro-European People’s Party (PROENS) and 5th October 2002 Legislative elections in the Bosnia and Youth Party (SMBiH) 0.5 1 Previous elections: 11th November Herzegovina Federation 2000 Bicameral legislative formed by the 5th October 2002 Presidential elections in the Srpska Dom Narodu or House of the Peo- Previous elections: 11th November Republic ples’ (of fifteen members; ten of which 2001 are elected by the Federation Parlia- Parliamentary republic. Bicameral leg- 5th October 2002 ment and five by the Parliament of the islative constituted by the Federation Previous elections: 11th November Srpska Republic) and the House of House of Representatives (Zastupnic- 2000 Representatives (Zastupnicki Dom), ki dom Federacije) and House of the Parliamentary republic. The President of which the forty-two members are Peoples’ (Dom Narodu). The Peoples’ is elected to remain in office during a elected on the above date by univer- Chamber has Bosnian and Croatian four-year term. Serbia and Montenegro Candidates % Miroljub Labus (DOS) 27.4 30.9 - Dragan Cavic (SDS) 35.5 Federal parliamentary republic, which Vojislav Seselj Milan Jelic (SNS) 22.1 until February 2003 was called the (Serbian Radical Party, Dragan Mikerivic (PDP) 7.8 Federal Republic of Yugoslavia, from xenophobic) 23.2 - 36.3 Adil Osmanovic (SDA) 6.7 which Slovenia, Croatia, Bosnia and Herzegovina and Macedonia became Vuk Draskovic Petar Cokic (SPRS) 5.3 (Serbia Renewal independent in 1991. The country is Movement) 4.4 - - Radislav Kanjeric (SRS) 3.8 constituted by the Republic of Serbia Borislav Pelevic Djapo Mirsad (SDP) 3.2 and the Republic of Montenegro. (Party of the Serbia Unity, Dragan Kostic (DNS) 3.2 Kosovo is an autonomous province of xenophobic) 3.8 - 3.6 Smail Ibrahimpasic (SBiH) 2.8 Serbia, which is under the tutelage of the interim administration of the Unit- Velimir Bata Zivojinovic 3.3 - - ed Nations. Elections to the Presiden- Legislative elections in the Srpska cy of both federal states and also to Nebojsa Pavkovic 2.1 - - Republic the legislative of the Republic of Mon- Branislav Bane tenegro are convoked. Ivkovic 1.2 - - Appendices 5th October 2002 Vuk Obradovic 0.7 - - Previous elections: 11th November Presidential elections in the Republic Tomislav Lalosevic 0.7 - - 2000 of Serbia Dragan Radenovic 0.2 - - Unicameral legislative. The National Assembly (Narodna Skupstina) has 29th September, 13th October and Participation: 55.6 % (1st round); 45.6 % (2nd round); 45.1 % (3rd round). eighty-three members elected every 8th December 2002 2003 four years though a proportional Previous elections: 21st September to system. 21st December 1997 Presidential elections in the Republic Med. Parliamentary republic. Five-year terms of Montenegro of office. Two rounds of elections are Parties % Seats required when in the first no candidate 22nd December 2002, 9th February Serbian Democratic Party obtains an absolute majority. The elec- 2003 and 11th May 2003 (SDS, Serbian nationalist) 31.2 26 toral law stipulates that the participa- Previous elections: 5th and 19th Oc- Party of Independent tion must reach fifty percent for the tober 1997 Social Democrats elections to be valid. On this occasion Parliamentary republic. Election to the (SNSD) 21.8 19 304-305 the two most voted candidates from the presidency for a five-year term of of- Party for the Democratic Progress of RS (PDP) 10.7 9 first round pass to the second round, fice. As in the case of the Republic of which is cancelled, despite the clear Serbia, the law stipulates that the Party of Democratic Action (SDA, Bosnian victory of Kostunica, due to insufficient participation should reach fifty per- nationalist) 7.1 6 participation.
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