Political Science 106 Introduction to International Relations

Hein Goemans Course Info: Harkness 320 Winter 2005 Office Hours: Tue. 1–2 12:00–12:50 MW [email protected] Lattimore 201

This course provides students with the background and conceptual tools they need to un- derstand contemporary international relations. The course will introduce students to the wide range of issues involved in the study of international relations including the workings of the state system, the causes of international conflict and violence, and international eco- nomic relations. Students will be introduced to the literature in a broad way, to make them familiar with the main theoretical traditions in the field. Students will be asked, as much as possible, to read original texts, rather than from a textbook. Time permitting, we will also examine topics of particular current interest such as the evolving nature of power in the post Cold War environment as well as special global challenges like nation-building and ongoing conflict(s) in the Middle East. This course is organized around the metaphor of Chinese food. In the beginning, students will examine the basic ingredients of the study of international relations. We will consider the actors, goals, means, and consequences of state interaction — IR’s soy sauce, ginger root, garlic, and MSG. The rest of the course is designed to give an overview of the breadth and scope of the wide–ranging field of international relations. Along the way, students will get a taste of follow–on courses they might choose to take in international security, international political economy, international law, American foreign policy, and so on.

Course Requirements Participation in recitation (Friday 12:00–12:50, for most) comprises 30% of your grade; your teaching fellow has nearly absolute autonomy in determining the requirements and assess- ing how well or poorly you have met them. A midterm exam counts for 30% of your grade, and a final exam counts for 40%. The final exam is given during the period scheduled by the University. The exam is not given early — check the schedule published by the University and make your holiday travel plans accordingly.

1 Academic Integrity Be familiar with the University’s policies on academic integrity and disciplinary action (http://www.rochester.edu/living/urhere/handbook/discipline2.html#XII). Vi- olators of University regulations on academic integrity will be dealt with severely, which means that your grade will suffer, and I will forward your case to the Chair of the College Board on Academic Honesty. Remember that the same technology that has made plagiarism easier to accomplish has also made it easier to detect. If you do not cite a source, it is plagiarism. If you do cite it, it is scholarship.

Teaching Fellows

David Carter Harkness 304 (5-3190) Subhasish Ray [email protected] Harkness 315A (3-1710) [email protected] Matthew Stiffler Harkness 302 (5-7817) sfl[email protected]

Texts The following books should be in the bookstore: Karen A. Mingst. (2004) Essentials of International Relations. W.W. Norton & Company, Third Edition; listed below as Mingst EIR. Robert Art & Robert Jervis. (2003) International Politics: Enduring Concepts and Contempo- rary Issues. Addison-Wesley, Sixth Edition; listed below as Art IPECCI. Thomas L. Friedman. (2000) The Lexus and the Olive Tree. Anchor. Readings not included in one of the texts can be found through one of the online databases. These readings are listed in the syllabus in italics. Compared to previous years, the reading load has been streamlined and it is expected that every student will do all the readings. That said, there is something of a priority in the readings. The articles from Art & Jervis and the other online articles are the most important and students should make every effort to master them. The Mingst book does not really function as a traditional textbook; it is not the primary reader. It is useful for providing background, especially for the initial part of the course on theory and concepts. Finally, the Friedman book is a lively read and is meant to provide the immediate context for current events, context that you may otherwise be missing. The Friedman reading assignments are not really pegged to the lectures but are designed to get you to finish the book in time for the second half of the course. In addition, I expect students to read one of the following newspapers: the New York Times, the Washington Post, or the Financial Times, the Frankfurter Allgemeine, Die Zeit, Le Monde diplomatique or a comparable international paper.

2 Course Outline

Wednesday January 12

1. Introduction

Monday January 17: Martin Luther King Day. CLASSES CANCELLED

Wednesday January 19

2. Anarchy: Domestic versus International Politics

• Art, IPECCI. Kenneth N. Waltz, The Anarchic Structure of World Politics 47–67 • Mingst, EIR. Contending Perspectives: How to Think About International Relations Theoretically 55–82 • Friedman, The Lexus and the Olive Tree. Chapter 1–3.

Monday January 24

3. Actors: The Nation-State et al.

• Art, IPECCI. Jessica Matthews, Power Shift 539–550. • Art, IPECCI. Stephen D. Krasner, The State is Alive and Well 551–556. • Art, IPECCI. Margaret E. Keck and Kathryn Sillink, Transnational Activist Networks 557–563. • Robert Keohane and Joseph Nye, “Transgovernmental Relations and International Organization,” in World Politics 27(1) October 1974: 39–62. Search JSTOR with (authors) Keohane, Nye, and (journal) World Politics. http:www.jstor.org

Wednesday January 26

4. Goals: The National Interest

• Art, IPECCI. Hans J. Morgenthau, The Moral Blindness of Scientific Man 7–16. • Art, IPECCI. J. Ann Tickner, A Critique of Morgenthau’s Principles of Political Realism 17–28. • Art, IPECCI. Joseph M. Grieco, Anarchy and the Limits of Cooperation 68–72. • Art, IPECCI. Alexander Wendt, Anarchy is What States Make of It 73–80 • Stephen D. Krasner. Defending the National Interest. (Princeton University Press) 5–34. This will be made available through electronic reserve. • Friedman, The Lexus and the Olive Tree. Chapters 4–6.

3 Monday January 31

5. Instruments: Power

• Art, IPECCI. Robert J. Art, The Fungibility of Force, 247–262 • Joseph S. Nye Jr., “Soft Power,”Foreign Policy 80 (Fall 1990): 153–171. Available through the Library site for electronic journals.

Wednesday February 2

6. Shaping Forces: Nationalism

• Mingst, EIR. The Historical Context of Contemporary International Relations, 17–54. • Amitai Etzioni, “The Evils of Self-Determination,” Foreign Policy. No. 89 (Winter 1992/3): 21–35. Available through the Library site for electronic journals. • Peter van Ham, 11The Rise of the Brand State,” Foreign Affairs 80 (5) (September/October 2001): 2–6. Available through the Library site for electronic journals. • Friedman, The Lexus and the Olive Tree, Chapters 7–9.

Monday February 7

7. Levels of Analysis: Three Images

• Mingst, EIR, The International System 83-99; The State 101–135; and The Individual 137-157.

Wednesday February 9

8. System versus State versus Leader

• re-read Art, IPECCI. Kenneth N. Waltz, The Anarchic Structure of World Politics 47–67 • re-read Art, IPECCI. Joseph M. Grieco, Anarchy and the Limits of Cooperation 68–72. • Friedman, The Lexus and the Olive Tree, Chapters 10–12.

Monday February 14

9. Security Dilemma and power management

• Art, IPECCI. Robert Jervis, Offense, Defense, and the Security Dilemma 180–199. • Friedman, The Lexus and the Olive Tree Chapters 13–15.

4 Wednesday February 16

10. Three Images and the Causes of War

• Mingst, EIR. War and Strife 197–231.

Monday February 21

11. What is International Political Economy?

• Mingst, EIR. International Political Economy 233–272. • Art, IPECCI. Robert Gilpin, The Nature of Political Economy 281–297. • Art, IPECCI. Robert O. Keohane, Hegemony in the World Political Economy 298–310. • Friedman, The Lexus and the Olive Tree, Chapters 16–18.

Wednesday February 23

12. Globalization

• Art, IPECCI. Dani Rodrik, Trading in Illusions 495–502. • Art, IPECCI. John Micklewait and Adrian Woolridge, Why the Globalization Backlash is Stupid 503–510.

Monday February 28

13. Regimes and International Cooperation

• Art, IPECCI. Robert O. Keohane, A Functional Theory of Regimes 131–137. • Mingst, EIR. Intergovernmental Organizations 159–195. • Friedman, The Lexus and the Olive Tree, Chapters 19–20.

Wednesday March 2

14. MID-TERM

Monday March 14

15. Ethics and International Relations

• Art, IPECCI. Rhoda E. Howard and Jack Donnelly, Human Rights in World Politics 29–46. • Mingst, EIR. Human Rights 296–307

Wednesday March 16

16. International Law

• Art, IPECCI. Stanley Hoffman, The Uses and Limits of International Law 126–130.

5 • Art, IPECCI. Steven Ratner, International Law: The Trials of Global Norms 577-582.

Monday March 21

17. International Government

• Art, IPECCI. Adam Roberts, The United Nations and International Security 138–146. • Gerald B. Helman and Steven R. Ratner. “Saving Failed States,” Foreign Policy No. 89, Winter 1992–93: 3–20. Available through the Library site for electronic journals.

Wednesday March 23

18. The Cold War as History

• Zbigniew Brzezinski, “The Cold War and Its Aftermath,” Foreign Affairs 71(4) (Fall 1992): 31–49. Available through the Library site for electronic journals; search through ProQuest.

Monday March 28

19. Colonialism and Imperialism

• Art, IPECCI.Bruce R. Scott, The Great Divided in the Global Village 311–323. • Sebastian Mallaby, “The Reluctant Imperialist: Terrorism, Failed States, and the Case for American Empire,” Foreign Affairs 81(2) (March/April 2002): 2–7. Available through the Library site for electronic journals.

Wednesday March 30

20. The Nuclear Revolution

• Art, IPECCI. John Mueller, The Irrelevance of Nuclear Weapons, 207–220. • Art, IPECCI. Robert Jervis, The Utility of Nuclear Deterrence, 221–230.

Monday April 4

21. The Proliferation of Weapons of Mass Destruction

• Art, IPECCI. Kenneth N. Waltz, Peace, Stability, and Nuclear Weapons, 448–462.

6 Wednesday April 6

22. Ethnic Conflicts

• Art, IPECCI. Chaim Kaufmann, Possible and Impossible Solutions to Ethnic Civil Wars, 426–447. • Charles King, “The Myth of Ethnic Warfare: Understanding Conflict in the Post-Cold War World,” Foreign Affairs 80(6) (November/December 2001): 165–170. Available through the Library site for electronic journals. • Edward N. Luttwak, “Give War a Chance,” Foreign Affairs 78(4) (July/August 1999): 36–44. Available through the Library site for electronic journals.

Monday April 11

23. Wielding Economic Power

• Jesse Helms, “What Sanctions Epidemic,” Foreign Affairs 78(1) (January/February 1999): 2–8. Available through the Library site for electronic journals. • John & Karl Mueller, “Sanctions of Mass Destruction,” Foreign Affairs 78(3) (May/June 1999): 43–53. Available through the Library site for electronic journals.

Wednesday April 13

24. Clash of Civilizations

• Art, IPECCI. Samuel P. Huntington, The Clash of Civilizations? 411–425. • Robert Kaplan, “Anarchy,” Atlantic Monthly, February 1994, 44–76. Located on the Web at: http: //www.theatlantic.com/election/connection/foreign/anarchy.htm.

Monday April 18

25. Terrorism

• Art, IPECCI. Brian Jenkins, International Terrorism, 200–206. • Art, IPECCI. Richard A. Falkenrath, Robert D. Newman, and Bradley A. Thayer, The Non-State NBC Threat, 463–468. • L. Paul Bremer. “A New Strategy for the New Face of Terrorism,” National Interest, 65 (Thanksgiving 2001): 23–30. Available through the Library site for electronic journals. • Graham E. Fuller. “The Future of Political Islam,” Foreign Affairs 81(2) (March/April 2002): 48-60. Available through the Library site for electronic journals.

7 Wednesday April 20

26. America the ”Hyper–Power”?

• Art, IPECCI. Samuel P. Huntington, Why International Primacy Matters, 367–376. • Art, IPECCI. William C. Wohlforth, The Stability of a Unipolar World, 469–476. • Art, IPECCI. G. John Ikenberry, The Stability of the Post-Cold War Order, 477–483. • Sophie Meunier, “The French Exception,” Foreign Affairs 79(4) July/August 2000: 104ff. Available through the Library site for electronic journals. • Kenneth Pollack, “Next Stop Baghdad,” Foreign Affairs 81(2) March/April 2002: 32–47 Available through the Library site for electronic journals.

Wednesday April 25

27. Emerging Great Power Rivalries

• Richard Bernstein & Ross H. Munro, “China I: The Coming Conflict with America,” Foreign Affairs 76(2) March/April 1997: 18–32. Available through the Library site for electronic journals. • Robert S. Ross, “China II: Beijing as a Conservative Power,” Foreign Affairs 76(2)March/April 1997: 33–44. Available through the Library site for electronic journals. • Gerald Segal, “Does China Matter?,” Foreign Affairs 78(5) September/October 1999: 24–36. Available through the Library site for electronic journals. • Thomas J. Christensen, “China, the U.S.–Japan Alliance, and the Security Dilemma in East Asia,” International Security 23 (4) Spring 1999: 49-80. Available through the Library site for electronic journals.

Wednesday April 27

28. REVIEW

8 Please give me some information about yourself: Who are you? To that end, hand in one page bio on yourself:

1. Name, e-mail, year, major.

2. Why did you sign up for this course?

3. What are your interests, extra-curricular?

4. What is true about you and no one else?

5. What are your hopes and fears about this course?

6. What are your biggest expectations of a U of R Professor.

9