National Park Service U.S. Department of the Interior

New River Gorge National River

Plants of the Sandstone Visitor Center site rev. 8/08 (* = native species; bloom color: BL = blue/purple, BR = brown, G = green, O = orange, R = red, P = pink, W = white, and Y = yellow)

Pteridophyta – Ferns and Lycosphens Liliacae – Lily Family † Allium cernuum...... *Nodding Wild Onion(P)

Osmundaceae – Royal Fern Family Amaryllidaceae – Amaryllis Family † Osmunda cinnamomea ...... *Cinnamon Fern † Galanthus sp...... Snowdrop(W) † Narcissi sp...... Daffodil(Y) Polypodiaceae – Fern Family † Athyrium angustum...... *Northern Lady Fern Iridaceae – Iris Family † Onoclea sensibilis ...... *Sensitive Fern † † Matteuccia pensylvanica...... *Ostrich Fern Sisyrinchium angustifolium .. *Blue- eyed Grass (BL) † † Polystichum acrostichoides... *Christmas Fern Iris cristata ...... *Crested Iris (BL) † Asplenium sp...... *Spleenwort † Asplenium platyneuron ...... *Ebony Spleenwort Corylaceae – Hazel Family † Adiantum pedatum...... *Maidenhair Fern † Betula nigra...... *River Birch

Spermatophyta – Seed Plants Salicaceae – Willow Family † Salix nigra ...... *Black Willow Pinaceae – Pine Family † Pinus strobus ...... *White Pine Juglandaceae – Walnut Family † Juglans nigra...... *Black Walnut Cupressaceae – Cypress Family † Juniperus virginiana...... *Red Cedar Corylaceae – Hazel Family † Betula nigra...... *River Birch Typhaceae – Cattail Family † Typha latifolia ...... *Broad- leaved Cattail Fagaceae – Beech Family † Castanea dentata...... *American Chestnut Gramineae – Grass Family † Quercus alba ...... *White Oak † † Sorghastrum nutans ...... *Indian Grass Quercus coccinea...... *Scarlet Oak † † Andropogon scoparius...... *Little Bluestem Quercus prinus ...... *Chestnut Oak † † Pabicum virgatum ...... *Switch Grass Quercus rubra...... *Northern Red Oak † Paspalum circulare ...... *(no common name) † Setaria lutescens...... Yellow Foxtail Polygonaceae – Buckwheat Family † Uniola latifolia ...... *Broadleaf Uniola † Rumex sp...... Dock † ? Eragrostis sp...... *(no common name) † Bromus japonicus...... Japanese Bromegrass Phytolaccaceae – Pokeweed Family † Elymus canadensis (?) ...... *Canada Wild Rye † Phytolacca americana...... *Pokeweed(W)

Cyperaceae – Sedge Family Caryophyllaceae – Pink Family † ? Cyperus erthrorhizos ...... *(no common name) † Cerastium vulgatum...... Mouse- ear † Scirpus cyperinus...... *Woolgrass Chickweed(W) † Dianthus armeria...... Deptford Pink(P) Commelinaceae – Spiderwort Family † Silene virginica...... *Fire Pink(R) † Tradescantia virginiana...... *Spiderwort (BL) 1 Ranunculaceae – Crowfoot Family † Cercis canadensis ...... *Redbud(P) † Ranunculus sp...... *Buttercup(Y) † Baptisia australis...... *Blue False Indigo(BL) † Clematis virginiana ...... *Virgin’s Bower(G) † Medicago sativa...... Alfalfa/Lucerne(BL) † Cimicifuga racemosa...... *Black † Trifolium incarnatum...... Crimson Clover(R) Cohosh/Snakeroot(W) † Trifolium repens...... *White Clover(W) † Aquilegia canadensis ...... *Wild Columbine(R) † Trifolium pratense...... Red Clover(P) † Aquilegia vulgaris...... European † Trifolium campestre ...... Low Hop Clover(Y) Columbine(BL) † Melilotus officinalis...... Yellow Sweet Clover(Y) † Delphinium ajacis ...... Rocket Larkspur(BL) † Melilotus alba ...... White Sweet Clover(W) † Trollius laxus...... Spreading † Lotus corniculatus ...... Birdsfoot Trefoil(Y) Globeflower(W) † Robinia pseudo- acacia...... *Black Locust(W) † Coronilla varia...... Crown Vetch(BL) Berberidaceae – Barberry Family † Desmodium canadense ...... *Tick- trefoil/ † Podophyllum peltatum...... *May- apple/ Sticktight(BL) Mandrake(W) † Lespedeza cuneata...... Sericea(W) † Vicia villosa ...... Hairy Vetch(BL)

Magnoliaceae – Magnolia Family Oxalidaceae – Wood-sorrel Family † Liriodendron tulipifera ...*Tuliptree/Yellow- † Oxalis sp...... *Yellow Wood Sorrel(Y) poplar(Y)

Geraniaceae – Geranium Family Cruciferae – Mustard Family † Geranium bicknellii...... *Bicknell’s Crane’s- † Dentaria laciniata ...... *Cutleaf Toothwort(W) bill(P) † Cardamine sp...... *Bittercress(W) † Geranium carolinianum...... *Carolina Crane’s- † Brassica rapa ...... Bird’s Rape/Field bill(W) Mustard † Barbarea vulgaris ...... Winter Cress (Y) Euphorbiaceae – Spurge Family Crassulaceae – Orpine Family † Euphorbia corollata ...... *Flowering Spurge(W)

† Sedum ternatum...... *Wild Stonecrop Anacardiaceae – Cashew Family Saxifragaceae – Saxifrage Family † Rhus aromatica ...... *Fragrant Sumac(R) † Rhus typhina...... *Staghorn Sumac(R) † Hydrangea arborescens...... *Wild Hydrangea † Hydrangea arborescens...... White Dome Hydrangea(W) Aquifoliaceae – Holly Family † Ilex verticillata...... *Winterberry(W) Hamamelidaceae – Witch-hazel Family † Hamamelis virginiana...... *Witch- hazel(Y) Celastraceae – Stafftree Family † Euonymus americanus ...... *Strawberry Bush(G) Platanaceae – Plane Tree Family † Platanus occidentalis ...... *Sycamore Aceraceae – Maple Family † Acer rubrum...... *Red Maple(R) Rosaceae – Rose Family † Potentilla simplex ...... *Common Cinquefoil(Y) Balsaminaceae – Jewelweed Family † Rubus allegheniensis ...... *Common Blackberry(W) † Impatiens capensis...... *Spotted Touch- me- not † Rosa multiflora...... Multiflora Rose(W) /Jewelweed(O) † Pyrus melanocarpa...... *Black Chokeberry † Chaenomeles japonica...... Japanese Quince(P) Vitaceae – Vine Family † Amerlanchier arborea...... *Serviceberry / † Parthenocissus quinquefolia . *Virginia Creeper Sarvice(W) † Potentilla recta ...... Rough- fruited Guttiferae – St. Johnswort Family Cinquefoil(Y) † Hypericum prolificum ...... *Shrubby St. Johnswort(Y) Leguminosae – Pulse Family † Hypericum perforatum ...... *Common St. † Cassia hebecarpa ...... *Wild Senna(Y) Johnswort(Y) † Cassia nictitans ...... *Wild Sensitive Plant(Y) 2 Violaceae – Violet Family † Ipomoea lacunosa...... *Small White Morning † Viola sp...... *Violet(BL) Glory(W) † Convolvulus sepium...... *Hedge Bindweed(W) Onagraceae – Evening-primrose Family † Ludwigia alternifolia...... *Seedbox(Y) Polemoniaceae – Polemonium Family † Epilobium grandulosum...... *Northern Willow † Phlox subulata ...... *Moss Phlox(BL) Herb(W) † Phlox paniculata...... *Garden Phlox(W/BL) † Oenothera beinnis...... *Evening Primrose(Y) † Oenothera tetragona ...... *Common Sundrops(Y) Hydrophyllaceae – Waterleaf Family † Phacelia purshii ...... *Miami- mist(BL) Umbelliferae – Carrot Family Boraginaceae – Borage Family † Daucus carota ...... Queen Anne’s Lace(W) † Myosotis scorpioides...... True Forget- me- not(BL) † Zizia trifoliata ...... *Golden Alexander(Y) † Osmorhiza longistylis ...... *Aniseroot(W) Labiatae – Mint Family † Lycopus americanus...... *Water Horehound(W) Cornaceae – Dogwood Family † Scutellaria serrata...... *Showy Skullcap(BL) † Cornus florida ...... *Flowering Dogwood(W) † Monarda didyma ...... *Bee Balm/ Oswego † Cornus amomum...... *Silky Dogwood(W) Tea(R) † Monarda fistulosa ...... *Wild Bergamot(BL) Pyrolaceae – Wintergreen Family † Pycnanthemum incanum...... *Hoary Mountain † Clethra acuminata ...... *Sweet Pepperbush(W) Mint(W) † Pycnanthemum sp...... *Mountain Mint(W) Ericaceae – Heath Family † Lamium purpureum...... Purple Dead- nettle(BL) † Teucrium canadense ...... *American † Rhododendron maximum .... *Great Germander(W) Rhododendron(W) † Physostegia virginiana ...... *False Dragon Head/ † Oxydendrum arboreum...... *Sourwood(W) Obedient Plant(BL) † Vaccinium corymbosum...... *Highbush Blueberry

Solanaceae – Nightshade Family Primulaceae – Primrose Family † Solanum carolinense ...... *Horse Nettle(W) † Dodecatheon meadia...... *Shooting Star(W) † Datura stramonium ...... Jimson Weed

Styracaceae – Storax Family Scrophulariaceae – Figwort Family † Halesia carolina ...... *Carolina Silverbells(W) † Verbascum thapsus...... Common Mullein(Y)

† Veronicastrum virginicum ... *Culver’s Root(W) Oleaceae – Olive Family † Veronica serpyllifolia ...... Thyme- leaved † Chionanthus virginica ...... *Fringetree(F) Speedwell(BL) † Forsythia suspensa ...... Forsythia/Golden Bell(Y) † Mimulus ringens...... *Monkey Flower(BL) † Chelone glabra...... *Turtlehead Gentianaceae – Gentian Family † Penstemon digitalis ...... *White Beardtongue(W) † Sabatia angularis ...... *Rose Pink/ Bitterbloom(P) Bignoniaceae – Bignonia Family † Gentiana crinita...... *Fringed Gentian(BL) † Campsis radicans ...... *Trumpet Creeper(O) † Gentiana andrewsii...... *Bottle Gentian(BL) † Catalpa bignonioides...... *Common Catalpa(W)

Apocynaceae – Dogbane Family Acanthaceae – Acanthus Family † Apocynum cannabinum ...... *Indian Hemp(W) † Ruellia caroliniensis...... *Hairy Ruellia(BL)

Asclepiadaceae – Milkweed Family Rubiaceae – Madder Family † Asclepias tuberosa ...... *Butterfly Weed(R) † Galium aparine ...... *Cleavers / Goose † Asclepias incarnata ...... *Swamp Milkweed(P) Grass(W) † Asclepias syriaca...... *Common Milkweed(P) † Houstonia tenuifolia...... *Narrow- leaved Houstonia(W) Convolvulaceae – Morning-glory Family † Cephalanthus occidentalis .... *Buttonbush(W) † Ipomoea purpurea...... Morning Glory(BL)

3 Caprifoliaceae – Honeysuckle Family † Senecio obovatus ...... *Round- leaved † Lonicera japonica...... Japanese Ragwort(Y) Honeysuckle(W) † Cirsium arvense ...... Canada Thistle(BL) † Lonicera sempervirens ...... *Trumpet † Cichorium intybus ...... Chickory(BL) Honeysuckle(R) † Tragopogon pratensis...... Yellow Goatsbeard(Y) † Vibernum trilobum...... *Cranberrytree(W) † Taraxacum officinale...... Common Dandelion(Y) † Sambucus canadensis ...... *Black Elderberry(W) † Sonchus asper...... Spiny Sow Thistle † Valerianella olitoria ...... *Corn Salad(W) † Hieracium pratense...... *Field Hawkweed(Y)

Lobeliaceae – Lobelia Family Buxaceae – Boxwood Family † Lobelia cardinalis ...... *Cardinal Flower(R) † Pachysandra procumbens .... *Allegheny Pachysandra † Lobelia siphilitica ...... *Great Lobelia(BL) † Lobelia spicata...... *Spiked Lobelia(W)

Compositae – Composite Family † Vernonia noveboracensis ..... *New York Ironweed(BL) † Eupatorium purpuream ...... *Wide- leaved Joe- pye Weed(P) † Eupatorium sessilifolium...... *Upland Boneset(W) † Eupatorium coelestinum ...... *Mistflower(BL) † Liatris spicata...... *Blazing Star/ Gay Feathers(BL) † Solidago sp...... *Goldenrod(Y) † Solidago juncea ...... *Early Goldenrod(Y) † Solidago rugosa...... *Fireworks/ Goldenrod(Y) † Aster novae- angliae ...... *New England Aster(BL/P) † Aster laevis ...... *Smooth Aster(BL) † Aster umbellatus...... *Flat- top Aster(W) † Erigeron philadelphicus...... *Common Fleabane(W) † Erigeron annuus...... *Daisy Fleabane(W) † Antennaria virginica ...... *Shale- barren Pussytoes(W) † Ambrosia artemisiifolia...... *Common Ragweed(G) † Chrysogonum virginianum...*Green & Gold(Y) † Parthenium integrifolium ..... *Wild Quinine(W) † Rudbeckia fulgida...... *Black- eyed Susan(Y) † Rudbeckia fulgida...... *“Goldstrum” Black- eyed Susan(Y) † Rudbeckia triloba ...... *Brown- eyed Susan(Y) † Echinacea laevigata...... *Smooth Coneflower(Y) † Helianthus dowellianus ...... *McDowell’s Sunflower(Y) † Coreopsis tinctoria ...... *Garden Coreopsis(Y) † Coreopsis lanceolata...... *Lance- leaved Coreopsis(Y) † Coreopsis verticillata...... *Whorled Coreopsis(Y) † Coreopsis tripteris...... *Tall Coreopsis(Y) † Achillea millefolium ...... *Yarrow/Milfoil(Y) † Chrysanthemum leucanthemum *Ox- eye Daisy(W) † Tussilago farfara...... Coltsfoot(Y)

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