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The Role of Languages in Intercultural Communication Rolo De Lingvoj En Interkultura Komunikado Rola Języków W Komunikacji Międzykulturowej

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The Role of Languages in Intercultural Communication Rolo De Lingvoj En Interkultura Komunikado Rola Języków W Komunikacji Międzykulturowej Cross-linguistic and Cross-cultural Studies 1 The Role of Languages in Intercultural Communication Rolo de lingvoj en interkultura komunikado Rola języków w komunikacji międzykulturowej Editors – Redaktoroj – Redakcja Ilona Koutny & Ida Stria & Michael Farris Poznań 2020 The Role of Languages in Intercultural Communication Rolo de lingvoj en interkultura komunikado Rola języków w komunikacji międzykulturowej 1 2 Uniwersytet im. Adama Mickiewicza – Adam Mickiewicz University Instytut Etnolingwistyki – Institute of Ethnolinguistics The Role of Languages in Intercultural Communication Rolo de lingvoj en interkultura komunikado Rola języków w komunikacji międzykulturowej Editors – Redaktoroj – Redakcja Ilona Koutny & Ida Stria & Michael Farris Poznań 2020 3 Cross-linguistic and Cross-cultural Studies 1 Redaktor serii – Series editor: Ilona Koutny Recenzenci: Věra Barandovská-Frank Probal Dasgupta Nicolau Dols Salas Michael Farris Sabine Fiedler Federico Gobbo Wim Jansen Kimura Goro Ilona Koutny Timothy Reagan Ida Stria Bengt-Arne Wickström Projekt okładki: Ilona Koutny Copyright by: Aŭtoroj – Authors – Autorzy Copyright by: Wydawnictwo Rys Wydanie I, Poznań 2020 ISBN 978-83-66666-28-3 DOI 10.48226/978-83-66666-28-3 Wydanie: Wydawnictwo Rys ul. Kolejowa 41 62-070 Dąbrówka tel. 600 44 55 80 e-mail: [email protected] www.wydawnictworys.com 4 Contents – Enhavtabelo – Spis treści Foreword / Antaŭparolo / Przedmowa ................................................................................... 7 1. Intercultural communication: theoretical approaches / Interkultura komunikado: teoriaj aliroj / Komunikacja międzykulturowa: aspekty teoretyczne Ilona Koutny The role of languages in intercultural communication ........................................................ 19 Kimura Goro Christoph Komunikado per Esperanto en interlingva komparo ........................................................... 31 Jan van Steenbergen Zonal Auxiliary Languages .................................................................................................. 41 Věra Barandovská-Frank Pri lingua franca .................................................................................................................. 59 2. Intercultural communication: practical approaches / Interkultura komunikado: praktikaj aliroj / Komunikacja międzykulturowa: aspekty praktyczne Agnieszka Pawłowska-Balcerska Komunikacja interkulturowa na przykładzie polsko-niemieckiego projektu “Interkulturelle Begegnungen – Poznań – Bielefeld” („Spotkania interkulturowe – Poznań – Bielefeld”) – możliwości i ograniczenia .............................................................. 63 Jason Shern Ern Fan Communication Issues of Japanese Sojourners in Singapore .............................................. 83 Elżbieta Pawlas & Michał B. Paradowski Misunderstandings in communicating in English as a lingua franca: Causes, prevention, and remediation strategies ................................................................... 99 Sabine Fiedler & Cyril Robert Brosch Interkultura komunikado per Esperanto: kelkaj ĉefaj trajtoj ............................................. 121 Vicente Manzano-Arrondo Ĉu komunikado bezonas internacian lingvon aŭ interkulturan? ........................................ 137 3. Language policy / Lingvopolitiko / Polityka językowa Nicolau Dols Salas Normigo kaj normaligo de ne plenrajta lingvo: la kazo de la kataluna ............................. 151 Maciej Paweł Jaskot Plurlingveco en Hispanio: la kazo de la andaluza, la malpli valorata lingvovarianto ....... 165 Homeira Moradi Language policy in contemporary Iran: The case of Assyrian and Mazandaranian .......... 179 5 Bengt‐Arne Wickström Justaj lingvorajtoj: Socia kontrakto kaj konstitucia ekonomiko ........................................ 191 4. Interculturalism in language teaching / Interkultureco en lingvoinstruado / Międzykulturowość w nauczaniu języków Maria R. Coady & Hyunjin Jinna Kim & Nidza Marichal The status of Spanish in language-in-education policies in the United States: Implications for educators .................................................................................................. 209 Magdalena Sztencel A common ground perspective on interactional strategies for global communication in English ................................................................................................. 221 Mónika Molnár Interkulturaj valoroj per la okuloj de lernejanoj ................................................................ 235 Jerzy Leyk Plurlingveca kapitalo de la socioj kaj ties bildo en Eŭropo kontraste al monopoligaj praktikoj en edukado de fremdaj lingvoj je mezlerneja nivelo ..................... 249 5. Sign languages / Gestolingvoj / Języki migowe Timothy Reagan Sign Languages and Intercultural Communication: The Challenges of Deaf-Hearing Interactions in Multilingual Settings ...................................................... 269 Michael Farris The Search for an International Sign Language ................................................................ 283 Małgorzata Talipska Problem opracowania testu reprodukcji zdań dla International Sign (IS-SRT) – uwagi wstępne .................................................................................................................... 297 Abstrakty polskie ............................................................................................................... 311 Authors – Aŭtoroj .............................................................................................................. 321 6 Foreword Intercultural communication is an everyday fact in a globalizing era, as people move from one country to another for tourism, work, or a better life. Migration can cause not only political or economic tensions but language problems as well. Technology now makes virtual meetings possible as well and this pandemic year has brought about a large scale increase in their occurrence. Meetings between people from different cultures can lead to the enrichment of humanity’s common culture, to more varied solutions to problems but also to misunderstandings and conflicts due to differences. Only the knowledge of one’s own and other cultures and awareness of and openness to difference can lead to effective communication. In addition, the language used between those communicating (whether the native language of one of the conversation partners or a common interlanguage) plays a role in the success or failure of communication as language and culture are inextricably bound together. Language is both a part of and an expression of culture. The role played by international languages such as English, Spanish and international planned languages such as Esperanto in communication, whether interpersonal or in an inter- national context, is the basic question which prompted us to put together this book on the Role of languages in intercultural communication. The topic is conceived of broadly, from aspects of communication through the implications of language policy to multiculturalism in education with a section also devoted to sign languages. This book was also inspired by the Fifth Interlinguistics Symposium, with a similar theme, organized in the Institute of Ethnolinguistics at AMU in September, 2020. A total 20 experts from seven countries (Germany, Spain, Japan, the Netherlands, Poland, Switzerland, the United States) and three continents were invited to contribute. Interculturalism is also supported by the multilingualism of the volume (with English and Esperanto as international languages and Polish as the local environment of the publication). The book consists of five chapters: intercultural communication: theory and practice, language policy, interculturalism in education and sign languages. (1) Ilona Koutny introduces the topic of intercultural communication and the role of languages within it, mentioning linguistic, psychological and sociological aspects. She then compares the international use of English with the international language Esperanto. Goro Kimura propose a classification of possible manners of interlingual communication (from the mutual intelligibility of similar languages, the use of one interlocutor’s language through the use of another ethnic language to classical and planned languages). He also searches for a specific place for Esperanto. Jan van Steenbergen focuses on zonal constructed languages that aim to increase mutual understanding between speakers of similar languages. These include Inter- slavic for Slavic languages, Folkspraak for Germanic languages and Neolatino for 7 Foreword / Antaŭparolo / Przedmowa Romance languages. Věra Barandovská-Frank brings a historic perspective to the problem, presenting the original Lingua Franca, which functioned in the Mediterra- nean basin between the 16th and 19th centuries. It was based on Romance languages with Arabic elements. (2) The second chapter describes problems of international and intercultural com- munication from a more practical point of view. Agnieszka Pawłowska-Balcerska presents an intercultural Polish-German project whose goal was to develop the intercultural competence of students at the Polish university AMU and a German university in Bielefed. They discussed stereotypes, national identity and learned about each other. Jason Fan indicates that Japanese learners of English in Japan encounter problems when they move to Singapore. Challenges are presented not only by the grammar, vocabulary and phonology but also by sociolinguistic
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