MS-763: Rabbi Herbert A. Friedman Collection, 1930-2004. Series F: Life in Israel, 1956-1983.

Box Folder 19 13

Shinui. 1976.

For more information on this collection, please see the finding aid on the American Jewish Archives website.

3101 Clifton Ave, Cincinnati, Ohio 45220 513.487.3000 AmericanJewishArchives.org Here is soiaething new - real news How come only Shinui can publish this ad ? Many polltical parties advertise in many newepapera. In their ada, which are paid for from the fundl paid to them by the Treuury, they show pictures, graphic design.a and cheap commercial slogans. · Only SBINUl - .financed exclualvely by it. membera' voluntary contributions - can call you to join tta rank8 aa a full fledged equal member. Our equality tmpliel equality in rights u well u in obllgationa. In two montlll, our .internal elections wlll be held. We wW elect our repreeenUv tlvea to our counclL Our elections are direct, pentem&l and secret. We have no ruerved seats for sectors, atara, oldtimers or new ollm. We practise the democracy we believe lD. Therefore only SBINUJ can publllh thll ad. •Be our partner . Stop grumbling abOut the time.a and join thoae who are actively doing something to change them. Become a member of SHINUI. Vote in our - your - elections. 8BINUI bellevee uncomprcmillngly in the rule of law; SlllNl1I believes that our only route to economic independence la increasing productivity &Dd curbing expenditure budgeted for public service•; 8lllNUI believes in electoral ref

TEL AVIV: G, Bebov Shir TeL 2!6606 llAJFA: 4S, Bebov Rutb Tel. ~

SHINUI 5, Rehov 'Sblr, .Tel Aviv Yea, I am willing to: Join S'HINUI To receive ma terial about 9HINUI To organize a meeting tn my houee To contribute to S"HINqI (cheque enclosed)

Name Address ------Tel. --- - 12.9.76

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3/ .• • 3

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nl'YUpz:i 'n?ln nl'1ll:Vi1D i1l,innv nv .IJ11 J nl'nM; iT:v Dln1j; 1.l' lpnn me in?iK? '''1J.i1? . K • Dl'j nlJJltl J iiJ

nl'TIK; i1Kl10i1~ 'UllU '0TI'i1 iJDil ,,K, i1K?tl i1 "l0.1Jl nl1l1Jil na'nK? 0 '3'i~n? J. 1R1? . ~ • n'y',n iliOD:l A letter to an American Jew who cares about I s r a e I

from

SHINUI

A new Israeli Movement for Social and Political Chal'lge

H-ead--0-ff-ic_e_:_9_7_B_e_n_Y_eh_u_d_a_St-ree-t,_T_e_l--A-vi_v_ ( 't_ ,,.•• n•o•'J1!>1 n•n,:in naunnnil'l iUJtln ~~ !_.... ' - Tel. 235698 .'Jo H"n 97 i11'1il'·P By Way of Introduction

.Professor Rubenstein cailed ''We need a -qullftntine period I for a new law which would .of at least iiYe years u a prevent fonner defense and minimum safegwrd ~amt army offi<:ials from joining de- this sort ot corruption, said tense contracting finns for pe- Professor Rubinstein, who 11 riods ranging from two to ftve also a founder of Shinui, a years after their ret.irement new political party that has from public service. The law I led the demand for governmen­ now reetricts retired defen&'e Ital ~ttnl. 'These stan

From THE NEW YORK TIMES, April 24 1975

3 Dear Friend,_

Every .American Jew sees Israel in a different light. For some, Israel is "next year in Jerusalem" come true, the return of the Jewish People to their home, the fulfilment of so many years of yearning. For some, Israel is security in a world that let six million Jews go to their death. Some Jews in America see their identity strengthened through Israel, through its vitality, its struggle. They see in Israel the answer to assimilation - a strong modem Jewish iden­ tity.

Whatever your particular way of looking at Israel, there can be no doubt that concern about the present, and hope for the future are part of it. What we would like to dltcuss with you in this letter is how to express that concern, and how to help the People of Israel help themselves. In helping Israel stand on a healthy base, Jews in America can only benefit.

FoHowing the trauma of the last war, many Israelis felt that the time had come to take a more active part in the political life of Israel. It was clear that grumbling and protesting were no longer sufficient, and the time had come to form a new political organisation.

Just over a year ago, in March 1974, some 80 individuals from all walks of life met in Tel-Aviv and drafted the basic principles of the movement, based on a realistic foreign policy, a commitment to democratic procedures, the drafting of a written constitution which would ensure the rights of all citizens, and the basic freedoms of expression, information, religion and conscience, an electoral system that would better reflect the wishes of the electorate, a lessening of governmental arbitrary interference in the economic life of the country, and the improvement of social welfare policies.

This new movement is called SH IN U I, Hebrew for change. SH I NUI is a mode­ rate centrist political movement, with a positive, constructive approach. Its goal is a viable, moderate, democratic alternative in Israeli politics.

5 SHINUI seeks to render Israel's economy less dependent on outside assistance by stressing the need to introduce modern methods of technology, production and marketing and to divert resources from an inflated bureaucracy to an under-employed industry. SH INUI is a political movement based on a partici­ patory democracy. All of SH INUl's office holders are elected by secret ballot - a rare phenomenon in Israeli politics. SHINUI has 30 branches throughout the country and is the only political body in Israel entirely financed by contri­ bution of its members and supporters.

Rather than continue with a description of SHINUI and its accomplishments to date, let's try and answer some commonly heard questions regarding SHINUI.

0. With Israel's great problems of security these days and the difficult eco­ nomic situation, is this the right time to air these problems overseas? A. If silence and restraint could solve or even help alleviate Israel's problems, we would surely not enter on this course. We are convinced however, that just the opposite is true. Israel's well-being depends as much on its viability as a society as on its military might. Unless the internal problems are confronted, and the path cleared to their solution, these problems may prove as great a threat to Israel as her Arab neighbours. In fact, Israel will not be able to meet external challenges successfuily unless it soon repairs the fabric of its society. It is clear that only if the economy is put in order,- will it be possible to shoulder the great defence expendi· ture. And only if the quality of life is improved, will every Israeli be even more determined that his sacrifice for the country's defence is worthwhile. 0. But would ·it not be interference in internal affairs for me, an outsider, to support any such activity? A· Jews all over the world share Israel's economic burden, and help form political support. It is only natural, and only fair, that your voice be heard in the Israeli political process. Israel could benefit from talents, skills and expertise of World Jewry as much as from the present economic support. Were they more aware of Israel's internal problems, the Jews of the World would probably rise tto the challenge they represent. And such intensified involvement would benefit Jewish community life everywhere. SHINUI wants Diaspora Jews to participate in Israel and not be content with giving money.

6 0. I don't live in Israel, so it's difficult for me to keep track of ttle Israel political scene. All my efforts over here are directed towards fund raising. Isn't that best? A. World Jewry generously provides Israel with large sums of money, year after year. Unfortunately, this flow of money is inadvertently underwri­ ting a political system which does not meet the needs of the country. The monies which are sent to Israel make the political machine behind the government immune to criticism and responsibility, since it makes them financially independent. There is no system of checks and balances. Israelis have no say in how the funds are distributed, and World Jewry prefers to leave the decision making to those who collect the donations. Thus the generosity and concern of World Jewry help - again, inadvertent­ ly, - preserve an outmoded system of government. The evolution of Isra­ el as a nation is thus out of the hands of the people and in the hands of a small group of self-appointed party functionaries who control the flow of funds. We urge to continue giving to Israel, but want you to take an interest in what is done with your money. a. What exactly is wrong with the political system? I can see the opportu­ nity that exists, to use money given "without strings attached" in many wrong ways. But how does this actually come about? A. Israel's political parties, both government and opposition, have voted themselves monthI y grants. They have voted themselves generous allow­ ances to permit them to continue their activity, while declaring that these allowances serve to strengthen democracy in Israel. But they have no internal elections, no conventions, no primaries, no other democratic mechanisms. All party functionaries are appointed by other party func­ tionaries, even those chosen to appear on the party slates for parliament or local government. If they dare veer from the party line, or support reforms. they would lose their position and livelihood, since such action would threaten the position and livelihood of other party functionaries. Therefore the parties have become bastions of self-concern and favori­ tism, with no hope for change. a. But none of that is really unique. That type of political corruption exists everywhere. In America, we've had Tammany Hall, Watergate, etc. A. True, the problem appears in every politic_al formation. But that is little comfort. Living under severe threats, and with so few resources, Israel can ill afford a wasteful and _destructive political system. In most Western democracies, the pol iticaf establishment controls only a small part of the gross national product. Thus, the power it wields and the waste and corruption are always within limits. The system of checks and balances,

7 by way of decentralised power, tends to deter extreme abuse, and to expose political corruption. In Israel, such checks and balances are non·existent. The political machines are in almost total control of the economy and the media. The Histadrut, the trade union federation, is run by a coalition of party machines and is the largest employer in Israel, with major interests in manufacturing, banking, publishing, press, transportation, insurance and agriculture - to name a few. Television and radio are state controlled. Owning such enormous economic power, there are unlimited opportunities for the patronage and the control that feed such political machines. 0. But won't these problems be solved gradually as Israel evolves into a more mature democracy? A. The political scientist can concern himself with evolution and gradualism. Israel is not in a position to wait for the political system to catch up with today's realities. The present political process has disastrous effects on morale and the productive capacity of the nation. For example, after the trauma of the Yorn Kippur War, Israelis had to witness the spectacle of months of bickering and horse-trading among politicians wishing to succeed Mrs. Meir. This spectacle reached heights of absurdity, when the religious parties threw into the arena the question of "who is a Jew", when their real concern was the preservation of their monopoly together with the orthodox Rabbinate on religious life in Israel, to the complete exclusion of Conservative and Reform Judaism. Here, the vital affairs of the State were ignored for months while the political establishment was involved in internal squabbles. Many of Israel's urgent problems have been, and unless things change, will continue to be ignored, while politicians preoccupy themselves with holding 2n to their absolute power. The preservation of their power, and the status quo lead to neglect and • indecision. Months passed until the first steps were taken to halt the deterioration of the economy, and particularly the level of foreign reser­ ves, while the political arena was filled with manoeuvering and pointless recriminations. Only when bankrupcy was a month away did the awake­ ning come. Such failure to assume responsibility seriously hurt morale. But the political establishment seems totally insensitive to public opinion. Indeed, there is no "reason" why they need listen. They are financially independent. Last September, when the country was facing economic bankrupcy and citizens were urged to tighten their belts, the government and the opposition together casually voted themselves a 60% increase in the subsidy they receive - from IL 14 million pounds to IL 21 million

8 a year - a loan on soft terms of mi II ions of dollars, to cover the various party debts, and a reported one million dollar subsidy to the religious parties. What motivation would there be for the average Israeli to tighten his belt, work harder and :sacrifice more, in these circumstances? Q. You spoke earlier about a new ws1ve of attitudes and ideas. What caused this change in Israeli society?

A. For many years Israelis put up wi1th this system however aware of its inadequacy. They complained, but did little to change it. Primarily this was due to the lack of a viable alt4~rnative, because opposition parties were part of the same undemocra1tic system of patronage. By simply vo­ ting for another party little wouldl be done to change the system, so why rock the boat7 Israelis were also preoccupied with matters of secu­ rity and the pressure of external threats. They had to serve for weeks each year in the military reserve, ctnd needed all their energy to earn a living under the burden of the hee11viest taxation in the world. In despera­ tion they gave up any hope of che11nge. The Yorn Kippur Wer, with its serious military setbacks, and its even graver political and economic rep•!rcussions, convinced many that some­ thing must finally be done about 1the disastrous failures of the political system. The protest movement that forced the resignation of Golda Meir's government, dramatized the disa~pointment which important segments of the Israeli population felt about their leaders. For many years they tolerated the government's inability to tackle social and economic pro­ blems, thinking that at least in one major area, security, it would deliver. Now it became apparent that the cancer of inefficiency, lack of accoun­ tability and neglect that permeated public life in Israel had finally afflic­ ted the Army as well. The fact that the post-war protesters rallied around the slogan, "Israel Shelanu" (Israel is Ours), and tha1t the workers responded to the govern­ ment's call to tighten their belts with the cry, "Vaduz, Vaduz" (allu­ ding to the hundred of millions that were lost to companies in Lichten­ stein through criminal practices o·f public officials and negligence in the handling of public funds), revealed the extent to which they felt alienated and excluded from the political p1roce~ and disenchanted with their leadership. One of the key realizations of the last few years has been that Israel's setbacks were not the outcome 01' accidents, oversights, irresponsible conduct of certain otficials, or baid luck, but rather the result of the very system of government. Like most Israelis, SHINUI believes that the key

9 to impr9vement lies in reforming Israel's political system. The days of complaining and grumbling are over, and the time is ripe for constructive political action. We are fightin.g political giants financed and underwritten by you. Lend us a helping hand.

ShalomI

On behalf of the Executive Committee of SHINUI

Amnon Rubinstein

Members of the Executive Committee :

Zeev (Steff) Wertheimer, 46, director of companies Amnon Rubinstein,~. Laws Professor Mordechai Goldstein, 39, engineer Elisha Galon, 43, economist Aoram Elster, 39, engineer Mordechai Virshubsky, 45, lawyer Zvi Meitar, 43, lawyer Vair Rotlevy, 41, industrialist Avraham Poraz, 30, lawyer

10 If you are interested in more information about

SHllNUI

please write to us:

Shinui, 97 Ben Yehu1da Street, Tel-Aviv. s__Movement H_1N __for Socialu_1 ______and Political Reform rrJ!J'IJ • • 97 Ben Yehuda Street, Tel Aviv * Teti. 235698 1

SHINUI?

January 1976 WHAT IS SHINUI?

Shinui was established following the Yom Kippur War and during the crisis through which Israeli society is passing by people who care - people who realize that it isn't enough to grumble and criticize, people who reject the feeling that "in any case nothing will help". No one will do the job for you, for us. Therefore, we must make the change ourselves, realizing that politics in Israel is too important an issue to be left in the hands of professional politicians. Politics is the principal tool for this necessary change, and whoever rejects this democratic: process invites dictatorship.

We are convinced that it is possible to improve Israeli politics and society by means of a difficult and constant effort. Thus, we wis:h to gather the strength necessary for: * laying the foundation for a strong Israel, capable of a firm stand in peace and war. * Restoring the belief in our own ability to influence our future. * Tackling the urgent issue of fraud and corruption based on personal connections, favoritism and party loyalty. The time has come to put an end to "you scratch my back, I'll scratch yours", and "cutting the pie" according to coalition percentages. * Abolishing the financial coalition betV11reen the Likud and the Labor alignment which has destroyed the public's confi1dence in the parties. * Developing a program to meet the eme~rgency situation in which we find ourselves, in the areas of production,of honesty, of personal example, and the need for a joint, national effort.

WHAT DOES SHINUI SIGNI FY?

* Shinui constitutes an innovation in thEI very essence of its establishment. It is the first and only attempt, since the establishment of the State, to create a real political climate, entirely new: a movement whijch is not a fraction of an existing bloc and not one organized before an election afid solely for that purpose. We are not organited around specific individuals. We have set up a free and open movement in which there are no "safe seats" and w~ 1 ere there is none other than an elected leadership. * Shinui demands full internal party democracy, and serves as the first and only example of its kind in Israel: it is the cinly political body which has personal ballot elections to all its institutions, -- elections which take place at regular and stipulated times. There are no "sure candidates". By offering a real possibility to each and every member to influence the ongoing processes, Shinui has created a phenomenon which is without precede:nt in this country . • * For years there has not been a Center 1Party worthy of the name, in our political arena. The choice is between two doubtful alternatives - both of which are riddled with internal conflict and are thus neutralized. On the one hand, there is the Right-Wing Likud, dominated by Hen.Jt, with its unrealistic policy tinged with religious mysticism - a weak Oppositiion which works hand in hand with the establishment in covering up the truth., in dividing the spoils and in its contempt for the citizen. On the other hand, there is the Ma'arach, The Labor - Mapam alignment, responsible for the degenenation and the undermining the Rule of Law

3 and for the economic, political and social bankruptcy at which we have arrived by means of the famous "system". ::>hinui offers you a combination of a realistic foreign policy and a progressive approach in the fields of economy and society - with attention given to clean government, the Rule of Law, personal example. In short we want to create a new sy:stem in which both parties and elected representatives are responsible and responsive to the public.

WHAT ARE THE PRINCIPLES OF OUR PROGRAM? a. Foreign Policy and Defence * The State of Israel is the realisation of Zionism, the homeland of the Jewish people and an expression of our right of self-determination in the Land of Israel. It is therefore, our duty to concern ourselves with our defence, with strengthening our country and our independence. * Our first objective in this framework is to strive for peace. * Because of the dimensions of the Israel-Arab conflict, its depths and bitterness, the emnity and the hate therein, the1 peace-making process will be a drawn-out one - in stages and possibly combiri1ed with failure and disappointments. Also, it is not impossible that there will be a1nother military struggle. * Two stumbling blocks stand in the path of a settlement in our region. One is the obligation of the Arab states to recc.gnize and become reconciled to Israel's existence, with an explicit declaration that they accept Israel as a factor in the region and agree to our right of inde1pendent existence. The second difficulty stems from the necessity to recognize tha1! in Eretz Israel, in all its parts, there exist two peoples with a right to self-determirJ,ation - Israel and the Palestinians. A con­ clusive end to the struggle in the Mi~~dle East is not possible without a solution to the Palestine problem. A settlement, the exact component parts of which are dependent on the measure of mutu~I trust that will exist when it is achieved, will be based on these three principles:~ Jewish majority in Israel; removal of the military threat from the heart of ls~~el and from its populated centers; giving expression to the Palestinian existence, on both banks of the Jordan, together with realistic measures which would effectively limit the enemy potential. * In order to arrive at a desired turning point for Israel. we must present a program for total peace, taking into full consideration the nature of future relationships with all our neighbors. Even if there are additional intermediate stages, they should be arrived at only after an agreement in principle is reached concerning the principles which will goverg the final peace settlement. * On the way towards the peace settlement, it is essential to institute wide ranging demilitarization and other arrangements for defence. Also in the intermediate stages, we must insist on cooperatioir1 between Israel and the Arab States - whether in superyision and policing, DMZ and Security' zones, as a substitute for the UN Forces or, for example, in the field of transportation - in free passage on the seas. in port services ;md in encouraging air lines to conduct direct flights between Israel and her neighbors.

4 * Time works in favor of the side that knows how to take advantage of it. Israel should be the initiator of action, and cease to be a passive partner always several steps behind on the political, military and information fronts. * Shinui supported participation in the Geneva Talks - long before the Government of Israel belatedly adopted this stand, after much political damage was done to Israel. b. The Economy * The need to progress towards more economic independence has become Israel's primary goal. The continuation of our helplessness in the fields of production and labor relations, the constant worsening of the balance of payments and deficit budgeting will restrict our manoeuvering ability and our freedom of political action. These ills will cause massive unemployment and will result in a real shortage of many basic commodities, with the depletion of our dollar reserves. Foreign loans and grants don't come without strings attached. * Shinui stands for a just distribution of the burden by means of a fair salary for the country's employees, balanced taxation and the eradication of favoritism. The Government must immediately lay its hands on all tax evaders and strictly punish all possessors of "black capital". * Shinui demanded and set the example and the drive for the tax reform, which has now been partially accepted. But this is not enough. Our economists have recently prepared a three-year program, designed to increase production for export and to replace imported goods with local products. * Shinui advocates a radical reform of our shattered labor relations, principally in the bottlenecks of monopolistic utilities and services; a massive reduction in unnecessary public and private services; realistic taxation and the placing of all economic units on a profit basis. * Shinui was the first to propose giving preference to production by creating conditions which would transfer workers from the services to production. Our ideas have been "adopted" by others but have still not been implemented. Lip service is not enough. * The ideas are all acknowledged as valid. What is needed is courage and the ability to act without regard for considerations of popularity. c. Social and Domestic Affairs * The present policy of handi.1g out welfare payments which has entrenched the social gap, should be replaced by a policy of rehabilitation and education in order to arrive at an equal opportunity for all. Improving the situation of the deprived portion of population whould be accomplished on three levels: assuring basic living conditions and a minimum income, to prevent poverty which, in the year, 1976, still exists in Israel; creating a decent and open public atmosphere, which prevents discrimination but, at the same time generates the feeling that it is possible to exist from the fruits of one's labor; and education - in all its

5 stages. which will lay the foundation for developing a full potential and the ability to break away from imagined! inferiority and thus achieve true integration in society. * Shinui demands the establishment of a Constitution in order to consolidate and assure the principles of Governnnent and its authority as well as the basic rights of the individual. Shinui calls for a change in the elect,oral system in order to strengthen the influence of the electorate on the el1~cted and the direct responsibility of the latter to the former. * Shinui stands for the Rule of Law and the enforcement of laws, for an all out war against every evidence of violence and lawbreaking.

DOES SHINUI HAVE A CHANCE?

Despite the problems which derive principally from the hesitancy of the public, there are great hopes, originating in the belief in your ability - in our ability to change. We are guided by the following: * 1. Against the background of what happened to us in the Yorn Kippur War and in the light of the harsh reality in which Israel finds herself today, we will never forgive ourselves if we do nc>t try to act to free ourselves from the feeling of despair and weakness. * 2. Many are convinced that politics is a "dirty business", which should be left to minor league officials or, at best, ~; hould affiliate themselves with an established party. All who have tried to act horn within the parties have discovered that it is impossible to make things molve. Those who believed they could, were pushed aside or they despaired anld left. Among our members there are many who tried to act "from within" ar~d who came up against the solid walls of various nominating committees. * 3. Any possible alternative to demo<:'ratic action would be much worse. The alternative to qualitative change through democratic processes could result in the establishment of a dictatorship - a possibility that, out of despair, is occasionally raised today. To our minds, a regime of this type is objectionable from every point of view, negates the basic purpose for which the State was established and will surely lose us such support as we still have in the Western World. * A real change cannot come from either side of the existing Establishment - the Coalition or the Opposition - because of their inability to fight the illness they themselves have brought about. Only a movement that is not a partner to, or responsible for, the existing situation can bring about a change and do what we all know must be done. * Shinui appeals to a wide and diverse public and it has a large electral potential. According to many public opinion polls, forty percent of the Israeli public has no party affiliation or inclination. Shinui appeals first and foremost to this large

6 public. It is impossible to learn anything from the past as far as Shinui is concerned, as there never was a movement like ours in Israel, and never was there such an obvious need for its eJ

IN ORDER TO ESTABLISH A BROA01 POLITICAL FRAMEWORK, WE NEED YOU

* Many have good ideas. Shinui believes in its ability to fight to translate these ideas and principles into action. Shi nui has no economic interest for itself and its members are not professional polliticians. For them, the Knesset seat is not an end but a means towards improving Israeli society. * Without the customary public and UJA funds, Shinui has succeeded in surviving, growing and exerting influence. We probed the maner of party financing, and turned it into a maner of prime public importance. Shinui forced the Jewish Agency to re-examine the matter of giving grants to political parties in Israel. Our initiative on giving priority to production was adopted by Ministers and bodies in both the Coalition and the! Opposition. This is only the beginning of the road. We cannot promise you anlything but hard work - for which there is no substitute. • We cannot allow ourselves the luxur'y of sining on the fence and criticizing others. If you wish to stop talking and begin doing, if you are tired of grumbling and complaining, if you are ready t(~ act for a better society, join Shinui - as a member with equal rights. Without 1 ~ou, it will be hard for us. With, we shall succeed.

Please telephone us or return the encloselct slip, and we will contact you. ------Shinui Movement for Social and Political Reform 97 Ben Yehuda Street Date ____ Tel Aviv Tel. 235698

I am interested in:

( ) Supporting Shinui ( ) Participating in a Home Gathering ( ) Joining Shinui ( ) Extending Hospitality to a Home Gathering

Name _____. ______Address

Tel.------Council Members - Shinui Movement All elected by personal, secret ballot

,. Agassi, Nissim Givatyim 31. Jonah, Na' im - Jerusalem 2 . Alon, Moshe Nazareth Elite 32. Kariv, Rafi - Tel Aviv • 3. Alster, Yoram Ramat Hasharon 33. Karnon, Arie - Ramat Gan 4 . Asnat, Ami Tel Aviv 34. Kassovitz, Michael - Haifa • 5. Barli, Dan - Tel Aviv 35. Kessary, Gil - Tel Aviv 6. Bashan, Yoav - Beersheva 36. Kinreich, Eliezer - Ramat Hasharon • 7. Ben David Moshe - Tel Aviv 37. Lavi, Arie - Bat Yam 8. Ben-Har, Ephraim Rehovoth *38. Meitar, Zvi Kiryat Ono 9. Berger, Michael Jerusalem 39. Meroz, Michael Hod Hasharon 10. Bernstein, Yona Nazareth Elite 40. Noy, Joachim Herz Ii a 11. Bibro, Dan Ranaana 41. Ne'eman, Ehud R ishon-le-Zion 12. Blumenfeld. Raphael- Tel Aviv 42. Oren, Alexander Ramat Hasharon *13. Bracha, Baruch - Bat Yam 43. Poraz, Avraham - Tel Aviv 14. Cohen, Vair - Herzlia *44. Raphael, Amnon Ramat Gan 15. Cohen, Yehuda - Jerusalem 45. Reiner, Michael - Haifa 16. Dlayahu, Emanuel - Tel Aviv 46. Rishpi, Danya - Ramat Hasharon 17. Eisenberg, Yaakov - Netanya *47. Rotlevi, Vair - Tel Aviv 18. Evyatar, Yoel - Tel Aviv *48. Rubinstein, Amnon - Tel Aviv 19. Fislh: Ben Ami - Holon •49, Salomon, Avraham - Carmiel 20. Friedman, Daniel - Tel Aviv 50. Schoken, Amos - Tel Aviv 21. Friedman, Tuvia - Jerusalem 51. Schwartz, Hava - Haifa 22. Galon, Elisha - Ramat Hasharon 52. Segev, Giora - Beersheva 23. Goldstein, Mordecai - Haifa 53. Shachar, Gary - Aamot Hashavi m 24. Goren, Yehoshua - Tel Aviv 54. Shafir, Dov - Haifa 25. Gutterman, Amiram - Petah Tikva 55. Shek, Vgal - Ashdod 26. Harpaz, Alexander Bat Yam 56. Talbar, Ziva - Jerusalem *27. Herzog, Esther - Michmoret 57. Weigert, Gideon - Jerusalem 28. Hirsch, Yaakov - Ranaana 58. Weisberger, Yehuda - Ramat Gan 29. Hirsch, Yehudit - Jerusalem *59. Wertheimer, Zeev - Nahariya 30. Holin, Gideon - Kfar Shmaryahu *60. Virshubsky, Mordecai - Tel Aviv 61. Shkedi. lsser - Pardess Hanna *Members of the Executive Committee ------

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