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§ 360.600 7 CFR Ch. III (1–1–14 Edition)

noxious weed lists would be required to sound scientific data or a thorough provide their name, address, telephone risk assessment. number, and (if available) e-mail ad- (b) Therefore, in accordance with sec- dress. Persons who submit a petition to tion 436 of the Protection Act, remove a taxon from the noxious weed the regulations in this part preempt all lists are encouraged to provide the fol- State and local laws and regulations lowing information, which can help that are inconsistent with or exceed speed up the review process and help the regulations in this part unless a APHIS determine whether the specified special need request has been granted plant taxon should not be listed as a in accordance with the regulations in noxious weed: §§ 301.1 through 301.13 of this chapter. (a) Evidence that the is dis- [74 FR 53400, Oct. 19. 2009. Redesignated at 75 tributed throughout its potential range FR 68955, Nov. 10, 2010] or has spread too far to implement ef- fective control. (b) Evidence that control efforts have PART 361—IMPORTATION OF SEED been unsuccessful and further efforts AND SCREENINGS UNDER THE are unlikely to succeed. FEDERAL SEED ACT (c) For cultivars of a listed noxious weed, scientific evidence that the Sec. cultivar has a combination of risk ele- 361.1 Definitions. ments that result in a low pest risk. 361.2 Preemption of State and local laws; general restrictions on the importation For example, the cultivar may have a of seed and screenings. narrow habitat suitability, low dis- 361.3 Declarations and labeling. persal potential, evidence of sterility, 361.4 Inspection at the port of first arrival. inability to cross-pollinate with intro- 361.5 Sampling of seeds. duced wild types, or few if any poten- 361.6 Noxious weed seeds. tial negative impacts on the economy 361.7 Special provisions for Canadian-origin or environment of the United States. seed and screenings. 361.8 Cleaning of imported seed and proc- (d) List of references. essing of certain Canadian-origin [75 FR 68955, Nov. 10, 2010] screenings. 361.9 Recordkeeping. § 360.600 Preemption of State and 361.10 Costs and charges. local laws. AUTHORITY: 7 U.S.C. 1581–1610; 7 CFR 2.22, (a) Under section 436 of the Plant 2.80, and 371.3. Protection Act (7 U.S.C. 7756), a State SOURCE: 62 FR 48460, Sept. 16, 1997, unless or political subdivision of a State may otherwise noted. not regulate in foreign commerce any noxious weed in order to control it, § 361.1 Definitions. eradicate it, or prevent its dissemina- Terms used in the singular form in tion. A State or political subdivision of this part shall be construed as the plu- a State also may not impose prohibi- ral, and vice versa, as the case may de- tions or restrictions upon the move- mand. The following terms, when used ment in interstate commerce of nox- in this part, shall be construed, respec- ious weeds if the Secretary has issued a tively, to mean: regulation or order to prevent the dis- Administrator. The Administrator of semination of the noxious weed within the Animal and Plant Health Inspec- the United States. The only exceptions tion Service, U.S. Department of Agri- to this are: culture, or any other individual to (1) If the prohibitions or restrictions whom the Administrator delegates au- issued by the State or political subdivi- thority to act in his or her stead. sion of a State are consistent with and Agricultural seed. The following kinds do not exceed the regulations or orders and varieties of grass, forage, and field issued by the Secretary; or crop seed that are used for seeding pur- (2) If the State or political subdivi- poses in the United States: sion of a State demonstrates to the Agrotricum—x Agrotriticum Ciferri and Secretary and the Secretary finds that Giacom. there is a special need for additional Alfalfa—Medicago sativa L. prohibitions or restrictions based on Alfilaria—Erodium cicutarium (L.) L’Her.

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Alyceclover—Alysicarpus vaginalis (L.) DC. , cluster—Trifolium glomeratum L. Bahiagrass—Paspalum notatum Fluegge Clover, crimson—Trifolium incarnatum L. Barley—Hordeum vulgare L. Clover, Kenya—Trifolium semipilosum Fresen. Barrelclover—Medicago truncatula Gaertn. Clover, ladino—Trifolium repens L. Bean, adzuki—Vigna angularis (Willd.) Ohwi Clover, lappa—Trifolium lappaceum L. and Ohashi Clover, large hop—Trifolium campestre Bean, field—Phaseolus vulgaris L. Schreb. Bean, mung—Vigna radiata (L.) Wilczek Clover, Persian—Trifolium resupinatum L. Beet, field—Beta vulgaris L. subsp. vulgaris Clover, red or Beet, sugar—Beta vulgaris L. subsp. vulgaris Red clover, mammoth—Trifolium pratense Beggarweed, —Desmodium tortuosum L. (Sw.) DC. Red clover, medium—Trifolium pratense L. Bentgrass, colonial—Agrostis capillaris L. Clover, —Trifolium hirtum All. Bentgrass, creeping—Agrostis stolonifera L. Clover, small hop or suckling—Trifolium var. palustris (Huds.) Farw. dubium Sibth. Bentgrass, velvet—Agrostis canina L. Clover, strawberry—Trifolium fragiferum L. Bermudagrass—Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers. Clover, sub or subterranean—Trifolium var. dactylon subterraneum L. Bermudagrass, giant—Cynodon dactylon (L.) Clover, white—Trifolium repens L. (also see Pers. var. aridus Harlan and de Wet Clover, ladino) Bluegrass, annual—Poa annua L. Clover—(also see Alyceclover, Burclover, Bluegrass, bulbous—Poa bulbosa L. Buttonclover, Sourclover, Bluegrass, Canada—Poa compressa L. Sweetclover) Bluegrass, glaucantha—Poa glauca Vahl Corn, field—Zea mays L. Bluegrass, —Poa pratensis L. Corn, pop—Zea mays L. Bluegrass, —Poa secunda J.S. Presl Cotton—Gossypium spp. Bluegrass, rough—Poa trivialis L. Cowpea—Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp. subsp. Bluegrass, —Poa arachnifera Torr. unguiculata Bluegrass, wood—Poa nemoralis L. Crambe—Crambe abyssinica R.E. Fries Bluejoint—Calamagrostis canadensis (Michx.) Crested dogtail—Cynosurus cristatus L. P. Beauv. Crotalaria, lance—Crotalaria lanceolata E. Bluestem, big—Andropogon gerardii Vitm. Mey. var. gerardii Crotalaria, showy—Crotalaria spectabilis Roth Bluestem, little—Schizachyrium scoparium Crotalaria, slenderleaf—Crotalaria brevidens (Michx.) Nash Benth. var. intermedia (Kotschy) Polh. Bluestem, sand—Andropogon hallii Hack. Crotalaria, striped or smooth—Crotalaria Bluestem, yellow—Bothriochloa ischaemum pallida Ait. (L.) Keng Crotalaria, sunn—Crotalaria juncea L. Bottlebrush-squirreltail—Elymus elymoides Crownvetch—Coronilla varia L. (Raf.) Swezey Dallisgrass—Paspalum dilatatum Poir. Brome, field—Bromus arvensis L. Dichondra—Dichondra repens Forst. and Brome, meadow—Bromus biebersteinii Roem. Forst. f. and Schult. Dropseed, sand—Sporobolus cryptandrus Brome, mountain—Bromus marginatus Steud. (Torr.) A. Gray Brome, smooth—Bromus inermis Leyss. Emmer—Triticum dicoccon Schrank Broomcorn—Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench Fescue, chewings—Festuca rubra L. subsp. Buckwheat—Fagopyrum esculentum Moench commutata Gaud. Buffalograss—Buchloe dactyloides (Nutt.) Fescue, hair—Festuca tenuifolia Sibth. Engelm. Fescue, hard—Festuca brevipila Tracey Buffelgrass—Cenchrus ciliaris L. Fescue, meadow—Festuca pratensis Huds. Burclover, —Medicago polymorpha Fescue, red—Festuca rubra L. subsp. rubra L. Fescue, sheep—Festuca ovina L. var. ovina Burclover, spotted—Medicago arabica (L.) Fescue, tall—Festuca arundinacea Schreb. Huds. Flax—Linum usitatissimum L. Burnet, little—Sanguisorba minor Scop. Galletagrass—Hilaria jamesii (Torr.) Benth. Buttonclover—Medicago orbicularis (L.) Grama, blue—Bouteloua gracilis (Kunth) Bartal. Steud. Canarygrass—Phalaris canariensis L. Grama, side-oats—Bouteloua curtipendula Canarygrass, reed—Phalaris arundinacea L. (Michx.) Torr. Carpetgrass—Axonopus fissifolius (Raddi) Guar—Cyamopsis tetragonoloba (L.) Taub. Kuhlm. Guineagrass—Panicum maximum Jacq. var. Castorbean—Ricinus communis L. maximum Chess, soft—Bromus hordeaceus L. Hardinggrass—Phalaris stenoptera Hack. Chickpea—Cicer arietinum L. Hemp—Cannabis sativa L. Clover, alsike— L. Indiangrass, yellow—Sorghastrum nutans (L.) Clover, arrowleaf—Trifolium vesiculosum Savi Nash Clover, berseem—Trifolium alexandrinum L. Indigo, hairy—Indigofera hirsuta L.

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Japanese lawngrass—Zoysia japonica Steud. Rye—Secale cereale L. Johnsongrass—Sorghum halepense (L.) Pers. Rye, mountain—Secale strictum (K.B. Presl) Kenaf—Hibiscus cannabinus L. K.B. Presl subsp. strictum Kochia, forage—Kochia prostrata (L.) Schrad. Ryegrass, annual or Italian—Lolium Kudzu—Pueraria (Lour.) Merr. var. multiflorum Lam. lobata (Willd.) Maesen and S. Almeida Ryegrass, intermediate—Lolium×hybridum Lentil—Lens culinaris Medik. Hausskn. Lespedeza, Korean—Kummerowia stipulacea Ryegrass, perennial—Lolium perenne L. (Maxim.) Makino Ryegrass, Wimmera—Lolium rigidum Gaud. Lespedeza, sericea or Chinese—Lespedeza Safflower—Carthamus tinctorius L. cuneata (Dum.-Cours.) G. Don Sagewort, —Artemisia ludoviciana Lespedeza, Siberian—Lespedeza juncea (L. f.) Nutt. Pers. Sainfoin—Onobrychis viciifolia Scop. Lespedeza, striate—Kummerowia striata Saltbush, fourwing—Atriplex canescens (Thunb.) Schindler (Pursh) Nutt. Lovegrass, sand—Eragrostis trichodes (Nutt.) Sesame—Sesamum indicum L. Wood Sesbania—Sesbania exaltata (Raf.) A.W. Hill Lovegrass, weeping—Eragrostis curvula Smilo—Piptatherum miliaceum (L.) Coss. (Schrad.) Nees Sorghum—Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench Lupine, blue—Lupinus angustifolius L. Sorghum almum—Sorghum×almum L. Parodi Lupine, white—Lupinus albus L. Sorghum-sudangrass—Sorghum×drummondii Lupine, yellow—Lupinus luteus L. (Steud.) Millsp. and Chase Manilagrass—Zoysia matrella (L.) Merr. Sorgrass—Rhizomatous derivatives of a Meadow foxtail—Alopecurus pratensis L. johnsongrass×sorghum cross or a Medic, black—Medicago lupulina L. johnsongrass×sudangrass cross Milkvetch or cicer milkvetch—Astragalus Southernpea—(See Cowpea) cicer L. Sourclover—Melilotus indicus (L.) All. Millet, browntop—Brachiaria ramosa (L.) Soybean—Glycine max (L.) Merr. Stapf Spelt—Triticum spelta L. Millet, foxtail—Setaria italica (L.) Beauv. Sudangrass—Sorghum×drummondii (Steud.) Millet, Japanese—Echinochloa frumentacea Millsp. and Chase Link Sunflower— L. Millet, pearl—Pennisetum glaucum (L.) R. Br. Sweetclover, white—Melilotus albus Medik. Millet, proso—Panicum miliaceum L. Sweetclover, yellow—Melilotus officinalis Molassesgrass—Melinis minutiflora Beauv. Lam. Mustard, black—Brassica nigra (L.) Koch Sweet vernalgrass—Anthoxanthum odoratum Mustard, India—Brassica juncea (L.) Czernj. L. and Coss. Sweetvetch, northern—Hedysarum boreale Mustard, white—Sinapis alba L. Nutt. Napiergrass—Pennisetum purpureum Switchgrass—Panicum virgatum L. Schumach. Timothy—Phleum pratense L. Needlegrass, green—Stipa viridula Trin. Timothy, turf—Phleum bertolonii DC. Oat—Avena byzantina C. Koch, A. sativa L., A. Tobacco—Nicotiana tabacum L. nuda L. Trefoil, big—Lotus uliginosus Schk. Oatgrass, tall—Arrhenatherum elatius (L.) Trefoil, birdsfoot—Lotus corniculatus L. J.S. Presl and K.B. Presl Triticale—x Triticosecale Wittm. Orchardgrass—Dactylis glomerata L. (Secale×Triticum) Panicgrass, blue—Panicum antidotale Retz. Vaseygrass—Paspalum urvillei Steud. Panicgrass, green—Panicum maximum Jacq. Veldtgrass—Ehrharta calycina J.E. Smith var. trichoglume Robyns Velvetbean—Mucuna pruriens (L.) DC. var. Pea, field—Pisum sativum L. utilis (Wight) Burck Peanut—Arachis hypogaea L. Velvetgrass—Holcus lanatus L. Poa trivialis—(see Bluegrass, rough) Vetch, common—Vicia sativa L. subsp. sativa Rape, annual—Brassica napus L. var. annua Vetch, hairy—Vicia villosa Roth subsp. villosa Koch Vetch, Hungarian—Vicia pannonica Crantz Rape, bird—Brassica rapa L. subsp. rapa Vetch, monantha—Vicia articulata Hornem. Rape, turnip—Brassica rapa L. subsp. Vetch, narrowleaf or blackpod—Vicia sativa silvestris (Lam.) Janchen L. subsp. nigra (L.) Ehrh. Rape, winter—Brassica napus L. var. biennis Vetch, purple—Vicia benghalensis L. (Schubl. and Mart.) Reichb. Vetch, woollypod or winter—Vicia villosa Redtop—Agrostis gigantea Roth Roth subsp. varia (Host) Corb. Rescuegrass—Bromus catharticus Vahl Wheat, common—Triticum aestivum L. Rhodesgrass—Chloris gayana Kunth Wheat, club—Triticum compactum Host Rice—Oryza sativa L. Wheat, durum—Triticum durum Desf. Ricegrass, Indian—Oryzopsis hymenoides Wheat, Polish—Triticum polonicum L. (Roem. and Schult.) Ricker Wheat, poulard—Triticum turgidum L. Roughpea—Lathyrus hirsutus L. Wheat×Agrotricum—Triticum×Agrotriticum

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Wheatgrass, beardless—Pseudoroegneria Import/importation. To bring into the spicata (Pursh) A. Love territorial limits of the United States. Wheatgrass, crested or fairway crested— Kind. One or more related species or Agropyron cristatum (L.) Gaertn. subspecies that singly or collectively is Wheatgrass, crested or standard crested— Agropyron desertorum (Link) Schult. known by one common name, e.g., soy- Wheatgrass, intermediate—Elytrigia inter- bean, flax, or carrot. media (Host) Nevski subsp. intermedia Lot of seed. A definite quantity of Wheatgrass, pubescent—Elytrigia intermedia seed identified by a lot number, every (Host) Nevski subsp. intermedia portion or bag of which is uniform, Wheatgrass, Siberian—Agropyron fragile within permitted tolerances, for the (Roth) Candargy subsp. sibiricum (Willd.) factors that appear in the labeling. Meld. Wheatgrass, slender—Elymus trachycaulus Mixture. Seeds consisting of more (Link) Shinn. than one kind or variety, each present Wheatgrass, streambank—Elymus lanceolatus in excess of 5 percent of the whole. (Scribn. and J.G. Smith) Gould subsp. Official seed laboratory. An official lanceolatus laboratory member of the Association Wheatgrass, tall—Elytrigia elongata (Host) of Official Seed Analysts. Nevski Pelleted seed. Any seed unit covered Wheatgrass, western—Pascopyrum smithii with a substance that changes the size, (Rydb.) A. Love Wildrye, basin—Leymus cinereus (Scribn. and shape, or weight of the original seed in Merr.) A. Love order to improve the plantability or Wildrye, Canada—Elymus canadensis L. singulation of the seed. Wildrye, Russian—Psathyrostachys juncea Person. Any individual, partnership, (Fisch.) Nevski corporation, company, society, associa- Zoysia japonica—(see Japanese lawngrass) tion, receiver, trustee, or other legal Zoysia matrella—(see Manilagrass) entity or organized group. Animal and Plant Health Inspection Port of first arrival. The land area Service (APHIS). The Animal and Plant (such as a seaport, airport, or land bor- Health Inspection Service of the U.S. der station) where a person, or a land, Department of Agriculture. water, or air vehicle, first arrives after APHIS inspector. Any employee of the entering the territorial limits of the Animal and Plant Health Inspection United States, and where inspection of Service or any other individual author- articles is carried out by APHIS in- ized by the Administrator to enforce spectors. this part. Registered seed technologist. A reg- Coated Seed. Any seed unit covered istered member of the Society of Com- with any substance that changes the mercial Seed Technologists. size, shape, or weight of the original Screenings. Chaff, sterile florets, im- seed. Seeds coated with ingredients mature seed, weed seed, inert matter, such as, but not limited to, rhizobia, and any other materials removed in dyes, and pesticides are excluded. any way from any seeds in any kind of Declaration. A written statement of a cleaning or processing and which con- grower, shipper, processor, dealer, or tains less than 25 percent of live agri- importer giving for any lot of seed the cultural or vegetable seeds. kind, variety, type, origin, or the use State. Any State, the District of Co- for which the seed is intended. lumbia, , , the Hybrid. When applied to kinds or va- , Puerto rieties of seed means the first genera- Rico, the Virgin Islands of the United tion seed of a cross produced by con- States, and any other territory or pos- trolling the pollination and by com- session of the United States. bining two or more inbred lines; one in- United States. All of the States. bred or a single cross with an open-pol- Variety. A subdivision of a kind which linated variety; or two selected clones, is characterized by growth, plant, fruit, seed lines, varieties, or species. ‘‘Con- seed, or other characteristics by which trolling the pollination’’ means to use it can be differentiated from other a method of hybridization that will sorts of the same kind. produce pure seed that is at least 75 Vegetable seed. The seed of the fol- percent hybrid seed. Hybrid designa- lowing kinds and varieties that are or tions shall be treated as variety names. may be grown in gardens or on truck

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farms and are or may be generally Melon—Cucumis melo L. known and sold under the name of veg- Muskmelon—(see Melon). etable seed: Mustard, India—Brassica juncea (L.) Czernj. and Coss. Artichoke—Cynara cardunculus L. subsp. Mustard, spinach—Brassica perviridis (Bailey) cardunculus Bailey Asparagus—Asparagus officinalis Baker Okra—Abelmoschus esculentus (L.) Moench Asparagusbean or yard-long bean—Vigna Onion—Allium cepa L. unguiculata (L.) Walp. subsp. sesquipedalis Onion, Welsh—Allium fistulosum L. (L.) Verdc. Pak-choi—Brassica rapa L. subsp. chinensis Bean, garden—Phaseolus vulgaris L. (L.) Hanelt Bean, lima—Phaseolus lunatus L. Parsley—Petroselinum crispum (Mill.) A.W. Bean, runner or scarlet runner—Phaseolus Hill coccineus L. Parsnip—Pastinaca sativa L. Beet—Beta vulgaris L. subsp. vulgaris Pea—Pisum sativum L. Broadbean—Vicia faba L. Pepper—Capsicum spp. Broccoli—Brassica oleracea L. var. botrytis L. Pe-tsai—(see Chinese cabbage). Brussels sprouts—Brassica oleracea L. var. Pumpkin—Cucurbita pepo L., C. moschata gemmifera DC. (Duchesne) Poiret, and C. maxima Duchesne Burdock, great—Arctium lappa L. Radish—Raphanus sativus L. Cabbage—Brassica oleracea L. var. capitata L. Rhubarb—Rheum rhabarbarum L. Cabbage, Chinese—Brassica rapa L. subsp. Rutabaga—Brassica napus L. var. pekinensis (Lour.) Hanelt napobrassica (L.) Reichb. Cabbage, tronchuda—Brassica oleracea L. var. Sage—Salvia officinalis L. costata DC. Salsify—Tragopogon porrifolius L. Cantaloupe—(see Melon) Savory, summer—Satureja hortensis L. Cardoon—Cynara cardunculus L. subsp. Sorrel—Rumex acetosa L. cardunculus Southernpea—(see Cowpea). Carrot—Daucus carota L. subsp. sativus Soybean—Glycine max (L.) Merr. (Hoffm.) Arcang. Spinach—Spinacia oleracea L. Cauliflower—Brassica oleracea L. var. botrytis Spinach, —Tetragonia L. tetragonioides (Pall.) Ktze. Celeriac—Apium graveolens L. var. rapaceum Squash—Cucurbita pepo L., C. moschata (Mill.) Gaud. (Duchesne) Poiret, and C. maxima Duchesne Celery—Apium graveolens L. var. dulce (Mill.) Tomato—Lycopersicon esculentum Mill. Pers. Tomato, husk—Physalis pubescens L. Chard, Swiss—Beta vulgaris L. subsp. cicla Turnip—Brassica rapa L. subsp. rapa (L.) Koch Watermelon—Citrullus lanatus (Thunb.) Chicory—Cichorium intybus L. Matsum. and Nakai var. lanatus Chives—Allium schoenoprasum L. Citron—Citrullus lanatus (Thunb.) Matsum. § 361.2 Preemption of State and local and Nakai var. citroides (Bailey) Mansf. laws; general restrictions on the im- Collards—Brassica oleracea L. var. acephala portation of seed and screenings. DC. (a) The regulations in this part pre- Corn, sweet—Zea mays L. empt State and local laws regarding Cornsalad—Valerianella locusta (L.) Laterrade Cowpea—Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp. subsp. seed and screenings imported into the unguiculata United States while the seed and Cress, garden—Lepidium sativum L. screenings are in foreign commerce. Cress, upland—Barbarea verna (Mill.) Asch. Seed and screenings imported for im- Cress, water—Rorippa nasturtium-aquaticum mediate distribution and sale to the (L.) Hayek consuming public remain in foreign Cucumber—Cucumis sativus L. commerce until sold to the ultimate Dandelion—Taraxacum officinale Wigg. consumer. The question of when for- Dill—Anethum graveolens L. Eggplant—Solanum melongena L. eign commerce ceases in other cases Endive—Cichorium endivia L. must be considered on a case-by-case Gherkin, West India—Cucumis anguria L. basis. Kale—Brassica oleracea L. var. acephala DC. (b) No person shall import any agri- Kale, Chinese—Brassica oleracea L. var. cultural seed, vegetable seed, or alboglabra (Bailey) Musil screenings into the United States un- Kale, Siberian—Brassica napus L. var. less the importation is in compliance pabularia (DC.) Reichb. Kohlrabi—Brassica oleracea L. var. gongylodes with this part. L. (c) Any agricultural seed, vegetable Leek—Allium porrum L. seed, or screenings imported into the Lettuce—Lactuca sativa L. United States not in compliance with

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