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EN 300 468 V1.3.1 (1997-09) European Standard (Telecommunications Series)
Draft EN 300 468 V1.3.1 (1997-09) European Standard (Telecommunications series) Digital Video Broadcasting (DVB); Specification for Service Information (SI) in DVB systems European Broadcasting Union Union Européenne de Radio-Télévision EBU UER European Telecommunications Standards Institute 2 Draft EN 300 468 V1.3.1 (1997-09) Reference REN/JTC-00DVB-43 (4c000j0o.PDF) Keywords DVB, broadcasting, digital, video, MPEG, TV ETSI Secretariat Postal address F-06921 Sophia Antipolis Cedex - FRANCE Office address 650 Route des Lucioles - Sophia Antipolis Valbonne - FRANCE Tel.: +33 4 92 94 42 00 Fax: +33 4 93 65 47 16 Siret N° 348 623 562 00017 - NAF 742 C Association à but non lucratif enregistrée à la Sous-Préfecture de Grasse (06) N° 7803/88 X.400 c= fr; a=atlas; p=etsi; s=secretariat Internet [email protected] http://www.etsi.fr Copyright Notification No part may be reproduced except as authorized by written permission. The copyright and the foregoing restriction extend to reproduction in all media. © European Telecommunications Standards Institute 1997. © European Broadcasting Union 1997. All rights reserved. 3 Draft EN 300 468 V1.3.1 (1997-09) Contents Intellectual Property Rights................................................................................................................................5 Foreword ............................................................................................................................................................5 1 Scope........................................................................................................................................................6 -
2019-20 CEDARS Appendices V12.3
Comprehensive Education Data and Research System (CEDARS) Data Manual Appendices For the 2019-2020 School Year Chris Reykdal State Superintendent of April 2020 – Version 12.3 Public Instruction Office of Superintendent of Public Instruction Old Capitol Building P.O. Box 47200 Olympia, WA 98504-7200 For more information about the contents of this document, please contact: Customer Support, OSPI E-mail: [email protected] Phone: 1-800-725-4311 360-725-6371 This document is available online at: CEDARS Data Manuals This material is available in an alternative format upon request. Contact the Resource Center at (888) 595-3276, TTY (360) 664-3631. CEDARS Appendix for 2019-2020 April 2020 Version 12.3 Page 2 Comprehensive Education Data and Research System (CEDARS) Appendix Manual for the 2019-2020 School Year Chris Reykdal Superintendent of Public Instruction Katie Weaver-Randall Director Student Information CEDARS Appendix for 2019-2020 April 2020 Version 12.3 Page 3 Revisions Made in Current Appendices Version Date Overview Location 12.0 March 2019 New valid values • Appendix J - Student Growth Assessments New course codes • Appendix Q – Advanced Placement and International Baccalaureate Course Codes New Appendix • Appendix AA – Online Provider Codes New Appendix • Appendix AB – Online Program Codes 12.1 September New Display • Appendix M – School Withdrawal 2019 Categories Codes New valid values • Appendix K – Language Codes New course codes • Appendix Q – Advanced Placement and International Baccalaureate Course Codes 12.2 January -
Design a Database of Italian Vascular Alimurgic Flora (Alimurgita): Preliminary Results
plants Article Design a Database of Italian Vascular Alimurgic Flora (AlimurgITA): Preliminary Results Bruno Paura 1,*, Piera Di Marzio 2 , Giovanni Salerno 3, Elisabetta Brugiapaglia 1 and Annarita Bufano 1 1 Department of Agricultural, Environmental and Food Sciences University of Molise, 86100 Campobasso, Italy; [email protected] (E.B.); [email protected] (A.B.) 2 Department of Bioscience and Territory, University of Molise, 86090 Pesche, Italy; [email protected] 3 Graduate Department of Environmental Biology, University “La Sapienza”, 00100 Roma, Italy; [email protected] * Correspondence: [email protected] Abstract: Despite the large number of data published in Italy on WEPs, there is no database providing a complete knowledge framework. Hence the need to design a database of the Italian alimurgic flora: AlimurgITA. Only strictly alimurgic taxa were chosen, excluding casual alien and cultivated ones. The collected data come from an archive of 358 texts (books and scientific articles) from 1918 to date, chosen with appropriate criteria. For each taxon, the part of the plant used, the method of use, the chorotype, the biological form and the regional distribution in Italy were considered. The 1103 taxa of edible flora already entered in the database equal 13.09% of Italian flora. The most widespread family is that of the Asteraceae (20.22%); the most widely used taxa are Cichorium intybus and Borago officinalis. The not homogeneous regional distribution of WEPs (maximum in the south and minimum in the north) has been interpreted. Texts published reached its peak during the 2001–2010 decade. A database for Italian WEPs is important to have a synthesis and to represent the richness and Citation: Paura, B.; Di Marzio, P.; complexity of this knowledge, also in light of its potential for cultural enhancement, as well as its Salerno, G.; Brugiapaglia, E.; Bufano, applications for the agri-food system. -
Standardisation Action Plan for Clarin
Standardisation Action Plan for Clarin State: Proposal to CLARIN community Nuria Bel, Jonas Beskow, Lou Boves, Gerhard Budin, Nicoletta Calzolari, Khalid Choukri, Erhard Hinrichs, Steven Krauwer, Lothar Lemnitzer, Stelios Piperidis, Adam Przepiorkowski, Laurent Romary, Florian Schiel, Helmut Schmidt, Hans Uszkoreit, Peter Wittenburg August 2009 Summary This document describes a proposal for a Standardisation Action Plan (SAP) for the Clarin initiative in close synchronization with other relevant initiatives such as Flarenet, ELRA, ISO and TEI. While Flarenet is oriented towards a broader scope since it is also addressing standards that are typically used in industry, CLARIN wants to be more focussed in its statements to the research domain. Due to the overlap it is agreed that the Flarenet and CLARIN documents on standards need to be closely synchronized. This note covers standards that are generic (XML, UNICODE) as well as standards that are domain specific where naturally the LRT community has much more influence. This Standardization Action Plan wants to give an orientation for all practical work in CLARIN to achieve a harmonized domain of language resources and technology stepwise and therefore its core message is to overcome fragmentation. To meet these goals it wants to keep its message as simple as possible. A web-site will be established that will contain more information about examples, guidelines, explanations, tools, converters and training events such as summer schools. The organization of the document is as follows: • Chapter 1: Introduction to the topic. • Chapter 2: Recommended standards that CLARIN should endorse page 4 • Chapter 3: Standards that are emerging and relevant for CLARIN page 8 • Chapter 4: General guidelines that need to be followed page 12 • Chapter 5: Reference to community practices page 14 • Chapter 6: References This document tries to be short and will give comments, recommendations and discuss open issues for each of the standards. -
Galego As a Nickname in the Portuguese of Santa Catarina: Findings from ALERS
Revista de Estudos da Linguagem, v. 26, n. 3, p. 1227-1276, 2018 Galego as a nickname in the Portuguese of Santa Catarina: findings from ALERS A alcunha galego no português de Santa Catarina: o que revelam os dados do ALERS Fernando Hélio Tavares de Barros Universidade Chistian-Albrechts de Kiel (CAU), Kiel, Schleswig-Holstein / Alemanha [email protected] Lucas Löff Machado Universidade Católica de Eichstätt e Ingolstadt (KU), Eichstätt, Baviera / Alemanha [email protected] Grasiela Veloso dos Santos Heidmann Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso (UFMT), Cuiabá, Mato Grosso / Brasil [email protected] Neusa Inês Philippsen Universidade do Estado de Mato Grosso (UNEMAT, Campus Sinop), Sinop, Mato Grosso / Brasil Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, São Paulo / Brasil [email protected] Resumo: É conhecida a figura dosgalegos no folclore luso-brasileiro. A língua através de suas diversas expressões reflete a Galícia e seus habitantes na memória coletiva dos luso-brasileiros, mesmo que de maneira opaca. O objetivo deste estudo é descrever o uso da alcunha galego no português falado no Estado de Santa Catarina - SC, no sul do Brasil. A perspectiva da onomástica e da geolinguística delineia as bases teóricas dessa investigação. Por meio dos dados levantados e disponibilizados pelo Atlas Linguístico- Etnográfico da Região Sul do Brasil –ALERS, foi possível analisar a pergunta “pessoa que tem cabelos loiros e tez clara, dizemos que é?” (Questionário 3.3.3 – ALERS). O eISSN: 2237-2083 DOI: 10.17851/2237-2083.26.3.1227-1276 1228 Revista de Estudos da Linguagem, v. 26, n. 3, p. 1227-1276, 2018 levantamento lexicográfico dessa forma lexical revelou inicialmente uma diversidade de conteúdos semânticos tanto na Península Ibérica quanto na România Nova. -
Twenty-Four Days in a Village in Southern Italy
Twenty-four Days in a Village in Southern Italy Twenty-four Days in a Village in Southern Italy Ian D’Emilia There were two girls named Giusy. The second was a pretty blonde-haired girl that I met at the pool one afternoon and then never saw again. The first was my cousin she would tell me almost every time I saw her. It was a small town and not many people spoke English. She was visiting for two weeks. I was here with my grandfather for twenty-four days. She lived in Munich. I lived in New Jersey. Apparently we were distant cousins. The first time we met was actually at the Jersey Shore but that was years ago. I remember we rode a tandem bicycle across the boardwalk but I hadn’t known that she was my cousin then. The first night we met in Colle Sannita I told Giusy about this. We were drinking beer out in front of Bar Centrale and I told her that I remembered her from the tandem bicycle at the Jersey Shore. She laughed. She had a crown of red hair sitting atop her head and she had brown eyes. She spoke English with an accent that wasn’t quite German and wasn’t quite Italian. We had drinks together. She ordered a Prosecco with Aperol. I ordered one too. Matter of fact she ordered it for me. We smoked cigarettes together with our other cousins and friends. Later that night she told me that she was glad to see me again because we were cousins. -
Options for a National Culture Symbol of Cameroon: Can the Bamenda Grassfields Traditional Dress Fit?
EAS Journal of Humanities and Cultural Studies Abbreviated Key Title: EAS J Humanit Cult Stud ISSN: 2663-0958 (Print) & ISSN: 2663-6743 (Online) Published By East African Scholars Publisher, Kenya Volume-2 | Issue-1| Jan-Feb-2020 | DOI: 10.36349/easjhcs.2020.v02i01.003 Research Article Options for a National Culture Symbol of Cameroon: Can the Bamenda Grassfields Traditional Dress Fit? Venantius Kum NGWOH Ph.D* Department of History Faculty of Arts University of Buea, Cameroon Abstract: The national symbols of Cameroon like flag, anthem, coat of arms and seal do not Article History in any way reveal her cultural background because of the political inclination of these signs. Received: 14.01.2020 In global sporting events and gatherings like World Cup and international conferences Accepted: 28.12.2020 respectively, participants who appear in traditional costume usually easily reveal their Published: 17.02.2020 nationalities. The Ghanaian Kente, Kenyan Kitenge, Nigerian Yoruba outfit, Moroccan Journal homepage: Djellaba or Indian Dhoti serve as national cultural insignia of their respective countries. The https://www.easpublisher.com/easjhcs reason why Cameroon is referred in tourist circles as a cultural mosaic is that she harbours numerous strands of culture including indigenous, Gaullist or Francophone and Anglo- Quick Response Code Saxon or Anglophone. Although aspects of indigenous culture, which have been grouped into four spheres, namely Fang-Beti, Grassfields, Sawa and Sudano-Sahelian, are dotted all over the country in multiple ways, Cameroon cannot still boast of a national culture emblem. The purpose of this article is to define the major components of a Cameroonian national culture and further identify which of them can be used as an acceptable domestic cultural device. -
Bibliography
Bibliography Many books were read and researched in the compilation of Binford, L. R, 1983, Working at Archaeology. Academic Press, The Encyclopedic Dictionary of Archaeology: New York. Binford, L. R, and Binford, S. R (eds.), 1968, New Perspectives in American Museum of Natural History, 1993, The First Humans. Archaeology. Aldine, Chicago. HarperSanFrancisco, San Francisco. Braidwood, R 1.,1960, Archaeologists and What They Do. Franklin American Museum of Natural History, 1993, People of the Stone Watts, New York. Age. HarperSanFrancisco, San Francisco. Branigan, Keith (ed.), 1982, The Atlas ofArchaeology. St. Martin's, American Museum of Natural History, 1994, New World and Pacific New York. Civilizations. HarperSanFrancisco, San Francisco. Bray, w., and Tump, D., 1972, Penguin Dictionary ofArchaeology. American Museum of Natural History, 1994, Old World Civiliza Penguin, New York. tions. HarperSanFrancisco, San Francisco. Brennan, L., 1973, Beginner's Guide to Archaeology. Stackpole Ashmore, w., and Sharer, R. J., 1988, Discovering Our Past: A Brief Books, Harrisburg, PA. Introduction to Archaeology. Mayfield, Mountain View, CA. Broderick, M., and Morton, A. A., 1924, A Concise Dictionary of Atkinson, R J. C., 1985, Field Archaeology, 2d ed. Hyperion, New Egyptian Archaeology. Ares Publishers, Chicago. York. Brothwell, D., 1963, Digging Up Bones: The Excavation, Treatment Bacon, E. (ed.), 1976, The Great Archaeologists. Bobbs-Merrill, and Study ofHuman Skeletal Remains. British Museum, London. New York. Brothwell, D., and Higgs, E. (eds.), 1969, Science in Archaeology, Bahn, P., 1993, Collins Dictionary of Archaeology. ABC-CLIO, 2d ed. Thames and Hudson, London. Santa Barbara, CA. Budge, E. A. Wallis, 1929, The Rosetta Stone. Dover, New York. Bahn, P. -
Shahmukhi to Gurmukhi Transliteration System: a Corpus Based Approach
Shahmukhi to Gurmukhi Transliteration System: A Corpus based Approach Tejinder Singh Saini1 and Gurpreet Singh Lehal2 1 Advanced Centre for Technical Development of Punjabi Language, Literature & Culture, Punjabi University, Patiala 147 002, Punjab, India [email protected] http://www.advancedcentrepunjabi.org 2 Department of Computer Science, Punjabi University, Patiala 147 002, Punjab, India [email protected] Abstract. This research paper describes a corpus based transliteration system for Punjabi language. The existence of two scripts for Punjabi language has created a script barrier between the Punjabi literature written in India and in Pakistan. This research project has developed a new system for the first time of its kind for Shahmukhi script of Punjabi language. The proposed system for Shahmukhi to Gurmukhi transliteration has been implemented with various research techniques based on language corpus. The corpus analysis program has been run on both Shahmukhi and Gurmukhi corpora for generating statistical data for different types like character, word and n-gram frequencies. This statistical analysis is used in different phases of transliteration. Potentially, all members of the substantial Punjabi community will benefit vastly from this transliteration system. 1 Introduction One of the great challenges before Information Technology is to overcome language barriers dividing the mankind so that everyone can communicate with everyone else on the planet in real time. South Asia is one of those unique parts of the world where a single language is written in different scripts. This is the case, for example, with Punjabi language spoken by tens of millions of people but written in Indian East Punjab (20 million) in Gurmukhi script (a left to right script based on Devanagari) and in Pakistani West Punjab (80 million), written in Shahmukhi script (a right to left script based on Arabic), and by a growing number of Punjabis (2 million) in the EU and the US in the Roman script. -
Multilingual Texting in Senegal
Names U ma puce: multilingual texting in Senegal Kristin Vold Lexander, University of Oslo [email protected] Working paper presented to the Media Anthropology Network e-seminar European Association of Social Anthropologists (EASA) 17-31 May 2011 http://www.media-anthropology.net/ Abstract Multilingualism is an important aspect of African urban life, also of the lives of students in Dakar. While the students usually write monolingual texts, mainly in French, their text messages involve the use of African languages too, in particular of the majority language Wolof, as well as Arabic and English, often mixed in one and the same message. With the rapid rise in the use of mobile phones, texting is becoming increasingly central as a means of communication for the students, and the social network with whom they text is growing. This working paper investigates texting as literacy practices (cf. Barton & Hamilton 1998), putting the accent on language choices: what role do they play in constructing these new practices? What are the motivations and the functions of the students’ languages choices? The analysis is based on six months of fieldwork in Dakar, during which I collected 496 SMS and interviewed and observed the 15 students who had sent and received the messages. I will focus on the practices of three of the students: Baba Yaro, a Fula-speaker born outside Dakar who has come to the Senegalese capital to undertake his studies, Christine, a Joola-speaker born in Dakar, and the Wolof-speaker Ousmane, from the suburb. I argue that in order to manage relationships and express different aspects of their identity, the students both exploit and challenge dominant language attitudes in their texting. -
12 English Dialect Input to the Caribbean
12 English dialect input to the Caribbean 1 Introduction There is no doubt that in the settlement of the Caribbean area by English speakers and in the rise of varieties of English there, the question of regional British input is of central importance (Rickford 1986; Harris 1986). But equally the two other sources of specific features in anglophone varieties there, early creolisation and independent developments, have been given continued attention by scholars. Opinions are still divided on the relative weight to be accorded to these sources. The purpose of the present chapter is not to offer a description of forms of English in the Caribbean – as this would lie outside the competence of the present author, see Holm (1994) for a resum´ e–b´ ut rather to present the arguments for regional British English input as the historical source of salient features of Caribbean formsofEnglish and consider these arguments in the light of recent research into both English in this region and historical varieties in the British Isles. This is done while explicitly acknowledging the role of West African input to forms of English in this region. This case has been argued eloquently and well, since at least Alleyne (1980) whose views are shared by many creolists, e.g. John Rickford. But the aim of the present volume, and specifically of the present chapter, is to consider overseas varieties of English in the light of possible continuity of input formsofEnglish from the British Isles. This concern does not seek to downplay West African input and general processes of creolisation, which of course need to be specified in detail,1 butrather tries to put the case for English input and so complement other views already available in the field. -
French Creole
Comparative perspectives on the origins, development and structure of Amazonian (Karipúna) French Creole Jo-Anne S. Ferreira UWI, St. Augustine/SIL International Mervyn C. Alleyne UWI, Mona/UPR, Río Piedras Together known as Kheuól, Karipúna French Creole (KFC) and Galibi-Marwono French Creole (GMFC) are two varieties of Amazonian French Creole (AFC) spoken in the Uaçá area of northern Amapá in Brazil. Th ey are socio-historically and linguistically connected with and considered to be varieties of Guianese French Creole (GFC). Th is paper focuses on the external history of the Brazilian varieties, and compares a selection of linguistic forms across AFC with those of GFC and Antillean varieties, including nasalised vowels, the personal pronouns and the verbal markers. St. Lucian was chosen as representative of the Antillean French creoles of the South-Eastern Caribbean, including Martinique and Trinidad, whose populations have had a history of contact with those of northern Brazil since the sixteenth century. Data have been collected from both fi eld research and archival research into secondary sources. Introduction Th is study focuses on a group of languages/dialects which are spoken in Brazil, French Guiana and the Lesser Antilles, and to a lesser extent on others spoken in other parts of the Americas (as well as in the Indian Ocean). Th is linguistic group is variously referred to as Creole French, French Creole, French-lexicon Creole, French-lexifi er Creole, French Creole languages/dialects, Haitian/Martiniquan/St. Lucian (etc.) Cre- ole, and more recently by the adjective of the name of the country, particularly in the case of the Haiti (cf.