MAUERPARK BERLIN: BALANCING THE EDGE OF A PARK BETWEEN URBAN VIBRANCY AND COMMEMORATION 1 BERLIN, MAUERPARK.

Fig. 1: Entry at PARKSZEGÉLY PEZSGŐ VÁROS Eberswalder Strasse during the Sunday Flea Market expresses activities ÉS EMLÉKHELY HATÁRÁN of the park at the edge of the street (courtesy of t. vollmer, 2017)

SZERZŐ / BY: HTTPS://DOI.ORG/​ FRANK SLEEGERS 10.36249/55.56.2

that is diverging from the educational architecture like Mauerpark as they goal of commemoration integrate arti- are an expression of their time and facts of a memorial? How will the recent any reconstruction will always result directive of lowering intensive activities in shortcomings of authenticity and at the edges of Mauerpark define the potentially social-cultural values. gateway and what is are the anticipated qualitative changes from formal-artistic and social-perceptive perspectives? BACKGROUND AND INTRODUCTION Finally, how does this relate to conse- quences of reconstructing historic parks. Mauerpark Berlin was opened in 1994 The paper compares the design qual- on the former Death Strip of the Berlin ities of the previous entry situation until Wall. Designed by renowned German ABSTRACT of an underground retention tank at 2018 with the new design that consid- landscape architect Gustav Lange as the southern entrance of Mauerpark. erate the planned display of the arti- a winning entry of a design competi- Mauerpark Berlin was opened in 1994 One artifact is the entrance of a 1963 facts of the memorial and the recent tion in 1992, the park became soon a on the former Death Strip of the Berlin escape tunnel, the other one is a guidelines that discourage activ- vibrant and free-spirited urban place Wall. Designed by renowned German vehicle barrier from the former forti- ities at the edges of Mauerpark. This for markets, open-air concerts and landscape architect Gustav Lange, the fications. Consensus amongst histo- study touches on revealing Gustav diverse random activities outdoors park became soon a vibrant and free- rians and stakeholders of Mauerpark is Lange’s layered design concept through (Fig.1). Today, Mauerpark is consid- spirited urban place. Today, Mauer- that both are significant artifacts and personal conversations and exploring ered a Gesamtkunstwerk and protected park is considered a Gesamtkunstwerk should be integrated into Mauerpark as his philosophy and design language. by copyright. In the fall of 2020 Mauer- and protected by copyright. In the part of the Berlin Wall Memorial. This Findings are that the planned design park will double its grounds to the west fall of 2020 Mauerpark will double its will change the perception and use of integrates the memorial-related inter- with a Lange-authored design (Mauer- grounds with a Lange-authored design Mauerpark at one of the most active ventions and provides an invitational park Phase II) that commensurate that commensurate with the 1994 park. entrances. Another relevant factor gesture through a new tree-grid that with the 1994 park in the east (Fig.2). Mauerpark is also located adjacent to that is going to impact Mauerpark in begins at the edge of the street and Mauerpark is also located adjacent the terminus of the 1.4 km Berlin Wall the future is related to the intensive dissolves into the park. From another to the terminus of the 1,4km long Memorial that commemorates and illus- use of the park. Recent adminis- perspective, the new edge of Mauerpark Berlin Wall Memorial that memo- trates the history of Germany's division. trative directives recommend limiting dilutes Lange’s concern for clarity. It rizes the history of Germany's division In January 2018, two artifacts from activities at the edges of the park. teaches us the importance of iden- during the Cold War (Berliner Mauer, the time of the separation of East and How can a park as a Gesamt- tifying, conserving and maintaining 2020). Over the last decades these West were found during construction kunstwerk with a character and mission our landmark pieces of landscape two public spaces coexisted close to

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Fig. 2: Mauerpark Fig. 3: Berlin Wall Phase I and II Memorial on - Overall plan with Bernauer Strasse and major design the location of the elements and south entry geometries designed Eberswalder Strasse each other without negative interfer- Mauerpark is located (Prenzlauer, 1 Friends of Mauerpark [Freunde des can a memorial with educational goals study. Further knowledge was gener- by Gustav Lange. at Mauerpark as red ences and their own agenda (Fig. 3). 2019). Therefore, local, community- Mauerparks e.V.] are a grassroots organi­ being integrated into Gesamtkunstwerk ated through conversations with the The design of phase rectangle (Berliner zation that is been committed to preser­ Mauerpark Phase I Mauer, 2000). In January 2018, two artifacts from the driven strategies for Mauerpark ving and promoting Mauerpark and mi­ti­ of a with a substantially diverging char- landscape architect Gustav Lange and was constructed time of the separation of East and West recommend limiting activities at the gate between local residents and users acter and mission, and how does the understanding his design philosophy from 1994-1997. The were found during construction of an edges of the park (Freunde, 2020).1 recent directive of lowering intensive and language through collaboration design of Mauerpark Phase II is expected underground 7400 cubic meter storm- The paper compares the design qual- activities at the edges of Mauerpark in the design process (Author, 2020). to be constructed by water retention tank at the southern ities of the previous entry situation define the new gateway at Eberswalder fall of 2020. entrance of Mauerpark (Fig. 4). One before the works on the retention tank Strasse? What do these changes of artifact is the entrance of a 1963 escape with the new one that will be completed the recent design from 2020 mean for HISTORY OF THE AREA BEFORE tunnel, the other one is a historical in the fall of 2020. This study also the formal and socio-cultural qualities MAUERPARK vehicle barrier from the former boundary touches on revealing Gustav Lange’s in comparison to the original design? fortifications. Consensus amongst histo- layered design concept and explores his These findings are applicable to other In the early 1800’s, the eastern area of rians and stakeholders of Mauerpark is philosophy and design language. The parks and plazas in landscape archi- Mauerpark served as a parade ground that both are significant artifacts illus- paper assesses the recent design plans tecture and will lastly reveal more of for the Prussian army. Ironically this trating the impact of the Berlin Wall at its from 2019 to 2020 at the southern entry Gustav Lange’s rather undocumented was also one of the places of the 1848 time. Therefore, they will be integrated Eberswalder Strasse that a) accommo- design philosophy and language. This German revolution when 20,000 into Mauerpark as part of the Berlin dates a new entry integrating Mauerpark is important to understand, value, workers protested against the Prussian Wall Memorial (Tagesspiegel, 2018). East (Phase I) and Mauerpark West preserve or restore and maintain his King to obtain higher wages, regulated Another relevant factor that is going (Phase II); b) revisits the unmapped oeuvre in Berlin and elsewhere. working hours and the right for free to impact Mauerpark in the future design before the building of the education. In 1877, the area served as is related to the high popularity and retention tank and compare it to Lange’s the freight railyard for the Berlin Nord- intensive use of the park. Concerns by original design concept from 1994; c) METHODS bahnhof as the southern terminus of adjacent neighbors have significantly accommodates the artefacts from the the Berlin Nordbahn. After the second increased over the last ten years and are Berlin Wall that were discovered in Mapping from aerial photographs, anal- world war the railyard was renamed mainly related to noise in the evenings January 2018; and d) responds to the ysis of the original design concept, into Güterbahnhof Eberswalder Straße and at night. The overuse is also related recent guidelines that limiting intensive analytical drawings, and tracing [Freight Railyard Eberswalder Straße] to a trend in most European and other activities on the edges of Mauerpark. of unpublished construction docu- and part of West Berlin. In 1961, after the metropolises all over the world – tourism This study will therefore delve into ments created the basis for this study. building of the Berlin Wall, only a small is a growing industry and impacts not revealing the diverse layers of the land- Online research for background infor- part of local freight traffic remained and only the core areas of cities but also scape in history and the original design mation on the Berlin Wall Memorial, was finally closed in 1985. Remnants their surrounding neighborhoods such concept and execution of Mauerpark and history of the site, contemporary uses of the railyard are integrated in the as the district of Prenzlauer Berg where respond to the following questions: How and cultural context supported the 2020 design of Mauerpark Phase II.

30 MAUERPARK BERLIN: BALANCING THE EDGE OF A PARK BETWEEN URBAN VIBRANCY AND COMMEMORATION | 4D 55-56. SZÁM 2020 | 31 Fig. 4: Traces of the Fig. 5: Random and escape tunnel spontaneous 4 5 (foreground) and vegetation in the cut-off vehicle seams and gaps of barriers (background) the naturally-broken during excavation granite blocks that work on the create a consistent retention tank on theme of materials January 9, 2018 at Mauerpark (photo by author, (photo by author, 2018) 2017)

absorb the slope of the new soil layer and city of Berlin decided to build a 7400 create a legible, architectural gateway to cubic meter stormwater retention Mauerpark that provides multiple oppor- tank just at the entry of Mauerpark, tunities to sit and gather or perform. The it resulted in a complete removal of grove of trees would start right at the top about 40 aspen trees and one pyramid of the stairs and would dissolve further poplar that had – over the years From 1961 to 1989 the eastern area this void, this wide and open field – from 2 Hamburg-based landscape architect down in the park to invite for free move- become an important landmark for of Mauerpark was part of the “Death a Prussian parade ground, to a rail- Gustav Lange won the design compe­ ment and activities of any kind. Special the entrance. While the city had guar- tition and Mauerpark opened officially Strip” between the border fortifica- yard, to a death-strip, to a park that lives on November 9th of 1994, the fifth anni­ places were defined as geometric, form- anteed the replacement of removed tions “Hinterlandmauer” [Inner Wall] the city. Mauerpark includes smaller, versary of the falling of the Berlin Wall. based carrees of trees or voids defined trees, they did not survey the trees and Vorderlandmauer [Outer Wall]. special places as legible design inter- Lange, also Professor for Landscape by robust slabs of naturally-broken that were cut down beforehand. Architecture at the University of Kas­ “Death Strip” commemorates that at ventions that are expressed through sel (GER) has comprehensive portfo­ granite stone as legible and distinct Another event impacted the entry situ- least 140 people were killed when basic geometric forms such as circles, lio of built work that expands all over interventions. At Eberswalder Strasse, ation at Mauerpark: From December 2017 crossing the border from east to west squares and rectangles that contrast Germany and includes many renow­ Lange conceptualized the grove of trees to January 2018, two artifacts from the ned projects in Berlin (GER) such as the (Berliner Mauer, 2020). One notable with the sensation of openness (Fig. Mauerpark Berlin, the courtyards for the as a dissolving grid of European aspens time of the separation of East and West detail at Mauerpark is that Schwedter 2). Mauerpark accommodates incen- German Bundesrat, or the Narva Cour­ (Populus tremula). These were selected were found during construction of the Strasse was the western boundary tives for diverse and flexible, sponta- tyards (Stimmann, 2001). Lange also because their leaves would flicker in stormwater tank (Fig. 4). One artifact authored the artwork “Treppe ins Nichts” of East Berlin until 1988 when West neous modes of appropriation by groups [Stairway to Nothing] as a symbol of the light and salute people to enter and is the entrance of a 1963 escape tunnel, Berlin sold a 50-meter-wide strip of the or individuals and self-driven activi- democracy against the royal plaza at the define Mauerpark’s character as a place the so-called „Weinstein-Fluchttunnel“. railyard. The remnants of border forti- ties. Lange believes that gaps and seams contemporary art exhibition documenta of dynamics and vibrancy. European This tunnel was never completed and IX in Kassel (GER). The stairway was fications that were found in January of are the free space of the city. Sponta- later destroyed by the mayor of the city. aspens grow naturally on open wood- caused the people from East Berlin that 2018 were part of the Berlin Wall from neity is essential for life and applies 3 The location of the “Vorderlandma­ lands and usually on poorer soils. This were involved severe punishment from 1961. After the falling of the wall in 1989, to people and vegetation alike. Within uer” 1989 will be also visible on the gro­ seemed to be a good choice for the park. the East German Government (Dressler, und with a 50 cm-wide strip out of two the area was soon used as an informal formal-spatial framework there is still strips of steel and a double row of cobble 2018). The other artifact is a historical park which led to the announcement of space for randomness - straying vege- stones. vehicle barrier from the period of the the official Mauerpark design compe- tation and people (Fig. 1, Fig. 5) 4 Mauerpark II was designed by Lange GROWTH AND WITHERING cold war. Consensus amongst historians from 2011 in collaboration with the Buer­ tition in 1992 that was won by Gustav gerwerkstatt included many sugges­ OF THE GROVE and stakeholders of Mauerpark was Lange.2 Most of the eastern part of tions from local residents and stake­ that both are significant artifacts illus- Mauerpark was realized by fall of 1994. ORIGINAL DESIGN ENTRY holders. The Berlin-based office BBS The planting of the dissolving grove trating the impact of the Berlin Wall at its partnered with Lange to develop design EBERSWALDER STRASSE 1994 development and construction docu­ represents a simple idea that was time. Therefore, they will be integrated ments and leading the construction executed poorly. Almost three quarters of into Mauerpark as part of the Berlin DESIGN OF MAUERPARK When Gustav Lange designed the entry supervision. In the construction super­ the first generation died shortly after the Wall Memorial (Tagesspiegel, 2018). vision phase, Lange is authoring the of Mauerpark at Eberswalder Strasse, he artistic supervision of the project. opening of the park in 1994, two thirds of The main elements of the 1994 Mauer- envisioned a grove of trees that would the second generation of replanted trees park are the grand open meadow as a guide visitors in the park providing did not last long, and a third generation THE BERLIN WALL MEMORIAL clearing in the city, an embankment shade and comfort in the hot summer that was planted in 2009 finally created ON BERNAUER STRASSE with the 300-meter-long “Hinterland- days. Mauerpark, was provided with a a modest canopy of trees (Krüger, 2019). mauer”, the Schwedter Straße as the 0.45m to 1.00m base of topsoil on the Aerial photographs that were retrieved The Berlin Wall Memorial on Bernauer demarcation of the “Vorderlandmauer” former death strip. Grown with plants from 2000 to 2016 (google 2000, 2006, Strasse is the central memorial located until 1988, and the western edge that and green it would create a new layer on 2015, 2106) show that Lange’s idea of on the 1.4-kilometer former border delineates the “Vorderlandmauer” of a mentally contaminated site that was a dissolving grove of trees never really strip and one of four locations that are 1989. This line creates the actual transi- ready to write a new story. At the side- came to fruition (see also Fig. 7). supported by the Berlin Wall Founda- tion between the design from 1994 and walk of Eberswalder Strasse, a flight of The gateway at Eberswalder Strasse tion. The mission of the 2008-founded the Mauerpark II.3, 4 The park redefines up to eight, wide and low steps would had to face more challenges. After the foundation is to document and provide

32 MAUERPARK BERLIN: BALANCING THE EDGE OF A PARK BETWEEN URBAN VIBRANCY AND COMMEMORATION | 4D 55-56. SZÁM 2020 | 33 information about Berlin Wall and the Corten steel construction that frames opportunities to sit on the stairs. The 2016) shows a rather loose configuration German division and the East–West and protects the remnants of the former grid dissolves towards the interior of of trees of different canopies and a subtle 6 7 8 conflict. Under this mission, histor- vehicle barrier and also carries boards the park through increase of spacing legibility of the grid as formal planting ical sites and authentic remains are for information display (Fig. 8 and 9). of trees in the axes from south to north scheme. This perception is reinforced preserved to create places of commem- Berlin-based Landscape architects and omission of trees towards the when analyzing photos taken from the oration (Berliner Mauer, 2020). The (SINAI) and architects (Winkelmüller center of the park. This design feature ground. The grove demonstrates a high main locations and artifacts of the and ON architektur) are responsible creates small clearings that suggest degree of incoherency due to missing memorial are located further west for the design (Sinai-Winkelmüller-ON, small rooms in the grove. While the individual trees and the presence of Fig. 6: Design Plan Fig. 8: Design plan along Bernauer Strasse while the 2019). These three firms have already grid creates a strong sense of unity and trees at various ages and health and from 1994 with the from 2020 with entrance for the Mauerpark at Eber- worked collaboratively on the Berlin coherence, it is balanced with strate- even species. Another perspective is that original planting existing and swalder Strasse is located at the Wall Memorial on Bernauer Strasse. gical omissions and exceptions to creates the images on the ground demonstrate concept: Trees in a proposed European dissolving 5.50 m x aspen trees in a 7.50 eastern end of the memorial (Fig. 3). a sense of looseness and spontaneity. a high intensity and diversity of uses at 5.50 m, polygonal m x 7.20 m grid, and As far as the execution of the original the entrance Eberswalder Strasse. Street grid (Lange 1994). the location of the ANALYSIS design idea can be evaluated - the performers use the sidewalk as their Sectional elevation memorial with facing east from artifacts (Lange DESIGN CONCEPT OF DISPLAYING analysis of aerial photographs from stage while people sit individually or in 1994 design plan. 2020). Sectional ARTIFACTS OF THE BERLIN WALL 1994 Design Entry Eberswalder Strasse the past has some limitations – is groups on the stairs watching. The edge Fig. 7: Aerial elevation facing east AT MAUERPARK The design displays a grove of 45 aspen that the design was executed more or Eberswalder Strasse invited for polit- Photograph 2016 from 2020 design (source: plan. trees in a polygonal grid that relates to less after the plans of 1994 (Fig. 6). ical demonstrations and gatherings – google, 2016) The entrance of the Mauerpark at Eber- the orientation of Schwedter Strasse in short - the free and liberal spirit of swalder Strasse will display the surface in the east, Eberswalder Strasse in the 2016 Design Entry Eberswalder Strasse Mauerpark had its place not only in the of the entry of the escape tunnel with south, and the alignment of the 1989 Aerial photographs (google 2015, google interior of the park but was also carried a rectilinear Corten steel plate and Berlin Wall. The first line of trees starts 2016) show the layout of the tree loca- out to the public streetscape (Fig. 1). the contours of the foundation of a at the top of the flight of seven to eight tions. Various images available online former railyard building, the remnants stairs with a tread of 1.00 m and a show character and social values of the 2020 Design Entry Eberswalder Strasse of the foundations of the Berlin Wall at total riser of 0.14 m. Beyond walking, entry Eberswalder Strasse. Then aerial The design displays a grove of 50 newly Schwedter Strasse, and a 1.00 m high this configuration allows for multiple photograph from June 2016 (google, planted European aspen trees in a

34 MAUERPARK BERLIN: BALANCING THE EDGE OF A PARK BETWEEN URBAN VIBRANCY AND COMMEMORATION | 4D 55-56. SZÁM 2020 | 35 ÖSSZEFOGLALÓ

polygonal grid equivalent to the 1994 Eberswalder Strasse was an important References BERLIN, MAUERPARK. lehetséges egy összművészeti alkotás- design with the difference of applying place for social interaction and spon- AHLHAUSEN, EIKE (2016): Vom Todesstreifen zum Hotspot. PARKSZEGÉLY PEZSGŐ VÁROS nak számító, az emlékhely nevelési cél- https://magazin-forum.de/de/news/freizeit/vom-todesstreifen- a 7.50m x 7.20m grid. The first line of taneous, self-driven, cultural activities. zum-hotspot, as accessed February 15, 2020 ÉS EMLÉKHELY HATÁRÁN jától jelenleg eltérő karakterű és ren- trees starts at the edge of the sidewalk. Maintaining these activities was discour- AUTHOR (2020): Conversations with Gustav Lange in Anker, deltetésű parkban a történelmi emlé- The grid dissolves towards the interior aged through the new design program. 2016-2020. A berlini Mauerparkot 1994-ben adták át kek beillesztése? Hogyan befolyásolja BERLINER MAUER (2020): https://www.berliner-mauer-gedenk- of the park and mingles with about 10 staette.de/en/, as accessed February 15, 2020 a berlini fal egykori halálzónája helyén. a parkszegélyek intenzív használatá- aspen trees that survived the construc- BERLIN PARKS (2020): https://www.berlin.de/en/parks-and- Az ismert német tájépítész, Gustav Lange nak mérséklésére irányuló útmuta- tion work of the stormwater tank. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION gardens/3561684-4407152-mauerpark.en.html, as accessed által tervezett park rövid idő alatt életteli tás a „kapu szerepet”, és milyen minő- February 15, 2020 The flight of five stairs starts approx- DRESSLER, TORSTEN (2018): Abschlussbericht zur archäologis- és szabad szellemiségű városi helyszínné ségi változások várhatók formai-művészi imately 12.50m from the sidewalk to Before reconstruction, the open- chen Untersuchung im Mauerpark Berlin-Pankow, OT Prenzlauer vált. A Mauerpark ma már összművé- valamint a társadalmi befogadás szem- allow the placement of the Berlin Wall minded philosophy of Mauerpark was Berg, Ecke Bernauer Str. / Eberswalder Str./ Schwedter Str. szeti alkotásnak (Gesamtkunstwerk) pontjából? Végül, hogyan kapcsolódik 30.05.2018 for BWB (Unpublished). artifacts on the lower level adjacent to a tangible experience at the street FREUNDE (2020): Freunde des Mauerparks e.V [Friends of számít, és szerzői jogi védelem alatt áll. mindez a történelmi parkok helyreállí- Schwedter Strasse. There, the grid of edge of Eberswalder Strasse. In the Mauerpark], https://www.mauerpark.info/?lang=en, as accessed 2020 őszén a park területe duplájára tásának általános követelményeihez? trees is interrupted through the loca- future, Mauerpark will lose the street February 15, 2020 nőtt, egy, az 1994-eshez hasonló méretű A cikk összeveti a korábbi parkbejá- KRÜGER, BERND, (2020): Conversations with Bernd Krüger. tions of the artifacts while continuing edge literally and metaphorically. Freunde des Mauerparks, 2019-2020. területrész hozzácsatolása révén, amely- rat kertépítészeti megjelenését a törté- evenly and crossing the flight of stairs The entry will now provide easy flow LANGE, GUSTAV (1994): Entwurf Mauerpark April 1994, nek tervét ugyancsak Lange jegyzi. nelmi emlékek tervezett elhelyezésé- into the park. Like the original design and intermediate refuge and shelter Hamburg. (Unpublished). A Mauerpark közelében található az vel és a Mauerpark szegélyei használatá- LANGE, GUSTAV (2020): Entwurfsplanung Mauerpark, 2. BA from 1994, the planting scheme creates from the streetscape. The memo- 2015-2020, Anker. (Unpublished). 1,4 km hosszúságú „Berlini fal emlék- nak mérséklésére vonatkozó irányelvek a strong sense of unity and coher- rial will add a moment of reflection. PRENZLAUER (2019): Touristen, verteilt euch. https://www. hely”, amely Németország egykori meg- figyelembevételével megvalósuló új ence, while it is balanced with omis- The new design for the entrance prenzlauerberg-nachrichten.de/2019/02/25/touristen-verteilt- osztottságát szemlélteti, és állít annak kialakítással. A tanulmány Gustav Lange euch/ as accessed February 15, 2020 sions and exceptions that respond to cannot be seen without the context SINAI-WINKELMÜLLER-ON (2019): Sondagen am Mauerpark, emléket. 2018 januárjában egy föld többrétegű tervkoncepciójának bemuta- existing trees and artifact (Fig. 8). of how the use of the park and public Berlin, 18.09.2019 (Unpublished). alatti csapadékvíz-tározó építése során tására is kitér, személyes beszélgetések, spaces has heavily increased over the STIMMANN, HANS (2001): Neue Gartenkunst in Berlin. Nicolai a kelet–nyugati megosztottság időszaká- valamint a tervezői filozófia és az alkal- Verlag, Berlin. last decade – cities and places becoming TAGESSPIEGEL (2018): Fluchttunnel am Mauerpark soll nak két emléke került felszínre a Mauer- mazott stíluselemek ismertetése révén. FINDINGS major tourist destinations can wear Gedenkstätte werden. https://www.tagesspiegel.de/berlin/ park déli bejáratánál. Az egyik egy 1963- A megállapítások szerint a terve- heavy on just maintaining parks and raus-aus-der-ddr-fluchttunnel-am-mauerpark-soll-gedenkstaette- ból származó menekülőalagút bejárata, zett kialakítás szervesen integrálja az werden/24150440.html, as accessed February 15, 2020 The 2020 design is characterized keep trees alive. The new design entry a másik az egykori határzár egy úttor- emlékhelyhez kapcsolódó beavatkozá- by trees as living elements overlap- Eberswalder Strasse also reflects lasz-eleme. A történészek és a Mauer- sokat, és a rácshálózatba ültetett facso- ping stairs as architectural elements another age of planning and designing in park révén érdekelt felek egybehangzó porttal invitál látogatásra, amely az of the landscape. The design responds public. Designing for public space today véleménye szerint mindkettő fontos kor- út szélétől indulva fokozatosan beol- to the new directives inhibiting activi- involves an inclusive approach that is dokumentum, és ennek megfelelően a vad a parkba. Más szempontból nézve a ties on the edges. The canopy of Euro- weighing the specific claims of a diverse berlini fal emlékhely részeként helyet Mauer­park új szegélye megbontja Lange pean aspen trees creates a design layer society. In this context, the 2020 design kell kapnia a parkban. Ennek nyomán az letisztultságra irányuló törekvését. that unifies the diverse elements of the is a product of the spirit of the time. egyik leginkább használt bejáratnál meg- A bemutatott esettanulmány a tájépí- entry, including the memorial-related Contrastingly, the edge of Mauerpark változik a park tematikája és használata. tészet Mauerparkhoz hasonló, meghatá- interventions and provides an invita- at Eberswalder Strasse will dilute Egy további, a Mauerpark jövőjére nézve rozó alkotásai számbavételének, védel- tional gesture through a new tree-grid Lange’s design principle of formal jelentős hatást gyakorló tényező a terü- mének és fenntartásának fontosságára that begins at the edge of the street clarity. This teaches us the importance let intenzív használatából fakad. Az aktu- tanít, amelyek egy adott korszak meg- and dissolves in the park. Planted at of identifying, conserving and main- ális hivatali irányelvek a park szegélyei- nyilvánulásai, és megújításuk minden the same time and with the prospect taining our landmark pieces of land- nél a használat korlátozását javasolják. esetben az eredetiség és esetenként a of being planted and maintained more scape architecture like Mauerpark. A Mauerpark összetett jellege kap- társadalmi-kulturális értékek rovására carefully than the previous genera- They are an expression of their time and csán számos kérdés vetődik fel. Hogyan történik. ◉ tions of aspens, these trees provide authenticity cannot be reconstructed. the opportunity to create a sense of coherence that is stronger than in the These findings and insights were made previous state of 2016. With the phys- possible through the opportunity of ical intervention of the memorial, a working together with Gustav Lange and new layer will be introduced into the the support of his family. The author is park that reveals a meaningful layer of most thankful for this trust and the past. Pre-reconstruction, the entry friendship. ◉

36 MAUERPARK BERLIN: BALANCING THE EDGE OF A PARK BETWEEN URBAN VIBRANCY AND COMMEMORATION | 4D 55-56. SZÁM 2020 | 37