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Index

Abdul Muis, see Muis, Abdul Australia, 14, 31, 90–1, 97, 111, 115, 149, 172, 202, Abendanon-Mandri, Rosa, 42 218–20 ABRI (Angkatan Bersenjata Republik Indonesia), Australian Embassy bombing 2004, 222 see military Australian military, 90, 91, 101, 102 Aceh, 10–13, 18, 57, 90, 106–7, 123, 141, 143, 162, Australians in Bali bombing, 222–3 185–6, 196, 222, 231–2 tsunami in, 232 Bakin, see BIN Affandi, 157 Bakrie, Aburizal, 230–1 Ahmad Dahlan, Kiai Haji, 54–7 Bali, 21, 22, 30, 47, 60, 62, 71–2, 84, 85, 103, 122, Aidit, D. N., 98, 111, 126, 134, 156, 155, 160, 157, 132–3, 135, 141, 159, 161, 163–4, 198, 217–18, 159–64, 244 229, 232 AJI (Aliansi Jurnalistik Independen), bombings, 184, 222, 223 see Independent Journalists’ Alliance North, see Singaraja Ambarawa, 31 South, 14, see also Denpasar Ambassador of Society, 131, 157 tourism in, 196, 204, 215, 225 Ambon, 11, 13, 23, 64, 66, 91–3, 143 Bali Beach Hotel, 171 anti-Chinese riots, see Chinese Bali Cliff Hotel, 188 Muslim community, 92 Balikpapan, 91 religious violence, 218, 221 Bal Tiga, see Three Balls see also Maluku Banda, 85, 238 anti-colonial revolts, 46–7 Bandung, 43, 67, 74, 82, 88, 100, 104, 220, 237 Anti-Revolutionary Party, 17 Bandung Conference, 130 Ap, Arnold, 185 Bangka, 53, 64 Arabic language, 55, 56 Banjarmasin, 54 Arabs, 61, 68, 79, 120 Basyir, Abu Bakar, 184, 221–2 aristocracy, 15–16, 22–2, 34–7, 40–3, Batak region and people, 23, 47, 53, 60, 109 86 Batam, 196, 205, 215 Armenians, 31, 51, 61 Batavia, see Jakarta army, see military batik, 2, 27, 36, 41, 55, 66, 67, 68, 76, 96, 140, 189 Aru, 49 Beauty (Permai) movement, 124 Asia-Africa Conference, see Bandung Conference becak, 74, 96, 133, 196, 197 Asian ﬁnancial crisis, 209–10, 220, see also Belitung, 53, 64 International Monetary Fund ‘Bengawan Solo’, 72 Assistant Resident, 14 Bengkalis, 138 Association of Indonesian Muslim Intellectuals Bengkulu, 85, 119, 237 (ICMI), 205–6 Berkeley Maﬁa, 168 ‘association policy’, 22, 28 Bhakti, see Devotion

297

298 Index

bicycles, 54, 68, 139, 199 civil service, 14–15, 37, 63, 65, 73, 77, 92, 119, 128, Billiton Tin Co., 18 138–40, 149, 166, 192–3, 211, 224, 233–4, BIN, 223 see also aristocracy Bintang Timur, see Star of the East clothing, 29, 66–7, 102, 130, 133, 139, 189, BKR,seemilitary see also batik; textile and clothing industries Blitar, 84, 163 cloves, 68, 192, 225 Blora, 33, 34–5, 41, 43–6, 54, 87–8, 94, 114, 125, Cockroach Opera, 186, 190 127, 165, 234 coffee, 18, 50, 69, 129, 139, 147, 200 Boediono, 242 Cokroaminoto, Raden Haji Umar Said, 77–8, Borneo, see Kalimantan 80, 82, 238 Borobudur, 18–19, 30, 67, 183 colonialism, see Netherlands East Indies Boven Digul, 82, 85, 90, 111, 238 Colonial School for Girls and Women, 29 Brebes, see Three Regions Comal Sugar Estate, 30, 50, 107 Bre-X, 209 ‘comfort women’, 92–3 British, 10, 21, 90, 100–104, 155, see also Malaysia Comintern, 82, 243 Brooshooft, Piet, 17 Communist Party of the Indies, see Communist Brotodiningrat, Raden Mas Adipati, 39, 58 Party of Indonesia BTI, see Peasants’ Front of Indonesia Communist Party of Indonesia (PKI), 79, 80, Buddhists, 1, 47, 122 82, 85, 88, 90, 99, 107, 111–14, 124, 126, 128, Budi Utomo, see Highest Endeavour 134–6, 146–7, 148, 156, 158, 167, 234, 244 Bugis, 53, 61, 199–200, see also Sulawesi destruction of, 147, 160–5, 175, 177, 182, 234, Buru, 5, 92–3, 147, 165, 174, 178, 202 240 Busang, see Bre-X Concordia Club, 66 Confrontation, 154, 156, 160, 166, 244 cars, 54, 60, 68, 73, 133, 140, 212 consensus, see democracy cassava, 45, 158 Constitutional Court, 234 Catholic Party, 126, 167 Constitutions, 6 Catholics, see Christians 1945, 122, 148, 150, 165–6, 237 Catri, Ni Made, 84 1949, 118, 148 Celebes, see Sulawesi 1950, 118, 122, 127, 129, 148 Cepu, 72, 112, 114, 123 Controleurs, see District Ofﬁcers China, 72, 75, 86, 126, 130, 151, 155, 160, 230 coolies, see labour Chinese, 1, 17, 29, 31, 45, 61, 63, 64–6, 68–70, 72, copra, 18, 21, 45, 137 86, 88, 90, 105, 108, 120, 165 ‘Corrupted life of the big city’, 73–5 anti-Chinese riots, 79, 91, 95, 102, 103, 163, corruption, 1, 39, 40, 63, 78, 140, 141, 159, 170, 171, 211, 217 182, 193, 203–4, 210–11, 223–4, 229, 230, legislation against, 149, 224 233–4, see also Bre-X; Corruption; Pertamina as middlemen and business partners, 141, 169, Corruption, 128, 135, 140 191, 207, 215 corvee´ labour, 37–9, 43, 47, 81, 93–4, 96, 99 prejudice against, 4, 68–70, 76, 120, 191, Coup, see 30th September Movement 221 Couperus, Louis, 15, 23, 30, 32 Christians, 2, 6, 23, 47, 89, 91–2, 122, 143, 199, Cultural Manifesto, 157, 159 214, 217–18, 220, 221 customs service, 193, 215 CIA, 144, 152, 157–8, 160, 162, 172 Cimalin, 31 dangdut, 190 cinema, see ﬁlm industry Dani, 189 cinnamon, 225 Darul Islam,seeHouse of Islam Cipto Mangunkusumo, 83 Daughters of the Indies, 43 Civil Servants’ Association, 40, 75 Dayak, 47, 124, 137, 220

Index 299

death rites, 48 education, 22, 26, 41–2, 57, 60–1, 75, 83, 91, 98, decentralisation, see Netherlands East Indies: 120, 135–6, 155, 159, 179, 194, 197–8 administration; Regional Autonomy elections, 113, 125, 146, 165, 167, 175, 180–2, 185, Defenders of the Homeland, 97 207, 211, 234 Deli, 18–19, 52, 73, 108 1955, 127, 239 democracy, 2, 21, 111, 121, 123, 125–7, 144, 168, 1999, 220–1, 241 226, 229, 233–4, 241, see also elections; 2004, 221, 227–8, 242 Guided Democracy 2009, 221, 242 Democratic Party of Indonesia, 167, 182, see also suffrage 208 Ellinger, Laura, 15 Democratic Party of Indonesia-Struggle, see Email (company), 132 Megawati English language, 180 Democrat Party, see Yudhoyono ‘Ethical Policy’, 17–18, 24, 42, 46, 76 Denpasar, 60, 220 Eurasians, 29, 31, 65, 71, 78, 102–3, 105, 107, 149 Department of Education and Public Worship, Evatt, H. V., 115 41 Exalted Guest, The, 128–9 depression (1880s), 16, 18 Depression (1929–32), 21, 30, 51–2, 54, 73–4 family planning, 194 development state, 190–5 famine, 46–7, 95, 168 Devotion, 132 Fatherland Club, 28 Dewantoro, Ki Hajar, see Suwardi Suryaningrat 15th January Upheavals, 171 District Ofﬁcers, 15, 31, 81 Fighting Cocks, 49–50, 107, 109 Djelantik, Anak Agung Made, 60–2, 163 ﬁlm industry, 72–3, 97, 128, 134, 170, 197 DPR,seePeople’s Representative Assembly Five Principles, 121–2, 148, 166, 177, 179, 182, drought, 54, 158, 195, 209, see also famine 237 Duchateau, Maria, 85 Five Principles Youth Movement, 181, 232 Dukun Santat killings, see ninjas Flores, 23, 85, 137, 215, 232, 237 Dunia Bergerak, see World in Motion food, 29, 44–5, 48, 68, 74, 138, 210, see also Durga Umayi, 6 famine; rice Duta Masyarakat, see Ambassador of Society football, see soccer Dutch, 11, 16, 17, 42, 77, 100, 116, 143 Free Aceh Movement, 185, 232 army, see military, colonial Freeport, 217, 223 imperialism, 10 Fretilin, 172, 185–6 language, 17, 26, 42, 63–4, 66, 170 post–WWII, 31, 120, 137, 148–9 GAM,seeFree Aceh Movement relationship with indigenous regents, GANEFO, 152 see aristocracy Garden of Indonesia in Miniature, 170, 172, see also Netherlands East Indies, ‘pures’, 188–9 ‘stayers’ Garden of Pupils, see Suwardi Suryaningrat Dutch East Indies Company, see United East Garuda Indonesian Airways, 183, 223, 227 India Company Garut, 30, 81, 123 Gerakan Seni Rupa Baru Indonesia, see New Art East Timor, 142, 172, 185–6, 188, 199, 206, Movement 217–18, 220, 224, 234, 241, 244 Gerwani,seeWomen’s Movement economy, 20–1, 32, 136–8, 155, 168–9, 191–2, 204, Gesang, 72 228, 229–30, see also Asian Financial Crisis; Gestapu,see30th September Movement depression; famine; International Monetary Golkar, 149, 166–8, 181, 185, 206, 208, 230, 241, Fund; living conditions; monetary policy; 242, 244 traders Goodyear, 74

300 Index

de Graeff, Governor General Jonkheer A. C. D, Independence, 31, 78, 92, 99, see also nationalism 9, 32 Independent Journalists’ Alliance, 212 Great Depression, see Depression India, 2, 17, 115, 217 Greater East Asian Co-Prosperity Sphere, 86, 88 Indians, 61, 103 Green Revolution, 194–5, 197 Indies Party, 23, 76, 242 guerrilla warfare, 11, 13, 115–16, 123, 141, 163, 185 indirect rule, 14–15, 37 Guided Democracy, 4, 5, 118, 144, 147–52, 154, Indo-China, 90, 130 159, 237 Indonesian Democratic Party, Gunung Kidul, 158 see Democratic Party of Indonesia Gus Dur, see Wahid, Abdurrahman Indonesian language, 1, 64, 82, 169, 180, see also Malay de Haas, J. H., 25, 31 Indonesian Muslim Intellectuals’ Association, see Haasse, Hella, 27 Association of Indonesian Muslim Habibie, B. J., 191, 205–7, 212, 218, 220, 224, Intellectuals 227, 231, 241 Indonesian Women’s Movement, see Women’s Hague, The, 29 Movement haj, see pilgrimage to Mecca Indonesia Raya, see ‘Indonesia the Great’ Halim, Abdul, 239 ‘Indonesia the Great’, 82, 96, 121, 132 Halim Airforce Base, 160, 177 Indos, see Eurasians Hamengkubuwono VII, 35, 40 Inem the Sexy Maid, 170 Hamengkubuwono IX, 103, 116, 119, 167, 172, International Monetary Fund, 168, 210, 224 240 Irian ( Jaya), see West Papua Hamka, 157 Islam, 1, 6, 23, 44, 47, 49, 54–8, 79, 80, 81, 83, 92, Harahap, Burhanuddin, 239 122–3, 137, 182–4, 190, 202, 218, 221–2, 225, Hardi (Raden Soehardi Adimaryono), 179 235 Harmonie Club, 30, 66 international, 130, 183, see also pilgrimage to Hasan, Mohamad Bob (The Kian Seng), 165, Mecca 207, 209, 227 see also Association of Indonesian Muslim Hasyim Asya’ri, Kiai Haji, 54–8 Intellectuals; Hizbut Tharir; House of Hatta, Muhammad, 98–100, 110, 112–13, 115, 123, Islam; Jemaah Islamiyah; Masyumi; 126, 143, 144, 237, 238, 242 militias: Muslim; Muhammadiyah; Haz, Hamzah, 221, 241 Nahdlatul Ulama; PKS; United health care, 25–6, 74, 139, 155, 193–4 Development Party Hendra Gunawan, 121, 157 Islamic Council of Indonesia, see Masyumi Heutsz, General J. B. van, 13–16, 18, 63, 102, 145 Islamic League, 76–80, 82, 84, 85, 239, 243 Heutsz,J.B.van,Jr.,28 Islamic Traders’ League, 75 Hidden Force, The, 15, 30 Ismail, Tauﬁq, 158 Highest Endeavour, 75 Ismail, Usmar, 128–9, 140–1, 157, see also Exalted Hinduism, 1, 47, 56, 122, 217, see also Bali Guest, The Hizbullah, 97, 123, see also militias; Muslim Isteri Sadar, see Women Aware Hizbut Tahrir, 229 ‘It’s Not a Night Market’, 125 Hotel des Indies, 30 House of Islam, 118, 123–4, 141, 143, 144, 182–3, jago, see Fighting Cocks 240, 244 Jakarta, 1, 4, 5, 7, 10, 13, 14, 20, 25, 29, 61, 62, 64–5, 70–1, 74, 78, 89, 91, 98, 99, 100, ICMI,seeAssociation of Indonesian Muslim 102–3, 108, 114, 116, 120, 123, 132, 133–5, 139, Intellectuals 140, 144, 145, 146, 152–3, 156, 161–2, 164, Idrus, 102 169, 170, 171, 179, 183, 191, 192, 196, 197, income, 18, 22, 38, 52, 73–4, 138–40, 156, 193, 197 200, 204, 205, 208, 211, 221–2, 238, 240

Index 301

population, 63, 97, 121, 132, 211 Komando Jihad, see Jihad Command Japanese, 2, 31, 86–100, 104, 106, 109, 113, 115, Konfrontasi, see Confrontation 119, 125, 126, 129, 171, 193, 200, 238 Konstituante, see People’s Consultative Assembly Jatinegara, 121 Korean War, 137 Java, 1, 3, 6, 9, 10, 17, 18, 20, 24, 25, 32, 34–5, 42, KPM (Koninklijke Paketvaart Maatschappij), 20 45, 49, 60, 72, 90–2, 94, 95, 96, 100, 103, kretek cigarettes, 67–8, 71, 192, 198, 234 126, 127, 141, 149, 156, 159, 161, 181, 183, 188, kroncong, 71–2, 97, 179 192, 198, 220, 223 Kudus, 44, 49, 68, 79 Central, 6, 36–40, 50, 55, 67, 71, 76, 82, 93, Kupang, 10 112, 114, 123, 158, 162–3, 189, 198, 233–4, see also Blora; Jepara; Kudus; Madiun; labour, 17, 19–20, 22, 28, 50–3, 68–9, 73–4, 108, Rembang; Semarang; Surakarta; Three 121, 133, 140, 146, 156, 194–5, 197–8, 214–15, Regions; Yogyakarta see also corvee´ East, 47, 52, 56, 95, 105, 114, 116, 159, 196, 198, Lampung, 184, 199 208, 216, 230, 234, see also Blitar; Jombang; Lamusa Dindi Datok Kramat, 124 Kediri; Malang; Pasuruhan; Surabaya land control, 37, 39, 46, 106, 158–9, 201 West, see Sunda Lapindo Brantas disaster, 230 see also Jakarta Leiden University, 15, 89, 151 Javanese language, 43, 63, 64, 81, 93 Lekra,seePeople’s Culture Institute Jemaah Islamiyah, 184, 221–2 Liberal Party, 16, 18 Jepara, 41, 80 Light of the Indies, 78, 80 Jews, 61, 222 living conditions, 25, 74, 120–1, 131–2, 137–40, Jihad Command, 183 156, 170, 205, 225, 228, see also famine, Jogjakarta, see Yogyakarta health care Jombang, 55, 57 Locomotive, The (De Locomotief), 17 Juanda Kartawijaya, Raden, 240 Lombok, 11–13, 56, 168, 215 Juliana, Queen, 31 Lords of the Tea, 27 Just King, 49, 82 LSM,seenon-governmental organisations Lubis, Mochtar, 141, 150, 157–8 Kalimantan, 1, 14, 54, 56, 64, 84, 90–1, 106, 123, ludruk, 159 127, 137, 138, 196, 199–200, 209, 220, 231, Lunas, Mangku, 199 233 Central, 152 Madiun, 39, 62, 109 East, 47 Affair, 112–16, 146, 156, 162, 240, 243 South, 102, 124 Madura, 17, 22, 35, 46, 52, 94, 200 West, 149 maids, see servants see also Balikpapan; Banjarmasin; Dayak; Makasar, 10, 61, 91, 103, 154 Pontianak Malang, 60, 72, 108 Kalla, Yusuf, 242 Malari, see 15th January Upheavals Karsten, Thomas, 24, 30, 31, 112, 116 Malay (language), 1, 20, 26, 63–4, 69, 77, 81 Kartini, Raden Ajeng, 34, 41–3, 77, 107, 121, 151 Malaya, see Malaysia Kartini Schools, 43, 58 Malaysia, 13, 90–1, 142, 208, see also Kartosuwiryo, S. M., 123, 183 Confrontation Kayam, Umar, 6–7 Malik, Adam, 167, 172, 178, 240 Kediri, 162 Maluku, 10, 14, 91, 127, 143, 218, see also Ambon; Kenpeitai, 94–5, 99 Aru; Banda; Buru; Morotai; Seram; Tidore Kerinci, 225 Manado, 13, 23, 64, 66, 233 Killings of 1965–8, see 30th September Mandar, 124 Movement Mangunkusumo, Cipto, see Cipto

302 Index

Mangunwijaya, Romo, 6–7 MPR, see People’s Consultative Assembly Manikebu, see Cultural Manifesto Muhammadiyah, 57–8, 206, 239, 243 MANIPOL-Usdek, 146 Muhdi Akbar, 56 Marco Kartodikromo, Mas, 72, 75, 77, 79, 82, Muis, Abdul, 79, 81, 85, 151 123, 157 Munir, Said Thalib, 223 Marriott Hotel bombings, 222–3 Murdani, Benny, 244 Marsinah, 198, 201, 215 Murtopo, Ali, 165–9, 171–2, 179, 181, 182–3, 192, Marxism, 23, 83, 85, 120, 123, 124, 172, 179, 244 see also Communist Party of Indonesia Muso, 111–14 ‘Mastermind’, 128 Mute’s Soliloquy, A, 5, 92 Masyumi, 126–7, 143–4, 238–9 My Sky, My Home, 197 Medan, 61, 88, 232 Mysterious Killings, 181 medicine, see health care Megawati, 208, 211, 226, 227, 228, 231, 233, Nahdlatul Ulama, (NU), 58, 95, 122, 126–7, 159, 241–2 162, 184–5, 241 Menada, see Manado Nasakom, 150 Menteng suburb, 121 Nasution, Abdul Haris, 110–14, 138, 141, 144, 145, Menteng 31 boarding house, 98–9, 100, 164, 149, 160–1, 165, 190, 203, 243–4 244 National Army of Indonesia, see military military, colonial, 11, 13, 14, 15, 26, 66, 90, 92 nationalism, 34–5, 61–2, 74–81, 82–6, 87–8, 96, ‘Coup’ of 1965 and, 147, 160–5, 167, 177, 237 102, 121, 142, 143, 183, 214, 220, see also creation of, 109–10, 243 Independence; NASAKOM demobilisation, 143 Nationalist Party, 126–7, 149, 156–9, 163, 167, 239 in Guided Democracy, 144, 148–9, 154, 160 nationalist movement, see nationalism Indonesian, 123, 239–40 National Party, 84, 237, 238 in the Indonesian Revolution, 105, 106, 107, National Socialism, 28 109–14, 115–16, 123 Natsir, Mohammad, 239 Japanese inﬂuence, 97 Netherlands, see Dutch in the New Order, 166–9, 171, 172, 175, 177–8, Netherlands East Indies, 2, 9–31 180, 181, 182, 184, 185–6, 195, 202 administration, 15, 21, 24, 37, 40, 63, 66, 73 in the 1950s, 141–3, 145, 244 Netherlands Indies Civil Administration in the Reform era, 211, 216–17, 218, 220, 221–3, (NICA), 103, 108–9, 115–16 224, 225–6, 228, 231–2, 234, 242 Netherlands New Guinea, see Irian militias, 160, 162–3, 220 New Art Movement (Gerakan Sent Rupa Baru in East Timor, 218–20 Indonesia), 179 in the Indonesian Revolution, 97, 100, 107, New Order, 5, 7, 165–201, 202–10, 218, 220, 109, 111–12, 116, 164 226–8, 231–2, 238, 239, 240, 244 Muslim, 109, 113–14, 218 newspapers, 13, 17, 40, 43, 63–4, 67, 70, 72–3, Minahasa, see Manado 77–80, 97, 102, 123, 129–33, 150, 157, 161, Minangkabau, 50, 53, 56, 57, 68, 77, 85, 93, 98, 179–80, 212, 218, 228 141, 189, 232, 238, 243 Ngendon, I Nyoman, 62 mining, 53, 99, 204, 214, 222, 233, see also Bre-X; Nieuwenhuys, Rob, 26 Freeport ninjas, 216 Misrad, Muhammad, 210 Nitisemito, 68 Moluccas, see Maluku NGOs, see non-governmental organisations monetary policy, 54, 105, 138, 155–6, 169, 225 Non-Aligned Movement, see Bandung Morotai, 100 Conference motorbikes, 133, 181 non-governmental organisations, 201, 204, 206, Mountbatten, Lord, 100, 103 207, 214, 215, 234

Index 303

novels, 63, 157, see also Couperus; Haasse; Permai,seeBeauty Kayam; Lubis; Mangunwijaya; Pramoedya; Permesta, see Revolutionary Government of the Tirto; Utami Republic of Indonesia Nusa Kambangan, 164 Pertamina, 190, 193 Nusa Tenggara, see Southeastern Islands pesantren, 56–7, 183–4, 205, 222 Peta,seeDefenders of the Homeland Oei Tiong Ham, 69 Petition of 50, 203–4, 238, 239, 244 oil, 18, 90–3, 144, 155, 185, 230, see also Cepu; Petrus Affair, see Mysterious Killings Pertamina PID,seePolitical Intelligence Service ‘Old People’, the, 57 pilgrimage to Mecca, 13, 53–4, 56–7 Ombilin, 53 PKI, see Communist Party of Indonesia Openness, 204–8 PKS, 229 opium, 14, 39, 69, 79, 123 PNI,seeNationalist Party Otonim Daerah, see Regional Autonomy ‘Poem of the Time of Darkness’, 40 police, 50, 81, 109, 178, 186, 193, 198, 212, 215, paedophilia scandal, 31 216–17, 220, 222–3, 232, 233 Palembang, 14, 54, 61, 63 Police Action palm-oil, 233 First, 103, 112 Pancasila, see Five Principles Second, 115 Papua, see West Papua Political Intelligence Service, 24, 86, 89–90 Partai Demokratik Indonesia, see Democratic Pollycarpus Priyanto, 223 Party of Indonesia Pontianak, 14 Partai Katolik, see Catholic Party population, 1, 9, 15, 26, 46, 61, 71, 95, 119, 228, Partai Komunis Indonesia, see Communist Party see also family planning; transmigration of Indonesia PPP,seeUnited Development Party Partai Murba, see Proletarian Party Prabowo Subianto, 227, 242 Pasuruhan, 38, 47 Prambanan, 30 PDI,seeDemocratic Party of Indonesia Pramoedya Ananta Toer, 3–7, 32, 33, 34, 44, 54, PDI-P,seeMegawati 61, 67, 78, 85, 95, 97–9, 106, 109, 114, 117, peasants, 27, 37–39, 43–9, 52, 68, 79, 85, 126, 151, 120–1, 134, 145, 147, 151, 157, 158, 165, 177, 195, 199, 208, 213, see also land control 201, 207, 234–5 Peasants’ Front of Indonesia, 158 and Gus Dur, 226 Pekanbaru, 93 imprisonment, 114, 150, 164, 174–5, 178, 179, Pemalang, 49, see also Three Regions 202 Pemuda, see Youth on Jakarta, 132–7 Pemuda Pancasila, see Five Principles Youth on Megawati, 226–7 Movement and nationalism, 3–6, 214 People’s Consultative Assembly, 127, 148, 165, and Suharto, 174, 186, 234 241 and Sukarno, 98, 129, 148, 173 People’s Council, 21, 23–4, 80–1, 98, 168, see also Blora; Corruption; ‘It’s Not a Night 243 Market’; ‘Mastermind’; Mute’s Soliloquy, A; People’s Culture Institute, 134, 157–8, 225 ‘Revenge’; Tales from Jakarta; This Earth of People’s Representative Assembly, 126, 127, 129, Mankind; ‘Those Who Have Vanished’ 152, 165–6, 178, 181, 182, 226, 227, 229, 230, Prawiranegara, Syarfuddin, 238 231, 234 Press Infringement law, 79, 178 People’s Security Army, see military priyayi, see aristocracy; civil service People’s Security Body, see military Priyono, 151 pepper, 10, 21 Proclamation of Independence, see Sukarno pergerakan, see nationalism Proctor and Gamble, 74

304 Index

Proletarian Party, 158, 164, 167, 240, 243 Salemba prison, see Pramoedya Ananta Toer: Protestants, see Christians imprisonment PRRI–Permesta, see Revolutionary Government Salim, Haji Agus, 77, 79, 81 of the Republic of Indonesia Salim, Emil, 211 PSI,seeSocialist Party Saman, 212 public health, see health care Samin, 43–4, 47, 124 Public Works, Department of, 24 Sarekat Islam, see Islamic League Pupella, E. U., 91–2 Sarekat Priyayi, see Civil Servants’ Association ‘pures’, 26, 28, 30 Sarinah, 152 Putri Hindia, see Daughters of the Indies Sarman Praptowidjojo, 94 Sasak, see Lombok Rachmadi, Benny, 210 Sastroamidjojo, Ali, 127, 239 radio, 72, 97, 100, 102, 131–2, 161, 192, Saudi Arabia, 58, 214 199 Schenkuizen, Marguerire, 105 railways, 18, 34, 50, 73, 78, 82, 93, 94, 123, Scouting Movement, 79–80, 187 146, 170 Selayar, 39, 56 Rais, Amien, 206 Semarang, 24, 61, 69, 72, 73, 78, 162, 243 Rajab, Muhamad, 56 Semaun, 78–82, 152, 243, see also Story of Kadirun Rapeg, Gusti Ayu, 84 Seram, 93 Ratu Adil, see Just King servants, 16, 26–7, 29–30, 35–6, 67, 73–4, 117, Regional Autonomy, 149, 231–4 120, 152, 214–15 religious feasts, 36, 48, 138, see also death rites Setiawan, Hersri, 160 Remba, Daeng of Selayer, 39 sharecroppers, see land control Rembang, 42 shoes, see clothing Rendra, W. S., 204 Sidoarjo, see Lapindo Brantas disaster Republic of the South Moluccas, see Maluku Simpang Club, 73 Residents, 14, 22 Sinar Hindia, see Light of the Indies Res Publika University, see Trisakti University Singapore, 20, 69, 90, 91, 94, 149, 181, 196, 197, ‘Revenge’, 106 200, 210, 215 Revolution, Indonesian, 2–3, 5, 31, 87, 99–116, Singaraja, 60, 140 117–21, 124, 126–9, 133, 137–8, 141–2, 148, Snouck Hurgronje, C., 13, 15, 17, 21–3, 39–40, 77 164, 165, 166, 177, 188, 239–44 soccer, 28, 56, 70, 72, 132, 230 Revolution, Iranian, 183 Socialist Party, 128, 144, 146, 238, see also Syahrir Revolutionary Government of the Republic of Social Revolutions, 106–8 Indonesia, 144, 165, 238, 239, 240 Soemitro, General, 171 Riantiarno, Norbertus, 181 Soh, Mohammed, 215 Riau, 64, 196, 231, see also Batam Solo, see Surakarta rice, 11, 26, 44–5, 50, 53, 81, 92, 95, 107, 129, 138, Southeast Asia Command, 100, 103 139–41, 156, 158, 169, 199, 205, 224, see also Southeastern Islands, 14, 60, 85, 127, 196 Green Revolution Spanish Inﬂuenza Pandemic, 47 Ritz Carlton Hotel bombing, 223 Sri Mulyani, 230–1 Ronggowarsito, see ‘Poem of the Time of Stambul, 70–2, 135 Darkness’ Standard Oil, 18 Royal Dutch Shell, 18, 21 Star of the East, 157–8 rubber, 17, 18, 21, 52, 54, 90, 95, 137–8 ‘stayers’, 26–8, 30 Rustriningsih, 233 Story of Kadirun, 79 Story of Nyai Ratna, 64, 72 Saleh, Chaerul, 164, 239 student protests, 158–9, 163, 165, 168, 170–1, 179, Saleh, Raden, 170 208, 211

Index 305

Subud, 124 Surakarta, 24, 35, 55, 68, 79, 94, 112, 114, 126, 184, Sudharmono, 241 188 Sudirman, 110, 116, 145, 177, 243 Suro, Mbah, 163–4 Sudjojono, 121, 157 Sutowo, Ibnu, 190–1 suffrage, 22 Sutrisno, Try, 241 sugar, 18, 21, 37, 39, 47, 50–2, 69, 79, 86, 139, Suwardi Suryaningrat, 77, 83, 91, 242–3 see also Comal Sugar Estate Syahrir, Sutan, 85, 95, 110–11, 114–15, 119, 122, Sugiyem, 228 125, 143, 238 Suharti, 93 Syarifuddin, Amir, 88, 98, 110, 113, 115, 238 Suharto, 1, 2, 4, 145, 148, 154, 161–2, 165–173, 174, 180, 182, 186, 187, 191, 192, 195, 206, 227, ‘Tales from Djakarta’, 120 234, 237, 240, 241 Taman Mini, see Garden of Indonesia in fall of, 211–12, 216–17, 226 Miniature Javanese spiritualism, 182, 188 Taman Siswa, see Suwardi Suryaningrat nepotism, 191–2, 193, 197, 207, 209, 224 Tanjung Priok, 20, 183–4 see also New Order Tan Malaka, 99, 100, 110, 116, 151, 240, 243 Suharto, Tien, 172, 188, 207 taxation, 22, 29, 37, 43, 45–7, 50, 53, 54, 66, Suharto, Tommy, 192, 212, 225, 227 69, 139, 141, 231, 233 Suharto, Tutut, 200, 227 tea, 18, 27, 50, 80, 139 Sukarno, 2, 23, 82, 84, 89, 96, 98–9, 129, 143–4, teak, 34, 46, 94 152, 177, 237 Technocrats, see Berkeley Maﬁa fall of, 160–5, 168–9 Tegal, see Three Regions family, 84, 122, 182, 207, see also Megawati television, 152, 180, 189, 192, 196, 211, 212, ideology, 83, 111, 114, 122, 125, 134, 142–3, 145, 230 148, 151, 154, 188 textile and clothing industries, 74, 92, 198, and Indonesian Revolution, 100, 102, 110, see also batik 112–13, 115–16 Thamrin, Muhammad H., 145, 243 proclamation of independence, 99, 123, 167 Theosophy, 83, 122 speeches and quotations, 102, 112, 121, 130, 30th September Movement, 160–161, 165, 175, 136, 140, 150, 155, 156 240, 244 see also Guided Democracy; Nationalist Party This Earth of Mankind, 3, 5, 32, 174, 178 Sukarno, Dewi, 171 ‘Those Who Have Vanished’, 90, 114 Sulawesi, 10, 14, 23, 47, 48, 57, 63, 81, 90, 103, Three Balls, 68, 71 105, 123, 124, 126–7, 138, 144, 154, 189, ‘Three Fugitives, The’, 138 199–200, 206, 218, 233, 240, 242, see also Three Regions, 107, 109, 111, 123, 146 Makasar; Manado; Toraja Tidore, 14 Sumatra, 1, 10, 14, 24, 28, 44, 54, 56, 63, 77, 78, Tiga Daerah, see Three Regions 81, 90–1, 98, 103, 105, 106, 107, 115, 126, 127, Timika, see Freeport 137, 138, 141, 142, 161–2, 183, 214, 215, 223, Timor, see East Timor; Kupang 233, see also Aceh; Batak; Bengkulu; Deli; Timor car, 212 Kerinci; Lampung; Medan; Minangkabau; Tirto Adhi Suryo, Raden Mas, 3, 4, 32, 34–5, 40, Ombilin; Palembang; Revolutionary 43, 58, 62–8, 70, 72, 75, 76, 78, see also Story Government of the Republic of Indonesia of Nyai Ratna Sunda, 27, 57, 64, 74, 81, 82, 99, 111, 112, 116, 123, Tjarda van Starkenborgh Stachouwer, Governor 215, see also Bandung General Jonkheer A. W. L, 90 Sungkar, Abdullah, 183–4 TKR, People’s Security Army, see military Surabaya, 23, 58, 60–1, 63, 65, 67, 72–3, 74, 78, TNI, see military 82, 84, 123, 126, 190, 237 tobacco, 17, 18, 19, 45, see also kretek Battle of, 102–3, 110, 114, 121 Toraja, 23, 48

306 Index

traders, 24, 45, 53, 57, 63, 69, 73, 76, 109, 187, Wahid Hasyim, Kiai Haji, 122 see also economy wayang (shadow theatre), 2, 6, 27, 36, 49, 56, 71, trams, 21, 73, 78 97, 119, 134–5, 156, 163, 181, 207 transmigration, 198–9 wayang wong, 36 Treachery of Gestapu-PKI, 175 weddings, 44, 48, 189 Trisakti University, 157, 211 West Irian, see West Papua tsunami, see Aceh West New Guinea, see West Papua Twilight in Jakarta, 141 West Papua, 1, 23, 71, 142–3, 144, 153–4, 156, 160, 166, 168, 185–6, 189, 196, 217, 231, 240, 241, Ujung Pandang, see Makasar 244, see also Boven Digul UN, 115, 154, 218, 220 Wild Tiger Brigade, 109 Undang-Undang Dasar, see Constitutions Wilhelmina, Queen, 9, 17, 31 Unilateral Action, 158–9 Wilopo, 239 Unilever, 74, 139 Wirahadikusuma, Umar, 240–1 United Development Party, 167, 182, 184, Wiryosanjoyo, Sukiman, 239 242 women, 22, 26, 29–30, 44, 49, 51–2, 55, 64–6, 68, United East India Company, 10, 26, 68 73–4, 84, 86, 92–3, 97, 104, 106, 109, 127, United East Indies Company, see United East 133–6, 140, 152, 195, 197–8, 204, 205, 210, India Company 211, 214–5, 233, 235, see also Kartini United States, 2, 18, 112, 115, 130, 137, 144, 155, Women Aware movement, 84, 93, 128 168, 172, 204, 232 Women’s Movement, 80, 135–6, 158, 161–2, 163 Universal People’s Struggle Charter, see workers, see labour Revolutionary Government of the Republic World Bank, 168, 193, 199, 204 of Indonesia World in Motion, 77 University of Indonesia, 132, 168, 171, 179 Wrong Upbringing, A, 85 urban living, see living conditions USSR, 126, 130, 155, 164 Yano Kenzo, 93 Utami, Ayu, 212 Yogyakarta, 24, 35, 46, 55, 57, 67, 68, 69, 86, 103, 111, 114, 136, 151, 162, 230, see also Vaderlandse Klub, see Fatherland Club Hamengkubuwono VII, Van Heutsz, see Heutsz Hamengkubuwono IX village heads, 38, 46, 50, 95, 106–7, 128, 133, 194 Youth, 78–9, 81, 99–100, 102, 104, 109, 110, 126, VOC, see United East India Company 158, 162, 163, 167, 181 Volksraad, see People’s Council Youth Congress and Oath, 82, 123, 213 Yudhoyono, Susilo Bambang, 228–32, 234, 242 Wahid, Kiai Haji Abdurrahman (Gus Dur), 58, 122, 206, 221, 223, 225–30, 231, 234, 241, 242 Zeehandelaar, Stella, 42