sign in sign up
<<
Home , Almudena Cathedral, Camino de Santiago, Monte Perdido, Pontevedra, Province of Valencia, Tapas

www.spaintrails.com

vitalez/shutterstock.com S.Borisov/shutterstock.com HIGHLIGHTS Dm_Cherry/shutterstock.com syolacan/shutterstock.com 1 2

1 2 Tomas1111/shutterstock.com Foxys Forest Manufacture/shutterstock.com Forest Foxys

3

3 leoks/shutterstock.com LUISMARTIN/shutterstock.com LucVi/shutterstock.com Borja Laria/shutterstock.com

5 4

1 - Flower Pots, Córdoba. 2 - Center View, . 3 - Tapas Tastings, . 1 - Flamenco Performance, . 4 - La Ribera Market, . 2 - Street Market, . 5 - Cristal Palace in Buen Retiro Park, . 3 - Almudena , Madrid. 4 - Dom Quixote Windmills, Consuegra. 4 5 - Las Fallas Fest, . 5

HIGHLIGHTS HIGHLIGHTS Migel/shutterstock.com Freeartist/iStockphoto.com roberaten/shutterstock.com Marisa Estivill/shutterstock.com

1

1 2

2 LucVi/shutterstock.com David Pereiras Villagrá/shutterstock.com David Pereiras Sean Pavone/shutterstock.com

3 4 3 LucVi/shutterstock.com Victor H/shutterstock.com Victor javarman/shutterstock.com

5

4 Anky/shutterstock.com

1 - Roman Ruins, Mérida. 2 - San Fermin Festival, . 3 - La Boqueria Market, Barcelona. 4 - Cityscape on the Tajo Gorge, Ronda. 5 - The Golden Tower Located at the 1 - Symbol of , . Margin of the Guadalquivir River, 2 - View with Cathedral, . Seville. 3 - Puerta de Alcala, Madrid. 6 - Mae West Room in Dali Theatre and 4 - Barrels in Bodega, . 6 Museum, Figueres. 5 - Ruined Tower, . 5

HIGHLIGHTS HIGHLIGHTS INTRODUCING SPAIN TOP 10 EXPERIENCES IN SPAIN

DISCOVERING THE ART OF SPANISH In Spain, is an art and the ingredients, the gastronomic specialities and the tasting rituals reflect the geographic diversity, climate and customs. The famous concept of tapas started in Seville, but spread throughout the country, so much so that it is part of Spain’s identity and a customary evening ritual in cities such as Madrid and Barcelona. The common habit of tapear is all about sharing little that bring out the best of local ingredients. Usually each establishment boasts its own specialty so it makes sense to go for a tour through different bars and . In the Basque country, especially in San Sebastián, tapas are called pintxos and make your mouth water for more, as you eye them up on the counters. Bergara Bar is one of the most famous pintxo bars. The city is already renowned for being one of the best cities in Spain for out, as all together it has 16 Michelin stars, the Arzak, Martin Berastegui and Akelare restaurants having three each. But besides this unique way of eating, the have typical specialities in the different regions. By the coast, on both the Atlantic and the Mediterranean, fish and shellfish are prominent, whilst inland, especially in the areas of mountains and valleys, where cattle is bred, you’ll find tasty sausages and dishes made with succulent oven-baked kid. Tomatoes were brought from the Americas by Spanish sailors and are the base for , a chilled soup that is very popular in . They also brought the delicious chocolate that is served with the , an after-hours delight not to be missed in Madrid. But it is the paella from Valencia that is the most distinctive dish, with its creamy rice of shellfish, meat, and red pepper, seasoned with saffron, one of the spices from the legacy of the , winning over the palate of anyone visiting

the region. funkyfrogstock/shutterstock.com

INTRODUCING SPAIN Bertl123/shutterstock.com Fotomicar/shutterstock.com

STEPPING BETWEEN HISTORIC AND CONTEMPORARY ARCHITECTURE LARGE CITIES WITH STRIKING FEATURES is simultaneously a reflection of the country’s history and proof of the charisma Madrid and Barcelona are the two biggest cities in Spain and vie for attention due to their unique of the local people. The Roman constructions, such as the theatre in Cartagena and the incredible environment, experiences and heritage. Apart from size, they have in common the fact that they are aqueduct in , are just as fascinating as the modern ones, like the Guggenheim in Bilbao and both young, cosmopolitan cities, where art is in the spotlight. Madrid, the Spanish capital, was the Ciudad de las Artes y Ciencias (City of Arts and Science) in Valencia, which were the drivers of just a small town between the kingdoms of Castile and , until its expansion began during the the makeovers of these cities. But in the middle, there’s an array of styles which help make Spain the 16th century. Barcelona on the other hand, due to its location by the sea, was famous as a fishing country with the third most buildings listed as UNESCO World Heritage sites. town and became the city it is today following a period of industrialisation, which in the 18th and There is an undeniable Moorish influence, more to the south of the country, giving it an exotic 19th centuries culminated in the demolition of the old city walls and the expansion of the city into feeling. The Arab domination of Spain, with the powerful Al-Andalus kingdom, left many majestic the L’Eixample area. buildings, such as the Mosque of Córdoba and the Alcázar of Seville, as well as a hybrid Mudejar And if we can see the multicultural aspect of Madrid in the neighbourhoods of Malasña and Lavapiés, architectural style, which combines Moorish, Gothic and Roman architecture, and was also adapted epicentres of the cultural revolution of Madrid, the same can be seen in Barcelona in the El Born and for numerous forts and monuments. But the greatest example of this period is the in El Raval neighbourhoods. Granada, a sumptuous, refined palace and fortress complex, with luxurious gardens. At the same time, It is also in the Spanish capital that the famous golden art triangle can be found: Museo del Prado, the Roman style extended northward, following the Camino de , and Gothic Museo Thyssen-Bornemisza and Centro de Arte Reina Sofia, three of the most prestigious galleries in architecture dominated the , as is the case of Burgos, Toledo and León. the world, all on the same block. But Barcelona will not be outdone, as apart from the artistic legacy The two biggest Spanish cities, Madrid and Barcelona, have played an important role in bringing two of modernism, it is the home to works by two renowned painters: Museo Picasso Barcelona and very specific architectural styles to public knowledge. During the 19th century, the Spanish capital Fundació Joan Miró, not to mention the historic Museu Nacional d’Art de Catalunya. became a kind of ambassador of the neo-classical style, which we can see in buildings such as the The next largest Spanish city, Valencia, has become one of the most modern cities in Spain, with the Museu del Prado and the Museu Thyssen-Bornemisza, whilst in Barcelona, during the 20th century, mega-complex Ciudad de las Artes y las Ciencias de Valencia (City of Art and Science) and the gardens, the city’s expansion opened the way to a proliferation of modernist architecture. Antoni Gaudi, the Jardines de . On the other hand, Seville, the fourth largest city, in the Andalusian heat, has its very Catalan architect is a household name, who left various “pieces” throughout the city with his very own, own personality and buzz of life which beats to the Flamenco rhythm, the flavour of tapas, “overseen” individual and intriguing aesthetics. Examples of these are the Parc Guëll and the Casa Batló, although by the beautiful cathedral and the royal Alcázar. the Sagrada Família is his masterpiece, which he tragically left unfinished.

INTRODUCING SPAIN INTRODUCING SPAIN Marques/shutterstock.com JoseIgnacioSoto/iStockphoto.com

EXPLORING THE CITIES WITH MULTICULTURAL HISTORY WANDERING THROUGH THE PICTURESQUE TOWNS Toledo and Cordoba, in the centre and south of the country, respectively, are two very different cities, Spain doesn’t only have big cities and an unparalleled cultural wealth. In fact, its picturesque villages but which share the fact that in medieval times they were both home to different communities, are small, hidden treasures, which, although sometimes remote and with difficult access, are ideal cultures and beliefs. The important thing is that these communities lived together in harmony, and for those who like driving along mountain roads, as they inspire a feeling of immediate retreat, left a unique heritage, because it is not so common for them to coexist and stand the test of time. surrounded by calm and tranquillity. At the time when the Romans used Toledo as a strategic link to other cities, many Jews lived there. And In Andalusia, in the provinces of Cadiz and Malaga, the “Ruta de los Pueblos Blancos” (White Villages it remained so with the Visigoths and the Moors, who made it the regional centre. With the Christian Route) links small inland villages full of charm with a unique, peaceful aura. The whitewashed houses re-conquest in 1085, Toledo, while still a medieval city, was strikingly liberal with regard to tolerance make a stark contrast to the prominent green of the mountain slopes and the red roofs. The fact that and cultural diversity. The triangle in the romantic, historic centre formed by the Cathedral, the Santa some of them have “la frontera” in their name, identifies them as being battle ground locations, as the Maria La Blanca Synagogue and the Mosque, dates back to that period. The Visigoth Museum is also Moors retreated to these territories after losing their control of Granada, the last city in their empire in the middle of that triangle. to fall under the Christian re-conquest. Amongst the twenty towns of the region, there are two of The same can be said of Cordoba, which was the regional capital for the and capital particular note, the largest of these “pueblos”, and Ronda, with its breath-taking both of the Cordoba Emirate, and the Al-Andalus kingdom, and which, during the , was gorge and the charm of its traditional, colourful houses with window boxes filled with flowers. a city with aqueducts, paved streets with oil lighting, libraries, palaces, public baths and a huge, Aragon, on the other hand, is the least populated region of Spain and many of its treasures remain impressive and luxurious mosque, in contrast with what was at that time a poor, under-educated hidden, with isolated villages, mostly in yellow-coloured sandstone, tucked away at the foot of the Europe. Although the Muslims were in the majority, they lived in cooperation with Christians and , surrounded only by thick vegetation, occasional snow and an impenetrable peacefulness. Jews, so basically there was a common culture shared by the three religions: the same language, the Some of them are home to architectural gems in the Mudejar style, such as the Albarracin castle or same , the same clothing, the same art and the same music, whilst religious rituals were kept in the Colegiata de Santa Maria la Mayor (Church of St. Mary the Great), in Alquezar. Others are of great the private domain. The Mosque, the Jewish Quarter, the Roman Bridge and the Alcázar de los Reyes historical importance, such as the Sos del Rey Catolico, where D. Fernando II of Aragon was born, who, Cristianos are proof of just that. together with his wife Isabel I of Castile, became known as the king responsible for uniting Spain.

INTRODUCING SPAIN INTRODUCING SPAIN Botond Horvath/shutterstock.com Jose Ignacio Soto/shutterstock.com

GETTING TO KNOW THE BEACHES FROM THE NORTH TO THE SOUTH GOING ON THE CAMINO DE SANTIAGO As Spain is mostly surrounded by sea, it has a long, varied coastline, and you will find that beaches in You don’t have to be a Catholic, or even a follower of any religion to appreciate the spiritual are very different from those in Andalusia, for example. In the north, the rough sea has carved atmosphere rooted in the Camino de Santiago, which was proclaimed World Heritage by UNESCO, dramatic cliffs with hidden, inhospitable stretches of sand, but their outstanding natural beauty gives and which thousands of have walked since the . them an almost dream-like quality. Although there are different starting points, the various routes all end up in the northwest of Spain In the south, the gentle waves that lap against the long, sandy beaches and the golden bays provide and basically three paths converge: the Camino Portugues, the Via de la Plata and the Camino Frances. an idyllic and tranquil environment. Playa de Rodas in the Cies Islands in Galicia, with its stony beach, The first one goes north from Braga (in ) to Tui and , to then arrive at the city of Santiago looks as if a landslide has invaded the idyllic turquoise-blue sea, with the green mountains as a de Compostela. The second makes the connection from the south of Spain, in Seville, and the third backdrop, and is considered by some to be the most beautiful beach in Spain. But Playa de Mónsul, starts in the Pyrenees, passing through Logroño, Burgos and León. These three routes have several in Almeria, Andalusia is just as beautiful, and was the set in some of the Indiana Jones films. It is an things in common: apart from their destination, they have stops at various points of spiritual and impressive beach due its crystalline waters, fine sand the lava formations that surround it. But these cultural interest, such as the beautiful Gothic cathedralsof Seville, Burgos, León and Tui. are just two out of a multitude of other impressive beaches, such as Tossa de Mar, with its majestic The nature of the route’s itinerary encompasses a personal, regenerative and carefree aspect: castle on the beach, Playa de La Concha, the famous beach in the centre of San Sebastian, Puenta travelling just for the sake of getting to Santiago de Compostela. And the city welcomes the pilgrims del Fangar, with water both sides of the sand and a famous lighthouse, which has featured in various on arrival with open arms. The Plaza del Obradoiro, in front of the cathedral, is a pilgrims’ meeting films, or even the little beaches of Begur, Sa and Playa del Racó, set in front of the fishing town’s point, where they ‘recharge their batteries’ before discovering the charming city or even before white houses. visiting the wonderful, massive cathedral, where the tomb of St. James can be found.

INTRODUCING SPAIN INTRODUCING SPAIN Marques/shutterstock.com Eloi_Omella/iStockphoto.com

ENJOYING THE EXCELLENT EMBRACING NATURE production in Spain dates back centuries, as it was first started in the by the Eight per cent of Spain’s territory is part of a protected area and Spain has over ten such areas on the Romans. Nowadays, Spain is one of the world’s largest producers and has sixty two wine regions, mainland, scattered across the country, from north to south, and in the different autonomous regions. which are divided into three areas: North West, North East and Centre and South. The variation in the And they all have their own specific aspects and distinguishing features. different kinds of climate and the types of soil gives the Spanish wines their different profiles. To the north, the Pyrenees, which separate Spain from , are home to the picturesque towns in was the first region to be certified and to receive DOC status, and is still one of the most the Aragon community, and in the Ordesa y National Park, you’ll find the third highest important regions. It is renowned for producing the best red wines in the country, with a subtle aroma peak in the Pyrenees, Monte Perdido (3,348m) with trails leading through deep green valleys and and a touch of elegance, mainly due to the region’s conditions and the artisan production, the wines mountainous terrain covered with pure white ice and snow, which accumulates in the rocky hollows. being left to mature in barrels for longer periods of time.If you visit La Rioja you will have ample Whilst the three mountainous, ridged massifs of the Picos da Europa remind us of the Alps, this opportunities to be immersed in this art and tradition, as you can visit vineyards and witness the national park next to the and coasts has a charm all of its own, so much so that entire process and taste these marvellous wines in the most picturesque taverns. it was made the first national park in Spain. It is one of the most beautiful parks to explore on foot, But Spain also has other typical wines. Apart from Albariño, a very crisp typical of Galicia, as you come across the breath-taking lakes, such as lake Covadonga, at the foot of the mountains Jerez de La Frontera produces Jerez (Sherry), a type of fortified wine, which is sweet and aromatic, with and the geological formations that are absolute natural works of art, like the Garganta del Cares. The a unique flavour. Among its various phases, the fermentation process includes the “solera” system, unpredictable weather can sometimes be an issue, but that’s all part of the charm. which blends the older wines with the younger ones so that the latter can be “educated by them”. To the south, the Sierra Nevada has the highest point in mainland Spain, and Mulhacén, the Doñana National Park is a perfect refuge for wildlife and is the habitat of many endangered species and the destination of many other migratory ones. But the fascination of this park isn’t just in the variety of fauna present. It is also about the diversity of the ecosystems, starting with the huge wetland area, and the woods and finally the 28 km of Atlantic beach.

INTRODUCING SPAIN INTRODUCING SPAIN combine the art offeeling flavours with thetastecombine ofsomethetypical theart ofSpain. form, biggertablaoshave andMadrid, which art been openedinSeville Heritage ofFlamenco, oftheart importance whichhasbeen declared aUNESCO World tablaos where you canwitnessthereal Flamenco. However, withtheincreasing Jerez delaFrontera, ofthiscultural manifestation, thebirthplace there are various adance.tapping ofshoesonthefloorduring In Andalusia, more specificallyin It’s aboutardent singing, it’s aboutthevibration ofguitarstrings, it’s aboutthe a passionate expression ofmelancholy, form. anauthentic andimprovised art through the veins like blood and makes the pulse race, warming the soul. It’s cultures,and istheresult gypsyandMoorish ofafusionRoman, whichruns The traditional musicofthesouthSpain,Flamenco, date hasnoknown orera, Tomatina. ofmunitioninanamusing,the fruitisusedasatype widespread battle, called August, thecity’s streets are painted red. No, it’s notblood, itistomato pulp, as bonfire at theendofparty. Near Valencia, inBuñol, onthelast Wednesday in and paellacontests, andonlyoneoutofover 300ofthemissaved from the maché andwood. These are moved through thecity, alongwithfireworks, music have ofcreativity, aspirit withhighly-satirical coloured towers madeofpapier In Valencia, theFallas, dedicated to and Saint Joseph,herald ofspring thearrival suspense andfor ofsteel. whichyou neednerves the streets ofPamplona until theyreach thebullring, atradition that isfullof run (encierro), where sixbullsare morning, released andcharge every down and isoneofthewildestinSpain. This designation ismostlydueto thebull patron saint ofNavarre, The festivity takesplace from July6thto14th July, Pamplona,In there are no limitsto the devotion surrounding Fermin, San the whole occasion amedieval aura. the differentvarious costumes andbeautifulfloats saints carrying givingthe country, inSeville, ritual withimpressive itisapowerful processions, dramatic on thecity. For example, althoughHoly Week iscelebrated throughout the religious roots thesamefestivities andoften takeondifferent depending forms in somany ways, throughout theentire country. Many ofthetraditions have theessencereflect ofwhat itis to beSpanish: celebrating life withenthusiasm forward topresent thefuture. andlooking The customs, events andtraditions past, whilst being at the same time devoted momentto of the enjoying every Spanish culture ispassionate intheway itcommemorates andkeepsalive the CELEBRATING SPAIN INTRODUCING SPAIN

Mikhail Zahranichny/shutterstock.com ManuelVelasco/shutterstock.com David Acosta Allely/dreamstime.com Acosta David GALICIA AdrianNunez/shutterstock.com

GALICIA 1 2

The capital of the province of Galicia is Santiago de Compostela, whose PEDRE/iStockphoto.com

Old Town is a UNESCO World Heritage site and which is famed for its Photojope/dreamstime.com spiritual dimension, which draws thousands of pilgrims to the city every year. However without wanting to detract in any way from this lovely city and its colossal cathedral, Galicia has much more to offer. It is known as the “land of a thousand rivers”, due to the watercourses that run down from the mountains – ranges that mark the region off from its neighbours Portugal, Asturias and León – into its characteristic (downed non- glacial river valleys). And with its some 1,200 km of coastline, Galicia has a wealth of contrasts and a vivid natural beauty. Its relative geographic isolation has meant the region preserving its own language (Galician) 3 4 and culture, which have an affinity with those of Portugal. Nevertheless, many locals also speak Spanish (Castilian). The abundance of rivers enables Galicia to supply hydroelectric power to the rest of Spain. This is also a region with fairly high precipitation, because of its altitude and Txiriguili/iStockphoto.com proximity to the sea. Rias, beaches, headlands, ports and islands make up Pablo Rodriguez/dreamstime.com Pablo the coastal landscape, with some dramatic stretches such as the Costa da Morte (Coast of Death) and the famous Cabo (also known as ), while the interior features green hills and valleys, scattered with isolated stone villages and ancient churches. It is a predominantly agricultural region dotted sparingly with towns, as well as having a few very active ports in coastal cities such as A Coruña (La Coruña in Spanish) 6 and Vigo. It is in these cities, too, that Galicia really comes to life, with urban centres packed with restaurants, bars, shops and many other 1 - Inside Santiago Cathedral, Santiago de Compostela. attractions. The fresh fish and shellfish, and dishes such as caldeirada 2 - Octopus Slices, Galicia. galega, a well-seasoned fish stew, are among the culinary specialities that 3 - Horses Sculpture, Vigo. are not to be missed. 4 - Celtic Menhir Monument, A Coruña. 5 - Herreos of Combarro, . 6 - Plaza del Obradoiro and Cathedral, Santiago de 5 Compostela.

GALICIA GALICIA Quintanilla/dreamstime.com Typhoonski/dreamstime.com Jon Chica/shutterstock.com ASTURIAS & CANTABRIA

ASTURIAS & CANTABIA 1 2

The heir to the Spanish throne bears the title Prince of Asturias, and perhaps only a natural paradise of this kind is worthy of a future king. Jose I. Soto/dreamstime.com Given the small size of this autonomous community and its neighbour it is relatively easy to traverse both fairly rapidly, but do try and linger a Fernandez/shutterstock.com Fernandez Isa little longer. Located in northern Spain, between Galicia and the Basque Country, this area is a popular holiday destination for some Spaniards, while others hesitate to explore it because of its changeable climate: here bright sunshine can give way to mist and even rain in a single day. But it is this same climate that helps make the region abundant in vegetation, earning it the name of Costa Verde (Green Coast). Then there is the fact that the two communities are linked by the fabulous Picos de Europa 3 4 National Park, whose immense green and blue mountain landscape of flora and lakes has also been declared a UNESCO Biosphere Reserve. The region also boasts extensive apple orchards that enable Asturias to continue to produce its most popular , . The rugged coast

forms beaches, inlets, bays and capes along which the main cities are Kaleidoscope_/iStockphoto.com dotted, including bustling, urbane Gijón and elegant, modern Santander. MarquesPhotographyiStockphoto.com Further inland is , the capital of Asturias, with its romantic aura and charming historical buildings. These major cities contrast with most of the rest of the region, with its small, quiet coastal towns and isolated rural stone houses in the foothills. The region is known for the diversity of its landscapes and customs, but you can also find prehistoric art here, 6 such as in the caves of Altamira.

1 - Historic Caravel with which discovered America, Santander 2 - La Laboral Public City of Culture, Gijón. 3 - Niemeyer Center, Avilés. 4 - Cable Car, Picos de Europa. 5 - Fabada Asturiana, Asturias. 5 6 - Old Roman Bridge, Cangas de Onis.

ASTURIAS & CANTABRIA ASTURIAS & CANTABRIA peeterv/iStockphoto.com Iakov Filimonov/dreamstime.com Iakov JoseIgnacioSoto/iStockphoto.com

12 BASQUE COUNTRY, NAVARRA RIOJA & LA

BASQUE COUNTRY, NAVARRA & LA RIOJA 13 Alberto Loyo/shutterstock.com

There is no doubt that this region on the frontier between Spain and France is unique. Firstly because – in the case of the Basque Country – it

is split between those two sovereign states, and secondly because it has barbajones/shutterstock.com its own language, Euskara, which is in no way related to tongues. The fact that it is also the only part of Spain that was little affected by invasion also contributed to the strongly separatist character of the 14 15 area. The Basque Country is known for its fabulous beaches, the modern architecture of its cities and its excellent cuisine. , meanwhile, celebrates Spanish traditions in grand style, while La Rioja is known for its fabulous wines and medieval heritage. All this is set in a predominately green landscape, with the high Pyrenees in the background. Karol Kozlowski/shutterstock.com Karol

16 jorisvo/shutterstock.com 12 - Bay View, San Sebastián. 13 - Puente de Piedra, Logroño. 14 - Chapel of Santa Catalina, Mundaka. 15- Canapes Allusive to San Fermín Costumes, Pamplona. 16 - La Ribera Market, Bilbao. 17 - Wine Barrels of the Great Bodegas, 17 Haro.

BASQUE COUNTRY, NAVARRA & LA RIOJA BASQUE COUNTRY, NAVARRA & LA RIOJA peresanz/shutterstock.com Natursports/shutterstock.com The World in HDR/shutterstock.com World The

1

PYRENEES & ARAGON 2 astudio/shutterstock.com PYRENEES & ARAGONPYRENEES

Hemmed in by mountains at the foot of the Pyrenees, Aragon is an oasis of calm relative to its neighbours, Catalonia and the Basque Country. Here vichie81/shutterstock.com a swathe of green covers valleys and mountains that are spotted with the white of glaciars and small pueblos (villages) in stone, such as enchanting Albarracín. Spain’s broadest river, the , runs through Aragon, and , the highest mountain in the Pyrenees, also stands here. This 3 4 traditionally rural region has seen a major flux of the population into the big cities, leaving the countryside all but untouched by the passage of time. It is also the site of some unique examples of Mudéjar (Moorish- influenced) architecture, especially in and in the capital, . LUNAMARINA/iStockphoto.com

5 Lunamarina/dreamstime.com

1 - Citadel, . 2 - Landscape, Echo's Valley. 3 - Procession, Zaragoza. 4 - Corridor of Aljaferia Alcazar Palace, Zaragoza. 5 - Arazas Gradas de Soaso, Ordesa. 6 - Amantes Fountain in La Escalinata, 6 Teruel.

PYRENEES & ARAGON PYRENEES & ARAGON dnaveh/shutterstock.com dimbar76/shutterstock.com Juergen Sack/iStockphoto.com Juergen

CATALONIA

1 2

“Catalonia is not Spain” - a famous phrase in the region, epitomises locals' nationalist character. Indeed, there has long been a drive towards Catalonia becoming independent: it has its own flag, language, A.S.Floro/shutterstock.com government, culture and, above all, pride. This very distancing of itself CATALONIA from the rest of Spain is one of the things that make the region so Kozlowski/shutterstock.com Karol interesting. After all, Spain is not just tortillas, bullfights and flamenco. In stressing what divides it from the rest of the country Catalonia sets itself apart, as a land that stretches from the Costa Brava to the Pyrenees that is diverse, unique and beautiful. From the fabulous Mediterranean beaches of Tossa de Mar to idyllic seaside villages such as Cadaqués. Not forgetting the natural beauty of the Ebro Delta, where you can spot flamingos and the sunset takes on a unique rosy hue, the medieval charm of Girona, the artistic heritage of Figueres – which harbours Salvador Dali's greatest work – and of course cosmopolitan Barcelona.

3 4 sanya51/shutterstock.com Byelikova Oksana/shutterstock.com Byelikova

6

1 - La Seu Vella Cathedral Interior, . 2 - La Sagrada Família, Barcelona. 3 - Calella Beach, Palafrugell. 4 - Arab Baths, Girona. 5 - The Dali Theatre and Museum, Figueres. 5 6 - Barri Gothic Cathedral, .

CATALONIA CATALONIA Colin Farmer/dreamstime.com Colin Radu Bercan/shutterstock.com andre van de sande/shutterstock.com van andre

1

VALENCIA & 2 Pere Sanz/dreamstime.com Pere

The long stretch of coast which makes up the province of Valencia and Murcia is a juxtaposition of contrasts. By the sea, picturesque villages Colin Farmer/dreamstime.com Colin lie side by side with towns whose potential has been under-exploited. Inland, there is an area known as the “orchard” on account of the fertility of its soil, where oranges, dates and rice abound (a legacy from the Moors) but there is also a high degree of desertification in the surrounding 3 4 VALENCIA & MURCIA areas. As for the provincial capitals, Valencia is a contemporary city with many architecturally modern buildings whereas Murcia is a historic city whose cathedral is a testament to the importance the city enjoyed in the period. If Valencia is famous for its rich paella, Murcia is no less famous for its wonderful tapas. It is also a region known for its festivals Artens/shutterstock.com and is home to two of the most spectacular – the fallas and the tomatina. This is an area of Spain where the Arab legacy is ever-present, in both the villages and castles near the mountains and can be seen in the place names, such as Benidorm and . In Valencia, valenciano is spoken, in addition to Castilian Spanish, and is a language derived from and similar to Catalan. 5 jorisvo/shutterstock.com

1 - Cueva de las Calaveras, Dénia. 2 - Colon Market, Valencia. 3 - Castle, Morella. 4- Guadalest Dam, Calpe. 5 - Paella, Valencia. 6 6 - Fallas Fest, Valencia.

VALENCIA & MURCIA VALENCIA & MURCIA nito/shutterstock.com Sean Pavone/shutterstock.com trabantos/shutterstock.com

MADRID 1 2

This is the smallest of all Spain's autonomous communities, in terms of area, but it sits right at the heart of the country and the Iberian Peninsula LordRunar/iStockphoto.com photobeginner/shutterstock.com – which is why it was chosen as the national capital. It is indisputably the largest city, relatively young but with a huge built heritage in Baroque style, museums that boast some of the world's most important works of art, and stunning gardens. There are also many smaller towns around the capital that are worth visiting, such as San Lorenzo de with its fabulous monastery and Alcalá de Henares, the birthplace of Miguel de Cervantes. Just north of the city is the Parque Natural de la Sierra de Guadarrama, which is popular for walking, climbing and even skiing, but also has some picturesque villages and even a fine castle. The Castillo de 3 4 los Mendoza is a small but enchanting fortress, built in the 15th century MADRID with towers and a patio – all in Gothic style. pedrosala/shutterstock.com Carlos Mora/dreamstime.com Carlos

5 6

1 - Churros con Chocolate, Madrid. 2 - The Prado Museum Facade, Madrid. 3 - El Retiro Park, Madrid. 4 - Mirador del Faro, Madrid. vichie81/iStockphoto.com 5 - Valle de los Caidos, San Lorenzo de El Escorial. 6 - Don Quijote Parade in Cervantes Square, Alcalá de Henares. 7 7 - Debod Temple, Madrid.

MADRID MADRID holbox/shutterstock.com Sorin Colac/shutterstock.com Juan Enrique del Barrio/shutterstock.com Juan Enrique

1

CASTILE-LEON 2 Gannet77/iStockphoto.com

This is Spain's largest autonomous region, the result of the historic ties established by the over the centuries: first with León KarSol/shutterstock.com and then with Aragon through the marriage of the Catholic Monarchs, whose domain they went on to extend to the whole country. The clearest proof of that is Spain's official language, Castilian. Since this is a mountainous region, in the Duero river basin, it tends to record extreme 3 4 temperatures – hence the popular saying that the year in Castile and León is made up of “nine months of winter and three months of hell”, given the temperature range between the seasons. It is also known as the land of castles (castillos), thanks to the many fortresses built by Christians to defend the area from the Moors in the 8th and 9th centuries. There are Perszing1982/iStockphoto.com said to be almost 300 medieval castles here, although some are better preserved than others. Other frequent sights are the beautiful Gothic churches and cathedrals along the Camino de Santiago (Way of St James) CASTILE-LEON in places such as Burgos, León and Astorga. But the monarchs themselves, who were both devout Catholics and lovers of art and architecture, also had other monuments built in cities such as Ávila, , Segovia, León and Burgos. Indeed, the first three are UNESCO World Heritage sites. 5 As well as its stunning cities, the region has vast protected green areas – such as the Parque Nacional de los Picos de Europa and the Sierra de Francia – that offer bucolic havens. As with other parts of Spain, Castile and León has its gastronomic specialities, mainly focused on meat, hams

and sausages. Many say that it is here that you can find the best cured StockPhotoAstur/iStockphoto.com 1 - Downtown Facades and Cathedral, ham (jamón) and suckling pig. Burgos. 2 - Alcazar, Segovia. 3 - Episcopal Palace, Astorga. 4- Real Colegiata de San Isidoro, León. 5 - Panoramic View with Medieval Walls, Ávila. 6 - Cathedral and Tormes River, 6 Salamanca.

CASTILE-LEON CASTILE-LEON nito/shutterstock.com Igor Plotnikov/shutterstock.com siete_vidas/shutterstock.com

CASTILE-LEON 1 2

Sandwiched between Portugal, Castile and Andalusia, the autonomous community of is unexplored territory for most foreign Anton_Ivanov/shutterstock.com visitors to Spain, firmly off the radar. But that, precisely, is a large part of its charm. Its name goes back to the time of the Christian Reconquest of the peninsula, and comes from the fact that it was at the edge of Christendom, on the frontier with Moorish territory. Here amid mountains, valleys, meadows and rivers you will find picturesque towns and cities with a wealth of medieval monuments, such as Mérida and Cáceres – both UNESCO World Heritage sites. In more remote parts, tiny cottages are dotted about in the vast countryside. This is also the region from which many adventurers set out to conquer swathes of the , including Cortés, Pizarro, 3 Balboa and De Soto – later returning to build family mansions and churches with the riches they gleaned in the Americas. The Parque Nacional de Monfragüe and the Valle del Jerte are examples of the region’s fabulous natural landscapes, which attract sporty or outdoor types for activities such as climbing, horse riding, fishing or bird watching. As for gastronomy, make sure to try the fabulous MANCHA & CASTILE-LA EXTREMADURA Bimserd/dreamstime.com Dehesa de Extremadura jamón (cured ham) and nevaditos, traditional local biscuits. Jose Ignacio Soto/shutterstock.com Castile-La Mancha, right at the heart of the Spain, alongside Madrid, has as its most famous native son a literary character: Dom Quixote de La Mancha, invented by Miguel de Cervantes. This noble hero, who was born in Toledo, tilted against the stolid windmills of the highlands and rode out to save his beloved Dulcinea. The name La Mancha comes from the Arabic ma-ansha, meaning “without water”, appropriate enough given the scarcity of moisture in the region for the wheat, vines and spread out tree fields under the hot summer sun. While is the largest city, Toledo is undoubtedly 5 the best known, thanks its medieval aura and fascinating heritage. Another very popular city is Cuenca, known for its intriguing Casas Colgadas (Hanging Houses). The autonomous community of Castile-La Mancha also has four important archaeological centres that tell part of the story of Iberia, 1 - Diana Temple, Mérida. and protected areas such as the Parque Nacional de las Tablas de Daimiel and the Parque Nacional de 2 - Casas Colgadas (Hanging Houses), Cuenca. Cabañeros. Manchego and Valdepeñas wine are the best-known regional products. This is a 3 - Alcazar and Alcantara Bridge, Toledo. part of Spain where temperatures vary widely, with cold winters and dry summers. Like Extremadura, 4 - Altar of the Royal Monastery of Santa Maria de Guadalupe, Guadalupe. Castile-La Mancha is traversed by both the Tagus and the Guadiana rivers. 4 5 - Interior of the Cathedral, Siguënza.

EXTREMADURA & CASTILE-LA MANCHA EXTREMADURA & CASTILE-LA MANCHA Pabkov/shutterstock.com Benny Marty/shutterstock.comBenny Marques/shutterstock.com

1

ANDALUSIA 2 Fulcanelli/shutterstock.com

Seen by many as quintessential Spain, since it fits so many images that visitors have about the country before they visit. A land of bullfights, flamenco and sherry, where white houses dot the hillsides and its

Moorish heritage takes the form of some of the world’s most beautiful Calzada/shutterstock.com Herraez David buildings, such as the Alhambra in Granada and the fabulous mosque of Córdoba. These, along with Seville, the capital of Andalusia, are the three 3 4 great cities that the Moors established in the seven centuries during which they dominated the land then known as Al-Andalus. These are modern urban centres with a vast historical heritage and a very particular atmosphere. The clichéd vision of remote hill villages is a reality in the Taiga/shutterstock.com pueblos blancos or ‘white villages’ near the Sierra Nevada range. These mountains are close enough to the coast that you can reach it on the same day. Along it are many places worth visiting: Cádiz and Tarifa, on the Atlantic and Málaga and Almeria on the Mediterranean.

5

1 - Moorish Quarter Albaicin ANDALUSIA

Alex Tihonovs/shutterstock.com Alex Restaurants and Shops, Granada. 2 - Pompidou Centre, Málaga. 3 - Metropol Parasol in Plaza de la Encarnacion, Seville. 4- Castle Monument of Colomares, Benalmádena. 5 - Patio Fest (Flowers Decoration, Córdoba. 6 6 - Donkey Taxis, Mijas.

ANDALUSIA ANDALUSIA setting, such as country houses or mansions, Atlantic, Continental and Mediterranean. English is the official language, given the Rock’s ABOUT SPAIN which have been renovated for the purpose Also known as the Costa Verde, the Atlantic origins as a British colony. Meanwhile, various of receiving guests. Sometimes featuring or maritime climate zone encompasses the autonomous communities in Spain are fiercely pools and gardens, they offer peace and quiet northern part of the country: Galicia, Cantabria, nationalist, some more so than others, and insist WHERE TO STAY complemented by a full range of services that the Basque Country and the Pyrenees. Its on maintaining co-official status for their local may include a variety of outdoor activities. proximity to the sea means it is a region with cool languages, even using them on signage. This There are various types of accommodation in (http://ecoturismorural.com/). summers and mild winters. It is also the rainiest is the case in Catalonia (Catalan), the Basque Spain, ranging from simple family-run guest Albergues Juveniles: The equivalent of region of Spain, so a cloudy sky is normal, but Country (Basque), Galicia (Galician), Aragon houses to the opulence of the Paradores. youth hostels. Although they may have basic you can still expect some sunshine nevertheless. (Aragonese) and Valencia (Valencian). Paradores: The Paradores are owned and run rooms similar to those of a guest house, they The continental climate is found in the central by the Spanish government, which converts mostly offer low-cost, shared dormitory-style area of Spain known as meseta (Castilla-La INTERNATIONAL DIALLING CODE historical and emblematic buildings such as accommodation. Mancha, Castile and León, Extremadura and castles, fortresses, monasteries and palaces Refugios: Situated in mountainous areas parts of Navarre and Aragon) and the Ebro river +34. Spanish mobile phone numbers start into luxury hotels. They can be found all over and managed by local mountaineering valley. Summers here are typically scorching and with 6, whereas landline numbers start with Spain, often in some of the prettiest areas of the organizations, these shelters are nothing more winters are freezing. Located in the centre of 900. Numbers starting with 901, 905, 902, 800, country, as well as other more remote locations. than dormitories with basic facilities. the meseta, Madrid records some of the lowest 803, 806 and 807 may have additional charges The fact that they are publicly-owned means Albergues de Peregrinos: These are modest temperatures in Spain during winter, while associated with them. their rates are sometimes lower than those of little inns that can accommodate between five Murcia’s climate is almost African. And even other hotels in the same segment. (http://www. and ten guests, but which may not even meet though the winters become more bearable the EMERGENCIES .es/es). some of the basic standards. Their purpose is to farther south you travel, Seville and Cordoba Hoteles: Star ratings range from one to five. provide shelter for pilgrims travelling along the are also known for their blisteringly hot In an emergency dial 112. Alternatively, you The higher the quality of the service and the Way of St. James. Guests may stay for one night summers, typical of this climate. Meanwhile, the could go to the emergency department number of facilities offered, the higher the only and are charged a symbolic price for the Mediterranean zone stretches from Andalusia to or even a pharmacy. There is always a pharmacy rating. Hotels normally operate in purpose-built accommodation. Catalonia, an extensive coastline all lapped by on duty round the clock (farmácia de guardia) buildings. Hostales and hostal-residencias: With Campsites: There are more than 100 authorized the . With very little rainfall, to provide assistance in minor cases. You should star ratings ranging from one to three, these campsites/caravan parks across Spain, especially the region suffers from the effects of drought. take precautions to safeguard yourself against are cheaper hotels than the category above. next to the coast. They offer facilities that range Summers are hot and winters are mild, but altitude sickness and hypothermia when Nevertheless, some are high in quality, offering from the mere basics to restaurants, swimming there are no marked extremes of temperature; it travelling in mountainous areas. If you are likely good, functional rooms with private bathroom. pools, bars and site-operated supermarkets. All simply gets a little cooler the farther north you to be spending several hours at altitude, take Hostales and Hostal-Residencias: With can be found in the Guía de Campings, published go. paracetamol and food with you to guard against star ratings ranging from one to three, these annually. See: http://www.vayacamping.net. the former and warm clothing for the latter. are cheaper hotels than the category above. ELECTRICITY Jellyfish have been becoming an increasing Nevertheless, some are high in quality, offering TIME ZONE nuisance along Mediterranean beaches. Lataste’s good, functional rooms with private bathroom. 220v (240V in Gibraltar) viper is a species of snake that lives in dry and Pensiones: Or Fondas or Casas de Huéspedes. +1 GMT rocky areas. It is not particularly common but it No-frills budget accommodation, usually LANGUAGE is Spain’s only venomous animal. family-run, offering only the basic essentials for CLIMATE an overnight stay. Some rooms may not have Castilian Spanish, which derives from Latin, is the SAFETY private bathrooms. This type of accommodation Spain has a reputation for being one of the most-spoken language across most of Spain. It can just as easily be in an old house or in a small sunniest countries in Europe, largely due to its is thought to have originated sometime around Spain is a relatively safe country where, for guest house remodelled in boutique style (B&B – Mediterranean coast, which can average more the ninth century. Although its roots lie in the example, there are no restrictions on going out Bed & ). than 300 sunny days a year. However, this is central/northern area of the Iberian Peninsula, and about. However, some unpleasant situations Villas and Apartments: Rented by the week, actually a rather inaccurate generalization. the language eventually spread across the entire can arise where theft is concerned so, although these consist of small apartments, which may be Although mainland Spain is located in a part of country, due to the expansion of the Kingdom infrequent, it’s best to be on the lookout. more or less luxurious, and are available for use the world with a normally temperate climate, of Castile during the Middle Ages. It was also One of the tricks used by thieves is to distract by tourists and visitors. the country is geographically so vast that it can the language taken by Spanish explorers to their victims’ attention in some way while an Casas Rurales: These are properties in a rural be divided into three distinct climatic regions: the colonies in South America. In Gibraltar, accomplice picks their pockets. Another involves

ABOUT SPAIN ABOUT SPAIN faking a problem with a car. Kind-hearted taxi companies also have adapted vehicles and Good Friday – March/April; driving licence. Driving conditions in Spain have motorists who stop to help the “breakdown buses are often fitted with ramps. Labour Day – May 1st; been improving over the years. Autovias are victims” become victims themselves as their Corpus Christi – June; major toll-free highways that connect the entire cars are robbed while their backs are turned. Yet INTERNET ACCESS Feast of St. James the Apostle – July 25th; territory, including some less central areas, another common trick is to deflate a car’s tyres Assumption Day – August 15th; and they complement the network of national when it is parked at a service station. The thieves Nowadays, internet access is available in the Fiesta Nacional de España (National Day) – roads. Autopistas, on the other hand, are toll then offer to help the driver change the tyres. vast majority of Spanish hotels. Access is usually October 12th; motorways. They are more common around The pattern is generally one of subtle theft while password-protected, so you will need to contact All Saints’ Day – November 1st; the capital and along the Mediterranean coast. the victim’s attention is elsewhere, so do be on reception in the first instance. Free internet Día de la Constitución (Constitution Day) – Autopistas are numbered with an “AP” prefix for your guard. access is also often available at hotspots in December 6th; easy identification. Tolls can be paid in cash, with public places such as bus and train stations, Feast of the Immaculate Conception – December a credit card or by means of a specific electronic EMBASSIES AND CONSULATES large shopping centres or even in restaurants 8th; device. and cafés. Christmas – December 25th. Your country’s embassy or consulate is the best In addition to the national public holidays, PUBLIC TRANSPORT place to seek help in an emergency, whether of CURRENCY there are various other local holidays set by the a medical nature or the loss of travel documents. regional governments and local councils. All large Spanish cities have excellent bus and South Africa: 91 436 3780. Edificio Lista Calle (since 2002) underground (metro) networks, while Barcelona, de Claudio Coello 91-6 Cor of J Ortega Y Gasset OPENING HOURS Valencia, Bilbao and Zaragoza also offer public Madrid 28006. MONEY trams. The bus company ALSA (902 422 242. Australia 91 353 6600. Planta 24, Torre The hours shown below apply only to high https://www.alsa.es/), provides intercity services Espacio, Paseo de la Castellana 259D, 28046, Although debit and credit cards are generally season; in low season opening hours tend to between cities such as Madrid, Granada, Bilbao, Madrid. accepted throughout Spain, it’s always best to be shorter. Banks are open to the public from Barcelona, Malaga and Zaragoza, as well as a Brazil 91 700 4650. Calle Fernando El Santo, 6, have some spare with you for emergencies. 8.30am to 2pm; post offices from 8.30am to regional service within the different autonomous 28010 – Madrid. Cashpoint (ATM) machines take Visa, MasterCard 9.30pm Monday to Friday, and from 8.30am to communities. The railways in Spain are operated Canada 91 382 8400. Torre Espacio, Paseo de or even Cirrus cards, but a fee of between 1.5 and 2pm on Saturdays ; and shops are open from by Renfe (902 320 320. http://www.renfe.com/). la Castellana 259D, 28046, Madrid; 932 703 614. 2% is charged on every withdrawal. Cash can be 10am to 2pm and from 4.30pm to 7.30pm. Services include high-speed and regional trains, Plaça de Catalunya, 9, 1º, 2ª 08002 Barcelona; exchanged at various places in the city, such as Restaurants serve from 1pm to 4pm and as well as overnight sleepers. 952 223 346. Plaza de la Malagueta 2, 1º 29016 banks or bureaux de change (called “Cambio”). from 8.30pm to 11pm. Discos open at Malaga. The latter operate longer opening hours but 1am and close at 5am/6am. United States of America 93 280 22 27. their rates are not as good. And in shops you Paseo Reina Elisenda de Montcada, 23, 08034 can always pay with your Visa, MasterCard or LA SIESTA Barcelona; 91 587 2200 Calle de Serrano, 75, American Express (Amex) card (the most widely 28006 Madrid accepted ones). If your card goes missing, In Spain, and especially so outside the main Israel 917829500. Calle Velázquez, 150 7º contact the appropriate help centre: Amex (900 urban areas, it is customary to take a “siesta”. This 28002 Madrid 994 426), MasterCard (900 971 231) and Visa (900 consists of taking an extended lunch break for a United Kingdom 917 146 300. Torre Espacio, 991 124). rest in the middle of the day. The custom is most Paseo de la Castellana 259D, 28046 Madrid noticeable in traditional commerce, restaurants PRICE RANGES and some services. PEOPLE WITH REDUCED MOBILITY € 0-20; €€ 21-35; €€€ 36-50; €€€€ >50 DRIVING IN SPAIN Although Spain is aware of such situations and does now offer some infrastructures for NATIONAL PUBLIC HOLIDAYS The legal driving age in Spain is eighteen. people with reduced mobility, it still has a way Citizens from any EU country, and from to go with regard to the mobility of wheelchair New Year – January 1st; Switzerland, Norway, Iceland or Liechtenstein, users. However, you will be able to find spare Dia de los Reyes Magos (Epiphany) – January 6th; may drive using the driving licence issued by wheelchairs, disabled toilets and dedicated Maundy Thursday – March/April (not celebrated their own country’s authority. Citizens from parking spaces just about everywhere. Some in Catalonia or Valencia); other countries must obtain an international

ABOUT SPAIN ABOUT SPAIN country; reception at the airport and a helpline ABOUT SPAIN TRAILS which you may call if needed during your stay.

We are a local tour operator, founded in 2009, UNIQUE LOCAL TEAM specialized in organizing Customized Self- Guided Tours in Spain and Portugal. We provide Our motivation is to offer the best travel a unique and comprehensive set of end-to-end experience to those who choose to go on holiday services with exclusive materials designed to with us. And we’re prepared and committed to enhance the travel experience of all those who do so. Not only are we local and on scene, but wish to visit these countries in an independent, we are also available to show you the beautiful enriching, safe and comfortable way. Our landscapes, the astonishing monuments, the savvy team of 18 members has expert travel remarkable history, our very own particular consultants who will design an itinerary, select culture and the secular gastronomy. That is, the hotels and suggest activities based on the essence that defines these two countries as the client’s interests and budget. We will then unique and captivating destinations. However, produce a Personalized Roadbook, with tips, distinct individuals have, naturally, different interests and goals. Thus, our travel consultants suggestions and directions, and pre-program want to know you, know your interests, in order the GPS according to the client’s itinerary to be able to design an itinerary of the Iberian on a day-to-day basis. These materials are Peninsula that suits you better. An itinerary that supplemented with an Exclusive Guidebook of expresses what you’re looking for. And this is our Portugal, written and produced with our inside main priority. knowledge and / or a Guidebook of Spain. When on location, should clients need any assistance, support or additional information, they can ENHANCED INDEPENDENT TRAVEL contact our travel consultants via a helpline number, available every day from 8 a.m. to 10 We want it to be your experience, so, while p.m.. We offer three transport options: Car Rental dropping you off at your hotel, we also deliver (Self-Drive), Private Driver, or Train and Transfers. all you need to have an independent, safe and Whichever the option, the client will be greeted amusing trip. Our team is backstage, behind the curtains, while preparing your trip (and materials on arrival at the airport and transferred to the needed) and by being available through our first hotel. All bookings and confirmations will helpline to assist if necessary. be made by us. Clients are presented with a turnkey package solution with a single price, leaving them free to really enjoy their holiday. VALUABLE BENEFITS Dimension wise, we have reached a volume business of 1.9 million euros in 2015, an amount You will start valuing our services and materials that grew to 3 million euros in 2016. for a customized, safe and independent trip long before your arrival to Spain, but will value them much more on your departure. By travelling with UNIQUE SERVICE BUNDLE us you will benefit from: – Customization; You won’t find one like it on the market. It includes – Consultancy; a Personalized Roadbook of the entire trip, with – Logistic & Organization; a selection of hotels and your reservations; a – Independent travel; Pre-Programmed GPS with your daily itinerary; – Support on location; a complete and exclusive Guidebook of Spain – Safety; and Portugal written and produced based on – Experience enrichment; our knowledge; transportation throughout the – Convenience.

ABOUT SPAIN