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Ohio’s Learning Standards Technology

ADOPTED APRIL 2017 2 OHIO’S LEARNING STANDARDS | TECHNOLOGY | ADOPTED 2017

Table of Contents

Introduction to Ohio’s Learning Standards for Technology ...... 4 GUIDING ASSUMPTIONS ...... 4 OF OHIO’S LEARNING STANDARDS: TECHNOLOGY ...... 4 WHAT OHIO’S LEARNING STANDARDS FOR TECHNOLOGY DO ...... 4 Each Child, Our ...... 5 FOUNDATIONAL AND SKILLS ...... 5 -ROUNDED CONTENT ...... 5 LEADERSHIP AND REASONING SKILLS ...... 5 SOCIAL-EMOTIONAL LEARNING ...... 5 Organization of the Grade Band Standards ...... 6 Strand and Topic Descriptions ...... 7 Information and Technology ...... 7 and Technology ...... 7 and Technology ...... 7 Kindergarten - Grade 2 ...... 8 Information and Communications Technology ...... 8 Society and Technology ...... 9 Design and Technology ...... 10 Grade 3 – Grade 5 ...... 11 Information and Communications Technology ...... 11 Society and Technology ...... 12 Design and Technology ...... 13 Grade 6 – Grade 8 ...... 14 Information and Communications Technology ...... 14 Society and Technology ...... 15

3 OHIO’S LEARNING STANDARDS | TECHNOLOGY | ADOPTED 2017

Design and Technology ...... 16 Grade 9 – Grade 12 ...... 18 Information and Communications Technology ...... 18 Society and Technology ...... 20 Design and Technology ...... 21 Standards Organized By Strand ...... 22 Information and Communications Technology ...... 22 Information and Communications Technology ...... 23 Information and Communications Technology ...... 24 Information and Communications Technology ...... 25 Society and Technology ...... 26 Society and Technology ...... 27 Society and Technology ...... 28 Design and Technology ...... 29 Design and Technology ...... 30 Design and Technology ...... 31 Design and Technology ...... 32 Acknowledgements ...... 33 Advisory Committee Members ...... 33 Team Members ...... 34

OHIO’S LEARNING STANDARDS | TECHNOLOGY | ADOPTED 2017 4

Introduction to Ohio’s Learning GUIDING ASSUMPTIONS Ohio’s Learning Standards for Technology define what students need Standards for Technology to know and be able to do to succeed in a technological world. The State Board of approved Ohio’s Learning Standards for PHILOSOPHY OF OHIO’S LEARNING STANDARDS: Technology for grades K-12 in April 2017, per Ohio law. This standards document includes the revised technology standards for grades K-12. TECHNOLOGY Ohio’s Learning Standards for Technology incorporate the following The 2017 Ohio Learning Standards for Technology are the of Ohio strands across the grade bands: Information and Communications educators. Education professionals from across the state made up the Technology, Society and Technology, and Design and Technology. advisory committee and working group responsible for revising the 2003 standards. This collaboration brought together representatives These strands provide three through which kindergarten through from K-12 and higher education, educational centers, state grade 12 students consider and engage with technology. Together, technology agencies and associations; participants from urban, rural they instill in students a broad, rich understanding of technology and its and suburban areas; and a range of educators, including curriculum effective use and role in their world − an understanding they need to directors, administrators, , technology coordinators, become technology-literate citizens. technology coaches and library media specialists. Feedback on the revisions was received from regional focus groups open to all Ohio WHAT OHIO’S LEARNING STANDARDS FOR educators. Additional feedback was received and via an online survey TECHNOLOGY DO open to the public. The process produced a rigorous set of technology Ohio’s Learning Standards for Technology: learning standards that reflect the varied perspectives of Ohio residents. • Balance knowledge, conceptual understanding and skill The standards are organized by grade bands so students at the end of development; each grade band have acquired the content and skills outlined. The • grades K-2 and 3-5 standards complement what educators already are Address significant understandings that are the basis for teaching as part of Ohio’s Learning Standards in English students to make sound technological decisions; Arts, , and Social Studies. The technology standards connect these content areas and offer students ways to • Focus on important topics in technology; and apply in the real world the skills and content they already are learning. • Represent a progression across grade bands. The standards for each grade band provide a clear progression of content knowledge and skills that are appropriate for students at that level. Teachers can incorporate the standards in the middle grades and high school into standalone courses or integrate them into other appropriate courses.

OHIO’S LEARNING STANDARDS | TECHNOLOGY | ADOPTED 2017 5

among ideas and concepts. The Society and Technology strand Each Child, Our Future highlights the interconnectedness of technology, self, society and the natural world. Through this strand, students investigate the ethical, As proposed in Ohio’s strategic for education, each child in Ohio legal, political and global impact of technology. Through the Information is challenged to discover and learn, prepared to pursue a fulfilling post- and Communications Technology strand, students use digital and high school path and empowered to become a resilient, lifelong learner resources as they communicate their knowledge. who contributes to society.

The strategic plan also acknowledges a major education policy shift around technology. A student’s ability to strategically use technology LEADERSHIP AND REASONING SKILLS now is recognized as foundational and just as important as mathematics and English language arts, from which all other learning Future success will require students to exhibit both leadership and is built. reasoning skills. These can include problem-solving, design thinking, , and data analytics. In the Design and Technology strand, Four equal learning domains challenge, prepare and empower students students begin in kindergarten identifying a problem and using an for success beyond high school by giving them tools to become design process to solve the problem. As they resilient, lifelong learners. Ohio’s Learning Standards for Technology each year, their , products, and evaluation processes become support each of the four domains. more sophisticated. FOUNDATIONAL KNOWLEDGE AND SKILLS SOCIAL-EMOTIONAL LEARNING To be successful in Ohio’s ever-changing , students must be Living as part of a community involves understanding the importance equipped with foundational knowledge and skills that support lifelong of social interaction and personal feelings. Social-emotional learning learning. The Information and Technology strand includes competencies like self-, social awareness, emphasizes students identifying and using digital learning tools and collaboration, empathy, relationship skills and responsible decision- resources to locate, evaluate and use information as they construct making. The Society and Technology strand emphasizes knowledge. communication and collaboration. This strand also addresses the impact technology and technology use can have on self and society. WELL-ROUNDED CONTENT The Information and Communications Technology strand also asks Beyond foundational skills and knowledge, students need opportunities students to reflect on what it means to use technology responsibly. to explore a broader range of subjects and disciplines. These explorations enable students to discover connections and relationships

OHIO’S LEARNING STANDARDS | TECHNOLOGY | ADOPTED 2017 6

Organization of the Grade Band Standards

Ohio’s Learning Standards for Technology address the same strands and topics in each grade band. The content statements provide the focus of instruction for the grade band.

Strands are overarching ideas and provide three lenses through which kindergarten through grade 12 students consider and engage with technology. Topics organize and focus the instruction. Each strand is broken into several topics. Topic statements remain consistent from kindergarten to grade 12. Content Statements further refine the topic statements to define what students should know and be able to do at each grade band. These standards do not dictate curriculum or teaching methods. For example, while topic 1 appears before topic 2 in the standards for a given grade- band, teachers do not need to teach topic 1 before topic 2. A might prefer to teach topic 2 before topic 1 or might choose to highlight connections by teaching topic 1 and topic 2 at the same time. The lowercase letters do not indicate a preferred order. They do not show relationships from topic to topic. They are included in order to facilitate discussions, planning and implementation of the standards. For example, the abbreviation K-2.ICT.1.a refers to grade band K-2, strand Information Communication Technology, Topic 1, Content Statement a.

OHIO’S LEARNING STANDARDS | TECHNOLOGY | ADOPTED 2017 7

Strand and Topic Descriptions INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATIONS TECHNOLOGY The understanding and application of digital learning tools for accessing, creating, evaluating, applying and communicating ideas and information. Topic 1: Identify and use appropriate digital learning tools and resources to accomplish a defined task. Topic 2: Use digital learning tools and resources to locate, evaluate and use information. Topic 3: Use digital learning tools and resources to construct knowledge. Topic 4: Use digital learning tools and resources to communicate and disseminate information to multiple audiences. SOCIETY AND TECHNOLOGY The interconnectedness of technology, self, society and the natural world, specifically addressing the ethical, legal, political and global impact of technology. Topic 1: Demonstrate an understanding of technology’s impact on the advancement of humanity – economically, environmentally and ethically. Topic 2: Analyze the impact of communication and collaboration in both digital and physical environments. Topic 3: Explain how technology, society, and the individual impact one another. DESIGN AND TECHNOLOGY Addresses the of technology to develop and improve products and over time to meet /societal needs and wants through design processes. Topic 1: Define and describe technology, including its core concepts of systems, resources, requirements, processes, controls, optimization and trade-offs. Topic 2: Identify a problem and use an engineering design process to solve the problem. Topic 3: Demonstrate that solutions to complex problems require collaboration, interdisciplinary understanding and systems thinking. Topic 4: Evaluate designs using functional, aesthetic and creative elements.

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Kindergarten - Grade 2

INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATIONS TECHNOLOGY The understanding and application of digital learning tools for accessing, creating, evaluating, applying and communicating ideas and information.

Topic 1: Identify and use appropriate digital learning tools and resources to accomplish a defined task. K-2.ICT.1.a. Develop basic skills for using digital learning tools and resources to accomplish a defined task. K-2.ICT.1.b. With guidance, identify a goal and determine how digital learning tools can help accomplish that goal.

Topic 2: Use digital learning tools and resources to locate, evaluate and use information. K-2.ICT.2.a. Develop basic skills for locating information using digital learning tools and resources. K-2.ICT.2.b. Identify main ideas and details in information found with digital learning tools and resources. Topic 3: Use digital learning tools and resources to construct knowledge. K-2.ICT.3.a. Develop basic skills for gathering and organizing information from multiple digital learning tools and resources to build knowledge. K-2.ICT.3.b. Use visuals found in digital learning tools and resources to clarify and add to knowledge. K-2.ICT.3.c. Collect, record and organize observations and data during student explorations using digital learning tools and resources. K-2.ICT.3.d. With guidance, create artifacts using digital learning tools and resources to demonstrate knowledge.

Topic 4: Use digital learning tools and resources to communicate and disseminate information to multiple audiences. K-2.ICT.4.a. With guidance, discuss and identify communication needs considering the task, situation and information to be shared. K-2.ICT.4.b. With guidance, use digital learning tools to add audio and/or visual media to clarify information. K-2.ICT.4.c. With guidance, select appropriate digital learning tools and resources to produce and publish information.

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SOCIETY AND TECHNOLOGY The interconnectedness of technology, self, society and the natural world, specifically addressing the ethical, legal, political and global impact of technology. Topic 1: Demonstrate an understanding of technology’s impact on the advancement of humanity – economically, environmentally and ethically. K-2.ST.1.a. Demonstrate appropriate and identify inappropriate uses of technology required to be a responsible user. K-2.ST.1.b. Identify positive and negative impacts one’s use of technology can have on oneself and one’s family. Topic 2: Analyze the impact of communication and collaboration in both digital and physical environments. K-2.ST.2.a. Communicate and collaborate using several digital methods. K-2.ST.2.b. Identify positive and negative ways of collaborating in digital and physical environments. K-2.ST.2.c. Investigate how technology does (or does not) impact the way(s) one’s family communicates. Topic 3: Explain how technology, society and the individual impact one another. K-2.ST.3.a. State the advantages and disadvantages of technology in one’s life. K-2.ST.3.b. Identify examples of how technology / can have multiple applications. K-2.ST.3.c. Identify how the use of technology affects self and others in various ways. K-2.ST.3.d. Define and discuss digital identity and digital footprints. K-2.ST.3.e. Provide examples of how rules for respecting others’ belongings apply to digital content and information.

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DESIGN AND TECHNOLOGY Addresses the nature of technology to develop and improve products and systems over time to meet human/societal needs and wants through design processes. Topic 1: Define and describe technology, including its core concepts of systems, resources, requirements, processes, controls, optimization and trade-offs. K-2.DT.1.a. Identify and discuss differences between the human-designed world and the natural world. K-2.DT.1.b. Describe technology as something someone made to meet a want or need. K-2.DT.1.c. Explain that systems have parts or components that work together to accomplish a goal. K-2.DT.1.d. Give examples of how resources such as tools and materials are things that help people get a job done. Topic 2: Identify a problem and use an engineering design process to solve the problem. K-2.DT.2.a. Observe and describe details of an object’s design. K-2.DT.2.b. Demonstrate the ability to follow a simple design process: identify a problem, think about ways to solve the problem, develop possible solutions, and share and evaluate solutions with others. K-2.DT.2.c. Explain that a design process is a plan to find solutions to problems. K-2.DT.2.d. Demonstrate that there are many possible solutions to a design problem. K-2.DT.2.e. Communicate design plans and solutions using drawings and descriptive language. Topic 3: Demonstrate that solutions to complex problems require collaboration, interdisciplinary understanding and systems thinking. K-2.DT.3.a. Describe how different technologies are used in various fields. K-2.DT.3.b. Work as a team to identify possible problems to solve and their potential technological solutions. Topic 4: Evaluate designs using functional, aesthetic and creative elements. K-2.DT.4.a. Identify and discuss the use of aesthetics in everyday objects. K-2.DT.4.b. Identify and discuss functional aspects of everyday objects. K-2.DT.4.c. Identify and discuss examples of creativity found in everyday objects. K-2.DT.4.d. Discuss and give examples of how changes in design can be used to strengthen or improve a product.

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Grade 3 – Grade 5

INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATIONS TECHNOLOGY The understanding and application of digital learning tools for accessing, creating, evaluating, applying and communicating ideas and information.

Topic 1: Identify and use appropriate digital learning tools and resources to accomplish a defined task. 3-5.ICT.1.a. With guidance, identify and use digital learning tools or resources to support planning, implementing and reflecting upon a defined task. 3-5.ICT.1.b. Explain the use of selected digital learning tools and resources to support and learning. Topic 2: Use digital learning tools and resources to locate, evaluate and use information. 3-5.ICT.2.a. Identify questions related to a topic of interest to broaden or narrow the topic as needed. 3-5.ICT.2.b. Use appropriate search techniques to locate needed information using digital learning tools and resources. 3-5.ICT.2.c. Use multiple criteria developed with guidance to differentiate between relevant and irrelevant information found with digital learning tools and resources. 3-5.ICT.2.d. Explain basic ideas of plagiarism and copyright. 3-5.ICT.2.e. Use digital citation tools to cite sources with appropriate guidance. Topic 3: Use digital learning tools and resources to construct knowledge. 3-5.ICT.3.a. Gather, organize and summarize information from multiple digital learning tools and resources to build knowledge of a topic. 3-5.ICT.3.b. Interpret images, diagrams, , graphs, infographics, videos, animations, interactives, etc., in digital learning tools and resources to clarify and add to knowledge. 3-5.ICT.3.c. Organize observations and data collected during student explorations to determine if patterns are present. 3-5.ICT.3.d. Create artifacts using digital learning tools and resources to demonstrate knowledge.

Topic 4: Use digital learning tools and resources to communicate and disseminate information to multiple audiences. 3-5.ICT.4.a. With guidance, discuss and identify communication needs considering goals, audience and content. 3-5.ICT.4.b. With guidance, select media formats appropriate to content and audience. 3-5.ICT.4.c. Evaluate the features of digital learning tools and resources based on the characteristics of a specific audience. 3-5.ICT.4.d. Produce and publish information appropriate for a target audience using digital learning tools and resources.

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SOCIETY AND TECHNOLOGY The interconnectedness of technology, self, society and the natural world, specifically addressing the ethical, legal, political and global impact of technology. Topic 1: Demonstrate an understanding of technology’s impact on the advancement of humanity – economically, environmentally and ethically. 3-5.ST.1.a. Demonstrate appropriate use of technology and explain the importance of responsible and ethical technology use. 3-5.ST.1.b. Identify positive and negative impacts one’s use of personal technology and technology systems (e.g., , transportation, generation, water treatment) can have on one’s community. 3-5.ST.1.c. Describe legal and responsible practices when utilizing technology. Topic 2: Analyze the impact of communication and collaboration in both digital and physical environments. 3-5.ST.2.a. Create a plan and select collaboration and/or communication tools to complete a given task. 3-5.ST.2.b. Exercise digital etiquette when communicating and collaborating. 3-5.ST.2.c. Identify the positive and negative impact the use of technology can have on relationships, communities and self. Topic 3: Explain how technology, society and the individual impact one another. 3-5.ST.3.a. Describe the advantages and disadvantages of technology (past, present, future) to understand the relationship between technology, society and the individual. 3-5.ST.3.b. Demonstrate how technology innovations/inventions can have multiple applications. 3-5.ST.3.c. Identify and discuss how the use of technology affects self and others in various ways. 3-5.ST.3.d. Identify the components of one’s digital identity and one’s digital footprint. 3-5.ST.3.e. Identify and discuss laws and rules that apply to digital content and information.

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DESIGN AND TECHNOLOGY Addresses the nature of technology to develop and improve products and systems over time to meet human/societal needs and wants through design processes. Topic 1: Define and describe technology, including its core concepts of systems, resources, requirements, processes, controls, optimization and trade-offs. 3-5.DT.1.a. Demonstrate how applying human knowledge using tools and extends human capabilities to meet our needs and wants. 3-5.DT.1.b. Give examples of how requirements for a product can limit the design possibilities for that product. 3-5.DT.1.c. Describe a process as a series of actions and how it is used to produce a result. 3-5.DT.1.d. Identify and describe examples of technology products and processes. 3-5.DT.1.e. Explain how controls use information to cause systems to change, like a home thermostat turning on the heat based on the low temperature of a room. Topic 2: Identify a problem and use an engineering design process to solve the problem. 3-5.DT.2.a. Critique needs and opportunities for designing solutions. 3-5.DT.2.b. Plan and implement a design process: identify a problem, think about ways to solve the problem, develop possible solutions, test and evaluate solution(s), present a possible solution, and redesign to improve the solution. 3-5.DT.2.c. Generate, develop and communicate design ideas and decisions using appropriate terms and graphical representations. Topic 3: Demonstrate that solutions to complex problems require collaboration, interdisciplinary understanding and systems thinking. 3-5.DT.3.a. Design a product with multiple components and describe how the components interact to form a . 3-5.DT.3.b. Explore and document connections between technology and other fields of study. 3-5.DT.3.c. Identify a product and describe how people from different disciplines combined their skills in the design and production of the product. Topic 4: Evaluate designs using functional, aesthetic and creative elements. 3-5.DT.4.a. Use criteria developed with guidance to evaluate a new or improved product for its functional, aesthetic and creative elements. 3-5.DT.4.b. Examine a familiar product or process and suggest improvements to its design.

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Grade 6 – Grade 8

INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATIONS TECHNOLOGY The understanding and application of digital learning tools for accessing, creating, evaluating, applying and communicating ideas and information.

Topic 1: Identify and use appropriate digital learning tools and resources to accomplish a defined task. 6-8.ICT.1.a. Develop criteria for selecting digital learning tools and resources to accomplish a defined task. 6-8.ICT.1.b. Select and use digital learning tools or resources to support planning, implementing and reflecting upon a defined task. 6-8.ICT.1.c. Evaluate the use of digital learning tools and resources to support learning and productivity. Topic 2: Use digital learning tools and resources to locate, evaluate and use information. 6-8.ICT.2.a. Use advanced search techniques to locate needed information using digital learning tools and resources. 6-8.ICT.2.b. Use multiple criteria to evaluate the validity of information found with digital learning tools and resources. 6-8.ICT.2.c. Apply principles of copyright, use digital citation tools and use strategies to avoid plagiarism. Topic 3: Use digital learning tools and resources to construct knowledge. 6-8.ICT.3.a. Analyze and integrate textual, visual and quantitative information (e.g., images, diagrams, maps, graphs, infographics, videos, animations, interactives) from multiple digital learning tools and resources. 6-8.ICT.3.b. Analyze data collected or retrieved from a variety of digital learning tools and resources to determine if patterns or trends are present. 6-8.ICT.3.c. Create artifacts using digital learning tools and resources to demonstrate knowledge.

Topic 4: Use digital learning tools and resources to communicate and disseminate information to multiple audiences. 6-8.ICT.4.a. Use digital learning tools and resources to identify communication needs considering goals, audience and content. 6-8.ICT.4.b. Select and use a variety of media formats to communicate information to a target audience. 6-8.ICT.4.c. Discuss and identify ways to communicate and disseminate information so that users with varied needs can access information. 6-8.ICT.4.d. Evaluate the effectiveness of a digital to communicate information with multiple audiences.

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SOCIETY AND TECHNOLOGY The interconnectedness of technology, self, society and the natural world, specifically addressing the ethical, legal, political and global impact of technology. Topic 1: Demonstrate an understanding of technology’s impact on the advancement of humanity – economically, environmentally and ethically. 6-8.ST.1.a. Advocate and exhibit ethical, legal and responsible practices when utilizing technology. 6-8.ST.1.b. Explore the advantages and disadvantages of widespread use, accessibility and reliance on technology in one’s world. 6-8.ST.1.c. Review and demonstrate ethical considerations and legal requirements involved in the creation and use of digital technologies. 6-8.ST.1.d. Analyze an environmental concern and investigate technology solutions to that problem. Topic 2: Analyze the impact of communication and collaboration in both digital and physical environments. 6-8.ST.2.a. Critique specific instances of how technology has impacted access to information, communications and collaboration. 6-8.ST.2.b. Explain the positive and negative impact the use of technology can have on personal, professional and community relationships. 6-8.ST.2.c. Investigate how impacts society and the digital identities of individuals and organizations. 6-8.ST.2.d. Apply appropriate interactions and digital etiquette in varying contexts, reflecting upon potential impacts in both digital and physical environments. Topic 3: Explain how technology, society and the individual impact one another. 6-8.ST.3.a. Discuss and define how issues (e.g., economic, political, scientific and cultural) are influenced by the development and use of technology. 6-8.ST.3.b. Explain how new technology development is driven by factors such as commercialization, creative/inventive thinking and cultural/historical influence. 6-8.ST.3.c. Analyze how technological innovations and inventions can have multiple applications, both intended and unintended. 6-8.ST.3.d. Describe the impact of an individual’s wants, values and interests on the development of new technologies. 6-8.ST.3.e. Manage components of one’s digital identity and one’s digital footprint. 6-8.ST.3.f. Evaluate current and past revisions to laws, rules and policies as society responds to technological advancements.

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DESIGN AND TECHNOLOGY Addresses the nature of technology to develop and improve products and systems over time to meet human/societal needs and wants through design processes. Topic 1: Define and describe technology, including its core concepts of systems, resources, requirements, processes, controls, optimization and trade-offs. 6-8.DT.1.a. Explore and document how technology can impact efficiency. 6-8.DT.1.b. Analyze how tools, materials and processes are used to alter the natural and human-designed worlds. 6-8.DT.1.c. Define and categorize the requirements of a design as either criteria or constraints. 6-8.DT.1.d. Explain how optimization is the process of making a product as fully functional and effective as possible. 6-8.DT.1.e. Describe how trade-offs involve a choice of one quality over another. 6-8.DT.1.f. Give examples of how trade-offs must occur when optimizing a design in order to maintain design requirements. Topic 2: Identify a problem and use an engineering design process to solve the problem. 6-8.DT.2.a. Apply a complete design process to solve an identified individual or community problem: , develop, test, evaluate and present several possible solutions, and redesign to improve the solution. 6-8.DT.2.b. Describe how is a process of turning ideas and imagination into devices and systems. 6-8.DT.2.c. Explain how is the process of modifying an existing system or system element(s) to improve it. 6-8.DT.2.d. Consider multiple factors, including criteria and constraints, (e.g., research, cost, time, materials, feedback, safety) to justify decisions when developing products and systems to solve problems. 6-8.DT.2.e. Identify and explain why effective designs develop from non-linear, flexible application of a design process. Topic 3: Demonstrate that solutions to complex problems require collaboration, interdisciplinary understanding and systems thinking. 6-8.DT.3.a. Collaborate to solve a problem as an interdisciplinary team modeling different roles and functions. 6-8.DT.3.b. Explain ways that invention and innovation within one field can transfer into other fields of technology. 6-8.DT.3.c. Evaluate the effectiveness of the group’s collaboration during the engineering design process and the contribution of the varying roles. 6-8.DT.3.d. Give examples of how changes in one part of a system can impact other parts of that system. 6-8.DT.3.e. Deconstruct a system into its component parts and describe how they interrelate.

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Topic 4: Evaluate designs using functional, aesthetic and creative elements. 6-8.DT.4.a. Examine the progression of a product to identify how the functional, aesthetic and creative elements were applied. 6-8.DT.4.b. Analyze environments or products that are examples of the application of the principles of universal or inclusive design. 6-8.DT.4.c. Apply the design principle “form follows function” to develop a product.

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Grade 9 – Grade 12

INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATIONS TECHNOLOGY The understanding and application of digital learning tools for accessing, creating, evaluating, applying and communicating ideas and information.

Topic 1: Identify and use appropriate digital learning tools and resources to accomplish a defined task. 9-12.ICT.1.a. Develop strategies for using digital learning tools and resources to plan, implement and reflect upon a complex task. 9-12.ICT.1.b. Based on project-specific requirements, develop criteria to select digital learning tools and resources to support the concurrent management of multiple projects. 9-12.ICT.1.c. Analyze and evaluate the ease of use and effectiveness of available features of selected digital learning tools and resources. Topic 2: Use digital learning tools and resources to locate, evaluate and use information. 9-12.ICT.2.a. Use advanced search and filtering techniques to locate needed information using digital learning tools and resources. 9-12.ICT.2.b. Independently construct an evaluative process for information sources chosen for a learning task. 9-12.ICT.2.c. Analyze the and discrepancies found in digital information to make informed decisions. 9-12.ICT.2.d. Apply principles of copyright, use digital citation tools and use strategies to avoid plagiarism when using the work of others as well as creating personal work. Topic 3: Use digital learning tools and resources to construct knowledge. 9-12.ICT.3.a. Synthesize textual, visual and quantitative research and data (e.g., images, diagrams, maps, graphs, infographics, videos, animations, interactives) from a variety of digital learning tools and resources. 9-12.ICT.3.b. Analyze relationships and forecast outcomes using data collected by students or retrieved from a variety of digital learning tools and resources. 9-12.ICT.3.c. Create artifacts using digital learning tools and resources to demonstrate knowledge.

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Topic 4: Use digital learning tools and resources to communicate and disseminate information to multiple audiences. 9-12.ICT.4.a. Use digital learning tools and resources to identify communication needs considering goals, audience, content, access to tools or devices, timing of communication (e.g., time zones), etc. 9-12.ICT.4.b. Based on communication needs, develop, implement and evaluate a communication plan to disseminate information to multiple audiences. 9-12.ICT.4.c. Integrate accessibility principles to effectively communicate to, and meet the needs of, multiple audiences. 9-12.ICT.4.d. Use digital learning tools to represent and model complex systems of information to a target audience.

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SOCIETY AND TECHNOLOGY The interconnectedness of technology, self, society and the natural world, specifically addressing the ethical, legal, political and global impact of technology. Topic 1: Demonstrate an understanding of technology’s impact on the advancement of humanity – economically, environmentally and ethically. 9-12.ST.1.a. Interpret, and practice, ethical considerations and legal requirements involved in the creation and use of digital technologies. 9-12.ST.1.b. Debate the advantages and disadvantages of widespread use, accessibility, and reliance on technology in one’s world, in the workplace and in global society. 9-12.ST.1.c. Select a technology and analyze its global impact across multiple disciplines. Topic 2: Analyze the impact of communication and collaboration in both digital and physical environments. 9-12.ST.2.a. Demonstrate and advocate effective collaboration strategies and techniques using technology. 9-12.ST.2.b. Describe and demonstrate professionalism and civility in communications and collaborative environments. 9-12.ST.2.c. Analyze how social media impacts society, individuals and organizations. 9-12.ST.2.d. Manage and adjust appropriate interactions and digital etiquette in varying contexts, in digital, physical and cultural environments. Topic 3: Explain how technology, society and the individual impact one another. 9-12.ST.3.a. Debate how demand for technology and innovation have reshaped the social, cultural, political and/or economic landscape, citing references and examples. 9-12.ST.3.b. Discuss how technological innovation has resulted when ideas, knowledge or skills have been shared across multiple fields. 9-12.ST.3.c. Forecast the need to review, adapt, and innovate laws and policies applied to copyrights, , trademarks, and speech. 9-12.ST.3.d. Predict changes in society and intentional and unintentional consequences resulting from continued technological progress and defend the rationale within a given context. 9-12.ST.3.e. Analyze and influence one’s digital identity and digital footprint while considering past, present and future implications.

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DESIGN AND TECHNOLOGY Addresses the nature of technology to develop and improve products and systems over time to meet human/societal needs and wants through design processes. Topic 1: Define and describe technology, including its core concepts of systems, resources, requirements, processes, controls, optimization and trade-offs. 9-12.DT.1.a. Explore and document how systems includes the concepts of system dynamics, systems thinking and computational thinking. 9-12.DT.1.b. Discuss how a design process builds on the core concepts of technology, including the relationship between systems. Topic 2: Identify a problem and use an engineering design process to solve the problem. 9-12.DT.2.a. Evaluate a design solution using conceptual, physical, digital and mathematical models at various intervals of a design process in order to check for proper design and note areas where improvements are needed (e.g., check the design solutions against criteria and constraints). 9-12.DT.2.b. Implement, document and present a design process as applied to a particular product, process or problem. Topic 3: Demonstrate that solutions to complex problems require collaboration, interdisciplinary understanding and systems thinking. 9-12.DT.3.a. Evaluate a technological problem that has benefited from a multidisciplinary approach. 9-12.DT.3.b. Locate and evaluate past predictions about the development of technology. 9-12.DT.3.c. Describe techniques for making decisions about the future development of technology. 9-12.DT.3.d. Analyze the interactions within systems and between systems. 9-12.DT.3.e. Apply systems thinking to solve a complex problem. Topic 4: Evaluate designs using functional, aesthetic and creative elements. 9-12.DT.4.a. Evaluate project/product solutions and communicate observations of the entire design process results. 9-12.DT.4.b. Interpret data/information related to product testing to determine revisions and modifications to a design’s function and aesthetics. 9-12.DT.4.c. Critically evaluate a design solution at multiple points of a design process. Consider design requirements and adjust processes and outcomes as needed. 9-12.DT.4.d. Explain the interrelationship between technology, creativity and innovation.

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Standards Organized By Strand

This section provides the standards organized by strand and topic. This structure gives a better view of how the content statements progress from one grade band to the next. (The content statements are the same as those provided in the previous section, only the layout is different.) INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATIONS TECHNOLOGY

The understanding and application of digital learning tools for accessing, creating, evaluating, applying and communicating ideas and information. Topic 1: Identify and use appropriate digital learning tools and resources to accomplish a defined task. K-2.ICT.1.a. Develop basic skills for 3-5.ICT.1.a. With guidance, 6-8.ICT.1.a. Develop criteria for 9-12.ICT.1.a. Develop strategies using digital learning tools and identify and use digital learning selecting digital learning tools for using digital learning tools resources to accomplish a defined tools or resources to support and resources to accomplish a and resources to plan, task. planning, implementing and defined task. implement and reflect upon a reflecting upon a defined task. complex task. K-2.ICT.1.b. With guidance, identify 6-8.ICT.1.b. Select and use a goal and determine how digital 3-5.ICT.1.b. Explain the use of digital learning tools or 9-12.ICT.1.b. Based on project- learning tools can help accomplish selected digital learning tools and resources to support planning, specific requirements, develop that goal. resources to support productivity implementing and reflecting criteria to select digital learning and learning. upon a defined task. tools and resources to support the concurrent management of 6-8.ICT.1.c. Evaluate the use of multiple projects. digital learning tools and resources to support learning 9-12.ICT.1.c. Analyze and and productivity. evaluate the ease of use and effectiveness of available features of selected digital learning tools and resources.

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INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATIONS TECHNOLOGY The understanding and application of digital learning tools for accessing, creating, evaluating, applying and communicating ideas and information.

Topic 2: Use digital learning tools and resources to locate, evaluate and use information. K-2.ICT.2.a. Develop basic skills for 3-5.ICT.2.a. Identify questions 6-8.ICT.2.a. Use advanced 9-12.ICT.2.a. Use advanced locating information using digital related to a topic of interest to search techniques to locate search and filtering techniques to learning tools and resources. broaden or narrow the topic as needed information using locate needed information using needed. digital learning tools and digital learning tools and K-2.ICT.2.b. Identify main ideas and resources. resources. details in information found with 3-5.ICT.2.b. Use appropriate digital learning tools and resources. search techniques to locate 6-8.ICT.2.b. Use multiple criteria 9-12.ICT.2.b. Independently needed information using digital to evaluate the validity of construct an evaluative process learning tools and resources. information found with digital for information sources chosen for learning tools and resources. a learning task. 3-5.ICT.2.c. Use multiple criteria developed with guidance to 6-8.ICT.2.c. Apply principles of 9-12.ICT.2.c. Analyze the differentiate between relevant and copyright, use digital citation complexities and discrepancies irrelevant information found with tools and use strategies to found in digital information to digital learning tools and avoid plagiarism. make informed decisions. resources. 9-12.ICT.2.d. Apply principles of 3-5.ICT.2.d. Explain basic ideas of copyright, use digital citation tools plagiarism and copyright. and use strategies to avoid plagiarism when using the work of 3-5.ICT.2.e. Use digital citation others as well as creating tools to cite sources with personal work. appropriate guidance.

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INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATIONS TECHNOLOGY The understanding and application of digital learning tools for accessing, creating, evaluating, applying and communicating ideas and information.

Topic 3: Use digital learning tools and resources to construct knowledge. K-2.ICT.3.a. Develop basic skills for 3-5.ICT.3.a. Gather, organize and 6-8.ICT.3.a. Analyze and 9-12.ICT.3.a. Synthesize textual, gathering and organizing information summarize information from integrate textual, visual and visual and quantitative research from multiple digital learning tools and multiple digital learning tools and quantitative information (e.g., and data (e.g., images, diagrams, resources to build knowledge. resources to build knowledge of a images, diagrams, maps, graphs, maps, graphs, infographics, topic. infographics, videos, animations, videos, animations, interactives) K-2.ICT.3.b. Use visuals found in interactives) from multiple digital from a variety of digital learning digital learning tools and resources to 3-5.ICT.3.b. Interpret images, learning tools and resources. tools and resources. clarify and add to knowledge. diagrams, maps, graphs, infographics, videos, animations, 6-8.ICT.3.b. Analyze data 9-12.ICT.3.b. Analyze K-2.ICT.3.c. Collect, record and interactives, etc., in digital collected or retrieved from a relationships and forecast organize observations and data learning tools and resources to variety of digital learning tools outcomes using data collected during student explorations using clarify and add to knowledge. and resources to determine if by students or retrieved from a digital learning tools and resources. patterns or trends are present. variety of digital learning tools 3-5.ICT.3.c. Organize and resources. K-2.ICT.3.d. With guidance, create observations and data collected 6-8.ICT.3.c. Create artifacts artifacts using digital learning tools and during student explorations to using digital learning tools and 9-12.ICT.3.c. Create artifacts resources to demonstrate knowledge. determine if patterns are present. resources to demonstrate using digital learning tools and knowledge. resources to demonstrate 3-5.ICT.3.d. Create artifacts using knowledge. digital learning tools and resources to demonstrate knowledge.

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INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATIONS TECHNOLOGY The understanding and application of digital learning tools for accessing, creating, evaluating, applying and communicating ideas and information. Topic 4: Use digital learning tools and resources to communicate and disseminate information to multiple audiences. K-2.ICT.4.a. With guidance, discuss 3-5.ICT.4.a. With guidance, 6-8.ICT.4.a. Use digital learning 9-12.ICT.4.a. Use digital learning and identify communication needs discuss and identify tools and resources to identify tools and resources to identify considering the task, situation and communication needs communication needs communication needs information to be shared. considering goals, audience and considering goals, audience and considering goals, audience, content. content. content, access to tools or K-2.ICT.4.b. With guidance, use devices, timing of communication digital learning tools to add audio 3-5.ICT.4.b. With guidance, 6-8.ICT.4.b. Select and use a (e.g., time zones), etc. and/or visual media to clarify select media formats appropriate variety of media formats to information. to content and audience. communicate information to a 9-12.ICT.4.b. Based on target audience. communication needs, develop, K-2.ICT.4.c. With guidance, select 3-5.ICT.4.c. Evaluate the features implement and evaluate a appropriate digital learning tools and of digital learning tools and 6-8.ICT.4.c. Discuss and communication plan to resources to produce and publish resources based on the identify ways to communicate disseminate information to information. characteristics of a specific and disseminate information multiple audiences. audience. so that users with varied needs can access information. 9-12.ICT.4.c. Integrate 3-5.ICT.4.d. Produce and publish accessibility principles to information appropriate for a target 6-8.ICT.4.d. Evaluate the effectively communicate to, and audience using digital learning effectiveness of a digital tool meet the needs of, multiple tools and resources. to communicate information audiences. with multiple audiences. 9-12.ICT.4.d. Use digital learning tools to represent and model complex systems of information to a target audience.

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SOCIETY AND TECHNOLOGY

The interconnectedness of technology, self, society and the natural world, specifically addressing the ethical, legal, political and global impact of technology. Topic 1: Demonstrate an understanding of technology’s impact on the advancement of humanity – economically, environmentally and ethically. K-2.ST.1.a. Demonstrate 3-5.ST.1.a. Demonstrate 6-8.ST.1.a. Advocate and exhibit 9-12.ST.1.a. Interpret, and appropriate and identify appropriate use of technology and ethical, legal and responsible practice, ethical considerations inappropriate uses of technology explain the importance of practices when utilizing and legal requirements involved required to be a responsible user. responsible and ethical technology technology. in the creation and use of digital use. 6-8.ST.1.b. Explore the technologies. K-2.ST.1.b. Identify positive and advantages and disadvantages of negative impacts one’s use of 3-5.ST.1.b. Identify positive and widespread use, accessibility and 9-12.ST.1.b. Debate the technology can have on oneself and negative impacts one’s use of reliance on technology in one’s advantages and disadvantages one’s family. personal technology and world. of widespread use, accessibility, technology systems (e.g., 6-8.ST.1.c. Review and and reliance on technology in agriculture, transportation, energy demonstrate ethical one’s world, in the workplace generation, water treatment) can considerations and legal and in global society. have on one’s community. requirements involved in the creation and use of digital 9-12.ST.1.c. Select a technology 3-5.ST.1.c. Describe legal and technologies. and analyze its global impact responsible practices when 6-8.ST.1.d. Analyze an across multiple disciplines. utilizing technology. environmental concern and investigate technology solutions to that problem.

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SOCIETY AND TECHNOLOGY The interconnectedness of technology, self, society and the natural world, specifically addressing the ethical, legal, political and global impact of technology. Topic 2: Analyze the impact of communication and collaboration in both digital and physical environments. K-2.ST.2.a. Communicate and 3-5.ST.2.a. Create a plan and 6-8.ST.2.a. Critique specific 9-12.ST.2.a. Demonstrate and collaborate using several digital select collaboration and/or instances of how technology has advocate effective collaboration methods. communication tools to complete a impacted access to information, strategies and techniques using given task. communications and technology. K-2.ST.2.b. Identify positive and collaboration. negative ways of collaborating in digital 3-5.ST.2.b. Exercise digital 9-12.ST.2.b. Describe and and physical environments. etiquette when communicating and 6-8.ST.2.b. Explain the positive demonstrate professionalism and collaborating. and negative impact the use of civility in communications and K-2.ST.2.c. Investigate how technology can have on personal, collaborative environments. technology does (or does not) impact 3-5.ST.2.c. Identify the positive professional and community the way(s) one’s family and negative impact the use of relationships. 9-12.ST.2.c. Analyze how social communicates. technology can have on media impacts society, individuals relationships, communities and 6-8.ST.2.c. Investigate how social and organizations. self. media impacts society and the digital identities of individuals and 9-12.ST.2.d. Manage and adjust organizations. appropriate interactions and digital etiquette in varying 6-8.ST.2.d. Apply appropriate contexts, in digital, physical and interactions and digital etiquette cultural environments. in varying contexts, reflecting upon potential impacts in both digital and physical environments.

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SOCIETY AND TECHNOLOGY The interconnectedness of technology, self, society and the natural world, specifically addressing the ethical, legal, political and global impact of technology. Topic 3: Explain how technology, society and the individual impact one another. K-2.ST.3.a. State the advantages and 3-5.ST.3.a. Describe the 6-8.ST.3.a. Discuss and define how 9-12.ST.3.a. Debate how demand disadvantages of technology in one’s advantages and disadvantages of issues (e.g., economic, political, for technology and innovation have life. technology (past, present, future) scientific and cultural) are influenced reshaped the social, cultural, to understand the relationship by the development and use of political and/or economic landscape, K-2.ST.3.b. Identify examples of how between technology, society and technology. citing references and examples. technology innovations/inventions can the individual. have multiple applications. 6-8.ST.3.b. Explain how new 9-12.ST.3.b. Discuss how 3-5.ST.3.b. Demonstrate how technology development is driven by technological innovation has K-2.ST.3.c. Identify how the use of technology innovations/inventions factors such as commercialization, resulted when ideas, knowledge or technology affects self and others in can have multiple applications. creative/inventive thinking and skills have been shared across various ways. cultural/historical influence. multiple fields. 3-5.ST.3.c. Identify and discuss K-2.ST.3.d. Define and discuss digital how the use of technology affects 6-8.ST.3.c. Analyze how 9-12.ST.3.c. Forecast the need to identity and digital footprints. self and others in various ways. technological innovations and review, adapt, and innovate laws inventions can have multiple and policies applied to copyrights, K-2.ST.3.e. Provide examples of 3-5.ST.3.d. Identify the applications, both intended and patents, trademarks, and speech. how rules for respecting others’ components of one’s digital unintended. belongings apply to digital content identity and one’s digital footprint. 9-12.ST.3.d. Predict changes in and information. 6-8.ST.3.d. Describe the impact of society and intentional and 3-5.ST.3.e. Identify and discuss an individual’s wants, values and unintentional consequences laws and rules that apply to interests on the development of new resulting from continued digital content and information. technologies. technological progress and defend the rationale within a given context. 6-8.ST.3.e. Manage components of one’s digital identity and one’s digital 9-12.ST.3.e. Analyze and footprint. influence one’s digital identity and digital footprint while considering 6-8.ST.3.f. Evaluate current and past, present and future past revisions to laws, rules and implications. policies as society responds to technological advancements.

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DESIGN AND TECHNOLOGY

Addresses the nature of technology to develop and improve products and systems over time to meet human/societal needs and wants through design processes. Topic 1: Define and describe technology, including its core concepts of systems, resources, requirements, processes, controls, optimization and trade-offs. K-2.DT.1.a. Identify and discuss 3-5.DT.1.a. Demonstrate how 6-8.DT.1.a. Explore and 9-12.DT.1.a. Explore and differences between the human- applying human knowledge using document how technology can document how designed world and the natural world. tools and machines extends impact efficiency. includes the concepts of system human capabilities to meet our dynamics, systems thinking and K-2.DT.1.b. Describe technology as needs and wants. 6-8.DT.1.b. Analyze how tools, computational thinking. something someone made to meet a materials and processes are used want or need. 3-5.DT.1.b. Give examples of how to alter the natural and human- 9-12.DT.1.b. Discuss how a requirements for a product can designed worlds. design process builds on the K-2.DT.1.c. Explain that systems have limit the design possibilities for that core concepts of technology, parts or components that work together product. 6-8.DT.1.c. Define and categorize including the relationship to accomplish a goal. the requirements of a design as between systems. 3-5.DT.1.c. Describe a process as either criteria or constraints. K-2.DT.1.d. Give examples of how a series of actions and how it is resources such as tools and used to produce a result. 6-8.DT.1.d. Explain how materials are things that help people optimization is the process of get a job done. 3-5.DT.1.d. Identify and describe making a product as fully examples of technology products functional and effective as and processes. possible.

3-5.DT.1.e. Explain how controls 6-8.DT.1.e. Describe how trade- use information to cause offs involve a choice of one systems to change, like a home quality over another. thermostat turning on the heat based on the low temperature of 6-8.DT.1.f. Give examples of a room. how trade-offs must occur when optimizing a design in order to maintain design requirements.

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DESIGN AND TECHNOLOGY Addresses the nature of technology to develop and improve products and systems over time to meet human/societal needs and wants through design processes.

Topic 2: Identify a problem and use an engineering design process to solve the problem. K-2.DT.2.a. Observe and describe 3-5.DT.2.a. Critique needs and 6-8.DT.2.a. Apply a complete 9-12.DT.2.a. Evaluate a design details of an object’s design. opportunities for designing design process to solve an solution using conceptual, solutions. identified individual or community physical, digital and mathematical K-2.DT.2.b. Demonstrate the ability to problem: research, develop, test, models at various intervals of a follow a simple design process: identify 3-5.DT.2.b. Plan and implement a evaluate and present several design process in order to check a problem, think about ways to solve design process: identify a problem, possible solutions, and redesign for proper design and note areas the problem, develop possible think about ways to solve the to improve the solution. where improvements are needed solutions, and share and evaluate problem, develop possible (e.g., check the design solutions solutions with others. solutions, test and evaluate 6-8.DT.2.b. Describe how against criteria and constraints). solution(s), present a possible invention is a process of turning K-2.DT.2.c. Explain that a design solution, and redesign to improve ideas and imagination into 9-12.DT.2.b. Implement, process is a plan to find solutions to the solution. devices and systems. document and present a design problems. process as applied to a particular 3-5.DT.2.c. Generate, develop 6-8.DT.2.c. Explain how product, process or problem. K-2.DT.2.d. Demonstrate that there are and communicate design ideas innovation is the process of many possible solutions to a design and decisions using appropriate modifying an existing system or problem. terms and graphical system element(s) to improve it. representations. K-2.DT.2.e. Communicate design 6-8.DT.2.d. Consider multiple plans and solutions using drawings factors, including criteria and and descriptive language. constraints, (e.g., research, cost, time, materials, feedback, safety) to justify decisions when developing products and systems to solve problems.

6-8.DT.2.e. Identify and explain why effective designs develop from non-linear, flexible application of a design process.

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DESIGN AND TECHNOLOGY Addresses the nature of technology to develop and improve products and systems over time to meet human/societal needs and wants through design processes. Topic 3: Demonstrate that solutions to complex problems require collaboration, interdisciplinary understanding and systems thinking. K-2.DT.3.a. Describe how different 3-5.DT.3.a. Design a product with 6-8.DT.3.a. Collaborate to solve a 9-12.DT.3.a. Evaluate a technologies are used in various fields. multiple components and describe problem as an interdisciplinary technological problem that has how the components interact to team modeling different roles and benefited from a multidisciplinary K-2.DT.3.b. Work as a team to identify form a system. functions. approach. possible problems to solve and their potential technological solutions. 3-5.DT.3.b. Explore and document 6-8.DT.3.b. Explain ways that 9-12.DT.3.b. Locate and evaluate connections between technology invention and innovation within past predictions about the and other fields of study. one field can transfer into other development of technology. fields of technology. 3-5.DT.3.c. Identify a product and 9-12.DT.3.c. Describe techniques describe how people from 6-8.DT.3.c. Evaluate the for making decisions about the different disciplines combined effectiveness of the group’s future development of technology. their skills in the design and collaboration during the production of the product. engineering design process and 9-12.DT.3.d. Analyze the the contribution of the varying interactions within systems and roles. between systems.

6-8.DT.3.d. Give examples of 9-12.DT.3.e. Apply systems how changes in one part of a thinking to solve a complex system can impact other parts of problem. that system.

6-8.DT.3.e. Deconstruct a system into its component parts and describe how they interrelate.

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DESIGN AND TECHNOLOGY Addresses the nature of technology to develop and improve products and systems over time to meet human/societal needs and wants through design processes. Topic 4: Evaluate designs using functional, aesthetic and creative elements. K-2.DT.4.a. Identify and discuss the 3-5.DT.4.a. Use criteria developed 6-8.DT.4.a. Examine the 9-12.DT.4.a. Evaluate use of aesthetics in everyday objects. with guidance to evaluate a new or progression of a product to project/product solutions and improved product for its functional, identify how the functional, communicate observations of the K-2.DT.4.b. Identify and discuss aesthetic and creative elements. aesthetic and creative elements entire design process results. functional aspects of everyday objects. were applied. 3-5.DT.4.b. Examine a familiar 9-12.DT.4.b. Interpret K-2.DT.4.c. Identify and discuss product or process and suggest 6-8.DT.4.b. Analyze data/information related to product examples of creativity found in improvements to its design. environments or products that are testing to determine revisions and everyday objects. examples of the application of the modifications to a design’s principles of universal or inclusive function and aesthetics. K-2.DT.4.d. Discuss and give design. examples of how changes in design 9-12.DT.4.c. Critically evaluate a can be used to strengthen or improve 6-8.DT.4.c. Apply the design design solution at multiple points a product. principle “form follows function” of a design process. Consider to develop a product. design requirements and adjust processes and outcomes as needed.

9-12.DT.4.d. Explain the interrelationship between technology, creativity and innovation.

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Acknowledgements

During the revision process, the Advisory Committee, Working Group and Department used the following resources: the International Society for Technology in Education Standards (ISTE), the International Technology and Engineering Educators Association Standards (ITEEA), the Australian Curriculum Technologies Content Descriptions (ACARA) and Ohio’s Learning Standards (to ensure alignment across content areas). ADVISORY COMMITTEE MEMBERS Joe Chavez Thad Haines Richard Miller Gallia-Vinton ESC Jackson City Schools Ohio Technology & Engineering Educators Administrative Associate Assistant Principal Association (OTEEA) President Tad Douce Betsy Hood META Solutions Eastwood Local Schools Sandra Paxton Vice President, Innovation & Adult Learning Director of eLearning Ohio Board of Regents Manager of Technology Learning Theresa Fredericka Clare Kilbaine INFOhio Otterbein Paul Post Executive Director Associate Professor The Ohio State University Assistant Professor Jennifer Fry Selma Koc Westerville City Schools Cleveland State University Kelly Schooler K-12 Coordinator Associate Professor Perry Local Schools Principal Drew Gardner Brian Lien Ledgemont Local Schools Princeton City Schools Chris Willis Teacher Teacher Bowling Green State University Assistant Professor Krista Guy Nicole Luthy Dayton Public Schools Ohio Resource Center, The Ohio State Director, Library/Media Services & University, Director Educational Technology

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WRITING TEAM MEMBERS

Sarah Closson Krista Heidenreich William Nyerges Granville Exempted Village Schools Lakota Local Schools Solon City Schools Library Media Specialist Director of Digital Learning Teacher

Michele Dickey Todd Heslet Giovanna Orlando Miami University Anthony Wayne Local Schools Cardinal Local Schools Professor Teacher Teacher

Tad Douce Edward Hill Paul Post META Solutions Ohio Resource Center, The Ohio State The Ohio State University Vice President, Innovation & Adult Learning University, Digital Learning Specialist Assistant Professor

Drew Gardner Susan Holland Julie Ramos Ledgemont Local Schools Westerville City Schools Geauga County ESC Teacher Retired Teacher Superintendent

Gayle Geitgey Andreas Johansson Janet Rogers INFOhio Kenston Local Schools Ohio Center for Autism & Low Incidence Instructional Integration Specialist Director of Technology Integration (OCALI) Assistive Technology Program Director Allison Goedde Amy Kennedy Bowling Green State University Southwest Regional Career Tech Rebecca Rosecrans Lecturer, Program Coordinator Education Consultant Tri-County Services Association Educational Technologist Claire Grantier Tiffany Kirkbride Sandusky City Schools Summit Academy Management Paul Ross Instructional Technology Facilitator Technology Integration Coach Bexley City Schools Technology Director Gary Greenberg Denise Lutz Public Media Connect, CET/ThinkTV South Western City Schools Joy Sama Director of Educational Technology Principal Northwest Local Schools Digital Director Kimberly Hawk Kristina Machamer Ridgemont Local Schools Charter School Specialists Technology Integration Specialist School Improvement Coordinator

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Victor Stefan Ohio Technology & Engineering Educators Association (OTEEA) Executive Director

Aaron Stewart Ohio Department of Education, Office of Career Tech IT Consultant

Judith Tucker Northwest Ohio Educational Technology (NWOET) Associate Director for Professional Development

Zachary Vander Veen Hamilton City School District Director of Technology and eLearning

Laura Whitehead North Royalton City Schools K-12 Library Media

John Wiseman Ohio Department of Education, Office of Career Tech Education Program Specialist

Brandi Young INFOhio ILibrarian