L'incontro Con L'esperanto
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Possibilities for Passives in Natural and Artificial Languages
Christo Moskovsky & Alan Libert 101 Journal of Universal Language 5 September 2004, 101-149 Possibilities for Passives in Natural and Artificial Languages Christo Moskovsky & Alan Libert University of Newcastle Abstract The Passive Voice is a category which we find in the large majority of natural languages, and also in most artificial languages. The first major part of this paper offers a survey of passive constructions in a number of typologically distinct natural languages, with the basic aim of presenting the (prospective) artificial language constructor with the range of functional and formal properties of the Passive Voice which occur in natural languages. This survey shows that regardless of the fair amount of variation in the morphosyntactic form of passives that we find in different natural languages, crosslinguistically passives are remarkably uniform in inevitably occurring as a grammatical category marked (synthetically or analytically) on the verb; they are also remarkably uniform in relation to the basic function they perform: passivization inevitably involves demotion of a primary clausal term (the Subject) and in most of the cases also promotion of a non-primary term. The next part of the paper offers an overview of Passive Voice formation and function in artificial languages, which will provide the language constructor with a good idea of some of the ‘design’ decisions taken with regard to this grammatical category. Finally, the paper briefly discusses various design issues in relation to economy, explicitness/ambiguity, 102 Possibilities for Passives in Natural and Artificial Languages functionality, and learnability and presents some specific recommendations with regard to the possible design of passives in an artificial language. -
A Visual Inter Lingua Neil Edwin Michael Leemans Worcester Polytechnic Institute
Worcester Polytechnic Institute Digital WPI Doctoral Dissertations (All Dissertations, All Years) Electronic Theses and Dissertations 2001-04-24 VIL: A Visual Inter Lingua Neil Edwin Michael Leemans Worcester Polytechnic Institute Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.wpi.edu/etd-dissertations Repository Citation Leemans, N. E. (2001). VIL: A Visual Inter Lingua. Retrieved from https://digitalcommons.wpi.edu/etd-dissertations/154 This dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by Digital WPI. It has been accepted for inclusion in Doctoral Dissertations (All Dissertations, All Years) by an authorized administrator of Digital WPI. For more information, please contact [email protected]. VIL: A Visual Inter Lingua by Neil Edwin Michael (Paul) Leemans A Dissertation Submitted to the Faculty of the WORCESTER POLYTECHNIC INSTITUTE in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Computer Science by ____________________ April 2001 APPROVED: _____________________________________________ Dr. Lee A. Becker, Major Advisor _____________________________________________ Dr. David C. Brown, Committee Member _____________________________________________ Dr. Norman Wittels, Committee Member, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering _____________________________________________ Dr. Stanley S. Selkow, Committee Member __________________________________________________ Dr. Micha Hofri, Head of Department VIL: A Visual Inter Lingua _____________________________________________________________________ -
In Praise of Fluffy Bunnies
In Praise of Fluffy Bunnies Copyright © 2012, Richard Forsyth. Background Reading John Lanchester's Whoops!, an entertaining account of how highly paid hotshot traders in a number of prestigious financial institutions brought the world to the brink of economic collapse, I was struck by the following sentence: "In an ideal world, one populated by vegetarians, Esperanto speakers and fluffy bunny wabbits, derivatives would be used for one thing only: reducing levels of risk." (Lanchester, 2010: 37). What struck me about this throwaway remark, apart from the obvious implication that derivatives were actually used to magnify risk rather than reducing it (doubtless by carnivores ignorant of Esperanto), was its presumption that right-thinking readers would take it for granted that Esperanto symbolizes well-meaning futility -- thus highlighting the author's status as a tough-minded realist. This is just one illustration that disdain for Esperanto in particular, and auxiliary languages in general, pervades intellectual circles in Britain today, as in many other countries. And if you dare to raise the subject of constructed international languages with a professional translator or interpreter be prepared not just for disdain but outright hostility. Of course professional interpreters are among the most linguistically gifted people on the planet, and can't see why the rest of us shouldn't become fluent in half a dozen natural languages in our spare time. (Not to mention the fact that a widespread adoption of Esperanto, or one of its competitors, would have a seriously negative impact on their opportunities for gainful employment.) Thus Esperanto has become a symbol of lost causes, to be dismissed out of hand by practical folk. -
Hemisphere Differences in Idiom Comprehension: the Influence of Ambiguity, Transparancy, and Familiarity
DePaul University Via Sapientiae College of Liberal Arts & Social Sciences Theses and Dissertations College of Liberal Arts and Social Sciences 6-2010 Hemisphere differences in idiom comprehension: The influence of ambiguity, transparancy, and familiarity Stephen Briner [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://via.library.depaul.edu/etd Recommended Citation Briner, Stephen, "Hemisphere differences in idiom comprehension: The influence of ambiguity, transparancy, and familiarity" (2010). College of Liberal Arts & Social Sciences Theses and Dissertations. 45. https://via.library.depaul.edu/etd/45 This Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by the College of Liberal Arts and Social Sciences at Via Sapientiae. It has been accepted for inclusion in College of Liberal Arts & Social Sciences Theses and Dissertations by an authorized administrator of Via Sapientiae. For more information, please contact [email protected]. i HEMISPHERIC DIFFERENCES IN IDIOM COMPREHENSION: THE INFLUENCE OF AMBIGUITY, TRANSPARENCY, AND FAMILIARITY A Dissertation Presented in partial fulfillment of the Requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy BY STEPHEN WAYNE BRINER 4 JUNE 2010 Department of Psychology College of Liberal Arts and Sciences DePaul University Chicago, Illinois ii DISSERTATION COMMITTEE Sandra Virtue, Ph.D. Chairperson Department of Psychology David Allbritton, Ph.D. Linda Camras, Ph.D. Department of English Craig Sirles, Ph.D. Department of Writing, Rhetoric, & Discourse Christine Tardy, Ph.D. iii ACKNOWLEDGMENTS I would like to thank Dr. Sandra Virtue and the members of my dissertation committee for all of their hard work and guidance during the dissertation process. I would also like to thank the following undergraduate assistants for their help with proofreading experimental materials and running experiments: Hector Alvarez, Melanie Ammerman, Lindsay Anderson, Katherine Cloutier, Madeline Garza, Chris Thompson, and Bernadette Trubatisky. -
Interlingvistiko
Interlingvistiko Enkonduko en la sciencon pri planlingvoj 1 2 Universitato Adam Mickiewicz – Uniwersytet im. Adama Mickiewicza Interlingvistikaj Studoj – Studia Interlingwistyki Vĕra Barandovská-Frank Interlingvistiko Enkonduko en la sciencon pri planlingvoj Poznań 2020 3 Interlingvistikaj Studoj 1 Redaktanto de la serio – Redaktor serii: Ilona Koutny Redaktanto de la volumo – Redaktor tomu: Ilona Koutny Reviziantoj – Recenzenci: Wim Jansen, Ida Stria Bildo en la titolpaĝo – Obraz na okładce: Katalin Kováts Plano de titolpaĝo – Projekt okładki: Ilona Koutny © Teksto – Tekst: Vĕra Barandovská-Frank © Bildo – Obraz na okładce: Katalin Kováts © Eldono – Edycja: Wydawnictwo Rys Publikigita kun subteno de Akademio Internacia de la Sciencoj San Marino dofinansowane przez Międzynarodową Akademię Nauk San Marino Wydanie I Poznań 2020 ISBN 978-83-65483-88-1 Wydanie: Wydawnictwo Rys Dąbrówka, ul. Kolejowa 41 62-070 Dopiewo tel. 600 44 55 80 e-mail: [email protected] www.wydawnictworys.com 4 Enhavtabelo Antaŭparolo ..................................................................................................................... 9 Enkonduko .................................................................................................................... 11 1. Interlingvistiko kiel scienco ..................................................................................... 15 2. Antikvaj interlingvoj ................................................................................................ 27 2.1. La aramea lingvo ............................................................................................ -
Download PDF Van Tekst
Onze Taal. Jaargang 67 bron Onze Taal. Jaargang 67. Genootschap Onze Taal, Den Haag 1998 Zie voor verantwoording: https://www.dbnl.org/tekst/_taa014199801_01/colofon.php Let op: werken die korter dan 140 jaar geleden verschenen zijn, kunnen auteursrechtelijk beschermd zijn. 1 [Nummer 1] Onze Taal. Jaargang 67 3 Spannend schrijven René Appel Wat maakt spannende verhalen nu eigenlijk zo spannend? Thrillerauteur René Appel legt uit welke procédés ervoor zorgen dat je een boek niet weglegt voordat het uit is. En Hans Hoeken verklaart het merkwaardige verschijnsel dat een verhaal ook spannend kan blijven als je allang weet dat ‘de butler het gedaan heeft’. ‘Op de dag die de goden hadden uitgekozen voor zijn vernietiging, ontbeet Peter Hale op het terras van zijn appartement.’ Met deze onheilspellende zin begint De brandende man, de nieuwste juridische thriller van Philip Margolin. Zo'n zin is typerend voor schrijvers die het vooral moeten hebben van spanning in hun boeken. Margolin roept een bepaalde verwachting op. Er gaat iets ergs gebeuren met Peter Hale, maar de lezer weet niet hoe en wat. Hoe creëren schrijvers die spanning? Welke procédés staan hun daarbij ter beschikking? Ik zal proberen die vragen te beantwoorden. Dat doe ik voornamelijk op grond van mijn kennis van misdaadliteratuur, als lezer en als schrijver. En hoe zit dat met non-fictie? Gelden daarvoor dezelfde wetten als voor fictie? Op die vraag kom ik aan het slot terug. ● Lijk Klassiek in de misdaadliteratuur is een verhaal waarbij er in het begin een lijk wordt gevonden. De lezer krijgt een raadsel voorgeschoteld, en de centrale vraag is natuurlijk: wie heeft het gedaan, wie is de moordenaar? Dit type spanning zou je ‘retro spectieve spanning’ kunnen noemen, spanning die opgeroepen wordt door het oplossen van een raadsel uit het verleden. -
In 2018 Linguapax Review
linguapax review6 62018 Languages, Worlds and Action Llengües, mons i acció Linguapax Review 2018 Languages, Worlds and Actions Llengües, mons i acció Editat per: Amb el suport de: Generalitat de Catalunya Departament de Cultura Generalitat de Catalunya Departament d’Acció Exterior Relacions Institucionals i Transparència Secretaria d’Acció Exterior i de la Unió Europea Coordinació editorial: Alícia Fuentes Calle Disseny i maquetació: Maria Cabrera Callís Traduccions: Marc Alba / Violeta Roca Font Aquesta obra està subjecta a una llicència de Reconeixement-NoComercial-CompartirIgual 4.0 Internacional de Creative Commons CONTENTS - CONTINGUTS Introduction. Languages, Worlds and action. Alícia Fuentes-Calle 5 Introducció. Llengües, mons i acció. Alícia Fuentes-Calle Túumben Maaya K’aay: De-stigmatising Maya Language in the 14 Yucatan Region Genner Llanes-Ortiz Túumben Maaya K’aay: desestigmatitzant la llengua maia a la regió del Yucatán. Genner Llanes-Ortiz Into the Heimat. Transcultural theatre. Sonia Antinori 37 En el Heimat. Teatre transcultural. Sonia Antinori Sustaining multimodal diversity: Narrative practices from the 64 Central Australian deserts. Jennifer Green La preservació de la diversitat multimodal: els costums narratius dels deserts d’Austràlia central. Jennifer Green A new era in the history of language invention. Jan van Steenbergen 101 Una nova era en la història de la invenció de llengües. Jan van Steenbergen Tribalingual, a startup for endangered languages. Inky Gibbens 183 Tribalingual, una start-up per a llengües amenaçades. Inky Gibbens The Web Alternative, Dimensions of Literacy, and Newer Prospects 200 for African Languages in Today’s World. Kọ́lá Túbọ̀sún L’alternativa web, els aspectes de l’alfabetització i les perspectives més recents de les llengües africanes en el món actual. -
Esperanto Now!
/ / � , _,. ," ./ , / / ..· / / / ,· / / ." / ,• / / . / ." / /1' /,'/ / / ·'/ / / //////� , •• .,.-r ... / / / / //�.1' / ,. / / / � / / / , • • ' c / /' / / / , / ,. / I' / / .-" ... / / / .· / / / ' / /::�- .. / / / / / . �� / / / . / ." / ,. ,· I ,• / / ,' .• / / : / / ,' ... ? / � /, /'// / / / / �- � ; / / / / / / / / ,. ,.. ,' / ..· / / ' S / / �· / / / / / ... / / / / .//,1'/ / / / / / / / / / .· / / :/ / / / / / / / / , •' / / / / / .· ,· / / , / / / / / , · . / / / / / / /�/E / / ... ' ' , / / / / , / / ·' / / / / / / / / ' .·I'; : / ��:-· / / / // //// ." I / r / / / ." / ' r//// . , // /•'/ ,. ,.. ,· / / / / ,· r / , / / / / / / J R / , / / /· / ,·· ,. � , / ... / / // ,. :... '/ , .. �/ , / / , / / / / ·' / / , / / ... " ,.. · , .. / / /� / , ... / / /��:,.- I / ts.>· :'::::· / ... / / / : : : : · :I· / '. / / ,' / / , N/ •· / / / / � / ·' / / / / / // // // / / ... ... , / ,• // / (' ,' / :.� / / / / .... .. / / / //' /, /."/ •' / / , / / . / / / / / ... / / / ... / / ... , / / / / / � rr/ · / / � / / / J / / / / / / ... •' / ./ / / / ,. / / / ,. / / // 1'/// 1 .// / ... ... /////," / .. /// ,· / ///// " / // // / / / / , /;�;/ / / / / / � / Rro idiefJIDy the .. / / ,. .· / , / / / // '.// Bs�eraroti� Sfutiies J / / , / / ,. / / / / � ////;;/ ,r ./ ,r (): /; , ,· I I ® 1 ESPERANTO NOW! Lesson 1 VVhy learn Esperanto? You can't communicate with most of your neighbors on planet Earth. Physical distance and political barriers once segregated humanity. Now we enjoy growing opportunities for worldwide contact, but we're not ready -
VIL: a Visual Inter Lingua
VIL: A Visual Inter Lingua by Neil Edwin Michael (Paul) Leemans A Dissertation Submitted to the Faculty of the WORCESTER POLYTECHNIC INSTITUTE in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Computer Science by ____________________ April 2001 APPROVED: _____________________________________________ Dr. Lee A. Becker, Major Advisor _____________________________________________ Dr. David C. Brown, Committee Member _____________________________________________ Dr. Norman Wittels, Committee Member, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering _____________________________________________ Dr. Stanley S. Selkow, Committee Member __________________________________________________ Dr. Micha Hofri, Head of Department VIL: A Visual Inter Lingua _____________________________________________________________________ 1. Introduction __________________________________________9 1.1 A Brief History ______________________________________________________ 9 1.1.1 Artificial Languages _____________________________________________ 9 1.1.2 Non-Artificial Languages ________________________________________ 11 1.1.3 Visual Languages ______________________________________________ 12 1.2 The Organization of the dissertation____________________________________ 12 1.3 Contributions ______________________________________________________ 14 1.4 Criteria for a new language ___________________________________________ 14 2. Universal Languages & Linguae Franca__________________16 2.1 Pidgins and Creoles _________________________________________________ -
Trabajo De Fin De Grado Tiene Como Principal Objetivo Establecer Un Estado De La Cuestión Del Fenómeno Tan Actual De La Creación De Lenguas
Facultad Filosofía y Letras TRABAJO FIN DE GRADO Grado de Español: Lengua y Literatura Las técnicas del conlanging. Un capítulo sobre la lingüística aplicada a la creación de lenguas Presentado por D.ª Irene Mata Garrido Tutelado por Prof. Dr. D. José Manuel Fradejas Rueda Índice 1 Introducción .......................................................................................................... 2 2 Esbozo histórico del fenómeno de la invención de lenguas ............................... 4 3 Intento de clasificación de las lenguas artificiales ............................................. 10 4 ¿Cómo crear una lengua? .................................................................................... 13 5 El fenómeno de la invención de lenguas y su dimensión social y artística en la actualidad .......................................................................................................... 21 6 Conclusiones .......................................................................................................... 26 7 Bibliografía ............................................................................................................ 28 8 Apéndice I: recopilación de las lenguas artificiales ........................................... 30 9 Apéndice II: casos de cambios de acento de los actores .................................... 45 1 1 Introducción Los límites de mi lengua son los límites de mi mente. Ludwig Wittgenstein El presente Trabajo de Fin de Grado tiene como principal objetivo establecer un estado de la cuestión -
The Role of Languages in Intercultural Communication Rolo De Lingvoj En Interkultura Komunikado Rola Języków W Komunikacji Międzykulturowej
Cross-linguistic and Cross-cultural Studies 1 The Role of Languages in Intercultural Communication Rolo de lingvoj en interkultura komunikado Rola języków w komunikacji międzykulturowej Editors – Redaktoroj – Redakcja Ilona Koutny & Ida Stria & Michael Farris Poznań 2020 The Role of Languages in Intercultural Communication Rolo de lingvoj en interkultura komunikado Rola języków w komunikacji międzykulturowej 1 2 Uniwersytet im. Adama Mickiewicza – Adam Mickiewicz University Instytut Etnolingwistyki – Institute of Ethnolinguistics The Role of Languages in Intercultural Communication Rolo de lingvoj en interkultura komunikado Rola języków w komunikacji międzykulturowej Editors – Redaktoroj – Redakcja Ilona Koutny & Ida Stria & Michael Farris Poznań 2020 3 Cross-linguistic and Cross-cultural Studies 1 Redaktor serii – Series editor: Ilona Koutny Recenzenci: Věra Barandovská-Frank Probal Dasgupta Nicolau Dols Salas Michael Farris Sabine Fiedler Federico Gobbo Wim Jansen Kimura Goro Ilona Koutny Timothy Reagan Ida Stria Bengt-Arne Wickström Projekt okładki: Ilona Koutny Copyright by: Aŭtoroj – Authors – Autorzy Copyright by: Wydawnictwo Rys Wydanie I, Poznań 2020 ISBN 978-83-66666-28-3 DOI 10.48226/978-83-66666-28-3 Wydanie: Wydawnictwo Rys ul. Kolejowa 41 62-070 Dąbrówka tel. 600 44 55 80 e-mail: [email protected] www.wydawnictworys.com 4 Contents – Enhavtabelo – Spis treści Foreword / Antaŭparolo / Przedmowa ................................................................................... 7 1. Intercultural communication: -
On Tone and Morphophonology of the Akan Reduplication Construction
Alan Reed Libert & Christo Moskovsky 27 Journal of Universal Language 16-2 September 2015, 27-62 Terms for Bodies of Water in A Posteriori and Mixed Artificial Languages Alan Reed Libert & Christo Moskovsky University of Newcastle, Australia Abstract In this paper we look at words for bodies of water (e.g., words for ‘lake’ and ‘river’) in a large number of a posteriori and mixed artificial languages. After presenting the data and briefly discussing some of them, we analyze some aspects of them, including which meanings seem to be more basic than others. For example, words meaning ‘river’ appear to be unmarked with respect to words meaning similar, but smaller, bodies of water (e.g., ‘brook’), since some artificial languages derive the latter from the former, but no languages in our sample derive the latter from the former. This sort of analysis can be applied to other semantic fields in artificial languages. Keywords: a posteriori languages, mixed languages, lexicon Alan Reed Libert School of Humanities & Social Science, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia Phone: 61-2-49215117; Email: [email protected] Christo Moskovsky School of Humanities & Social Science, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia Phone: 61-2-49215163; Email: [email protected] Received August 11, 2015; Revised September 22, 2015; Accepted Septermber 25, 2015 28 Terms for Bodies of Water in A Posteriori and Mixed Artificial Languages 1. Introduction1 Looking at specific areas of the vocabulary of artificial languages (henceforth ALs) can give one an idea of the nature of such languages, at least with respect to the lexicon and perhaps also concerning derivational morphology.