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A Comparison Between Natural and Planned Languages
UvA-DARE (Digital Academic Repository) The Case of Correlatives: A Comparison between Natural and Planned Languages Gobbo, F. Publication date 2011 Document Version Final published version Published in Journal of Universal Language Link to publication Citation for published version (APA): Gobbo, F. (2011). The Case of Correlatives: A Comparison between Natural and Planned Languages. Journal of Universal Language, 12(2), 45-79. General rights It is not permitted to download or to forward/distribute the text or part of it without the consent of the author(s) and/or copyright holder(s), other than for strictly personal, individual use, unless the work is under an open content license (like Creative Commons). Disclaimer/Complaints regulations If you believe that digital publication of certain material infringes any of your rights or (privacy) interests, please let the Library know, stating your reasons. In case of a legitimate complaint, the Library will make the material inaccessible and/or remove it from the website. Please Ask the Library: https://uba.uva.nl/en/contact, or a letter to: Library of the University of Amsterdam, Secretariat, Singel 425, 1012 WP Amsterdam, The Netherlands. You will be contacted as soon as possible. UvA-DARE is a service provided by the library of the University of Amsterdam (https://dare.uva.nl) Download date:28 Sep 2021 Federico Gobbo 45 Journal of Universal Language 12-2 September 2011, 45-79 The Case of Correlatives: A Comparison between Natural and Planned Languages Federico Gobbo University of Insubria 1 Abstract Since the publication of Volapük, the most important functional and deictic words present in grammar—interrogative, relative and demonstrative pronouns, and adjectives among others—have been described in planned grammars in a series or a table, namely “correlatives,” showing a considerable level of regularity. -
Cosmopolitanism and Nationalism in Catalonia: the Case of the Esperanto Movement
Student ID: 1560509 Cosmopolitanism and nationalism in Catalonia: the case of the Esperanto movement Student ID: 1560509 INTRODUCTION 3 LITERATURE REVIEW 7 ESPERANTO AND CATALONIA 8 NATIONALISM(S) AND COSMOPOLITANISM(S) 11 CATALAN IDENTITY AND NATIONALISM 17 IDENTITY AND ESPERANTO 21 THE STUDY 24 METHODOLOGY 24 FIRST CONTACTS WITH THE LANGUAGE, KEA AND THE IDEALS OF ESPERANTO 30 CATALAN IDENTITY AND ESPERANTISM 38 NATIONALISM, COSMOPOLITANISM AND ESPERANTO 45 CONCLUSIONS 55 BIBLIOGRAPHY 59 2 Student ID: 1560509 Introduction This essay aims to explore the idea and the practice of cosmopolitanism within the Catalan Esperanto community and its interaction with the strong self- identification of Catalan Esperantists as ‘Catalans’ (Alòs i Font, 2010). More spe- cifically, the study focuses on the members of the Catalan Association of Esperan- to ([eo]: Kataluna Esperanto-Asocio, hereinafter KEA) who reside in Barcelona, where the headquarters of the association are.1 The main research question is the following: How do the members of the Catalan Association of Esperanto balance their nation- alistic sentiments towards Catalonia and the Catalan language with the core cos- mopolitan ideology of the Esperanto movement they are part of? The question is interesting because the strong nationalism of Catalan Esperan- tists, apart from being in contrast with the traditional Esperanto ideology and culture (Zaft, 2003; Blanke, 2015), is not in line with what seems to be the reality of most Esperanto communities in Europe, as emerged from the available empir- ical studies on the subject (Rašič, 1996; Alòs i Font, 2010; Puškar, 2015). These studies show that European Esperantists have in general a weaker national iden- tity than the average citizens of their respective countries. -
Associations Transnationales
Contents 4/2004 Sommaire Les langues dans la régionalisation du monde par Sophie Fisher page 247 Civil society in favour of language diversity : unity for the Cause by Denis Cunningham page 249 Figures de linguistes dans la société civile par Françoise Gadet page 261 Ethnicité et culture : l'alliance à plaisanterie comme forme de culture ciment entre les ethnies au Burkina Faso par Alain Sissao page 269 International Relations and its languages: a transdisciplinary perspective by Paul Ghils page 283 *** Une révolution démocratique : l'émergence de l'Union européenne by Dusan Sidjanski page 291 Services sociaux d’intérêt général et droit communautaire par Marianne Dony page 299 Book reviews Recensions page 309 Association News Vie associative page 313 New international organisations Nouvelles organisations internationales page 322 Index page 323 Transnational Associations Associations transnationales 245 Dear Subscribers, We regret to inform you that this issue will be the last issue of Transnational Associations to be published in printed form. From 2005, the journal will be available and distributed electronically. It is now integrated into a system of online access to all issues of Transnational Associations (or its predecessors) dating back to 1949. Articles will also be accessible online via the associated bibliographical data base (through subscriptions to the online version of our Yearbook of International Organizations http://www.uia.org/db). Electronic versions of all past issues can be purchased. The contents index can be freely browsed and searched in the Transnational Associations Online Database (http://www.uia.org/ta/online.php) A nos lecteurs Nous avons le regret d’annoncer à nos lecteurs que ce numéro est le dernier d’Associations transna- tionales à paraître sous forme imprimée. -
La Comunicación Internacional
La comunicación internacional A lo largo de la historia, los hombres han buscado siempre una lengua puente por motivos prácticos y, normalmente, los relevos económicos y culturales en las distintas épocas y lugares han dictado el cambio de idioma en las relaciones internacionales (sumerio, chino, griego, latín, francés, inglés…). Hoy día la lengua inglesa ha alcanzado un nivel más amplio y profundo que todas sus predecesoras al precio de discriminar a quienes no la tienen como materna. Inscripciones “…es necesaria una lengua común para el mundo y, cuneiformes en si no existiera otra, sería más conveniente para esta La comunicación internacional restringida sumerio, en torno al necesidad destinar el latín que cualquier otra. Pero … voluntariamente a unas pocas lenguas favorece a 1950 a. C. no podemos dejar de aconsejar de buen grado una algunos y desfavorece a muchos. Una sola lengua lengua totalmente nueva.” (Jan Amos Komenský, 1668). nacional, normalmente el inglés, desempeñando el papel de lengua franca, desequilibra aún más la balanza a favor de la minoría. La comunicación internacional en esperanto cuesta menos esfuerzo, tiempo y dinero, no discrimina a nadie y es invariablemente superior a la conseguida mediante cualquier otro idioma extranjero. Detrás del esperanto hay un interesante panorama de actividad internacional. Esta exposición pretende ser una introducción al esperanto y su cultura. No agota ninguno de los temas tratados pero es un punto de partida para que el visitante interesado pueda después informarse en profundidad. Bonvenon! Artículo publicado en la revista Explora en mayo de 2004. Zamenhof, el hombre que desafió a Babel Ludwik Lejzer Zamenhof (1859-1917). -
Esperanto Phraseology
Interdisciplinary Description of Complex Systems 13(2), 250-263, 2015 ESPERANTO PHRASEOLOGY Sabine Fiedler* University of Leipzig Leipzig, Germany DOI: 10.7906/indecs.13.2.5 Received: 22 April 2014. Regular article Accepted: 9 June 2014. ABSTRACT The contribution deals with the phrasicon of Esperanto, i.e. the inventory of idioms, phrases, proverbs, catchphrases and other items of pre-fabricated speech that are stored in speakers’ mental lexicon. On the basis of origins, Esperanto phraseology can be classified into three groups: First, many phraseological units have entered the language through various other languages. This group includes classical loan translations especially from the Bible as well as ad-hoc loans introduced by speakers from their mother tongues more or less spontaneously. Secondly, there is a group of planned, i.e. consciously created, phraseological units. They mainly go back to Zamenhof, the initiator of the language, who published an Esperanto Proverb Collection (Proverbaro Esperanta) in 1910. Thirdly, there are phraseological units which have their origin in the language and the cultural life of the speech community. The paper will show that the planned language Esperanto, with its agglutinative character, free word order and flexible word formation, possesses the prerequisites for creating stylistically appealing and catchy phraseological units. An analysis of literary and journalistic texts as well as oral communication in Esperanto reveals that its phraseology is widely used and that authors like to modify phrases and idioms according to the textual situation. The use of phraseological units proves that Esperanto is a living language. Phraseology can be considered a criterion for assessing the successful development of the planned language system from a project to a full-fledged language. -
Why Esperanto?
Fiat Lingua Title: The Contemporary Esperanto Speech Community Author: Adelina Solis MS Date: 01-12-2013 FL Date: 01-01-2013 FL Number: FL-000010-01 Citation: Solis, Adelina. 2013. “The Contemporary Esperanto Speech Community.” FL-000010-01, Fiat Lingua, <http:// fiatlingua.org>. Web. 01 Jan. 2013. Copyright: © 2013 Adelina Solis. This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution- NonCommercial-NoDerivs 3.0 Unported License. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/ Fiat Lingua is produced and maintained by the Language Creation Society (LCS). For more information about the LCS, visit http://www.conlang.org/ The Contemporary Esperanto Speech Community by Adelina Mariflor Solís Montúfar 1 Table of Contents Chapter 1: Introduction 3 1.1 Definitions 4 1.2 Political support for a universal language 5 1.3 A brief history of language invention 9 1.4 A brief history of Esperanto 14 1.5 The construction, structure, and dissemination of Esperanto 17 1.6 Esperanto and the culture question 24 1.7 Research Methods 29 Chapter 2: Who Speaks Esperanto? 34 2.1 Number and distribution of speakers 34 2.2 Gender distribution 47 Chapter 3: The Esperanto Speech Community 58 3.1 Terminology and definitions 58 3.2 Norms and Ideologies 65 3.3 Approach to language 70 Chapter 4: Why Esperanto? 81 4.1 Ideology-based reasons to speak Esperanto 83 4.2 Practical attractions to Esperanto 86 4.3 More than friendship 94 4.4 The congress effect 95 4.5 Esperanto for the blind 100 4.6 Unexpected benefits 102 Chapter 5: Esperantist Objectives 103 5.1 Attracting new speakers 103 5.2 Teaching Esperanto 107 Chapter 6: Conclusion 116 Works Cited 121 2 Chapter 1: Introduction When we think about invented languages, we may think of childhood games. -
Europe's Babylon: Towards a Single European Language? Esperanto Documents 41A
DOCUMENT RESUME ED 339 220 FL 019 865 AUTHOR Fettes, Mark TITLE Europe's Babylon: Towards a Single European Language? Esperanto Documents 41A. INSTITUTION Universal Esperanto Association, Rotterdam (Netherlands). REPORT NO ISSN-0165-2575 PUB DATE 91 NOTE 2Ip. AVAILABLE FROMUtiversal Esperanto Association, Nieuwe Binnenweg 175, 3015 BJ Rotterdam, Netherlands (Hfl. 3.00, plus 10% shipping and handling; discounts on larger orders). PUB TYPE Reports - Evaluative/Feasibility (142) -- Viewpoints (Opinion/Position Papers, Essays, etc.) (120) EDRS PRICE MF01/PC01 Plus Postage. DESCRIPTORS *Esperanto; *Foreign Countries; *Intercultural Communication; *International Cooperation; *Language Planning; *Language Role; Official Languages; Public Policy; Uncommonly Taught Langua9es IDENTIFIERS *Europe ABSTRACT Discussion of the establishment of a single language for Europe's many countries and cultures focuses on the debate over English versus Esperanto as the language of choice. It is argued that the notion that language has not been a major barrier to intellectual exchange is a myth. In addition, while the main European political institutions support multi1J.ngualism, the situation does not preclude establishing a tingle second language. Issues in developing language policy for a newly unified Europe include the geographic and political territory it must cover, the roles envisioned for the language chosen, and its learnability. English is the strongest contender because of its international preeminence and current widespread use. However, international English is composed of a large number of varieties, not all of which are internationally stable or considered legitimate. The argument in favor of Esperanto, on the other hand, is based on issues of principle rather than linguistic status. As a planned language, Esperanto is mole easily learned than an unplanned national language, and it is also politically neutral. -
Table of Contents
ANASTASIA LESTER LITERARY AGENT PRESENTS : FALL 2016 NON-FICTION TABLE OF CONTENTS NON-FICTION .................................................................................... 3 HIGHLIGHT BEST-SELLERS FALL 2016 ................................................ 3 SOCIETY, POLITICS, ECONOMY ............................................................. 9 HISTORY & CIVILIZATION ..................................................................... 19 BIOGRAPHY & CORRESPONDANCE .................................................... 29 CULTURAL ESSAYS ................................................................................... 31 INVESTIGATIONS & TRUE STORIES & MEMOIRS .......................... 36 SCIENCES ..................................................................................................... 39 PHILOSOPHY & RELIGION & SPIRITUAL LIFE ................................ 42 PSYCHOLOGY & MEDECINE & SELF-HELP ...................................... 43 GASTRONOMY ............................................................................................ 48 ILLUSTRATED BOOKS .............................................................................. 50 ALL TITLES ...................................................................................... 53 Contact: Mrs Anastasia Lester ; Email: [email protected] 1 NON-FICTION NON-FICTION HIGHLIGHT BEST-SELLERS FALL 2016 Malzieu, Mathias: JOURNAL D’UN VAMPIRE EN PYJAMA (DIARY OF A VAMPIRE IN PYJAMAS) (Albin Michel, January 2016, 136 pages) Winner of : Prix France Télévisions -
Update/No.34, 2006
UpdateEAB www.esperanto-gb.org ✩ Gisdateˆ An organ of the Esperanto Association of Britain Organo de Esperanto-Asocio de Britio No. 34, July–September 2006 ★ N-ro 34, julio–septembro 2006 ISSN 1741-4679 International communication without discrimination ★ Respect for all cultures Internacia komunikado sen diskriminacio ★ Respekto por ˆiujc kulturoj Reports on the British Congress in Scarborough – a ‘many-sided’ and packed programme This year we have received two hotelo Green Gables – kaj povis por la junuloj en la kongresa reports on the Association’s lively tuj ekbabili Esperante. BaldaΩ hotelo. and interesting 87th Congress: post mia alveno, mi renkontis one in Esperanto, one in English. alian junan kongresanon, Daniel Dek gejunuloj White, kiun mi antaΩe konis Entute estis dek gejunuloj en la Rakonto de novulo: ‘mult- nur interrete. Li tre sa¸e estis kongreso. LaΩ tio, kion mi aΩdis flanka kaj interesa kongreso’ organizinta apartamenton pri antaΩaj kongresoj, tio estas a çi-jara Brita Kongreso de LEsperanto en Scarborough estis la unua, kiun mi çeestis. Mi do rakontos pri ¸i el la vidpunkto de novulo, kiu verßajne estas iom alia ol la vidpunkto de regulaj kongresanoj. Post naΩhora busa voja¸o dum la tuta vendredo, mi tre ¸ojis, kiam mi vespere finfine alvenis al la kongresejo – la sufiçe alta nombro por britaj kongresoj. Mi do ¸ojis pri la junulara etoso, kiu ekestis, ne nur inter la junuloj mem, sed parte ankaΩ inter aliaj kongresanoj. Varia prelegaro kaj teatra√o La kongresa programo estis tre varia kaj interesa. Tamen estis tiom multaj prelegoj unu post la alia tiel, ke verßajne neniu sukcesis çeesti çiujn. -
English-Only Europe?
English-Only Europe? ‘Globalization and EU enlargement mean that languages from the whole of Europe are coming into even closer contact. This percep- tive book makes a sweeping Grand Tour of the political, cultural and economic issues that we all consequently face, and I hope that those who frame language policy will be influenced by it.’ Neil Kinnock, Vice-President of the European Commission ‘An important and timely book, containing a rich and wide- ranging set of ideas about the “on the ground” reality of language policy in Europe. The book is very engaging, and will appeal to a wide range of readers.’ Joseph Lo Bianco, Director, Language Australia, The National Languages and Literacy Institute of Australia ‘Absolutely essential reading if we are to prevent a linguistic cata- strophe in a rapidly anglicizing Europe.’ Dafydd ap Fergus, Secretary General of the European Esperanto Union Languages are central to the development of an integrated Europe. The way in which the European Union deals with multilingualism has serious implications for both individual member countries and international relations. In this timely and provocative book, Robert Phillipson considers whether the cur- rent expansion of English represents a serious threat to other European languages. The book explores the role of languages in the process of European integration. After looking at the implications of current policies, Phillipson argues the case for more active language policies to safeguard a multilingual Europe. Drawing on examples of countries with explicit language policies, such as Canada and South Africa, the book sets out Phillipson’s vision of an inclusive language policy for Europe, and describes how it can be attained. -
The Story of Ludwik Zamenhof and Esperanto
Is It P ossible for A ll P eople to Speak th e Sam e Language? The Story of Ludw ik Zamenhof and Esperanto Federico Gobbo (Am sterdam / Torino) PO LIN Museum , 14 Decem ber ( ursday), 6 PM, free adm ission Abstract First, we will see the pillars of Zam enhof's thinking and why his linguistic project a$racted the Esperanto pioneers. Then, we will move on the contem porary days, looking to the m otivations of today’s speakers and their aspirations for the present and future of Esperanto. About the lecturer Lecture by Professor Federico Gobbo from University of Am sterdam . Federico Gobbo is Full Professor at the University of Amsterdam, holding the Special Chair in Interlinguistics and Esperanto, and teaching fellow in Language Planning and Planned Language at the University of Torino (Italy). He is a leading scholar in the analysis of the Esperanto phenom enon and language, including Zam enhof’s heritage in th e E s p e ra n to c o m m u n ity o f p ra c tic e . About the lecture Lecture delivered in English with simultaneous translation into Polish. The lecture is organized within the Global Education Outreach Program . The lecture was made possible thanks to the support of the Taube Foundation for Jew ish L ife & C u ltu re, th e W illia m K . B o w es, Jr. F o u n d a tio n , a n d th e A sso cia tio n o f th e Jew ish H isto rica l In stitu te of P o lan d . -
In Praise of Fluffy Bunnies
In Praise of Fluffy Bunnies Copyright © 2012, Richard Forsyth. Background Reading John Lanchester's Whoops!, an entertaining account of how highly paid hotshot traders in a number of prestigious financial institutions brought the world to the brink of economic collapse, I was struck by the following sentence: "In an ideal world, one populated by vegetarians, Esperanto speakers and fluffy bunny wabbits, derivatives would be used for one thing only: reducing levels of risk." (Lanchester, 2010: 37). What struck me about this throwaway remark, apart from the obvious implication that derivatives were actually used to magnify risk rather than reducing it (doubtless by carnivores ignorant of Esperanto), was its presumption that right-thinking readers would take it for granted that Esperanto symbolizes well-meaning futility -- thus highlighting the author's status as a tough-minded realist. This is just one illustration that disdain for Esperanto in particular, and auxiliary languages in general, pervades intellectual circles in Britain today, as in many other countries. And if you dare to raise the subject of constructed international languages with a professional translator or interpreter be prepared not just for disdain but outright hostility. Of course professional interpreters are among the most linguistically gifted people on the planet, and can't see why the rest of us shouldn't become fluent in half a dozen natural languages in our spare time. (Not to mention the fact that a widespread adoption of Esperanto, or one of its competitors, would have a seriously negative impact on their opportunities for gainful employment.) Thus Esperanto has become a symbol of lost causes, to be dismissed out of hand by practical folk.