10 centrespread centrespread 11 JULY 26-AUGUST 01, 2020 JULY 26-AUGUST 01, 2020 MAN& MACHINE AI IN THE NEXT 15 YEARS MERGE Between 70% and 90% of all initial AI-driven advancements will see machines customer interactions are likely to mimicking humans and getting better than be conducted or managed by AI humans in some tasks. Futurists like Ray Kurzweil say robots will achieve “singularity” — that point when machines become smarter Product development in a than human beings. This will lead to the range of sectors, from development of Artificial General Intelligence fashion items and consumer (another term for human level intelligence). goods to manufacturing equipment, could Kurzweil is betting on machines matching increasingly be undertaken human intelligence by 2029. and tested by AI

Individuals will be able to define and design the personalised products and services they require 1637: I Think, Therefore I Am in sectors ranging from travel, banking, savings and insurance Long before even computers emerged, philosopher Rene Descartes had in the Autonomous vehicles will 17th century pondered over the possibility start appearing in many of machines thinking and making decisions. cities across the world He concluded humans are superior because they can think. Cogito, ergo sum or I think, Crypto tokens may be accepted alongside fiat therefore I am. However, he said, machines currencies as we move towards a single global could perform a specific task or a set of In July, San Francisco-based OpenAI stunned everyone with the capabilities of its AI language model, the GPT-3. The text medium of exchange machines could come together to perform a generator can pen fiction, compose poetry and write business memos — all without any human intervention. Simply put, it is task. Today, the former is called specific AI being seen as a tool that brings machines a wee bit closer to mimicking human intelligence. A look at how AI has come this far AI is likely to penetrate every commercial sector and the latter is called general AI :: Shelley Singh Self-aware and self-replicating There is a possibility of achieving software systems and robots Artificial General Intelligence will emerge (human-level intelligence) 1950S: Dartmouth Conference But first, what is the big fuss really? So it is just a glorified letter writer? & Modern AI The GPT-3, or Generative Pre-training Transformer 3, can use half a sentence as input Even though GPT-3 is in the beta stage, it can code in any language, design and type out the rest correctly. It doesn't stop at that. The text predictor can then type websites and even prescribe medication. An earlier version called GPT-2 that was 2018: Self-Driving Cars British mathematician Alan Turing is considered a out a whole para, or a book, that make logical sense. The GPT-3, however, lacks the released in 2019 had 1.5 billion parameters. This one has 175 billion. It can The year marked a significant pioneer in AI. He came up with the idea of building ability to reason abstractly. It is at a loss when faced with new ideas. ingest everything available on the internet to achieve its task. milestone in machines doing machines that could think. The Turing test that he complex human tasks like driving. developed in 1950 is still used to determine Google spinoff Waymo runs a self- whether a computer is capable of thinking or not. driving taxi service in Phoenix, Later, Dartmouth College professor John McCarthy Arizona. Users can request a pick up coined the term artificial intelligence to define this via an app and get driven around a ability, at a conference in 1956. The Dartmouth technology that combines Conference laid down the framework for academic computers, sensors, cameras and AI exploration and the development of “thinking machines” 2011: Watson’s Victory IBM’s computer engine Watson played against 2016: AlphaGo’s Charge 1966: humans on the TV game show Jeopardy!, a quiz ELIZA is Here competition. Watson went home with the $1 Eliza, a natural language processing computer, was million award. This again reinforced the the first chatbot. Developed at MIT’s Artificial proposition that machines can win games where Intelligence Lab, it is a direct ancestor of the Siri, moves can be described mathematically Alexa and other digital assistants. Eliza could not talk 2012: Machines like Alexa but communicated via text and was not capable of learning from human conversations. Yet, Spot Cats she paved the way to break down the Researchers at Stanford and Google communications barrier between tried to accelerate the pace of AI humans and machines development by training machines to 1997: Deep Blue Beats Human recognise pictures of different cats. IBM’s Deep Blue computer defeating chess champ Garry Kasparov They were able to create a network with AlphaGo, created by Google subsidiary Deep Mind defeated 1990S: Internet, the Fuel for AI was a watershed moment for AI. Deep Blue, which researchers about one billion connections, calling it world Go champion Lee Sodol. The game was considered to be In 1991, Tim Berners Lee put the world’s first website online and published started developing from the 1950s, leveraged the increased a big step towards building an “artificial the most challenging classical game for artificial intelligence how HTTP or hypertext transfer protocol worked. That ushered in the world capacity for raw computing power and applied it to chess to beat brain”. Of course, a lot more research is because of its complexity. Did you know, there are over 100,000 wide web. Even before that, some computers were connected to share data. Kasparov. Computers soon became better at activities in which required as the human brain has 86 possible opening moves in Go. Chess has 400 But WWW made it easier for anyone to plug into what we call the internet. humans were so far unbeatable billion neurons joined by a network of Data generated by users is fuel for AI around 10 trillion connectors Sources: Forbes.com, Wired, Medium, livescience.com