Piedmont Flight Training (PFT) Safety Procedures and Practices

GENERAL OPERATING PROCEDURES

1. No flights will be initiated without a completed flight itinerary, to be completed and filed at the front desk/dispatch area 2. No student pilots will fuel an aircraft, unless they have received and logged training in fueling at self-service stations 3. All students are to remain in the practice area, unless authorized by their instructor and having received the necessary endorsements in their logbook and pilot certificate 4. Student pilot solo operations at night are prohibited 5. Hand propping of aircraft is prohibited 6. Touch-and-go operations, in a complex aircraft are prohibited 7. Student pilot solo touch-and-go operations are prohibited, all landings will be full stop/taxi back 8. Student pilot solo flights are prohibited from landings on grass runways or runways under 3,000 feet in length 9. All student pilot solo flight (local and cross-country) must be approved and supervised by a PFT flight instructor

WEATHER MINIMUMS AND STUDENT PILOTS

Private and Instrument Students:

Dual – Local Ceiling 3,000 ft. Visibility 3 miles Crosswind – Less than 2/3 max demonstrated component

Solo – Local Ceiling 3,000 ft. Visibility 6 miles Crosswind – Less than 1/3 max demonstrated component

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Solo – Traffic Pattern Ceiling 2,500 ft. Visibility 3 miles Crosswind – Less than 1/3 max demonstrated component

Dual – Cross-Country Ceiling 3,000 ft. Visibility 3 miles Crosswind – Less than 2/3 max demonstrated component

Solo – Cross-Country Ceiling 4,000 ft. Visibility 6 miles Crosswind – Less than 1/3 max demonstrated component

Dual – Instrument Ceiling 400 ft. Visibility 3/4 miles Crosswind – Less than 2/3 max demonstrated component

Commercial Students:

Solo – Local Ceiling 3,000 ft. Visibility 4 miles Crosswind – Less than 1/2 max demonstrated component

Solo – Traffic Pattern Ceiling 2,500 ft. Visibility 3 miles Crosswind – Less than 1/2 max demonstrated component

Solo – Cross-country Ceiling 3,000 ft. Visibility 4 miles Crosswind – Less than 1/2 max demonstrated component

2 FUEL RESERVES VFR (14 CFR Part 91.151)

Day Fly to the first point of intended landings and at normal cruising speed, fly after that for at least 30 minutes.

Night Fly to the first point of intended landings and at normal cruising speed, fly after that for at least 45 minutes.

ALL STUDENT PILOTS WILL HAVE ½ TANKS FUEL RESERVE AT ALL TIMES

IFR (14 CFR Part 91.167) Fly to the first airport of intended landing, fly from that airport to an alternate airport and fly after that for 45 minutes at normal cruising speed.

3 Student Practice Areas There are four practice areas to be utilized, as presented on the FAA Sectional Chart overlay below: A, B, C and D

KINT Student Practice Areas

PFT uses the instructional radio frequency of 123.30 (primary) or 123.50 (secondary) for air- to-air communication when operating in practice areas A, C and D; for added safety, KINT ATC Tower frequency of 123.75 may be monitored for situational awareness.

Practice Areas can also be reviewed at the Flight School via a wall chart.

1. Practice Area A starts from KINT and proceeds northeasterly on a heading of 040degrees for approximately 25 miles, counter-clockwise to a heading of 330 degrees for approximately 25 miles.

4 2. Practice Area D starts from KINT and proceeds northwesterly on a heading of 040degrees for approximately 25 miles, counter-clockwise to a heading of 220 degrees for approximately 25 miles. 3. Practice Area C starts from KINT and proceeds southwesterly on a heading of 220degrees for approximately 25 miles, counter-clockwise to a heading of 150 degrees for approximately 25 miles.

Practice Area B is located between Area C on the southeastern side, and Area A on the northeastern side. While in Practice Area B for training, communication is with KGSO ATC Approach on frequency 124.35, 118.5 or 126.6 for traffic advisories. This area is primarily used for IFR flight training.

Student Solo Cross-Country Flights

The following airports are considered as approved for student solo cross-country flights conducted within the Private Pilot Certification Course:

Authorized Cross-Country Airports (which meet the requirements of 14 CFR Part 141.89(a))

1. Hickory Regional Airport (KHKY) 2. Danville Regional Airport (KDAN) 3. Concord Regional Airport (KJQF) 4. New River Valley Airport (KPSK) 5. Anson County Airport (KAFP) 6. Lynchburg Regional Airport (KLYH) 7. Moore County Airport (KSOP) 8. Foothills Regional Airport (KMRN) 9. Person County Airport (KTDF) 10. Roanoke Regional Airport (KROA) 11. Raleigh Executive Jetport – Sanford Lee (KTTA)

The student will not be able to begin a solo cross-country flight unless a TAI authorized flight instructor, who is present at the flight school and has reviewed the student’s planning, authorizes the dispatch of the flight.

All student solo cross-country flights will be conducted under an open VFR flight plan, filed directly with a Flight Service Station via telephone or through electronic means.

If unexpected weather or mechanical problems delay a student enroute, or if a student diverts to an alternate airport, the student will contact TAI to arrange for a TAI instructor to travel to the point of delay to dispatch the continuation of the flight.

5 Aircraft Procedures – Student Pilot Solo Flight

In the event a training flight has to be terminated prematurely due to mechanical problems, weather, illness or other unforeseen circumstances, please notify immediately by telephone or relay through ATC:

Tara Connell, General Manager Office: 336-776-6070 Mobile: 702-768-6074

Janice Driscoll, Chief Instructor Office: 336-776-6070 Mobile: 336-337-9329

Jeff Hunter, Director of Maintenance Office: 336-776-6070 Mobile: 336-870-6584

Wayne Davidson, Assistant Chief Instructor Office: 336-776-6076 Mobile: 336-549-7530

If continuing to the intended destination or returning to the point of departure is not safe or not possible, land as soon as practical and contact appropriate PFT personnel.

If landing at an unintended location, the aircraft may not continue without being dispatched by PFT personnel onsite at the point of landing.

If landing off field and unable to contact ATC or PFT personnel by telephone, activate the aircraft ELT, remain in the vicinity of the aircraft and await help.

Secure the aircraft by the best means available until appropriate persons are available. If involved in an incident or accident, notify PFT personnel and appropriate agencies as per FAA and NTSB regulations.

6 General Aircraft Procedures

Start-up Procedures Start-up procedures are duplicated from an approved Pilot’s Operating Handbook or Airplane Flight Manual, appropriate for each aircraft and are kept in each aircraft’s clipboard.

Pre-Flight, Taxi and Ground Operations Pre-flight, taxi and ground operations will follow specifications found in the Airplane Flying Handbook, FAA-H-8083-3A, the appropriate aircraft’s Pilot’s Operating Handbook or Airplane Flight Manual and the Aeronautical Information Manual (AIM). These reference books are available to all students and will be kept in designated training areas. Pre-flight of the aircraft will follow the procedures outlined and diagramed by the manufacturer.

Taxi and airport ground operations will be reviewed with the student by his/her flight instructor.

Students will be instructed on proper taxi procedures to avoid runways incursions and to promote collision avoidance, including the use of airport taxi diagrams.

Students will be instructed to clear the aircraft before starting the throttle usage while taxiing and maneuvering on the ramp area to avoid prop washing persons or other aircraft nearby. This ground lesson will be recorded in the student’s training folder and logbook.

1. No PFT aircraft will taxi from the non-movement area without clearance from ground control. 2. No PFT aircraft will taxi off of hard surface areas. All PFT aircraft will remain on hard surface parking areas, taxiways and non-movement areas at all times. 3. Unless otherwise directed by Ground Control, all PFT aircraft will taxi along the centerline of taxiways 4. All PFT aircraft will park in designated school parking areas, unless otherwise directed by ramp personnel 5. No person will exit a PFT aircraft while the engine is still running 6. All PFT students and instructors will be aware of other aircraft and people in the vicinity and will avoid directing propeller wash in undesirable directions. The lowest engine power setting practicable will be used during ground operations to avoid damage to property or injury to people 7. ‘Buddy Boxes’ are located in the baggage compartment of each aircraft, with necessary window cleaning supplies and additional oil, as needed 8. Any oil added to PFT aircraft should be recorded on the dispatch log, as appropriate

7 Securing Aircraft At the completion of each flight, the student and instructor will secure the aircraft at a PFT designated parking area or spot (unless directed by ramp personnel). For solo flight, the student will be responsible for securing the aircraft at the appropriate parking area.

1. Tie-down ropes will be attached, if available 2. Aircraft flight controls will be secured 3. Pitot tube covers will be replaced 4. Seat belts will be secured 5. Debris and trash will be removed 6. Wheels will be chocked 7. Doors will be closed and secured 8. Discrepancies will be listed and presented to appropriate PFT personnel 9. HOBBS meter and tachometer readings will be recorded 10. Personal equipment will be removed 11. FAA flight plans closed, as appropriate

Use of an approved tow bar for parking or movement of an aircraft is required at all times.

Collision Avoidance The Pilot-in-Command is required to exercise due diligence in ‘seeing and avoiding’ other aircraft.

In designated practice area, coordination of PFT aircraft on frequency 121.3 (primary) or 123.5 (secondary) via air-to-air communications will be accomplished through self- announcement.

In addition, KINT ATC Tower frequency (123.75) will be monitored for additional situational awareness, as appropriate. Students will use judgment aspects of collision avoidance, as illustrated in the IDTCC model:

Introduce proper scan for other aircraft Determine relative altitude Take appropriate action Consider multiple threats Consider collision course targets

8 In addition, students will be instructed to: 1. Recognize high hazard areas 2. Properly clean the aircraft windshield before flight 3. Properly organize and manage the cockpit environment 4. Request ATC support, as needed 5. Have Knowledge of ‘Operation Lights On’ (FAA AC-90-66A) 6. Keep visual obstructions such as checklists, kneeboards, charts and headsets off the aircraft glare shield 7. Be aware of blind spots caused by wing struts, doorposts, wings and other aircraft structures

Altitudes 1. Minimum safe altitudes will be complied with at all times, as listed in 14 CFR Part 91.119 2. No simulated emergency operations will be conducted over congested areas, with all maneuvers being completed no less than 1,500 ft. AGL, except for ground reference maneuvers as specified by any applicable Airmen Certification Standards (ACS) 3. Traffic pattern altitude at KINT is 2,000 ft. MSL 4. Transition toward the practice area will be at or above 3,000 ft. MSL and returning from the practice area will be no lower than 2,500 ft. MSL, unless directed by ATC 5. Cross-country flights will be flown at the appropriate altitude for the direction of flight and no lower than 3,000 ft. MSL

Fire Procedures

Fires During Startup 1. Be familiar with and follow recommended procedures located in the appropriate pilot’s operating handbook or airplane flight manual. 2. A fire extinguisher is located to the right of the main entry door to the flight school. 3. An additional fire extinguisher is located at the outside door of the line personnel office (next to the flight school). 4. If emergency fire and rescue personnel are needed, depart the airplane quickly and notify ground, school, or tower personnel immediately for assistance.

In-Flight Fires 1. Be familiar with and follow recommended procedures for dealing with in-flight fires located in the appropriate pilot’s operating handbook or airplane flight manual and in the Airplane Flying Handbook (FAA-H-8083-3A). 2. If necessary, alert ATC, advise them of the situation and request any assistance necessary.

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