Botternellhistory.Pdf

Geology

Kingbeare Bathpool

Botternell

Granite Hornfelsed Slate River alluvium 1140

Boturnell in the Manor of Carnedon Prior, was first recorded in 1140.

The origin of the name Botternell may come from one of these two suggestions: “Bod” = dwelling “Bot” = fire “Durnel” = personal name, possibly from the “Tur” = land Cornish ‘Dorn’ meaning ‘first’ as in first born “Nell” = hill

Reginald, Earl of Cornwall, created the Manor of Carnedon Prior (now Caradon) out of his great Manor of Rillaton on the Lynher.

Around 1170 he gave it to the Austin canons of his new foundation of Launceston Priory. This was on condition that perpetual prayers and masses were said in the Priory for the souls of Reginald himself, King Henry his father, the Empress Matilda (his half-sister) and her son, the reigning king, Henry II.

The Middle Ages

The Austin canons of Launceston Priory were to enjoy this land ‘with all its meadows and pastures, its ways and paths, its waters and ponds, its mills, moors, turbaries* and turf grounds, its tin-mines and all other liberties whatsoever.’

This was how the Prior and canons of Launceston gained the over-lordship of Twelve Men’s Moor. In 1284 agreement was reached between them and twelve tenants of the moor who each paid an annual rent of four shillings.

* Turbary is the term used to describe the ancient right to cut turf, or peat, for fuel on a particular area of bog. The Twelve Men of Twelve Men’s Moor Thomas of Kelnystok (Castick) David of the same William Foth Robert Faber (ie the smith) Jordan Cada Robert Broda Walter of la Lak Robert Le Legha Roger Boglawoda John Can William Trewortha Nicholas Cada English Civil War

Charles I Oliver Cromwell The English Civil War lasted from 1642 to 1651. Until the Royalists surrendered to the New Model army under Fairfax in March 1646 at Bodmin, Cornwall was under Royalist control. In 1642 the King’s Army marched from Launceston to Bodmin up Port Lane from Berriowbridge towards Kingbeare and onto the moor. The Parliamentarians assumed full power in 1651.

The Parliamentary Survey of the Duchy of Cornwall was undertaken in 1649 to 1650 to record and value all the lands in the Duchy that had been owned by the Crown. The occupiers of the land are shown as: Northbotturnell, North Hill  John Cotton, 40 acres, by Letters Patent on the lives of Thoms B, Thomas Reede jun of Linkinhorne & John Cole jun of St Sampsons Golant

 Edward Staunton, 36 acres, by Letters Patent on the lives of Edward Staunton jun, Edward Staunton son of William Staunton and Edward Kneebone. 1642-1651 1699

1699 map showing Higher and Lower Botundall divided by the parish boundary (which is the Shales Brook) between North Hill and Linkinhorne

The earliest known map with mention of the two settlements at Botternell as Higher Botundal and Lower Botundal.

Map dated 1642-1651 displayed at Cotehele. Methodism at Botternell

The appointment of preacher Adam Clarke was an important local event. He was a young looking 21 year old but intelligent and popular; "his labours were abundantly owned of God; conversions were numerous and the Church was strengthened".

In 1785 when Adam Clarke was on his way from Liskeard to Launceston, he met a farmer called John Nile, owner of Battens in North Hill. He allowed Clarke to preach at Botternell in Linkinhorne. The neighbours were called in, and as a result souls were saved and a Society formed.

Nile himself was not converted at that Service, but was so deeply affected, that he was unable to John Wesley sleep. He arose from his bed and walked over his farm during the night, and prayed to the Lord to forgive his sins.

Presently he approached the turnip field, and there he saw a figure stooping down on the ground. He watched a moment and then discovered it was a man stealing his turnips, and putting them in a sack. Mounting the hedge he cried; “Hallo there! what are ee about?" The man, aware that he was caught, cried out “Oh maaster! do ee forgive me; forgive me this once, maaster." "Forgive ee!" said Nile drawing near to the man, “Why that's what I want the Lord to do for me, I want the Lord to forgive me, and I must forgive thee." In that moment he obtained the blessing. He forgave his brother and his Heavenly Father also forgave him. Then said he, lifting up the sack on the man's head, "Take the turnips and go home with mun, but dont ee steal any more. If ee want any again come to me, and I'll give mun to ee.“

John Nile's property was always open to the Methodist Preachers, and henceforth [Lower] Botternell and Battens appeared as regular preaching places. Services were held once a fortnight on the Sunday afternoon, and the members met in Class on Sunday morning under the leadership of George Brimmell of Trelabe.

From: James Venning - An illustrated postal directory with map and historical notices, of twenty parishes in East Cornwall, for the new century. From A.D. 449 to 1901. 1800 Ordnance Survey First Series Map

North Botternell in North Hill was shown on maps as Portindle at this time. The origin of this name has not been found.

The Shales Brook is the parish boundary

South Botternell in Linkinhorne was shown on this map as Boternell

1813 Ordnance Survey In 1813 the Ordnance Survey renamed Fowey Moor (named after the river) to Bodmin Moor 1840 Extracted from the 1840 Tithe Map and Apportionment Book (showing ownership, occupation and tithes due for all property in North Hill parish); the two residences are shaded in pink; farm buildings were coloured grey. 1840 Tithe Map

Numbers are explained overleaf 1840 Tithe Map – Apportionment Book Extract

Owner Occupier Place # Property Name Use 1772 Coppice Wood oak coppice 1773 Wood timber and under.. 1857 Higher Down coarse pasture, furze and arable 1865 Lower Down arable, coarse pasture and timber North Botternell 1866 Down Meadow pasture 1867 Furze Park arable 1871 Three Quarters arable occasionally 1874 Quillet arable 1998 Yonder Coleridge arable 2000 Homer Coleridge arable 2003 Bakes Park meadow 2004 Homestead and Linhay house and yard 2005 Garden garden Edward Kingbear 2006 Houses and Garden house and orchard Duke of Cornwall Budge Caunter 2031 Little Meadow meadow 2032 Higher Broom Park arable occasionally 2033 Middle Broom Park arable 2034 Lower Broom Park arable 2035 Yonder Bladder Park arable 2041 Above Town arable 2045 Garden - 2047 Orchard - North Botternell 2048 House and Garden House and garden 2049 Mowhay mowhay 2050 Orchard orchard 2054 Bladder Park arable Kingbear 2058 Higher Moor Meadow meadow North Botternell 2061 Moor Meadow meadow 1840 Tithe Map – Apportionment Book Extract

Owner Occupier Place # Property Name Use 1774 Wood oak coppice 1775 Oak Coppice oak coppice 1776 Down arable and coarse pasture 1777 Down arable North Botternell 1778 Down arable 1858 Homer Down arable 1859 Lane road 1860 Down arable 1861 Down arable and coarse pasture Botternell 1862 Coppice oak coppice 1863 Down arable 1864 Down Meadow meadow 1868 Under Town arable North Botternell 1869 Lower Orchard orchard Edward 1870 Furze Park arable occasionally Duke of Cornwall and Edward Foote Foote 1872 Three Quarters arable 1873 New Park arable Botternell 1996 Coppice oak coppice 1997 Wood Park arable 1999 Fley Park arable 2036 Higher Beakes Park arable 2037 Lower Beakes Park arable 2040 Cross Park arable 2042 Orchard and Mowhay mowhay and orchard North Botternell 2043 Houses Garden and Yard houses and yard 2044 Higher Orchard orchard 2046 Nursery orchard and garden 2051 Garden garden and orchard 2053 Homer Beakes Park arable 2057 Coumbe Meadow meadow 1840 Tithe Map – Apportionment Book Extract

Owner Occupier Place # Property Name Use 2066 Marsh Meadow meadow Thomas Edward 2068 Little Field arable occasionally Kingsbeare Bewes Foote 2069 Outer Field arable 2070 Great Field arable occasionally Uphill 1779 Down coarse pasture and furze and arable Bathpool Down 1831 Part Bathpool Ham timber Uphill 1833 Meadow meadow Thomas Francis Rodd 1851 Lower Down arable Horrell 1852 Middle Down arable and coarse pasture Bathpool Down 1855 Higher Down arable and coarse pasture 1856 Higher Down coarse pasture and timber Robert Stephens Bathpool 1832 Garden - 1830 Grove plantation and pasture 1848 Nursery Orchard orchard Uphill 1853 Lower Down arable and coarse pasture John 1854 Higher Down arable and coarse pasture John Peter Snr Peter 1875 Nickell Wood timber and hasle? Coppice 1876 Higher Wicketts arable Rudge Wood 1877 Middle Wicketts arable and copse 1878 Lower Wicketts arable Walter Dawe 1849 House and Garden - Bathpool John Darley and Robert Stephens 1850 House and Orchard - 1840 Tithe Map – Land Owners

Duke of Cornwall Duke of Cornwall & Edward Foote Duke of Cornwall & Robert Dawe Francis Rodd John Peter Snr 1840 Tithe Map – Land Occupiers

Edward Budge Caunter Edward Foote Robert Dawe Thomas Horrell John Peter John Darley and Robert Stephens Robert Stephens Walter Dawe 1840 Tithe Map – Land Occupiers with 2011 Field Boundaries

Edward Budge Caunter Edward Foote Robert Dawe Thomas Horrell John Peter John Darley and Robert Stephens Robert Stephens Walter Dawe 1841 census

North Boternell

Edwd Foott, 40, Farmer, Born In county, , Mahala Foutt, 40, In county, , John Foutt, 15, In county, , Mary Foutt, 15, In county, , Emma Foutt, 14, In county, , Edwd Foutt, 12, In county, , Wm Foutt, 10, In county, , Eliz Foutt, 9, In county, , Harry Foutt, 7, In county, North Boternell , Jane Foutt, 5, In county, , Charles Foutt, 2, In county, Edwd Budge Caunter, 40, Farmer, Born In county, , Edwin Foutt, 2m, In county, , Rebecca Caunter, 35, In county, , Susan Brown, 4, In county, , Richd B Caunter, 14, In county, , Edwd B Caunter, 12, In county, , Lydia Caunter, 10, In county, , Mary Caunter, 2, In county, , Ann Caunter, 65, Independ’t Means, In county, , Wm Jasper, 20, Male Servant, In county, , Thos Shouvell, 15, Male Servant, In county, , Mary Tucker, 15, Female Servant, In county, 1851 census

North Butternell

Edward Foott, Head, Married, 54, Farmer 100 Acres Empl 2 Lab 1 B, North Hill Cornwall, , Mahala Foott, Wife, Married, 52, North Hill Cornwall, , John B Foott, Son, Unmarried, 27, Farmers Son Empld On The Farm, North Hill Cornwall, , Mary Foott, Dau, Unmarried, 26, Farmers Dau Empld At Home, North Hill Cornwall, , Harry Foott, Son, 16, Farmers Son Empld On The Farm, North Hill Cornwall, , Jane Foott, Dau, 15, Farmers Dau Empld At Home, North Hill Cornwall, , Charles Foott, Son, 12, Farmers Son Empld On The Farm, North Hill Cornwall, , Edwin Foott, Son, 10, Farmers Son Empld On The Farm, North Hill Cornwall,

North Butternell

Edward B Caunter, Head, Married, 57, Farmer 50 Acres Empl 3 Lab, North Hill Cornwall, , Rebecca Caunter, Wife, Married, 46, Linkinhorne Cornwall, , Edward Caunter, Son, Unmarried, 21, Farmers Son Empld On The Farm, Linkinhorne , Lydia Caunter, Dau, Unmarried, 19, Farmers Dau Empld At Home, Linkinhorne Cornwall, , Ellen Caunter, Dau, 17, Farmers Dau Empld At Home, Linkinhorne Cornwall, , Mary Caunter, Dau, 12, Farmers Dau Empld At Home, Linkinhorne Cornwall, , Harry Coumbe, Servnt, 17, Ag Lab, Linkinhorne Cornwall, 1861 census Botternell

Edward Foott, Head, Married, 64, Farmer Of 96a Emp 2 Men+1 Boy, North Hill Cornwall, ,Mahala Foott, Wife, Married, 62, Farmer's Wife, North Hill Cornwall, ,Edward Foott, Son, Unmarried, 33, Carpenter, North Hill Cornwall, ,Harry Foott, Son, Unmarried, 26, Farmer's Son, North Hill Cornwall, ,Jane Foott, Dau, Unmarried, 25, Farmer's Daur, North Hill Cornwall, ,Charles Foott, Son, Unmarried, 22, Famer's Son, North Hill Cornwall, ,William Couch, Servnt, Unmarried, 10, Farm Servt, North Hill Cornwall, ,Edwin Foott, Son, Unmarried, 20, Seaman R.N., North Hill Cornwall,

Botternell – dwelling not known

James Edwards, Head, Married, 31, Blacksmith, Boconnock ,Mary Edwards*, Wife, Married, 36, Blacksmith's Wife, North Hill ,William F Edwards, Son, 2, Blacksmith's Son, North Hill ,Mary E Edwards, Dau, 1m, Blacksmith's Daur, North Hill *James Edwards married Mary Foott, daughter of Edward in 1857 Botternell

Edward B Caunter, Head, Married, 60, Farmer 124 Ac Emp 2 Boys, North Hill Cornwall, ,Rebecca W Caunter, Wife, Married, 56, Farmer's Wife, Linkinhorne Cornwall, ,Ellen B Caunter, Dau, Unmarried, 27, Famer's Daur, North Hill Cornwall, ,Mary Caunter, Dau, Unmarried, 22, Famer's Daur, North Hill Cornwall, ,Silas Harfoot, Servnt ,Unmarried, 15, Farm Serv, North Hill Cornwall, ,John Sampson, Servnt, 13, Farm Serv, Linkinhorne Cornwall, 1871 census

North Botternell

Edwd Foote, Head, Widower, 74, Retired Farmer, North Hill ,Jane Foote, Dau, Unmarried, 34, Housekeeper, North Hill ,Emma Foote, Grndau, 8, Scholar, North Hill, ,Michael Harris, Boarder, 18, Granite Labourer, North Hill

North Botternell

Geo Sargent, Head, Married, 45, Ag Lab, South Petherwin ,Mary Sargent, Wife, Married, 50, South Petherwin ,Eliz Sargent, Dau, Unmarried, 13, Dressmaker, Lezant

North Botternell

Rd Hick, Head, Married, 54, Farmer 34 Ac, Padstow ,Mary Ann Hick, Wife, Married, 52, St Minver ,Amanda Hick, Dau, Unmarried, 18, Domestic, Luxullian 1881 census North Boternall

Harry Foot, Head, Married, 46, Farm Labourer, North Hill ,Jane Foot, Wife, Married, 39, St Stephens ,Edwin G. Foot, Son, 14, Scholar, St Stephens ,John S Foot, Son, 11, Scholar, St Stephens ,Georgina L Foot, Dau, 8, Scholar, Linkinhorne ,Cordelia U Foot, Dau, 6, Linkinhorne

North Boternall

James Sargent, Head, Married, 26, Farmer Of 40 Acres Employing 1 Boy, Linkinhorne ,Mary E Sargent, Wife, Married, 24, St Dominick ,Gertrude Sargent, Dau, 2, Linkinhorne ,Thomas G Sargent, Son, 2 weeks, Linkinhorne ,Frank Snowdon, Servant, 14, Farm Servant (Indoor), Cornwall

Botternell Mills – first mention on a census

Briant Stephens, Head, Married, 36, Miller, Woolfardisworthy Devon ,Hannah M Stephens, Wife, Married, 36,Sutcombe Devon ,William J Stephens, Son, 14, Apprentice To A Blacksmith, North Hill ,Ann Stephens, Dau, 11, Scholar, North Hill ,Helena Stephens, Dau, 8, Scholar, North Hill ,Effie Stephens, Dau, 5, Scholar, North Hill ,Delia Stephens, Dau, 3, North Hill ,John H Toms, Boarder, Single, 21, Blacksmith, Liskeard 1882 First Edition 25” map 1891 census Botternell

James Sargent, Head, Married, 36, Farmer, Employer, Linkinhorne , Mary E Sargent, Wife, Married, 34, St. Dominic , Gertrude Sargent, Daur, 12, Scholar, Northhill ,Thomas Sargent, Son, 10, Scholar, Northhill ,George Sargent, Son, 9, Scholar, Northhill ,Harry Sargent, Son, 7, Scholar, Northhill ,John Sargent, Son, 6, Scholar, Northhill ,Richard Sargent, Son, 5, Scholar, Northhill ,Maud Sargent, Daur, 4, Scholar, Northhill ,James Sargent, Son, 2, Scholar, Northhill ,Kitty Sargent, Daur, 1, Northhill ,William Sandercock, Servt, Single, 20, Farm Servant, Employed, Cornwall ,Elizabeth Dymond, Servt, Single, 20, Domestic Servant, Linkinhorne

Botternell - one uninhabited residential building - Botternell

Briant Stephens, Head, Married, 46, Miller, Woolfardisworthy Devon ,Hannah M Stephens, Wife, Married, 46,Sutcombe Devon ,Effie Stephens, Dau, 15, Scholar, North Hill ,Delia Stephens, Dau, 13, Scholar, North Hill ,Briant Stephens, Son, 5, North Hill , William Gray, Lodger, Single, 54, Living On Own Means, Plymouth Devon 1901 census Botternell

James Sargent, Head, Married, 46, Farmer, Employer, Linkinhorne , Mary Ellen Sargent, Wife, Married, 44, St. Dominic , Gertrude E Sargent, Daur, Single, 22, Northhill ,Thomas G Sargent, Son, Single, 20, Attends Cattle, Northhill ,George Sargent, Son, Single, 19, Attends Cattle, Northhill ,Harry Sargent, Son, Single, 17, Works Horses, Northhill ,John Sargent, Son, 15, Works Horses on Farm, Northhill ,Richard Sargent, Son, 14, Northhill ,Maude Sargent, Daur, 13, Northhill ,James Sargent, Son, 12, Northhill ,Kitty Sargent, Daur, 11, Northhill ,Clara Sargent, Daur, 10, Northhill ,William Sargent, Son, 8, Northhill ,Mary G Sargent, Daur, 6, Northhill ,Ellen Sargent, Daur, 5, Northhill ,Francis Sargent, Son, 4, Northhill

Botternell Cottage - one uninhabited residential building -

Newmills Cottage - one uninhabited building - 1906 – Ordnance Survey Second Edition 25” map 1911 census Botternell – the farmhouse had 9 rooms including 6 bedrooms

James Sargent, Head, 56, Married for 33 years, 56, Farmer, Employer, Linkinhorne , Mary E Sargent, Wife, 53, Married for 33 years (15 children of whom 14 were still alive), St. Dominic ,Thomas G Sargent, Son, 30, Single, Working on Farm, Northhill ,George Sargent, Son, 28, Single, Royal Navy, Northhill ,Harry Sargent, Son, 26, Single, Working on Farm, Northhill ,Richard Sargent, Son, 24, Single, Working on Farm, Northhill ,Maude Sargent, Daur, 22, Single, Domestic, Northhill ,Kitty Sargent, Daur, 21, Single, Domestic, Northhill ,William Sargent, Son, 18, Single, Working on Farm, Northhill ,Francis Sargent, Son, 14, school, Northhill 1950 – Ordnance Survey 2½” map

1962 – Ordnance Survey 1” map c1967 1976 1994 1994 1994 c2000 c2005 c2006 2011