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LANGLEY RESEARCH CENTER 2015

National Aeronautics and Space Administration Langley Research Center INNOVATION DRIVES THE JOURNEY Hampton, VA 23681

NP-2015-11-658-LaRC

www..gov Exploration and Space Technology ...... 2-3

Aeronautics ...... 4-5

Science ...... 6-9 ur work at NASA Langley Research Center propels the agency toward its many ambitious goals. Partnerships ...... 10-11 We are working to improve the air travel system, Education and which includes making the you fly on safer Outreach ...... 12-13 and more environmentally friendly. When you fly on an airplane, it’s likely that NASA-inspired technology is

Table of Contents Table onboard. Langley People ...... 16-17 We study the Earth’s atmosphere from the ground, the skies, Message Director’s Economics ...... 18-19 and space in an effort to better understand our changing planet. Milestones ...... 20-21 We’re developing technologies and capabilities that will be needed on the journey to and further into the solar system. Awards ...... 22 NASA Langley is, for example, advancing designs for expanded launch capabilities, developing next-generation deployable space structures, and partnering with Patents ...... 23 industry to analyze and test designs. In December 2014, NASA took a big step toward flight beyond Earth orbit when Roundup ...... 24-25 our crew capsule took its first test flight. The spacecraft orbited Earth twice to evaluate crew safety systems, including the heat shield, parachute system and Air and launch abort system – all of which Langley helped create. We’ve paired the heat Space Center...... 26 shield from that flight with a crew capsule mockup, and plan to conduct water- impact landing tests in the coming year. Langley Leadership ...... 28 Langley is also evaluating new aircraft designs and developing technologies to reduce aircraft noise around airports, improve fuel efficiency, and relieve air traffic congestion. Airplanes of the future may be built from more advanced composites to further reduce weight and improve safety. This year, researchers in one of our specialized labs bent, twisted and broke an entire aircraft section made of composite materials as part of an ongoing effort to mature them for the commercial market. And our scientists continue to investigate how climate change is impacting the planet. Next year, an instrument built at Langley will be attached to the International Space Station to study Earth’s protective ozone layer. Finally, Langley has decades of experience in building safe, reliable, robust, highly automated systems. NASA Langley is leveraging that experience and unique testing facilities to develop technologies for autonomous vehicle systems. A splash test of I invite you to turn the page and join us on our journey. Boeing’s CST-100 system, which is being developed for David Bowles carrying Director, to and from the NASA Langley Research Center International Space Station. The capsule could hold seven people.

NASA/Sandie Gibbs 1 NASA The first flight test of the Orion crew capsule sent it into two orbits around Earth as part of the development of a new space launch system for exploring Mars and beyond.

NASA/David C. Bowman Leading the Way to Future Space Flight The heat shield from the Orion crew capsule’s first test flight into space in 2014. It was delivered to Langley for testing and analysis. Langley focuses on research, technology, and systems Helping to support development of the commercial development to support sustainable human and robotic space industry, Langley continued to work with the Sierra exploration of space. From helping to develop pathways Nevada Corporation, the Boeing Company, and SpaceX Orion Heat Shield Completes Journey to Langley from Earth to Mars, improving designs for launch on analysis and testing to help advance their vehicles, and designing and building hypersonic-entry respective concepts for future spacecraft. After enduring searing temperatures near 4,000 degrees It’s exciting to have the Orion heat shield here and autonomous-landing systems, the center identifies Langley Key to Orion Success “ how Langley and its partners can help NASA achieve its Fahrenheit during Orion’s first flight test in December ... It’s the largest of its kind and has reentered ambitious space exploration goals. Langley continues to conduct extensive wind tunnel 2014, the spacecraft’s heat shield is just about ready to tests and perform analyses to fully understand the cool off at Langley’s Hydro Impact Basin. the atmosphere from a high energy orbit.” One of NASA’s most daunting challenges is how to aerodynamics and performance capabilities of NASA’s Exploration & Space Technology protect humans during a Mars mission. Beneath its Space Launch System. Langley researchers and Serving as Orion’s protector, the heat shield is designed — Project Chief Engineer, Jim Corliss hazy, pink sky, Mars is rocky, cold, and dry, with a thin engineers – who played a key role in development of the to keep astronauts and the spacecraft safe from the heat atmosphere inhospitable to unprotected terrestrial Orion Multi-Purpose Crew Vehicle – were instrumental it experiences when reentering the Earth’s atmosphere. ensure perfect unity.

Exploration & Space Technology life. The Martian surface bears witness to a formerly in the success of the Orion’s first launch in December The 16.5-foot diameter heat shield arrived at Langley in But the Journey to Oneness Wasn’t Easy volatile world where volcanoes once erupted, meteors 2014, known as the Exploration Flight Test–1 (EFT-1) June 2015 in preparation for water-impact tests next year. plowed deep craters, and flash floods raged. To enable mission. Langley researchers have been busy analyzing “It was challenging in the fact that we had to make sure the astronauts to one day safely tread its surface, many new data gathered during EFT-1’s two-orbit flight, as Orion During testing, engineers will drop-test an Orion crew pieces were aligned horizontally, vertically, rotationally technologies will need to be deployed. flew 3,600 miles above Earth at speeds exceeding module mockup integrated with the heat shield into the and then angularly,” explained project manager Ellen 20-foot-deep Hydro Impact Basin. Testing will simulate Developing Next-Generation Concepts 20,000 miles per hour. Carpenter. “I had no doubt, however, that the talent, various water landing scenarios in order to account Langley also provided critical support in development of knowledge and dedication from all of the team members In 2015, structural and high-temperature testing validated the Orion crew module heat shield that will be used in for different velocities, parachute Langley designs for a next-generation Mars atmospheric would allow us to complete the first initial fit check with future crewed missions. In June, the heat shield from the deployments, wave heights and wind entry system. Work continued on formulation of a high- the heat shield and crew module with flying colors.” EFT-1 Orion test article was delivered to Langley, and a the spacecraft could experience speed orbital reentry experiment to validate these new Many More Rewarding Challenges Followed Langley team has worked to install instrumentation in approaches. Langley is also working on advanced when landing in the Pacific preparation for a planned 2016 series of Orion water- lightweight structural concepts for reducing the mass Ocean on future missions. “After the initial integration, we moved onto instrumenting impact landing tests. of future launch vehicles, crew modules and space “It’s exciting to have the Orion the heat shield for about 160 channels worth of data habitats. Enhanced capabilities for robotic in-space heat shield here,” said the and conducted some static testing on the heat shield, assembly systems for longer missions beyond near- project’s chief engineer Jim to evaluate the accuracy of the heat shield computer Earth space are likewise being explored. Corliss. “It’s the largest of its kind model when subjected to well-defined static loading Ongoing work includes development of an advanced and has reentered the atmosphere conditions,” Carpenter said. Navigational Doppler Lidar (NDL) system to enable from a high energy orbit. It’s gratifying Towards the end of this year and at the beginning of next fully autonomous landings on the moon, Mars, and to know it’ll be used on our country’s next year, the team will perform the final integration activities, even asteroids. By detecting and evading dangerous crewed spacecraft.” insert test dummies, enclose the capsule and take it to obstacles such as rocks, craters and slopes, NDL enables spacecraft to touch down precisely and safely Upon arrival, Langley engineers dove right into inspecting the Hydro Impact Basin for a series of nine drop tests. on planetary surfaces. and performing pre-integration activities on the heat Even with all the work ahead, Carpenter feels humbled Langley led a concept development that defined shield, including solving the challenge of how to integrate by her and her team’s involvement. a potential NASA asteroid rendezvous and retrieval the crew module mockup with the heat shield. “The whole purpose of the project is knowing how water mission, demonstrating how asteroid-retrieval concepts The heat shield, which fit perfectly with the Orion landings will influence Orion,” Carpenter said. “The data might work in space. Additionally, studies were spacecraft flown during the first flight test, wasnot we receive will be used by Orion and prime contractor completed on prototype designs for rugged habitats to designed to mate with other versions of the crew module Lockheed Martin to prepare for future Orion missions to protect future crews from solar radiation storms during NASA deep space missions. Artist concept of the Orion crew capsule on its first flight test last year. so they built and fabricated additional equipment to places yet explored. It’s an exciting project to be a part of.”

2 3 4 Aeronautics o sud ie uh” ad R Poet aae Fay Manager Collier. “But Project shaving aircraft fuel consumption even a few ERA said much,” like sound not may percent two or one by use fuel reduce to “Solutions lessen fuelusagebyasmuch0.5percent. and percent 17 about by size tail vertical down scale to able be may designers aircraft future suggested Results studied aerodynamics. and tail, vertical 757’s what effectto determine rudder on tailand theyhad the on installed were called sweeping jet actuators. Thirty-one of the actuators Tail Flight Experiment, assessed the effect of tiny devices Vertical Enhanced Control Flow Active the project, One aviation technologies. airplane, partof a program to develop andtest innovative Boeing’s with experiments flight of 757 ecoDemonstrator Langley aeronautics researchers also concluded a series Reducing FuelUseandEmissions impact. among the innovations to reduce aviation’s environmental flight; and advanced software to emissions reduce air travel delays: all are fewer efficient, more for technologies next-generation materials; robust more Lighter, aviation. green words: two by remembered be might century 21st research intheseconddecadeof Applied aeronautics the ResearchisLeadingtoGreenerFlightAviation Boeing flew its ecoDemonstrator 757 research aircraft to Langley in June. In this image, researchers are counting the bugs that had smashed into the the into smashed had that bugs the drag. reduce counting and are insects repel will that researchers acoating develop to image, effort an this of part In as wings, June. in aircraft’s Langley to aircraft research 757 ecoDemonstrator its flew Boeing Langley crash-tested three Cessna 172 aircraft in 2015 to test five emergency locator transmitters. The transmitters send distress signals when an when signals distress send transmitters The transmitters. locator emergency crash-worthiness. their five improving of ways finds to test designed were to studies The 2015 crashes. in airplane aircraft 172 Cessna three crash-tested Langley mrv ET efrac b dmntaig practical ways toimprovetherobustnessofsystem. demonstrating to by designed performance ELT were improve studies structural Langley and The fire, compromise. impact, vibration, withstand must they conditions, extreme face transmitters the Because crash. different three in theeventofanairplane location identity and determine to signal distress on a ELTs transmit aircraft. 172 installed Cessna sensors data-collecting and cameras dummies, concluded test crash (ELTs), locator transmitters five emergency of also test crash final and researchers third the aeronautics Langley’s totheRescueElectronics noise during reducing airports, takeoffs andlandings. around efficient paths more flight creates which software, Routes Arrival Terminal for Spacing Airborne evaluated project third A over aircraft airflow tosmooth wings: anothermeansofreducingfuelconsumption. help and flight during be minimized could bug residue right wingtoseewhether applied to the leading edge slats of the ecoDemonstrator’s A second effort focused on tests of five different coatings protect theenvironmentfromharmfulemissions.” of dollarsandhelp percentage points cansavemillions NASA/David C. Bowman NASA/David NASA damaged the structure andthe damage stoppedwhere it just visually you can see instances where we intentionally “We’re studying the data we gathered during the tests, but damage andnotletitgetworse. will stopthe the stitchedcompositematerial design should any tears or holes appearinthe aircraft structure, A key feature of PRSEUS, according to engineers, is that emissions. harmful fewer in resulting fuel, less use planes Lighter also are Composites fuselage. much lighter than conventional airplane aluminum alloys. main the into blends seamlessly the wing in which built, suchasanairplane be to shapes aircraft unique allow could technology The Environmentally Responsible NASA’sAviation Project. of part was which PRSEUS, or Structure, Unitized Efficient Stitched Rod Pultruded Jegley ledtheresearchintotechnology, called Jegley.Dawn engineer NASA senior Langley “We hittheballoutofpark,allwayacross,”said Initial resultsshowitsurvivedthetestwell. NASA Langley’s Combined Loads Test System (COLTS). in beyond and point stressed tothebreaking twisted and bent, spent weeksbeing material rods ofcomposite An aircraftsectionbuiltbystitchingtogetherlayersand Stressed totheBreakingPoint intheNameofSafety A view of PRSEUS being lowered into Langley’s COLTS facility for testing. for COLTS Langley’s facility into of lowered A PRSEUSview being is stillmorework tobedone,”Jegleysaid. “This brings the technology up to a certain level, but there best tomanufactureincreasingly largerstructures. and information abouthowthe materials behaveandhow assembled was provided and itself 4-foot-cube proved idea the step each At tested. a then and tested and manufactured were panels which during evolution PRSEUS step-by-step multi-year, a followed tests The took placebetweenJanuaryandJune. 30-foot-section the Testingpaces. of their through parts torture chamber usedbyresearchersto put aerospace powered test fixture that essentially serves as an aircraft At Langley it was installed in COLTS, a large, hydraulically NASA’s SuperGuppycargo plane. on 2014 December in Virginia to flown and California in 14 feet high. It was built by Boeing Research and wide feet & eight long, feet 30 stretching and Technologytogether 11was Langley at assembled tested panels section The like acharm,”shesaid. worked still it failed finally it as Even flight. in see never would you levels to it exposing by were structure the of limits ultimate the what out find to tests bonus some did “Then having covered all the tests we intended to do, we was supposedto,”Jegleysaid. NASA/David C. Bowman NASA/David

5 Aeronautics SAGE III Heads toward International Space Station Science Science

NASA NASA Langley scientists take balloon-borne measurements of the atmosphere Langley participated in a multi-agency field campaigning in the mid- during a research mission in Asia. western U.S. to study why storms often form after the sun goes down. Making Atmospheric Discoveries

Earth is a complex, dynamic system we do not yet fully of the Asian Tropopause Aerosol Layer, a recurring understand. The Earth system, like the human body, atmospheric feature in July and August. comprises diverse components that interact in complex SAGE III Ready for Launch ways. We need to understand the Earth’s atmosphere to International Space Station to understand Earth’s connected system. Our planet is changing on many scales, and through our research in More than 25 years ago, scientists realized that Earth’s climate, active remote sensing, atmospheric composition protective layer of ozone, which acts as a sunscreen, and air quality, NASA Langley makes atmospheric was thinning. Building on a legacy going back to 1975, discoveries that lead to a safer planet and a better thus began the family of instruments known as the tomorrow. Stratospheric Aerosol and Gas Experiment (SAGE). The latest one – SAGE III on the International Space Station A Community of Science (SAGE III on ISS), will continue studying ozone and other Global challenges, such as climate change, cannot gases in the upper atmosphere. be solved by individuals or single organizations; they Over the past six years, Langley researchers painstakingly require a diverse set of national and international prepared the instrument to collect data from an eventual expertise. NASA Langley actively seeks to create strong perch on the exterior of the space station. Throughout partnerships capable of addressing issues that impact 2015, the SAGE III on ISS team passed many critical our home planet. milestones, leading to shipment of the instrument to Langley’s Chemistry and Physics Atmospheric Boundary NASA’s in November. It is Layer Experiment (CAPABLE) site, a ground-based scheduled for launch to the space station in 2016. observation site that studies atmospheric conditions in the Tidewater region of Virginia, extended an air quality monitoring partnership with the state Department of Environmental Quality for another five years. The complementary sets of measurements will support research efforts for NASA’s Tropospheric Emissions: Monitoring of Pollution (TEMPO) mission and for continuing research between NASA and the state. NASA took to the skies of the Great Plains states to find out why so many summer storm systems there form after sunset instead of during the day. The multi-agency field campaign called Plains Elevated Convection At Night (PECAN), was sponsored by the National Science Foundation, the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, NASA, and the Department of Energy. Scientists traveled to India and Saudi Arabia to collaborate with partners from the University of Wyoming, the National Atmosphere Research Laboratory in Photos: NASA/David C. Bowman

Gadanki, India; the Tata Institute of Fundamental NASA/David C. Bowman Research in Hyderabad, Baranas Hindu University in Technicians and engineers prepare Langley’s Stratospheric Aerosol and Gas Varanasi, and the King Abdullah University of Science Langley’s SAGE III on ISS instrument is scheduled to be attached to the Experiment III on the International Space Station, or SAGE III on ISS, for shipment to International Space Station in 2016 to study Earth’s ozone layer from Kennedy Space Center. It was shipped to Kennedy in November, where it is scheduled and Technology, to take balloon-borne measurements space. It’s shown here just before shipping to Kennedy Space Center. to blast into orbit in 2016 aboard a SpaceX Falcon 9 rocket.

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East in cooking solar Energy (SSE) to help an organization that was promoting from satellites in a user-friendly form called Surface Solar NASA when data solar-energy offered first 1990s, Center Research Langley late the in change to began That ways theycoulduse.” in the productswerenevermadeavailable because partly that’s “And project. (POWER) Resource Energy NASA’sof investigator Worldwideprincipal Of Prediction Stackhouse, Paul those said existed,” they but knew never years, users for products these produced “We’ve places, reliabledatahasbeenhardtocomeby. temperature, precipitation and other factors. But in many about wind, information given locations,alongwith reaches the ground in knowing howmuchsunlight dependon and agriculture of fields green energy,design building the in make people Many of the decisions that gas emissionsreduced. greenhouse- see to wants who the world around and everyone in Florida,farmers Africa buildings architects designing India, in plants solar-power of operators the are so And practical for applications, WickedJoeisreapingthebenefits. data satellite-derived tailors NASA a that to website thanks But years. the over orbit Earth into in mindasthe agency launchedhundredsof instruments NASA didn’t have Wicked Joe Coffee Roasting Company Using NASA’s toHelpSmallBusinesses BigData precipitation andotherfactors. precipitation wind, about information temperature, locations, ingiven the ground alongwith knowing howmuchsunlightreaches dependon design andagriculture green energy,in thefieldsof building peoplemake ofthedecisions that Many the spinoffs.” those are benefits, climate the benefits, environmental for people from an economic standpoint,” Leng said, “the year. every no-brainer a it make can you if been, has argument “Our atmosphere the of out gases greenhouse system for its facility in Topsham, Maine. In doing so, it so, doing In Topsham,Maine. in facility its for system solar-energy a evaluate to RETScreen used Joe Wicked The needs fromNASA’s POWERwebsite. succeed. it data to the retrieves likely automatically software more RETScreen projects can on resources focused so be cost-effective not are that projects bu 2 mlin erc os of tons metric million 20 about keep RETScreen by supported projects the that estimated also billion dollars,” Leng said. And he $10 to billion $8 conservatively it’s know “We tool? software this How much Energy have users saved with Clean Decision SupportCenter. RETScreen of International director Leng, Greg to according world, the of in manycountriesandterritories users 430,000 than more joined learn how cosmic rays deposit energy in Earth’s upper atmosphere. atmosphere. upper Earth’s in energy deposit rays cosmic how learn Above: Cutright, center, follow the balloon’s progress from NASA Langley’s Flight Mission Support Center. Support Mission Flight Langley’s NASA from progress balloon’s the follow center, Cutright, NASA Langley’s high-altitude balloon project, known as the Radiation Dosimetry Experiment (RaD-X), launched from New Mexico to New from Mexico (RaD-X), launched Experiment Dosimetry as the Radiation known project, balloon high-altitude NASA Langley’s Inset: Inset: Members of the RaD-X team, including project engineer Amanda Amanda engineer project including team, RaD-X of the Members NASA NASA/David C. Bowman NASA/David 9 Science 10 Partnerships acigfn ivsmns Sae niomn Tech- Environment Space investments, matching-fund leveraging by and partnerships, SBIR Langley Through million. small involving 140 active SBIR and STTR contracts worth $59 high-tech efforts research oversaw successful Langley 2015, In promotes businesses. and in invests the Through NASATechnologyPrograms, Business (STTR) Transfer advance. Small and (SBIR) technological Research Innovation Business Small to critical are and researchinstitutions American smallbusinesses Small BusinessInnovation their clients. the for products todeploy new introduce they as technology Langley intends company The efficiently. more GIS custom developing to managetheirspace organizations tools thatenable in 800 specializes Langley’s VSolvit across acres. management facility handle to Langley Teamat (GIS) System Information Geographic This Tool. Visualization Space by the developed software systemwasoriginally and NASA’s Optimization for agreement Utilization exclusive LLC, was an VSolvit, granted California-based the firm, Another nuclear powerplantsandstoragefacilities. within control systemsforsevereaccidentmonitoring and instrumentation advanced develop to Langley with license June exclusive partially In a signed product. company the commercial 2015, a with forward inventors, move to the to access and waseasilyabletoobtaintheneededinformation given was GLSEQ power plants. nuclear in technology sensor wireless Langley’s SansEC for agreement license evaluation an signed GLSEQ 2013, In by Alabama. Huntsville, of made LLC, was GLSEQ, transition successful a of example One will fitwiththeirbusinessdevelopmentgoals. licenses Evaluation involved. provide companiesthetimetolearnifagiveninnovation technology the at look closer a take to need first that but inventions, Langley’s popular toolfor companies interested incommercializing licenses havebecomea In recentyears,evaluation Successes Partnership which technologies have additional commercial potential. evaluate Langley’s high-tech patent portfolio to determine and Entrepreneurship Center in Williamsburg, Virginia, to College of William and Mary’s Mason School of Business the in students graduate with collaborated has Langley and improvingthebalanceoftrade. jobs, creating competitiveness, increasing by nation the to technologies benefit the maximizing available, broadly are science that and aeronautics exploration, ensures government in missions for developed other so and Doing academia, organizations. industry, expertise property. and U.S. technology intellectual to NASA’s of transfers licensing Langley and partnerships NASA of value the through collaboration, technologies developed increasing on focused is Langley NASA TechnologyBroadly Available Making at for use in nuclear power plants. power nuclear in use for at that SansEC GLSEQ is in technology a is sensor Alabama looking wireless NASA’s Radiation Dosimetry Experiment instrument shown above will will above shown industry. airline the for information exposure instrument radiation provide Experiment Dosimetry Radiation NASA’s NASA windtunnels. more accuratetests in to ensure sensors andprobes System; durable vehicles for future space missions; and provided Transportation Air Generation weight, more lighter to enable materials nano developed Next the for companies Dosimetry Other industry. developed Radiation a airline voice-activated cockpit-management system the NASA’s for information of tocollect support Experiment, and soon will dosimeter be in providing radiation exposure a radiation data flew LLC nologies, NASA/Sandie Gibbs NASA Northwest Territories. Canada’s of section remote a in conducted Testswere solutions usinganumberof testanddesignmethods. Langley immediately beganscreening candidatematerials NASA at interns student and for Fody Josh lead Heating Convective for Improvement for Emergency stands Fire Shelters. CHIEFS team which CHIEFS, called partnership a formed team T&D the and NASA by extensivedirectflamecontact. shelters damaged be can fire but lives, firefighter many says saved have Service amountof Forest The acertain air. breathable and provide They heat ends. radiant rounded reflect tents, with half-cylinder cloth a aluminized like shaped are versions Service Forest showers. ember and/or smoke heat, from themselves and needtoprotect rare eventthattheygettrapped inthe fireshelters personal carry firefighters Wildland time.” said better fire shelter,” a at NASA’scome “So have Petrilli. not could call personal firefighter wildland current to the strength, especiallyascompared still maintaining components that might improve heatprotectionwhile or laminates into materials, market research doing been “Our Technology and Development Program had already improved shelterby2018. an of producing with thegoal technology materials new and design shelter fire the reviewing already was team and Mary Ann Davies. The NASA researchers found the Petrilli Anthony leads Project Shelter Fire and Montana Technology and Development Center (T&D) in Missoula, National Service’s Forest the to them led interest Their so theysentanemailtotheForestService. start, to where exactly sure weren’t Calomino and She we hadspentyearsdeveloping?” cloaked insomeof the spacecraft heatshieldmaterials save them,” said Wusk. “What if the firefighters had been am sure other people did,whatcouldhavebeendoneto I like just thought, I and news the watching was “I in anattempttosurviveduringthe Yarnell Hillfire. Mountain Granite Hotshots were trapped elite and used emergency the fire shelters of Members Arizona 2013. in central June in firefighters 19 of loss the following Calomino Anthony Service Forest the to out Wusk,reached Beth Mary and researchers, Langley NASA Two firefighters protect to caught inaragingforestfire. work also could vehicles entry thermal flexible for space if protection systemtechnologybeingdeveloped see to Service Forest Agriculture’s of Department U.S. the with working is Langley NASA survive better dangerous wildfires. firefighters wildland help and systems shelter fire personal improve day some may materials space high-temperature flexible, into research Langley Langley Technology MayHelpProtectFirefighters Photos: U.S. Forest Service/Ian Grob Service/Ian Forest U.S. Photos: Upper inset: members Kamran Daryabeigi, Mary Beth Wusk and and Wusk part. took photo, this in Fody, Beth seen Josh Mary Daryabeigi, Kamran members of University the in in September, Edmonton 2015. at Alberta CHIEFs team testing flame-on direct, rigorous June. in fire Canada Lower in inset: wildland Providence realistic Fort near in conditions concepts tent fire personal of anumber tested researchers Alberta of University

Personal fire tent prototypes faced more more faced prototypes tent fire Personal NASA Langley, U.S. Forest Service and and Service Forest U.S. Langley, NASA 11 Partnerships 12 Education and Outreach At the Rockets 2Racecars Rockets At the Cloud Observations Online (S’COOL) program. Science program. (S’COOL) Online Observations Cloud Students’ Langley’s The year-round through taught students images. is to internationally that satellite one with is concept data observation their compare and ground the from clouds identify to scientists NASA with up teamed SciGirls PBS “SkyGirls,” titled, episode an In lives. everyday their in work to engineering and science putting girls curious bright, highlights that show Service Broadcasting Public a with partnered scientists Langley Soar SciGirls and Hampshire New York, London, England. New Mexico, New in and region five-state the in museums to items exhibit NASA Langley worked with 25 museums in the past year to loan to experts virtually interactwithstudentsandteachers. matter subject Network Langley Learning allows which Digital (DLN) agency’s the via further is enhanced reach education Langley’s scientists researchers. of and generation next the to Langley education (STEM) Consortium, Grant Space promotes science,technology,and math engineering Virginia the Aerospace of and Institute National the with Collaborating of socialmediaandanactivespeakersbureau. ments through South exhibits accomplish- at events and museums, a its variety of and public the Carolina, informs Langley Carolina, North Kentucky, Virginia, West Virginia, of region five-state its in events in Participating theNextGeneration Inspiring andEducating ™ event in Richmond, Virginia, Langley staffers use hands-on activities to illustrate technology shared by rockets and racecars. and rockets by shared technology illustrate to activities hands-on use staffers Langley Virginia, Richmond, in event aims to develop learning aims todevelop that AnOTHER” to Hand One Williams’ initiative known as “From in support of musician Pharrell Langley took part in an outreach event YouthFuture Reaching —Our Wellness DayandaStarParty. News tocelebratePlanetarium The Virginia Living Museum in Newport helped also Langley fields. STEM in interest encourage to thousands oflocalstudents and activities reached educational exhibits (CIAA) Intercollegiate Tournament, Association Central Athletic the During members. community for activities educational and exhibits Langley featured also Carolina and North Raleigh, research in Days technologies, Astronomy discoveries. space missions, NASA about spoke specialists Langley Roanoke. in Virginia of Festival Science annual second the supported Langley Science Festivals Model Training sessionataNASA center. Role SciGirls first the hosted they 2015, In employees. other train to platform a as SciGirls use now educators Dover, DelawareandRichmond,Virginia. exhibits The were tires. featured at rover races planetary in and Pocono, Pennsylvania, shuttle space racecar, gloves staffed worn byJohnson,andastronautspacesuits,aswell driving and Langley suit racing spaceflight. a showcasing and exhibits racing topics by STEM shared with excitement and celebrity racing’s matches program Racecars” 2 “Rockets the for Racing JJ Johnson’s Jimmy driver racecar with partnership A Rockets 2Racecars homeless shelter. a in lived time one at who researcher, Langley a from shelter to provide acentertourandencouragement Virginia. the News, Langley of also Newport reached out to youth in children living in a for community homeless surrounding Day Career University’s Newport Langley provided displays and activities for Christopher exhibits and facility tours. To promote careers in STEM, which Day, interactive activities, YouthSTEM hands-on 30-plus included Langley’s attended families their and children July, In youth. underserved for programs day. right: Bottom Facility Flight Wallops at rocket asounding on launched that payloads Below right: project. Right: intently (VASTS) focuses Scholars Technology Top right: 2015.of summer the over drone the flight-tested and built designed, group The research. team-based using experience a real-world engineers by gives aspiring NASA. The program sponsored program aeronautics anew in participants are adrone, as known also Above: Richmond International Raceway. Johnson and Langley have a have Langley and Johnson Raceway. International Richmond at parents their and fans race young to speaks Johnson Left: Space Act agreement allowing NASA Rockets 2 Racecars™ Racecars™ 2 Rockets NASA allowing agreement Act Space Six-time NASCAR Sprint Cup Series champion Jimmy Jimmy champion Series Cup Sprint NASCAR Six-time Langley employees help the community in a Day of Caring Caring of Day a in community the help employees Langley content to be featured at his appearances. his at featured be to content Pictured with their design of an Unmanned Aircraft System, System, Aircraft Unmanned an of design their with Pictured A participant in Langley’s Virginia Aerospace Science and and Science Aerospace Virginia Langley’s in participant A Langley interns during an interview after working on on working after interview an during interns Langley A Langley engineer talks with students during a career career a during students with talks engineer Langley A Photos: NASA/David C. Bowman NASA/David Photos: 13 Education and Outreach NASA-Boeing Partnership Making Flight Safer, More Environmentally Friendly

NASA/David C. Bowman

Boeing flew its ecoDemonstrator 757 research aircraft to Langley in June so employees could tour it and learn how the Through the partnership, Langley teams ran a pair of recent experiments aboard the aircraft, a commercial airliner retrofitted to collaboration between the company and NASA is helping improve the safety and environmental friendliness of future aircraft. test technologies intended to make future aircraft lighter, smarter and more efficient.

14 15 16 Langley People Garfield Creary Garfield D areas forfuture opportunities. time, whileinvestingintheworkforce tobuildskillsinemerging maintain andprovide theright skillsattherightmix future, the Center strategy for workforce development is to employees supportedNASALangley. Inpreparing forthe In 2015,approximately 1,900 civilservantsand1,600contract and clericalstaff withvarying degrees ofeducation. scientists, engineers,technicians,administrativeprofessionals A Diverse Workforce DrivesLangleySuccess Education and occupation distribution numbers apply to 1,895 Langley succeeds.Langley’s workforce ismadeupof iversity is key to ensuring that a large organization like NASA Occupation Distribution Clerical 2% Clerical 10% Technician College: 5 College: Some Certificate, Study Advanced School, High Education Distribution % Professional Degree 32% Professional Advanced Work, Course Masters Post Masters, Two 14% Years College than More Associates, Richard Ferrare Richard Professional 23% Administrative civil servants only. Data is not collected for contractors. for collected not is Data only. servants civil

Post Doctorate 21% Doctorate Post Doctorate, Scientist &Engineer Scientist 65%

Bachelors, C our s e Wor k k 26% Wor e s our C Post Bachelors

Mark Agate and Bill Fredericks Bill and Agate Mark

Eric Queen Eric Pimienta-Penalver Adonis Kaitlin Liles Richard Rawls Richard Alok Schrestha Alok NASA/Bill Ingals NASA/Bill Photos by David C.Bowman except where noted where except C.Bowman David by Photos Aeronautics SolutionsProjectatLangley. Debbie Martinez, execution manager for the Convergent to went AwardGovernment in Achievement Career The philosophy degreesfromVirginia Tech. of doctor and master’s and Philippines, the in University Manila de Ateneo from degree bachelor’s a has Siochi illustrate abstractconcepts.” to art creating or content technical complex understand better teaching, writingstoriestohelppeople animation, computer designing it’s whether — STEM to contribute at the samething,butweallhavestrengthsthat can good is everybody “Not said. Siochi passion,” your “Find scientist who hasbeenwithNASA for25years. materials senior a Siochi, Mia to went Award Government in TechnicalContribution Outstanding The and isagraduateoftheSimmonsFellowshipProgram. a has years, 25 bachelor’s degree for from Old NASADominion University at in Norfolk worked has who Applin, because theskyisnolongerlimit.” journey, the enjoy and passion, their self-discovery,find of journey their embrace to students tell I passion. my became which to engineering me led “This said. Applin math,” technology,and engineering science, are, encompasses “Everything wedo,allthat Engineering the Directorate. in Systems Director forFlight Associate to Leadership Boatwright Junilla went acting Applin, Award Government Managerial in The their contributionstoSTEM. for recognized NASA across five among were employees Langley Three science. and aeronautics exploration, in mark their make trails for future generations to blazing and (STEM), math and science, technology, engineering and careersin education pursuing More andmorewomenare Five NASA Women Awarded for Work inSTEM Fields Brian Stewart Brian From left, Debbie Martinez, Junilla Boatwright Applin, Langley Director David Bowles, and Mia Siochi. Mia and Bowles, David Director Langley Applin, Boatwright Junilla Martinez, Debbie left, From Garry Qualls Garry can contributetoSTEM” the samething, strengthsthat butweallhave “Find yourpassion... isgoodat Noteverybody ln Rsac Cne i Ceead ad Delene at NASA’s and JohnsonSpaceCenterinHouston. Cleveland; Procurement of Office the of in director associate Sedillo, Maria Center were Research awards Glenn receive NASA’s at specialist program to education an Arredondo, women other Two degreefromOldDominionUniversity.master’s a and Beach, Florida in Daytona University Aeronautical Embry-Riddle from degree bachelor’s a has Martinez quieter aircraft.” to or music work inacousticsto and engineering design to work inbiomechanics engineering and mechanical biology combining it’s example, for whether, – options many so are “There said. Martinez STEM,” in available others and Solimar, daughter,is to investigate allthe different and diverseareas my tell I inengineering What was school. I when than fields technical the in “There are so many more opportunities now for students Megan McKeown Megan ­—Siochi Mia NASA/Melvin Ferebee NASA/Melvin 17 Langley People 18 Economics NASA/George Homich NASA/George City ofNewportNews. Christopher NewportUniversity University ofMaineSystem. Purdue University University ofMaryland University ofSouthCarolina Old DominionUniversityResearch Judiciary CourtsoftheCommonwealth Pennsylvania StateUniversity University ofCalifornia,SanDiego Regents oftheUniversityColorado Department ofthe Air Force. Massachusetts Instituteof Technology The Aerospace Corporation Georgia Tech ResearchCorp.. Smithsonian Institution Universities SpaceResearch Assoc. . Texas StateUniversity. University of Texas at Austin . Oregon StateUniversity. U.S. Army CorpsofEngineers Bermuda InstituteofOceanSciences. City ofHampton. Regents oftheUniversityMichigan National Instituteof Aerospace . Top Nonprofit andEducationObligations Exelis, Inc.. Analytical Mechanics Associates . Jacobs Technology Top BusinessObligations Science Systemsand Applications Ball Aerospace & Technologies Corp. The BoeingCompany Unisys Corp.. Whitestone Group,Inc., Inuteq, LLC. Mission Technologies, Inc. Cornell Technical Services,LLC. Dominion Virgina Power Gentech PartnersJointVenture . SGT, Inc. Straughan Environmental,Inc. Aurora FlightSciencesCorp. Alutiiq 3SG,LLC. Science and Technology Corp. Science Applications International NSR-Integrity JointVenture, LLC. Airborne SystemsNorth America . Lockheed MartinCorp. Dyncorp International,LLC HP EnterpriseServices,LLC. Modern Machineand Tool Company, Inc...... 1,672,117 ...... $70,680,552 $23,303,365 . .. 60,606,024 42,127,349 39,629,314 38,037,274 17,635,256 24,827,298 34,308,982 4,546,577 7,910,000 5,937,860 9,914,939 1,879,676 2,022,213 3,418,645 1,814,091 2,982,508 1,768,482 1,638,352 1,548,547 1,268,257 1,288,699 1,467,410 8,000,117 1,513,114 1,198,681 1,285,000 1,240,721 1,646,058 1,679,120 2,003,778 2,356,574 2,906,088 3,019,195 3,262,837 3,597,957 4,609,151 5,862,001 8,589,516 541,865 595,706 620,910 627,889 755,015 775,072 777,687 865,000 985,173 Following EconomicImpact NASA Wallops Generatedthe that supported1,852jobs. million $221.4 was impact economic the Virginia, In • that supported5,693jobs. million $802.1 was impact economic the U.S., the In • million thatsupported7,952jobs $957.2 was impact economic the Roads, Hampton In • supported 8,876jobs. that billion $1.1 was impact economic the Virginia, In • supported 17,429jobs. that billion $2.3 was impact economic the U.S., the In • Following EconomicImpacts NASA LangleyGeneratedthe state's EasternShore. combined the WallopsVirginia,on and Hampton, Facility in Flight the includes the Center Research Langley NASA's at in activity of impact effects as same The the year. 2015, previous in billion $3.1 economic of an impact generated operations Virginia NASA's Economic Impactin2015 Langley SpendingbyState .

$35 $755 Dollars inMillions Langley Funding $790 2011 funds Appropriated $37 $809 2012 $846 $38 $705 2013 $743 Others Work for $30 $819 2014

$849 2015 $806 $842 $36 19 EconomicsEconomics Hall of Honor Langley Pilot Honored Members Enshrined Former Langley pilot Rob Rivers was John Becker, at age 101, was one of inducted into the Virginia Aviation Hall of 19 aerospace legends inducted into Fame in 2015. Rivers is the only person the Langley Research Center NACA in the world to have flown and tested and NASA Hall of Honor in August. both the Concorde and Russian TU-144 Milestones “It’s like a dream,” he said. Becker supersonic transports. He was a research Milestones was recognized for his pioneering pilot at Langley from 1990 to 2004, and contributions to the technology of also worked at NASA’s Johnson Space hypersonic flight. Center.

NASA/David C. Bowman NASA

NACA Sign on Display These wings were presented to Smithsonian National Air and Space Museum’s Director Gen. Jack Dailey by NASA Administrator Charlie Bolden in honor of the 100th Anniversary of the NACA. The wings are on display at the museum.

50-Year Partnership Langley Named Heritage Site As part of a 50-year research NASA Administrator Charlie Bolden, collaboration with the U.S. Army, Langley Center Director Dave Bowles, a scale powered model of an AHS-International Executive Director advanced Army Kiowa Warrior Mike Hirschberg and NASA Associate helicopter was tested in NASA Administrator for Aeronautics Jaiwon Langley’s 14- by 22-Foot Subsonic Shin show the Vertical Flight Heritage Tunnel. Site plaque awarded to Langley at a ceremony in May,

NASA NASA/David C. Bowman

20 21 22 Recognitions Employees RecognizedforContributions Employees (IGAC) Scientific Steering Committee (SSC). GlobalAtmosphericChemistry International Branch, wasselectedtoserveonthe James Crawford, ChemistryandDynamics Laureate MeetinginLindau,Germany. selected toattendthe65thLindauNobel Noel Baker, ClimateScienceBranch,was Branch, Ali Omar, AtmosphericComposition Outstanding Technical Contribution Award. & Processing Branch,received an Emilie Siochi,AdvancedMaterials Career AchievementAward. Technology’s 2014PioneerAward and a the ODUBattenCollegeofEngineering& Debbie Martínez, ARMD Projects, received Symposium atMonterey, CA. ReliabilityandPhysics IEEE International was thetechnicalprogram chairfor2015 Yuan Chen, Electronic Systems Branch, HPC InnovationExcellenceAward. SuperComputing ‘14 Conference with an Mechanical Associateswere honored atthe Ames; andRaymondMineck,Analytical Corporation; AeroSciences Branch; Mehdi Khorrami,Computational Reduction Program. and Coatings(ESMC)forAircraft Drag for theEngineered Surfaces,Materials, Force Research Lab advisory committee Branch, wasselectedtoserveonanAir Steve Wilkinson,FlowPhysicsandControl Council ofUnderwritersLaboratories. Branch, wasinvitedtojointheBatterySafety Guillermo Gonzalez,Electronic Systems University. Department atNorthCarolina State Mechanical andAerospace Engineering inducted intotheHallofFamefor Beach, formerAssistantDirector were Studies, Lin Chambers,ClimateandRadiation Optical Society(OSA). Virginia, hasbeenelectedfellowofthe (NIA) LangleyProfessor, University of Mool Gupta, National Institute of Aerospace Associate Fellow. Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics (AIAA) anAmerican elected was office, Game ChangingDevelopmentProgram Steve Gaddis,Program Managerforthe World ClimateResearch Programme. their RoleinClimate,acore project ofthe Stratosphere-Troposphere Processes And Role inClimate(SSiRC)activityunder StratosphericSulfurandits International Branch, servedascochairofthe Larry Thomason,Chemistry&Dynamics Environmental Change(GEC)Session. American GeophysicalUnion(AGU)Global waselectedsecretary ofthe Ann Carlson,retiree, andLee Patrick Moran,NASA Ehab Fares, Exa Associates; Branch; Richard Ferrare, AtmosphericComposition University ofMaine,currently atGSFC; Atlantic University;IvonaCetinic, Institute; Stockley, Systems andApplicationsInc.;Nicole & SensorsBranch;JamesCollins,Science Branch; Berkoff, AtmosphericComposition Sensing Flight SystemsBranch; Harperand andRichard Hare, Remote Systems andApplicationsInc.;David State University;Carolyn Butler, Science Branch; Yongxiang Hu,AtmosphericComposition Johnathan Hair, ChrisHostetlerand andTexas).”DISCOVER-AQ 2013(California HSRL-2 andIn-SituMeasurements during Optical andMicrophysical Retrievalsfrom New York for“ComparisonofAerosol LaserRadarConferenceInternational in received thebestposteraward atthe27th Anderson, Chemistry&DynamicsBranch; Ziemba, Atmospheric CompositionBranch;Luke Richard Ferrare andChrisHostetler, Chemyakin, SSAI; Muller, UniversityofHertfordshire; Eduard Atmospheric CompositionBranch;Detlef Patricia SawamuraandRichard Moore, Aerodynamics Technical Committee. for Configurations” Applied Aerodynamics oftheAIAAApplied Aircraft Supersonic of Low-Boom Prediction Certification and paper award for “Uncertainty Quantification AeroSciences Branchreceived abest Branch; andMichaelPark,Computational William Kleb,ComputationalAeroSciences Eric Walker, Research Directorate; Thomas West IV, Vehicle AnalysisBranch; Roads SeaLevelRisePilotProject. Science AdvisoryBoard fortheHampton selected to serve as an advisor for the Change andResiliencyCommission was electedtoserveontheVirginia Climate Patrick Taylor, Climate Science Branch, received aManagerialLeadershipAward. Engineering &MethodsBranch Junilla BoatwrightApplin,Systems Steve Gaddis Steve Terry Mack, Analytical Mechanics Anthony Cook,Electromagnetics Andreas BeyersdorfandBruce Michael Behrenfeld, Oregon Michael Twardowski, Florida Harbor BranchOceanographic Kathleen Powell,Atmospheric Sharon Burton, Noel Baker Noel Timothy

Professional papercompetition for“Mod Section AIAALaurence J. BementYoung won first place in the 2015 Damage Tolerance andReliabilityBranch, Aerospace (NIA)researcher intheDurability, Nelson DeCarvalho,NationalInstituteof Projects FundedbyNASA.” ClimateEducation a PortfolioofExternal Context, andReality:Meta-Evaluationof Conference for“Plans,Approaches, Needs, at theAmericanEvaluationAssociation Branch, received bestposterpresentation Ann Martin,Chemistry&Dynamics on Transport, Atmospheres, andClimate. Project,” Conference atthe4thInternational Measured Duringthe2013-2014ACCESS Situ Measurements of Aircraft Exhaust presentation byayoungscientistfor“In Branch, wasacowinnerforbestoral Richard Moore, AtmosphericComposition Rotational CARS.” “Pressure MonitoringusingHybridfs/ps at theAIAAAviation 2015inDallasfor Committee (AMTTC)BestPaperAward Measurement Technology Technical received theAIAAAerodynamic Measurements &DataSystemsBranch Laboratories andPaulDanehy, Advanced Sean Kearney, SandiaNational Dallas, Texas. Aeronautics ForumandExpositionat committee attheAIAAAviation and by theAIAAThermophysicsTechnical Slender and Winged Hypersonic Vehicles,” Aerothermodynamic Contributionsto paper for“NASALangleyExperimental received the2015thermophysicsbest Scott Berry, Aerothermodynamics Branch, HSRL (High an Airborne Spectral ResolutionLidar).” from Profiling for “CombinedAtmosphericandOcean Laser RadarConference inNewYork oral presentation atthe27thInternational Oregon StateUniversity;received best Composition Branch;andAmyJoScarino, AIAA HamptonRoads Section(HRS)Allan Engineering MethodsBranch,received the Brad Crawford, SystemsEngineering & Tape Laminates.” eling DelaminationMigrationin Cross-ply Ali Omar James Crawford - School’s Aviation Academy, whichearned meeting fortheirsupportDenbighHigh nized ataNewportNewsSchoolBoard Roger Hathaway, OSACBwere recog Hubert Senter,Research Directorate; and Rosenthal, Electronic SystemsBranch; tems Integration&Test Branch;James Processes Section; Timothy Wood, AdvancedFabrication Tammy Cottee,EngineeringDirectorate; standing servicetoAIAAHRS. Taylor MemorialAward forcontinuedout Mark G.Ballinand David J.Wing,US cle Control andTracking System” ent number 8,922,041 for “Tethered Vehi David D.NorthandMarkJ.Aull, USpat Detecting DisturbancesinFluid” 8,913,124 for“Lock-InImagingSystem for L. Dimarcantonio, USpatentnumber C. King, James R. Elliott,andAlbert Yeonjoon Park,SangH.Choi,Glen Method” Interferometric PhaseChange Detection patent number8,909,491for“Multi-Point Yeonjoon ParkandSangH.Choi,US for “FlexibleVolumetric Structure” Schlecht, USpatentnumber8,899,563 Christopher M.CagleandRobinW. Modulated LinearLaserWaveform” and MethodforGeneratingaFrequency US patent number 8,897,654 for “System George E.Lockard andGlennD.Hines, Farzin Amzajerdian, BruceW. Barnes, Diego F. Pierrottet, LarryB.Petway, tem forCruisingFlight” patent number8,882,049for“AirfoilSys Qamar A.ShamsandTianshuLiu,US Nozzle SystemforJetNoiseReduction” 8,876,043 for“Aircraft EngineExhaust and Russell H. Thomas, Michael Z. Czech, Pathologies NearCrimpedConnector” for “MethodandApparatustoDetectWire iel F. Perey, US patent number 8,875,580 W. Tom Yost, K.ElliottCramer, andDan tocol forArbitraryDigraphs” ing DistributedClockSynchronization Pro 8,861,552 for “Fault-Tolerant Self-Stabiliz Mahyar R.Malekpour, USpatentnumber Means ofControl” Electronic GameplayCombiningDifferent US patentnumber8,858,325for“Team Alan T. PopeandOlafurS.Palsson, ratus forMeasuringSurfaceAirPressure” number 8,855,932for“MethodandAppa Bing LinandYongxiang Hu,USpatent Patents Ronen Elkoby, USpatentnumber Carrie Rhoades, Sys ------Environmental ExcellenceAward hon NASA Langleyreceived theGovernor’s Helicopter Society(AHS)International. tical FlightHeritageSitebytheAmerican NASA Langleywasrecognized asaVer program. of Commerce LEADInstituteleadership uated from theVirginia PeninsulaChamber grad Susan Cooper, Education, of Office Partnership Award. cation SecondaryBusinessandIndustry the Virginia Career andTechnical Edu Apparatus forGeneratingFlight-Optimiz patent number8,977,482for“Methodand Edgewise Strips ofAblativeMaterial” for “SpaceVehicle Heat ShieldHaving A. Bouslog,USpatentnumber9,051,063 Max L.Blosser, CarlC.Poteet,andStan Grating” nel Spectrometer Chip with Gradient Line patent number9,046,418for“Linear Fres Sang H.ChoiandYeonjoon Park, US composition ofNitrogen Oxides” ent number 9,044,743for “Catalyst for De Ates AkyurtluandJaleAkyurtlu,USpat David R.Schryer, Jeffrey D.Jordan, Control System” 9,022,311 for“ActiveAircraft PylonNoise and AlaaA.Elmiligui,USpatentnumber Russell H.Thomas,MichaelJ.Czech, gorithm forDopplerWindLidar” Al Profiling Wind “Airborne for 9,007,570 Michael J.Kavaya,USpatentnumber Jeffrey Y. Beyon,GradyJ.Koch,and Aircraft Vehicles” andSpaceborne titude, Ground Velocity, and Air Velocity of “Coherent DopplerLidarfor MeasuringAl rottet, USpatentnumber9,007,569for Farzin Amzajerdian andDiegoF. Pier Scaffold” Piezoelectric PolymerFiberAssemblyand 9,005,604 for“AlignedandElectrospun Karina Kulangara,USpatentnumber Nancy M. Holloway, KamW. Leong EmilieJ.Siochi, Lisa A.Scott-Carnell, Quality ofaWire Crimp” for “UltrasonicDeviceAssessingthe liott Cramer, USpatentnumber9,003,645 W. Tom Yost, DanielF. Perey andK.El Ablative SurfacePatterning” cation ofSurfaceEnergy viaDirect Laser “Modifi for 8,987,632 number patent US John W. Connelland John W. Hopkins, Christopher J.Wohl, Method” tical MaterialCharacterizationSystemand patent number 8,982,355 for “Smart Op Sang H.ChoiandYeonjoon Park,US ing Trajectories” Marcus A.Belcher, and ------energy efficiency. Energy andWater ManagementAward for Building project wasawarded theFederal The IntegratedEngineeringServices dar year. Sustainability Partnerforthe2015calen Virginia Environmental ExcellenceProgram NASA Langley has been accepted as a posium. ed atthe2015Environment Virginia Sym through Sustainability”program, present orable mention for our “Revitalization vices” De- Input Control Sensing Image Body and Simulations Which Use Gesture and Games Video World Open Role-playing Modulating for Physiologically Action System and “Method for 9,084,933 ber Christopher A. Alan T. Pope,ChadL.Stephens,and Toughening Inclusions” patent number9,074,066for“Nanotubular J. Siochi,andJoycelynS.Harrison,US Cheol Park,DennisC.Working, Emilie Nanocomposites” 9,067,794 for“HighlyThermalConductive L. MonicaVeca, USpatentnumber Ya-Ping Sun, John W. Connell, of CalibratingaForce Balance” US patentnumber9,052,250for“Method Thomas H.JonesandDrew Landman, Peter A.Parker, RaymondD.Rhew, Calibration System” for “MethodGround-To-Satellite Laser Wielicki, USpatentnumber9,052,236 Constantine LukashinandBruceA. Carbon Nanotubes” Grained Targets forLaserSynthesis of US patent number 9,133,032 for “Fine- Michael W. SmithandCheolPark, for “FlapEdgeNoiseReduction Fins” Choudhari, USpatentnumber9,132,909 Mehdi R. Khorrami and System” sorption Measurements Using aCWLaser “Modulated SineWaves forDifferential Ab Nehrir, USpatentnumber9,097,646for Joel F. Campbell, Condensed Working Fluid” Radiator HavingaFree-Piston forWiping ber 9,091,490for“OpenLoopHeatPipe Leonard M.Weinstein, USpatentnum Suppression inAluminumAlloys” 9,090,950 for“AbnormalGrainGrowth and Stephen J. Hales, Harold D. Claytor Joel A.Alexa,USpatentnumber U ptn num- patent US Jones, Bing Lin,and Meelan M. Amin R. and - - - - - 23 Patents Former Langley “Human Computer” Awarded Medal of Freedom

Katherine G. Johnson, a retired Langley math- ematician whose computations influenced space exploration efforts from Mercury through the shuttle

Roundup program, was honored with the Presidential Medal of Roundup Freedom by President Barack Obama. Johnson worked at Langley from 1953 to 1986. She was one of a number of African-American women who worked as human computers for the National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics, the agency that preceded NASA. “Johnson exhibited exceptional technical leadership and is known especially for her calculations of the 1961 trajectory for Alan Shepard’s flight, the 1962 verification of the first flight calculation made by an electronic computer for ’s orbit, and the 1969 Apollo 11 trajectory to the moon,” the White House said. NASA/David C. Bowman Researchers and students in the Langley Autonomy & Robotics Center develop and test technologies that could help allow drones and other vehicles to safely act independently without always needing human control.

New Lab Will Be Third Facility in Langley Revitalization NASA/Bill Ingals is congratulated by President Obama at the White House. Leaders broke ground at the site of Sitting next to her is baseball legend Willie Mays. They were among 17 people what will be a 40,000-square-foot who received a Medal of Freedom. NASA Computational Research Facility at Langley. Pictured, left to right, are Shannon Kendrick, district director for the office of U.S. Rep. Scott Rigell; Erik Weiser, acting director of Center Operations at NASA Langley; David Bowles, Langley Center Director; Col. Paul Olsen, commander, Norfolk District, U.S. Army Corps of Engineers; Christian Jahrling, vice president of Turner Construction Co.; and Linda Curtis, vice mayor of the City of Hampton. Langley’s revitalization plan calls for the construction of eight efficient, state-of-the art facilities and removal of outdated structures. Already, more than 400,000 square feet of older space has been removed. The first new building in the plan, Langley’s Headquarters, opened in 2011. The second new structure completed was the Integrated Engineering Services Building, which opened in 2014.

Construction of Langley’s next laboratory, the Computational Research Facility, as it appeared in November. NASA/David C. Bowman NASA/George Homich The Super Guppy aircraft based at NASA Johnson in , hauled a huge fuselage cross-section, known as the Pultruded Rod Stitched Efficient Unitized Structure or PRSEUS to Langley. PRSEUS was tested to the breaking point and beyond to learn more about composite aerospace structures.

24 25 The Virginia Air & Space Center A Powerful Tool Comes Back Online

NASA/David C. Bowman

The Virginia Air & Space Center in Hampton is NASA airplane, climb aboard a World War II bomber and Langley’s official visitor center. It features interactive experience a 3D IMAX film. Also on display is the aerospace exhibits spanning 100 years of flight, Apollo 12 Command Module that went to the moon, more than 30 historic aircraft, a hands-on space the Mercury 14 capsule, the Gemini test vehicle, gallery, unique space flight artifacts, and more. and the Orion Pad Abort-1 flight test vehicle. Also: a While at the air and space center, you can launch Mars meteorite, a three-billion-year-old moon rock, a a rocket, pilot a , program Mars rovers DC-9 passenger jet and a replica 1903 Wright Flyer. for a mission, become an air-traffic controller, fly an For more information, go to http://vasc.org

Top: Langley technicians refinish wind tunnel fan blades. Above: A crane hoists a massive motor back into Langley’s 14- by 22-Foot Subsonic Tunnel after it was repaired. The motor turns nine wooden fan blades that form a 40- foot diameter fan, which creates the tunnel’s wind stream.

NASA/Harlen Capen The National Transonic Facility at NASA Langley tested a Lockheed Martin Skunk Works® /Air Force Research Laboratory Hybrid Wing Body four-percent scale, semi-span model. The test capped a five- year development effort and paved the way for additional research in the aerodynamically efficient design that shows promise for military and commercial cargo applications. Photos: NASA/David C. Bowman

26 27 NASA Langley Leadership

NASA/David C. Bowman Clayton Turner, Langley’s deputy director; David Bowles, director, and Cathy Mangum, associate director, in the 14- by 22-Foot Subsonic Tunnel.

How to Contact Us

Office of Strategic Analysis, Communications and Business Development: 757 864-3000 Looking down on the Landing and Impact Government Relations: 757 864-2505 Research Facility, better known as the Doing Business with Langley: 757 864-5704 “gantry,” during an http://technologygateway.nasa.gov/ airplane crash test. The facility was Website: http://www.nasa.gov/langley built in 1963 to train astronauts to land on the moon. Since facebook: https://www.facebook.com/nasalarc then the 240-foot high, 400-by-265-foot twitter: https://twitter.com/nasa_langley structure has been used to provide test youtube: https://www.youtube.com/nasalangley data on the crashwor- thiness of aircraft and flickr: https://www.flickr.com/photos/nasa_langley the landing loads of space vehicles.

28 NASA/Sandie Gibbs