Aikido Terms * Bold terms are most important to learn first. May 2010 v 2.1

Participants Morotedori Grab one forearm of opponent with two hands Nage Person executing a technique (“thrower”) Shomenuchi Hand blade strike to top of head Uke Person receiving a technique (“receiver”) Yokomenuchi Hand blade strike to side of jaw or neck Tsuki Thrust, straight punch Solo Preparation Exercises Kubishime Neck choke Fune kogi undo Rowing the boat (kogi=row, fune=boat) Tori / Dori Grab (the term “mochi” is also used) Ikkyo undo Raising and lowering both hand blades Randori Freestyle together with a rowing motion. Taninjudori Multiple attackers Zengo undo Ikkyo-undo turning both front and rear Furi-tama undo Hand shaking (furi=shake, tama=soul) Techniques Sayu Udefuri Undo Twisting body side to side 1. Ikkyo First control form (ude osae; arm bar) Shiho giri Four direction cutting/extension 2. Nikyo Second control (kote mawashi; wrist turn) Happo giri Eight direction cutting/extension 3. Sankyo Third control (kote hineri; arm twist) Kokyu undo Breathing exercises 4. Yonkyo Fourth control (tekubi osae; forearm pin) Tekubi furi undo Hand shaking to relax the body 5. Gokyo Fifth control form (ude nobashi; arm stretching) Tenkan undo Body turning (tenkan) exercise Shihonage Four directions throw Zenpo kaiten undo Forward rolling exercise Iriminage Entering throw Ushiro ukemi undo Backward rolling exercise Kotegaeshi Wrist turn out throw Shikko Knee walking Kokyunage Throw using atemi, timing, movement, unbalancing Ushiro shikko Backwards knee walking Koshinage Hip throw Shime Choke Body Positions, Stances & Steps Katame waza Floor pinning technique Kamae Stance Seiza Sitting on knees (lit: correct sitting) Weapons Tate hiza Sitting on one knee, other knee up Bokken Wooden sword (bo=wood, ken=sword) Hanmi Half-body stance (used in most aikido schools. Iaito Iaido practice sword (non-sharpened) Nishio ryu uses shizentai) Jo Wooden staff Gyakuhanmi Stance opposite to opponent (opposite foot) Katana Samurai sword Aihanmi Mutual stance to opponent (same foot) Shinken Real sword with live (sharp) blade Shizentai Natural (neutral) body stance Tanto Knife Irimi Entering (penetrating the opponent's defense) Tenkan Turning (a.k.a. tai no tenkan) Weapon Actions Shikkodachi Straddle stance (horse stance) Ken no tebiki Leading with the sword Zenkutsudachi One foot forward stance Ken tai ken Sword vs. sword Furikaburi Raising the sword Jodori Disarming a staff (take away) Hanmi Handachi Uke standing, nage kneeling Jo no tebiki Leading with the staff Suwari Waza Uke and nage both kneeling Jo tai ken Sword vs. staff Tai sabaki Body shifting Tachidori Sword disarming (take away) Tantodori Knife disarming Position & Direction Omote Front (i.e. moving to attacker’s front side) Cuts & Strikes Ura Back (moving to attacker’s back side) Dogiri Horizontal torso cut Hidari Left Kiriage Rising (upward diagonal) cut Migi Right Kesagiri Downward diagonal cut Zenpo Forward Kiriotoshi Straight downward cut Ushiro Rear (i.e. an attack from the rear) Yokogiri Horizontal cut Jodan Upper Tsuki Thrust Chudan Middle Kirikaeshi Repeating cuts Gedan Lower Gyaku Opposite (e.g. Gyakuhanmi) Use of the Hands and Body Ai Same, mutual (e.g. Aihanmi) Taido Empty handed technique Soto Outside (e.g. Sotokaiten=turning outside uke's arm) Tegatana Hand blade, edge of hand (lit: “Hand sword”) Uchi Inside (e.g. Uchikaiten=turning under uke's arm) Kaiten Turning, rotating, returning (e.g. sotokaiten, uchikaiten; also kaeshi-, -gaeshi, kaesu) Attacks, Grabs Kirihanashi Severing, cutting off (breaking away from opponent) Katatedori Single wrist grab (from Gyakuhanmi or Aihanmi) Sotomakikomi Outside wrap Ryotedori Grab both forearms of opponent Atemi Vital point strike. All aikido techniques include atemi. Katadori Shoulder grab (usually gyakuhanmi) Gedankuzushi Breaking uke's balance forward and downward. Ryokatadori Grabbing both shoulders Ki nagare Flowing movement Ushiro Ryokatadori Grabbing both shoulders from behind Kuzushi Balance breaking Sodedori Grabbing the sleeve (near the elbow) Nage Throwing (~60% of Aikido is throwing techniques) Katadori Menuchi Front strike w/ one hand, grab sleeve w/ other hand. Osae Controlling techniques (~40% is pinning) “Kata” means shoulder but we actually grab the sleeve on katadori menuchi.