Grade 04 Social Studies Unit 07 Exemplar Lesson 01: the Republic of Texas

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Grade 4 Social Studies Unit: 07 Lesson: 01 Suggested Duration: 3 Days Grade 04 Social Studies Unit 07 Exemplar Lesson 01: The Republic of Texas

This lesson is one approach to teaching the State Standards associated with this unit. Districts are encouraged to customize this lesson by supplementing with district-approved resources, materials, and activities to best meet the needs of learners. The duration for this lesson is only a recommendation, and districts may modify the time frame to meet students’ needs. To better understand how your district may be implementing CSCOPE lessons, please contact your child’s teacher. (For your convenience, please find linked the TEA Commissioner’s List of State Board of Education Approved Instructional Resources and Midcycle State Adopted Instructional Materials.)

Lesson Synopsis Students describe the successes, problems, and the organization of the Republic of Texas and how it affects Texans today. TEKS

The Texas Essential Knowledge and Skills (TEKS) listed below are the standards adopted by the State Board of Education, which are required by Texas law. Any standard that has a strike-through (e.g. sample phrase) indicates that portion of the standard is taught in a previous or subsequent unit. The TEKS are available on the Texas Education Agency website at http://www.tea.state.tx.us/index2.aspx?id=6148.

4.3 History. The student understands the importance of the Texas Revolution, the Republic of Texas, and the annexation of Texas to the United States. The student is expected to: 4.3C Identify leaders important to the founding of Texas as a republic and state, including José Antonio Navarro, Sam Houston, Mirabeau Lamar, and Anson Jones. 4.3D Describe the successes, problems, and organizations of the Republic of Texas such as the establishment of a constitution, economic struggles, relations with American Indians, and the Texas Rangers. 4.6 Geography. The student uses geographic tools to collect, analyze, and interpret data. The student is expected to:

4.6A Apply geographic tools, including grid systems, legends, symbols, scales, and compass roses, to construct and interpret maps. 4.8 Geography. The student understands the location and patterns of settlement and the geographic factors that influence where people live. The student is expected to: 4.8B Describe and explain the location and distribution of various towns and cities in Texas, past and present. 4.15 Government. The student understands important ideas in historical documents of Texas and the United States. The student is expected to:

4.15A Identify the purposes and explain the importance of the Texas Declaration of Independence, the Texas Constitution, and other documents such as the Meusebach-Comanche Treaty.

4.15B Identify and explain the basic functions of the three branches of government according to the Texas Constitution. 4.17 Citizenship. The student understands the importance of active individual participation in the democratic process. The student is expected to:

4.17D Identify the importance of historical figures and important individuals who modeled active participation in the

Last Updated 05/07/13 page 1 of 15 Print Date 06/20/2013 Printed By Karen Johnson, MIDLAND ISD Grade 4 Social Studies Unit: 07 Lesson: 01 Suggested Duration: 3 Days democratic process such as Sam Houston, Barbara Jordan, Lorenzo de Zavala, Ann Richards, Sam Rayburn, Henry B. González, James A. Baker III, Wallace Jefferson, and other local individuals.

4.20 Science, technology, and society. The student understands the impact of science and technology on life in Texas. The student is expected to:

4.20A Identify famous inventors and scientists such as Gail Borden and his contributions.

Social Studies Skills TEKS

4.21 Social studies skills. The student applies critical-thinking skills to organize and use information acquired from a variety of valid sources, including electronic technology. The student is expected to:

4.21B Analyze information by sequencing, categorizing, identifying cause-and-effect relationships, comparing, contrasting, finding the main idea, summarizing, making generalizations and predictions, and drawing inferences and conclusions.

4.21C Organize and interpret information in outlines, reports, databases, and visuals, including graphs, charts, timelines, and maps. 4.22 Social studies skills. The student communicates in written, oral, and visual forms. The student is expected to: 4.22D Create written and visual material such as journal entries, reports, graphic organizers, outlines, and bibliographies.

GETTING READY FOR INSTRUCTION

Performance Indicators

Grade 04 Social Studies Unit 07 PI 01 Create a folded paper graphic organizer describing the successes and problems of the presidents of Texas. Explain in writing at least two ways the legacy of the Republic of Texas continues to impact Texas today. Standard(s): 4.3C , 4.3D , 4.6A , 4.8B , 4.15A , 4.15B , 4.17D , 4.21B , 4.21C , 4.22D ELPS ELPS.c.5B

Key Understandings

Leadership is crucial in creating a democratic government.

— How did the issues, successes, and problems faced by the new republic affect the Republic of Texas? — How did the leadership of the Republic of Texas contribute to the creation of a democratic government? Vocabulary of Instruction

representative government republic treaty

Materials

Refer to the Notes for Teacher section for materials.

Attachments

All attachments associated with this lesson are referenced in the body of the lesson. Due to considerations for grading or student assessment, attachments that are connected with Performance Indicators or serve as answer keys are available in the district site and are not accessible on the public website.

Last Updated 05/07/13 page 2 of 15 Print Date 06/20/2013 Printed By Karen Johnson, MIDLAND ISD Grade 4 Social Studies Unit: 07 Lesson: 01 Suggested Duration: 3 Days

Handout: Republic of Texas Cards (1 set per group) Handout: The Republic of Texas Issues (1 per student) Handout: Advantages, Challenges, and Organization of the Republic of Texas (1 per student) Handout: Advantages, Challenges, and Organization of the Republic of Texas Teacher Resource: Advantages, Challenges, and Organization of the Republic of Texas KEY Teacher Resource: Rubric: Campaign Poster KEY (optional) Teacher Resource: Lesson Activities KEY Teacher Resource: P. I. KEY

Resources

None identified

Advance Preparation

1. Become familiar with content and procedures for the lesson. 2. Refer to the Instructional Focus Document for specific content to include in the lesson. 3. Select appropriate sections of the textbook and other classroom materials that support the learning for this lesson. 4. Preview available resources and websites according to district guidelines. 5. Prepare materials and handouts as needed.

Background Information

The era of the Republic of Texas impacted Texas today by the type of leaders it selected and the organization of its government. The government was a representative government. The advantages and challenges faced by this nation would affect its future concerning statehood and its participation in the Civil War.

The government of the Republic of Texas was much like that of the United States. The Texas government had a Constitution and a representative government. The independent nation had many assets, but like any new country, it faced many problems. The Republic had many excellent leaders who guided the nation in dealing with these problems and to eventual statehood as a part of the United States.

GETTING READY FOR INSTRUCTION

Teachers are encouraged to supplement and substitute resources, materials, and activities to meet the needs of learners. These lessons are one approach to teaching the TEKS/Specificity as well as addressing the Performance Indicators associated with each unit. District personnel may create original lessons using the Content Creator in the Tools Tab. All originally authored lessons can be saved in the “My CSCOPE” Tab within the “My Content” area.

INSTRUCTIONAL PROCEDURES

Instructional Procedures Notes for Teacher ENGAGE – Making inferences based on a map NOTE: 1 Day = 50 minutes Suggested Day 1 ‒ 10 minutes

1. Provide background information to review the history to this point, Materials: reminding students that the Texans have just become independent from Mexico. This lesson looks at the issues the new republic Map of the Republic of Texas faced.

Last Updated 05/07/13 page 3 of 15 Print Date 06/20/2013 Printed By Karen Johnson, MIDLAND ISD Grade 4 Social Studies Unit: 07 Lesson: 01 Suggested Duration: 3 Days

2. Review the organization of the new republic, as designed in the TEKS: 4.6A, 4.8B Constitution and remind students it was much like that of the United States. 3. Display a map of the new Republic of Texas following the Texas Revolution. 4. Students analyze the map, thinking about the advantages and issues and infer advantages and issues that may arise. 5. List student input on the issues Texans will face as a nation and the advantages they will have. Students supply their reasoning. Discuss.

EXPLORE – Issues for the Republic of Texas Suggested Day 1 ‒ 30 minutes

1. Organize students into groups of three to four students Materials:

2. Distribute the Handout: The Republic of Texas Issues, on which Information about the successes, students’ record information about the Republic of Texas. problems, advantages, and the 3. Students read about the successes, problems, advantages, and organization of the Republic of Texas the organization of the Republic of Texas in the textbook and other Attachments: classroom materials. Students record notes on the Handout: The Republic of Texas Issues. Handout: The Republic of Texas 4. Teacher circulates, probing with questions, clarifying and Issues (1 per student) correcting misinformation and providing information as needed. Handout: Republic of Texas Cards (1 set per group, cut apart) 5. Provide each group a set of the Handout: Republic of Texas Teacher Resource: Lesson Activities Cards. KEY

6. Students organize the Handout: Republic of Texas Cards into TEKS: 4.3D, 4.15A 4.15B, 4.21B, 4.22D four categories – Political, Economic, Geographic, and Social based on the information on the cards. (Circulate to check student Instructional Note: work and make sure the organization of categories is correct.) For issues to be included: See answer 7. Students add or adjust information on their Handout: The key in the Engage section, the Republic of Texas Issues. (Note: See Teacher Resource: Handout: Republic of Texas Cards, Lesson Activities KEY) and issues discussed in your textbook,

which could include: debt, reliable money, trade difficulties, borders, to become a state or not, slavery issue, treaties, etc.

EXPLAIN – Defend an opinion Suggested Day 1 ‒ 10 minutes continued to Day 2, 10 minutes

1. Organize students into pairs. Materials

Last Updated 05/07/13 page 4 of 15 Print Date 06/20/2013 Printed By Karen Johnson, MIDLAND ISD Grade 4 Social Studies Unit: 07 Lesson: 01 Suggested Duration: 3 Days 2. Provide each student the Handout: Advantages, Challenges, Completed Handout: The Republic of and Organization of the Republic of Texas. Texas Issues from Explore 3. Students circle whether they think the information about the Attachments: Republic of Texas was an advantage or challenge. 4. In a class discussion, students defend their answers using Handout: Advantages, Challenges, evidence to support their answer. (The answer could be either an and Organization of the Republic of advantage or a challenge depending upon how they defend their Texas (1 per student) answer.) Handout: Advantages, Challenges, and Organization of the Republic of 5. Teacher clarifies information as needed, providing information on Texas KEY the issues as well as on the political figures, policies and results. Make connections to appropriate issues facing Texas today. 6. Students can change their choice, explaining (on the form) why they changed positions.

EXPLORE – Leaders of the Republic of Texas Suggested Day 2 (continued) 30 minutes

1. Organize students into small groups of three or four. Materials:

2. Students (individually, in pairs, or in small groups) gather paper (1 large piece per student) information about a president of the Republic of Texas. Use the Texas Library and Archives/Triumph textbook, other classroom materials, and appropriate online and Tragedy – Presidents of the materials. Republic of Texas 3. Students create a campaign poster for one or more of the Attachments: presidents (presidents can be assigned or students can choose). Teacher Resource: Rubric: Campaign Poster KEY is an optional Teacher Resource: Rubric: Campaign resource that may be used for this activity. Poster KEY (optional) 4. The poster should include: TEKS: 4.3C, 4.17D, 4.20A, 4.21C Name of Candidate (Sam Houston, Mirabeau Lamar, or Anson Jones) Instructional Note Important issues that face the candidate and his position on The election poster can be created on them a large piece of paper or electronically. Campaign Slogan The election poster can be evaluated Two reasons to elect him (include policies regarding the issues, using the Teacher Resource: Rubric: advantages, and problems) Campaign Poster KEY A person or group that supported the candidate (José Antonio Navarro and Gail Borden) and why they supported A visual (can be a drawing if printing options are limited) A statement summarizing the leadership the candidate will provide A statement (sentence) that explains why this person should be elected president.

5. Display the posters and conduct a gallery walk.

EXPLAIN – Press Conference Suggested Day 2 ‒10 minutes continued to Day 3 ‒ 20 minutes

1. Group students into 9 groups. Materials

2. Distribute an “issue card” to each group. (Use the cards from the Handout: Republic of Texas Cards Handout: Republic of Texas Cards)

Last Updated 05/07/13 page 5 of 15 Print Date 06/20/2013 Printed By Karen Johnson, MIDLAND ISD Grade 4 Social Studies Unit: 07 Lesson: 01 Suggested Duration: 3 Days Instructional Note 3. The group becomes a “candidate” and 1) presents the issue, 2) The group may divide the issue among the provides background, 3) describes complications, and 4) and members. Homework can include student provides a proposed resolution. preparation on their issue and the angle they are 4. On Day 3, the groups present. presenting. Allow time on Day 3 for combining information.

ELABORATE –Texas leaders and the issues of the Republic Suggested Day 3 ‒ 10 minutes

1. Facilitate a discussion where students synthesize their learning and provide answers to the guiding questions and statements, with evidence, supporting the Key Understanding

Leadership is crucial in creating a democratic government. — How did the issues, successes, and problems faced by the new republic affect the Republic of Texas? — How did the leadership of the Republic of Texas contribute to the creation of a democratic government?

EVALUATE – Performance Indicator Suggested Day 3 ‒ 20 minutes

Grade 4 Social Studies Unit07 PI01 Materials: Create a folded paper graphic organizer describing the successes and unlined paper (1 for each student) problems of the presidents of Texas. Explain in writing at least two ways the legacy of the Republic of Texas continues to impact Texas today. Instructional Note: Standard(s): 4.3C , 4.3D , 4.6A , 4.8B , 4.15A , 4.15B , 4.17D See Teacher Resource: P.I. KEY , 4.21B , 4.21C , 4.22D ELPS ELPS.c.5B

1. Provide students one piece of unlined paper.

2. Students create a three-tab book by folding the piece of paper in half along the length of the paper, and then fold as a trifold to create lines students cut to create tabs. See below.

Last Updated 05/07/13 page 6 of 15 Print Date 06/20/2013 Printed By Karen Johnson, MIDLAND ISD Grade 4 Social Studies Unit: 07 Lesson: 01 Republic of Texas Cards

Texas borrowed over $1 million to pay

for the war against Mexico. Texas had to repay this debt. They did not have the Political money. Texas leaders tried not to spend money, but the debt grew.

Life in Texas was much like life in the

United States. Texans owned businesses, farms and ranches. They Economic did fear attacks by Mexico and Indians, but life was good.

Texas was a large country with a small population. Texas gave this land away

Geographical and sold it to pay the nation’s debt. The large area was very difficult to protect

from Mexican and Indian attacks.

The Republic of Texas did not have a

capital. The capital moved around to different towns for three years. In 1839, Social Congress created a commission who chose Austin as the permanent capital.

Mexico never recognized Texas as an The new government was committed to

independent nation, and it rejected the education. President Lamar set aside 2

Treaty of Velasco. Mexico also continued million acres of land to be used for public

to attack Texas until Texas became a education.

part of the United States.

Texas had good leaders. Sam Houston Europeans countries recognized Texas

was elected first and third president. as an independent nation. France Mirabeau Lamar was the second opened an embassy (home of an

president. Anson Jones was elected the ambassador) in Austin. fourth and last president.

The Republic of Texas was similar to the

United States. In the Texas Constitution,

it says that representatives would be

elected, and there would be three

branches of government.

POLITICAL ECONOMIC

GEOGRAPHIC

Sam Houston was elected president twice of the Republic of Texas. He kept costs down, reorganized the Texas Rangers and organized the government Political of Texas. Mirabeau Lamar was elected the second president. He was known as

the Father of Education in Texas.

SOCIAL

The constitution of the Republic of Texas was influenced by the U.S. Constitution.

Political It was a representative government with

three branches of government. The leaders also expressed their wish to ask the United States to annex Texas.

Circle whether the information about the Republic of Texas was an advantage or challenge and explain your answer.

Information Circle One Explain Your Answer The government of Texas borrowed over $1 million from different countries Advantage to fight Mexico. Texas had to pay this debt and they did not have the money to pay it back. Texas leaders tried not Challenge to spend, but the debt grew over time.

The new government was committed to education. President Lamar set Advantage aside 2 million acres of land to be used for public education. It could also Challenge be political.

Texas was a large country with a small population. This meant there was land Advantage to sell to settlers to pay the nation’s debt, but it was very difficult to protect from attacks by Mexico and American Challenge Indians.

Europeans countries recognized Advantage Texas as an independent nation. France opened an embassy (home of an ambassador) in Austin. Challenge

Mexico never recognized Texas as an independent nation, and it rejected the Advantage Treaty of Velasco. Mexico also continued to attack Texas until Texas Challenge became a part of the United States.

Life in Texas was much like life in the United States. Texans owned Advantage businesses, farms and ranches. They did fear attacks by Mexico and Indians Challenge but life was good.

The Republic of Texas did not have a capital. The capital moved around to Advantage different towns for three years. In 1839, Congress created a commission who chose Austin as the permanent Challenge capital.

Texas had good leaders. Sam Houston was elected first and third Advantage president. Mirabeau Lamar was the second president. Anson Jones was Challenge elected the fourth and last president.

Circle whether the information about the Republic of Texas was an advantage or challenge and explain your answer.

The new government was committed to education. President Lamar set Advantage aside 2 million acres of land to be used for public education. It could also Challenge be political.

Europeans countries recognized Advantage Texas as an independent nation. France opened an embassy (home of an ambassador) in Austin. Challenge

Life in Texas was much like life in the United States. Texans owned Advantage businesses, farms and ranches. They did fear attacks by Mexico and Indians Challenge but life was good.

Texas had good leaders. Sam Houston was elected first and third Advantage president. Mirabeau Lamar was the second president. Anson Jones was Challenge elected the fourth and last president.

©2012, TESCCC 09/21/12 page 1 of 1 Grade 4 Social Studies Unit: 07 Lesson: 01 Advantages, Challenges, and Organization of the Republic of Texas KEY Circle whether the information about the Republic of Texas was an advantage or challenge and explain your answer.

Information Circle One Explain Your Answer The government of Texas borrowed over $1 million from different countries Advantage That was a lot of money to pay back. Trying to pay off to fight Mexico. Texas had to pay this past debt does not allow financing future needs of the debt and they did not have the money Challenge Republic of Texas. to pay it back. Texas leaders tried not to spend but the debt grew overtime.

The new government was committed to education. President Lamar set Advantage Education is the foundation to a democratic aside 2 million acres of land to be government. Planning for an education system was used for public education. It could also Challenge positive action for leaders. be political.

Texas was a large country with a small Advantage – Texas had a lot of land to sell for population. This meant there was land Advantage revenue and to open up to settlement. to sell to settlers to pay the nation’s debt, but it was very difficult to protect Challenge Challenge – It was difficult to protect the large area from attacks by Mexico and American land Indians.

Europeans countries recognized Other countries saw and treated Texas as a country Texas as an independent nation. Advantage that means if Texas needed help (financial or France opened an embassy (home of protection), there would be people to help them. an ambassador) in Austin. Challenge

Mexico never recognized Texas as an independent nation and it rejected the Advantage Due to the fact that Texas was not recognized as a Treaty of Velasco. Mexico also country by Mexico, Mexico still attacked Texas and continued to attack Texas until Texas Challenge destroyed property. became a part of the United States.

Life in Texas was much like life in the United States. Texans owned Advantage Life in Texas was good and people made a living. This businesses, farms and ranches. They led to people continually moving to Texas even though did fear attacks by Mexico and Indians Challenge there were some problems. but life was good.

The Republic of Texas did not have a capital. The capital moved around to Advantage different towns for three years. In Texas looked like and worked as a nation especially 1839, Congress created a commission Challenge since they had a permanent capital. who chose Austin as the permanent capital.

Texas had good leaders. Sam Houston was elected first and third Advantage Texas had good leaders that were making long term president. Mirabeau Lamar was the plans to make Texas a good place to live. second president. Anson Jones was Challenge elected the fourth and last president.

CATEGORY 5 3 1 TOTAL

Persuasive slogan Persuasive slogan A non-persuasive showing a showing somewhat slogan showing little Slogan relationship between of a relationship relationship between candidate and his between candidate candidate and his mission. and his mission. mission.

Content was accurate and correct Most content was Content was not Content showing depth of accurate and correct. accurate and correct. information.

Visual was effective A visual which There is a visual but Visual and illustrated somewhat illustrates does not illustrate candidate’s mission. candidate’s mission. candidate’s mission.

Statement does not Statement shows a Statement shows demonstrate depth of knowledge some knowledge knowledge about Statements about why the about why the why the candidate candidate should be candidate should be should be elected elected president. elected president. president.

Grammar Follows ELAR TEKS Follows ELAR TEKS Does not follow and and demonstrates and writing skills ELAR TEKS. Spelling good writing skills. somewhat.

25 – 16 Good Campaign 15 – 6 Working on Campaign 5 – 0 Campaign Needs to Re-Group

TOTAL

Lesson Activities KEY

EXPLORE – Issues for the Republic of Texas (Day 1)

The Republic of Texas Issues KEY The Republic of Texas was organized very much like the United States. The Texas Constitution was stated that representatives would be elected and there would be three branches of government. The Republic of Texas did not have a capital. The capital moved around to different towns for three years. In 1839, Congress created a commission who chose Austin as the permanent capital. Political Mexico never recognized Texas as an independent nation and it rejected the Treaty of Velasco. Mexico also continued to attack Texas until Texas became a part of the United States. Texas had good leaders. Sam Houston was elected first and third president. Mirabeau Lamar was the second presidents. Anson Jones was elected the fourth and last president. Europeans countries recognized Texas as an independent nation. France opened an embassy (home of an ambassador) in Austin. The government of Texas borrowed over $1 million from different countries to fight Mexico. Economic Texas had to pay this debt and they did not have the money to pay it back. Texas leaders tried not to spend but the debt grew over time. Texas was a large country with a small population. This meant there was land to sell to Geographic settlers to pay the nation’s debt, but it was very difficult to protect from attacks by Mexico and American Indians. Life in Texas was much like life in the United States. Texans owned businesses, farms and ranches. They did fear attacks by Mexico and Indians, but life was good. Social The new government was committed to education. President Lamar set aside 2 million acres of land to be used for public education. (It could also be political)

Grade 4 Social Studies Unit: 07 Lesson: 01

P.I. KEY

1. Students lift the tab to provide the following information: Under advantages – Students give two advantages of the Republic of Texas and the president that was part of that advantage. Under challenges – Students give two challenges of the Republic of Texas and the president that was part of that advantage. Under Organization – Students describe one characteristic of the government of Texas.

2. On the back, students finish this sentence summary: The Republic of Texas impacts Texas today in these ways: ______and 2. ______.

Answers will vary. Suggestions or ideas to be developed may include the following (others may be accepted, especially dependent on materials used and classroom discussions): The shape of Texas, boundaries Cities established Type of government, based largely on the U.S. government Texas Rangers Land set aside by Lamar for education See also the answer key in the Engage section, the Handout: Republic of Texas Cards, and other issues, which could include: debt, reliable money, trade difficulties, borders, to become a state or not, slavery issue, treaties.