Acknowledgments Common Core State Standards © 2010. National Governors Association Center Illustration Credits for Best Practices and Council of Chief State School Officers. All rights reserved. All Illustrations by Tim Chi Ly Photography Credits United States coin images (unless otherwise indicated) from the United States Mint Images used under license from Shutterstock.com. Front Cover Danilaleo, Kamira, kool99, Robert Lessman; vi Ekaterina Abrosimova, Markus 263 Bennian, Chones, Bluebloodbkk, nevodka, Maks Narodenko, Eric Isselee, Lisa A. Svara; Mainka; 3 Yellow Cat, Dmitrij Skorobogatov, Triling Studio Ltd; 4 Jiang Hongyan, Elbud, 264 CharacterFamily, Dontree, J.Gatherum, Sergii Tverdokhlibov, Eric Isselee, nelik, LittleMiss; 5 Tom Gowanlock; 6 nuttakit; 8 SnapCraft; 20 Hong Vo, Anton Starikov, Mega Lightspring, Nejron Photo, Gts, oksana2010, Picsfive; 265 Bejim; 267 FocusStocker, Anton Pixel; 39 Kostiantyn Fastov, smilewithjul; 40 Jiang Hongyan, Andrew Burgess, Roberaten; Starikov, Byggarn.se, Hank Shiffman, Mhatzapa; 268 Gts, Digipear, Lennon Schneider, 45 Jajaladdawan; 50 Djmilic, r.classen, Enchanted_fairy; 51 Starikov, Mega Pixel, Insago; mhatzapa; 273 Somporn Wongvichienkul; 281 Gts, Bennian, Maks Narodenko, Mariyana M, 52 Ruth Black; 55 BorisShevchuk; 59 HeinzTeh; 60 OnlyZoia; 65 Two over Two Studio; CharacterFamily; 287 Nenov Brothers Images, Marssanya; 288 Nonnakrit, BWFolsom; 72 KimHD, Preto Perola, Dmitrij Skorobogatov, FocusStocker, Iasha; 79 Photosync, Ispace, 293 Vovan; 301 Vadym Andrushchenko; 303 Beloborod; 305 Laborant, Monticello, marssanya; 80 Wealthylady, showcake; 84 VanReeel; 85 Mardoz; 89 Kaspri; 99 Antpkr; Ugorenkov Aleksandr, pryzmat; 307 redstone; 308 Chones, Bejim; 313 Seregam, MrBright, 100 FocusStocker; 102 cynoclub, r.classen; 104 DenisNata; 105 Cynoclub, Prostock-studio, Bergamont; 314 Hong Vo, Africa Studio; 320 Bergamont; 322 Utekhina Anna; 329 Le Do; Picsfive; 106 artnLera, Vitaly Korovin, Smit, mhatzapa; 111 Zffoto; 115 artnLera, Africa 330 Nik Merkulov, AlenKadr, Irina Rogova; 335 dcwcreations; 340 Eric Isselee, Little Perfect Studio; 119 Smit; 123 mhatzapa, Eric Isselee, liskus; 124 r.classen; 125 mhatzapa, Anita Stoc, Olhastock, Lightspring, Butterfly Hunter, takoburito, DenisNata; 341 FocusStocker, Patterson Peppers, Butterfly Hunter, liskus; 126 Food Travel Stockforlife, Vitaly Zorkin, n7atal7i, Valentina Razumova, stockphoto-graf; 342 Aleksey Stemme, Picsfive, bergamont, showcake; 127 Picsfive; 136–138 ntstudio; 141 artnLera, Ermolaev Alexander; 142 Anton Maks Narodenko, SunshineVector; 343 bergamont, Butterfly Hunter, Lightspring, Picsfive; Starikov, Africa Studio; 147 Smereka; 151 Monkeyoum; 159 Andrew Burgess 161 Tatyana 344 bergamont, Lightspring, Butterfly Hunter, stockphoto-graf; 345 Aleksey Stemme, Vyc; 162 AzriSuratmin; 166 stockcreations; 171 Passakorn Umpornmaha, Glass and Nature, Yellow Cat, N7atal7i; 346 Tatyana Vyc, Topseller, bergamont, Dan Thornberg, FocusStocker; Lightspring, Picsfive, Andrei Kuzmik, Mega Pixel, nehls16321, nelik, Africa Studio, Vorobyeva, 349 Nejron Photo, Angeliki Vel; 350 MyImages – Micha, Lifestudio, Zeligen, Marssanya, oksana2010, Petr Malyshev, Chones; 172 cynoclub, Tatyana Vyc, Tim UR, Chones, Natasha Pankina; 356, 358 Preto Perola; 365 Aleksey Troshin, Africa Studio, ExpressVectors; bergamont, Lisa A. Svara, Eric Isselee, nelik, duangnapa_b; 173 Shebeko, bergamont, 366 Carolyn Franks, Palform, Blue67design, Pukach, Tatiana Popova; 371 Ntstudio; ntstudio, Nataliia K, kittipong kongwatmai, Tsveta Nesheva, Serg64, irin-k, Dora Zett, 380 Madlen, Aleksandr Bagri, Aleksey Troshin; 381 Preto Perola, Madlen, Aleksandr Bagri; Natalia K, Eric Isselee, Lisa A. Svara; 174 HomeArt, pukach, Yellow Cat, Nata_Smilyk art, 382 Danilaleo, Aleksey Troshin, Hurst Photo; 385 Ivonne Wierink, liskus; 386 Fotolotos, vipman’s, Tim UR, bergamont, LZ Image, Danny Smythe, Jjustas Tim UR; 176 William Milner, artnLera; 390 Mile Atanasov, artnLera; 399 xpixel, Eric Isselee; 402 Ivonne Wierink; BalancePhoto, Maksim Toome, Danny Smythe, EHStockphoto, Marisa Lia, Mtsaride, 405 Africa Studio, Olllikeballoon; 406 Thomas Soellner, April Turner; 407 Natasha Pankina; magicoven, Eric Isselee, Dimitris Leonidas, Anest; 177 Denis Pepin, Mega Pixel, 410 Africa Studio; 411 TigerStock’s; 418 Oleksandr Lytvynenko, otsphoto, Rich Carey, aperturesound, Zhukovskaya Elena, Iasha, Vorotylin Roman, Andrei Kuzmik, Chones; StudioSmart, Tsekhmister, JIANG HONGYAN; 420 Tsekhmister, JIANG HONGYAN; 178 nattanan726, Eric Isselee, Glass and Nature, Butterfly Hunter, Passakorn Umpornmaha, 421 suns07butterfly, Kosarev Alexander, Kucher Serhii, Preto Perola; 424 Eric Isselee, Potapov Alexander, photomaster; 180 Preto Perola; 181 Yanugkelid; 182 Piyaset, Preto absolutimages; 425 Dionisvera; 426 Nik Merkulov, Africa Studio; 431 acceptphoto; Perola, Africa Studio; 187 Chloe7992, 190 Charles Shapiro, Pixfiction, Chones, Utekhina 444 Pixfiction;445 Thitisan, liskus, Redchocolate; 446 photka, Drakuliren, primiaou; Anna; 221 Eric Isselee; 224 oksana2010, DenisNata, Timothy Geiss; 228 Mega Pixel, 451 Quang Vu; 457 Nitr, Africa Studio, Anna Kucherova, Eric Isselee, mexrix; 458 Miiisha, Akugasahagy, Evannovostro, urfin, valdis torms, Chones, photogal, Denis Kovin, mhatzapa; loskutnikov, Maslov Dmitr, Aksenova Natalya, Kapustin Igor, Tetiana Rostopira; 459 Picsfive; 233 SomchaiP; 241 Mega Pixel, Tim UR, jeabsam, gmstockstudio, urfin, Chones, Resul 460–461 Prostock-studio, photka, Picsfive; 462 Picsfive;463 Eric Isselee; 465 nevodka, Petr Muslu, Brooke Becker, Mariyana M; 247 Handies Peak, SAPhotog, Ruslan Ivantsov, erashov, Malyshev, Nik Merkulov, Apr-70, smilewithjul; 466 Nik Merkulov, Kelvin Wong, smilewithjul, Sheila Fitzgerald, Fotoksa, Mega Pixel, Kletr, artnLera; 248 Abramova Elena, Sheila Fitzgerald; Lalahouse; 471 Boumen Japet; 477 Benjawan phurit, Happymay; 478 Chones; 485 Fekete 253 Michelle Marsan; 254 VectorPic; 257 Brooke Becker, Matt Benoit, Sara van Netten, Tibor, Eric Isselee, liskus, Jody Ann; 486 Petr Malyshev, Apr-70, liskus; 490 Kaiskynet Studio, ColinCramm; 258 Mariyana M, Handies Peak, Kaspri, garyfox45114, Tim UR, Africa Studio, Volkova Anna; 491 suwatsilp sooksang; 500; 505 Ivonne Wierink, liskus; 506 Picsfive, SAPhotog, Chones, jeabsam, baitong333, Mega Pixel; 259 de2marco, Vilaiporn Chatchawal, enchanted_fairy; 512 Prostock-studio, Mega Pixel, IB Photography; 527 xpixel, Gumenyuk Michael Kraus, Mega Pixel, Maksym Bondarchuk, Sara van Netten, AzriSuratmin; 260 Dmitriy, Wonderful Future World; 528 Marina Yesina, Bachkova Natalia, Nadisja, Zeligen; CHAIYARAT, Keith Bell, Diana Rich, magicoven, Fotoksa, Viktor1, valdis torms, Catinsyrup; 530 Exopixel; 533 Stanislaw Mikulski; 539 Yellow Cat, Vorobyeva; 540 ecco, Bennian; 261 urfin; 262 Sergii Tverdokhlibov, urfin, Bennian, Eric Isselee, CharacterFamily Mega Pixel; 546 Africa Studio; 547 Mega Pixel, IB Photography; 548 mayakova, Graphic.mooi,

A18 ©Curriculum Associates, LLC Copying is not permitted. olllikeballoon, Erica Truex; 567 EtiAmmos, Madlen; 568 Koosen, BravissimoS, liskus, marssanya; 569 chuchiko17; 570 klenger; 572 Revers; 573 David Franklin; 578 Studio DMM Photography, Design and Art; Designs & Art, EtiAmmos, Madlen; 579 EtiAmmos, Madlen, Goldnetz; 580 Pukach, Watchara Phochareung, Studio DMM Photography Design and Art; 587 Photosync, Lina_Lisichka, Balabolka; 588 Pakpoom Phummee, BLKstudio, gan chaonan, Ken StockPhoto, sarayuth3390; 589 Swill Klitch; 593–594 NumbSt; 607 Ravi; 608 Marques; 611 acceptphoto; 613 FabrikaSimf, Pixel B, Vorobyeva; 614 Yellow Cat, MichaelJayBerlin, Utekhina Anna, LightField Studios, Olizabet; 615 Evikka, Lucy Liu; 616 photastic; 618 Andrey Lobachev; 619 Andrey Myagkov; 622 Lineicons freebird; 623 andregric, Sergey Ash; 625 photastic, NARUDON ATSAWALARPSAKUN, sergign, Siyapath, cynoclub; 626 Africa Studio, SergiyN, urfin, Dora Zett; 628 nopporn0510, Zerbor, robotrecorder, Jiri Vaclavek; 629 QMTstudio, Richard Peterson, timquo, ESOlex; 630 ingret, Eric Isselee, Brooke Becker, Laboko; 632 Vorobyeva, gdvcom; 633 HeinzTeh, niwat chaiyawoot, Photo Melon, Potapov Alexander, Lano4ka, Mhatzapa; 634 MustafaNC, yauhenka, KK Tan, Little birdie, Zeligen, kostolom3000; 635 Chinnapong; 636 BlueRingMedia, Yellow Cat, Sondre Lysne; 638 pticelov, AVS-Images, Boltenkoff, 7th Son Studio; 639 Icosha; 645 Iakov Filimonov, topseller, Gts, pukach, kzww, Maks Narodenko, stockphoto-graf, Picsfive, FocusStocker, Valentina Razumova, 7th Son Studio; 646 kzww, Danilaleo, Ratikova, gts, MustafaNC, Sondre Lysne, Yellow Cat, Yarkovoy, Albo003, Keith Homan, csivasz, sergign; 647 Ladislav Berecz; 649 Mtsaride, Tim UR, Dan Thornberg, pukach, Keith Homan, topseller, Albo003, Picsfive, niwat chaiyawoot, kzww; 650 bergamont, Infinity T29, Iakov Filimonov, 7th Son Studio, sergign, Yellow Cat, Valentina Razumova, Ratikova, csivasz, Sondre Lysne, Danny Smythe, Gts; 651 JpegIonitaPhotographer; 652 Keith Homan; 653 Dionisvera, HomeArt; 654 Richard Peterson, cynoclub, ESB Professional; 655 Yellow Cat, Valentina Razumova, Ioskutnikov; 656 MustafaNC, cynoclub, urfin; A1 urfin, Eric Isselee, Mega Pixel; A2 urfin, Utekhina Anna, nopporn0510, Zerbor; A3 MustafaNC, HomeArt; A4; A8; A8 MustafaNC, HomeArt, Picsfive, nopporn0510; A9 Eric Isselee, Mega Pixel, gdvcom, Picsfive, HomeArt; A10 MustafaNC, HomeArt, Pixel B, FabrikaSimf; A11 Utekhina Anna; A12 Vorobyeva; A13 photastic; A14 nopporn0510, Zerbor; A16 Picsfive, HomeArt; A17 r. Classen Student Handbook, appearing in Student Bookshelf and Teacher Guide only: HBi ArtMari, Pixfiction, Rawpixel.com; HB1 Pixfiction, Africa Studio, ArtMari; HB2 iadams, ArtMari; HB3 Palabra, ArtMari; HB4 Tero Vesalainen, ArtMari; HB5 Harvepino, ArtMari; HB6–HB7 ArtMari HB8 Chiyacat, ArtMari; HB9 Kyselova Inna, Markus Mainka, ArtMari; HB10 ArtMari

©Curriculum Associates, LLC Copying is not permitted. A19 Acknowledgments Common Core State Standards © 2010. National Governors Association Center for Best Practices and Council of Chief State School Officers. All rights reserved. Illustration Credits

All Illustrations by Tim Chi Ly Photography Credits

Front Cover ©Danilaleo/Shutterstock, ©Kamira/Shutterstock, ©kool99/ Shutterstock, ©Robert Lessman/Shutterstock; A3–A43 (background) ©Piotr Zajc/Shutterstock Images; A25 ©iStock/monkeybusinessimages; A34 ©spass/ Shutterstock, ©GagliardiPhotography/Shutterstock, ©weedezign/Shutterstock; HBi–HB16 (background) ©Piotr Zajc/Shutterstock Images; 233 ©Alexander Kalina/Shutterstock, ©Brooke Becker/Shutterstock; 250 ©donatas 1205/ Shutterstock, ©Boltenkoff/Shutterstock; 315 ©photka/Shutterstock, ©Prostock- studio/Shutterstock, ©Picsfive/Shutterstock; 319 ©photka/Shutterstock, ©Prostock-studio/Shutterstock, ©Picsfive/Shutterstock; 340 ©Niphon Subsri/ Shutterstock, ©MriMan/Shutterstock; 467 ©Triff/Shutterstock; 631 ©Osadchyi_I/Shutterstock; 636 ©Vladvm/Shutterstock; 639 ©donatas 1205/ Shutterstock; 652 ©Vladvm/Shutterstock; A1–A18 (background) ©Piotr Zajc/ Shutterstock Images; B1–B24 (background) ©Piotr Zajc/Shutterstock Images

©Curriculum Associates, LLC Copying is not permitted. Acknowledgments B24 Acknowledgments Common Core State Standards © 2010. National Governors Front Cover Credits Association Center for Best Practices and Council of Chief ©Joel Simon/Digital Vision/Getty Images State School Officers. All rights reserved.

Photography Credits Illustration Credits United States coin images (unless otherwise indicated) All Illustrations by Tim Chi Ly from the United States Mint Images used under license from Shutterstock.com.

iii ArtMari, Dirk Ercken; iv chuchiko17; v iris wright; vi Valentin 169 TerraceStudio; 170 Andrienko Anastasiya; 172 Lotus_studio, Agapov, Africa Studio; vii Anest, Eric Boucher, udovichenko; Mikael Damkier, Michiel de Wit, Lukas Gojda; 173 Eric Isselee; viii Nenov Brothers Images, anaken2012; 1 Africa Studio; 3 Mary Rice, 174 photka; 175 Ragnarock; 176 Egoreichenkov Evgenii; Blanscape, PITAKSUNTI, Xkunclova, Voraorn Ratanakorn, Nicola 177 TRINACRIA PHOTO, Ksenia Palimski, leungchopan, Paleka; Bertolini, Seregraff, Nailia Schwarz; 4 Alena Stalmashonak, Mikkel 178 napatsorn aungsirichinda, etraveler; 179 Audrey M Vasey; Bigandt, Elisa Putti, Minerva Studio; 5 photka, Happy Together; 180 Tsekhmister, azure1; 181 Anna Kucherova, Zhukov Oleg; 6 Mega Pixel; 8 Benjamin Simeneta, DenisNata; 9 Jenn Huls; 10 Jenn 185 photka; 186 ppart; 187 chuchiko17; 188 Preto Perola, fieldwork; Huls, Liskus; 11 Ermolaev Alexander, Natasha Pankina; 12 JasminkaM; 189 doomu; 190 photosync; 192 Andrew Burgess; 196 Fotofermer, 15–16 FabrikaSimf; 17 KhanunHaHa; 21 HeinzTeh, Marques, irin-k; 197 chuchiko17; 200 Hurst Photo; 203 kosmos111; 204 natalia PhawKStudio; 22 Marques; 23 Be Good, Triff, Etaphop photo; pak, FabrikaSimf, runLenarun; 206 Mark William Penny, threeseven; 24 Mega Pixel, Levent Konuk; 25 Irin-k; 26 Worraket, smilewithjul; 208 Robyn Mackenzie, Natasha Pankina; 214 jefftakespics2; 27 Dima Moroz, goir; 28 Hamurishi, VINCENT GIORDANO PHOTO, Gts, 219 Nisakorn Neera; 224 Nata-Lia; 227 nikkytok; 237 Vitaly Korovin; Prostock-studio; 30 BW Folsom, Natasha Pankina; 32 Peter Hermes 239 chuchiko17; 240 Nik Merkulov, EHStockphoto; 249 chuchiko17; Furian; 33 Naypong Studio; 34 Iasha; 35 Alexander Mak; 36 Yellow 255 paitoon Meetee; 256 Riccardo Mayer, photka; 257 Annette Cat, Kitzcorner; 38 Food Travel Stockforlife, seksan wangkeeree, Shaff; 258 marchello74; 261 Edwin Verin; 262 Dan Kosmayer; bergamont, Duplass; 39 doomu; 40 jirateep sankote; 41 Dakalova 267 FabrikaSimf; 268 Vladimir Prusakov; 274 Rob Wilson, Tiwat K; Iuliia, Nadiia Korol; 42 Maks Narodenko, Kyselova Inna; 44 Mikkel 278 paitoon Meetee; 279 irin-k; 281 jocic; 282 photosync, Natasha Bigandt, Alena Stalmashonak, Elisa Putti; 45 timquo, HomeStudio; Pankina; 284 serg_dibrova; 285 Kwadrat; 286 Kwadrat, owatta; 46 Irina Rogova, studiovin, Lotus Images, Vilor; 48 goir, Dima Moroz; 287 Andrei Shumskiy; 288 Unconventional, Candus Camera, 49 Dima Moroz, Eric Isselee, Lyekaterina; 50 Wision; 51 chiaro; Slawomir Zelasko; 289 Rose Carson; 290 Photo Melon; 291 aboikis; 52 Africa Studio, mamuangmay; 53 Mr Aesthetics; 54 photosync; 292 Pshenichka; 293 Lars Christensen; 294 photosync, Wonderful 56 Mr Aesthetics; 57 nito; 58 Marie C Fields; 60 Hayati Kayhan; Future World; 296 Eric Isselee, mhatzapa, olnik_y; 302 Gelpi; 63–64 Jakub Krechowicz; 65 Niferure; 68 Mindscape studio; 303 Narong Jongsirikul; 304 lord_photon; 305 Rose Carson; 70, 72 chuchiko17; 75 Fablok; 76 Tanya Sid; 77–78 Erik Lam; 306 Nenov Brothers Images; 308 bogdan ionescu; 309–310 Dora 80 irin-k; 85 MriMan, Niphon Subsri, kostolom3000, kuroksta; Zett; 311 Africa Studio; 312 Olga Rom; 315–316 Africa Studio; 86–88 kuroksta; 89 Hedzun Vasyl; 91 Claudio Divizia, artnLera; 317 Imageman, Johan Swanepoel; 319 Sergio Hayashi; 320 Jiri Hera; 92 Prostock-studio, artnLera, NPeter, Dotted Yeti; 94 qingqing, 324 Jiri Vaclavek; 326 Krasowit; 328 Prostock-studio, Africa Studio, mhatzapa; 96 mhatzapa, Lano4ka, Kristina Shevchenko; enterphoto; 329 Mit Kapevski, ivansekretov; 330 nixki; 332 Kucher 97 KittyVector; 98 Ruslan Ivantsov; 103–104 PhawKStudio; Serhii, MirasWonderland; 333 kustomer; 334 YolLusZam1802; 105 Kostenko Maxim, mhatzapa; 112 Vadim Sadovski, mhatzapa; 335 Andrew Olscher; 339–340 Low Sugar; 341 Joe 115 Lano4ka, inxti, Vetal; 116 Denphumi, Lano4ka, DeanHarty; Techapanupreeda; 350 spe; 351 RTimages; 352 N.Vector Design; 118 Ukki Studio; 120 Lano4ka, media point inc; 121 Lano4ka, niwat 353 NATTANOP APICHITTRAKUL; 354 Eric Isselee; 356 Arnoud chaiyawoot; 122 Lano4ka, CrackerClips Stock Media; 123 Nataliia K; Quanjer; 357 unpict; 358 Svetlana Foote; 363 Diana Taliun; 364 Anna 124 wk1003mike, BoxerX, Lano4ka, Paul Orr; 125 wk1003mike, Kucherova; 375 creaPicTures, DMS Foto, Juneisy Q. Hawkins, puttsk; Andrey Lobachev, Dan Kosmayer; 126 Lano4ka, Mega Pixel; 376 Jaroslav74, Adrianhbr, NamoChonburi, Ukki Studio, jiangdi, Peter 127 BalancePhoto; 128 PaPicasso; 130 Lano4ka, Vereshchagin Vanco, Lapina, Africa Studio, Erik Lam; 377 Jiri Hera; 378 photomaster, Dmitry, Vetal; 133 Tatiana Popova, umarazak; 134 makeitdouble, Madlen; 380 Eric Isselee; 381 HomeStudio, Ilya Andriyanov, Lano4ka; 135 Tim UR; 136 Doug McLean, LYekaterina; 137 Triff; Noophoto, Fer Gregory; 382 Fer Gregory; 383 schankz; 139 Kyselova Inna, matkub2499; 140 P Maxwell Photography, I’m 384 mmstudiodesign; 386 Andy Piatt; 387 Africa Studio; Mock-up, photka; 141 Kamenetskiy Konstantin; 142 Chris Renshaw; 388 Valentyn Volkov; 389 schankz; 390 Kletr; 392 paperbees; 144 Susan Schmitz; 145–146 Maryna Kulchytska; 147 Anteromite; 394 LittleMiss; 396 BEEE, Cristina Jurca, Pakhotin Andrey, Tatiana 148 smilewithjul, Robert J. Beyers II; 149 goir, Khumthong; Mirlin, jsabirova; 398 design56; 399 Chones, Photo Melon; 150 Ermolaev Alexander, bergamont, Natasha Pankina; 400 Brooke Becker, Suradech Prapairat; 401 chuchiko17; 404 pukach, 152 Vorobyeva; 153 Viktar Malyshchyts; 157 Cherdchai charasri, Alexey Broslavets, loskutnikov; 405–406 Rose Carson; 409 Super Prin, Patchareephoto, Dirk Ercken, Ernst Photography; 158 Yurii Butterfly Hunter; 410 Fesus Robert, N7atal7i, Eric Isselee, Jagodka; Vydyborets; 159 Triff; 160 Cheers Group, punnaphob; 161 titelio; 411 Pavel Hlystov; 412 Oksana Kuzmina, Iriskana; 413 Feng Yu, 162 Richard Peterson; 163 Sandratsky Dmitriy, photo one; 164 onair, shooarts; 414 RFvectors, Elena Pronenko, robinimages2013, ajt; Sandratsky Dmitriy, photo one; 165 Napat, Christian Musat, Eric 416 Kelvin Wong; 417 Mega Pixel, Chones; 418 Evgeniya Uvarova, Isselee, KITSANANAN, Praisaeng, Giedriius; 166 Coprid; Eric Gevaert; 419 Tsekhmister, Eric Isselee, photomaster; 420 Callipso, 167 MirasWonderland, Gelpi; 168 Birgit Reitz-Hofmann; Super Prin, Tatyana Vyc, Evgeniya Pautova; 421 Eric Gevaert;

A24 ©Curriculum Associates, LLC Copying is not permitted. 422 Family Business, lanych, Tsveta Nesheva; 423 Viktor1; Boucher, Palokha Tetiana, STILLFX; 711 Eric Boucher, STILLFX; 431 MAHATHIR MOHD YASIN; 433 Antonia Giroux; 434 Irina Rogova, 712 Nebs, Timmary, Thammanoon Khamchalee, Anest, Protasov AN; sss615, Tiwat K; 435 Kostsov; 436 gresei; 438 Svitlana-ua; 713 Yellow Cat, Bryan Solomon, normallens; 714 Plateresca, Atstock 444 Lightspring; 447 Vladimir Wrangel, mhatzapa; 448 Jacqui Martin, Productions, udovichenko; 715 Ioskutnikov; 716 Picsfive, Iggy Yorke, Madlen; 461–462 mekcar; 464 lasha, Elena Schweitzer, Andrii Pavel Hlystov, Food Travel Stockforlife; 717 donatas1205, Picsfive; Horulko, Jr images; 465 Andrii Horulko, Quang Ho; 466 Ruth Black; 718 Coprid, schankz, little birdie, Picsfive; 720 JasonCPhoto, Bluegrass 472 Andrii Horulko, Maris Kiselov, Candus Camera, drebha; 473 Pete Imagery; 722 Lucie Lang, Yellow Cat; 723 donatas1205; Spiro, Claudio Divizia; 474 exoticartz; 491 David Franklin; 492 Ernst 724 donatas1205, timquo, Picsfive;725 terekhov igor, Elena Anikina; Photography; 493 Africa Studio; 494 Olga Guchek; 495 Quang Ho; 726 Iablonskyi Mykola, Bill45, trubitsyn, Alex Coan, Picsfive; 496 iris wright; 497 bogdan ionescu; 498 Richard Peterson; 727 Picsfive, Svetlana Happyland, DJ Srki, dragon_art; 728 icolourful, 501–502 Yeti studio; 507 Denise Torres; 512 George Filyagin; Svetlana Happyland, Picsfive, Andrey_Kuzmin, Udovichenko; 514 creativestockexchange; 530 Svitlana-ua; 537 Anton-Burakov; 729 elenovsky, photo one; 730 Bokeh Blur Background, elenovsky, 538 Ambient Ideas; 539 urfin;540 Andrey Burmakin; 542 Fat Jackey; photo one; 731 Madlen, Bokeh Blue Background, Eric Boucher; 552 nimon, NickKnight; 555 nimon, PinkBlue; 556 nimon; 732 Irina Barilo, Bokeh Blur Background, Dan Kosmayer, urfin, 560 nimon; 561 Low Sugar, Natasha Pankina; 571 Rudmer Zwerver; Katharina Scharle; 733 somdul, elenovsky, Dan Kosmayer, Katharina 573 exopixel; 574 ziviani, oleschwander; 575 Masterchief_ Scharle; 734 Bokeh Blur Background, MirasWonderland, Osadchyi_I; Productions; 576 Mega Pixel; 578 Valentin Agapov; 579 Alex 735 urfin, Tarzhanova;736 JDCarballo, Sergiy Kuzmin, Happy Stock Romantsov; 580 Ching Design; 581 Gunnar Pippel, balabolka; Photo, gillmar; 737 SkaLd, InGreen, Eric Isselee, Yellow Cat, Eric 585 Romariolen, Tim UR, liskus; 586 Lisovskaya Natalia; 587 Lotus_ Boucher, Picsfive; 739 Allocricetulus, StockPhotosArt, travis manley; studio; 590 bluehand, redchocolate; 591 Diana Taliun; 592 Andy 740 optimarc, Mega Pixel, Anest, nortongo, Katharina Scharle; Piatt; 595 Lersak supamatra; 596 FabrikaSimf, MichaelJayBerlin; 741 Lucie Lang, Dan Kosmayer; 742 margouillat photo, Dan 598 mayakova, Seregam; 599 Eric Isselee; 600 Olhastock; Kosmayer, sergign, Anton Starikov; 744 Picsfive;746 Picsfive, Africa 611 STILLFX; 613 HeinzTeh; 614 aradaphotgraphy, Carolyn Franks; Studio, valkoinen; 747 Yellow Cat; 748 matkub2499, StockPhotosArt, 615 Tatiana Popova; 616 Africa Studio, primiaou; 618 nanantachoke, Picsfive; 749 revers, Eric Boucher, Tanakorn Moolsarn; 750 somdul, Natasha Pankina; 619 Eric Isselee; 620 Tooykrub, Lalahouse; Africa Studio, nortongo, Dan Kosmayer; 752 terekhov igor, Hedez, 621 valzan, smilewithjul; 625 wk1003mike; 626 Mike Flippo; Yellow Cat, Dan Kosmayer; 753 exopixel, Kirsanov Valeriy 627 Yellow Cat, Tish1; 631 Andy Piatt; 632 BOONCHUAY PROMJIAM, Vladimirovich, Eric Boucher; 754 Valentina Razumova, Angeliki Vel; 634 Hong Vo, smilewithjul; 636 Madlen, smilewithjul; MichaelJayBerlin, Sondre Lysne; 755 Polryaz, Dan Kosmayer, Picsfive; 637 chuchiko17; 638 chuchiko17, Astarina; 639 Petr Vaclavek; 756 Oleksandr Lysenko; 757 troyka, shooarts; 758 Jiang Zhongyan, 640 Jiri Hera, Tiwat K; 643–644 Wasanajai; 645 BW Folsom; timquo, Dan Kosmayer, revers; 765 NizamD; 767 Nenov Brothers 646 Kotomiti Okuma, Iriskana; 648 Mike Truchon; 649 Roman Images; 768 cherezoff, topform, Handies Peak, Richard Peterson, Samokhin; 650 Sinelev; 652 IrinaK, ExpressVectors; 653 Meng Luen; Birgit Reitz-Hofmann, Marcus Miranda; 769 Tang Yan Song; 654 Bachkova Natalia, Iriskana; 659 ULKASTUDIO; 663 elbud; 772 bogdan ionescu; 775 OnlyZoia, GalapagosPhoto; 781 Nenov 664 Natykach Nataliia, smilewithjul; 666 Cheng Wei; 667 Ivonne Brothers Images, topform; 784 Evgeny Karandaev; 791 Bankrx; Wierink, timquo; 668 STILLFX, timquo; 673–674 Lizard, Petr 792 Vitaly Zorkin, Lu Wenjuan; 793 Vereshchagin Dmitry; 794 Mega Kratochvil; 674 Tatiana Popova; 676 topseller; 683 Claudia Paulussen; Pixel, Odua Images, Natasha Pankina; 798–799 Anaken2012; 685 Andy Piatt; 691 iskrinka74; 693 Olinchuk, SFIO CRACHO, 800 melnikof; 804 wk1003mike; 815 Boonchuay1970; Udovichenko; 694 GotziLA STOCK, MARGRIT HIRSCH, Alexander 816 Lisovskaya Natalia; 820 COLOA Studio, Anna Kucherova, Rin Rybalka, Yellow Cat, Iuchunyu; 695 Dakalova Iuliia; 696 photka; Ohara; 829 Prostock-studio, Pixelbliss; 831 Sapunkele, siamionau 697 Yellow Cat; 698 Studio DMM Photography, Designs & Art; pavel; A4 Yellow Cat; A6 titelio, Jiri Vaclavek, kitzcorner; A7 nimon, 699–700 STILLFX; 701 Yellow Cat; 702 Ian 2010, Igor Kovalchuk, Valerii__Dex; A9 Tsekhmister, azure1; A11 Ruslan Ivantsov; Damir Kabirov, Eric Boucher; 703 Eric Isselee, Palokha Tetiana, Dora A13 EHStockphoto; A14 Paleka, TRINACRIA PHOTO; Zett, Pavel Hlystov, STILLFX; 704 Bryan Solomon, normallens, Andrey A17, A18, A20 Peter Hermes Furian; A22 Ruslan Ivantsov; A23 bestv Medvedev; 705 Artem Shadrin; 706 Astock Productions, Student Handbook, appearing in Student Bookshelf and Udovichenko; 707 Madlen, Tatjana Romanova, Africa Studio, Keizt Teacher Guide only: HBi ArtMari, Pixfiction, Rawpixel.com, Photography, COLOA Studio, Vilor; 708 Rich Carey, Jan Martin Will, Disavorabuth; HB1 Africa Studio; HB2 iadams; HB3 Palabra; HB4 Tero Eric Isselee, Madlen, STILLFX, Eric Boucher; 709 TRINACRIA PHOTO, Vesalainen; HB5 Harvepino; HB8 Chiyacat; HB9 Kyselova Inna, Nataliia Dvukhimenna, Mega Pixel, Vilor, ElenaR, haru, pzAxe; 710 Eric Markus Mainka; HB11 Disavorabuth; HB19 Rawpixel.com

©Curriculum Associates, LLC Copying is not permitted. A25 Acknowledgments

Common Core State Standards © 2010. National Governors Association Center for Best Practices and Council of Chief State School Officers. All rights reserved. Illustration Credits

All Illustrations by Tim Chi Ly Photography Credits

Front Cover ©Joel Simon/Digital Vision/Getty Images; A3–A45 (background) ©Piotr Zajc/Shutterstock Images; A27 ©iStock/monkeybusinessimages; A36 ©spass/Shutterstock, ©GagliardiPhotography/Shutterstock, ©weedezign/ Shutterstock; HBi–HB19 (background) ©Piotr Zajc/Shutterstock Images; 45 ©Prostock-studio/Shutterstock; 166 ©Dan Thornberg/Shutterstock, ©Iasha/ Shutterstock; 243 ©Happy Together/Shutterstock; 744 ©MaraZe/Shutterstock; 751 ©Vectomart/Shutterstock, ©travis manley/Shutterstock; A1–A23 (background) ©Piotr Zajc/Shutterstock Images; B1–B24 (background) ©Piotr Zajc/Shutterstock Images

©Curriculum Associates, LLC Copying is not permitted. Acknowledgments B24 Acknowledgments Common Core State Standards © 2010. National Governors Front Cover Credits Association Center for Best Practices and Council of Chief ©Auscape International Pty Ltd/Alamy State School Officers. All rights reserved. ©Lynne Nicholson/Shutterstock

Photography Credits Illustration Credits United States coin images (unless otherwise indicated) All Illustrations by Tim Chi Ly from the United States Mint Images used under license from Shutterstock.com. iii Ahturner; iv Pavlo_K, Seth Gallmeyer; v Bubbers BB, David Franklin; 209 Gyvafoto, Visual Generation; 211 Tamara Kulikova; 212 En min vi Take Photo, Viktor Kunz; vii Butterfly Hunter, Galina Petrova; Shen; 213 Photo Melon; 216 Jenny Schuck; 218 I AM NIKOM; 1 Ajintai; 4 Prostock-studio; 5 kithanet; 6 Joey Chung; 8 Inna 220 Saltodemata, smilewithjul; 221 Blue67design, Mirko Rosenau; Astakhova, Aluna1; 9–10 Natalia D.; 12 Mike Flippo; 15 Andy Piatt; 223 marssanya, science photo; 224 Twin Design; 226 marssanya, 16 Hayati Kayhan; 17 easyshutter, Lano4ka; 18 Stephanie Frey; Scanrail1; 227 ProStockStudio; 228 Kaspri, marssanya, smilewithjul; 19 Crackerclips Stock Media; 20 Tamara Kulikova, Lalahouse; 229 Linda Vostrovska; 230 Nattika; 234 Elena Butinova; 22 Sergiy Kuzmin, Tiwat K; 25 Jiri Hera; 27 Noel Powell, blue67design; 236 mtphoto19; 239 Africa Studio, Eric Isselee, Natasha Pankina; 28 mihalec, En min Shen; 29 catwalker; 30 Denis Burdin, Alex 240 photastic; 241 Danza; 246 Chones; 249 Natalia Klenova; Alekseev, DR Travel Photo and Video, Hanna Kh, In-Finity; 32 BIGANDT. 250 Chones; 251 Africa Studio; 254 Carolyn Franks; 259 Elena COM, Elisa Putti, Mary Rice, Alena Stalmashonak; 33 Oksana Kuzmina; Elisseeva; 260 Neamov; 262 Seth Gallmeyer; 263 RomGams; 34 Picsfive; 36 Oksana Kuzmina; 39 Eric Isselee; 40 Steve 264 FabrikaSimf; 271 Pavlo_K; 273 MyImages – Micha; 276 Happy Oehlenschlager, serazetdinov; 44 timquo; 45 Vasily Menshov; Together, Yoko Design; 277 Johann Helgason; 286 Evastudio; 47 bajinda; 49 onair; 51 Tim UR; 52 Sascha Burkard; 53 Peter Zijlstra; 287 Africa Studio; 289 Christian Jung; 290 Zaretska Olga; 54 Sailorr; 56 maxpro; 57 Matimix, liskus; 58 karn684; 60 Nadiia Korol, 292 Ehtesham; 294 Jag_cz, David M. Schrader; 295 Tamara Kulikova; RioAbajoRio; 61 Elena Blokhina; 62 Dirk Ercken, artnLera; 296 Super Prin; 297 Eric Isselee; 303 SuriyaPhoto; 306 Cyril Hou; 63–64 Karkas, karn684; 66 Mygate; 67 Vyaseleva Elena, primiaou, 316 Michael Drager; 318 Big and Serious, Daria Chichkareva, artnLera; 69 Tom Biegalski, Lano4ka, Iriskana; 70 fivespots, Jagodka; 319–320 Linett; 322 Nikolaeva, rangizzz; 326 kao; blue67design; 71 De2marco; 72 Dionisvera; 73 Dudarev Mikhail, 328 CaseyMartin; 329–330 nfsphoto; 332 aperturesound; Iriskana; 75 Mauro Rodrigues; 76 AllNikArt, David Crockett; 77 Artem 333 Nata-Lia, Tulpahn; 334 graja, Sapunkele; 335 oksana2010, Kutsenko, Kyselova Inna, Nataly Studio, Nik Merkulov, Valentyn Volkov; Popartic; 341 Dudarev Mikhail; 342 Bjphotographs, HstrongART, 78 Fotofermer; 80 Maks Narodenko, Nataliia K, Oleksii Biriukov, Tim MITstudio; 346 Bubbers BB; 347 Brian A Jackson; 348 Robyn UR, Valentina Proskurina; 81 kp photograph, lasha, Mtsaride, pukach; Mackenzie; 350 Rose Carson; 352 nanantachoke; 82 kp photograph, lasha, Mtsaride, pukach; 83 Jirateep sankote; 353–354 Ragnarock; 356 James Watts; 359 Africa Studio; 84 Hans Geel, marssanya; 86 Ivaylo Ivanov, Nataliia K, Oleksii Biriukov, 363 NikoNomad; 365 elbud; 366 En min Shen, junjun; Roman Samokhin; 87 Anton-Burakov; 88 Aluna1, iris wright; 367 macondo; 370 Iriskana, tkemot; 377 MNI; 378 blue67design, 89 Oleksii Biriukov; 91 Leigh Prather; 92 LAURA_VN, Olga_Angelloz; timquo; 380 P Maxwell Photography; 381 eAlisa; 382 catwalker; 93 Magic Pasta, RFvectors, VanReeel, vectorlight; 95 aksenova_yu, 384 Marc Ward; 386 Petlia Roman; 387 blue67design, tarapong ALEX S, Magic Pasta, OGdesign, vectorlight; 98 Stanisic Vladimir; srichaiyos; 389–390 ChristianChan; 391 Denis Tabler; 392 Hamizan 99 Hawk777, Olga_Angelloz; 100 Lu Mikhaylova; 101 Africa Studio, Yusof; 394 Eric Isselee, olnik_y; 395 Marijus Auruskevicius; NYS; 102 GalapagosPhoto; 104 KK Tan; 105 5 second Studio; 396 Natasha Pankina, wawritto; 398 puttsk; 400 HardheadMonster; 106 Fafarumba, Roman Samokhin; 108 G_B_R_Jo, Kletr; 109 Pavel 401 Olga Miltsova; 402 Sebastian Janicki; 408 ArtCookStudio; Hlystov; 110 Mega Pixel; 111 Looker_Studio; 112 Ahturner, 409 Artush; 412 Sergey Ash; 413 NathalieB; 414 Ksander; runLenarun; 114 John T Takai, Yuri Samsonov; 115 Alexlukin; 415 BIGANDT.COM, Elisa Putti, Smit; 416 belizar; 418 PHOTOCREO 116 JK’s Design, lineartestpilot, Tsekhmister; 117 Hung Chung Chih; Michal Bednarek, foto-select, Vladimir Wrangel; 419 Jiangdi; 118 Astarina, Cosma; 119 Steve Oehlenschlager, Yoko Design; 420 Niethammer Zoltan; 422 neftali, Oldrich, Zvonimir Atletic; 121 advent, Gopause; 123 Dakalova Iuliia; 124 Stuar; 126 Kirill 425 Billion Photos; 430 Lertsakwiman; 431 smilewithjul, Tamara Makarov; 128 Cameilia; 137 Lerner Vadim; 141 Arunas Gabalis; Kulikova; 432 Tadeusz Wejkszo; 434 Kyselova Inna, smilewithjul; 144 absolut; 145 urbanbuzz; 146 AVS-Images, Lemonade Serenade; 435 Kim Reinick; 436 stockcreations, topform; 439 OtmarW; 148 Jantana, Nadiia Korol; 151 marssanya, Regien Paassen; 440 Natalia D.; 442 opicobello; 443 Ljupco Smokovski; 446 Deyan 154 Aluna1, Kak2s, Tiwat K; 156 Low Sugar; 157 Olga Miltsova; Georgiev; 449 Studio DMM Photography, Designs & Art; 450 David 160 margouillat photo, runLenarun; 163 Ksuxa-muxa, nimon; Franklin; 453 Horatiu Bota, topform; 459 Kyrylo Glivin; 462 Chones; 164 Dora Zett, blue67design; 165 Africa Studio; 166 ivansekretov; 463 Olga Reznik; 466 Rachel Brunette; 467 timquo; 168 Photosync; 169 Jiri Pavlik, Natasha Pankina; 172 catwalker; 468 lineartestpilot, timquo; 470 Ronnie Chua; 472 Steve Cukrov; 174 Shebeko, smilewithjul; 175 Billion Photos; 177 Maryna 473 Tudor Ardeleanu; 474 garmoncheg; 475 Hurst Photo; Kulchytska, Natasha Pankina; 178 Alabass27; 181 Kyselova Inna; 476 Mikhail Abramov; 477 Scanrail1; 479 Kthaikla; 185 Tamara Kulikova; 187 Marques; 188 Nik Merkulov; 189 Tatiana 480 Shaynepplstockphoto; 482 Jiri Hera; 484 Sandra van der Steen; Popova; 190 threeseven; 192 Armari36, blue67design; 193 marilyn 486 Sebra; 487 Africa Studio; 493 Roman Stetsyk; 497 Mizkit; barbone; 196 Liskus, Ziben; 198 DR Travel Photo and Video; 498 Matthias G. Ziegler; 500 Vitaly Zorkin; 501–502 Picsfive, M Kunz; 199 Tyler Olson; 202 Tim UR; 203 ZoranOrcik; 504 IB Photography, Yellow Cat; 505 Yellow Cat; 206 Carolyn Franks, redchocolate; 207 Dan Thornberg, sirtravelalot; 506 Sonia Dubois, Vitaly Zorkin; 507 xpixel; 508 ilovezion, Mizkit;

©Curriculum Associates, LLC Copying is not permitted. A19 510 NARUDON ATSAWALARPSAKUN; 511 Polina Prokofieva, MaraZe, 644 MirasWonderland, ingret, Ermolaev Alexander, Oleksandr Bragin Alexey; 512 Silvano audisio; 513 Yanas; 514 aperturesound; Lytvynenko, Eric Isselee, Dora Zett, Africa Studio, Olhastock, Grigorita 515 Vladvm; 516 gresei; 518 Seregam; 519 Montego; Ko; 645 Eric Isselee, Laralova; 646 Alhovik; 648 BOONCHUAY 520 Wk1003mike; 522 MustafaNC, Belinda Pretorius, Dean bertoncelj; PROMJIAM; 650 feelphoto2521; 651 stockfotoart; 653 Garsya; 523 Pictureguy; 524 Vadim Orlov, P Maxwell Photography; 654 Africa Studio, Picsfive; 655 azure1; 656 Sharon Silverman Boyd, 526 Nerthuz, kontur-vid; 527 freesoulproduction; 528 Feng Yu, Garsya; 658 Photka; 659 Rakic; 660 timquo; 661 Yaroslava; gillmar, Oliver Hoffman; 531 Mega Pixel, Tuomas Lehtinen; 664 Enrique Ramos; 666 Coprid, Lucie Lang; 668 valkoinen, timquo, 532 Fedorov Oleksiy, Rawpixel.com, Polryaz; 535 timquo, Viktar iMoved Studio, grey_and; 669 Prasolov Alexei; 670 Africa Studio, Ramanenka; 536 Alhovik, Nik Merkulov; 537 Dan Kosmayer; Timquo; 671 Timquo, Pelfophoto, Airdone; 672 Vitaly Zorkin, Yellow 538 Marko Poplasen; 539 aopsan; 542 Roman Samokhin; Cat; 679 Alexandra Lande; 681 Galina Petrova; 682 Richard Griffin, 543 domnitsky; 544 Mega Pixel, koosen, Lunatictm; 545 PK.Phuket indaflesh; 687 Elena Schweitzer; 688 Butterfly Hunter, SAPhotog, studio; 547 Ivonne Wierink, primiaou; 548 Tatiana Shepeleva; artshock, Handies Peak, Elena Schweitzer; 700 Oakozhan; 706 Andrey 549 Atlaspix, Mtlapcevic, drpnncpptak; 550 MyImages – Micha, Eremin, Bigacis; 714 Izlan Somai; 716 kaspan, Mikhail Abramov, Africa Oleksandr Fediuk, Peter Vanco; 551 Blackspring; 552 Alexander Studio, Mamuka Gotsiridze; 717 Ruslan Grumble; alexmak7; 718 MNI; Tolstykh, claire norman, Lufter; 553 Liam1949, Stockforlife; 722 Ravipat; 724 Rattanamanee Patpong; 732 Timquo; 733 GRSI; 554 Stepan Bormotov; 558 gillmar, Louella938; 559 Koosen; 736 Phovoir, Pumidol; 737 Chuckstock, Pixfiction;740 Cherdchai 560 Kamenetskiy Konstantin, Soonios Pro; 561 Sergiy Kuzmin; charasri, freestyle images; 741 ajt, Ariadna Nevskaya, Marish; 564 Dora Zett, Verbitsky Denis; 566 Val Lawless; 568 Anton Starikov; 744 Narong Jongsirikul; 745 Artem Kutsenk; 746 TukkataMoji; 569 Photo One; 570 Picsfive; 572 Nor Gal, 573 Bulbspark, Nikola 747 Studio DMM Photography, Designs & Art; 749 Africa Studio; Bilic; 574 An NGUYEN, bulbspark; 576 Marish; 577 Vvoe; 751 Su Xingmin; 753 Aliaksei Tarasau; 754 Aperture51; 578 Elena100; 581 endeavor; 582 NARUDON ATSAWALARPSAKUN, 755 valkoinen; 758 kustome; 759 Mtsaride, FocusStocker, olnik_y; ULKASTUDIO; 584 RimmaOrphey; 585 StepanPopov; 586 Rakimm; 762 Eric Isselee, Rudmer Zwerver, BlackAkaliko; 764 Zadiraka Evgenii; 589 Exopixel, Pavel Bobrovskiy; 591 Coprid; 592 Godsend, 765 Preto Perola; 766 Alan Lucas; 770 Dora Zett; 771 Africa Studio; Rashevskyi Viacheslav; 593 Peyker 594 Seregam, Peyker; 596 Ton 774 Stockforlife; 776 Suradech Prapairat, Stockforlife; 779 Mega Pixel; Bangkeaw; 597 Arina P Habich; 598 reiza, Tarzhanova, Arina P 780 Narong Jongsirikul; A4 titelio, Jiri Vaclavek, kitzcorner; Habich; 600 Mtsaride; 601 Irin-k; 602 oksana2010; 603 goi; A8 DenisNata; A9 Picsfive, Pogonici; A15 Picsfive; A16 Sasimoto 606 Arthito, mhatzapa; 607 Ivonne Wierink; 608 Picsfive; Student Handbook, appearing in Student Bookshelf and 609 viviamo; 611 FabrikaSimf; 612 Nik Merkulov; 613 Kitch Bain; Teacher Guide only: HBi ArtMari, Pixfiction, Rawpixel.com, 614 Nbenbow, schab; 616 Skobrik; 621 motorolka; 624 Solutioning Disavorabuth; HB1 Africa Studio; HB2 iadams; HB3 Palabra; Incorporated; 626 Ruslan Ivantsov; 629 Vahe 3D; 630 goodwin_x, HB5 Havepino; HB6 Tatiana Popova; HB8 Chiyacat; HB9 Kyselova Paleka; 634 Mhatzapa, Steve Oehlenschlager; 636 Scruggelgreen; Inna, Markus Mainka; HB10 ArtMari; HB11-HB12 ArtMari, 639 ang intaravichian; 640 Olha Ukhal; 642 Ton Bangkeaw; Disavorabuth; HB13-HB14 ArtMari; HB18 Rawpixel.com

A20 ©Curriculum Associates, LLC Copying is not permitted. Acknowledgments

Common Core State Standards ©2010. National Governors Association Center for Best Practices and Council of Chief State School Officers. All rights reserved. Illustration Credits

All Illustrations by Tim Chi Ly Photography Credits

Front Cover ©Auscape International Pty Ltd/Alamy, ©Lynne Nicholson/ Shutterstock; A3–A43 (background) ©Piotr Zajc/Shutterstock Images; A25 ©LWA/Dann Tardif/Getty Images; A34 ©Monkey Business Images, ©wavebreakmedia; HBi–HB18 (background) ©Piotr Zajc/Shutterstock Images; 81 ©Lukas Gojda/Shutterstock; ©Eric Isselee/Shutterstock; A1–A19 (background) ©Piotr Zajc/Shutterstock Images; B1–B25 (background) ©Piotr Zajc/Shutterstock Images

B25 Acknowledgments ©Curriculum Associates, LLC Copying is not permitted. Acknowledgments Front Cover credits Common Core State Standards © 2010. National Governors ©Teri Lyn Fisher/Offset Association Center for Best Practices and Council of Chief State School Officers. All rights reserved.

Photography Credits United States coin images (unless otherwise indicated) from the United States Mint Images used under license from Shutterstock.com.

iii ArtMari, lendy16; iv Dimedrol68; v akiyoko, Vadim; vi Artismo, Picsfive; 209 ArtnLera, palform, paulaphoto; 211 ajt, palform; Hurst Photo, Rashad Ashurov, trekandshoot; vii sumire8, TerryM; 212 ArtnLera, FabrikaSimf, palform; 214 Balabolka, EtiAmmos, viii CyrilLutz, Kaiskynet; 1 Kristina Vackova; 3 Erica Truex, Iraidka; 4 En monticello, palform; 215 ArtnLera, Cergios, palform; 216 Caimacanul, min Shen, Erica Truex; 9 Erica Truex, Seregam; 10 Billion Photos, Erica Design56, Redchocolate; 218 Balabolka, Michelle D. Milliman; Truex, EtiAmmos; 13 Erica Truex, Ralko; 14 blue67design, Erica Truex, 221 Balabolka, Odua Images; 222 palform, Vstock24; 223 Ocram, Jagodka, LHF Graphics, Nina_Susik; 15 Edwin Verin, Erica Truex, palform; 224 palform, Vangert; 225 Ivaschenko Roman, palform; palform; 16 Erica Truex, palform, Rich Koele; 19 Bogdan ionescu, Erica 226 Juthamat8899; 227 Andrey_Kuzmin; 228 mr.chanwit wangsuk Truex; 20 Northallertonman; 23 Erica Truex, GOLFX, Lightspring; palform; 230 COLOA Studio, LHF Graphics; 231 Cheers Group, 24 Lane V. Erickson; 27 likekightcm; 30 Erica Truex, Javier Brosch, HelgaLin, palform; 233 Anneka, Kschrei, palform, Vesna cvorovic; RomanJuve; 31 Erica Truex, Fabio Berti, palform; 34 Dudarev Mikhail, 234 Denis Pepin, palform; 235 Ivory27; 236 palform, Pao Laroid; Erica Truex; 40 Erica Truex, S-ts; 41 Erica Truex, Gavrylovaphoto, 237 nld, Runrun2; 238 HamsterMan, Robyn Mackenzie; 239 Craig palform; 42 Erica Truex, Kithanet, palform; 45 Andrey Lobachev, Wactor, palform; 240 AlexPic, mohamad firdaus bin ramli; Art’nLera, olllikeballoon; 49 pattara puttiwong; 52 Dima Sobko; 242 AlexPic, Quang Ho; 243 Natalia7, palform; 245 Bryan Solomon, 53 IROOM STOCK, palform; 54 palform, studiolovin; motorolka, palform; 246 r.classen, palform, Valentina Proskurina; 56 PhotoProCorp; 57 Federico Quevedo; 58 Erica Truex, palform, 247 Maria Jeffs; 250 En min Shen; 251 oksana2010; 252 Somboon Plumdesign; 59 Erica Truex, Shebeko; 60 Ed Samuel, Erica Truex; Bunproy; 254 artnLera, Hong Vo, sevenke, Tiwat K; 255 Shippee; 61 Erica Truex, Kzww; 62 Erica Truex, lendy16; 69 AfricaStudio, Erica 256 HodagMedia; 259 Kletr; 262 Africa Studio; 264 smilewithjul, Truex; 70 Erica Truex, Natu, palform; 74 Stephen Orsillo; Steve Cukrov; 268 Dontree; 272 Jiradet Ponari; 283 palform, Shuter; 75 Cmnaumann, palform; 76 Dangdumrong, otsphoto; 80 Triff; 286 Vdimage; 289 Alekseykolotvin; 290 Suzanne Tucker; 291 Victor 81 SeDmi, smilewithjul; 82 David Franklin; 83 Wsantina; 89 Shuter; Moussa; 299 JARIRIYAWAT; 303 Kovalenko Dmitriy, Route55; 91 Kovalchuk Oleksandr, Kyselova Inna; 92 Pete Spiro, Photosync; 306 Roman Dick; 314 Gl0ck, Tiwat K; 315 Tom Pavlasek; 318 Undrey; 93 KK Tan; 96 Petlia Roman; 97 Rose Carson; 99 Fotofermer, Irin-k; 320 Plufflyman;322 Irina Fischer; 325 Bragin Alexey; 326 Ksenia 100 freestyle images; 101 Tim UR; 102 Pete Spiro; 105 Pets in frames; Palimski; 329 areeya_ann; 333 Coprid; 334 balabolka, MaxCab; 108 Timothy Boomer; 109–110 charles taylor; 112 Coprid, 335 Drozhzhina Elena, palform; 337 Vadim Sadovski; 338 palform; marssanya; 113 M. Unal Ozmen, Maks Narodenko; 114 Mario7, Tim 340 palform, RomanStrela; 341 Fotokostic, Oleg Romanko, VVO; UR; 116 Elnur, Lubava; 119 CrackerClips Stock Media; 120 Studio 346 cherezoff, palform; 345–348 akiyoko, palform; 356 artnLera, DMM Photography, Designs & Art; 122 SOMMAI; 125 Lubava, Dmitry Zimin, En min Shen; 357 artnLera, Olivier Le Queinec; Valentina Razumova; 126 Jiri Hera, showcake, Stockforlife, Vitaly 358 EHStockphoto; 359 Maks Narodenko; Matt Benoit; 360 Pavlo_K; Zorkin; 127–128 Valentina Rozumova; 130 Viacheslav Rubel; 361 Svetlana Serebryakova, Olga Nikonova; 362 LAURA_VN, Quang 131 Natasha Pankina, SUN-FLOWER; 132 Hannamariah, marssanya; Ho; 363 bluehand, Olga Nikonova; 364 Miroslav Halama; 134 Iriskana, Photo Melon; 136 Le Do, liskus; 137–138 Aopsan, 366 LittleMiss, MarGi; 367 lana rinck; 369 Roma Borman; 370 Roma Claudio Divizia; 141 Sashkin; 143 AS Food studio, smilewithjul; Borman; 372 aquariagirl1970, Tim UR; 373 Africa Studio, Simon Bratt; 144 AS Food studio; 147 Lukas Gojda, Valentina Proskurina; 374 balabolka, Max Lashcheuski; 375 Madlen; 378 Aopsan, Claudio 148 Yaping; 149 Kyselova Inna, Triff; 150 KMNPhoto; 152 Elena Divizia, Natasha Pankina; 379 kruraphoto; 380 Ultimax; 383 vikky; Schweitzer, Iriskana; 153 Lifestyle Graphic; 154 Tropper2000; 384 palform, YUTTASAK SAMPACHANO; 385 anna. q, Iriskana, 159 Dimedrol68; 160 Dimedrol68, liskus, SOMMAI; 163 Danny Quanthem; 386 Iriskana, ES sarawuth, topform; 387 Surrphoto; Smythe; 164 normallens; 165–166 Tadeusz Wejkszo; 169 Andrea 390 BW Folsom; 391 balabolka, Leigh Prather; 392 Lotus_studio; Izzotti, Celso Diniz, Chris Bradshaw, Christian Musat, Denton Rumsey, 394 Mauro Rodrigues; 395 Alchena; 396 Andrey Eremin, Iriskana; Don Mammoser, f11 photo, FloridaStock, GUDKOV ANDREY, Henryk 397–398 abdrahimmahfar; 400 marre; 402 jannoon028; 403 Aluna1, Sadura, Jason Patrick Ross, Jayne Carney, liquid studios, Pandapaw; 404 Aluna1, Tropper2000; 407 Simic Vojislav; moosehenderson, Romrodphoto; 171 Rido, smilewithjul; 408 Iriskana, Peshkova; 411 photosync, redchocolate; 412 NinaM; 172 Bajinda, liskus, Maks Narodenko; 174 Elnur, Ksuxa-muxa; 414 Erica Truex, irin-k; 415 Cherdchai charasri, Erica Truex; 177 Narong Jongsirikul; 179 Alexey D. Vedernikov; 180 Kletr, 418 CrackerClips Stock Media; 419 Aliaksei Tarasau, Flower Studio, smilewithjul; 181 ArtMari, Nattika, palform; 182 Claudio Divizia, LilKar; 420–421 Aliaksei Tarasau; 422 Aliaksei Tarasau, Smit; 423 Erica palform; 183 Africa Studio, palform; 184 Drozhzhina Elena; Truex, Valdis Skudre; 424 Joshua Lewis, Tiwat K; 425 STILLFX; 186 mayer kleinostheim, palform; 187 palform, Natalia D; 190 Boris 426 Chones; 428 Erica Truex, Sergiy Kuzmin; 430 Katstudio, Tiwat K; Sosnovyy, palform; 192 Africa Studio, palform; 193 palform, 431 attapoljochosobig, Iriskana; 432 JUN3, Iriskana; 434 Protasov AN; Redchocolate, Lenorko; 194 Lenorko, palform, Redchocolate, 435–436 Aliaksei Tarasau; 438 Smileus; 439 David Franklin, Iriskana, TerraceStudio; 197 Karkas, Coprid, Olga Popova, palform; palform; 440 irin-k, Iurii Osadchi; 441 Oksana2010; 442, 444 Khvost, 199 stockcreations; 200 Gbuglok, palform; 202 Olga Lyubkin, Ronald Sumners, Surrphoto; 446 Sergey Chayko; 455 Africa Studio; palform; 207 Erofeeva Natalya, palform; 208 palform, Phase4Studios, 457 Hurst Photo; 458 Olga Nayashkova; 462 CKP1001;

A20 ©Curriculum Associates, LLC Copying is not permitted. 468 Africa Studio, blue67design; 469 IB Photography; 471 Grynold; Pekarskyi, lasha, M. Unal Ozmen, More Images; 638 Take Photo, 474 Nata-Lia; 475 Artsimo; 480 SunshineVector, trekandshoot; design56, Hong Vo; 639 Domnitsky, Vitaly Zorkin; 641 GrigoryL, 481 PhotoMediaGroup; 486 GreenArt; 492 baibaz; 494 balabolk; Roman Samokhin; 642 IB Photography; 643 Khumthong; 644 amero, 495 Scruggelgreen; 498 t50; 499 MaskaRad; 500 Palokha Tetiana; Mariusz Szczygiel; 646 jiangdi; 647 Alex Mit, Denis Churin; 648 s_ 502 bestv; 505 Exopixel; 506 ANGHI, liskus; 508 Africa Studio, oleg; 649 Tim UR, ZoneCreative; 650 More Images; 652 Iriskana, Natasha Pankina; 509 Jessica Torres Photography; JGade; 653 Jim Vallee; 654 TanyaRozhnovskaya; 657 Maks 511–512 Tsekhmister; 514 Vladimir Jotov; 515 Mybona, Zeligen; Narodenko, Zirconicusso; 658 Quang Ho; 659 SUN-FLOWER; 521 Anyunov, Iriskana; 522 balabolka, Julia-art; 526 images.etc, 662 PeachLoveU; 664 George3973, Grigor Unkovski, smilewithjul, Iriskana; 529 balabolka, KAWEESTUDIO; 530 Iriskana, Mamuka Timquo; 665 Sia-James; 666 Nito; 667 Africa Studio; 673 Besjunior; Gotsiridze; 531 6493866629; 532 Africa Studio, Erica Truex, 675 Jojoo64; 676 Africa Studio, Creative icon styles, CyrilLutz, GraphicsRF; 534 En min Shen, Samathi; 538 Gargantiopa; ParvinMaharramov, Joe Belanger, UltimaS; 680 artnLera, Kaspri; 539 balabolka, CameraOnHand; 540 Sommai damrongpanich; 681 smilewithjul, Standard Studio; 684 Kaiskynet Studio, liskus; 542 Iriskana, Maryna korotenko; 546 ImagePixel; 547 balabolka, 687 Hank Shiffman, Joe Belanger, jannoon028;688 Cbenjasuwan, Iriskana, nechaevkon, Zeligen; 548 Studio KIWI; 549 Hintau Aliaksei; Mtsaride, Mega Pixel, Yanas, rzstudio; 692 goran cakmazovic, 550 Mega Pixel; 551 Billion Photos; 552 Billion Photos; 553 Yellow marssanya; 700 valkoinen; 707 balabolka, endeavor; Cat; 554 serg_dibrova; 555 Domnitsky; 558 Tetiana Rostopira, Tiwat 709 KhanunHaHa, Ksuxa-muxa, Natasha Pankina; 710 palform, K; 559 FeellFree; 560 FeellFree; 561 Hsagencia; 564 Africa Studio, Sanzhar Murzin; 711 fotoscool, Irin-k, palform; 714 Anucha Tiemsom, Arka38, Tiwat K; 566 Valeri Potapova; 567 Alslusky; 568 Mega Pixel; Moxumbic; 715 yevgeniy11; 716 Effective stock photos, palform, 569 Anutr Yossundara; 570 vvoe; 571 Tiwat K, Tobik; 572 Arnon Tiwat-K; 718 Ksuxa-muxa, Roblan, Tiwat K; 719 STILLFX; 724 Sergey Phutthajak, goir; 574 Mark Herreid, smilewithjul; 576 Beautiful Sizov; 726 Natasha Pankina, M Kunz; 730 donatas1205; 731 boivin landscape, smilewithjul; 578 Krungchingpixs, Kubias; 585 SUN- nicolas; 732 Natasha Pankina, Evgeny Tomeev; 734 MicroOne; FLOWER; 588 DenisNata, Natasha Pankina; 589 baibaz; 592 Iriskana, 735 liskus, SHUTTER TOP; 736 Ksuxa-muxa, Palmform; Seregam; Roxana Bashyrova; 593 Brenda Carson; 594 Sumire8; 599 Africa 737 YUU-ME; 738 Vladislav Lyutov; 743 GO DESIGN, Suradech Studio; 600 Anton Havelaar, Iriskana; 602 Peter Kotoff; 603 Happy Prapairat; 744 Suradech Prapairat; 745 Optimarc; 746 Iriskana; monkey, Iriskana; 604 Iriskana, supachai sumrubsuk; 605 Ivan Smuk; 747 akiyoko; 752 Diana Elfmarkova, runLenarun; 753 artnlera, 606 Africa Studio, Iriskana; 608 Olena Mykhaylova; 609 Ruth Black; Redstone; 760 Nortongo; A5 Amfoto, Gts; A10 P Maxwell 610 Oleksandr Lysenko, Primiaou; 612 Elnur; 614 Ever; 615 Kellis, Photography Steve Collender, somchaij, Suzanne Tucker; 616 sabza; 617 Mega Student Handbook, appearing in Student Bookshelf and Pixel, Quang Ho, Kaiskynet Studio; 618 higyou, Kellis, posteriori, Teacher Guide only: HBi ArtMari, Rawpixel.com, Pixfiction, photo one somchaij, Suzanne Tucker; 619 chromatos, TerryM; Disavorabuth; HB1 Africa Studio, opicobello; HB2 iadams; 620 Chones, Kaiskynet Studio, kolopach, Quang Ho; 621 robert_s; HB3 Palabra; HB5 Havepino; HB6 Tatiana Popova; HB8 Chiyacat; 622 Iriskana bioraven; 625 Africa Studio, Keith Homan, somchaij, HB9 Kyselova Inna, Markus Mainka; HB10 ArtMari; Timmary; 626 Fleuraya, lacote, somchaij; 627 Hortimages; 628 Steve HB11 Disavorabuth; HB12 ArtMari, Disavorabuth; Collender, Lestertair; 630 Vector things; 631 gowithstock; 632 Steve HB13–HB14 ArtMari; HB18 Rawpixel.com Collender; 634 Fleuraya; 635 Maksym Bondarchuk; 636 Dorottya Mathe, Natasha Pankina; 637 Alina Cardiae Photography, Iakiv

©Curriculum Associates, LLC Copying is not permitted. A21 Acknowledgments

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©Curriculum Associates, LLC Copying is not permitted. A25 Maaike Boot; 556 HstrongART, Ljupco Smokovski; 557 design56; 558 Bborriss.67; 560 baibaz; 561 karen roach; 565 Tim UR; 566 Africa Studio; 567 Dionisvera, irin-k; 568 irin-k, Trofimov Denis; 571 Tiger Images; 574 PrimaStockPhoto; 577 Coprid; 578 Heymo, Monticello; 579 Elena Elisseeva; 582 Jaroslava V; 583 Sasha_Ivv, Myimages-Micha; 586 picamaniac; 588 Mega Pixel; 589 Motorolka; 590 Fotoksa, nimon, Pete Spiro; 592 Africa Studio; 594 Chones, Keith Wilson; 597 CWIS; 598 Evangelos, Gemenacom; 600 Montego; 601 Swardian; 602 Swardian; 605 Garantiopa; 606 Olga Nayashkova; 608 Africa Studio; 610 Eugene Onischenko; 611 GrigoryL; 612 Minur; 614 KarSol; 616 Fascinadora; 617 Heymo; 618 Ulrike Welsch; 620 VAV; 622 New Africa; 626 Peter Zvonar; 627 Steve Mann; 628 Deniza 40x; 630 Marieke Feenstra; 631 Deniza 40x; 632 Sanit Fuangnakhon, OnlyZoia; 633 Vilaiporn Chatchawal; 634 Ksokolowska; 635 JoemanjiArts; 638 Anastasia Sergeeva, M. Unal Ozmen, Hurst Photo, Gts, design56; 641 carlos castilla; 644 Akura Yochi, Ann_ saowaluk, Megaflopp, YK; 654 Photoonlife; 656 Optimarc; 659 Ian Scammell, liskus; 661 Mega Pixel; 665 d100, denisik11; 666 PloyBuraphon; 668 equinoxvect; 671 Veniamin Kraskov; 672 MR. RAWIN TANPIN, photka, Sergiy Kuzmin; 677 Veniamin Kraskov; 683 Artem Shadrin; 684 Hayati Kayhan; 693 Veniamin Kraskov; 694 DiamondGT, Gmlykin; 702 Dmitry Naumov; 703 Twin Design; 704 Photo Melon; 705 Mtlapcevic; 708 kamnuan; 713 Arthito; 715 grmarc, Petr Malyshev; 717 Farah Sadikhova, Zsolt Biczo; 718 Shah Rohani; 724 Elnur, hchjjl; 730 Farah Sadikhova, Vitezslav Valka; 736 photogal; 738 YaniSinla; 742 Farah Sadikhova, RusGri; 743 Butterfly Hunter, Mr. Alien; 749 George_C; 750 Andrii Cherniakhov; 752 Claudio Divizia, Kriangx1234; 753 wacomka; 754 Murat Irfan Yalcin, Nata9; 757 Aleksangel; 759 Tatiana Popova; 760 Nico99; 762 Nortongo; 763 Laborant; A3 Prostock-studio; A11 Trinacria Photo Student Handbook, appearing in Student Bookshelf and Teacher Guide only: HBi ArtMari, Rawpixel.com, Pixfiction, Disavorabuth; HB1 Africa Studio, opicobello; HB2 iadams; HB3 Palabra; HB5 Havepino; HB6 Tatiana Popova; HB8 Chiyacat; HB9 Kyselova Inna, Markus Mainka; HB10 ArtMari; HB11 Disavorabuth; HB12 ArtMari, Disavorabuth; HB13-HB14 ArtMari; HB16 Rawpixel.com

A26 ©Curriculum Associates, LLC Copying is not permitted. Acknowledgments

Common Core State Standards © 2010. National Governors Association Center for Best Practices and Council of Chief State School Officers. All rights reserved.

Illustration Credits All Illustrations by Tim Chi Ly

Photography Credits

Front Cover ©Bill Reitzel/Digital Vision/Getty Images; A3–A43 (background) ©Piotr Zajc/Shutterstock Images; A25 ©LWA/Dann Tardif/Getty Images; A34 ©Monkey Business Images, ©wavebreakmedia; HBi–HB17 (background) ©Piotr Zajc/Shutterstock Images; A1–A24 (background) ©Piotr Zajc/Shutterstock Images; B1–B25 (background) ©Piotr Zajc/Shutterstock Images

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Common Core State Standards © 2010. National Governors Association Center for Best Practices and Council of Chief State School Officers. All rights reserved. Illustration Credits All Illustrations by Tim Chi Ly

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Front Cover ©Paul Bradbury/OJO Images/Getty Images; A3–A43 (background) ©Piotr Zajc/Shutterstock Images; A25 ©LWA/Dann Tardif/Getty Images; A34 ©Monkey Business Images, ©wavebreakmedia; HBi–HB17 (background) ©Piotr Zajc/Shutterstock Images; A1–A28 (background) ©Piotr Zajc/Shutterstock Images; B1–B25 (background) ©Piotr Zajc/Shutterstock Images

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Acknowledgment 114 Fat Jackey/Shutterstock.com; 118 NazaBasirun/ Common Core State Standards © 2010. National Governors Shutterstock, Joe MoJo/Shutterstock, MookSmile/ Association Center for Best Practices and Council of Chief Shutterstock, donatas1205/Shutterstock; 119, 122 bazzier/ State School Officers. All rights reserved. Shutterstock, Kittichai/Shutterstock; 119 Lisa F. 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Bradley/Shutterstock, VIS Fine Ramos/Shutterstock, Alena Brozova/Shutterstock; iii, 186 Art/Shutterstock; 149 Josef Hanus/Shutterstock; 152 pictoplay/Shutterstock, 3DMI/Shutterstock; iv, 252 Danita glenda/Shutterstock, Marian Weyo/Shutterstock, Branko Delmont/Shutterstock, Le Do/Shutterstock; v, 312 Jovanovic/Shutterstock; 153 photoschmidt/Shutterstock; YamabikaY/Shutterstock; v, 335 visivastudio/Shutterstock, 154 iStock.com/Willowpix; 156 Paulo Oliveira/Alamy Stock Gino Santa Maria/Shutterstock; v, 403 Chutima Chaochaiya/ Photo; 158 Michelle Holihan/Shutterstock; 160 Shutterstock; vi, 420 jaroslava/Shutterstock; vi, 452 idreamphoto/Shutterstock; 162 Moonlightphoto/ RemarkEliza/Shutterstock; vii, 593 nour eddine salhi/ Shutterstock, M. Unal Ozmen/Shutterstock; 164 danilo Shutterstock; viii, 695 design56/Shutterstock; viii, 705 ducak/Shutterstock, scubadesign/Shutterstock; 168 D iStock.com/Dmytro Aksonov; 1, 97 DimiSotirov/ Stevenson/Shutterstock; 169 BERNATSKAIA OKSANA/ Shutterstock; 3 Romolo Tavani/Shutterstock; 4 Danita Shutterstock, GalapagosPhoto/Shutterstock; 171 Daboost/ Delimont/Alamy Stock Photo; 8 The Metropolitan Museum Shutterstock, Lec Neo/Shutterstock; 174 Somchai Som/ of Art, New York, Rogers Fund, 1907, stevemart/ Shutterstock; 175 Rynio Productions/Shutterstock, George Shutterstock; 12 alslutsky/Shutterstock; 14 Double-Matt/ Fairbairn/Shutterstock; 182 Sergey Novikov/Shutterstock; Shutterstock, Kamira/Shutterstock; 16 Witold Skrypczak/ 187 nolie/Shutterstock; 188 Tomas Ragina/Shutterstock; Alamy Stock Photo; 20 sergeykot/Shutterstock; 22 paul 191 benchart/Shutterstock; 194 kopbs2/Shutterstock; 196 prescott/Shutterstock; 30 NaughtyNut/Shutterstock; 31 Valentyna Chukhlyebova/Shutterstock, Checubus/ Oleksandra Naumenko/Shutterstock; 32 Courtesy of the Shutterstock; 197 Ty Hartlipp/Shutterstock; 198 iStock.com/ Library of Congress, LC-USF33-030783-M2, dimitris_k/ MATJAZ SLANIC; 201 S.Bachstroem/Shutterstock; 203 Hal Shutterstock; 36 DWI YULIANTO/Shutterstock; 37 Brindley/Shutterstock, Steinar/Shutterstock; 207 Shaun Fourleaflover/Shutterstock; 38 Dzmitrock/Shutterstock; 40 Jeffers/Shutterstock; 208 Macrovector/Shutterstock, Fredy Thuerig/Shutterstock; 42 terekhov igor/Shutterstock; Vectorpocket/Shutterstock; 209 salajean/Shutterstock; 211 45 Serg Salivon/Shutterstock, Kriengsuk Prasroetsung/ Anna Om/Shutterstock, reisegraf.ch/Shutterstock, Filip Shutterstock; 47 Sandra Cunningham/Shutterstock, Fuxa/Shutterstock; 217, 275 Tamakhin Mykhailo/ Yarygin/Shutterstock; 48 Nata-Lia/Shutterstock; 49 Melissa Shutterstock; 219 tsuneomp/Shutterstock; 231 Sky Cinema/ Sue/Shutterstock; 50 Susan Schmitz/Shutterstock; 55 Shutterstock; 233 FrameAngel/Shutterstock; 236 Steve onairda/Shutterstock; 59 Antonio V. Oquias/Shutterstock; Bower/Shutterstock, Volodymyr Goinyk/Shutterstock; 238 61 My Good Images/Shutterstock; 64 Production Perig/ Johnny Adolphson/Shutterstock; 240 GoProPk/ Shutterstock, Petr Nad/Shutterstock; 65 Binh Thanh Bui/ Shutterstock; 243 IrinaK/Shutterstock; 244 Michael J. Shutterstock; 66 Gabriela ZZ/Shutterstock.com; 81 Munster/Shutterstock.com; 246 Polushkina Svetlana/ Baloncici/Shutterstock; 83 Tiger Images/Shutterstock, Shutterstock; 248 Subphoto/Shutterstock; 253 grynold/ Vasileios Karafillidis/Shutterstock, NIPAPORN Shutterstock, tishomir/Shutterstock; 254 Matee Nuserm/ PANYACHAROEN/Shutterstock, marekuliasz/Shutterstock; Shutterstock, Vadarshop/Shutterstock; 260 ONiONA_ 86 Alchie/Shutterstock, Leigh Lather/Shutterstock, Steve studio/Shutterstock; 262 Izf/Shutterstock, Kenneth Cukrov/Shutterstock; 87 iStock.com/skynesher; 88 Sponsler/Shutterstock; 265 bonchan/Shutterstock, almaje/ Kamenetskiy Konstantin/Shutterstock; 99 rjmiguel/ Shutterstock, gowithstock/Shutterstock, greisei/ Shutterstock; 102 B Brown/Shutterstock; 106 Andrey Shutterstock, givaga/Shutterstock; 266 Viktory Panchenko/ Eremin/Shutterstock; 108 iStock.com/4x6, Ververidis Vasilis/ Shutterstock; 268 AngieYeoh/Shutterstock; 270 Andrey Shutterstock; 112 elnavegante/Shutterstock; Suslov/Shutterstock;

©Curriculum Associates, LLC Copying is not permitted. A1 Credits (continued)

273 Anton Starikov/Shutterstock, Fedorov Ivan Sergeevich/ 456 kojihirano/Shutterstock; 458 Aleksandr Simonov/ Shutterstock; 277 Jacob Boomsma/Shutterstock; 280 Gary Shutterstock; 459 Roman Samokhin/Shutterstock, doomu/ C. Togoni/Shutterstock, Flipser/Shutterstock; 281 cugdem/ Shutterstock; 460 ducu59us/Shutterstock; 462 Milkovasa/ Shutterstock; 282 Gilmanshin/Shutterstock.com; 284 Greg Shutterstock, iamlukyeee/Shutterstock; 467 AlenKadr/ Epperson/Shutterstock; 286 Ed Jenkins/Shutterstock; 291 Shutterstock, Andrew Burgess/Shutterstock, Mehmet szpeti/Shutterstock; 297 Media_works/Shutterstock; 298 Cetin/Shutterstock; 469 Lucky Business/Shutterstock; 481 aapsky/Shutterstock; 299 ifong/Shutterstock, Dudarev Pakhnyushchy/Shutterstock, Jure Divich/Shutterstock; 482 Mikhail/Shutterstock; 305, 353 dwphotos/Shutterstock; 307 donfiore/Shutterstock, Z.Kim/Shutterstock; 486 Cultura Stock-Asso/Shutterstock; 308 antpkr/Shutterstock, Photick/ Creative (RF)/Alamy Stock Photo; 493 Eivaisla/Shutterstock, Shutterstock; 309 Macrovector/Shutterstock; 312 aopsan/ Jiri Hera/Shutterstock, Trygve Funjelsen/Shutterstock; 494 Shutterstock; 329 TORWAISTUDIO/Shutterstock; 330 Gts/ iStock.com/jordacheir; 498 wk1003mike/Shutterstock; 502 Shutterstock; 338 Evdokimov Maxim/Shutterstock; 341 markku murto/art/Alamy Stock Photo, LLP collection/ stockcreations/Shutterstock; 342 iStock.com/vernonwiley; Alamy Stock Photo, Historic Collection/Alamy Stock Photo; 350 IB Photography/Shutterstock, Sergey Lavrentev/ 503 AwayIGI/Shutterstock; 512 violetblue/Shutterstock, Eric Shutterstock; 354 Miro Vrlik Photography/Shutterstock. Isselee/Shutterstock, NosorogUA/Shutterstock; 514 Han com; 355 ChameleonsEye/Shutterstock, Michael Jacobs/ maomin/Shutterstock; 523 Prokrida/Shutterstock; 525, 528 Alamy Stock Photo, Avi Rozen/Shutterstock, RnDmS/ CampCrazy Photography/Shutterstock, space_heater/ Shutterstock.com, ungvar/Shutterstock, Jewish Content Shutterstock; 525 space_heater/Shutterstock; 530 F1online Images/Shutterstock; 359 Dmod/Shutterstock, Lakeview digitale Bildagentur GmbH/Alamy Stock Photo; 531 Paul Images/Shutterstock, Photo Melon/Shutterstock; 360 vilax/ Glendell/Alamy Stock Photo; 532 Duncan Selby/Alamy Shutterstock, Pencil_man17/Shutterstock, Design tech art/ Stock Photo; 533 rbrown10/Shutterstock; 539, 629 Jordan Shutterstock, Mile Atanasov/Shutterstock, Thornton/ Tan/Shutterstock; 541 Pete Saloutos/Shutterstock; 556 Shutterstock; 362 voyata/Shutterstock, Volodymyr Burdiak/ Ammily CP/Shutterstock; 558 Vadim Georgiev/Shutterstock; Shutterstock; 364 FreshStock/Shutterstock, Zadiraka 560 Tei Sinthip/Shutterstock, Mary Swift/Shutterstock; 564 Evgenii/Shutterstock, IhorL/Shutterstock; 366 Protasov AN/ nuwatphoto/Shutterstock; 569 laura.h/Shutterstock; 574 Shutterstock; 370 In Green/Shutterstock; 373 Rinrinnn/ Hit1912/Shutterstock.com; 576 Kostsov/Shutterstock, Shutterstock; 375 nmedia/Shutterstock; 376 TATSIANAMA/ Ojele/Shutterstock; 578 PinkBlue/Shutterstock; 589 Shutterstock; 393 iStock.com/ilbusca, TerraceStudio/ loskutnikov/Shutterstock, Beata Becla/Shutterstock; 591 Shutterstock; 394 Photo by @_WILLPOWER_ from nappy.co; Tim UR/Shutterstock, Igors Rusakovs/Shutterstock, 396 Rich Carey/Shutterstock; 401 Oksana Mizina/ MasterQ/Shutterstock, Alexeysun/Shutterstock; 592 Shutterstock, Oil and Gas Photographer/Shutterstock; 409 Krasula/Shutterstock; 596 Inara Prusakova/Shutterstock; gresei/Shutterstock, Petr Malyshev/Shutterstock, 602 Binh Thanh Bui/Shutterstock, EggHeadPhoto/ weissdesign/Shutterstock, astudio/Shutterstock, Shutterstock, Simone Andress/Shutterstock; 605 Alexandra gusenynch/Shutterstock, razvart/Shutterstock, astudio/ Lande/Shutterstock; 607 Kris Wiktor/Shutterstock; 608 Shutterstock, RATOCA/Shutterstock; 410, 755 Africa Studio/ archideaphoto/Shutterstock; 624 Kostenko Maxim/ Shutterstock; 410 vander/Shutterstock, Pixfiction/ Shutterstock; 629 Phatthanit/Shutterstock; 635 The Shutterstock, andrea crisante/Shutterstock, Shablon/ Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York, Gift of Mr. and Mrs. Shutterstock; 411 BublikHaus/Shutterstock, Ajintai/ J. J. Klejman, 1966; 636 Kirsty Bisset/Shutterstock; 640 Shutterstock; 417, 447 Roka Pics/Shutterstock; 419 Eclipse Tawansak/Shutterstock; 656 donatas1205/Shutterstock; Production/Shutterstock; 420 Mette Sig/Shutterstock; 424 657 iStock.com/huseyintuncer; 663 Cynthia Shirk/ MRProduction/Shutterstock; 426 Mikbiz/Shutterstock.com; Shutterstock; 665 Naypong Studio/Shutterstock, paulista/ 428 Vladyslav Starozhylov/Shutterstock; 431 Youshij Shutterstock, Mike Flippo/Shutterstock; 671, 673 TOMO/ Yousefzadeh/Shutterstock; 432 Richard Levine/Alamy Stock Shutterstock; 682 Monkey Business Images/Shutterstock; Photo; 434 Pan_Da/Shutterstock.com, pittaya/Shutterstock. 685 Milosz Bartoszczuk/Shutterstock; 686 Bahadir Yeniceri/ com; 436 Ljupco Smokovski/Shutterstock; 437 niroworld/ Shutterstock, studiovin/Shutterstock; 697, 698 MISTER DIN/ Shutterrstock, GrashAlex/Shutterstock; 438 Ljupco Shutterstock; 700 SS pixels/Shutterstock, Sandeep Gore/ Smokovski/Shutterstock; 442 Daniel Fung/Shutterstock, Shutterstock; 702 Nearbirds/Shutterstock; 707 allstars/ GrandeDuc/Shutterstock, Sergey Nivens/Shutterstock; 449, Shutterstock, Lorelyn Medina/Shutterstock; 708 ronstik/ 488 Oleksiy Mark/Shutterstock; 454 Jeffrey M Horler/ Shutterstock, Vladimir Wrangel/Shutterstock; 716 biagacis/ Shutterstock, Gregory E. Clifford/Shutterstock.com; Shutterstock; 717 Yuriy Redkin/Shutterstock;

A2 ©Curriculum Associates, LLC Copying is not permitted. 718 JoseSAPhotos/Shutterstock; 722 JpegPhotographer/ Shutterstock, My name is boy/Shutterstock; 728 Margo Basarab/Shutterstock; 729 All for you friend/Shutterstock, Photo Melon/Shutterstock; 730 User01/Shutterstock; 731 iStock.com/Alyssum; 742 Titima Ongkantong/Shutterstock; 747 Bipsun/Shutterstock; 748 Rashevskyi Viacheslav/ Shutterstock, MARCHPN/Shutterstock; 755 Jinning Li/ Shutterstock, Bessapics/Shutterstock, siamionau pavel/ Shutterstock; 757, 760, 764 SpicyTruffel/Shutterstock; 757, 760 SeneGal/Shutterstock, andrewvect/Shutterstock, La Gorda/Shutterstock, YourElechka/Shutterstock; 757 Heritage Image Partnership Ltd/Alamy Stock Photo, Gallica Digital Library, Fer Gregory/Shutterstock; 761 Jezper/ Shutterstock; 762 HiSunnySky/Shutterstock, Se-rgey/ Shutterstock; 764 Julia Musdotter/Shutterstock, d1sk/ Shutterstock; 765 Science & Society Picture Library/Getty Images; (smartphone) guteksk7/Shutterstock; (tablet) EVZ/ Shutterstock

©Curriculum Associates, LLC Copying is not permitted. A3 Credits

Acknowledgment 204 MyImages - Micha/Shutterstock; 209 Denise Lett/ Common Core State Standards © 2010. National Governors Shutterstock, ppart/Shutterstock, Anne Kramer/ Association Center for Best Practices and Council of Chief Shutterstock; 210 Piotr Wytrazek/Shutterstock, Gina Stef/ State School Officers. All rights reserved. Shutterstock; 216 April Cat/Shutterstock; 218 Andrey_ Kuzmin/Shutterstock, Vismar UK/Shutterstock; 220 Sergey Mironov/Shutterstock; 223 caimacanul/Shutterstock; 225 Photography Credits aradaphotography/Shutterstock; 227 Diane Garcia/ Cover: Taras Hipp/Shutterstock Shutterstock; 230 Pratchaya.Lee/Shutterstock; 231 Back Cover: 104 Aleksandar Grozdanovski/Shutterstock; YAKOBCHUK VIACHESLAV/Shutterstock; 232 Naruedom 274 Bennyartist/Shutterstock, Tiger Images/Shutterstock, Yaempongsa/Shutterstock, JIANG HONGYAN/Shutterstock; Nata-Lia/Shutterstock 234, 268, 348 Africa Studio/Shutterstock; 235 Ermolaev Text: iii, 93 kuzmaphoto/Shutterstock, Artens/Shutterstock; Alexander/Shutterstock; 237 Blake Alan/Shutterstock; 238 iii, 79, 115 Makhh/Shutterstock; iv, 177 iStock.com/MR1805, iStock.com/SarahPage; 240 pukkhoom_nokwila/ solarseven/Shutterstock; iv, 214 Carlos Caetano/ Shutterstock.com; 242 David Porras/Shutterstock; 246, 448, Shutterstock; iv, 294 Elena Noeva/Shutterstock, theendup/ 584 Eric Isselee/Shutterstock; 247 Manuel Ascanio/ Shutterstock, IFH/Shutterstock; v, 349 JIANG DONGYAN/ Shutterstock.com; 249 Anatoli Styf/Shutterstock; 253 Shutterstock, Eddgars/Shutterstock; v, 435 CoolimagesCo/ ccarvalhophotography/Shutterstock; 254 Inspired by Maps/ Shutterstock; vi, 459 StockImageFactory.com/Shutterstock; Shutterstock; 256 nullplus/Shutterstock, Anna Sastre vi, 522 Sascha Burkard/Shutterstock, Vaclav Volrab/ Forrellad/Shutterstock; 259, 260 Thomas Soellner/ Shutterstock; vii, 642 Volodymyr Nikitenko/Shutterstock; viii, Shutterstock; 260 Pop_Studio/Shutterstock; 268 Madlen/ 747, 748 Photimageon/Alamy Stock Photo; viii, 774 Lopris/ Shutterstock; 269 Parinya Feungchan/Shutterstock; 270 Shutterstock; 1, 3 kosolovskyy/Shutterstock; 4 Vadym Cultura Creative (RF)/Alamy Stock Photo; 275 Dan Andrushchenko/Shutterstock, MarinaD/Shutterstock; 15 Breckwoldt/Shutterstock; 278 WDG Photo/Shutterstock; 281 donsimon/Shutterstock.com; 16 Sarawut Aiemsinsuk/ Nathapol Kongseang/Shutterstock; 282 home_sweet_ Shutterstock; 17 ne2pi/Shutterstock, Cube29/Shutterstock; home/Shutterstock; 286 Photo Melon/Shutterstock, Mego 24 chanchai howharn/Shutterstock, eakasarn/Shutterstock; studio/Shutterstock; 288 Tim Jones/Alamy Stock Photo; 293 31 NANTa SamRan/Shutterstock, MLWatts/Wikimedia Marques/Shutterstock, Anton Kozyrev/Shutterstock, Felix Commons/CC0 1.0; 44 ma3d/Shutterstock, Alex Tuzhikov/ Lipov/Shutterstock; 296 Dawid Galecki/Shutterstock; 302 Shutterstock; 45 Stock-Asso/Shutterstock, Amish Spirit; 48 Maria Kolpashchikova/Shutterstock; 309 Anton Gvozdikov/ Stanislav Samoylik/Shutterstock, MaxCab/Shutterstock; 65 Shutterstock; 310 Lightspring/Shutterstock, Tyler Olson/ GraphicsRF/Shutterstock; 73 FrameStockFootages/ Shutterstock; 314 Dmytro Zinkevych/Shutterstock; 315 Ev Shutterstock, Anna Komissarenko/Shutterstock; 81 Thomas Thomas/Shutterstock; 316 Fascinadora/Shutterstock; 320 Dutour/Shutterstock; 83 Michael Kraus/Shutterstock; 94 Mikayel Bartikyan/Shutterstock; 329 Kolpakova Daria/ Daniel Doerfler/Shutterstock; 95 mTaira/Shutterstock, Shutterstock; 331 stephan kerkhofs/Shutterstock, Andre qonchajabrayilova/Shutterstock; 114 Piyawat Seale/Alamy Stock Photo; 336 Konrawat/Shutterstock; 337 Nandeenopparit/Shutterstock; 116 hrui/Shutterstock; 121, Seashell World/Shutterstock; 339 Volodymyr Goinyk/ 122 Greg A Boiarsky/Shutterstock; 128 Photographee.eu/ Shutterstock, Alex Stemmer/Shutterstock; 345, 387 Shutterstock; 137 Anna Nahabed/Shutterstock; 138 ezphoto/Shutterstock.com; 347, 506, 668 New Africa/ Trompinex/Shutterstock; 139 ottoflick/Shutterstock; 142 Shutterstock; 348 Archi_Viz/Shutterstock; 353 Dja65/ Gearstd/Shutterstock; 143 Isaac Mok/Shutterstock.com; 159 Shutterstock, Picsfive/Shutterstock; 357 HEX LLC./Alamy iStock.com/Carol Hamilton; 164 Ambient Ideas/ Stock Photo; 359 Laura Crazy/Shutterstock; 360 Shutterstock; 165 iStock.com/Talaj; 167 Yulia YasPe/ theskaman306/Shutterstock; 361 adidas4747/Shutterstock; Shutterstock; 173, 197 lovelyday12/Shutterstock; 175 364 dgbomb/Shutterstock; 365 Greg Epperson/ denio109/Shutterstock; 180 Willyam Bradberry/ Shutterstock; 366 worldinmyeyes.pl/Shutterstock; 368 Shutterstock; 181, 182 Julien Tromeur/Shutterstock; 185 LM bowoedane/Shutterstock, Infinity T29/Shutterstock; 370 Photos/Shutterstock; 186 CastecoDesign/Shutterstock; 187 spaxiax/Shutterstock, ben bryant/Shutterstock; 371, 372 Chandan Dubey/Moment/Getty Images; 188 Iakov Charlesy/Shutterstock, Kriengsuk Prasroetsung/ Filimonov/Shutterstock.com; 190 sirtravelalot/Shutterstock; Shutterstock; 372 fotorince/Shutterstock; 374 Mykola 191 Vaclav Sebek/Shutterstock; 195 foodonwhite/ Mazuryk/Shutterstock, Iakov Filimonov/Shutterstock, Shutterstock; 199 FocusDzign/Shutterstock.com; 202 Sergey elena09/Shutterstock; 377 Pixel-Shot/Shutterstock; Novikov/Shutterstock; 203 kurhan/Shutterstock; 380 Chubarov Alexandr/Shutterstock;

©Curriculum Associates, LLC Copying is not permitted. A1 Credits (continued)

381 leolintang/Shutterstock; 385, 498 Fotokostic/ 558 ma3d/Shutterstock; 559 akiyoko/Shutterstock; Shutterstock; 388, 393 adike/Shutterstock; 388 EVZ/ 562 Kwangmoozaa/Shutterstock, Take Photo/Shutterstock; Shutterstock; 389 iStock.com/ByronD; 392 Sugarless/ 564 Sean Pavone/Shutterstock; 566 faak/Shutterstock; Shutterstock; 393 RGB Ventures/SuperStock/Alamy Stock 569 prapann/Shutterstock, Peter Olsson/Shutterstock, Photo, Linda Bucklin/Shutterstock, PHOTO JUNCTION/ Michal Ninger/Shutterstock, Elnur/Shutterstock; 570 vvoe/ Shutterstock; 394 Willyam Bradberry/Shutterstock; Shutterstock, Sementer/Shutterstock, serg_bimbirekov/ 397 Brocreative/Shutterstock; 399 Marc Romanelli/Tetra Shutterstock, Andrej Antic/Shutterstock; 572 Rashevskyi Images/Getty Images; 400 Reid Dalland/Shutterstock; Viacheslav/Shutterstock; 574 David P. Lewis/Shutterstock, 403 Jim David/Shutterstock, iweta0077/Shutterstock; Vitalii Hulai/Shutterstock; 577 xpixel/Shutterstock; 578 407 Claudio Rampinini/Shutterstock, Olga Dubravina/ RinArte/Shutterstock, Kanunnikov Vasyl/Shutterstock; 579 Shutterstock; 409 jamesteohart/Shutterstock; 416 Gary Yayayoyo/Shutterstock; 581 Evgeny Karandaev/Shutterstock, Saxe/Shutterstock; 419 Ammit Jack/Shutterstock; 421 Amitofo/Shutterstock; 586 Lydia Vero/Shutterstock; 588 3DMAVR/Shutterstock; 422 Izf/Shutterstock; 436 Miceking/ Mike Flippo/Shutterstock, Sergiy Kuzmin/Shutterstock, Shutterstock; 437 hobbit/Shutterstock; 439 Nataliia K/Shutterstock; 590 Sebastian Janicki/Shutterstock; TayebMEZAHDIA/Pixabay; 445, 447 Alina Lavrenova/ 593 John Le/Shutterstock; 594 arka38/Shutterstock; 596 Gts/ Shutterstock; 453, 454 Rost9/Shutterstock; 460 Noah Shutterstock; 597 G. Ronald Lopez/Alamy Stock Photo; 601 Seelam/AFP/Getty Images; 464 Marco Rubino/Shutterstock; GraphicsRF/Shutterstock; 602 Irina Fischer/Shutterstock; 606 464 videoduck/Shutterstock; 468 aldarinho/Shutterstock; Jango/Stockimo/Alamy Stock Photo; 607 Yoshed/ 469, 470 Fenton/Shutterstock; 474 Kateryna Kon/ Shutterstock; 608 B Christopher/Alamy Stock Photo; 612 Shutterstock, Triff/Shutterstock; 475 Rvector/Shutterstock, Runrun2/Shutterstock, Ivailo Nikolov/Shutterstock; 617 KPG_Payless/Shutterstock; 476 Kia Nakriz/Shutterstock; 490 Stanislav Samoylik/Shutterstock; 618 Photoexpert/ bluehand/Shutterstock; 491 View Apart/Shutterstock.com; Shutterstock; 626 HelloRF Zcool/Shutterstock; 630 mihalec/ 492 Maxx-Studio/Shutterstock; 493 r0ma4/Shutterstock; 496 Shutterstock, You Touch Pix of EuToch/Shutterstock; 636 imageBROKER/Alamy Stock Photo; 497 iStock.com/ iStock.com/oonal; 657 alicanozgur/Shutterstock; 664 iStock. kyoshino; 500 Alex Mit/Shutterstock, BlueberryPie/ com/Katiekk2; 668 MACVON/Shutterstock, Macrovector/ Shutterstock, iStock.com/LueratSatichob; 502 Ermolaev Shutterstock; 670 naramit/Shutterstock; 672 art of line/ Alexader/Shutterstock; 503 SoleilC/Shutterstock, kornn/ Shutterstock; 674 Nyura/Shutterstock; 679, 682 Gines Valera Shutterstock; 504 Chatchai Somwat/Shutterstock; 506 Marin/Shutterstock; 679 tgavrano/Shutterstock, Travelerpix/ Teacherx555/Shutterstock, iambasic_Studio/Shutterstock, Shutterstock; 685 J Davidson/Shutterstock; 687 Seksun Moolkum/Shutterstock; 511, 755 Tiger Images/Shutterstock; Guntanid/Shutterstock, Baronb/Shutterstock; 693, 695 Denis 511 soleilC/Shutterstock, Dancestrokes/Shutterstock, Ilya Belitsky/Shutterstock; 700 Erik Lam/Shutterstock; 707 Andriyanov/Shutterstock, Khumthong/Shutterstock; Matushchak Anton/Shutterstock, JoemanjiArts/ 513 Neirfy/Shutterstock; 514 Oleksiy Mark/Shutterstock; 515 Shutterstock; 710 Racheal Gazias/Shutterstock; 716 Aphelleon/Shutterstock; 518, 546 NASA; 519 Taiga/ freesoulproduction/Shutterstock; 718 JeniFoto/Shutterstock; Shutterstock, mikeledray/Shutterstock, topseller/ 723 Rawpixel.com/Shutterstock; 724 3000ad/Shutterstock; Shutterstock; 520 gg-foto/Shutterstock; 524 ixpert/ 725 PixieMe/Shutterstock; 728 Monkey Business Images/ Shutterstock; 525 Paul Crash/Shutterstock; 526 Chase Shutterstock; 730 Samuel Borges Photography/Shutterstock; Dekker/Shutterstock; 528 Lou Linwei/Alamy Stock Photo; 734 mipan/Shutterstock; 735, 736 Yaran/Shutterstock; 738 532 Poelzer Wolfgang/Alamy Stock Photo; 534 iStock.com/ Sergey Korkin/Shutterstock; 741 PetlinDmitry/Shutterstock; muendo; 534 iStock.com/Antagain; 539 Lidiya Oleandra/ 745 Jenna Hidinger/Shutterstock; 755 Tiger Images/ Shutterstock, iStock.com/Holcy, Goran Bogicevic/ Shutterstock; 756 MilkyM/Shutterstock; 757 Khaled Shutterstock; 540 Checubus/Shutterstock; 541, 544 Christos ElAdawy/Shutterstock; 762 Grigorita Ko/Shutterstock; 766 Georghiou/Shutterstock; 541, 544, 548 Siberian Art/ Ienjoyeverytime/Shutterstock; 767 Venus Angel/ Shutterstock; 543 mijatmijatovic/Shutterstock; 546 Shutterstock; 772 Josep Curto/Shutterstock; 777 Ana Prego/ nattha99/Shutterstock, John Rossie/AerospaceEd.org, 3D Shutterstock; 779 9george/Shutterstock; 784 Michael D sculptor/Shutterstock; 547 Karl Yamashita/Shutterstock, Brown/Shutterstock; 785 David P. Smith/Shutterstock; 786 Barry Diomede/Alamy Stock Photo; 548 Golden Sikorka/ Flat art/Shutterstock; 787 Jeff Zehnder/Shutterstock, Bushko Shutterstock; 549 gyn9037/Shutterstock; 555, 595 oxygen/ Oleksandr/Shutterstock, Varavin88/Shutterstock; Moment/Getty Images; 557 Natalya Erofeeva/Shutterstock; (smartphone and laptop) guteksk7/Shutterstock

A2 ©Curriculum Associates, LLC Copying is not permitted. Acknowledgments

Acknowledgment Data Sets Common Core State Standards © 2010. National Governors Association 336 https://nutritiondata.self.com; 336 FoodData Central (2019). U.S. Center for Best Practices and Council of Chief State School Officers. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service. Retrieved from All rights reserved. fdc.nal.usda.gov.; 336 https://www.nutritionix.com

Photography Credits 7 Robert Lucian Crusitu/Shutterstock; 23 leungchopan/Shutterstock; 45 alphaspirit/Shutterstock; 67, 697 Rawpixel.com/Shutterstock; 89 vchal/ Shutterstock; 111 Roman Zaiets/Shutterstock; 149 comzeal images/ Shutterstock; 171 Sfocato/Shutterstock; 199 Phovoir/Shutterstock; 211 Bogdan Florea/Shutterstock; 233 Andrey Armyagov/Shutterstock; 271 Monkey Business Images/Shutterstock; 283 Nikonaft/Shutterstock; 311 science photo/Shutterstock; 349 Steven J Taylor/Shutterstock; 361 iStock.com/sturti; 389 Chutima Chaochaiya/Shutterstock; 401, 507 Gorodenkoff/Shutterstock; 439 3Dsculptor/Shutterstock; 463c The Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York, Gift of Mr. and Mrs. J. J. Klejman, 1966, Josell7/Wikimedia Commons/CC BY 4.0; 467 Alexander Gold/ Shutterstock; 479 Dima SideInikov/Shutterstock; 545 Barry Blackburn/ Shutterstock; 557 Cholpan/Shutterstock.com; 573 sima/Shutterstock; 585 Dragon Images/Shutterstock; 609c Yongcharoen_kittiyaporn/ Shutterstock, Alhovik/Shutterstock; 613 asharkyu/Shutterstock; 625 bibiphoto/Shutterstock; 663 Dusan Petkovic/Shutterstock; 675 SeventyFour/Shutterstock; 719 TORWAISTUDIO/Shutterstock; 741 hxdbzxy/Shutterstock

©Curriculum Associates, LLC Copying is not permitted. Acknowledgments B12 Acknowledgments

Acknowledgment Common Core State Standards © 2010. National Governors Association Center for Best Practices and Council of Chief State School Officers. All rights reserved.

Photography Credits 7 Gorodenkoff/Shutterstock; 35 Christopher Elwell/Shutterstock; 51 ShiningBlack/Shutterstock; 63 EarnestTse/Shutterstock; 85 Sebastian Duda/Shutterstock; 101 AleksejLysenko/Shutterstock; 139 koya979/ Shutterstock; 151 GLandStudio/Shutterstock; 173 SvetlanaSF/Shutterstock; 185 Andriy Blokhin/Shutterstock; 219c Valadzionak Wolha/Shutterstock; 223 vanchai tan/Shutterstock.com; 235 3000ad/Shutterstock; 257 phloxii/ Shutterstock; 279 wavebreakmedia/Shutterstock; 311 Michal Bellan/ Shutterstock; 333 shooarts/Shutterstock; 341c Art Collection 2/Alamy Stock Photo; 345 all_about_people/Shutterstock; 357 Nadir Keklik/Shutterstock; 379 Pavelis/Shutterstock; 423 Andrey_Popov/Shutterstock; 451 Margoe Edwards/Shutterstock; 473 ESB Basic/Shutterstock; 485 kryzhov/ Shutterstock; 507 JPC-PROD/Shutterstock; 545 Rattiya Thongdumhyu/ Shutterstock; 569c Kostenko Maxim/Shutterstock; 573 EQRoy/Shutterstock. com; 591c Merydolla/Shutterstock; 595 zlikovec/Shutterstock; 611 Jules_ Kitano/Shutterstock; 633 Courtesy of the Library of Congress, LC-USZ62-83338; 677 VTinoco/Shutterstock; 689 panumas nikhomkhai/ Shutterstock; 711 calimedia/Shutterstock.com; 733 Daniel M Calderon/ Shutterstock

©Curriculum Associates, LLC Copying is not permitted. Acknowledgments B12 Acknowledgments

Acknowledgment Common Core State Standards © 2010. National Governors Association Center for Best Practices and Council of Chief State School Officers. All rights reserved.

Photography Credits 3c Pictorial Press Ltd/Alamy Stock Photo; 7 Unholy Vault Designs/ Shutterstock; 19 Aquarius Studio/Shutterstock; 47 sampono_art/ Shutterstock; 85 ANRIR/Shutterstock; 97 Georgejmclittle/Shutterstock; 119 logoboom/Shutterstock; 141 zhengzaishuru/Shutterstock; 179 Baloncici/Shutterstock; 201 varandah/Shutterstock.com; 229 Suzanne Tucker/Shutterstock; 251 fizkes/Shutterstock; 273 Celiafoto/Shutterstock; 285 Andrey_Popov/Shutterstock; 313 Love Silhouette/Shutterstock; 351 nata-lunata/Shutterstock; 363 Gorondenkoff/Shutterstock; 391 Milan Ilic Photographer/Shutterstock; 413 Edgloris Marys/Shutterstock.com; 451 Lopolo/Shutterstock; 473 K_E_N/Shutterstock; 495 Nor Gal/ Shutterstock; 517 muratart/Shutterstock; 561 Erikson Stock/Shutterstock; 583 Richard Paul Kane/Shutterstock.com; 599 NASA/JPL-Caltech; 617c Universal Images Group North America LLC/Alamy Stock Photo; 621 Viappy/Shutterstock; 633 Holmes846/Shutterstock; 661 Tooykrub/ Shutterstock.com; 699 beboy/Shutterstock; 727 Gregory E. Clifford/ Shutterstock.com; 749 Sergieiev/Shutterstock; 761 tsyhun/Shutterstock

©Curriculum Associates, LLC Copying is not permitted. Acknowledgments B12