DOCSLIB.ORG

Decomposing Partial Wh-Movement in Shona

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Decomposing Partial Wh-Movement in Shona Introduction Bantu Wh-Questions Island Effects Shona Islands Composite Derivation Conclusion References Decomposing partial wh-movement in Shona Jason Zentz Yale University Queens College March 16, 2015 1 / 37 Introduction Bantu Wh-Questions Island Effects Shona Islands Composite Derivation Conclusion References Wh-questions scopal thematic (1) What do Youyou think I found mywhat phone yesterday.? The what is interpreted in two positions: I It fulfills the thematic role of the “findee.” I It takes scope over the whole sentence, turning it into a question. 2 / 37 Introduction Bantu Wh-Questions Island Effects Shona Islands Composite Derivation Conclusion References Wh-question formation strategies (2) Full wh-movement in English What do you think [cp we found ]? (3) Wh-in-situ in Mandarin Chinese Huǎngróng xiāngxìn [cp Guójìng mǎile shěnme]? Huangrong believe Guojing bought what ‘What does Huangrong believe that Guojing bought?’ (Cheng 2009: 770 (9)) (4) Right-peripheral wh-phrase in American Sign Language IX2 BUY YESTERDAY WHAT you buy yesterday what ‘What did you buy yesterday?’ (Abner 2011: 25 (5a)) 3 / 37 Introduction Bantu Wh-Questions Island Effects Shona Islands Composite Derivation Conclusion References Wh-question formation strategies (5) Wh-copying in Romani Kas o Demìri mislinola [cp kas i Arìfa dikhla ]? who the Demir think who the Arifa saw ‘Who(m) does Demir think Arifa saw?’ (McDaniel 1989: 569 n.5 (ii)) (6) Partial wh-movement in Singaporean Malay Kamu percaya [cp ke mana Mary pergi ]? you believe to where Mary go ‘Where do you believe Mary went?’ (Cole & Hermon 1998: 225 (3b)) 4 / 37 Introduction Bantu Wh-Questions Island Effects Shona Islands Composite Derivation Conclusion References Main idea Question: In a language that has several wh-question strategies, are they all derived in different ways, or can we reduce the number of independent mechanisms neededto explain them? Claim: In Shona, a Bantu language spoken by about 14 million people in Zimbabwe and Mozambique, partial wh-movement is a composite of wh-in-situ and full wh-movement. 5 / 37 Introduction Bantu Wh-Questions Island Effects Shona Islands Composite Derivation Conclusion References Roadmap Bantu wh-questions Island effects as a diagnostic for movement Island sensitivity in Shona Composite derivation of Shona partial wh-movement Conclusion 6 / 37 Introduction Bantu Wh-Questions Island Effects Shona Islands Composite Derivation Conclusion References Outline Bantu wh-questions Island effects as a diagnostic for movement Island sensitivity in Shona Composite derivation of Shona partial wh-movement Conclusion 7 / 37 Introduction Bantu Wh-Questions Island Effects Shona Islands Composite Derivation Conclusion References Croatian Russian Russian Russian Asturian Occitan French Croatian Bosnian Serbian Russian Serbian Bulgarian Croatian Serbian Aranese GasconFrench Croatian Serbian Balkan Romani Galician Serbian Balkan Romani Bulgarian Catalan-Valencian-Balear Gheg Albanian Balkan Romani Osetin Aragonese Bulgarian Corsican Serbian Osetin French Serbian Catalan-Valencian-Balear CroatianArbereshe Albanian Gheg Albanian Gheg Albanian Macedonian Osetin Galician Italian Macedonian Bulgarian Mirandese Bohtan Neo-Aramaic Corsican Aromanian Bulgarian Armenian Judeo-Tat Megleno Romanian Sassarese Sardinian Aromanian Ladino Muslim Tat Gallurese Sardinian Pontic Sassarese SardinianGallurese Sardinian Greek Aromanian Armenian Slavic Aromanian Logudorese Sardinian Tosk AlbanianAromanian Northern Kurdish Northern Kurdish Northern Kurdish Fala Spanish Aromanian Greek Northern Kurdish Aromanian Armenian Catalan-Valencian-Balear Northern Kurdish Campidanese Sardinian Greek Portuguese Kirmanjki Extremaduran Northern Kurdish Arbereshe Albanian Armenian Ta ly sh Dimli Northern Kurdish Northern Kurdish Arvanitika Albanian Armenian Barranquian Greek Arvanitika Albanian Ta ly sh Arbereshe Albanian Arbereshe Albanian Arvanitika Albanian Sicilian Turoyo Assyrian Neo-Aramaic North Mesopotamian Spoken Arabic Gilaki Arvanitika Albanian Mesopotamian Spoken ArabicNorth Mesopotamian Spoken Arabic Gurani Kabatei Northern Kurdish Northern Kurdish Mazanderani Chenoua Northern Kurdish Armenian Kabyle North Levantine Spoken Arabic English Maltese Mesopotamian Spoken Arabic Assyrian Neo-Aramaic Northern KurdishNajdi Spoken Arabic Koy Sanjaq Surat Ta rifi t Maltese Central Kurdish Central Kurdish Ta ch aw i t Tunisian Spoken Arabic Greek Cypriot Spoken Arabic Armenian Najdi Spoken Arabic Algerian Spoken Arabic Greek North Levantine Spoken Arabic Alviri-Vidari Ta rifi t Vafsi North Mesopotamian Spoken Arabic Najdi Spoken Arabic Western Farsi Moroccan Spoken Arabic Mesopotamian Spoken Arabic Northern Luri North Levantine Spoken Arabic Southern Kurdish Laki Shilha Western Neo-Aramaic Judeo-Moroccan Arabic Shilha Southern Kurdish Moroccan Spoken Arabic Te ma c ine Ta ma z ig ht Laki Central Atlas Tamazight South Levantine Spoken Arabic Levantine Bedawi Spoken Arabic Northern Luri Central Atlas Tamazight Tumzabt Najdi Spoken Arabic Dezfuli Bakhtiari South Levantine Spoken Arabic Central Atlas Tamazight Tagargrent Nafusi Mesopotamian Spoken Arabic Domari Najdi Spoken Arabic South Levantine Spoken ArabicHebrewLevantine Bedawi Spoken Arabic South Levantine Spoken Arabic Greek Western Egyptian Bedawi Spoken Arabic Levantine Bedawi Spoken Arabic Mesopotamian Spoken Arabic Egyptian Spoken Arabic Southern Luri Algerian Saharan Spoken Arabic Tachelhit Central Atlas Tamazight Gulf Spoken Arabic Ghadames Najdi Spoken Arabic Eastern Egyptian Bedawi Spoken Arabic Gulf Spoken Arabic Western Farsi Korandje Najdi Spoken Arabic Tachelhit Ta zn at it Sawknah Awjilah Siwi Gulf Spoken Arabic Libyan Spoken Arabic Moroccan Spoken Arabic Tidikelt Tamazight Moroccan Spoken Arabic Tidikelt Tamazight Gulf Spoken Arabic Gulf Spoken Arabic Baharna Spoken Arabic Baharna Spoken Arabic Saidi Spoken Arabic Najdi Spoken Arabic Gulf Spoken Arabic Hassaniyya Arabic Nobiin Tahaggart Tamahaq Hijazi Spoken Arabic Tahaggart Tamahaq Nobiin Tedaga Hassaniyya Hasanya Arabic Tedaga Ta ma s he q Tahaggart Tamahaq Bilma Kanuri Bedawiyet Kenuzi-Dongola Gulf Spoken Arabic Bilma Kanuri Tigre Gulf Spoken Arabic Ta ma ja q Algerian Saharan Spoken Arabic Ta ya rt Ta m aj eq Koyraboro Senni Songhay Dazaga Zenaga Wolof Ta sa w aq Tadaksahak Dazaga Hassaniyya Arabic Zaghawa Tigre Pulaar Koyra Chiini Songhay Tedaga Mehri Bedawiyet Sanaani Spoken Arabic Bilen Hadrami Spoken Arabic Tiemacewe Bozo Wolof Zarmaci Ta w al la mm at Ta ma ja q Humburi Senni Songhay Ta ma ja q Libyan Spoken Arabic Pulaar Soninke Zaghawa Nara Laalaa Soninke Soninke Bondum Dom DogonTo ro Teg u D o go n Tigrigna Pulaar Jenaama Bozo Central-Eastern Niger Fulfulde Noon Soninke Jenaama Bozo SonghaySonghay Shuwa Arabic Amdang Midob Kunama Saho Saafi-Saafi Kagoro Jamsay Dogon Shuwa Arabic Kagoro Kunama Kolum So DogonNortheastern Burkina Faso FulfuldeSonghay Chadian Spoken Arabic Ta ma Serer-SineSerer-Sine Xaasongaxango Kagoro Hausa Tumari Kanuri Adamawa Fulfulde Kagoro Maasina Fulfulde Jenaama BozoTene Kan Dogon Songhay Manga Kanuri Maba Mararit Saho Soninke Kagoro Ta ma Serer-SineWolofGambian Wolof Tieyaxo BozoTo mo Ka n D og on Koromfe Koromfe Zarma Western Maninkakan Kagoro Kanembu Assangori Tigrigna Gambian WolofPulaar Hainyaxo Bozo Western Niger Fulfulde Central Kanuri Afar Taizzi-Adeni Spoken Arabic MandinkaPulaar MarkaPanaMaya Samo MandjakMandinka Kagoro Buduma Kendeje Sudanese Spoken Arabic Western ManinkakanWestern Maninkakan Bomu Matya Samo Masalit Manga Kanuri Yedina Mpade Masmaje Karanga Masalit Pulaar Northern Bobo MadareMarka Surbakhal Jola-Fonyi Gourmanchema Duwai Shuwa Arabic Naba Mubi Karon Mandinka Bedik Northern Bobo MadareSouthern Samo Moore Tedaga Dar Sila Daju Fur Qimant Pulaar Oniyan Kita Maninkakan Bade Kano-Katsina-Bororro Fulfulde Dar Daju Daju Karanga Adamawa Fulfulde Jola-KasaMankanya Mandinka Mamara Senoufo Zarma Wamey JalungaJalunga Konabere Marka Lyele Zarma Sinyar Dair Xamtanga Jola-KasaBayotMandjak Gourmanchema Hausa Mpade Jaya Migaama Kajakse Dar Fur Daju Pulaar Bassari YalunkaPular Marka Northern Nuni Gourmanchema Central Kanuri Mser Morom Dar Sila Daju Kadaru Ta go i Tingal Awngi Jola-Felupe Jalunga Bolon Hausa Zarma Birgit KarkoAma Afar Balanta-Kentohe Shuwa ArabicLagwan Central Kanuri Bidiyo Sinyar El Hugeirat Kadaru Te ga li Bamanankan Nanerige Senoufo Buamu Winye Hausa Gwamhi-Wuri Karekare Kenga PapelMankanyaPular Dagaari Dioula Dendi Ngizim Wali Koalib Amharic Afar Supyire Senoufo Zarma Dendi Kano-Katsina-Bororro FulfuldeChadian Spoken ArabicMogum Fongoro Ghulfan Ta go i BidyogoBidyogo Biafada Pular Southern Bobo Madare Southern Nuni Bissa ut-Ma’inClela Kibet Gaam Gumuz Landoma Dendi Ngamo Wandala Central Kanuri Sokoro Dar Fur Daju KeigaHeiban PhuieSissala Kasem Moba Gourmanchema Shanga DiriWarji Marghi Central Saba To ram Fur Borna Somali Bidyogo NaluNalu Sicite SenoufoSeeku Ninkare Central Kanuri Bagirmi TulishiKeiga Aka Northern Dagara Gourmanchema Mokole Hun-Saare Kudu-CamoMiya Bole CibakPutai Adamawa Fulfulde Tira Berta NaluNalu Eastern Maninkakan Duungooma Kasem Kusaal Musgu Barein BolgoChadian Spoken Arabic Katcha-Kadugli-Miri Logol Kelo Gumuz Awngi Landoma Viemo Farefare Biali Borgu FulfuldeBokoCishinginiTsuvadiBaangi Lame Siri Maaka Marghi South MoloBurun Nalu Kakabe Senara SenoufoTurka Jula Moba Mala GeraDeno Adamawa FulfuldeMusgu Sarua Koke Zan GulaBon Gula Runga Shatt Tumtum Ko Borna Argobba Baga Sitemu Kakabe Southern Dagaare Buli Waama Reshe Eastern Acipa Bura-Pabir Krongo Syenara Senoufo Kurama AmoNigerian FulfuldeGiiwo
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Some Principles of the Use of Macro-Areas Language Dynamics &A
    Online Appendix for Harald Hammarstr¨om& Mark Donohue (2014) Some Principles of the Use of Macro-Areas Language Dynamics & Change Harald Hammarstr¨om& Mark Donohue The following document lists the languages of the world and their as- signment to the macro-areas described in the main body of the paper as well as the WALS macro-area for languages featured in the WALS 2005 edi- tion. 7160 languages are included, which represent all languages for which we had coordinates available1. Every language is given with its ISO-639-3 code (if it has one) for proper identification. The mapping between WALS languages and ISO-codes was done by using the mapping downloadable from the 2011 online WALS edition2 (because a number of errors in the mapping were corrected for the 2011 edition). 38 WALS languages are not given an ISO-code in the 2011 mapping, 36 of these have been assigned their appropri- ate iso-code based on the sources the WALS lists for the respective language. This was not possible for Tasmanian (WALS-code: tsm) because the WALS mixes data from very different Tasmanian languages and for Kualan (WALS- code: kua) because no source is given. 17 WALS-languages were assigned ISO-codes which have subsequently been retired { these have been assigned their appropriate updated ISO-code. In many cases, a WALS-language is mapped to several ISO-codes. As this has no bearing for the assignment to macro-areas, multiple mappings have been retained. 1There are another couple of hundred languages which are attested but for which our database currently lacks coordinates.
    [Show full text]
  • The Use of the Augment in Nguni Languages with Special Reference to the Referentiality of the Noun Eva-Marie Bloom Ström & Matti Miestamo
    [Draft, August 2020; to appear in Lutz Marten, Rozenn Guérois, Hannah Gibson & Eva-Marie Bloom-Ström (eds), Morphosyntactic Variation in Bantu. Oxford: Oxford University Press.] The use of the augment in Nguni languages with special reference to the referentiality of the noun Eva-Marie Bloom Ström & Matti Miestamo Abstract This chapter examines the use of the augment, a prefix preceding the noun class prefix, in a number of language varieties in the Nguni subgroup of Bantu languages. The study of these closely related varieties, which show striking similarities as well as differences in the use of the augment, gives new insights into developmental tendencies of the augment. All contexts in which the augment can be omitted are non-fact contexts. Contrary to what has previously been argued for some varieties, however, we find that the presence vs. absence of the augment does not mark a referentiality distinction. It is argued that referentiality constitutes a semantic and pragmatic explanation to the absence and presence of the augment in different contexts in a diachronic perspective, but that this function is eroded in present-day Nguni. What remains is a limited referentiality distinction for some speakers in some varieties. The loss of function explains why the augment is included in the noun in nearly all contexts in some varieties, and omitted everywhere in others. Due to its loss of function, the augment has become free to participate in sociolinguistic and stylistic variation in some Bantu languages. Key-words: negation, non-fact, referentiality, augment, morphosyntax, Nguni 1. Introduction The aim of this paper is to explore the connection between the use of a nominal prefix in Bantu referred to as the augment1 and (non-)referentiality, such as has been claimed to exist in Swati: 2 (1) a.
    [Show full text]
  • Travelling Hierarchies: Roads in and out of Slave Status in a Central Malian Fulbe Network Pelckmans, L
    Travelling hierarchies: roads in and out of slave status in a Central Malian Fulbe network Pelckmans, L. Citation Pelckmans, L. (2011). Travelling hierarchies: roads in and out of slave status in a Central Malian Fulbe network. Leiden: African Studies Centre. Retrieved from https://hdl.handle.net/1887/17911 Version: Not Applicable (or Unknown) License: Leiden University Non-exclusive license Downloaded from: https://hdl.handle.net/1887/17911 Note: To cite this publication please use the final published version (if applicable). Travelling hierarchies African Studies Centre African Studies Collection, Vol. 34 Travelling hierarchies Roads in and out of slave status in a Central Malian Fulɓe network Lotte Pelckmans African Studies Centre P.O. Box 9555 2300 RB Leiden The Netherlands [email protected] http://www.ascleiden.nl Cover design: Heike Slingerland Cover photo: Humoristic painting about the difficulties on the road, handpainted by Bamako- based artist L. Kante Photographs: Lotte Pelckmans Maps drawn by Nel de Vink Printed by Ipskamp Drukkers, Enschede ISSN: 1876-018X ISBN: 978-90-5448-105-8 © Lotte Pelckmans, 2011 Contents List of maps, photos, images, tables and figures viii Acknowledgments: Some words of thanks and belonging x Notes on transliteration and orthography xv INTRODUCTION 1 Setting the scene 1 Questions and eyebrows raised 3 Emic notions guiding the research problematic 7 The Road: Trajectories in and out of the cultural field of hierarchy 14 Methodological considerations 16 The Rope, the Head and the Road in anthropological debates 18 Zooming in: An overview of the chapters 30 1. PRESENT(-ED) PASTS 33 A disturbing past 33 The formation of hierarchies in the Haayre region 35 Contested histories 49 Conclusions: Presenting the past over time 63 2.
    [Show full text]
  • Numbers 1 to 100
    Numbers 1 to 100 PDF generated using the open source mwlib toolkit. See http://code.pediapress.com/ for more information. PDF generated at: Tue, 30 Nov 2010 02:36:24 UTC Contents Articles −1 (number) 1 0 (number) 3 1 (number) 12 2 (number) 17 3 (number) 23 4 (number) 32 5 (number) 42 6 (number) 50 7 (number) 58 8 (number) 73 9 (number) 77 10 (number) 82 11 (number) 88 12 (number) 94 13 (number) 102 14 (number) 107 15 (number) 111 16 (number) 114 17 (number) 118 18 (number) 124 19 (number) 127 20 (number) 132 21 (number) 136 22 (number) 140 23 (number) 144 24 (number) 148 25 (number) 152 26 (number) 155 27 (number) 158 28 (number) 162 29 (number) 165 30 (number) 168 31 (number) 172 32 (number) 175 33 (number) 179 34 (number) 182 35 (number) 185 36 (number) 188 37 (number) 191 38 (number) 193 39 (number) 196 40 (number) 199 41 (number) 204 42 (number) 207 43 (number) 214 44 (number) 217 45 (number) 220 46 (number) 222 47 (number) 225 48 (number) 229 49 (number) 232 50 (number) 235 51 (number) 238 52 (number) 241 53 (number) 243 54 (number) 246 55 (number) 248 56 (number) 251 57 (number) 255 58 (number) 258 59 (number) 260 60 (number) 263 61 (number) 267 62 (number) 270 63 (number) 272 64 (number) 274 66 (number) 277 67 (number) 280 68 (number) 282 69 (number) 284 70 (number) 286 71 (number) 289 72 (number) 292 73 (number) 296 74 (number) 298 75 (number) 301 77 (number) 302 78 (number) 305 79 (number) 307 80 (number) 309 81 (number) 311 82 (number) 313 83 (number) 315 84 (number) 318 85 (number) 320 86 (number) 323 87 (number) 326 88 (number)
    [Show full text]
  • Gazetteer Service - Application Profile of the Web Feature Service Best Practice
    Best Practices Document Open Geospatial Consortium Approval Date: 2012-01-30 Publication Date: 2012-02-17 External identifier of this OGC® document: http://www.opengis.net/doc/wfs-gaz-ap ® Reference number of this OGC document: OGC 11-122r1 Version 1.0 ® Category: OGC Best Practice Editors: Jeff Harrison, Panagiotis (Peter) A. Vretanos Gazetteer Service - Application Profile of the Web Feature Service Best Practice Copyright © 2012 Open Geospatial Consortium To obtain additional rights of use, visit http://www.opengeospatial.org/legal/ Warning This document defines an OGC Best Practices on a particular technology or approach related to an OGC standard. This document is not an OGC Standard and may not be referred to as an OGC Standard. This document is subject to change without notice. However, this document is an official position of the OGC membership on this particular technology topic. Document type: OGC® Best Practice Paper Document subtype: Application Profile Document stage: Approved Document language: English OGC 11-122r1 Contents Page 1 Scope ..................................................................................................................... 13 2 Conformance ......................................................................................................... 14 3 Normative references ............................................................................................ 14 4 Terms and definitions ........................................................................................... 15 5 Conventions
    [Show full text]
  • Segmental Phonology
    CHAPTER 4 SEGMENTAL PHONOLOGY Larry Hyman INTRODUCTION As in other parts of the grammar, Bantu segmental phonology can be characterised as a theme and variations: despite the large number of languages and great geographic expanse that they cover, the most noteworthy properties concerning Bantu syllable structure, con- sonant/vowel inventories and phonological processes are robustly attested throughout the Bantu zone. These shared features, although striking, however mask a wide range of differences which are equally, if not more, important in understanding Bantu phonology in general. It is helpful in this regard to consider both the phonological system inherited from Proto-Bantu, as well as the innovations, often areally diffused, which characterise present-day Bantu subgroups and individual languages. 1 PROTO-BANTU According to most Bantuists, e.g., Meeussen (1967), Proto-Bantu (PB) had the relatively simple consonant and vowel systems in (1): (1) a consonants b vowels (long and short) p t c k i u b d j g ɩ ʊ m n ɲ ɛ ɔ a Of the two series of oral consonants in (1a), all scholars agree that the voiceless series *p, *t, *k were pronounced as stops. There is, however, disagreement as to whether *b *d *g should be reconstructed as a parallel voiced stop series or as voiced continuants, i.e., *β *l *ɣ, as they are pronounced in many daughter languages today. It also is not clear whether *c and *j should be viewed as palatal stops or affricates – or whether they were palatal at all. Many Bantu languages realise *c as /s/, and some realise *j as /z/.
    [Show full text]
  • Republic of Mali
    Coor din ates: 1 7 °N 4 °W Mali Mali (/ mɑ li/ ( listen); French pronu nciation: [mali]), ˈ ː Republic of Mali officially the Republic of Mali (French: République du Mali), is a landlocked country in West Africa, a region République du Mali (French) geologically identified with the West African Craton. Mali is Mali ka Fasojamana (Bambara) the eighth-largest country in Africa, with an area of just over 1,240,000 square kilometres (480,000 sq mi). The population of Mali is 18 million.[7] Its capital is Bamako. Mali consists of eight regions and its borders on the north reach deep into the middle of the Sahara Desert, while the country's southern part, where the majority of inhabitants Flag Coat of arms live, features the Niger and Senegal rivers. The country's Motto: "Un peuple, un but, une economy centers on agriculture and mining. Some of Mali's foi" (French) prominent natural resources include gold, being the third "One people, one goal, one faith" [8] largest producer of gold in the African continent, and Anthem: Le Mali (French)[1] salt.[9] Present-day Mali was once part of three West African empires that controlled trans-Saharan trade: the Ghana Empire, the Mali Empire (for which Mali is named), and the Songhai Empire. During its golden age, there was a flourishing of mathematics, astronomy, literature, and art.[10][11] At its peak in 1300, the Mali Empire covered an area about twice the size of modern-day France and stretched to the west coast of Africa.[12] In the late 19th century, during the Scramble for Africa, France seized control of Mali, making it a part of French Sudan.
    [Show full text]
  • Fall Statistics
    Fall Statistics (Formerly Survey of English Learners) • English Learners Receiving Direct English Learner Services • Former English Learners • Student Background Languages • Student Birth Countries Office of English Learners Learners English of Office Population Figures as of September 30, 2019 Department of Teaching and Learning and Teaching of Department Language Services Registration Center Center Registration Services Language Fall Statistics September 30, 2019 Table of Contents School Page Section Description Table or Figure Title Level English Learners & Total Arlington Public Elementary English Learners Receiving Direct Services 1 Table 1 Elementary Schools Population, Historical 2019, 2018, 2017, and 2016 English Learners & Total Arlington Public Secondary English Learners Receiving Direct Services 2 Table 2 Secondary Schools Population, Historical 2019, 2018, 2017, and 2016 Elementary & Current and Former English Learner Current and Former English Learner Figures Compared with the 3-4 Table 3 Secondary Figures and General Population General APS Population (Pre-K through High School) Languages by School of Students attending Arlington Public Schools Elementary Students by Background 5-7 Table 4 Elementary Pre-K through Grade 5 Language and School (PreK through Grade 5) Languages by School of APS Students Arlington Public Schools Secondary Students by Background 8-9 Table 5 Secondary attending Grades 6 through 13, and 77 - Adult Language and School (Grades 6 through 13, and 77 – Adult) Birth Country by School of Students Arlington
    [Show full text]
  • Bangime: Secret Language, Language Isolate, Or Language Island? Abbie Hantgan, Johann-Mattis List
    Bangime: Secret Language, Language Isolate, or Language Island? Abbie Hantgan, Johann-Mattis List To cite this version: Abbie Hantgan, Johann-Mattis List. Bangime: Secret Language, Language Isolate, or Language Island?. 2018. hal-01867003 HAL Id: hal-01867003 https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01867003 Preprint submitted on 3 Sep 2018 HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est archive for the deposit and dissemination of sci- destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents entific research documents, whether they are pub- scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, lished or not. The documents may come from émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de teaching and research institutions in France or recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires abroad, or from public or private research centers. publics ou privés. Bangime: Secret Language, Language Isolate, or Language Island? Abbie Hantgan1* and Johann-Mattis List2 1 Dynamique du Langage, Lyon 2 Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History, Jena .* corresponding author: [email protected] Draft, September 2018, to appear in Journal of Language Contact Abstract We report the results of a qualitative and quantitative lexical comparison between Bangime and neigh- boring languages. Our results indicate that the status of the language as an isolate remains viable, and that Bangime speakers have had different levels of language contact with other Malian populations at dif- ferent time periods. Bangime speakers, the Bangande, claim Dogon ancestry, and the language has both recent borrowings from neighboring Dogon varieties and more rooted vocabulary from Dogon languages spoken to the east from whence the Bangande claim to have come.
    [Show full text]
  • Language and National Security in the 21St Century: the Role of Title VI/Fulbright-Hays in Supporting National Language Capacity
    DOCUMENT RESUME ED 445 516 FL 026 385 AUTHOR Brecht, Richard D.; Rivers, William P. TITLE Language and National Security in the 21st Century: The Role of Title VI/Fulbright-Hays in Supporting National Language Capacity. INSTITUTION National Foreign Language Center, Washington, DC. SPONS AGENCY Department of Education, Washington, DC. ISBN ISBN-0-7872-7041-5 PUB DATE 2000-00-00 NOTE 240p. CONTRACT P0-017A-98002-99; PO -017A- 50002 -96 AVAILABLE FROM Kendall/Hunt Publishing Company, 4050 Westmark Drive, P.O. Box 1840 Dubuque, IA 52002. Tel: 800-228-0810 (Toll Free). PUB TYPE Books (010) Reports Research (143) EDRS PRICE MF01/PC10 Plus Postage. DESCRIPTORS Federal Legislation; Higher Education; *National Security; Politics of Education; Public Policy; *Second Language Instruction; *Second Language Learning IDENTIFIERS Fulbright Hays Act ABSTRACT This study evaluates the language-related programs mandated in the Fulbright-Hays Act of 1961, a federal policy designed to promote national security through the promotion of advanced language training and access of the U.S. government to such expertise. This study has two principal components: a retrospective assessment of the effectiveness of Title VI/Fulbright-Hays (Title VI/F-E1 in :leeting its statutory goals with regard to foreign language; and a look to trio future with recommendations based on current law, past performance, and ar empirically-based assessment of current needs for language in theUnited States. It is concluded that the United States, through Title VI/F-H has sustAined the nation's capacity in less commonly taught languages (LCTLs), many of which have or have had strategic importance.
    [Show full text]
  • Gender and Its Interaction with Number and Evaluative Morphology an Intra- and Intergenealogical Typological Survey of Africa
    Francesca Di Garbo Francesca Gender and its interaction with number and evaluative morphology An intra- and intergenealogical typological survey of Africa Francesca Di Garbo Gender and its interaction with number and evaluative morphology with number and evaluative Gender and its interaction Doctoral Thesis in Linguistics at Stockholm University, Sweden 2014 Gender and its interaction with number and evaluative morphology An intra- and intergenealogical typological survey of Africa Francesca Di Garbo Gender and its interaction with number and evaluative morphology An intra- and intergenealogical typological survey of Africa Francesca Di Garbo c Francesca Di Garbo, Stockholm 2014 ISBN 978-91-7447-952-2 Printed in Sweden by US-AB, Stockholm 2014 Distributor: Department of Linguistics, Stockholm University Cover design: Paolo Cerva Map design: Ljuba Veselinova Calipso: Tu che hai visto l’Oceano, i mostri e l’Eliso, potrai ancora riconoscere le case, le tue case? Odisseo: Tu stessa hai detto che porto l’isola in me. Cesare Pavese, I dialoghi con Leuc`o Abstract This dissertation investigates the interactions between gender and number and gender and eval- uative morphology in a sample of 100 African languages, and provides a method for assessing the role that these interactions play in the grammatical complexity of gender systems. Within the sampling space of one continental area, namely, Africa, in-depth studies of genealogically related languages are combined with large-scale comparison across unrelated genealogical units. The dissertation is organised around three main research foci. First, the dissertation provides a systematic overview of patterns of interaction between gender and number along the following dimensions: exponence, syncretism, indexation, correlations in type of marking, and semantic interactions through gender assignment.
    [Show full text]
  • Keynote and General Session Abstracts
    - é- Verb Doubling vs. the Conjoint/Disjoint Alternation Yukiko Morimoto, Humboldt University, Berlin A subset of Bantu languages (e.g., languages of zones A, B, E, F, H & K) display ‘verb doubling’ – [infinitive verb + identical finite verb] with or without a focus marker (e.g., de Kind et. al 2014). Another subset of Bantu languages (e.g., languages of zones J, M, N, P & S) display the conjoint/disjoint morphology, widely studied in recent Bantu research (van der Wal & Hyman 2015). In the present work, I argue that these seemingly unrelated grammatical forms appearing in different Bantu zones are, in fact, interrelated on the information-structural basis. Verb doubling is often used to express predicate-centered focus – focus on the lexical content of the verb (‘state-of-affairs focus’) or the verb’s operators such as polarity and tense/aspect/modality (‘operator focus’) (e.g., Morimoto 2015). In the conjoint/disjoint alternation, the disjoint form is generally used to express predicate-centered focus, while the conjoint form is the out-of-focus form (e.g., Güldemann 2003, Morimoto 2015). Interestingly, my preliminary investigation suggests that verb doubling and the conjoint/disjoint alternation are in complementary distribution: in the languages of zones A, B, E, F, H & K that display verb doubling, the conjoint/disjoint alternation is not attested; conversely, in the languages of zones J, M, N, P &S, for example, that display the conjoint/disjoint alternation, verb doubling is not observed. This is not surprising if they indeed fulfill a similar discourse function. Another potentially related phenomenon is inversion.
    [Show full text]