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A Clean Slate Airbus Pivots to Hydrogen For November 2020 HOW NOT TO DEVELOP DEVELOP TO NOT HOW FIGHTERYOUR OWN SPACE THREATS SPACE AIR GETSCARGO LIFT A A CLEAN SLATE AIRBUS HYDROGEN TO PIVOTS FOR ZERO-CARBON ‘MOONSHOT’ www.aerosociety.com AEROSPACE November 2020 Volume 47 Number 11 Royal Aeronautical Society 11–15 & 19–21 JANUARY 2021 | ONLINE REIMAGINED The 2021 AIAA SciTech Forum, the world’s largest event for aerospace research and development, will be a comprehensive virtual experience spread over eight days. More than 2,500 papers will be presented across 50 technical areas including fluid dynamics; applied aerodynamics; guidance, navigation, and control; and structural dynamics. The high-level sessions will explore how the diversification of teams, industry sectors, technologies, design cycles, and perspectives can all be leveraged toward innovation. Hear from high-profile industry leaders including: Eileen Drake, CEO, Aerojet Rocketdyne Richard French, Director, Business Development and Strategy, Space Systems, Rocket Lab Jaiwon Shin, Executive Vice President, Urban Air Mobility Division, Hyundai Steven Walker, Vice President and CTO, Lockheed Martin Corporation Join fellow innovators in a shared mission of collaboration and discovery. SPONSORS: As of October 2020 REGISTER NOW aiaa.org/2021SciTech SciTech_Nov_AEROSPACE PRESS.indd 1 16/10/2020 14:03 Volume 47 Number 11 November 2020 EDITORIAL Contents Drone wars are here Regulars 4 Radome 12 Transmission What happens when ‘precision effects’ from the air are available to everyone? The latest aviation and Your letters, emails, tweets aeronautical intelligence, and social media feedback. Nagorno-Karabakh is now the latest conflict where a new way of remote analysis and comment. war is evolving with cheap persistent UAVs, micro-munitions and loitering 58 The Last Word anti-radar drones, striking tanks, vehicles, artillery pieces and even SAM 11 Pushing the Envelope Keith Hayward considers sites with lethal precision. The use of these Turkish-made armed UAVs by Rob Coppinger examines the future of transatlantic how research into the air traffic in a post-Covid-19 Azerbaijan against Armenian ground forces, follows similar results in Northern Horizon Drive could send future. Syria and Libya this year, where even the presence of the latest Russian- humanity to the stars. built air defence systems like Pantsir S-1 SA-22s made little difference to countering these air strikes from armed UAVs. Even if destroyed, the low-cost Features and ultra-rapid development of such platforms means that a newer version, Wikipedia 28 National fighter aircraft with lessons learned, will likely be heading for the battlefield in short order. – the recurring dream Richard Aboulafia asks what Though technically not classed as an integrated ‘swarm’ of co-ordinating UAVs, India’s experience with the the number of drones being used in this latest conflict, as judged by the sheer 14 LCA Tejas can teach other amount of target video footage released in a short time, is a measure of the nations developing indigenous fighter programmes. damage that these drones can inflict on fielded forces when used in significant numbers at once to overwhelm and disrupt the enemy. For countries like Wake-up call for space EAG threats Azerbaijan, which fields a squadron of MiG-29s and Su-25s each as its main The impact for the commercial offensive air power, using cheap, disposable drones and loitering munitions space sector of the increased 32 in this way gives them a precision strike and a SEAD capability that even militarisation of space. some NATO countries may envy. For Western forces, that have enjoyed almost uninterrupted air superiority since Korea, this should be a critical wake-up 18 Air freight shifts its centre of gravity Taking charge of electric aircraft call to invest in long-neglected organic air defences and to think anew about Air cargo experiences an camouflage and concealment from these unblinking eyes in the sky – and how unexpected renaissance Could airlines of the future during the Covid pandemic. profit from operating electric- to counter these threats. It will not be the last time we see this – as the use of powered aircraft? drones expands from hunting insurgents to state-on-state war. Qantas 36 Safeguarding the final Tim Robinson FRAeS, Editor-in-Chief 22 frontier [email protected] Report from the RAeS’ first virtual conference on Correspondence on all aerospace matters is welcome at: [email protected] Safeguarding Earth’s Space Environment. Editor-in-Chief Editorial Office 2020 AEROSPACE subscription Airbus Tim Robinson, FRAeS Royal Aeronautical Society rates: Non-members, £180 +44 (0)20 7670 4353 No.4 Hamilton Place Please send your order to: Qantas – One hundred [email protected] London W1J 7BQ, UK Wayne J Davis, RAeS, No.4 Hamilton not out +44 (0)20 7670 4300 Deputy Editor Place, London W1J 7BQ, UK. [email protected] +44 (0)20 7670 4354 Former CEO of Qantas Bill Read, FRAeS from 1989-94, John Ward, +44 (0)20 7670 4351 www.aerosociety.com [email protected] 38 [email protected] AEROSPACE is published by the Royal Any member not requiring a print looks back on 100 years of Aeronautical Society (RAeS). version of this magazine should Australia’s flag carrier. Production Manager contact: [email protected] Wayne J Davis Chief Executive +44 (0)20 7670 4354 Sir Brian Burridge CBE FRAeS USA: Periodical postage paid at 26 The long road to Airbus spearheads zero- [email protected] Advertising Champlain New York and additional recovery starts here carbon moonshot +44 (0)20 7670 4346 offices. Publications Executive How the aerospace industry Airbus unveils ambitious [email protected] Chris Male, MRAeS Postmaster: Send address changes could recover from its to IMS of New York, PO Box 1518, plans to develop hydrogen- +44 (0)20 7670 4352 Unless specifically attributed, no Champlain NY 12919-1518, USA. biggest-ever crisis. powered commercial aircraft. [email protected] material in AEROSPACE shall be taken Production Executive to represent the opinion of the RAeS. ISSN 2052-451X Annabel Hallam Reproduction of material used in this Afterburner +44 (0)20 7670 4361 publication is not permitted without the 44 Message from our President [email protected] written consent of the Editor-in-Chief. 45 Message from our Chief Executive Book Review Editors Printed by Buxton Press Limited, Tony Pilmer and Katrina Sudell Palace Road, Buxton, Derbyshire 46 Book Reviews [email protected] SK17 6AE, UK Distributed by Royal Mail 50 New Member Spotlight 51 Obituary Additional content is available to view online at: www.aerosociety.com/aerospaceinsight 52 Staff restructuring Including: Securing Earth’s space environment, Simulating UAMs, Airbus reveals plans for hydrogen-powered aircraft, 21 Things I discovered while writing Harrier 809, In the October issue of 54 RAeS 1949 Garden Party film discovered Online AEROSPACE, New Member Spotlight, Invaders to Mars, Economics of electric aircraft – Part 2. 56 Elections Front cover: Airbus’ three hydrogen-powered aircraft concept designs. (Airbus) @aerosociety i Find us on LinkedIn f Find us on Facebook www.aerosociety.com NOVEMBER 2020 13 Blueprint INTELLIGENCE / ANALYSIS / COMMENT Advanced inlets Like Concorde, the key to the XB-1’s Mach 2.2 speed will be its supersonic engine inlets Digital ‘droop snoot’ which, thanks to modern CFD modelling, Unlike Concorde’s long nose, that the company claims are more efficient than was mechanically ‘drooped’ to allow for a Concorde’s. clear view ahead on landing, pilots of the XB-1 will use video cameras. Two additional oval windows at pilots’ knees also provide extra vision of the runway. Specifications Crew: One Length: 68ft Wingspan: 17ft Top speed: Mach 2.2 Composite structure Range: 1,000nm XB-1 is constructed mostly of carbon-fibre components – with composite fuselage skins Boom Supersonic 50ft long. 4 AEROSPACE Carbon-neutral testing To address environmental concerns, Boom says the XB-1 flight test programme will be ‘fully carbon-neutral’. It plans to use sustainable fuel from Prometheus Fuels which turns CO2 from the air into jet fuel using renewable energy sources. Engine thrust Boom XB-1 is powered by three 4,300lb thrust GE J85 turbojets, of the same type used by the F-5E Tiger II fighter. For the larger Overture airliner, Boom and Rolls-Royce have now entered a MoU to study options for civil supersonic engines. AEROSPACE Boom rolls out XB-1 On 7 October, US start-up Boom Supersonic rolled out its completed XB-1 demonstrator in Denver, Colorado. The GE J85-15-powered Mach 2.2 ‘Baby Boom’ prototype, set to fly next year, will support development on the company’s 55-seat Overture supersonic airliner – with the goal of flying the airliner in 2025 and entry into service in 2029. NOVEMBER 2020 5 Radome COVID-19 AIR TRANSPORT AEROSPACE Air travel crisis could see In-flight Covid-19 risk less 46 million jobs lost globally than ‘being hit by lightning’ Dubai Airport Airbus The International Air cabin. Airbus research New figures from the Air Transport Action Group (ATAG) estimate the eventual Transport Association found that out of 10,000 damage done by the coronavirus could see up to 46 million jobs lost worldwide (IATA) has revealed droplets caused by a in aviation, tourism and the wider sectors supported by air travel. The cross- the results of research cough, a combination of sector body says that normally, air travel and tourism support some 87.7 million conducted by airliner masks, gravity and airflow jobs worldwide but now over 50% of these could be at risk due to the Covid-19 OEMs which supported means that a maximum pandemic. ATAG predicts that 4.8 million jobs in the aviation sector itself could be evidence that the chance of five particles will lost by the beginning of next year.
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