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NASA Contractor Report: Lunar Orbiter IV Photographic Mission Summary

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NASA Contractor Report: Lunar Orbiter IV Photographic Mission Summary d. I. ... ' . .7 !\,~ 1: NASA CONTRACTOR -"NASA CR-11 REPORT e..1 LOAN COPY: RETURN TO AFWL (WLIL-2) KIRTLAND AFB, N. ME>( LUNAR ORBITER IV Photographic Mission Summary Prepared by THE BOEING COMPANY Seattle, Wash. for Langley Research Center NATIONALAERONAUTICS AND SPACE ADMINISTRATION WASHINGTON,D. C. JUNE 1968 First Detailed Viewof Orientale Basin Photo taken byNASA-Boeing Lunar OrbiterIV, May 25,1967, 05:33:34 GMT, from an altitude of 2,721 kilometers. LUNAR ORBITER IV Photographic Mission Summary Distribution of this report is provided in the interest of informationexchange. Responsibility for the contents resides in the author or organization that prepared it. Issued by Originator as Boeing Document No. D2- 100754- 1 (Vol. 1) Prepared under Contract No. NAS 1-3800 by THE BOEING COMPANY Seattle, Wash. for Langley Research Center NATIONAL AERONAUTICS AND SPACE ADMINISTRATION ~ ~ For sale by the Clearinghouse for Federal Scientific and Technical Information Springfield, Virginia 22151 - CFSTI price $3.00 Contents Page 1.0 INTRODUCTION .............................................................. 5 1.1 Program Description ........................................................ 5 1.2Program Management ....................................................... 5 1.3 Program Objectives ......................................................... 6 1.3.1 Mission IV Objectives .................................................. 7 1.4Mission Design ............................................................. 8 1.5Flight Vehicle Description ................................................... 11 2.0 LAUNCHPREPARATION AND OPERATIONS .................................. 19 2.1Launch Vehicle Preparation ................................................. 19 2.2 SpacecraftPreparation ....................................................... 21 2.3Launch Countdown ......................................................... 21 2.4 LaunchPhase ............................................................... 22 2.4.1 LaunchVehicle Performance ........................................... 22 2.4.1.1 Atlas Performance .............................................. 22 2.4.1.2Agena Performance ............................................. 24 2.4.1.3Spacecraft Performance ......................................... 24 2.5Data Acquisition ........................................................... 25 3.0MISSION OPERATIONS ....................................................... 31 3.1Mission Profile .............................................................. 31 3.2Spacecraft Performance ...................................................... 34 3.2.1Photo Subsystem Performance .......................................... 35 3.2.2 PowerSubsystem Performance ......................................... 37 3.2.3Communications Subsystem Performance ................................ 40 3.2.4 AttitudeControl Subsystem Performance ................................ 42 3.2.5Velocity Control Subsystem Performance ................................ 45 3.2.6 Structures, Mechanisms. and Integration Elements Performance .......... 47 3.3 OperationalPerformance .................................................... 48 3.3.1Spacecraft Control ..................................................... 50 3.3.2 Flight PathControl .................................................... 51 3.4 GroundSystems Performance ................................................ 55 3.4.1Space Flight Operations Facility ........................................ 58 3.4.2 DeepSpace Stations ................................................... 58 3.4.3 GroundCommunications System ....................................... 59 3.4.4Photo Processing ...................................................... 59 3.4.5Langley Photo Data Assessment Facility ................................ 60 4.0 MISSION DATA ................................................................ 63 4.1 Photographic Data .......................................................... 63 4.1.1 Mission Photography ................................................... 64 4.1.2 PhotoCoverage ........................................................ 67 4.2 Environmental Data ......................................................... 114 4.2.1 Radiation Data ........................................................ 114 4.2.2 Micrometeoroid Data ................................................... 115 4.3 Tracking Data ............................................................... 116 4.3.1 DSIF Tracking Data System ............................................ 116 4.3.2 Deep Space Network ................................................ 116 4.4 Performance Telemetry ...................................................... 117 5.0 MISSIONEVALUATION ....................................................... 119 ... 111 Figures I Page 1-1 LunarOrbiter Project Organization ........................................... 6 1-2 PhotoOrbit Sequence of Events .............................................. 9 1-3 FootprintOrientation ........................................................ 10 1-4Photo Mission Sequence of Events ........................................... 12 1-5 LunarOrbiter Spacecraft ..................................................... 14 1-6 LunarOrbiter Block Diagram ................................................. 15 1-7 PhotographicData Acquisition. Reconstruction. and Assembly .................. 16 1-8 Launchvehicle .............................................................. 17 2-1Launch Operations Flow Chart ............................................... 20 2-2 MasterCountdown Time Sequence ........................................... 22 2-3 EarthTrack for May 4. 1967 .................................................. 26 3- 1 Lunar Orbiter IV Flight Profile ............................................... 32 3-2 PhotoSubsystem ............................................................ 35 3-3 Video Signal Waveform ...................................................... 36 3-4 PowerSubsystem ........................................................... 38 3-5 Solar Array Degradation ..................................................... 39 3-6 CommunicationsSubsystem ................................................. 40 3-7 Attitude Control Subsystem ................................................... 43 3-8 Velocity and Reaction Control Subsystem ...................................... 46 3-9 Thermal Paint Coupon Solar Absorptance Coefficients .......................... 49 3- 10 Pre-Midcourse Encounter Parameters ......................................... 53 3-1 1 Perilune Altitude History .................................................... 56 3-12 Orbit Inclination History ..................................................... 56 3-13 Argument of Perilune History ................................................ 57 3- 14 Ascending Node Longitude History ........................................... 57 4-1 Pre-ExposedReseau Mark Characteristics ..................................... 64 4-2 Field of Viewfor PerilunePhotography ........................................ 66 4-3 PerilunePhotography Pointing Orientation .................................... 67 4-4 PhotoZones A and B TelephotoFootprints .................................... 69 4-5 PhotoZones C and D Telephoto Footprints .................................... 71 4-6Photo Zone S TelephotoFootprints (South Polar) ............................... 73 4-7Photo Zone N TelephotoFootprints (North Polar) ............................... 74 4-8 North LatitudeZone Recovery Photo Footprints ................................ 75 4-9South Latitude Zone Recovery Photo Footprints ............................... 76 4-10 GeometricalParameters of Photography ....................................... 79 4-11Slant Range vs Framelet Width (Telephoto Lens) ............................... 80 4-12 through -41 Selected Lunar Photographs (Wide Angle and Telephoto) ............ .8 1.113 4-42Radiation Dosage History .................................................... 114 4-43Micrometeoroid Impacts ..................................................... 115 iv Tables Page 1-1 May LaunchWindow Summary ............................................... 8 1-2 ExposureIndex .............................................................. 13 2-1Launch Vehicle Preparation Summary ......................................... 19 2-2Ascent Trajectory EventTimes ................................................ 23 2-3AFETR Electronic Tracking Coverage ......................................... 27 2-4 AFETRTelemetry Coverage ................................................. 28 3- 1 Trajectory Change Summary................... ........................ ...... 34 3-2 Spacecraft Load Currents ...................... ........................ ...... 39 3-3 Maneuver Summary ........................... ........................ ...... 44 3-4 Thruster Operations .......................... ........................ ...... 46 3-5 Velocity Control Engine Performance Summary . ........................ ...... 47 3-6 Summary of Encounter Parameters ............. ........................ ...... 54 3-7 Lunar Orbit Parameter Summary.............. ........................ ...... 55 3-8 Transmission Mode Dow~~time................. ........................ ...... 59 3-9 Measured GRE Film Density .................. ........................ ...... 60 4-1Spacecraft Film Radiation Dosage ............................................. 64 4-2 Photo ZoneIdentification ...................................................
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