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Home , Aristolochia californica, Aruncus dioicus, Calochortus tolmiei, Calochortus uniflorus, Cardamine californica, Chorizanthe valida

19005 Coast Highway One, Jenner, CA 95450 ■ 707.847.3437 ■ [email protected] ■ www.fortross.org

Title: Vascular at Fort Ross State Historic Park

Author(s): Dorothy Scherer

Published by: Native Society i Source: Fort Ross Conservancy Library

URL: www.fortross.org

Fort Ross Conservancy (FRC) asks that you acknowledge FRC as the source of the content; if you use material from FRC online, we request that you link directly to the URL provided. If you use the content offline, we ask that you credit the source as follows: “Courtesy of Fort Ross Conservancy, www.fortross.org.”

Fort Ross Conservancy, a 501(c)(3) and California State Park cooperating association, connects people to the history

and beauty of Fort Ross and Salt Point State Parks.

© Fort Ross Conservancy, 19005 Coast Highway One, Jenner, CA 95450, 707-847-3437

.~ )

VASCULAR PLANTS of FORT ROSS STATE HISTORIC PARK

SONOMA COUNTY

A PLANT COMMUNITIES PROJECT DOROTHY KING YOUNG CHAPTER CALIFORNIA NATIVE PLANT SOCIETY

DOROTHY SCHERER, CHAIRPERSON DECEMBER 30, 1999 ) Vascular Plants of Fort Ross State Historic Park August 18, 2000 Family Common Name Plant Habitat Listed/ Community Comments & Allies: Azollaceae/Mosquito Fern Azo/la filiculoides Mosquito Fern wp Blechnaceae/Deer Fern Blechnum spicant Deer Fern RV mp,sp Woodwardia fimbriata Giant Chain Fern RV wp Oennstaedtiaceae/Bracken Fern Pleridium aquilinum var. pubescens Bracken, Brake CG,CC,CF mh T Oryopteridaceae/Wood Fern Athyrium filix-femina var. cyclosorum Western lady Fern RV sp,wp Dryopteris arguta Coastal Wood Fern OS op,st Dryopteris expansa Spreading Wood Fern RV sp,wp munitum Western Sword Fern CF mh,mp Equisetaceae/Horsetail Equisetum arvense Common Horsetail RV ds,mp Equisetum hyemale ssp.affine Common Scouring Rush RV mp,sg Equisetum laevigatum Smooth Scouring Rush mp,sg Equisetum telmateia ssp. braunii Giant Horsetail RV wp /Polypody californicum California Polypody mh,pl Polypodium glycyrrhiza Licorice Fern mp,pl,rp Polypodium scouleri Leather- Fern BS mp,pl,rp Pteridaceae/Brake Adiantum aleuticum Five-finger Fern CF,MW,RV mp,sp,serp Adiantum jordanii California Maidenhair CF,MW mp,sp Pentagramma triangularis Goldback Fern sp,rc,rp : Cupressaceae/Cypress Monterey Cypress ds A / • Abies grandis Grand Fir CF,MW Pinus lambertiana Sugar Pine CF,MW Bishop Pine CC,CF,MW Pseudotsuga menziesii var. menziesii Douglas-fir CF,MW Tsuga heterophylla Western Hemlock CF,MW sp /Yew californica California Nutmeg CF,MW sp Taxodiaceae/Bald Cypress Coast Redwood CF,MW mp

Angiospenns/Dicots: Aceraceae/Maple Acer macrophyllum Big-leaf Maple RV mp Aizoaceae/ Fig-marigold or Carpet-weed Carpobrotus chilensis Sea Fig CS,BS A • Carpobrotus edulis Hottentot Fig CS,BS,DS A, I • Tetragonia tetragonioides New Zealand cs ds A Anacardiaceae/Sumac or • Toxicodendron diversilobum Western Poison Oak DS,CC,CF, rs T Cashew MW (Umbelliferae)/ Angelica hendersonii Angelica DS,BS + = Alien or non native to area - 1 - ) Vascular r'lants of Fort Ross State Historic Park August 16, 2000 Family Botanical Name Common Name Plant Habitat Listed/ Community Comments Apiaceae(Umbelliferae)/Carrot • Anthriscus caucalis Bur-chervil HG sp A • Conium maculatum Poison Hemlock ds,mp A,T • Daucus carota Carrot, Queen Anne's lace CG,HG ds,rs A Daucus pusiHus Rattlesnake Weed BS,DS rp Eryngium armatum Coyote Thistle, Coast Eryngo CG • Foeniculum vulgate Fennel ds,rs A, I Heracleum lanatum Cow-- DS,CG mp Lomatium utriculatum Foothilllomatium HG op Oenanthe sarmentosa Water Parsley wp Osmorhiza chilensis Sweet Cicely CF,MW ds Osmorhiza occidentalis Sweet Root CF,MW arctopoides Footsteps of Spring, Yellow Mats DS,CG op Sanicula bipinnata Purple Sanicle op,sl T Sanicula crassicaulis Yellow Sanicle, Gamble Weed MW op,sl • Scandix pecten-veneris Venus• Needle op,rs A • Tori/is arvensis Hedge-parsley ds A Apocynaceae/Dogbane • Vinca major Greater Periwinkle mp,sp A Araliaceae/Ginseng Aralia californica Elk , Spikenard RV mp,sp • Hedera helix English Ivy ds A,T,I /Pipevine californica Dutchman's Pipe, Birthwort CF Asarum caudatum Wild-ginger CF mp (Compositae )/ Sunflower Achillea millefolium Coastal Yarrow mh,mp,ds Adenocaulon bicolor Trail Plant, White Man's Footsteps CF mp,sp Agoseris apargioides var. eastwoodiae Beach Dandelion CS,BS,DS Agoseris grandiflora large-flowered Agoseris, California Dandelion mh Ambrosia chamissonis Beach-bur, Silver Beachweed CS,DS Anaphalis margaritacea Pearly Everlasting mh,ds,rs Artemisia douglasiana Mugwort mh,mp Aster chilensis Common Aster op,ds,mp Baccharis pilularis Coyote Brush DS,CC mh,serp • Bellis perennis English Daisy CG mh,mp,op A Blennosperma nanum var. nanum Common Blennosperma op,wp • Carduus acanthoides Plumeless thistle op,ds,rs A,N • Carduus pycnocephalus Italian Thistle CG mh,rs,ds A • Carduus tenuiflorus Slender-flowered Thistle CG,HG ds,rs,op A • Chamomilla suaveolens Pineapple Weed mh,ds,rs A • Cichorium intybus Chicory ds,rs A Cirsium quercetorum Brownie Thistle CG op

• = Alien or non native to area -2- ) Vascular r'lants of Fort Ross State Historic Park August 16, 2000 Family Botanical Name Common Name Plant Habitat Listed/ Community Comments Asteraceae(Compositae )I Sunflower • Cirsium vulgare Bull Thistle CG ds A • Cotula coronopifolia Brass-buttons CG wp A • Erechtites glomerata Coast Fireweed ds,sp A, I • Erechtites minima Australian Fireweed mh,ds A, I glaucus Seaside Daisy CS,BS,DS op Eriophy/lum lanatum var. arachnoideum Woolly Sunflower rs,rc,sp Eriophyllum staechadifolium Lizard-tail, Seaside Woolly Sunflower CS,BS op Gnaphalium califomicum Pearly Everlasting mh,op Gnaphalium purpureum Purple Cudweed ds Gnaphalium stramineum Cotton Batting Plant ds,mp • Hedypnois cretica Crete Weed op,rs A Helenium puberulum Sneezeweed CG,HG wp,rs Hemizonia corymbosa ssp. corymbosa Coast Tarweed CG op Hesperevax sparsiflora ssp. brevifolia Short-leaved Evax BS,CG op c Hieracium a/biflorum White-flowered Hawkweed CC,CF,MW dp • Hypochaeris glabra Smooth Cat's-ear CG,HG ds,rnh A • Hypochaeris radicata Rough Cat's-ear CG,HG ds A Lasthenia californica Goldfields BS,CG op Lasthenia macrantha ssp. macrantha Perennial Goldfields BS,CG op c Layia platyglossa Tidy-tips BS,CG op,sl • Leontodon taraxacoides Hawkbit ds A • Leucanthemum vulgare Ox-eye Daisy ds,op,rs A Madia elegans ssp. vernalis Common Madia, Common Tarweed HG,MW op,serp Madia madioides Woodland Madia, Tarweed CF,MW Petasites frigidus var. palmatus Coltsfoot CF mp,sp • Picris echioides Bristly Ox-tongue ds A Psilocarphus brevissimus Dwarf Wooly-heads wp • Senecio mikanioides German-Ivy, Cape-Ivy RV sp,mp A,I,N • Senecio vulgaris Common Groundsel ds A • Silybum marianum Milk Thistle ds,rs A, I Solidago spathulata ssp. spathulata Coast Goldenrod CG,DS • Sonchus asper Prickly Sow Thistle ds,rs A • Sonchus oleraceus Common Sow Thistle ds,mp A • Tragopogon porrifolius Salsify, Oyster Plant ds A Wyethia angustifolia Narrow-leaved Mule Ears DS,HG rs /Barberry Berberis nervosa Longleaf Mahonia CC,CF planipetala Redwood Ivy, Inside-out CF mp,sp Betulaceae/Birch Alnus rubra Red Alder RV wp,ds Cory/us cornuta var. californica Hazelnut DS,CF mh,mp,sp + =Alien or non native to area -3- I Vascular r'lants of Fort Ross State Historic Park August 16, 2000 Family Botanical Name Common Name Plant Habitat Listed/ Community Comments /Borage Cynoglossum grande Hound's Tongue CF • Myosotis discolor Blue Scorpion Grass CG mp,rs A • Myosotis latifOiia Forget-me-not ds,mp,sp A Plagiobothrys nothofulvus Rusty Popcorn Flower CG op (Cruciferae)/ Mustard Barbarea orthoceras American Winter Cress RV wp • Brassica nigra Black Mustard ds,rs A • Cakile maritima Sea Rocket cs A californica var. integrifolia Milk Maids, Toothwort CG op,sp,wp Cardamine californica var. sinuata Milk Maids, Toothwort CF,MW sl,sp,mp u Cardamine oligosperma Western Bitter-cress wp,sp • Hirschfeldia incana Summer Mustard ds,rs A • Raphanus raphanistrum Jointed Charlock ds,rs A • Raphanus sativus Wild Radish CS,DS ds,rs A • Rorippa nasturtium-aquaticum RV wp A • Sinapis arvensis Charlock ds.rs A • Sisymbrium officina/a Hedge Mustard ds,rs A Caprifoliaceae/Honeysuckle Lonicera hispidula var. vacillans California Honeysuckle mh,mp Lonicera involucrata var. ledebourii Twin mp Sambucus racemosa var. racemosa Red Elderberry RV,CF mp Symphoricarpos a/bus var. laevigatus Snowberry CF,MW sp,mp,sl Caryophyllaceae/Pink Cerastium arvense Field Chickweed BS,CG mh • Cerastium glomeratum Mouse-ear Chickweed ds,op A Minuartia douglasii Sandwort dp,rp,sg • Petrorhagia nanteuilii Wild Carnation ds,op,rs A,U • Polycarpon tetraphyllum Four-leaved Allseed ds A Sagina maxima ssp. crassicaulis Big Pearlwort BS rp • Silane gaHica Windmill Pink CG ds A • Spergula arvensis ssp. arvensis Com Spurrey, Stickwort, Starwort CG,HG mh,ds,op A • Spergularia rubra Red Sand-spurrey ds A Stellaria borealis ssp. sitchana Chickweed RV mp,mh u • Stellaria media Common Chickweed MW mh,ds A Convolvulaceae/Moming Glory Calystegia purpurata ssp. purpurata Western Morning Glory CG Calystegia purpurata ssp. saxicola Western Morning Glory BS,HG rp c Calystegia soldanella Beach Morning Glory cs Dichondra donelliana Dichondra CF,MW,HG op Comaceae/Oogwood Comus sericea ssp. occidentalis American Dogwood RV mp /Stonecrop farinosa Bluff Lettuce, Live Forever BS op,rp Sedumlaxum Stonecrop rp Cucurbitaceae/Gourd Marah fabaceus California Man-root, Wild Cucumber CF,HG op,sl • =Alien or non native to area -4- ) Vascular r'lants of Fort Ross State Historic Park August 16, 2000 Family Botanical Name Common Name Plant Habitat listed/ Community Comments Cucurbitaceae/Gourd Marah oreganus Coast Man-root, Wild Cucumber DS,CG op,rp Dipsacaceae/Teasel • Dipsacus sativus Fuller's Teasel ds,rs A Ericaceae/Heath Arbutus menziesii Pacific Madrone CF,MW Arctostaphylos columbiana Hairy Manzanita CF,MW rp,sl Salal DS,CG,CF mh,mp,sl Ledum glandulosum Western Labrador Tea CF,MW wp Rhododendron occidentale Western Azalea CF,RV wp California Huckleberry CC,CF,MW sp,op Vaccinium parvifolium Red Huckleberry CF mp,sp Euphorbiaceae/Spurge Eremocarpus setigerus Dove Weed, Turkey Mullein HG ds,op T • Euphorbia /athyris Gopher Plant, Caper Spurge ds A (Leguminosae)I Legume • latifolius Perennial ds A,T Lathyrus palustris Marsh Pea wp u Lathyrus vestitus var. vestitus Pacific Pea CF,MW • Lotus angustissimus Birdsfoot Trefoil ds,op,rs A • Lotus comiculatus Birdsfoot Trefoil op,ds,rs A,T Lotus formosissimus Coast Lotus, Witch's Teeth CG wp,op Lotus junceus var. biolettii Rush Lotus BS ds,rp Lotus micranthus Hill Lotus BS mh,ds Lotus purshianus var. purshianus Spanish Clover rs,ds,wp,op • Lotus tenuis Birdsfoot Trefoil rs A Lotus wrangelianus California Lotus BS,DS ds,dp,op arboreus var. arboreus Yellow Bush Lupine BS,DS T Lupinus chamissonis Chamosso's Bush Lupine OS T Lupinus latifolius var. dudleyi Broadleaf Lupine MW mp,op,sp T Lupinus rivularis BS,DS sg,op T Lupinus variicolor Lindley's Varied Lupine CG,BS,DS T • Medicago arabica Spotted Burclover ds A • Medicago polymorpha California Burclover ds A • Melilotus indicus Sourclover ds,op A,T • Melilotus officina/is Yellow Sweetclover ds,op A,T Thermopsis macrophylla Golden Pea, False-lupine op,ds,mh Trifolium barbigerum Bearded Clover ds,op,wp Trifolium depauperatum var. Dwarf Sack Clover, Balloon Clover wp,mh depauperatum • Trifolium dubium Shamrock, Little Hop Clover ds A Trifolium fucatum Bull Clover mh,wp,serp Trifolium gracilentum var. gracilentum Pinpoint Clover ds,op,serp • Trifolium hirtum Rose Clover ds,rs A + =Alien or non native to area -5- I Vascular t'lants of Fort Ross State Historic Park August 16, 2000 Family Botanical Name Common Name Plant Habitat Listed/ Community Comments Fabaceae(Leguminosae)/ Trifolium longipes Long-stalked Clover mh,serp Legume Trifolium macraei Twinhead Clover, Chile Clover OS ds • Trifolium subterraneum Subterranean Clover rs,ds,op A,T Trifolium willdenovii Tomcat Clover ds,wp,serp, mp,wp Trifolium wormskioldii Cow Clover mh americana var. americana American Vetch RV ds,mp • Vicia benghalensis Purple Vetch ds,rs A • Vicia cracca Cow Vetch, Blue Vetch, Bird Vetch ds,rs A Vicia gigantea Giant Vetch CS,DS mh,mp Vicia hassei Hasse Vetch op,sl ? • Vicia hirsuta Hairy Vetch ds,op,sl A • Vicia sativa ssp. nigra Common Vetch, Narrow-leaved Vetch ds,mh • Vicia sativa ssp. sativa Common Vetch, Spring Vetch ds • Vicia villosa Hairy Vetch, Wtnter Vetch ds,rs A Fagaceae/Oak Chrysolepis. chrysophylla var. Giant Chinquapin CF,MW chrysophylla Uthocarpus densifforus var. densiflorus Tan Oak, Tanbark Oak CF,MW Quercus x chaseii = (Q.agrifolia x Hybrid Oak MW sl Q.kelloggii) Quercus chrysolepis Canyon Live Oak, Maul Oak CF,MW sl Quercus x eplingii =(Q.douglasii x Hybrid Oak MW Q.durata) Quercus garryana var. garryana Garry Oak, Oak MW Quercus ke/loggii Kellogg Oak, California Black Oak MW sl Quercus lobata Valley Oak MW sl,op u Quercus wislizeni var. wislizeni Interior live Oak MW sl Garryaceae/Silk Tassel Garrya elliptica Coast Silk-tassel RV mh,dp,sl Gentianaceae/Gentian Centaurium davyi Centaury mp u Cicendia quadrangularis Timwort DS,CF op / • Erodium botrys Broad-leaf Filaree HG dp,ds,op • Erodium cicutarium Red-stemmed Filaree CG dp,ds,op A • Erodium moschatum White-stemmed Filaree ds,op A Geranium bicknellii Bicknell's Cranesbill HG mh u Geranium caro/inianum Carolina Geranium mh • Geranium dissectum Cut-leaved Geranium ds,op A • Geranium molle Cranesbill, Dove's-foot Geranium ds,op,sp A • Geranium potentilloides Cinquefoil Geranium CF mp,sp A • Geranium retrorsum New Zealand Geranium DS,CF,MW ds,mh A • Pelargonium vitifolium Garden Geranium BS ds A • = Alien or non native to area -6- Vascular 1-'lants of Fort Ross State Historic Park August 16, 2000 Family Botanical Name Common Name Plant Habitat Listed/ Community Comments Grossulariaceae/Gooseberry califomicum Hillside Gooseberry CF,MW op,rp Grossulariaceae/Gooseberry Ribes divaricatum var. pubiflorum Straggly Gooseberry MW sp,op,rp u Ribes menziesii Canyon Gooseberry BS,CF op Ribes sanguineum var. glutinosum Pink Flowering Currant mh Hippocastanaceae/Buckeye Aesculus califomica California Buckeye HG,MW op,dp,sl T Hydrophyllaceae/Waterleaf parviflora Woodland or Small-flowered Nemophila Hydrophyllaceae/Waterleaf Phacelia bolanderi Bolander's PhaceHa BS mh,sl Phacelia califomica California Phacelia BS mh,sl,rc Phacelia distans Wild-heliotrope rp,sl,op Phacelia imbricata ssp. imbricata Imbricate Phacelia HG sl,dp,rp Phacelia ramosissima Branching Phacelia BS,DS mh (Labiatae)!Mint • Mentha pulegium Pennyroyal ds,mp,mh A,T Monardella purpurea Siskiyou monardella rp,sl,serp u Monardella villosa ssp. franciscana Coyote Mint CG,HG rp,sg,dp Monardella villosa ssp. villosa Coyote Mint DS,HG mh,sg,dp Prunella vulgaris var. lanceolata Self-heal CF,MW mp,sp,op Prunella vulgaris var. vulgaris Self-heal CG ds,mp Satureja douglasii Verba Buena CF sp,mp Stachys ajugoides var. rigida Bugle Hedge Nettle mh,mp,dp Stachys chamissonis Coast or Swamp Hedge Nettle wp lauraceae/Laurel Umbellularia californica California Bay, California Laurel or Pepperwood RV,CF,MW T Limnanthaceae/Meadowfoam Umnanthes douglasii ssp. douglasii Common Meadowfoam, Douglas's Meadowfoam HG wp Linaceae/Fiax • Unum bienne Narrow-leaved flax CG,HG op A • Unum trigynum European Flax CG rp A Lythraceae/Loosestrife • Lythrum hyssopifolium Hyssop Loosestrife wp A /Mallow • Malva neglecta Common Mallow, Cheeses ds A Siclalcea diploscypha Fringed HG op Sidalcea malviflora ssp. malviflora Cheese Mallow, Common Checkerbloom CG,DS op Sidalcea malviflora ssp. purpurea Checker Mallow, Purple Checkerbloom CG,DS op c /Wax Myrtle califomica California Wax Myrtle RV,CC,CF, mh,mp MW Myrtaceae/Myrtle • Eucalyptus globulus Blue Gum ds A Onagraceae/Evening Primrose Camissonia ovata Sun Cup CG,HG op Clarkia davyi Davy's Godetia CG Clarkia purpurea ssp. quadrivulnera Winecup Clarkia HG op C~m~purpureassp.viminea Wtnecup Clarkia HG op Epilobium ciliatum ssp. ciliatum Northern Willow Herb mh,ds,mp Epilobium ciliatum ssp. watsonii Western Willow Herb ds,mp Epilobium densiflorum Denseflower Willow Herb mp Epilobium halleanum Hall Willow Herb RV,HG mp • = Alien or non native to area -7- 'i Vascular r'lants of Fort Ross State Historic Park August 16, 2000 Family Botanical Name Common Name Plant Habitat Listed/ Community Comments Onagraceae/Evening Primrose+ Fuschia arborescens Fuschia ds A / Oxalis albicans ssp. pilosa Hairy Wood Sorrel CG,DS sl,op Oxalis oregana Redwood Sorrel CF,RV mp,sp • Oxalis pes-caprae Bermuda Buttercup CG ds A,T Papaveraceae/Poppy Eschscholzia californica California Poppy BS,DS,CG mh,op T Platystemon californicus Cream Cups CG op Philadelphaceae/Mock Orange Whipplea modesta Modesty, Yerba de Selva CF,MW sp Pittosporaceae/Pittosporum • Pittosporum undulatum Victorian Box, Mock Orange ds A,U /P1antain • Plantago coronopus Cutleaf Plantain CS,BS ds A Plantago elongata Linearleaf Plantain CS,BS mp Plantago erecta Dwarf Plantain BS,OS,CG op,dp,serp • Plantago lanceolata English Plantain DS,BS cp,rs A • Plantago major Common Plantain, Broad-leaved Plantain DS,BS ds A Plantago maritima Pacific Seaside Plantain, Goose Tongue CS,BS rp,wp Plantago subnuda Coast Plantain BS wp,dp Plumbaginaceae/Leadwort Armeria maritima ssp. californica Thrift, Sea-Pink CS,BS,CG op /Phlox Collomia heterophy/la Varied-leaved Collomia ds,op,sg Unanthus bicolor Baby Stars mh,op squarrosa Skunkweed CG,HG wp,sg Polygalaceae/Milkwort Polygala californica Milkwort CF,MW sl,op /Buckwheat valida Sonoma Spineflower CG sg,op C,S,F,E • Eriogonum fasciculatum var. foliosum California Buckwheat OS dp,sl Eriogonum latifolium Coast Buckwheat CS,DS,BS dp,rp Eriogonum nudum var. auriculatum Nude Buckwheat HG rs,dp,op,rp • Rumex acetosella Sheep Sorrel ds,mh A,T • Rumex conglomeratus Green Dock mh,mp A,T • Rumex crispus Curley Dock CG ds,op,rs A Rumex occidentalis Western Dock CG wp,mp Rumex salicifolius var. crassus Willow Dock DS,BS mp T Rumex salicifolius var. salicifolius Willow Dock DS,BS mp,sl T Portulacaceae/Purslane Calandrinia ciliata Red Maids CG ds,op,ds perfoliata Miner's Lettuce CF,MW ds,mp,sp,mh Claytonia sibirica Candy Flower RV,CF,MW wp,mp,sp Primulaceae/Primrose • Anagallis arvensis Scarlet Pimpernel ds,mh A,T Dodecatheon hendersonii Shooting Star HG sp Trientalis latifolia Starflower CF,MW sp /Buttercup Aquilegia formosa Columbine DS,CF,MW mp nudicaule Red Larkspur DS,MW rc,sl,rp,mp • arvensis Field Buttercup, Hunger Weed ds,wp A,U Ranunculus californicus California Buttercup mh,op T • =Alien or non native to area -8- ) Vascular r'lants of Fort Ross State Historic Park August 16, 2000 Family Botanical Name Common Name Plant Habitat Listed/ Community Comments Ranunculaceae/Buttercup • Ranunculus muricatus Prickle-fruited Buttercup OS wp,mp A + Ranunculus repens Creeping Buttercup ds,wp,mp A Rhamnaceae/Buckthom Ceanothus griseus Carmel Ceanothus BS,OS,CF Ceanothus velutinus var. hookeri Tobacco Brush OS,CF Rhamnus califomica ssp. califomica California Coffeeberry OS,CF,MW mh,sg,rp Rhamnus purshiana Cascara OS,CF mp /Rose dioicus var.pubescens Goat's Beard RV,CF mp • Cotoneaster pannosa Cotoneaster ds,rs A,U Fragaria chiloensis Beach Strawberry CS,CG Fragaria vesca ssp. vesca Wood Strawberry CS,CF,MW sp Heteromeles arbutifolia Toyon, Christmas Berry MW sl,dp Holodiscus discolor Oceanspray OS,RV,CF rs,sl,mp,rp Horkelia califomica ssp. californica California Horkelia OS op,mp • Malus sy/vestris Apple ds A Oemleria cerasiformis Oso Berry CF mp Potentilla anserina ssp. pacifica Pacific Silver-leaf OS op,wp Potentilla glandulosa ssp. glandulosa Sticky Cinquefoil OS mh,sl • Prunus cerasifera Cherry Plum, Myrobalan ds A Prunus emarginata Bitter Cherry OS,CF mh,sl u • Pyrus communis Common Pear ds A Rosa californica California Rose CF,MW mp,rs • Rosa eglanteria Sweet-brier, Eglantine CF ds,dp A Rosa gymnocarpa Wood Rose OS,CF,MW sp Rosa nutkana var. nutkana Nootka Rose CG mp u • Rubus discolor Himalayan Blackberry CS,CF ds,rs A Rubus leucodermis Blackcap Raspberry CF,MW mp,rp Rubus parviflorus var. parviflorus Thimbleberry CF mp,sp Rubus ursinus California Blackberry mh,mp Rubiaceae/Madder Galium aparine Goose Grass CG,HG sp Galium californicum ssp. californicum California Bedstraw, Cleavers MW op,sp Galium porrigens var. porrigens Climbing Bedstraw OS,MW sl • Sherardia arvensis Field Madder op A Salicaceae/Willow Salix hookeriana Coastal Willow RV Salix lasiolepis var. bigelovii Arroyo Willow OS,RV wp Salix Iucida ssp. lasiandra Shining Willow RV wp Salix sessilifolia Sandbar Willow RV Salix sitchensis Sitka Willow RV wp /Saxifrage Heuchera micrantha Small-flowered Alumroot CF,MW rp,sl,mp Heuchera pilosissima Coast Alumroot CF sl,mp,rc uthophragma affine Woodland Star CF op,sl,mp + =Alien or non native to area -9- \ Vascular l"'lants of Fort Ross State Historic Park August 16, 2000 Family Botanical Name Common Name Plant Habitat listed/ Community Comments Saxifragaceae/Saxifrage Tellima grandiflora Fringe Cups CF,RV rp,mp,sp,sl trifoliata var. unifoliata Sugar-Scoop, lace Flower CF mp,sp u Scrophulariaceae/Figwort Castilleja ambigua ssp. ambigua Johnny-nip BS,CG mp Castilleja wightii Wtghfs Indian Paintbrush BS,DS rc,sl • Digitalis purpurea Foxglove CF,MW ds A,T Mimulus auriantiacus Sticky Monkeyflower DS,CF,MW ds,rs,rp,op Mimulus guttatus Seep-spring Monkey Flower DS,CG wp • Parentucellia viscosa Yellow Parentucellia CG mp,op,rs A Scrophularia califomica Plant, California Figwort OS mh,rs,mp Triphysaria eriantha ssp. rosea Johnny-tuck CG op + Verbascum thapsus Wooly Mullein HG ds A americana American Brooklime wp,mp + Veronica anagallis-aquatica Water Speedwell wp A /Nightshade americanum Small-flowered Nightshade OS ds,op,mp Solanum douglasii Douglas Nightshade OS dp T + Black Nightshade OS ds,op A Urticaceae/Nettle Urtica dioica ssp. gracilis American Stinging Nettle RV,CF mp,ds ValerianaceaeNalerian Plectritis macrocera Rotund Macrocera HG sp,sl,mp,rs ViolaceaeNiolet Viola adunca Western Dog Violet CG,HG op Viola glabella Stream Violet RV,CF wp Viola ocellata Western Heart's Ease MW rp,op,serp Viola sempervirens Evergreen or Redwood Violet CF,MW sp Monocots: Araceae/Arum + Zantedeschia aethiopica Calla lily ds A,T Cyperaceae/Sedge Garex dewyana ssp. leptopoda Short-scaled Sedge, Dewey's Sedge sp,mp Carex gynodynama X C.hendersonii Sedge CG mp Carex luzulina Woodrush Sedge CG wp Carex obnupta Slough Sedge CF,MW wp,mp,sp Cyperus eragrostis Umbrella Sedge, Grass rs,wp,mp,mh Scirpus microcarpus Panicled Bulrush wp lridaceaellris Iris douglasiana Douglas Iris CG,HG mh,op I + Iris germanica Bearded Iris, German Iris HG ds,op A Sisyrinchium bellum Blue-eyed Grass CG,HG op,mp Sisyrinchium califomicum Yellow-eyed Grass CG,HG wp,mp Juncaceae/Rush Juncus bolanderi Bolander's Rush CG ds,op,mp Juncus bufonius var. bufonius Toad Rush CG ds,op,mp + Juncus capitatus Rush mp,sl A Juncus effusus var. brunneus Bog Rush wp I Juncus effusus var. padficus Pacific Bog Rush RV wp,mp,mh Juncus falcatus var. falcatus Sickle-leaved Rush mp,sg • =Alien or non native to area - 10- Vascular l"'lants of Fort Ross State Historic Park August 16, 2000 Family Botanical Name Common Name Plant Habitat Listed/ Community Comments Juncaceae/Rush Juncus patens Spreading or Common Rush RV wp Juncus pha/ocephalus var. phalocephalus Brown-headed Rush CG,DS wp Lemnaceae/Duckweed Lemnaminor Duckweed wp /Lily Allium dichlamydeum Coast Onion BS,CG rp • Amaryllis belladonna Naked Lady BS ds A Brodiaea coronaria ssp. coronaria Harvest Brodiaea DS,CG,HG dp,sl Brodiaea etegans Elegant Brodiaea CG,HG op Brodiaea terrestris ssp. terrestris Earth Brodiaea, Dwarf Brodiaea CG,HG op tolmiei Pussy Ears, Hairy Star-tulip CG,HG Calochortus uniflorus Large-flowered Star-tulip CG mp u Liliaceae/Lily Chlorogalum pomeridianum Wavy Leaf Soap Plant HG rs,dp andrewsiana Clintonia CF sp,mp Dichelostemma capitatum ssp. capitatum Blue Dicks HG,MW rp,sl,dp Dichelostemma congestum Forked Ookow HG,MW sl,op,dp Disporum hookeri Hooker's Fairy Bell CF,RV sp,mp Disporum smithii Smith's Fairy Bell CF,RV sp Fritillaria affinis (=F. lanceolata) Checker Lily MW op bigelovii Slink Pod, Fetid Adder's Tongue CF,MW mp,sp Smilacina racemosa Branched or False Solomon's Seal DS,CF mp,sp Smilacina stellata Slender or Star Solomon's Seal DS,CF mp,sl,op Trillium ovatum White or Western Trillium CF,RV mp,sp Trite/eia hyacinthina White Brodiaea HG wp Triteleia taxa lthuriel's Spear CG,CF,MW mh Zigadenus fremontii Star Lily or Fremont's Camas CG,CF op,sl,rp T Orchidaceae/Orchid Calpyso bulbosa Calypso Orchid CC,CF,MW mp,sp Cora/lorhiza maculata Spotted Coralroot CF sp Corallorhiza striata Striped Coralroot CF sp,op Goodyera oblongifolia Rattlesnake Plantain CF,MW dp Spiranthes romanzoffiana Hooded Ladies Tresses CG,HG,MW wp,op (Gramineae )/Grass Agrostis blasda/ei Blasdale's Bent Grass CS,DS sg C,F • Agrostis capillaris Colonial Bent CG ds,rs A • Aira caryophylla Silver European Hairgrass CG,HG ds,op,sg A • Ammophila arenaria European Beachgrass cs A + Anthoxanthum odoratum Sweet Vernal Grass CG,HG ds A • Avena barbata Slender Wild Oat CG,HG ds,rs A • Avena fatua Wild Oat CG,HG ds,rs A • Avena sativa Cultivated Oat CG ds,rs A • Briza maxima Quaking Grass, Big Rattlesnake Grass CG,HG ds,rs A • Briza minor Quaking Grass, Little Rattlesnake Grass CG,HG ds A

• = Alien or non native to area - 11 - Vascular ~lants of Fort Ross State Historic Park August 16, 2000 Family Botanical Name Common Name Plant Habitat Listed/ Community Comments Poaceae( Gramineae)/Grass • Bromus diandrus Ripgut Grass CG,CF,HG ds A • Bromus hordaceus Cheat Grass, Soft Chess CG,HG ds A • Bromus madritensis Foxtail Grass HG ds A Calamagrostis nutkaensis Pacific Reed Grass DS,CG,HG mh,op,wp • Cortadera jubata Pampas Grass CF ds A, I • Cynosurus echinatus Hedgehog Oogtail CG,HG ds A • Dactylis glomerata Orchard Grass CG,HG ds,mp A Danthonia califomica California Oatgrass BS,CG,HG mp • Danthonia pilosa Hairy Oatgrass HG ssp. holciformus Pacific Hairgrass CG wp Elymus glaucus Blue Wildrye DS,CF,MW Elymus trachycaulus ssp. subsecundus Slender Wheatgrass CG mp,dp,rp • Festuca arundinaceae Tall Fescue CG,HG ds,rs A Festuca idahoensis Fescue, Blue Bunchgrass DS,CG,HG op,dp,sp Festuca rubra Red Fescue BS,OS,CC,CF mp,wp • Gastridium ventricosum Nit Grass HG ds,dp,sl A Glyceria sp. Mannagrass wp Hierocholoe occidentalis Sweet Grass, Vanilla Grass CF,MW mp,dp • lanatus Velvet Grass CG rc,ds,mp A, I • Hordeum marinum ssp. gussoneanum Mediterranean Barley CG ds A • Lagurus ovatus Hare's Tail BS,CG ds,sg A Leymus triticoides Alkalai Rye Grass CG,HG mp,op • Lolium perenne Perennial Ryegrass DS,CG,HG mh,ds A Nasella pulchra Purple Needlegrass DS,CG,HG Panicum acuminatum Panicgrass HG mp,wp,rc • Paspalum dilatatum Dallis Grass HG mp,rs,ds A • Phalaris aquatica Harding Grass HG wp,ds,rs A • Poa annua Annual Bluegrass CG,DS mh,ds A Poa unilateralis Ocean-bluff Bluegrass CS,BS rp • Polypogon australis Chilean Beard Grass BS wp A • Polypogon inte"uptus Ditch Beard Grass CG,HG wp,sg,rs A • Sorghum bicolor Sorghum, Milo, Sudan Grass HG ds A • Taeniatherum caput-medusae Medusa Head HG A,N • Vulpia bromoides Six-weeks Fescue CG,OS mp A Potamogetonaceae/Pondweed Potamogeton natans Floating-leaved Pondweed wp Typhaceae/Cat-tail • Typha latifolium Broad-leafed Cattail, Soft Flag CG wp,op A

• = Alien or non native to area - 12- I Vascular Plants of Fort Ross State Historic Park August 16, 2000 This list of 455 Vascular Plants of Fort Ross is a Plant Communities project of the Dorothy King Young Chapter, California Native Plant Society. Data was gathered Summer of 1991 to Fall of 1999. Dorothy Scherer, Chairperson Please direct any questions or comments about this list to: Bob Rutemoeller, Data entry and spelling errors. Dorothy Scherer Voucher specimens collected 1996-1998 P0Box737 Placed in College of the Redwoods Herbarium, Fort Bragg, CA: 112 specimens. Point Arena, CA 95468 Donated to the California Academy of Sciences, San Francisco, CA: 98 specimens. (707) 882-2850

Fort Ross Key:

Plant Communities: Habitats:

CS = Coastal Strand- Vegetation of sand and gravel beaches ds = disturbed site scattered along the coast, including Sea Rocket, Beach Morning mh = many habitats Glory, and European Beach Grass. op = open places rc = road cuts BS = Bluff Scrub- Low-growing plants, mat-like or scattered, on rs = road sides rocky soil and bluffs and exposed to nearly constant, salty winds. wp = wet places Includes Seaside Daisy and Coast Buckwheat. serp = Serpentine sl =slopes OS= Dune Scrub- Taller, mostly evergreen scrub including Coyote rp = rocky places Brush and Cow Parsnip on less windy, uplifted dune terraces. sp = shady places sg = sandy/gravelly places CG = Coastal - Grassy headlands and terraces between pi= plants coast and forest. dp = dry places mp = moist places RV =Riparian Vegetation- Vegetation of streams and watercourses which may extend up to 30 feet on either side. Listed Plants: Rare, Threatened or Endangered C = California Native Plant Society Listing CC = Closed Cone Forest- Stands of Bishop Pine and windbreaks of S = State Listing Monterey Cypress on headlands and terraces. F =Federal Listing

CF = Coastal Forest- Coniferous and broad-leaved evergreen Comments: within the coastal fog belt. • or A = Alien or non native to area ? = Alien or Native status uncertain MW = Mixed Wooctlansl- Warmer and drier sites on higher elevations U=Uncommon where the CF gives way first to Tanbark/Madrone and then E =Formerly present but believed Extirpated from Oak/Buckeye. Fort Ross I= Invasive HG = Hill Grassland-Grassy hilts, slopes and canyons above the CF N = Noxious Weed and integrating with MW. T = Toxic, Poisonous

- 13- u

(.e- u)

1I Vascular Plants of Fort Ross State Historic Park August 16,2000 Family Botanical Name Common Name

£ems & Fern Allies: Lollaceae/Mosquito Fern Azolla filiculoides Mosquito Fern Blechnaceae/Deer Fern Blechnum spicant Deer Fern Woodwardia fimbriata Giant Chain Fern Dennstaedtiaceae/Bracken Fern Pferidium aquilinum var. pubescens Bracken, Brake ./Wood Fern Athyrium filix-femina var. cyclosorum Western Lady Fern Dryopteris arguta Coastal Wood Fern Dryopteris expansa Spreading Wood Fern Po/ystichum munitum Western Sword Fern Equisetaceae/Horsetail Equisetum arvense Common Horsetail Equisetum hyemale ssp. affine Common Scouring Rush Equisetum laevigatum Smooth Scouring Rush Equisetum telmateia ssp. braunii Giant Horsetail Polypodiaceae/Polypody Polypodium califomicum California Polypody Polypodium glycyrrhiza Licorice Fern Polypodium scouleri leather-leaf Fern Pteridaceae/Brake Adiantum aleuticum Five-finger Fern Adiantum jordanii California Maidenhair Pentagramma triangularis Goldback Fern Conifers: Cupressaceae/Cypress + Cupressus macrocarpa Monterey Cypress Pinaceae/Pine Abies grandis Grand Fir Pinus lambertiana Sugar Pine Pinus muricata Bishop Pine Pseudotsuga menziesii var. menziesii Douglas-fir Tsuga heterophylla Western Hemlock Taxaceae/Yew Torreya californica California Nutmeg Taxodiaceae/Bald Cypress Sequoia sempervirens Coast Redwood

Angiospenns/Dicots: Aceraceae/Maple Acer macrophyllum Big-leaf Maple Aizoaceae/ Fig-marigold or Carpet-weed + Carpobrotus chilensis Sea Fig + Carpobrotus edulis Hottentot Fig + Tetragonia tetragonioides New Zealand Spinach Anacardiaceae/Sumac or Toxicodendron diversilobum Western Poison Oak Cashew Apiaceae(Umbelliferae)/Carrot Angelica hendersonii Angelica + Anthriscus caucalis Bur-chervil + Conium maculatum Poison Hemlock + Daucus carota Carrot, Queen Anne's lace Daucus pusillus Rattlesnake Weed Eryngium armatum Coyote Thistle, Coast Eryngo + Foeniculum vulgare Fennel Heracleum lanatum Cow-parsnip Lomatlum utriculatum Foothilllomatium Oenanthe sarmentosa Water Parsley Osmorhiza chilensis Sweet Cicely Osmorhiza occidentalis Sweet Root Sanicula arctopoides Footsteps of Spring, Yellow Mats Sanicula bipinnata Purple Sanicle Sanicula crassicaulis Yellow Sanicle, Gamble Weed Vascular Plants of Fort Ross State Historic Park August16,2000 Family Botanical Name Common Name Apiaceae(Umbelliferae )/Carrot + Scandix pecten-veneris Venus' Needle + Tori/is arvensis Hedge-parsley >ocynaceaenlogbane + Vinca major Greater Periwinkle Araliaceae/Ginseng Aralia californica Elk Clover, Spikenard + Hedera helix English Ivy Aristolochiaceae/Pipevine Aristolochia californica Dutchman's Pipe, Birthwort Asarum caudatum Wild-ginger Asteraceae(Compositae )/ Sunflower Achillea millefolium Coastal Yarrow Adenocaulon bicolor Trail Plant, White Man's Footsteps Agoseris apargioides var. eastwoodiae Beach Dandelion Agoseris grandiflora Large-flowered Agoseris, California Dandelion Ambrosia chamissonis Beach-bur, Silver Beachweed Anaphalis margaritacea Pearly Everlasting Artemisia doug/asians Mugwort Aster chllensis Common Aster Baccharis pilularis Coyote Brush + Bellis perennis English Daisy Blennosperma nanum var. nanum Common Blennosperma + Carduus acanthoides Plumeless thistle + Carduus pycnocephalus Italian Thistle + Carduus tenuiflorus Slender-flowered Thistle + Chamomilla suaveolens Pineapple Weed + Cichorium intybus Chicory Cirsium quercetorum Brownie Thistle + Cirsium vulgare Bull Thistle + Cotula coronopifolia Brass-buttons + Erechtites glomerata Coast Fireweed + Erechtites minima Australian Fireweed Erigeron glaucus Seaside Daisy Eriophyllum lanatum var. arachnoideum Woolly Sunflower Eriophyllum staechadifolium Lizard-tail, Seaside Woolly Sunflower Gnaphalium californicum Pearly Everlasting Gnaphalium purpureum Purple Cudweed Gnaphalium stramineum Cotton Batting Plant + Hedypnois cretica Crete Weed Helenium puberulum Sneezeweed Hemizonia corymbosa ssp. corymbosa Coast Tarweed Hesperevax sparsiflora ssp. brevifolia Short-leaved Evax Hieracium albiflorum White-flowered Hawkweed + Hypochaeris glabra Smooth Cat's-ear + Hypochaeris raclicata Rough Cat's-ear Lasthenia californica Goldfields Lasthenia macrantha ssp. macrantha Perennial Goldfields Layia platyglossa Tidy-tips + Leontodon taraxacoides Hawkbit + Leucanthemum vulgare Ox-eye Daisy Madia elegans ssp. vernalis Common Madia, Common Tarweed Madia madioides Woodland Madia, Tarweed Petasites frigidus var. palmatus Coltsfoot + Picris echioides Bristly Ox-tongue Psilocarphus brevissimus Dwarf Wooly-heads + Senecio mikanioides German-Ivy, Cape-Ivy + Senecio vulgaris Common Groundsel + Silybum marianum Milk Thistle Solidago spathulata ssp. spathulata Coast Goldenrod Vascular Plants of Fort Ross State Historic Park August 16, 2000 Family Botanical Name Common Name Asteraceae(Compositae )/ J)unflower • Sonchus asper Prickly Sow Thistle • Sonchus oleraceus Common Sow Thistle • Tragopogon porrifolius Salsify, Oyster Plant Wyethia angustifolia Narrow-leaved Mule Ears Berberis nervosa Longleaf Mahonia Vancouveria planipetala Redwood Ivy, Inside-out Flower Betulaceae/Birch Alnus rubra Red Alder Gory/us cornuta var. californica Hazelnut Boraginaceae/Borage Cynoglossum grande Hound's Tongue • Myosotis discolor Blue Scorpion Grass • Myosotis latifolia Forget-me-not Plagiobothrys nothofulvus Rusty Popcorn Flower Brassicaceae(Cruciferae )I Mustard Barbarea ort.hoceras American Winter Cress • Brassica nigra Black Mustard • Cakile maritima Sea Rocket Cardamine californica var. integrifolia Milk Maids, Toothwort Cardamine californica var. sinuata Milk Maids, Toothwort Cardamine oligosperma Western Bitter-cress • Hirschfeldia incana Summer Mustard • Raphanus raphanistrum Jointed Charlock • Raphanus sativus Wild Radish • Rorippa nasturtium-aquaticum Water Cress • Sinapis arvensis Charlock • Sisymbrium officinale Hedge Mustard Caprifoliaceae/Honeysuckle Lonicera hispidula var. vacillans California Honeysuckle Lonicera involucrata var. ledebourii Twin Berry Sambucus racemosa var. racemosa Red Elderberry Symphoricarpos a/bus var. laevigatus Snowberry Caryophyllaceae/Pink Cerastium arvense Field Chickweed • Cerastium glomeratum Mouse-ear Chickweed Minuartia douglasii Sandwort • Petrorhagia nanteuilii Wild Carnation • Po/ycarpon tetraphyl/um Four-leaved Allseed Sagina maxima ssp. crassicaulis Big Pearlwort • Silene gallica Windmill Pink • Spergula arvensis ssp. arvensis Com Spurrey, Stickwort, Starwort • Spergularia rubra Red Sand-spurrey Stet/aria borealis ssp. sitchana Chickweed • Stellaria media Common Chickweed Convolvulaceae/Morning Glory Calystegia purpurata ssp. purpurata Western Morning Glory Calystegia purpurata ssp. saxicola Western Morning Glory Calystegia so/danella Beach Morning Glory Dichondra donelliana Dichondra Cornaceae/Dogwood Comus sericea ssp. occidentalis American Dogwood Crassulaceae/Stonecrop Dudleya farinosa Bluff lettuce, live Forever Sedumlaxum Stonecrop Cucurbitaceae/Gourd Marah fabaceus California Man-root, Wild Cucumber Marah oreganus Coast Man-root, Wild Cucumber Dipsacaceaerreasel • Dipsacus sativus Fuller's Teasel - .. icaceae/Heath Arbutus menziesii Pacific Madrone Arctostaphylos columbiana Hairy Manzanita Gaultheria shallon Salal Ledum glandulosum Western labrador Tea Rhododendron occidentale Western Azalea Vascular Plants of Fort Ross State Historic Park August 16, 2000 Family Botanical Name Common Name Ericaceae/Heath Vaccinium ovatum California Huckleberry Vaccinium parvifolium Red Huckleberry !phorbiaceae/Spurge Eremocarpus setigerus Dove Weed, Turkey Mullein • Euphorbia /athyris Gopher Plant, Caper Spurge Fabaceae(Leguminosae )/ Legume • Lathyrus latifolius Perennial Sweet Pea Lathyrus palustris Marsh Pea Lathyrus vestitus var. vestitus Pacific Pea + Lotus angustissimus Birdsfoot Trefoil • Lotus comiculatus Birdsfoot Trefoil Lotus formosissimus Coast Lotus, Witch's Teeth Lotus junceus var. biolettii Rush Lotus Lotus micranthus Hill Lotus Lotus purshianus var. purshianus Spanish Clover • Lotus tenuis Birdsfoot Trefoil Lotus wrangelianus California Lotus var. arboreus Yellow Bush Lupine Lupinus chamissonis Chamosso's Bush Lupine Lupinus latifolius var. dudleyi Broadleaf Lupine Lupinus rivu/aris Lupinus variicolor Lindley's Varied Lupine • Medicago arabica Spotted Burclover + Medicago polymorpha California Burclover • Melilotus indicus Sourclover • Melilotus officina/is Yellow Sweetclover ThermopsismacnophyUa Golden Pea, False-lupine Trifolium barbigerum Bearded Clover Trifolium depauperatum var. Dwarf Sack Clover, Balloon Clover depauperatum • Trifolium dubium Shamrock, Little Hop Clover Trifolium fucatum Bull Clover Trifolium gracilentum var. gracilentum Pinpoint Clover • Trifolium hirtum Rose Clover TrifOlium longipes Long-stalked Clover Trifolium macraei Twinhead Clover, Chile Clover + Trifolium subterraneum Subterranean Clover Trifolium wil/denovii Tomcat Clover Trifolium wormskioldii Cow Clover Vicia americana var. americana American Vetch • Vicia benghalensis Purple Vetch • Vicia cracca Cow Vetch, Blue Vetch, Bird Vetch Vicia gigantea Giant Vetch Vicia hassei Hasse Vetch • Vicia hirsuta Hairy Vetch • Vicia sativa ssp. nigra Common Vetch, Narrow-leaved Vetch • Vicia sativa ssp. sativa Common Vetch, Spring Vetch • Vicia villosa Hairy Vetch, Winter Vetch Fagaceae/Oak Chrysolepis. chrysophylla var. Giant Chinquapin chrysophylla Uthocarpus densiflorus var. densiflorus Tan Oak, Tanbark Oak Quercus x chaseii = (Q.agrifo/ia x Hybrid Oak Q.kelloggii) Quercus chrysolepis Canyon Live Oak, Maul Oak Quercus x eplingii =(Q.douglasii x Hybrid Oak Q.durata) Quercus garryana var. garryana Garry Oak, Oregon Oak Vascular Plants of Fort Ross State Historic Park August 16, 2000 Family Botanical Name Common Name Fagaceae/Oak Quercus kellogg;; Kellogg Oak, California Black Oak Quercus lobata Valley Oak Quercus wislizeni var. wislizeni Interior Live Oak ljarryaceae/Silk Tassel Garrya el/iptica Coast Silk-tassel Tree Gentianaceae/Gentian Centaurium davyi Centaury Cicendia quadrangularis Timwort Geraniaceae/Geranium • Erodium botrys Broad-leaf Filaree • Erodium cicutarium Red-stemmed Filaree • Erodium moschatum White-stemmed Filaree Geranium bicknellii Bicknell's Cranesbill Geranium carolinianum Carolina Geranium • Geranium dissectum Cut-leaved Geranium • Geranium motte Cranesbill, Dove's-foot Geranium • Geranium potentilloides Cinquefoil Geranium • Geranium retrorsum New Zealand Geranium • Pelargonium vitifolium Garden Geranium Grossulariaceae/Gooseberry Ribes californicum Hillside Gooseberry Ribes divaricatum var. pubiflorum Straggly Gooseberry Ribes menziesii Canyon Gooseberry Ribes sanguineum var. glutinosum Pink Flowering Currant Hippocastanaceae/Buckeye Aesculus californica California Buckeye HydrophyllaceaeJWaterleaf Nemophila parviflora Woodland or Small-flowered Nemophila Phacelia bolanderi Bolander's Phacelia Phacelia californica California Phacelia Phacelia distans Wild-heliotrope Phacelia imbricata ssp. imbricata Imbricate Phacelia Phacelia ramosissima Branching Phacelia tmiaceae(Labiatae )/Mint • Mentha pulegium Pennyroyal Monardella purpurea Siskiyou monardella Monardella villosa ssp. franciscana Coyote Mint Monardella villosa ssp. villosa Coyote Mint Prunella vulgaris var. lanceolata Self-heal Prunella vulgaris var. vulgaris Self--heal Satureja douglasii Verba Buena Stachys ajugoides var. rigida Bugle Hedge Nettle Stachys chamissonis Coast or Swamp Hedge Nettle Lauraceae/Laurel Umbelfularia californica California Bay, California Laurel or Pepperwood Limnanthaceae/Meadowfoam Umnanthes douglasii ssp. douglasii Common Meadowfoam, Douglas's Meadowfoam Linaceae/Fiax • Unum bienne Narrow-leaved flax • Unum trigynum European Flax Lythraceae/Loosestrife • Lythrum hyssopifolium Hyssop Loosestrife Malvaceae/Mallow • Malva neglects Common Mallow, Cheeses Sidalcea diploscypha Fringed Sidalcea Sidalcea malviflora ssp. malviflora Cheese Mallow, Common Checkerbloom Sidalcea malviflora ssp. purpurea Checker Mallow, Purple Checkerbloom Myricaceae/Wax Myrtle Myrica californica California Wax Myrtle Myrtaceae/Myrtle • Eucalyptus globulus Blue Gum Onagraceae/Evening Primrose Camissonia ovata Sun Cup Clarkia davyi Davy's Godetia Clarkia purpurea ssp. quadrivulnera Winecup Clarkia Clarkia purpurea ssp. viminea Winecup Clarkia Epilobium ci/iatum ssp. ciliatum Northern Willow Herb Epilobium ciliatum ssp. watsonii Western Willow Herb Epilobium densiflorum Denseflower Willow Herb Epilobium halleanum Hall Willow Herb Vascular Plants of Fort Ross State Historic Park August 16, 2000 Family Botanical Name Common Name Onagraceae/Evening Primrose+ Fuschia arborescens Fuschia Qxalidaceae/Oxalis Oxalis albicans ssp. pilosa Hairy Wood Sorrel Oxalis oregana Redwood Sorrel + Oxalis pes-caprae Bermuda Buttercup Papaveraceae/Poppy Eschscholzia ca/ifomica California Poppy Papaveraceae/Poppy Platystemon califomicus Cream Cups Philadelphaceae/Mock Orange Whipplea modesta Modesty, Verba de Selva Pittosporaceae/Pittosporum • Pittosporum undulatum Victorian Box, Mock Orange Plantaginaceae/Piantain • Plantago coronopus Cutleaf Plantain Plantago elongata Linearleaf Plantain Plantago erecta Dwarf Plantain • Plantago lanceolata English Plantain • Plantago major Common Plantain, Broad-leaved Plantain Plantago maritima Pacific Seaside Plantain, Goose Tongue Plantago subnuda Coast Plantain Plumbaginaceae/Leadwort Armeria maritima ssp. califomica Thrift, Sea-Pink Polemoniaceae/Phlox Collomia heterophylla Varied-leaved Collomia Unanthus bicolor Baby Stars Navarretia squarrosa Skunkweed Polygalaceae/Milkwort Polygala callfomica Milkwort Polygonaceae/Buckwheat Sonoma Spineflower • Eriogonum fasciculatum var. foliosum California Buckwheat Eriogonum latifolium Coast Buckwheat Eriogonum nudum var. auriculatum Nude Buckwheat • Rumex acetosella Sheep Sorrel • Rumex cong/omeratus Green Dock • Rumex crispus Curley Dock Rumex occidentalis Western Dock Rumex salicifolius var. crassus Willow Dock Rumex salicifolius var. salicifolius Willow Dock Portulacaceae/Purslane Calandrinia ciliata Red Maids Miner's Lettuce Claytonia sibirica Candy Flower Primutaceae/Primrose + Anagallis arvensis Scarlet Pimpernel Dodecatheon hendersonii Shooting Star Trientalis latifolia Starflower Ranunculaceae/Buttercup Aquilegia formosa Columbine Delphinium nudicaule Red Larkspur • Ranunculus arvensis Field Buttercup, Hunger Weed Ranunculus califomicus California Buttercup • Ranunculus muricatus Prickle-fruited Buttercup • Ranunculus repens Creeping Buttercup Rhamnaceae/Buckthorn Ceanothus griseus Carmel Ceanothus Ceanothus velutinus var. hookeri Tobacco Brush Rhamnus califomica ssp. californica California Coffeeberry Rhamnus purshiana Cascara Rosaceae/Rose Aruncus dioicus var.pubescens Goat's Beard • Cotoneaster pannosa Cotoneaster Fragaria chiloensis Beach Strawberry Fragaria vesca ssp. vesca Wood Strawberry Heteromeles arbutifolia Toyon, Christmas Berry Holodiscus discolor Oceanspray Horkelia califomica ssp. callfomica California Horkelia • Malus sylvestris Apple Oemleria cerasiformis Oso Berry Potentilla anserina sso. oacifica Pacific Silver-leaf Vascular Plants of Fort Ross State Historic Park August16,2000 Family Botanical Name Common Name Rosaceae/Rose Potentilla glandulosa ssp. glandulosa Sticky Cinquefoil • Prunus cerasifera Cherry Plum, Myrobalan Prunus emarginata Bitter Cherry • Pyrus communis Common Pear Rosa califomiea California Rose • Rosa eglanteria Sweet-brier, Eglantine Rosa gymnocarpa Wood Rose Rosa nutkana var. nutkana Nootka Rose • Rubus discolor Himalayan Blackberry Rubus leucodermis Blackcap Raspberry Rubus parviflorus var. parviflorus Thimbleberry Rubus ursinus California Blackberry Rubiaceae/Madder Galium aparine Goose Grass Galium califomicum ssp. califomicum California Bedstraw, Cleavers Galium porrigens var. porrigens Climbing Bedstraw • Sherardia arvensis Field Madder Salicaceae/Willow Salix hookeriana Coastal Willow Sslix lasiolepis var. bigelovii Arroyo Willow Salix Iucida ssp. lasiandra Shining Willow Salix sessilifolia Sandbar Willow Salix sitchensis Sitka Willow Saxifragaceae/Saxifrage Heuchera micrantha Small-flowered Alumroot Heuchera pilosissima Coast Alumroot Uthophragma affine Woodland Star Tellima grandiflora Fringe Cups Tiarella trifoliata var. unifoliata Sugar-Scoop, Lace Flower ~Scrophulariaceae/Figwort Castilleja ambigua ssp. ambigua Johnny-nip Castilleja wightii Wight's Indian Paintbrush • Digitalis purpurea Foxglove Mimulus auriantiacus Sticky Monkeyflower Mimulus guttatus Seep-spring Monkey Flower • Parentucellia viscosa Yellow Parentucellia Scrophularia califomica Bee Plant, California Figwort Triphysaria eriantha ssp. roses Johnny-tuck • Verbascum thapsus Wooly Mullein Veronica americana American Brooklime • Veronica anagal/is-aquatica Water Speedwell SolanaceaeiNightshade Solanum americanum Small-flowered Nightshade Solanum douglasii Douglas Nightshade • Solanum nigrum Black Nightshade Urticaceae/Nettle Urtica dioica ssp. gracilis American Stinging Nettle Valerianaceae/Valerian Plectritis macrocera Rotund Macrocera Violaceae/Violet Viola adunca Western Dog Violet Viola glabella Stream Violet Viola ocellata Western Heart's Ease Viola sempervirens Evergreen or Redwood Violet Monocots: Araceae/Arum • Zantedeschia aethiopica Calla Lily Cyperaceae/Sedge Carex dewyana ssp. leptopoda Short-scaled Sedge, Dewey's Sedge Carex gynodynama X C.hendersonii Sedge Carex luzulina Woodrush Sedge Carex obnupta Slough Sedge Cyperus eragrostis Umbrella Sedge, Nut Grass Scirpus microcarpus Panicled Bulrush lridaceae/lris Iris douglasiana Douglas Iris Vascular Plants of Fort Ross State Historic Park August 16, 2000 Family Botanical Name Common Name lridaceae/lris • Iris germanica Bearded Iris, German Iris Sisyrinchium bellum Blue-eyed Grass Sisyrinchium californicum Yellow-eyed Grass Juncaceae/Rush Juncus bolanderi Bolander's Rush Juncus bufonius var. bufonius Toad Rush • Juncus capitatus Rush Juncus effusus var. brunneus Bog Rush Juncus effusus var. pacificus Pacific Bog Rush Juncus falcatus var. falcatus Sickle-leaved Rush Juncus patens Spreading or Common Rush Juncus phalocephalus var. phalocephalus Brown-headed Rush Lemnaceae/Duckweed Lemna minor Duckweed Uliaceae/Lily Allium dichlamydeum Coast Onion • Amaryllis belladonna Naked Lady Brodiaea coronaria ssp. coronaria Harvest Brodiaea Brodiaea elegans Elegant Brodiaea Brodiaea terrestris ssp. terrestris Earth Brodiaea, Dwarf Brodiaea Calochortus tolmiei Pussy Ears, Hairy Star-tulip Calochortus uniflorus Large-flowered Star-tulip Ch/orogalum pomeridianum Wavy Leaf Soap Plant Clintonia andrewsiana Clintonia Dichelostemma capitatum ssp. capitatum Blue Dicks Dichelostemma congestum Forked Ookow Disporum hookeri Hooker's Fairy Bell Disporum smithii Smith's Fairy Bell Fritillaria affinis (=F. Janceolata) Checker Lily Scoliopus bigelovii Slink Pod, Fetid Adder's Tongue Smilacina racemosa Branched or False Solomon's Seal Smilacina stellata Slender or Star Solomon's Seal Trillium ovatum White or Western Trillium Triteleia hyacinthina White Brodiaea Triteleia laxa lthuriel's Spear Zigadenus fremontii Star Lily or Fremont's Camas Orchidaceae/Orchid Ca/pyso bulbosa Calypso Orchid Corallorhiza maculata Spotted Coralroot Corallorhiza striata Striped Coralroot Goodyera oblongifolia Rattlesnake Plantain Spiranthes romanzoffiana Hooded Ladies Tresses Poaceae(Gramineae )/Grass Agrostis blasdalei Blasdale's Bent Grass • Agrostis capillaris Colonial Bent • Aira caryophylla Silver European Hairgrass • Ammophila arenaria European Beachgrass • Anthoxanthum odoratum Sweet Vernal Grass • Avena barbata Slender Wild Oat • Avena fatua Wild Oat • Avena sativa Cultivated Oat + Briza maxima Quaking Grass, Big Rattlesnake Grass • Briza minor Quaking Grass, Little Rattlesnake Grass • Bromus diandrus Ripgut Grass + Bromus hordaceus Cheat Grass, Soft Chess • Bromus madritensis Foxtail Grass Calamagrostis nutkaensis Pacific Reed Grass • Cortadera jubata Pampas Grass • Cynosurus echinatus Hedgehog Dogtail + Dactylis glomerata Orchard Grass Vascular Plants of Fort Ross State Historic Park August 16, 2000 Family Botanical Name Common Name Poaceae(Gramineae )/Grass Danthonia californica California Oatgrass • Danthonia pilosa Hairy Oatgrass Deschampsia cespitosa ssp. holciformus Pacific Hairgrass Elymus glaucus BlueWildrye Elymus trachycaulus ssp. subsecundus Slender Wheatgrass • Festuca arundinaceae Tall Fescue Festuca idahoensis Idaho Fescue, Blue Bunchgrass Festuca rubra Red Fescue • Gastridium ventricosum Nit Grass Glyceria sp. Mannagrass Hierocholoe occidentalis Sweet Grass,· Vanilla Grass • Velvet Grass • Hordeum marinum ssp. gussoneanum Mediterranean Barley • Lagurus ovatus Hare's Tail Leymus triticoides Alkalai Rye Grass • Lolium perenne Perennial Ryegrass Nasella pulchra Purple Needlegrass Panicum acuminatum Panicgrass • Paspalum dilatatum Dallis Grass • Phalaris aquatica Harding Grass • Poaannua Annual Bluegrass Poa uni/ateralis Ocean-bluff Bluegrass • Polypogon australis Chilean Beard Grass • Polypogon interruptus Ditch Beard Grass • Sorghum bicolor Sorghum, Milo, Sudan Grass • Taeniatherum caput-medusae Medusa Head • Vu/pia bromoides Six-weeks Fescue otamogetonaceae/Pondweed Potamogeton natans Floating-leaved Pondweed Typhaceae/Cat-tail • Typha Jatifolium Broad-leafed Cattail, Soft Flag

This list of 455 Vascular Plants of Fort Ross is a Plant Communities project of the Dorothy King Young Chapter, California Native Plant Society.

Data was gathered Summer of 1991 to Fall of 1999. Dorothy Scherer, Chairperson Bob Rutemoeller, Data entry and spelling errors.

Voucher specimens collected 1996-1998 Placed in College of the Redwoods Herbarium, Fort Bragg, CA: 112 specimens. Donated to the California Academy of Sciences, San Francisco, CA: 98 specimen

Please direct any questions or comments about this list to:

Dorothy Scherer PO Box 737 Point Arena, CA 95488 (707) 882-2850